LAGUNA UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Emmanuel F. Malihan Jr.

Harries Rill B. Macalatan

Rhomnel P. Saguinsin
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DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

Almost every aspect of our lives and the world around us seems to be transformed
by the potential that the data and the analysis of that data hold for the services and
products we use and the activities we undertake. Businesses and utilities are conducting
analytics to help drive more informed decisions, to gain a better understanding of their
consumers and clients, and to make sense of the' big data' created by all these interactions
and actions. There is no limit to the potential: from health to education and from
government to business.
Likewise, analytics are constantly being used by individuals to help improve their
performance and perception of themselves. The' quantified self' collects information from
behaviors as diverse as exercise, sport, sleep, and general well-being. Such common
apps and services allow data collection and analysis to help improve efficiency in whatever
way you're trying to achieve, whether it's running, sleeping or working productivity. The
goal of this project is to explore the potential of analytics at institutional and organizational
level: how analytics can allow a better understanding of your clients, inform decision-
making and help drive new services.
In accordance to the situation, the programmers come up with an idea to develop
a system that will help make the life of the librarian better, more efficient and easier. The
Laguna University Library Management System with Data Analytics is a system that
handles and stores data books digitally according to student needs. The system helps
students and the library director keep track of all the books available in the library. It allows
both the administrator and the student to search for the book they want.
Colleges need to keep a continuous check on books issued and returned, and
even calculate the availability of books. This task, if carried out manually, will be time-
consuming and includes the chances of error. Such errors will be avoided by allowing the
system to keep track of information such as the date of issue, the last date on which the
book was returned, and even the number of times the book was borrowed with information,
and thus there is no need to maintain a manual track of this information, thus eliminating
the possibility of error.
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Libraries, archives, museums and galleries are ideally positioned to exploit the full
potential of analytics. Libraries and the cultural sector more broadly have long been
familiar with the ability of statistics and data to support everything from program creation
to effect and quality assessment (both locally within the organization and globally–and
even internationally). Software uses are equally varied and overlapping, including
management roles (developing and maintaining collections, usage statistics), effect
(demonstration of quality, benchmarking, improvement of learning outcomes) and
improvement of products and compliance with user requirements (recommendation
services, collection management / development). While this variety of sources and
applications is reflective of the importance of information for organizations such as
libraries, it also highlights multifaceted data collection and evaluation processes and
practices. Such activities are often unique to the local institution and its library,
representing both the availability of information in its local systems and the specific uses
and types of data that support the particular institution and its users. These local variations
and challenges would, by themselves, be sufficient to make this a difficult landscape to
traverse, but there are also significant external factors conspiring within analytics. These
complexities include access to and ownership of information, formats and standards,
confidentiality and ethical implications.

Project Context

A university library should always have a library management system, not just for
the librarian, but for the benefit of all library users. The Laguna University (LU) was created
by Provincial Ordinance No.1, S 2006 on February 15, 2006 to provide access to quality
education for Laguna's underprivileged students. Laguna Provincial Government is
subsidizing the school.
With Laguna University's course offerings, a library was organized in June 2006 to
fulfill the institution's goals; to provide books and other resources for the university's
curriculum offerings, and more importantly, to provide students and faculty with effective
and efficient library and information services.
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Book donations are received from the University of the Philippines College of Arts
and Sciences-Manila; the Philippines-Los Baños Library University, the Philippines-Asia
Book Foundation, and the Philippines-World Bank. Individual personal contributions from
school administrators, faculty and staff, and some from university students, were also
provided.
The Library of Congress Classification (LC) lists books and other library resources.
The Library maintains an open-shelf system that provides users with direct access to the
resources that users need. The LU Library has its own standards that represent the
members of libraries as rules and regulations.
The Library is situated in the second building of Oreta-Lazaro, RECS City,
Bubukal, Santa Cruz, Laguna. It has a seating capacity of 50 readers and is open Monday
through Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., no lunch break. A divided catalog is provided by
the library: the author, the title and the subject that serves as an index for library
collections.
The LU Technical Working Group has acquired a total of 78 titles covering 390
volumes of Filipiniana books, the subject areas include books on social sciences, science,
technology and humanities.
The Laguna University Library is one of the examples of a library that uses a
traditional manual method when it comes to procedures, including records of books,
availability, number of copies of books, returns and borrowings, and history logs of users
entering the facility. Although the Laguna University Library was founded in 2006, a variety
of library systems have been proposed and none have yet been introduced. The common
reason why previous systems have not been adopted is due to a lack of usability and a
lack of communication from past designers to the librarian who will be using the program
itself.
The device records all student attendance by using the Data Matrix on the Library
Card. A Data Matrix is a two-dimensional code composed of black and white cells or dots
arranged in a square or rectangular pattern, also known as a matrix.
This method eliminates manual work, thus, to a large extent allowing the smooth
flow of library operations by eliminating the possibility of errors in information. Data matrix
technology is widely used as a medium to deliver messages to end users. The data matrix
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DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

is mainly used by libraries to support their services. Nowadays, data matrix software is
commonly used by many libraries to provide quick access to their resources.
The Laguna University Library Management System with Data Analytics is a
software program that manages the basic and systematic organization of functions in the
library. The system would provide basic features for adding and updating student
information, adding and updating information on books, searching for books, and
managing check-in and check-out processes and reports.

Purpose and Description

The importance of the Laguna University Library Management System with Data
Analytics is to improve the performance of the library with regard to the management and
flow of information in the library. The existing Laguna University Manual Library System
will be converted into a fast, usable, secure and accurate computer-assisted library
system.
Librarian. A computerized system that will help the librarian manage, record and
monitor books in the library with ease. The system will notify the librarian if the borrowed
book(s) are already on their due date. A new form of library card will be made to help
reduce the paperwork of the librarian, with the new feature that the librarian will not have
to cut the paper for a library card. The Librarian just needs to check the data matrix of the
newly designed Library Card for updating the Library Card and for borrowing and returning
books. The program also interfaces with an existing relational database that stores
information about library users (students and staff).
Students and Faculty. Instead of time-consuming writing full names, courses,
time, and user signatures, the effortless yet simple way users log in is one of the key
features of the system. The data matrix that can be found at the back of the library card
will act as a day-to-day log in library password, so no more printing, all users have to do
is check the data matrix and that's it. The client will have a record of what the user does
and when the user goes to the library.
Researchers. This system will help researchers to improve their knowledge and
skills in this particular study.
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DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Future Researchers. This program will be of great benefit to future researchers

as a great tool and guide for future improvements.

Objectives of the study

The main objective of the Laguna University Library Management System with
Data Analytics is to provide a medium for public libraries to computerize their entire
functioning and, as a first step, to digitize their libraries with a function that will not only
help library staff but also make it easier for library users to quickly obtain information,
promote time-saving transactions.
Specifically, this study aims to establish a library system to enhance student
transaction.

1. Include tracking of the range of items to provide detailed overview reports on

demand inventory.
2. Developing a library management system for librarians ' convenience.
3. Developing a system that can update and monitor the library's books.
4. Develop a system capable of providing convenient access and timely reports.
5. To develop a user-friendly system.
6. To evaluate the overall performance to develop the Library Management System
with Data Analytics in Laguna University using ISO 20010 : 2011 in terms of:
6.1 Functionality;
6.2 Usability;
6.3 Performance;
6.4 Reliability; and
6.5 Security
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DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Scope and Limitations

The said framework being developed by the programmers is about the creation of
the Laguna University library. Using Data Analytics, the Laguna University Library
Management System can retrieve data from previous books, the admin and the user can
search for a book by name, book number, and author. All files are secured and have one
user and one admin level only. An admin will insert and track borrowed books that are
overdue. It can add books, switch files, attach and uninstall new categories of books, then
print reports for borrowed books and a data matrix library card and has a print preview
feature, has a kiosk for users to check for availability and number of book copies, and has
an analytical report on the system inside the facility. The system can keep student and
book records and determine how many books are issued, as well as the number of books
available in the library. Work is also limited by researchers ' time, funds and resources.
Work is constrained due to the time period and the research project's allocated budget.
The constraint is also based on the availability at the time of the data collection period of
the respondents. During data collection, for instance, it was difficult to find client
participants as some client groups were on a plant trip. In addition, due to the lack of
computers and lack of internet connection, the turn-around time of formal responses from
respondents in the public library had to be considered. To ensure timely delivery of the
outputs, teamwork was required. Such a program will only apply to the University of
Laguna. Therefore, it can only handle one user at a time by having a kiosk that will reduce
the time for logging users. The Data Analytics Library Management System at Laguna
University does not have the ability to give a corresponding effect or penalty fines and
does not print receipts whenever a penalty is charged. There is no book reservation. In
case of power interruption, the current transaction does not have a backup and recovery
capability.
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DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Technical Background

The researchers’ used .NET framework served as the backbone in creating

windows forms and objects. Guna framework as one of the sub frameworks are DLL
powered tools to help the developers create awesome interfaces for desktop applications.
Great user experience in apps is guaranteed and development time reduced. The DLLs
are installed and built on top of WinForms in .NET environment. This allows developers to
drag and drop coding faster. The researchers used data visualization Framework for
C#.NET that empowers creation of impressive dashboards. The designers will get the
platform's best-in-class tools and services with Visual Studio 2019. ZXing (“Zebra
Crossing”) is used by the researchers to make barcodes for the library. It also forms the
basis of the barcode scanner device from the system and is incorporated into users’ logs
and book data. AForge. NET is an open source C # framework designed for image
processing to be used for one of the requirements for the library card. C# is mostly used
with .NET framework to design forms, applications, windows applications for the system.
MySQL Workbench is a cohesive graphical resource for designers, developers, and DBAs
in the server. MySQL Workbench provides data modeling, SQL creation, and extensive
database configuration management tools, user management, backup, and more. Adobe
Photoshop CS6 is used to design the system interface. Adobe PDF Viewer software is a
third party software that allows user to view and print PDF documents reliably. It is the
only PDF viewer capable of opening and interacting with all PDF content types including
forms.

Related Literatures and Studies

Foreign Literature

According to Ayodeji Iwayemi (May 2019) the process of handling library activities
manually is accompanied with time wastage and unnecessary stress. With regard to the
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aforementioned, the computerized system of handling library activities makes most

effective use of existing library manpower and resources for the benefit of users.
When implementing GS1 Data Matrix, a choice of symbol form must be made
(based upon configuration support, available space on the product type, amount of data
to encode, the printing process, etc.). It is possible to encode the same data in two forms
of GS1 Data Matrix. The square form is the most commonly used and enables the
encoding of the largest amount of data according to ISO / IEC 16022 Information
technology – Automatic Identification and data capture techniques – Data Matrix barcode
symbology specification. However, the rectangular form with its limited height is better
suited to some high-speed printing techniques, and to unusual printing spaces. (Jan 2018)
Library is a collection of sources of information and similar resources, made
accessible to a defined community for reference or borrowing. Thus, the process of
handling a library manually is very troublesome and clumsy. As regards to this point of
view, the computerized system for handling the activities of library management provides
a comprehensive way to lessen physical labor, to reduce complexity of the manual system
and soon. This project work aims to design and implement a computerized library
management system. The library management system was design and implemented
using the HTML (Hypertext mark-up language), CSS (Cascading style sheet), PHP
(Hypertext pre-processor) and My SQL database. The system was developed using the
V-Model software development approach. An extensive evaluation of the project
determines that the project achieved many of its predefined objectives. Adebesin tobi tosin
(CSC/11/0266)
When implementing GS1 Data Matrix, a choice of symbol form must be made
(based upon configuration support, available space on the product type, amount of data
to encode, the printing process, etc.). It is possible to encode the same data in two forms
of GS1 Data Matrix. The square form is the most commonly used and enables the
encoding of the largest amount of data according to ISO / IEC 16022 Information
technology – Automatic Identification and data capture techniques – Data Matrix barcode
symbology specification. However, the rectangular form with its limited height is better
suited to some high-speed printing techniques, and to unusual printing spaces. (Jan 2018)
Information Technology (IT) can be an important component for innovation as
enables e-learning and it can provide conditions for an organization to be able to work with
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new businesses and improved processes. In this regard, Learning Management Systems
(LMS) allow communication and interaction between teachers and students in virtual
spaces. However, the literature indicates that there are gaps in research, especially
concerning the use of IT for the management of e-learning. The purpose of this paper is
to analyze the available literature about the application of LMS for the e-learning
management, seeking to present possibilities for research in the field. An integrative
literature review was performed considering the Web of Science, Scopus, Ebsco and
Scielo databases, where 78 references were found, of which 25 were full papers. By
eliminating duplication, 14 papers remained, which came to constitute the portfolio of the
study. The analysis of the papers allowed to conclude that the most frequent research
strategy was the quantitative survey was the most used research design; the most
frequent categories in the studied educational platforms belong to Instructional Resources
and the less frequently ones belong to Interface and, most of the studies are related to
administrative function control; LMS in e-learning management is still incipiently discussed
in the literature. This analysis derives interesting characteristics from scientific studies,
highlighting gaps and guidelines for future research, including learning analytics. The main
contribution of this paper is related to the management of e-learning using LMS. (Paulo
Cristiano de Oliveira, Cristiano Jose Castro de Almeida Cunha, Marina Keiko Nakayama
Aug. 2016)
“The Future of Identity Verification - 2016” by Robert Capps. When the idea of
networked computing was first developed, security really was the last thing on
programmers minds then, when it became clear that it was desirable to lock away some
sensitive information a basic username and password system was developed but now as
we move more and more critical business online, the risks and attacks mounted against
such a decrepit and inadequate system are apparent. As an industry, we have responded
by bolting on a huge-podge of work around designed to provide identity verification
including active and passive biometrics but the reality is we have just added more
complexity without adding effective security. What we need is less chewing gum and duct-
tape security and a whole lot more imagination and innovation to revolutionize online user
authentication.
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Secured Library Management System (LMS) for Public Library of Jaffna, Sri Lanka
(July 24, 2016) Digitalization helps to reduce the paper documentation and enable quick
access without any corruption of data or information.
According to E.Valenti (2016) from the article, entitled “The State of Library
Management Systems” are systems that helps big in terms of some transactions on the
library. On this article, the automated library systems said that it could do multi-tasking. It
can do recording books on library but it can also make different transactions. It will make
the library service convenient like making card cataloging. Therefore, multitasking inside
the library is very nice. The system will be the one who records all the transactions inside
the library so it decreases the tasks of the librarian so it can avoid the cases of lost records
due to human errors.
Sarawut Markchit, (2015) developed a system to identify the problem and obtain
necessary requirements data from the librarians, analyse the obtain data, design and
develop the system and conduct an assessment or survey from the users of library
resources service through websites and mobile systems with web services with regards
overall performance of Suratthani Rajabhat University Central Library. The system was
able to acquire material as quickly as possible, maintain a high level of accuracy in all
work procedures, and keep work processes simple, in order to achieve the lowest possible
unit cost and develop close, friendly working relationships with other library units and
vendors. In his methodology, he was able to make use qualitative methods using
structured interviews. Information are gathered by the virtue of this. The system was
developed using some instruments used for the development which were visual studio
.NET (ASP.NET) for web-based application, HTML5 for mobile application, web-service
for data communication with the component and connected to staff system of this
University, Microsoft SQL server for database management and longest matching
algorithm for data retrieval.
VIlludo(2015) states that computer systems and software in support to the
organizations services is a tool for productivity, effectiveness and improved services.
Business data is similarly important with human resources in an organization. The
researchers agreed with this statement, with the developed system, the subject of the
study improved their all over services and transaction.
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Academic libraries play an important role in the institutions they serve. The core
objective of academic libraries is to support the parent institution to achieve its objectives.
The purpose of the study was to identify the information needs of graduate students and
assess the satisfaction level of the students towards the library services. Upon the basis
of findings strong user-oriented hands on training are recommended, as majority of the
first-year students from both faculties are lack of ICT skills. Better ICT skills are necessary
for effective handling of EIR, Therefore, in order to raise the awareness in accessing EIR,
more vigorous campaigns are of dire necessity. It can be suggested to both libraries to
revive modes and timing of providing access to EIR. Future research is required to identify
particular group of students who are indeed in need of training, in order to improve ICT
skills. (Ms.S.Vijeyaluxmy 2015)

Local Literature

Highly flexibility due to its widespread use internationally Indispensable

identification system for international transport, POS, etc. High Speed Processing An
effective tool for classification processes in high speed production lines etc. Great variety
of models. There are a variety of different readers, including the Pen model, Handy model,
Stationary model, CCD model, laser model and camera model etc. Visible Information by
printing characters in addition to the barcode, it is possible to confirm information just by
looking at it. (OMRON Corporation 2018)
Automation is indeed important in this fast-changing world. Everything is innovated
to better standards as the world aspires to move forward and demands highly skilled
workers. Education will be at the forefront of ensuring that the workforce is ready and able
to tackle challenges that arise. Thus, one challenge that an educational institution in a
third world country like the Philippines is the automation processes in the library
information system regards to acquisition, cataloguing, and monitoring of its transactions.
Hence, this current challenge for a quality library service prompted the proponents to
conduct the study. In addressing this concern, the proponents decide to develop a LAN-
based library management system (LMS) using Barcode Reader. (Alexandra Perez May
2017)
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DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Since barcodes can carry a lot of information either by referring to the source of
information or by encoding all the information in it, they are used in several applications
like point of sale, inventory control, shipping, packaging, and data contribution. Medical
and dental complex patient forms and barcodes can help in entering the detailed
information in the computer, making it an easy task of gathering large amount of
information. It also reduces data collection costs and better services are the results.
(Surigao Del Sur State University Cagwait Campus 2016)
According to Analee E. Mayo, Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics
University of the Philippines Manila (February 2016) the Library Information System aids
in borrowing and returning books and reading materials via shopping cart and provides an
organized tool in performing library tasks and services in public high schools from basic
to complementary.
(Analee E. Mayo February 2016) Over time, information and communication
technology (ICT) have shown unprecedented changes to the services ad operations of
modern libraries. Today, carrying out library task and services through information and
communication technology (ICT) are established to complement all types of libraries, but
still unsubstantiated in the majority of school libraries. The Library Information Library
Information System aids in borrowing and returning books and reading materials via
shopping cart and provides an organized tool in performing library tasks and services in
public high schools from basic to complementary. The librarian can add newly acquired
library materials in the online catalog. Library users can easily track reading materials
usage and availability through the system. The librarian can monitor users’ overdue books
and reading materials borrowed by users. Inventory Report generation in Portable Data
Format (PDF), for submission purposes, can be done by the system without manual
counting.
“Santa Cruz Central Elementary School kiosk information system” – 2015 by
Richard Artajona, Devine Irish Donato and Aaron Arnold ramos. The system is an
enhanced and modernized process of recording teacher’s information and the teacher’s
schedule. It also broadcasts latest announcements and events, assists user with location
through map and monitor all information run within the system and stored in database.
The system can provide reliable information of teachers, announcement, events, should
administrative record and map.
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Sheperd and Yeo (2015) states that the maintenance of records are needed
because it helps to use them as evidence for actions that happened in the past. Other
uses the records as a help to face possible frauds and to protect the organization.
Accountability is one more serious thing that the keeping of records secures. Same with
the subject of the research study, GSIS Laguna is using the records as their proof and
information of their different transaction. Therefore, it is essential for the GSIS Laguna to
keep their records.
Based from the study of Beal (2015), using on-site storage is faster than using
Internet storage, because the users do not have to wait for files to upload or download.
However, on-site storage is more disposed to loss due to theft, natural disasters or device
failure. By difference, most online data storage services offer improved physical security
and automated backup abilities to make sure the data security. In relation with the E-File,
the researchers used an internet or online storage to preserve and protect the records of
GSIS.
Manikas (2015) stated that the adoption of an EDRMS and the implementation of
a proper RM affect those factors dramatically. RM and ERM facilitate employees that are
obliged to do many things in limited time and sometimes difficult. It gives them the
opportunity to have fast and easy access to the needed information. Similar with the
developed system for the GSIS Laguna is the combination of electronic filing and record
management system.
In 2015, Butuan’s public library was at risk of closing. Its usage had dwindled to a
few visitors per day, and the mayor was ready to shut down the library. However, after city
librarian Jessica Clarito joined Beyond Access, she began seeking new ways for the
library to engage its community. The library started by providing access to online
government registration for those seeking to work overseas. For many, it is complicated
to work through the numerous forms necessary to receive clearance for jobs abroad. Now
in Butuan, librarians help guide those less familiar with online services and the library’s
computers — free to all — serve as an easy access point. Since 2015, the Butuan Public
Library has helped more than 8,000 people apply for and receive their Overseas
Employment Certificate. This increase in library visitation drove more attention from the
city and new ideas for services. City departments began sending staff for digital literacy
courses. In 2016, the library trained 95 nutrition scholars from barangays around the city.
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A new Rural Impact Sourcing project launched at the library aiming to link rural residents
with digital freelancing opportunities. Now the library is applying for authorization to
change its hours to become a more convenient co-working space. Overall visitation of the
library has increased by more than 70% between 2014 and 2016, reaching over 23,000
last year. Armed with this evidence of its new value to the city and its development efforts,
the library’s budget was increased by more than 700% over the last two years, now
reaching 5m pesos.

Foreign Studies

Case studies – done by in-depth investigation about the subject; the main purpose
of this study is to come up with concrete bases in improving systems, services, programs
and facilities. Munster, I. (2016). A tale of two libraries: a merger and its challenges: a
case study.
large-scale production of perturbation-induced molecular and cellular signatures
for libraries, as well as computational tool development, integrative data analyses,
integration of external public datasets with data generated by LINCS, metadata annotation
that strictly follows the Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR)
guidelines (Wilkinson et al., 2016).
Sophia (2015) says the advantages of using a database are considerable, without
them, people would be hard-pressed to find a decent system of keeping and managing
information. File cabinets can be compromised. They can be stolen, accidentally
destroyed, or lost. A database saves time. Instead of rummaging through endless piles
paper work, simp0le query on the database can help the person obtain his desired
information. This can also ensure that all of the records about every client are accurate
and up to date. Databases add another level of security to valuable information and
become useful for a variety of purposes.
There are a number of formal and informal regional and cooperative library
arrangements in place across NSW. Collaboration is occurring between libraries and
across local government areas in a variety of ways, with groups of councils having chosen
a range of models from limited cooperation through to full integration. Many of these
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services have also expanded the level and range of services offered cooperatively or
regionally gradually over time. (2015)
There are a number of formal and informal regional and cooperative library
arrangements in place across NSW. Collaboration is occurring between libraries and
across local government areas in a variety of ways, with groups of councils having
chosen a range of models from limited cooperation through to full integration. Many of
these services have also expanded the level and range of services offered cooperatively
or regionally gradually over time. (2015)

Local Studies

All library models including collaborative ones have their limitations and issues,
though these vary to some degree with the model type. Some of these may include; the
costs of services for participating councils, the basis on which the service is funded,
potential tensions around autonomy and identity and the provision of and access to
programs and services that cater for local communities. In general, however there appears
to be strong support for regional and cooperative library services. (2018)
Another study, the “Gender Demographics and Perception in Librarianship”
authored by Patricia Mars (2018), contends that the “feminization” of the library field,
based on both the actual female majority and the unfortunate stereotypes, affected the
salaries and career potential of women librarians in America since the 19th century. Such
process also has effect of limiting gender diversity in librarianship. Nevertheless, the
situation which women dominated allowed them to engage with library missions and
influence the direction of future libraries. Librarianship became a field where women are
the driving workforce. However, social mores limit female advancement in the workplace
as women were viewed as gentle caretakers, excellent in nurturing librarian roles, but unfit
for management. Women were not frequently given leadership roles or empowered within
the system. Instead, librarianship developed the unpleasant stereotype of being “women’s
work” and additional stereotypes emerged as well, painting female librarians as dull strict
spinsters. The stereotype influenced the growth of an already female majority professional
and men still do not become librarians at nearly the same rate as women to this day.
Libraries must work to reverse the feminization of the field to banish stereotypes, allow for
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upward mobility, and increase gender diversity of librarians through graduate degree
programs that should incorporate courses in leadership and business management.
Library Science students should be trained to recognize wage inequality and leadership
bias in the field and more importantly should be trained to advocate for themselves and
for their colleagues (Mars, 2018).
There appears to be a consensus that the increased flexibility provided through
the introduction of Section 12A of the Library Act 1939 may not have been particularly
relevant or useful to many libraries. Some library services currently collaborate informally
without the need for particular legislation, while in general those services surveyed that
had adopted formal structures under other sections of the legislation did not feel the need
to adopt 12A. In addition, the introduction of joint organizations may make this the model
“template” for future inter-council cooperation including the development of additional
regional and cooperative library services. (2017)
The strategic and operational context needs to be considered when a group of
libraries and councils are considering whether to operate collaboratively and the model
type that may best suit their needs. Factors to consider may include the geographic
location, the size and demographic composition of the local and regional populations, the
relative sizes of the councils and communities involved, the political context and the nature
of the existing library services. (2017)
The relative decline in funding has also placed libraries under increasing pressure
to cut costs. The collaboration process however needs to not only address the mechanics
of achieving value for money and achieving economies of scale but also the wider potential
for increased community engagement and involvement. There is a clear appetite for
cooperation to provide better and greater services and resources to the community and
library staff as well as to continue the opportunity for people to learn and to exchange
knowledge and ideas. (2016)
According to Chona Valeros (2015), a Library Management System (LMS) is a tool
to help any libraries which are still using the old way to manage their library. The old way
like searching for a book using manual work is hassle, fast report generation is not
possible, information about issue/return of the books are not properly maintained, no
central database can be created as information is not available in database. However, by
using the LMS, user can overcome all the problems mentioned above. This system can
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manage all of the happenings of the library. Book transactions including searching
availability of the books, details and appearance of the books, personal book borrowing
history etc. can be very easily handle by this system. This system is suitable for small to
big libraries including medical and legal libraries, colleges, schools, universities, corporate
house, and other academic resource centers.
All libraries continue to experience to varying degrees the shift from being a
predominantly book-based service to one in which a variety of resources and services are
provided, including an increasing role as a ‘community lounge room’. New technologies
have affected the way libraries are accessed and used. Community members are
increasingly going to libraries to use the Internet, to access free Wi-Fi, to study
collaboratively, to attend community programs and to participate in-group activities. While
all library services have to respond to these trends, regional and collaborative libraries are
likely to have the greater strategic capacity and resources to do so. (2015)
The level of support provided by councilors was seen as being very important to
the success of regional and cooperative models. Councilors play an important role not
only in the management of library services but also through their support for the continued
operation and the provision of adequate funding by the individual councils involved in the
service. As a corollary, the library service needs high standards of transparency and
accountability in its management to gain the trust and support of councilors. (2015)
The outcomes of the FftF process are likely to have an impact on many library
services including current regional and cooperatively based services. For example,
potential amalgamations and/or the establishment of joint organizations (JOs) may occur
between CONCLUDING REMARKS 33 councils where one is located within a regional or
cooperative library service and the other is not. Consequently, there is general uncertainty
around the future impact of FftF and the identity that local communities associate with their
library service. (2015)
There are also indications that this uncertainty may be discouraging stand-alone
libraries from considering the establishment of new regional or cooperative services. On
the other hand, the proposed JOs may provide an additional regional structure for the
delivery of library services. In addition, the existing examples of library collaboration may
provide models for service delivery in other areas of council cooperation that could be
incorporated in the development of the JOs. Library buildings also provide potential
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opportunities for the colocation of other services by all levels of government, particularly
in isolated areas. (2015)

Synthesis

According to the information collected by the designers, related literature and

related studies have shown that the Library Management System with Data Analytics can
play a major role in the development of a computerized library system. The newly designed
library card will be the key to a nearly paperless library system, including borrower
information and book data.
The idea of the designers is to develop a system for the Laguna University Library
to shift its direction from manual to automated and computerized processes. The Library
Management System can help the librarian borrow and return books. Regular records and
documents can be received easily. The Data Matrix Scanner is used in the Library
Management System to update the status of a library card. The data matrix plays an
important role when it comes to students because it will act as a gateway to students’
clearance approval.
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CHAPTER III
DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
.
This chapter sets out the overall structure of the method used in the study.

Research Design

The researchers used a descriptive method because they used surveys and
interviews to better interpret the opinions of the respondents. The researchers conducted
an interview as a method for assessing the significance of the system. The researchers
used a descriptive method because they used surveys and interviews to better interpret
the opinions of the respondents. The researchers conducted an interview as a method for
assessing the significance of the system.
Developmental research has been used by researchers due to its typical stages of
planning, undertaking and reporting on research projects such as question identification,
literature reviews and study procedures.
The researchers used the project development method for this study to help
researchers develop a system based on the V-model definition as a guide through the
step-by-step process during system analysis and design.

Population and Sampling Techniques

Convenience sampling was performed in this analysis for a preliminary survey at

the University of Laguna. Convenience sampling was a sampling method used because
not all students were available at that specific time and at the same time some students
are on a plant tour. Out of the entire population, 45 student and 5 instructors from different
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departments of the campus were chosen for the study. Irrespective of their legal status
and their educational background.

Table 1. Respondents of the Study

RESPONDENTS(R) POPULATION (P) PERCENTAGE (%)

Learner 45 90%
Instructor 5 10%
Total 50 100%

Table 1 displays the total population and preliminary survey respondents in which the
researcher conducted the survey. With a total of fifty (50) respondents using a percentage
equation.

Data Collection Procedure

Researchers used observing, interviewing, and surveying data collection

processes in this study. Another source of information that helps researchers build the
process is the Internet research tool. In order to know the population, the researchers
conducted an interview with the library staff. The last method is the survey where a
questionnaire for software evaluation is provided by the researchers.

Research Instrument

Questionnaire was the principal tool used in this study. A questionnaire is an

efficient and quick way for respondents to obtain information.
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In the questionnaire, the multiple-choice type of questions was used to help

respondents respond easily.

Requirement Analysis

The researchers provide all the software required for the established system's
objectives. They held an interview with the client to find out what their program is.
Researchers are providing software to make a system. Researchers have learned that it
is necessary to have a MySQL database. Researchers need full functions and procedures
in the library. Researchers also provide Microsoft Visual Basic Studio where this is the
main software that researchers needed to build a system. Researchers need a barcode
scanner to reduce the paperwork and effort of the librarian. Researchers are providing a
connection between MySQL and Microsoft Visual Studio. Researchers are also providing
a barcode scanner.

Theoretical and Conceptual Framework

Theoretical Framework

The Theoretical Framework has served as a framework for the systematic

definition of logical, precisely defined relationship between variables. This also allows
researchers to clearly see the variables in the analysis. Researchers have used an input-
process-output diagram by Blake A. Collins and Laura Evelyn Kuserk (2012).

Input Process Output

Database
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Figure 1. Theoretical Framework

Figure 1 shows the researchers ' theoretical framework used in the study. This
figure is based on the input-process-output used as a guide by the researchers during
their study.

Conceptual Framework

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

V-Model

Requirement Analysis
 Design
 Daily Reports of  Implementation
User Log  Testing  Laguna
 Monthly and University
 Development
Annual Report Library
of inventory and  Maintenance Management
library holdings ISO25010: 2011 System with
 Scanning of  Functionality; Data Analytics
Library Card for  Usability;
 Reliability;
 Maintainability;
 Security

Database

Figure 2. Conceptual Framework

Figure 2. Shows the study's conceptual framework. Using a kiosk, the user can
access the system. The Barcode scanner is connected to the system and will be the device
used for scanning and updating library cards as well as borrowing and returning books.
By using the Data Analytics Library Management System, library staff are able to easily
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record data and track book information. The user's records will also be available to library
staff.

Requirements Documentation

The researcher notes that the use of the system development specifications is,
first, to render the installer of Microsoft Visual Basic Studio; simply install it on your laptop
or desktop. Second is the MySQL, which is used as a process database, contains system
data, input data, and retrieve data. Third is Data Matrix scanning to update student library
cards. Third, library card scanning for borrowing and returning books The last connection
between MySQL server and Microsoft Visual Basic Studio was used to create and save.

Table 2. Hardware Resources

Hardware Specification Description

The barcode reader is an optical scanner
that can read the printed barcodes,
Barcode Scanner decode the data in the barcode, and send
the data to the computer. Like a flatbed
scanner, it consists of a light source, a
lens and a light sensor that converts
optical impulses into electrical signals.

Table 2 indicates that researchers have used the hardware to implement and
improve the system. The researchers used the device to scan the data matrix on the library
card generated by the library.
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Table 3. Software Resources

Software Description
Visual Basic Studio Visual Basic Studio is a programming
language used to program the Data Analytics
Data Management System of the University of
Laguna.
MySQL workbench The MySQL workbench is used as a database
or data storage. This is linked to the Library
Management System

Table 3 shows that researchers used the following programming languages to

create and operate the system.

Table 4. Pre-Planning and Gantt chart

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Table 4 indicates the planned date and the exact date on which the researchers
made the title research proposal, the date on which the researchers began to develop,
including the system and hardware equipment, the documentation and the date on which
the researchers presented the program.

Design of Software, Systems, Product, and/or Processes

Data Flow Diagram

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Figure 3. Data Flow Diagram

Figure 3 displays the information flow diagram of the analysis. It shows the entire
information system of the Laguna University Library Management System with Data
Analytics. When the library staff logs in to the program using the default password and
username, the library staff will now have access to the system and after logging in the
library staff will be directed in Library Management Database System where the library
information is located.

Development and Testing

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The researchers used V - model, It is used to generate robust life-cycle design

models and project management models. The V-model summarizes the main steps that
need to be taken in conjunction with the corresponding deliverables within the framework
of computerized system validation or project life cycle development. It describes the
activities to be carried out and the results that must be achieved during the development
of the system. The left side of the V reflects the decomposition of requirements and the
development of device specifications. The right side of the "V" reflects the incorporation
and validation of the pieces.

Methodology

The researchers will used to V - model interprets the step by step process that the
developers did through the development of the system. Nonetheless, specifications must
first be tested against higher level criteria or needs of the consumer. In addition, there is
also something like verification of process models. This can also be achieved partly on the
left side. It may not be accurate to say that validation exists only on the right side. The
easiest way is to say that verification is always against the requirements and validation
always against the real world or against the needs of the user. Validation can be conveyed
by asking "Are you building the right thing?" and testing "Are you building it right?". The
V-model increases project visibility and control by defining uniform methods and
explaining the resulting outcomes and responsible functions. As a structured system
model, the V-Model guarantees that the results to be produced are accurate and of the
desired value. Defined interim results may be reviewed at an early stage. Uniform material
content can improve readability, comprehensibility and verifiability. The effort to develop,
manufacture, operate and maintain a system can be calculated, estimated and controlled
in a transparent manner by applying a standardized process model. The results obtained
are consistent and easily traced back. This reduces the dependence of the acquirer on
the supplier and reduces the effort for subsequent activities and projects.
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Figure 4. V - Model

Figure 4 indicates the methods used. The explanation why the designers used the
V model is that the V-Model is a different, linear design methodology used during the life
cycle of software development (SDLC). The V-Model focuses on a fairly typical waterfall
approach that follows rigid, step-by-step procedures. While the initial phases are broad in
nature, progress continues through more and more granular phases, progress towards
implementation and coding, and finally back through all phases of testing prior to the
completion of the project.

Requirement Analysis

Researchers gather information, conduct surveys and interviews with the client to
find out what will be needed to start the system, provide software and hardware
requirements to develop the system. They will develop a system that depends on the
needs of the library. The software used in the system is Microsoft Visual Studio and the
Barcode Scanner is used as hardware.

Design
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System model is structured by integrating ideas and imagination of the researcher

into the shape and structure of the system. The programmer uses software to refine and
build a system that can be used for this purpose. They use Microsoft Visual Studio to
create an immersive system design.

Implementation

The software is expected to help the organization overcome its problems by having
a traditional way to record user logging activities with the support of the program. It is
expected that the researchers will help them solve the problem. Researchers can know
the details about the books, and they can know the availability. Track down the books
borrowed and returned in time.

Testing

Researchers are conducting a study on the library issue that the program can do
to fix it, and may be used by library staff or users to check if the criteria have been met.
The barcode scanner needs to be connected to the database.
The researchers will consult the library staff to test the library management system.
Researchers will use the barcode scanner to scan a newly designed library card for user
logging. In order to test the unit, the client can go to the Library Management System and
sign in to the username and password provided by the administrator. You can see the
reports of processed books and user logs on the library system.
Researchers will allow library staff or users to check the functionality of
library management systems. The system will be tested to record user information, borrow
and return books. If the system is deployed, researchers will provide updates and
maintenance to use the system more accurately and without any bugs that users will
encounter.

Deployment
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This program can be delivered to the customer at the end of time and can already
use the automated library management system as well as track the location of each
borrowed book. The researchers will deploy the device in the library of Laguna University
where library staff can check the generated model. The researchers will help the library
staff to use the system.

Maintenance

The program will be applied and there will be ample time for the researchers to
ensure that feature and output work properly to avoid any problems. If the developed
system is deployed, researchers will provide updates and maintenance to use the system
more precisely to avoid problems when using the system.

Description of the Prototype

Laguna University Library Management System with Data Analytics

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Figure 5. Splash Screen

Figure 5 shows the splash screen which will serve as the loading of data of the system.

Figure 6. Log in Form

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Figure 6 shows the log in page which requires user name and password to access the

system. The log in page also has a lost account link in case the user forgot the account

and an about link that will tell the user about the information of the system.

Figure 7. Homepage
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Figure 7.1 Homepage

Figure 7 and figure 7.1 (side menu) shows the homepage where the admin and the user

can see the vision and mission of the university library.

Figure 8. Library Shelf

Figure 8 shows the information of the book such as: serial number of books (ISBN), title,

publisher, description (subject), call number, author(s), book class, availability and total

number of books.
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Figure 9. Unpublished Material

Figure 9 shows the records of the unpublished materials.

Figure 9.1 Unpublished Material (Editor)

Figure 9.1 shows the form for updating and adding of unpublished materials.
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Figure 9.2 Unpublished Material (Data Export)

Figure 9.2 shows the exporting of data matrix to be posted at the back of the

unpublished materials.

Figure 10. Magazine Journal

Figure 10 shows the master list of the magazines and journals.

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Figure 10.1 Magazine/Journal (Adding)

Figure 10.1 shows the magazine and journal editor page for updating and adding of

items.

Figure 11. Multimedia

Figure 11 shows the master list of multimedia.

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Figure 11.1 Multimedia (Adding)

Figure 10.1 shows the multimedia editor page for updating and adding of items.

Figure 12. Book Editor

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Figure 12.1 Book editor cont.

Figure 12 and 12.1 shows the book editor page as well as the cutter list where the admin

can add and update books.

Figure 13. Borrowers Record (Student Records)

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Figure 13.1 Borrowers Record (Faculty Records)

Figure 13.2 Borrowers Record (Guest Records)

Figure 13, 13.1 and 13.2 shows the record of students, teachers, and guests’ information

alongside the status of library card.

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Figure 13.3 Borrowers Record (Student Editor)

Figure 13.4 Borrowers Record (Faculty Editor)

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Figure 13.5 Borrowers Record (Guest Editor)

Figure 13.3, 13.4, and 13.5 shows the editor form for registration of new students, faculty

and guests as well as editing of data of the borrower.

Figure 14. Reports (Master List of Donated Books)

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Figure 14.1 Reports (Master List of L.U. Property Books)

Figure 14.2 Reports (Master List of Unpublished Materials)

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Figure 14.3 Reports (Master List of Magazine and Journals)

Figure 14.4 Reports (Master List of Multimedia)

Figure 14, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3 and 14.4 shows the master list of donated books, L.U.

Property books, Magazines and Journals, and Multimedia on the system.

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Figure 15. Transaction Records (Borrowed Items)

Figure 15 shows the list of borrowed items from the library.

Figure 15.1 Transaction Records (Returned Items)

Figure 15.1 shows the list of returned items to the library.

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Figure 15.2 Transaction Records (Lost Items)

Figure 15.2 shows the list of lost items.

Figure 15.3 Transactions Record (Visitors Log)

Figure 15.3 shows the report of number of visitors daily.

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Figure 16. Settings (Account Details/Editor)

Figure 16 shows the details of the user. The user can change the username and the

password in this page.

Figure 16.1 Settings (User List)

Figure 16.1 shows the list of users who can use the main system.
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Figure 16.2 Settings (Manage Semester)

Figure 16.2 shows the year of the active semester. The library staff can edit the year and

semester.

Figure 16.3 Settings (Manage Authors)

Figure 16.3 shows the list of authors in the system. The library staff can add another

author.
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Figure 16.4 Settings (Manage Unpublished Materials)

Figure 16.4 shows the category of unpublished materials. The user can add new

category for unpublished materials.

Figure 17. Borrow

Figure 17 shows the page that the library staff must scan the library card in order to let a

user borrow a book.

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Figure 18. Return

Figure 18 shows a page to scan item code for verification and validation of the returning

item.

Figure 19. Main Page

Figure 19 shows the main page for the kiosk which the user will use for searching of the

desired item.
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