Ministry of Defence

Defence Standard

05-50(PART 29)/Issue 1 18 July 1986

METHODS FOR TESTING

FUELS, LUBRICANTS AND
ASSOCIATED PRODUCTS
PART 29: CORROSIVENESS AND OXIDATION
STABILITY OF OILS AND HYDRAULIC FLUIDS

This Part 29 of Def Stan 05-50

supersedes Def Stan 05-50
Method 29 Issue 1
dated February 1979
DEF STAN 05-50 (PART 29)/1

AMENDMENTS ISSUED SINCE PUBLICATION

AMD NO DATE OF TEXT AFFECTED SIGNATURE &

ISSUE DATE

Revision Note

This Standard has been revised with regard to the following:

Format update
Additional clauses relating to liability, health and safety
Test requirements

Historical Record

Issue 1 of this Part replaced Defence Standard 05-50 Method 29.

 DEF STAN 05-50 (PART 29/1)

METHODS FOR TESTING FUELS, LUBRICANTS

AND

ASSOCIATED PRODUCTS

PART 29 CORROSIVENESS AND OXIDATION STABILITY

OF OILS

AND HYDRAULIC FLUIDS

PREFACE

This Part 29 of Def Stan 05-50 supersedes

Def Stan 05-50 Method 29 Issue 1
dated February 1979

i This Defence Standard specifies the requirements for determining

corrosiveness and oxidation stability of oils and hydraulic fluids at
elevated temperatures.

ii This Standard has been produced on behalf of the Defence Engineering and
Equipment Standardization Committee (DEESC) by the Joint Petroleum Products
Subcommittee (JPPSC) and has been agreed by authorities concerned. It is to
be implemented , whenever practicable, in all designs, contracts, orders,
etc, commencing after its date of publication. If any difficulty arises
which prevents application of the Defence Standard, the Directorate of
Standardization shall be informed so that a remedy may be sought.

iii Any enquiries regarding this Standard in relation to an invitation to

tender or a contract in which it is invoked are to be addressed to the
responsible technical or supervising authority named in the invitation to
tender or contract.

iv This Standard has been devised for the use of the Crown and of its
contractors in the execution of contracts for the Crown and, subject to the
Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977, the Crown will not be liable in any way
whatever (including but without limitation negligence on the part of the
Crown its servants or agents) where the Standard is used for other
purposes.

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DEF STAN 05-50 (PART 29)/1

PAGE
CONTENTS

Preface 1

0 Introduction 3
1 Scope 3
2 Warning 3
3 Related Documents 3
4 Outline of Method 4
5 Apparatus 4
6 Materials 4
7 Preparation of Apparatus 5
8 Procedure 5
9 Calculation 6
10 Reporting 7
11 Precision 7

Annex A Figure 1 Test Apparatus A-1

Figure 2 Test Panel Dimensions and Assembly A-2

2
 DEF STAN 05-50 (PART 29/1)

METHODS FOR TESTING FUELS, LUBRICANTS AND ASSOCIATED PRODUCTS

PART 29 CORROSIVENESS AND OXIDATION STABILITY OF OILS AND HYDRAULIC FLUIDS

0 Introduction

This Part of the Standard is referred to in Defence Standards (Def Stan) for
oils and hydraulic fluids, eg Joint Service Designations OM-12, OM-15, OM-18
and OX-14.

1 Scope

The method describes determining corrosiveness and oxidation stability of

oils and hydraulic fluids.

2 Warning

This Standard calls for the use of substances and/or test procedures that
may be injurious to health if adequate precautions are not taken. It refers
only to technical suitability and in no way absolves either the supplier or
the user from statutory obligations relating to health and safety at any
stage of manufacture or use.

3 Related Documents

3.1 The following documents and publications are referred to in this Part
of the Standard:

BS L156 Specification for Sheet and Strip of

Aluminium-Copper-Magnesium-Silicon-Manganese Alloy
(Solution Treated and Aged at Room Temperature)
(Cu 4.4, Mg 0.5, Si 0.8, Mn 0.8)
BS 805 Specification for Toluenes
BS 1432 Specification for Copper for Electrical Purposes, Strip
with Drawn or Rolled Edges
BS 1449 Specification for Carbon and Carbon Manganese Plate, Sheet
and Strip
Part 1 Steel Plate, Sheet or Strip
BS 2000 Methods of Test for Petroleum and its Products
Part 71 Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque
Liquids and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity
Part 154 Detection of Copper Corrosion from Petroleum
Products by Copper Strip Tarnish Test
BS 3370 Specification for Wrought Magnesium Alloys for General
Engineering Purposes, Plate Sheet and Strip
BS 3978 Specification for Water for Laboratory Use

British Standards, British Standards Institution

Def Stan 03-4 The Pre-Treatment and Protection of Steel Parts of

Specified Maximum Tensile Strength Exceeding 1450 N/mm 2
Defence Standards, Ministry of Defence,
Directorate of Standardization

3
DEF STAN 05-50 (PART 29)/1

IP Standard Method of Test for the Measurement of

71 Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids
and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity
154 Detection of Copper Corrosion from Petroleum Products
by the Copper Strip Tarnish Test
IP Specification Acetone

IP Standards for Petroleum and Its Products,

Institute of Petroleum

ASTM Standard Test Method for

D130 Detection of Copper Corrosion from Petroleum Products
by the Copper Strip Tarnish Test
D445 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of
Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of
Dynamic Viscosity)

Annual Book of ASTM Standards for Petroleum Products,

Lubricants and Fossil Fuels,
American Society for Testing and Materials

3.2 Reference in this Part of the Standard to any related document means
the edition and all amendments current at the date on which the reference is
made to this part of the Standard, unless a specific edition is indicated.

4 Outline of Method

The sample is heated and aerated in the presence of five different metals
joined together in a prescribed manner. Corrosiveness is assessed from
changes in mass and appearance of the metals. Oxidation stability is
assessed from changes in appearance, viscosity and acidity of the sample.

5 Apparatus

5.1 Test apparatus, as shown in figure 1, in borosilicate glass, and

connected to a supply of clean, dry, low pressure air of sufficient volume
and pressure to meet the requirements at 8.7.

5.2 Heating bath of sufficient depth to enable the test tube to be immersed
to at least 200 mm controllable at the product test temperature ± 1°C.

5.3 Oven, air circulating and capable of being controlled to within ± 1°C
of the product test temperature.

5.4 Cord, lightweight cotton or linen.

5.5 Microscope, X20 magnification.

5.6 Forceps, stainless steel.

5.7 Gloves, polyethylene.

5.8 Dessicator without dessicant, for storing test panels.

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 DEF STAN 05-50 (PART 29)/1

6 Material

6.1 Test panels as shown in figure 2, prepared from the following metals:

6.1.1 Copper, conforming to BS 1432, condition C103.

6.1.2 Steel, conforming to BS 1449 part 1, grade and finish CR1FF.

6.1.3 Aluminium alloy, conforming to BS L156.

6.1.4 Magnesium alloy, conforming to BS 3370 grade MAG-S-111,

condition M.

6.1.5 Cadmium plated steel, conforming to BS 1449 Part 1, grade and finish
CR1FF, cadmium plated in accordance with Def Stan 03-4, but omitting the
chromate passivation, the plating which shall be carried out after cutting
and drilling shall have a matt finish and a minimum average thickness of
0.015 mm.

6.2 Wash solvent and polishing materials, as specified in Joint Method

IP154:ASTM D130 or BS 2000 Part 154.

6.3 Toluene, conforming to BS 805 grade 2.

6.4 Acetone, conforming to IP specification.

6.5 Distilled Water, conforming to BS 3978.

7 Preparation of Apparatus

7.1 Control the heating bath, at the specified product test temperature to
within ± 1°C.

7.2 Boil a length of the cord in the distilled water and dry in the oven.

7.3 The polyethylene gloves shall be worn throughout the cleaning and
polishing operation. Clean the cadmium plated test panel by rinsing it in
the toluene, and prepare the copper, steel, aluminium alloy and magnesium
alloy test specimens, using the procedure for copper strips described in
Joint Method IP154:ASTM D130 or BS 2000 Part 154.

NOTE: The cleaned and prepared test panels shall subsequently be handled
with the forceps only. The copper and magnesium test specimens shall not be
allowed to touch each other during assembly.

7.4 Weigh each test panel to the nearest 0.2 mg.

7.5 Wearing the polyethylene gloves, tie the test panels together with the
boiled out cord in the form shown in figure 2.

8 Procedure

8.1 Record the visual appearance of the sample.

8.2 Determine the viscosity of the sample, at the specified product

temperature, by Joint Method IP 71:ASTM D445 or BS 2000 Part 71.

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DEF STAN 05-50 (PART 29)/1

8.3 Determine the total acidity of the sample by the specified method.

8.4 Place the test panel assembly in the test tube and weigh to the nearest
0.1 g.

8.5 Add 100 ml of the sample to the test tube and reweigh to the nearest
0.1 g.

8.6 Immerse the test tube in the heating bath , maintained at the specified
product test temperature, to a depth of not less than 200 mm. Connect the
reflux condenser and air line to the test tube as shown in annex A.

8.7 Set the air flow to 5.0 ± 0.5 litres per hour and allow the test to run
for the specified product test period.

8.8 Remove the test tube and its contents from the bath and allow to cool
in the dessicator to 20 ± 5°C. Clean the test tube externally, using the
toluene, and reweigh to the nearest 0.1 g.

8.9 Calculate the percent mass loss of the sample.

NOTE: Should the mass loss exceed 8 percent, or such other figure that may
be specified, the test shall be repeated to confirm that such a loss is a
function of the sample under test.

8.10 Withdraw the assembly from the test tube, retaining the sample for the
subsequent examination described in clause 8.11. Separate the test
panels, rinse them thoroughly first in the toluene and then in the acetone,
air dry and proceed as follows:

8.10.1 Weigh each test panel to the nearest 0.2 mg.

NOTE: The total surface area of a test panel conforming to figure 1 is

normally 1,550 mm2.

8.10.2 Examine each test panel for evidence of visible corrosion using the
microscope for evidence of etching or pitting. Additionally for the copper,
assess the copper corrosion classification using the procedure described in
Joint Method IP 154:ASTM D130 or BS 2000 Part 154.

NOTE: Slight discolouration of the cadmium will be permitted.

8.11 For the sample proceed as follows:

8.11.1 Visually examine for any evidence of separation of insoluble matter

or gumming.

8.11.2 Determine the viscosity, at the specified product temperature, by

Joint Method IP 71:ASTM D445 or BS 2000 Part 71.

8.11.3 Determine the total acidity of the sample by the specified method.

9 Calculation

9.1 Calculate mass change of each test panel as mg/100mm2, from original
to the nearest 0.1 mg.

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 DEF STAN 05-50 (PART 29)/1

9.2 Calculate the percentage change in viscosity from the original.

9.3 Calculate the change in acidity from the original.

10 Reporting

10.1 For each metal test panel report the following:

10.1.1 Any change in appearance. Report the corrosion classification of

the copper.

10.1.2 Any change in mass, as mg/100mm2 to the nearest 0.1 g.

10.2 For the sample report:

10.2.1 Any change in appearance.

10.2.2 Percentage change in viscosity at the specified product

temperature.

10.2.3 Change in total acidity, mg KOH/g.

11 Precision

Under review.

7
Blank Page
 DEF STAN 05-50 (PART 29)/1
ANNEX A

Clip for locating and

supporting the delivery tube

Approximately 5
inside diameter

Flow meter
Approximately 20
inside diameter

Minimum Reflux Condenser

350

Air supply

Minimum 50 inside diameter

at neck of tube
Inside
diameter
Approximately 1.5 ± 0.25
300
Test tube
65 to 70
3

Flat bottom

Fig 1 Test Apparatus

Dimensions in Millimetres

Material: Borosilicate glass

A-1
DEF STAN 05-50 (PART 29)/1
ANNEX A (Concluded)

25 ± 1

2.5 25 ± 1
± 0.25
Drill 2 holes
approximately
1.5 diameter
12.5
± 0.05

Thickness: 3 ± 0.5

Magnesium alloy

Aluminium alloy Steel

Cadmium plated
steel
Cord

Copper

Fig 2 Test Panel Dimensions and Assembly

Dimensions in Millimetres

A-2
DEF STAN 05-50 (PART 29)/1

o
C Crown Copyright 1986
This Standard may be fully reproduced
Published by and obtainable from: except for sale purposes. The
Ministry of Defence following conditions must be observed:
Directorate of Standardization 1 The Royal Coat of Arms and the
Montrose House publishing imprint are to be
187 George Street omitted.
GLASGOW G1 1YU 2 The following statement is to be
inserted on the cover:
Tel No: 041-552 4455 'Crown Copyright. Reprinted by
(name of organization) with the
permission of Her Majesty’s
Stationery Office.'
Requests for commercial reproduction
should be addressed to MOD Stan 1,
Montrose House, 187 George Street,
Glasgow G1 1YU

The following Defence Standard file reference relates to the work on this
Standard - D/D Stan/344/9 (Stan 5c).

Contract Requirements

Defence Standards do not include all the necessary provisions of a contract.

Users of Defence Standards are responsible for their correct application.

Revision of Defence Standards

Defence Standards are revised when necessary by the issue either of

amendments or of revised editions. It is important that users of Defence
Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest
amendments or editions. Information on all Defence Standards is contained
in Def Stan 00-00 (Part 3) Section 4, Index of Standards for Defence
Procurement - Defence Standards Index published annually and supplemented
periodically by Standards in Defence News. Any person who, when making use
of a Defence Standard encounters an inaccuracy or ambiguity is requested to
notify the Directorate of Standardization without delay in order that the
matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.
 DEF STAN 05-50 (PART 29)

METHODS FOR TESTING FUELS, LUBRICANTS AND ASSOCIATED PRODUCTS

PART 29: CORROSIVENESS AND OXIDATION STABILITY OF OILS AND HYDRAULIC FLUIDS

AMENDMENT 1 (Revised text)

1 Page 1, clause ii

Delete: Clause in toto

Substitute:

"ii. This Standard has been produced on behalf of the Defence

Engineering and Equipment Standardization Committee (DEESC) by the Joint
Petroleum Products Subcommittee (JPPSC) and has been agreed by the
authorities concerned with its use and shall be incorporated whenever
relevant in all future designs, contracts, orders etc and whenever
practicable by amendment to those already in existence. If any
difficulty arises which prevents application of the Defence Standard,
the Directorate of Standardization shall be so informed so that a remedy
may be sought.

2 Back Cover, outside

Delete: In 2 places "Montrose House

187 George Street
GLASGOW G1 1YU"

Substitute: "Kentigern House

65 Brown Street
GLASGOW G2 8EX"

Tel No: 041 248 7890

3 Contract Requirements

Delete: Lines 1 and 2

Substitute: "When Defence Standards are incorporated into contracts

users are responsible for their correct application and for
complying with contract requirements."

4 Make a note of this amendment on the Amendment Record.

11 July 1988
D/D Stan/344/9 Ministry of Defence
Directorate of Standardization
Kentigern House
65 Brown Street
GLASGOW G2 8EX

WP 5SP