MALS 337 Winter 2020

(Globalization Studies – Interdisciplinary)

The New Global Order: Development, Democracy, and Revolution

Profs. Peter DeShazo and Evelyn Lechner

Office hours:
Prof. Lechner: after class
Evelyn.M.Lechner@dartmouth.edu
Prof. DeShazo: Thursday 1:30-4:00pm or by appointment
Office: Raven House 214
peter.deshazo@dartmouth.edu
603-646-1626

SYLLABUS

Globalization and the pursuit of market-led development have become two crucial
concepts that re-emerged full-blown in the wake of the Cold War, as the West
triumphed over the Soviet Union and the Marxist model. With the United States as
the sole remaining super power, liberal democracy and market-led economies were
widely considered by policy makers in the West to be the inevitable cornerstone of a
new global order. Yet, the process of globalization since the early 1990s has
produced unpredicted results. The end of the Cold War has not generated a
prolonged "Pax Americana" marked by an end to intra-state warfare, insurgencies,
or violence, nor has economic development resulted in the consolidation of
democracy. The strongest economic performer in the post Cold War period has been
China, still an authoritarian Marxist regime, and the Russian Federation that
emerged from the former USSR is evolving in a decidedly anti-democratic direction.

The end of the Cold War in the Americas appeared to usher in the potential for
greater hemispheric unity, the strengthening of representative democracy and
sustained economic growth. While economic development has been historically
strong, it remains uneven and the fruits of economic success often distributed in a
skewed pattern favoring elite groups. In several countries in the region, a strong
reaction to liberal democracy and market-led economic growth gave rise to the
consolidation of proto-authoritarian regimes such as that of Hugo Chaá vez in
Venezuela promoting a 21st century brand of revolution and a revival of anti-U.S.
sentiment. Countries in the region still contend with problems such as insurgency,
organized crime, and high levels of violence.
This course will examine the links between democracy, market-led development,
and globalization in greater theoretical depth as well as in practice since the end of
the Cold War. It will use Latin America as a particular point of focus in highlighting
macro trends in politics and economic policy-making since the 1990s as well as case
studies digging deeper into these variables.

The first part of the course focuses on globalization in general, its impact on the
world economy, on international business, and on American workers. The tension
between globalization and moral questions will be elaborated on.
Intellectual/ideological responses to globalization will also be examined. We will
also discuss the book Saving Capitalism by Robert Reich.
Students will build groups for leading the class readings and discussions for each
class period. Every student will post thoughtful comments on all the class readings
on Canvas one day before class (midnight) meets. Further instructions and
clarifications will be given the first time the class meets. There will be one workshop
on NAFTA on January 10th.
The second part of the course will trace trends in Latin America's links to the global
economy and the relationship between paths of economic development and political
structures. Specific attention will be paid to the transition from military
dictatorships to civilian democracies, the challenge of illegally armed groups and
criminal organizations to stability in the region, and the current bifurcated
development path between countries pursuing market-oriented growth policies and
those engaged in inward-led growth and resource nationalism.

The goal of the course is to familiarize students with the theoretical and operational
variables confronting global decision-makers since the end of the Cold War, with
special focus on the Americas. It is intended to provide a strong point of reference
for understanding economic and political developments in other regions of the
world and to provide a framework for analyzing future decisions that will confront
policy-makers. The course will help strengthen student skills in advocating
theoretical and policy positions -- both orally and in writing.

Requirements

-- 4 short essays, 2-3 pages in length each, analyzing a key theme developed during
the course and advocating theoretical or policy positions on these themes. Each
essay is 10% of the final grade = 40%

-- 2 written papers 7 - 10 pages, each worth 20% of the final grade =40%. The
papers will focus on the topics covered in the course that the student wishes to
investigate in greater detail. Papers should be based on a variety of sources and
elaborate a theme or thesis developed by the student in line with the orientation of
the class. The teacher needs a hard copy as well as an electronic version. Students
will prepare a brief outline of their topics to share with the instructors before
commencing their research.
-- Each student will give four-minute verbal presentations to the class summarizing
the key points and policy positions on two (2) of their essays. One-half of the class
will give verbal presentations on the due date of each of the four essays, alternating
by alphabetical order. Each of the two verbal presentations counts for 5% of the
total grade = 10%

-- Participation in and leadership of class discussion. Each student (in a team of

two) will lead class discussion during the first half of one class. Total grade = 10%
(including overall class discussion participation).

Essay 1: Due Thursday, January 16th : Topic: Globalization: Pro and Cons

Essay 2: Due Thursday,, January 22: Topic: Capitalism in a Globalized World

Essay 3: Due Thursday, February 13: Topic: Trends in economic policy or

governance in Latin America - regionally or in one country.

Essay 4: Due Tuesday, February 25: Topic: policy position advocacy on a key
future course of action, either regionally or in one country in Latin America.

Classes and Readings

PART I – ASPECTS OF GLOBALIZATION

This first part of the course will be dedicated to get a better understanding of
the term ‘globalization’ and its impact on economy, society and social values.
We will discuss the book Saving Capitalism (2015) by Robert Reich.

Class 1: Tuesday, January 7: Introduction and expectations

Class 2: Thursday, January 9: What is Globalization?

- Florida, Richard (2005) ‘The World is Spiky’ in The Atlantic Monthly, Oct.2005,
pp.48-51
 - Frieden, J. (2006) Global Capitalism. Its Fall and Rise in the Twentieth Century.
Prologue. W. W. Norton

- Friedman, Thomas (2005) The World is Flat. Farrar, Strauss and Giroux

- Gopinath, C. (2008) Globalization. A Multidimensional System. Ch.2. Sage

Publications

- Slaughter, M. (2007) “A New Deal For Globalization.” Foreign Affairs

- Wheelan, Charles (2010) “Trade and Globalization: The Good News About
Asian Sweatshops” in Naked Economics, Norton

- Reich, R. (2015) Saving Capitalism, pp. 1-47

Class 3: Tuesday, January 14h, The Impact of Globalization on Culture and

Society

Class discussion led by Team #1

- Cowen, Tyler (2002/2012) “Why Hollywood Rules the World, and Whether
We Should Care” in The Globalization Reader edited by Lechner and Boli NO

- Fukuyama, Francis (1989) The End of History? The National Interest

- Harrison, Lawrence (2003/2012) “Promoting Progressive Cultural Change”

in The Globalization Reader edited by Lechner and Boli

- North, D.C. (1994) Economic Performance Through Time, in The American

Economic Review Vol. 84 Number 3 (359 – 368)

- Tomlinson, John (1991/2012) Cultural Imperialism in The Globalization

Reader edited by Lechner and Boli, Wiley Blackwell NO

- Werhane, Patricia (2000) “Exporting Mental Models: Global Capitalism in the

21st Century,” in Business Ethics Quarterly, Vol. 10, Issue 1, pp.353-362
- SEN. Asian Values
- Huntington Clash of civilization

- Reich, R. (2015) Saving Capitalism, pp. 48-86

Class 4: Thursday, January 16th Culture and Globalization

Essay #1 due and presentation by group A

- De Soto Hernando (2001) Interview found on ‘Commanding Heights’

- De Soto Hernando (2009) Interview, in The Whitehead Journal of Diplomacy and

International Relations

- Sen, Amartya (1998) “Human Rights and Asian Values,” in Ethics and
International Affairs, pp.170-193

- Watson, James (2012) “McDonald’s in Hong Kong,” in The Globalization Reader

edited by Lechner and Boli

- Reich, R. (2015) Saving Capitalism, pp. 89-114

Class 5: Tuesday, January 21th Capitalism

- Bassiri, G and Marc Jones (1993) Adam Smith and the Ethics of
Contemporary Capitalism, in Journal of Business Ethics, 12, 621 - 627

- Hayek, F.A., (1945), The Use of Knowledge in Society, in American Economic

Review, XXXV, No. 4 (September 1945), 519-30

- Himmelfarb, Gertrude (2001) The Idea of Compassion: The British vs. the
French Enlightenment

- Rosenberg, Nathan (1960). Some Institutional Aspects of the Wealth of

Nations. The Journal of Political Economy. Vol. 68. Issue 6, (Dec. 1960), pp.
557-570.

- Smith, Adam (1759/1982) The Theory of Moral Sentiments. Liberty Fund

reprint, Indiana (selected chapters).

- Smith, Adam. (1776/1991) The Wealth of Nations. Prometheus Books, New

York (selected chapters).
 - Swanson, Paul (2013) International Trade (Ch.20) in An Introduction to
Capitalism; Routledge; London and New York

- Reich, R. (2015) Saving Capitalism, pp. 115-132

Class 6: Thursday, January 23nd Marxism and Critique

Essay #2 due and presentation by group B

Class discussion led by Team #2

- Friedman, Milton and Rose (1979), Free to Choose, Chs. 1 and 2, Harcourt
Press

- Cardoso, Fernando H. (1972/2015), Dependency and Development in Latin

America, in The Globalization and Development Reader edited by J. Timmons
Roberts, Hite and Chorev

- Frank, Gunder (1969/2015) The Development of Underdevelopment, in The

Globalization and Development Reader edited by J. Timmons Roberts, Hite and
Chorev

- Hayek, F.A. (1976), The Atavism of Social Justice, in New Studies in Philosophy,
Politics, Economics, and the History of Ideas, Chicago Press

- Marx: A Communist Manifesto

- Postscript to Marxian Economics

- Reich, R. (2015) Saving Capitalism, pp. 133-167

Class 7: Tuesday, January 28th Problems of Globalization and NAFTA

Class discussion led by Team #3

- Articles on Nafta: TBA

- Babb, Sarah (2012) “The Washington Consensus as Transnational Policy

Paradigm: It’s Origins, Trajectory and Likely Successor,” in The Globalization
 and Development Reader edited by Roberts Timmons, Amy Bellone Hite, and
Nitsan Chorev; Wiley-Blackwell, 2015

- Stigliz, Joseph (2006) “Globalization and Its Discontents: The Promise of

Global Institutions,” in Beyond Borders, edited by Rothenberg Paula, Worth

- Stiglitz, Joseph (2006) Making Globalization Work ,in

http://www.cceia.org/resources/transcripts/5397.html/:pf_printable?

- Williamson, John (2003) “From Reform Agenda to Damaged Brand Name: A

Short History of the Washington Consensus and Suggestions for What to Do
Next,” in Finance and Development 10-3

- Reich, R. (2015) Saving Capitalism, pp. 168-202

Class 8: Thursday, January 30th A Globalized Economy

Class discussion led by Team #4

- Bardhan, Pranab (2008) “China and India,” in The Globalization and

Development Reader edited by Roberts Timmons, Amy Bellone Hite, and
Nitsan Chorev; Wiley-Blackwell, 2015

- Berger,Suzanne (2005) How We Compete. Selected chapters. Currency

- Berger, Suzanne (2013) Making in America. Selected chapters. MIT Press

- Fallow, James (2012) “China Makes, the World Takes,” in The Globalization
Reader edited by Lechner and Boli, Wiley Blackwell

- Mattson C., Ayer and Gerson (2004) “The Maquilas in Guatemala” in Beyond
Borders edited by Rothenberg P, Worth Publishers

- Maquilas in Mexico
- Youtube When Wal Mart leaves small towns behind (PBS)

- Reich, R. (2015) Saving Capitalism, pp. 203-222

Class 9: Tuesday, February 4th Consumerism, Ethics and Globalization

Final paper due on Tuesday, February 11th latest!

- Arnold, Denis, Norman Bowie (2003) “Sweatshops and Respect for Persons,”
Business Ethics Quarterly, Vol. 13, No.2, Employment (April 2003), pp.221-
242)

- Friedman, Milton (1970) “The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase

Its Profits,’ in New York Times Magazine, September 13, 1970

- Friedman M, John Mackey and G. Rodgers (2005) Rethinking the Social

Responsibility of Businesses, in Reason

- Galbraith, John K (1976) The Affluent Society, Ch. 11, Mifflin, Boston

- Hayek, F.A. (1961) “The Non Sequitur of the "Dependence

Effect," in Southern Economic Journal, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 346-348

- Munier, Francis and Zhao Wang (2005) “Consumer Sovereign and

Consumption Routine: A Reexamination of the Galbraithian
Concept of the Dependence Effect,” in Journal of Post Keynesian
Economics / Fall 2005, Vol. 28, No. 1 65

PART II: Democracy, Development and Globalization in Latin America

Class 10: Thursday, February 6: "Globalization or inward-led growth? Latin

America's conundrum, 1870-1990"
--Victor Bulmer-Thomas, The Economic History of Latin America since Independence,
third edition, 2014, Cambridge University Press,

Chapter 1: "Latin American Economic Development, an Overview": pp. 1-19.

Chapter 12: "Conclusions," pp. 436-457.

--Sebastiaá n Edwards, Latin America's Decline, A long Historical View, working papers
#15171, National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2009, pp. 1-32 (available
online).

Class 11: Tuesday, February 11th : "The Washington Consensus, China and the
Commodity Boom in Latin America, 1990-2016.

Class discussion led by Team #5

--Peter H. Smith, Talons of the Eagle, Latin America, the United States, and the World,
fourth edition, Oxford University Press, 2013, Chaper 9: "The 1990s: Hegemony
and Geoeconomics," pp. 205-225 and Chapter 10: "Latin America: Playing the
Geoeconomic Game," pp. 226-245.

--Eduardo Bolio et al, "A Tale of two Mexicos: Growth and prosperity in a two-speed
economy" McKinsey Global Institute Report, March 2014, Executive Summary, pp. 1-
19. (available online)

--Ted Piccone, “The Geopolitics of China’s Rise in Latin America” Brookings

Institution, Geoeconomics and Global Issues, Paper 2, November 2016, pp. 1-24
(available online).

Class 12: Thursday, February 13th : The Populist Reaction to Market-Based

Economic Policy"

Essay #3 Due: Oral Presentations by Group A

--Sebastiaá n Mazzuca, "Natural Resources Boom and Institutional Curses in the New
Political Economy of Latin America" in Jorge I. Domíánguez and Michael Shifter,
Constructing Democratic Governance in Latin America, 4th edition, Johns Hopkins
University Press, 2013, pp. 102-126.

--Rauá l L. Madrid, “The rise of Ethnopopulism in Latin America” in World Politics, #60,
April 2008, pp. 475-508.
--Kurt Weyland, “Latin America’s Authoritarian Drift, the Threat from the Populist
Left,” in the Journal of Democracy, July 2013, pp. 18-32. (available online)

Class 13: Tuesday, February 18th : “Venezuela: Populism to Authoritarian

Control”

Class Discussion Led by Team #6

--Angel E. Alvarez, "Venezuela- Political Governance and Regime Change by Electoral

Means" in Jorge I Domíánguez and Michael Shifter, eds, Constructing Democratic
Governance in Latin America, 4th edition, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013, pp.
316-339.

--Congressional Research Service: Venezuela: Background and U.S. Relations,

Updated June 4, 2019, pp. 1-35. (available online)

Class 14: Thursday, February 20th : “Strategi Partnership or a Wall? Mexico and
the United States.

Class Discussion Led by Team #7

--Congressional Research Service: “Mexico, Background and U.S. Relations,”

Updated May 2, 2019, pp. 1-37. (available online)

--Andrew Selee: “A New Migration Agenda between the U.S. and Mexico,” report
from the Woodrow Wilson Center for Scholars, Washington, D.C. January 2017, pp. 1-
14, (available online at the Wilson Center site).

Class 15: Tuesday, February 25th : “Security Threats in Latin America Today:
Drugs, Crime and Terrorism”

Essay #4 Due: Oral Presentations by Group B

--Mark P. Sullivan and June S. Beittel, “Latin America: Terrorism Issues”

Congressional Research Service Report, December 15, 2016 (available online).
--Bruce Bagley, “Drug Trafficking and Organized Crime in the Americas” in Major
Trends in the 21st Century, Woodrow Wilson Center for Scholars, August 2013, pp. 1-
20 (available online).

--Lucíáa Dammert, “Security Challenges for Latin American Governance” in Jorge

Domíánguez and Michael Shifter, editors, Constructing Democratic Governance in
Latin America, 4th edition, 2013, pp. 78-102.

Class 16: Thursday, February 27th : "Colombia and the threat of state failure"

Class Discussion Led by Team #8

--Robert H. Holden and Eriz Zolov, editors: Latin America and the United States: A
Documentary History: Second Edition: 2011: Document No. 132: "The Drug War:
Plan Colombia" pp, 378-381.

--Peter DeShazo, Johanna Mendelson Forman and Philip McLean, Countering Threats
to Security and Stability in a Failing State: Lessons from Colombia: Center for
Strategic and International Studies, 2009, (available online). pp. 3-26; 33-71.

--author name redacted, “Colombia’s Peace Process through 2016,” Congressional

Research Service Report, December 31, 2016, pp. 15-37 (available online).

Class 17: Tuesday, March 3rd : “U.S. – Latin America Relations in the Age of
Trump”

--Various Authors: Latin America and the Caribbean: Issues for the 115 th Congress,
Congressional Research Service Report, October 4, 2018, pp. 1-42 (available online).

Class 18: Thursday, March 5th : "Latin America Looks Ahead”

--Sergio Bitar, Why and How Latin America Should think About the Future. Inter-
American Dialogue, 2013: pp. 1-42. (available online)

Tuesday, March 5th : Paper # 2 due.