Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education

Region VIII (Eastern Visayas)

Baybay National High School

Baybay City Leyte

Advantages and Factors that Help the Students on Choosing Technical Vocational Livelihood Track

A Research Study Presented to the School Research Committee in Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirement in Practical Research I
 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Last school year 2012-2013, the Department of Education had

implemented this K to 12 Program. According to Official Gazette (2015), this

program consists of Kindergarten and 12 years of basic education -- six years

for primary education, four years for Junior High School, and another two

years of Senior High School (SHS). The Department of Education of the

Philippines believes that the 13-year program including the Kindergarten will

be the best period for learning under basic education. In fact, Sarmiento and

Orale (2016) added that this is also the recognized standard of education for

students and professionals globally. This program aims to provide enough

time for students to master concepts and skills, produce lifelong learners, and

prepare graduates for college education, employment, and entrepreneurship.

In this new program, a new curriculum has been introduced -- the Senior High

School.

Senior High School, according to the Official Gazette (2015), is a

specialized two-year upper secondary education wherein students can

choose a specialization based on aptitude, interests, and school capacity.

Each student can choose among four tracks -- Academic,

Technical-Vocational Livelihood (TVL), Sports, and Arts and Design. The

choice of career track will determine the content of the subjects the students

will take in Grades 11 and 12.

The Academic Track is for students who are looking forward to go to

college. This track will help the students prepare for the subject specialization
of the college course they will take in the future. The Sports Track will give the

students the understanding they need on the basic principles and techniques

to physical education and recreation. It will also help the students understand

the various factors affecting social, psychological, and cognitive development

in sports leadership and management. The Arts and Design track will prepare

the students get a career in the creative field like design, performative, and

creative industry.

Technical-Vocational Livelihood (TVL) focuses on technical skills

development based on the training regulations of the Technical Education and

Skills Development Authority (TESDA) as what Sun Star Pampanga (2018)

said. Students can acquire National Certificates in different levels in

accordance and guidelines set by the Department of Education and TESDA,

especially if you are looking for a career in electronics, agriculture, or trading.

The TVL track has four strands. One of the strands is the Agri-Fishery

which equips students with the theoretical and hands-on application of skills

related to fisheries and agriculture (Nueum, 2018). Another one is Economics

which will teach the students the important knowledge they need to succeed in

interesting topics such as beauty, wellness, cooking, fashion, hospitality, and

handicrafts. There is also Industrial Arts where the students can learn

technical skills in welding, plumbing, repair and installation, electronics,

construction, and automotive. Information and Communication Technology or

ICT strand deals with various tools for communication and information

dissemination.
 In the Philippines, more students prefer going into the academic track than

any other track. In a study conducted, about half chooses academic tracks

while technical-vocational courses are selected oly by about 3% of their

prosepective students (Lagajino et. Al, 2015). Based in enrolment data from

the Department of Education, 60.6% of Philippines senior high school

enrollees went to academic track while around 39% went to the

technical-vocational track. With this statistics and the information above, this

paper would like to emphasize on the advantages of taking up TVL track. The

researchers would also like to know the reasons why students chose TVL

track.

Statement of the Problem

Generally, this paper aims to determine the advantages of choosing TVL track

in terms of the training and specializations undergone by the students under

the track. This paper also wants to know the factors that affect the students in

deciding to pursue TVL track instead of any other available tracks in Baybay

City Senior High School.

Significance of the Study

The importance of this study is to help the students in choosing the track

they want to pursue. With the additional two-year curriculum before college, it

is very important to choose the right track that will fit for the students desire

later on especially that it involves expenses like time and money. Also, this

study is relevant to further understand the students who took TVL track as to

why they choose the said track. It is very important to determine the decision

factors of these students.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

The researchers will only identify the advantages and the factors of the

students on choosing TVL track from the research done by the researchers

and the answers from the interviewed students of Baybay City Senior High

School. Also due to time constraints, this study was conducted within the

premises of the school only.

CHAPTER 2

Review of Related Literature

In 2013, the Department of Education’s K to 12 program added two years

of Senior High School to the curriculum. According to the Coalitions for

Change (2018), the SHS program integrated the TVL track to develop

competitive SHS graduates in the local and even global employment market.

This was resulted from an observation of the Department of Labor and

Employment (DOLE) wherein there was a great size of youth unemployment

in the country caused by job-skills mismatch and the lack of knowledge and

skill training or work experience. In addition, in the study conducted by

Samiento and Orale (2016), the lack of technical-vocational facilities and

readiness of qualified teachers limit the accessibility of these programs.

In the study conducted by Magtibay and Los Banos (2019), students took

TVL (Home Economics strand) track because they were influenced by the job

opportunities after they graduate. There were also respondents who said that

they chose the track because it is the available track near their locality. In

addition, respondents also said that communication skills and the ability to

deal with other people were developed under this track.

 According to the study conducted by Ragojos et. Al (2016), parents of the

students are the greatest influence in their decisions on careers. Some of the

students from poor families who cannot afford to go to college took vocational

education believing they can obtain income generating job skills. The study

also shows that the students regard courses of vocational track inferior to the

academic track.Students believe that vocational coursses are demanding in

terms of effort and finances.

Theoretical Framework

Definition of Terms

CHAPTER 3

Research Design

Sample

 Participants

 How did you choose

 Sampling techniquee

 Target sample size

Instrument

 What kind of interview

 Focus of questionnaire questions

Data collection procedure

 How did they gather

 Primary and secondary data

Data analysis and procedure

 Official Gazette (2015). What is K to 12 program?. Retrieved from:

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/k-12/

Sarmiento Danilo H. Ronald L Orale. Senior High School Curriculum in

the Pilippines, USA, and Japan. Journal of Academic Research 2016 pp 12-23

Lagajino EL, Ibanez M., Guirguiz JM., Tuting A. & Balila, J.

Students’ Career Choices: A guide for Senior High School Preparation.

AUP Research Studies Presented at the 3rd International Scholars

Conference.

http://www.aup.edu.ph/alumni/wpcontent/uploads/Vol-19-No-1-ResearchJ

ournal-Jan-2016-1.pdf#page=106 (Accessed June 19, 2016)

Coalitions for Change (2018). Work Immersion: Real World Experience

at Senior High. Retrieved from

file:///C:/Users/BUBBLES/Downloads/CfC-Reform-Story-8-Work-Immersion

-Real-World-Experience.pdf

The Effect of K to 12 Strand on First Year BIT Food Technology Students

in Pursuing their Higher Education rinalyn g magtibay and zenaida los

banos 2019 https://www.ijriar.com/docs/volume3/issue12/IJRIAR-12.pdf

Perceptions and factors influencing students’ choice on vocational

education of grade 10 students in kabatan national high school REMELYN

O. RAGOJOS GEMMA S. SINGSON LOIS B. HUPA August 30, 2016

https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/53434986/edited__sep

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