This Excel spreadsheet presents the simulation of the UR T60/T35 transformer biased differential protection and is built to provide

customers,
with a tool for excersizing different transformer setups, and test scenarios. The simulation can be used to verify the biased differential settings, the differentia
and restraint metering on the relay, and the correct operation of the element, under created test conditions.
Some rules to follow, when working with the simulation program:
1) Please make sure you enter settings or test currents only into the clear boxes on the spreadsheet provided for that!
2) Make sure you enter "0" MVA for all windings you don't use in your transformer setup menu.
3) Make sure the angle of Winding 1 is "0" and the angles of the other transformer windings are entered With Respect To (WRT) Winding 1 as negative ang
4) Make the settings for the Differential/Restraint characteristic without exceeding their ranges as set on the relay.
5) The magnitudes and angles of the injected test currents should be entered as the ones normally received by the relay from the transformer winding CTs.
This means for example, that if we have transformer 100MVA, 230kV/69kV Y/D30 degrees, and CT(w1) 500:5, and CT(w2) 1000:5, and we want to
simulate balanced conditions(differential current = 0), one can make the transformer setup, and enter the test currents for Winding 1 and Winding 2 as .
shown on the picture bellow:

Note that the angles of the entered test currents for Winding 2, are as they are received and seen
by the relay in normal in service conditions, means adding 180 degreese to the phase shift angle of th
power transformer. From the example above, the angles say for phase A of Winding 2 than will be
-30 -180 = -210 degrees, phB(W2) = - 150-180 =330, and for ph C(W2) = - 270-180 = -90 degree
o provide customers,
d differential settings, the differential

(WRT) Winding 1 as negative angles.

from the transformer winding CTs.

w2) 1000:5, and we want to
Winding 1 and Winding 2 as .

as they are received and seen

reese to the phase shift angle of the
ase A of Winding 2 than will be
h C(W2) = - 270-180 = -90 degrees
 Corriente de prueba
r s t
Primario 0.00454545 0 0.00454545 0 0 180
Secundario 0.09 0 0 180 0 0

0.0045 0 0.0045
0.09 0 0
 TRANSFORMER SETTINGS AND CTs
Nomber of Windings: 2 DIFF / RSTR CHARACTERISTIC
W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 DIFFERENTIAL- RESTRAINT GRAPH
Rated(MVA) 15 15 50 0 0 0 Diff. min. PKP 0.20 Slope1 35.0
Nom. (kV) 48 4.16 13.8 0.48 0.48 69 Kneepoint 1 2.00
Connection DELTA WYE DELTA WYE WYE WYE Kneepoint 2 4.00 Slope2 95.0
Grounding NO YES NO YES YES YES
Angle WRT 0 -30 -30 0 0 0 Pre-calculated graph points >>Pre-calculated ratio of the point from the
CT primary 200 2200 3000 3000 3000 1000 Id/Ir, (%) Ph A Ph B Ph C characteristic, corresponding to the same
CT sec. tap 1 1 5 5 5 5 76.4 76.4 76.4 restraint as per the actual Id/Ir ratio. The trip
Inom. Prim. 180.4 2081.8 2091.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 occurs, when the actual Id/Ir ratio,(%) is bigger
Inom.Sec. 0.902 0.946 3.486 0.000 0.000 0.000 than the pre-calculated Id/Ir ratio, (%)
Rotations ABC Select Magnitude Ref. Winding: 2 ACTUAL VALUES
TEST CURRENTS I diff, pu
Magnitude Ref. Winding #: 2
Operating Characteristic
IA IB IC 12
W1 11 DIFFERENTIAL CURRENTS
Magnitude 0.0500 0.05 0.0500 Iad Ibd Icd
10
Angle 0.0 120.0 -120.0 Magnitude 2.10 3.79 3.79
9
W2 Angle -180.0 -286.1 -73.9
Magnitude 1.00 1.00 1.00 8

Angle 30.0 150.0 -90.0 7 RESTRAINT CURRENTS

W3 6 Iar Ibr Icr
Magnitude 3.49 3.49 3.49 Magnitude 3.15 3.15 3.15
5
Angle -210.0 -330.0 -90.0
4
W4 Actual Differential/Restraint Ratio
Magnitude 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 Actual ph A % ph B % ph C %
Angle -180.0 -300.0 -60.0 2 Id/Ir ratio 66.6 120.2 120.2
W5 1
Magnitude 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 DIFF. OPERATION
Angle -180.0 -300.0 -60.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 TRIP
Slope characteristics Iad Ibd Icd I restr, pu
W6 Ia Ib Ic
Magnitude 0.00 0.00 0.00 No trip Trip Trip
Angle 0.0 0.0 0.0

magn. Ref. Winding 0

WYE NO ABC 1 auto
DELTA YES ACB 2 1
ZIG-ZAG 3 2
4 3
5 4
6 5
6