Abstract

The word development has become a blazing topic in the milieu of scholars, think tanks and
civil society in Bangladesh for the last couple of years. Even some development experts
claimed to modify the present development approaches in Bangladesh. The purpose of this
paper is to identify the problems of the conventional development system in Bangladesh and
to provide a model of development that will serve the people best. To address the aims of this
study both qualitative and quantitative method is used. Where both the primary and
secondary data used for this study, after analyzing the data, this paper argues that a number of
flaws remain in conventional growth based development system in Bangladesh. Such as, not
all growth is positive, an increase of personal income does not translate into well-being, and
absence of inclusive development. In addition, the faults can eradicate by introducing
freedom of choice.
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Table of content

Introduction
1. Define social problems……………………………………………….....4
2. Social problem in Bangladesh………………………………………….4
3. Short idea of Bangladesh ………………………………………………4

Discussion
4. Social problem in Bangladesh faces……………………………..…..5-6
5. Causes of social problems in Bangladesh…………………………...6-7
6. Parties responsible for social problems in Bangladesh…………….7-8
7. Measures to overcome social problems in Bangladesh…………….8-9
8. Government measures to overcome social problems in
Bangladesh................................................................................................9
9. Role of political leaders to overcome social problems in
Bangladesh…………………………………………………………..9-10
10. Role of social intellectuals to overcome social problems in
Bangladesh…………………………………………………………..…10

Conclusion
11. Summary…………………………………………………………….....10
12. References……………………………………………………………..11

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Introduction
1. Define social problems
A common way of defining social problems is to include a subjective element; objective
conditions only become social problems when they are perceived to be undesirable by some
segment of the public. In their actual treatment of social problems, however, sociologists
have contradicted their own definitions by ignoring public opinion in their selection of
specific problems for study. A resolution of this disparity is suggested in the form of a new
definition of social problems that gives both professional and public opinion a place in
identifying and analyzing social problems.

2. Social problem in Bangladesh

The fundamental problems of Bangladesh are as follow. Although, the country seems to be
on the right track towards prosperity through its exports. It has very well developed its
garments sector. It is also a fortune nation, who has about the eighth biggest population in the
world, through which; it can develop further in other fields too. But, unfortunately, there are
some serious disadvantages attached to it. For some reason, the size of the country its self is
too small in comparison to its huge population. One party rule for some years and continue to
be the case, eventually leads even highly developed countries to disasters. One party's
constant rule usually leads to authoritative elements, as it is gradually appearing to be the
case with Bangladeshi current government. It doesn't seem to make Bangladesh a democratic
country, instead more like a communist with one part rule. The country’s other problem is. Its
geographical location, which is unfortunately below the sea level. Since, man created global
warming is on fast rise. Therefore, its politicians must pay urgently full attention to this
serious issue so that further erosion of their country to be halted.

3. Short idea of Bangladesh

Bangladesh is located in South Asia with a population of 200 million people. That’s 2/3 of
the United States population living in a place the size of Wisconsin
 It has the longest delta area in the world which promotes mass trade among foreign
markets.
 With the amount of trading that occurs here one would think many of its inhabitants
would live comfortably, but this is not the case.
There are so many problems in the Bangladesh society like:
 Lack of Education;
 Woman and Child trafficking;
 Lack of cultural difference and devotion;
 Air pollution;
 High rate of Child and Maternal Mortality;
 Social Stigma and superstation.
So Development expert, social researcher and development funding agencies are telling
Bangladesh its self is a great problem.

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Discussion

4. Social problem in Bangladesh faces

Bangladesh its self is a problem according to funding agency. A social problem becomes a
social problem when it affects society as a whole in some way. Personal problems are not
social problems. A social problem may be personal to you through. The best social problems
still existing in Bangladesh are as:

 Population problem
Bangladesh is an over populated country. 1800 people are living per square kilo miter. So
agriculture land is reducing every year. This over population creates so many social problems
like Tran’s port, education, corruption and so many others.
 Corruption
Corruption prevails in almost all the sector of public and private and public sector of
Bangladesh. Now a day’s corruption is nothing unusual. It has become a part and parcel of
the daily life of the
 Dowry system is modernized
Now a day the form of providing and receiving dowry is being modernized. Mostly common
in the rural area in Bangladesh. Dowry system is another curse. It has become a blockage to
overall socio-cultural development in Bangladesh.
 Bribery
Whenever anyone goes for any sort of official works he or she has to pay bribery for any kind
of works. It seems nothing is possible in Bangladesh.
 Poverty
Bangladesh lies almost nearer to poverty line. Day by day instead of betterment of such
condition it has been getting worst.
 Illiteracy
Literacy rate of our country is low. On a few percentage of people are well-educated and a
hinders the socio-economic development like nothing other.
 Negative influence of western Culture
Through meshing with different culture is very much important. But our society has been
adopted the evil things from western cultures which has been creating blockage.
 Backwardness in attitudes
Often any one can find some bold people to face such problems. Everyone just commoners
about the worst condition. But barely any one to solve it.
 Child Labor
In our children at the age bellow18 years old are recognized as children. But in our industrial
organization there are a huge number of children who are doing the risky job from morning to
evening.
 Arsenic
Arsenic is another social problem in our country especially in the rural areas. It is related to
our health as a great hazard and threats our safe life. We all know that the allowable rate of
arsenic in drinking water is 0.05mg.

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 Unemployment
Due to the security of opportunity of job, the unemployment rate of our country is very high.
And this rate is rising day by day. It is very tough for a country to develop its economy by
keeping idle the large portion of human resources.
 Housing problem
In our country 60% people are land less due to various reasons. This people have no shelter
and no living place. So new slum is growing in the city day by day. This slum living people
are the contributor of crime and new hazard in the society.
 Gender Inequality
In our society male and female are not treated as alike or equal. Because people always think
women are only for household work and give birth the child. They are only for household
work and they need not to go out for economic activities or income earning activities. So they
are not getting their fundamental rights properly
 Lack of social security
Women are not always saving everywhere in our country and their working place. Woman
empowerment is must for a countries development.
 Environmental Problem
Bangladesh is a coastal belt country. Every year natural disaster destroys crops and animal
and natural resources. It is a great problem for the country.
 Child marriage
It is the common phenomena in our country especially in the rural area. And for another
reason is girl child’s security. So lack of awareness and poverty the village people give
marriage their girl child at a early age. This problem creates another family and health
problem in the country.

5. Causes of social problems in Bangladesh

The development of Bangladesh is still suffering from numerous and diverse
governance-related inefficiencies and complexities, both structural and non-structural
despite of the continuing efforts to enhance the quality of governance in the country. Those
are mentioned in bellow:

 Lack of efficiency of the management

If a task lacks management skills, it is not well done and the work is not progressed at all.
 Insufficient reliable and low cost institutions for education and self-
development
The main reason for the insufficient reliable and low cost institutions for education and self-
development is the government's mismanagement or failure.
 Lack of moral and religious value
Morality of the people of our country is very low. If they have moral values they can't
commit eve-teasing, taking dowry, throwing acid etc.
 Poor implementation of penalty
If the guilt is not punished then he or she has to dare for further crime. It our country it is
very normal scene that the criminals are walking around the police.

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 Misuse of political power

Often people use the political power for their interest. This is the reason why people don't
trust Political leaders, because they are more concerned in helping their relatives and kin
rather than helping the mass people.
 Lack of proper education
It is the main cause of it. As people are ignorant they don't know how to remove social
problems. Even they don't know about their responsibility toward the Nation.
 Poverty
Bangladesh is one of the most important poor countries in the world. The per capita income
of this country is very low. Fifty percent people of this country live below the poverty.
 Lack of human resource development
We have a huge amount of population. But lack of proper training and technological
knowledge, we cannot make them human resource. As a result we cannot utilize these human
resources properly. Thus we become poor.
 Slow economic growth
The economic growth of Bangladesh is very slow. The economy of Bangladesh mostly
depends on agriculture. But our agriculture is very much underdeveloped. In this modern
period we cannot use the technical instrument and nitrogen fertilizers, pesticides and new
irrigation methods instead of traditional instrument.
 Unequal distribution of resources
Unequal distribution of resources is also an important cause of poverty in Bangladesh. Most
of the resources of this country are in the hand of few people. This unequal distribution
thwarts of our proper economic development.
 Social and political instability
Social and political instability thwart the development activities and economic growth of a
country. Political instability is a great concern which fostered our development of our country
very much and thus we remain poor.
 Employment problem
Unemployment problem is an important cause of poverty in our country. We have a huge
amount of population but we cannot create proper work place for all the people. Besides a
great number of people remain as unemployment for lacking of skill and technological
knowledge. Thus a huge amount of human resources become wasted and we become poor
slowly.

6. Parties responsible for social problems in Bangladesh

There are many parties responsible for the social problems in our country. The responsible
parties are as follows:
1. First of all, the people themselves
2. The government
3. Political parties
4. Religious leaders
5. Politicians
6. Businessman

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7. Bureaucrats
8. Terrorist
9. Dysfunctional system
10. Village and union leaders

7. Measures to overcome social problems in Bangladesh

Various poverty reduction strategies are broadly categorized here based on whether they
make more of the basic human needs available or increase the disposable income needed to
purchase those needs. Some strategies such as building roads can both bring access to various
basic needs, such as fertilizer or healthcare from urban areas, as well as increase incomes, by
bringing better access to urban markets.

 Good governance
Good governance plays a major role in overcoming the social problems in any country and
helps to moves the country towards development.
 Health care and education
Nations do not necessarily need wealth to gain healthy. Cheap water filters and promoting
hand washing are some of the most cost effective health interventions and can cut deaths
from diarrhea and pneumonia. Knowledge on the cost effectiveness of healthcare
interventions can be elusive and educational measures have been made to disseminate what
works, such as the Copenhagen Consensus.
 Removing constraints on government services
Government revenue can be diverted away from basic services by corruption. Funds from aid
and natural resources are often sent by government individuals for money laundering to
overseas banks which insist on bank secrecy, instead of spending on the poor.
 Controlling overpopulation
Some argue that overpopulation and lack of access to birth control leads to population
increase to exceed food production and other resources. Empowering women with better
education and more control of their lives makes them more successful in bringing down rapid
population growth because they have more say in family planning.
 Subordination of individual interest to common interest
All people must consider the interest of the society first then they should consider their own interest.
 Increasing personal income
The following are strategies used or proposed to increase personal incomes among the poor.
Raising farm incomes is described as the core of the antipoverty effort as three quarters of the
poor today are farmers. Estimates show that growth in the agricultural productivity of small
farmers is, on average, at least twice as effective in benefiting the poorest half of a country’s
population as growth generated in nonagricultural sectors.
 Cultural factors to productivity
Cultural factors, such as discrimination of various kinds, can negatively affect productivity
such as age discrimination, stereotyping, gender discrimination, racial discrimination, and
caste discrimination.

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 Creation of employment
To reduce the poverty we must create job for the unemployed youth for the proper utilization
of human resources. If we fail to use this huge amount of population properly we will fall in
danger in a very early future. So, we should take proper steps to create employment for the
youth to reduce the poverty and better utilization of the human resources.
 Proper use of Science and technology
Modern age is the age science and technology. If we provide our population scientific and
technical knowledge they will be skilled and expert. They can produce more with their
technical knowledge which enhance their demand in other job markets.
 Transformation of political, administrative and judicial culture to pro-poor
culture
It is also important measure to reduce the poverty. To reduce the poverty we must transform
the political, administrative and judicial culture to pro-poor culture instead of pro-reach
culture.

8. Government measures to overcome social problems in Bangladesh

 Cooperation with other political, social and religious groups

The government must cooperative with other parties especially with the opposition political
parties to improve the whole society.
 Creating a culture of taking responsibility
In most of the cause the government is reluctant to take the responsibility of their work. This
culture must be given up.
 Proper use of government funds
In most the cause the government Sanction funds for Social Security but they don't ensure its
proper use. But the government must be careful regarding these matters.
 Providing training to unemployment
It is the responsibility of the government to provide training to the unemployed youth. So that
they will no more burdens to society rather they will be our asset.
 Restructuring the government
The government should restructure the transparency of their work to tackle social problems.

9. Role of political leaders to overcome social problems in Bangladesh

 Practice honesty
Our political must be honest in their work. So that people will also behave in proper way by
following them.

 Controlling terrorism
Political leaders have the responsibility to check the terrorism. They must be active in
campaigning against terrorism.
 Practicing Fair politics
Political leaders must practice fair politics. They must not blame each other.

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 Behaving responsibly
The political leader must be responsibly. They must be ways that create anarchy in the
society.
 Constructive criticism
Political leader must accept constructive criticism. So that people can criticize their
wrongdoing and praise their good job.

10. Role of social intellectuals to overcome social problems in Bangladesh

 Interpret every national matter unbiased
Intellectuals must interpret the matters related to the national interest unbiased. They
must be honest.
 Protest against every unfair practice
Intellectual and social Elites must protest against every unfair practice. They must be alert
regarding these.
 Never engage in direct politics
Politics must not be practiced by the intellectuals. Because direct politics can be bring
biasness among them. So intellectuals must not engage in direct politics.
 Help the government
Intellectuals must help the government in their work. They must work with the government in
every aspect of development.
 Take parts in development work
The elite’s persons should take part in the development activities of the society, because they
have much money to do this.

Conclusion
11. Summary
From the above discussion it is clear that good public administration in all spheres of a
country is necessary for sustainable development. Though present condition of the public
administration of Bangladesh is not satisfactory, it will be good by adopting some
strategies such as recruitment system should be free from illegal political interruption, no
politicization allowed, eradication of corruption, improving policy implementation
capacity, promoting local governance, ensuring participation and access of rural poor in
justice, improving sect oral government. Some other important measure should be taken
for sustainable and efficient administration such as efficient parliament and strong by
strong leadership, building institutional capacity and strengthening parliamentary
supervision. The ecology of public administration is closely related to the systems
approach in sustainable development which should deal with interdependence of human
life, equilibrium, organic systems, and stabilization in a country like Bangladesh. So, the
government should consider and include the components of sustainable development in every
policy planning.

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12. References
1. https://www.yourdictionary.com/social-problem
2. http://archive.thedailystar.net/2007/04/16/d7041601118.htm
3. https://www.usaid.gov/bd/education.html
4. https://www.slideshare.net/nanayem/social-problem-of-bangladesh-and-its-solution
5. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2014/11/3-steps-to-reduce-poverty-in-bangladesh/

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