FAITH CHRISTIAN SCHOOL

SILVA ST. PHASE 7 VISTA VERDE EXEC. VILL. CAINTA, RIZAL,

CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

A family may influence a student's behavior either negatively or

positively both at childhood and adulthood. A lack of supervision and the absence of close
relationship between the student and his or her parents are factors that influence
delinquency. Having a broken family lives the student thinking that he or she lives in his
own. It has a big impact on the student. The influence of family background on the students’
academic performance.

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Levin (2001), states that parents are probably the actors with the clearest dimensional
interest in a high level of their children are in academic performance. To some extent there
is simple evidence to show that marital instability brings about stress, tension, lack of
motivation and frustration. Obviously these manifestations act negatively on a child’s
academic performance. Family background tends to a negative association with the
academic success whereas parental engagement like volunteering in most cases should be
positive correlations. Similarly, the relations between families and academic achievement
also need to consider children’s family structure. A mother does homework with her children
and it is generally acknowledged that family environment is the most powerful influence in
determining the child’s academic motivation and achievement. It is important to note that
education process and success is positively impacted by favorable home learning
opportunities such as parents encouraging that their children have the right feeding, have
security, and are happy and calm. They further reported that creating a positive physical
and mental atmosphere in the home helps to prepare students to be ready and able to
learn. A parent child relationship characterized by nurturing, acceptance and
encouragement as well as parents’ responsiveness to the child needs correlates with
positive academic performance. However according to the University of Minnesota
extension parental overprotectiveness, authoritarianism, disapproval and punishment often
have a negative relationship with students’ academic performance. The relationship family
socio-economic status and the academic performance has been well established in
sociological research. In East Africa the demand for secondary education has been
increasing over time due to increase in enrolment of pupils in primary schools. It has
resulted into overcrowding of classrooms and general lack of scholastic materials that has
necessitated the involvement of parents to cater for the learning of their children.
Involvement of the parents will make students achieve more, exhibit more positive attitudes
and behavior and feel more comfortable in the environment. Parents being the first teachers
and the caretakers of the home, the home environment shapes the child’s initial views of
learning, parents’ beliefs, expectations and attitudes about education affect their children’s
conception of the place of education in their values.

The University of New Hempshire cooperative Extension explains a broken family can affect
different aspects of a child’s development, including her age at the time of the separation of
the parents. Although infants and young children may experience few negative effects while
developing. Teenagers will be affected in their social, emotional and educational functioning

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A study by Margot Galang (2015) on the Implication of Broken Marriages to Filipino Children,
the common reasons for separating Filipino couples include financial issues, lack of
communication, infidelity and domestic violence. Clinical and therapists note that children
caught during separation in the middle of the animosity of the parent have problems of
attention and concentration, academic problems, anger issues, sleep disorders and other
psychological, behavioral and spiritual problems. Katherine R. Oyson (2017) states that one
of the most common negative effects of divorce on children is that their education can be
severely disrupted. In their little minds, they have plenty of emotions floating around, negative
feelings, fears, disappointment, anxiety – you name it, they probably experience it at the time
of divorce. She also listed some of the negative effects on the children.

•Health problems. If your kids are young, divorce could result in child suffering from health
problems like frequent headaches. Asthma is also associated with parental divorce. It’s the
psychological stress of the situation that could lead to the onset and suffering of asthma,
and if your child already has asthma, it could aggravate the condition.

•Shyness. Shyness and lack of social skills is a common trait that kids from a broken home
acquire. This is more common with kids who are caught in the middle of a messy divorce.
This drastic change in your child’s life could cause your child to withdraw into his/her own
shell. It may be due to the feelings of guilt and shame – your child finding a way to blame
his/herself for the divorce – this could very well cause your child to develop a shy
personality.
•Lack of self-confidence. Shyness and lack of self-confidence go hand in hand when it
comes to describing feelings your child may experience as a result of a divorce.

•Suicidal thoughts. This one’s extreme, this one’s rare, but it is a possibility. Suicidal
thoughts arise because of depression –kids who feel everything in life is going downhill, a
situation they can’t envisage getting any better.

•Academic development. One of the most common negative effects of divorce on kids is
that their schooling can be severely disrupted. They’ve got plenty of thoughts bouncing
around in their little heads, negative feelings, worries, sadness, anxiety – you name it,
they’re probably experiencing it at the time of divorce.

•Nightmares. Night terrors usually occur as a result of something that’s happening in our
lives. Kids tend to suffer more nightmares than adults. Kids have a vivid imagination, lots of
fears-whether they’re scared of the dark or a monster under the bed – parents splitting up
can exacerbate these fears.

Review of Related Studies

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A Thesis from Noligen Baguio,Karem Bocboc,Banissa Teresita and Angelica Gordo (2015)
explains that a broken family can affect different aspects of a child’s development. A broken
family have negative effects on many things on a child’s development. The effects of it is
based on many factors such as the age of the child on the time of the parent’s separation,
and on the personality and family relationships. Although the development of the infants and
young children can be negatively affected, the social, emotional and educational functioning
of the older children and teenager will be affected and have a big impact. Kids from pre-
school through late adolescence can exhibit deficits in emotional development following a
divorce. Psychologist Laurie Rappaport explain children of all ages may seem tearful or
sad, a state that can last for many years after a child's parents have divorced. In addition,
some older kids may show very little emotional reaction to divorce from their parents. This
might not be developmentally beneficial according to Lori Rappaport. In fact, some children
who show little emotional response are actually bottling up their negative feelings. This
emotional suppression makes it difficult for parents, teachers and therapists to help the child
process her feelings. Another common way that parent’s separation can affect a child and
lower lowered academic performance. The emotional stress of a divorce alone can be
enough to stunt your child’s academic progress, but the lifestyle changes and instability of a
broken family can contribute to poor educational outcomes. This poor academic success
may be due to a number of factors including home environment volatility, insufficient
financial resources and inconsistent routines.

Divorce influences the social relationships of the children in several ways. First, some kids
act out their frustration about their broken family by acting aggressively and engaging in
bullying behavior, both of which can have a negative impact on peer relations. Many children
may experience anxiety which may make it difficult for them to pursue positive social
experiences and participate in development-friendly activities such as adolescent sports.
They also said that divorce, by its very definition, shifts not only the structure of the family,
but also its dynamics. Even if you and your spouse have an amicable divorce, simply creating
two new households will permanently alter family interactions and roles. Based on the new
living arrangements, your children may need to perform more duties and take on additional
roles in the basic functioning of the new household. In addition, in some broken families, older
children may have a parental role to play while engaging with younger siblings because of
the work schedules of their parents or the inability to be involved in the way that the parents
were before the divorce.