Haryana

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to navigation Jump to search
Haryana
State

From top, left to right: HUDA City Centre metro station,

Pinjore Gardens, bronze chariot of Lord Krishna and
Arjuna at Kurukshetra, Vatika Business Towers in
Faridabad.
 Seal

Location of Haryana in India

Coordinates (Chandigarh): 30°44′N
76°47′ECoordinates: 30°44′N 76°47′E
Country India
Statehood 1 November 1966
Capital Chandigarh†
Largest city Faridabad
Districts 22
Government
• Governor Satyadev Narayan Arya
• Chief Minister Manohar Lal Khattar (BJP)
• Deputy Chief Minister Dushyant Chautala (JJP)
• Legislature Unicameral (90 seats)
• Parliamentary Rajya Sabha 5
constituency Lok Sabha 10
Area
[1]

• Total 44,212 km2 (17,070 sq mi)

Area rank 21st
Population
(2011)
• Total 25,353,081
• Rank 18th
• Density 573/km2 (1,480/sq mi)
 • Density rank 11
Demonym(s) Haryanvi
Languages[2][3]
• Official Hindi
 English
• Additional official  Punjabi

GDP (2018–19)
[4]

₹7.84 lakh crore

• Total
(US$110 billion)
• Per capita ₹257,644 (US$3,600)
Time zone UTC+05:30 (IST)
ISO 3166 code IN-HR
Vehicle registration HR-xx
HDI 0.704 (2017)[5] (High)
HDI rank 7th
Sex ratio 879♀/♂[6]
Website haryana.gov.in
^† Joint Capital with Punjab
††
Common for Punjab, Haryana and Chandigarh.
Symbols of Haryana

Mammal
Black buck

Bird
Black francolin

Flower
Lotus

Tree
Peepal

Haryana (Hindi pronunciation: [ɦərɪˈjaːɳaː]) is one of the 28 states in India, located in northern
part of the country. It was carved out of the former state of East Punjab on 1 November 1966
on linguistic as well as on cultural basis. It is ranked 22nd in terms of area with less than
1.4% (44,212 km2 (17,070 sq mi)) of India's land area.[7][1] Chandigarh is the state capital,
Faridabad in National Capital Region is the most populous city of the state and Gurugram is a
leading financial hub of NCR with major Fortune 500 companies located in it.[8] Haryana has
6 administrative divisions, 22 districts, 72 sub-divisions, 93 revenue tehsils, 50 sub-tehsils,
140 community development blocks, 154 cities and towns, 6,848 villages and 6222 villages
panchayats.[9][7]
As the largest recipient of investment per capita since 2000 in India,[10] and among one of the
wealthiest and most economically developed regions in South Asia,[11] Haryana has the fifth
highest per capita income among Indian states and UTs at ₹226,644 (US$3,200) against the
national average of ₹125,397 (US$1,800) for year 2018–19.[12] Haryana's 2019-20 estimated
state GSDP of US$110 billion[13] (52% services, 34% industries and 14% agriculture) is
growing at 12.96% 2012-17 CAGR and placed on the 13th position behind only much bigger
states, is also boosted by 30 SEZs (mainly along DMIC, ADKIC and DWPE in NCR), 7%
national agricultural exports, 65% of national Basmati rice export, 67% cars, 60%
motorbikes, 50% tractors and 50% refrigerators produced in India.[7][7][14] Faridabad has been
described as eighth fastest growing city in the world and third most in India by City Mayors
Foundation survey.[15] In services, Gurugram ranks number 1 in India in IT growth rate and
existing technology infrastructure, and number 2 in startup ecosystem, innovation and
livability (Nov 2016).[16] Haryana has the seventh highest ranking among Indian states in
human development index.[5]

Among the world's oldest and largest ancient civilisations, the Indus Valley Civilization sites
at Rakhigarhi village in Hisar district and Bhirrana in Fatehabad district are 9,000 years
old.[17] Rich in history, monuments, heritage, flora and fauna, human resources and tourism
with well developed economy, national highways and state roads, it is bordered by Himachal
Pradesh to the north-east, by river Yamuna along its eastern border with Uttar Pradesh, by
Rajasthan to the west and south, and Ghaggar-Hakra River flows along its northern border
with Punjab. Since Haryana surrounds the country's capital Delhi on three sides (north, west
and south), consequently a large area of Haryana is included in the economically-important
National Capital Region for the purposes of planning and development.