A R DIGITECH

International Journal Of Engineering, Education And Technology (ARDIJEET)

www.ardigitech.in ISSN 2320-883X, VOLUME 3, ISSUE 2, 01/04/2015

AUTOMATIC BRAKING WITH PNEUMATIC BUMPER SYSTEM

KATORE S.R.*1, KADLAG S.C.*3, MANE P.V., PAWAR G.V.*4, PROF.LONDHE B.C.*4
1,2,3,4
Department of Mechanical Engineering, SND COE & RC, Yeola, Dist: Nashik-423401 Savitribai Phule Pune
University, India. 5,Asst. Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, SND COE & RC, Yeola, Savitribai Phule Pune
University, India

Abstract: Keywords: Automatic Braking System, Pneumatic

Now a days vehicle accidents is the major Bumper, Infrared sensor, Pre-crash Safety, Response
problem. This breaking system used an innovative Time of braking and Electromechanical system
project for the purpose of preventing accidents happens

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in the restricted roadways. The purpose of this system is I. INTRODUCTION

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based an intelligent electronically control with Today India is the most important under
automatic bumper activation system is known as developed country in the world. India is the largest

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“Automatic braking with pneumatic bumper system”. country in the use of various type of vehicles. As the

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This system is assembled on four wheeler available resources to run these vehicles like quality of
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vehicle. Generally this system consist of two roads, and unavailability of new technologies in
mechanisms and these are automatic braking system vehicles are cause for accidents. The number of peoples
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and pneumatic bumper system. Automatic braking which are dead during the vehicle accidents is also very
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system uses the infrared sensor (IR) which senses the large as compared to the other causes of death.
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vehicle which come in front of our system and which

Though there are different causes for these
may be cause for accident. Then sensor gives feedback
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accidents but proper technology of braking system and

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to engine through relay to stop the working of engine.

technology to reduce the damage during accident are
During the working of Automatic braking
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mainly affect on the accident rates. So today

system simultaneously the driver of vehicle also try to
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implementation of proper braking system to prevent the

stop the vehicle by pressing brake pedal. Limit switch is
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accidents and pneumatic bumper system to reduce the

provided below the brake pedal which used to activate
damage is must for vehicles.
the pneumatic bumper and disc brake simultaneously to
reduce the damage our vehicle which occurs if both To achieve this system modification goal, we

vehicles collapse on each other. design this Automatic Braking with Pneumatic Bumper

This provide pre-crash safety for vehicle. As system.

well as this system improve the response time of vehicle

II. PROBLEM DEFINITION
braking to keep safe distance between two vehicles. By
using this system we control the speed of vehicle in In conventional vehicles there are different

small distance. mechanism operated for braking system like hydraulic,

pneumatic, air, mechanical, etc. But all these braking
mechanisms receive the signal or input power directly

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A R DIGITECH
International Journal Of Engineering, Education And Technology (ARDIJEET)
www.ardigitech.in ISSN 2320-883X, VOLUME 3, ISSUE 2, 01/04/2015

from the driver so it totally manual operated. When the III. CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING
driver saw the obstacle or any vehicle in front of his
driving vehicle, he was irritated or becomes mazy. Due
to this the driver fails to give the proper input to
braking system and proper working is not occurs. Also
the driver may not able to pay the full attention during
night travelling so there are many chances to accidents.
After the accident occurs, there is no any provision
to minimize the damages of vehicles. In currently used
vehicles generally bumpers used are of rigid types.

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These bumpers have specific capacity and when the

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range of the accidental force is very high then the
bumpers are fails and these force transferred towards

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the passengers. So this system never reduces the

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damage of both vehicle and passengers.
To overcome these unwanted effects we have to
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design the Automatic Braking System with Pneumatic
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Bumpers which have following objectives

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 To increase the sureness of braking

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Fig.1: Constructional Block Diagram

Application.
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 To increase the response time of braking

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As this system is used at the time of

system. emergency during work. In normal travelling of vehicle
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 To improve the pre-crash safety. this system is off and it never impact on the normal
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 To avoid the percentage of passenger working. When any obstacle, humans, animals or
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injury by using external vehicle safety.
 To reduce the requirement of internal
safety devices like air bags.
vehicle is came in front of the vehicle then the installed
infrared sensor senses that obstacle. The range of
distance between the vehicle and obstacle is variable.
This range is varied according to the density of vehicles
or humans on road. The received signal by IR sensor is
provided to the control unit. This control unit operates
the relay according to the input signal. The relay
operated by control unit cut off the electric power
supply given to the engine so the working of engine is
stop. When the engine stops the working the motion of
vehicle suddenly reduces. At the same time of working

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A R DIGITECH
International Journal Of Engineering, Education And Technology (ARDIJEET)
www.ardigitech.in ISSN 2320-883X, VOLUME 3, ISSUE 2, 01/04/2015

of IR sensor the driver also applied the brake so braking IV. CONSTRUCTIONAL FEATURES
system works by two methods.
4.1 IR Sensor
There are some incidence when the working of
Specifications:-
automatic braking works and engine running is also
Sn= 500mm
stop but due to the moment of inertia on vehicle tries to
Voltage Range - 10-30Vdc
forward motion of the vehicle. This inertia motion
Max. Current - 200mA
cause for accident. During such incidence the driver
also uses manual braking system. In this manual
braking system limit switch is also installed below the
brake pedal. By receiving the foot force of driver the

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limit switch activates and provide the signal to the

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solenoid control valve. Solenoid control valve opens
port going towards the bumper system and brake shoes.

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This pneumatic force used to forward motion of the

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bumper. By receiving the impact of accidental force
bumper try to deflects. The flexible nature of the
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bumper able to sustain the force and so the impact of
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this force on vehicle is reduces. When the external body

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is kept safe then there is no chance of inner damage.

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Fig.2: IR Sensor
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4.2 Relay
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It is a control unit having specification 3P 240A.

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This control unit is act according to sensor signal to

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stop the engine and to apply breaking through solenoid

valve

Fig.2: Automatic Braking with Pneumatic

Bumper System

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A R DIGITECH
International Journal Of Engineering, Education And Technology (ARDIJEET)
www.ardigitech.in ISSN 2320-883X, VOLUME 3, ISSUE 2, 01/04/2015

Limit switch is control unit which is used in

pneumatic bumper system. This switch is operated by
force applied on brake pedal. According to applied
force limit switch close or open the circuit for actuation
of bumper system.

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Fig.3: Relay
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4.3 Compressed Air Tank Fig.5: Solenoid Valve

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Compress air tank is used to store the compressed

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air having pressure 1.5 bar.

V. ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS
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5.1 Advantages
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 It able to Increase the sureness in braking

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system.
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 Braking system able to give fast response.

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 System able to increase the pre-crash safety.

 System able to provide more safety to the
passengers.
 System plays an important role to save human
life in road accidents.
5.2 Limitations
 System have few limitations in densely traffic
road.
Fig.4: Compressed Air Tank
 System have no provision to prevent and cure
the accidents from rear side of vehicle.
4.4 Solenoid Valve

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A R DIGITECH
International Journal Of Engineering, Education And Technology (ARDIJEET)
www.ardigitech.in ISSN 2320-883X, VOLUME 3, ISSUE 2, 01/04/2015

VI. APPLICATIONS

 This system may be applicable in all types of

light vehicles like cars, Rickshaws, Tempos.

 This system also successfully installed in the

heavy vehicles like buses, trucks, trailers, etc.

VII. CONCLUSION
Behind the designing of this system, our main aim is to
improve the prevention technique of accidents and also

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reducing the hazard from accidents like damage of

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vehicle, injury of humans, etc. We observed that our
work is able to achieve all the objectives which are

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necessary.

References
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[1] Erik Coelingh, etal, “Collision Warning with Auto
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Brake”, Sweden, ppn: 07-0450.

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[2] Dr. Kripal Singh, “Automobile Engineering – Vol.

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1”, Standard Publishers Distributors New Delhi-

110 006
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[3] S. P. Patil, “Mechanical System Design”, Second

Edition, JAICO Publishing House, Mumbai 400
is

001
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[4] Dr.Sanjiy.K.Bhatia, Dr.George.M.Lacy, “Infra-

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Red Sensor Simulation”, Missouri,(2009)

[5] Dr.Eung Soo Kim,”Fabrication of Auto Braking

System Using Sensor”, International Journal Of
control And Automation, Vol-2, and no1.