Guidance- It is a service provided by the school to assist young people in making their intelligent choices and adjustment

so that they can develop their potentialities as an individual.

What is the Center or the Foundation of the Guidance?

Counseling

Guidance is Education- Education is Guidance

What is the focus of Guidance and Counseling?

- It is NOT to solve problems for individuals rather by helping them to solve their problems.

The Nature of Counseling and Psychotherapy

Counseling is a SCIENCE and an ART with 4 fundamental characteristics.

Counseling 4 fundamental characteristics:

a. Honesty: Uprightness of conduct in general

b. Parsimony: Wise, sparing prudent
c. Duality: Counselor and client together in an intimate system interaction
d. Insight: intellectual discernment, perceptive skills

Counseling

- Educational setting
- Informative, illustrative, informative
- Short term relationship 8 – 12 sessions spread over a period of less than 6 mons.

Focus

- Resolution of development
- It is a profession
- Theory based which is applied to clients
- Specialties:
a. College Counseling
b. Marriage and Family Counseling
c. Addiction/ offender C
d. Mental Health C
e. Career C

Psychotherapy

- Pioneered by Sigmund Freud and Carl Rogers (Psychoanalytic and Person Centered)
- It has been a treatment for a whole a range of afflictions or disorders such as:
a. Stresses
b. Disturbances
c. Abuses
d. Loneliness
e. Dissatisfaction
f. Demoralization
g. All kinds of disadvantages
Psychotherapy

- A procedure designed to alleviate or reduce behavioral disorders through psychological means – counseling
interview evidence-based treatment, psychoanalysis.

When is it Applied?
It is applied when there is personality maladjustment or mental disorder that is psychogenic in origin.
- It is guided by a theory and a process
- It is a treatment based on verbal and nonverbal communications in contrast to the use of drugs, surgery and
electro shock.
- Practiced by Clinical Psychologist, Counseling Psychologist, RGC, Psychiatrist, psychiatric social worker
- It is NOT and informal help. The personal skill of the professional person influences and determines the client
attitudes towards the treatment provided by the therapist.

Psychotherapy

- Used by psychologist, clinical psychologist

- Involves long term relationship (20-40 sessions) over a period of 6 mons. To 2 years.
- Focuses on reconstructive change.
- Provided in both outpatient and inpatient
- Deals with the recovery of “ADEQUACY” acceptability sufficient

Emphasize on

a. The past more than the present

b. Insight more than change
c. Detachment of the therapist
d. The therapist’s role as an expert

Similarities (Counseling and Psychotherapy)

a. Both recognizes and respects the clients (freedom of choice and self-determination)
b. Both involves relationship
c. Both aims to produce constructive, behavioral and personality change
d. Both are giver of spiritual solace
e. Both exist along continuum

Dissimilarities

a. Psychotherapy occurs in high intensity cases, problems are more focused on internal personality conflicts
Counseling focuses on vocational, educational, marital, social/ emotional, work problems: concentrates more on
helping essentially normal individuals to cope with the reality problems.
b. Differ in depth of treatment: sessions for treatment and after care sessions.
c. Psychotherapist are trained in doctoral level more clinical in nature: Counselors: MA in Counseling