PART II C. Who may file petition; grounds (Secs.

2
GUARDIANSHIP, GUARDIANSHIP OF and 4, ibid.)
MINORS, AND CUSTODY OF MINORS
AND HABEAS CORPUS IN RELATION TO
CUSTODY OF MINORS

I Guardianship of Incompetent Under Rules 92-

97

A. Guardianship, meaning and purpose

1. Oropesa vs. Oropesa (G.R. No.
184528; April 25, 2012)
2. Francisco vs. CA (G.R. No. L-57438;
Jan. 3, 1984)
B. Kinds of guardians
1. De Leon, p. 212
2. Rivero vs. CA (G.R. No. 141273; May
17, 2005)
C. Where instituted (Sec. 1; Rule 92 in
relation to Sec. 5[b], R.A. 8369)
D. Who may petition for appointment of
guardians (Sec. 1, Rule 93)
E. Jurisdictional facts and contents of petition
(Sec. 2, ibid.)
F. Initial hearing and hearing proper; filing of
opposition (Secs. 3, 4 and 5, ibid.)
G. Posting of bond; conditions (Sec. 1, Rule
94)
H. Powers and duties of guardians
1. Secs. 1 and 4, Rule 96; Caniza vs. CA
(G.R. No. 110427; Feb. 24, 1997)
2. Sec. 2, ibid.
3. Sec. 1, Rule 95
4. Sec. 5, Rule 96
5. Sec. 6, ibid.
6. Sec. 7, ibid.
7. Sec. 8, ibid.
I. Termination of guardianship; grounds
(Sec. 1, Rule 97)
J. Grounds for removal of guardian or when
allowed to resign (Sec. 2, ibid.)

II Rule on Guardianship of Minors Under A.M.

No. 03-02-05-SC

A. Applicability of the Rule (Sec. 1, A.M. No.

03-02-05-SC)
B. Date it took effect (Sec. 28, ibid.)

1
 F. Order of proceedings (Secs. 5, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 21, 18 and 19, supra)
G. Prohibited motion (Sec. 6, supra)
D. Jurisdictional facts and contents of petition H. Factors to consider in determining custody
(Sec. 7, ibid.) (Sec. 14, supra)
E. Where filed (Sec. 3, ibid.) I. Provisional relief:
F. Case study report (Sec. 9) 1. Sec. 13, supra;
G. Opposition to petition; hearing (Secs. 11 2. Sec. 15, supra;
and 12 [2nd and 3rd pars.], ibid.) 3. Sec. 16, supra; and,
H. Who may be appointed (Secs. 6 and 12 [1st 4. Sec. 17, supra.
par.], ibid.)
I. Qualifications of guardians (Sec. 5, ibid.) PART III
J. Service of final and executory judgment HABEAS CORPUS, WRIT OF AMPARO,
AND WRIT OF HABEAS DATA
(Sec. 13, ibid.)
K. Posting of bond; conditions; where filed I Habeas Corpus Under Rule 102
(Secs. 14 and 15, ibid.)
L. Bond posted by parents (Sec. 16, ibid.) A. To what kinds of cases extend; purpose;
M. Duties of guardian (Secs. 17 and 19, ibid.) nature
N. Grounds for removal or resignation of 1. Sec. 1, Rule 102
guardian (Sec. 24, ibid.) 2. Sombong vs. CA (G.R. No. 111876;
Jan. 31, 1996)
O. Ground for termination of guardianship
3. Caballes vs. CA (G.R. No. 163108;
(Sec. 25, ibid.) Feb. 23, 2005)
P. Service of final and executory judgment of B. Who may grant writ; enforceability (Sec. 2,
termination (Sec. 26, ibid.) supra)
Q. Distinctions between rules on guardianship C. Application for writ; requisites (Sec. 3,
of incompetent and rules on guardianship supra)
of minors (De Leon, pp. 246-247) D. Contents of the return (Sec. 10, supra)
E. When writ not allowed
III Rule on Custody of Minors and Writ of 1. Sec. 4, supra
Habeas Corpus in Relation to Custody of Minors 2. In Re Kunting (G.R. No. 167193; April
(A.M. No. 03-04-04-SC) 19, 2006)
3. Ampatuan vs. Macaraig (G.R. No.
A. Applicability of the rule (Sec. 1, A.M. No. 182497; June 29, 2010)
03-04-04-SC) 4. Kiani vs. BID (G.R. No. 160922; Feb.
B. Date it took effect 27, 2006)
C. Who may file 5. Go., Sr. vs. Ramos (G.R. No. 167569;
1. Sec. 2, ibid. Sept. 4, 2009)
2. Salientes vs. Abanilla (G.R. No. 6. Alejano vs. Cabuay (G.R. No. 160792;
162734; Aug. 29, 2006) Aug. 25, 2005)
3. Pablo-Gualberto vs. Gualberto (G.R. F. When writ granted and to whom directed
No. 154994; June 28, 2005) (Secs. 5 and 6, supra)
D. Where to file G. Peremptory writ of habeas corpus
1. Sec. 3, supra distinguished from writ of preliminary
2. Thornton vs. Thornton (G.R. No. citation
154598; Aug. 16, 2004) 1. De Leon, p. 399
E. Jurisdictional facts and contents of petition H. Service of writ (Secs. 7 and 8, supra)
(Sec. 4, supra)

2
 I. Formalities of writ; hearing on return 4. Lozada vs. Arroyo (G.R. Nos. 184379-
(Secs. 11, 9, 13 and 12, supra.) 80; April 24, 2012)
J. When person lawfully imprisoned 5. Navia, et al. vs. Pardico (G.R. No.
recommitted, when allowed to bail 184467; June 19, 2012)
1. Sec. 14, supra K. Judgment
K. Habeas corpus as a post-conviction remedy 1. Sec. 18
1. Go vs. Dimagiba (G.R. No. 151876; 2. De Lima vs. Gatdula (G.R. No.
June 21, 2005) 204528; Feb. 19, 2013)
L. Appeal
II Rule on the Writ of Amparo (A.M. No. 07-9- 1. Sec. 19
12-SC) 2. Mamba vs. Bueno (G.R. No. 191416;
Feb. 7, 2017)
A. Definition; Coverage; Purpose; Nature M. Archival of cases; Institution of separate
1. Sec. 1 actions; Effect of filing of a criminal action
2. Secretary of Defense vs. Manalo (G.R. 1. Sec. 20
No. 180906; Oct. 7, 2008) 2. Secs. 21, 22 and 23
3. Caram vs. Segui (G.R. No. 193652;
Aug. 5, 2014) III Rule on the Writ of Habeas Data (A.M. No.
4. Navia, et al. vs. Pardico (G.R. No. 08-1-16-SC)
184467; June 19, 2012)
B. Who may file A. Definition; Purpose; Nature
1. Sec. 2 1. Sec. 1
2. BOAC vs. Cadapan (G.R. Nos. 2. Meralco vs. Lim (G.R. No. 18476; Oct.
184461-62; May 31, 2011) 5, 2010)
C. Where to file; Other procedural 3. Gamboa vs. Chan (G.R. No. 193636;
requirements July 24, 2012)
1. Sec. 3 4. Lee vs. Ilagan (G.R. No. 203254; Oct.
2. Secs. 4 and 5 8, 2014)
3. Sec. 13 5. Vivares vs. St. Theresa’s College (G.R.
D. Issuance of the Writ; Nature No. 202666; Sept. 29, 2014)
1. Sec. 6 6. In Re Rodriguez vs. Arroyo (G.R. No.
2. De Lima vs. Gatdula (G.R. No. 193160; Nov. 15, 2011)
204528; Feb. 19, 2013) B. Who may file petition; Where to file;
3. Mamba vs. Bueno (G.R. No. 191416; Where returnable; enforceable
Feb. 7, 2017) 1. Sec. 2
E. Return; Contents; Effect of failure to file 2. Secs. 3 and 4
return or raise all defenses available C. Other procedural requirements
1. Sec. 9 (as amended), 10 and 12 1. Sec. 5
2. De Lima vs. Gatdula (G.R. No. 2. Sec. 6
204528; Feb. 19, 2013) a. Tapuz vs. Del Rosario (G.R. No.
F. Prohibited pleadings and motions (Sec. 11) 182484; June 17, 2008)
G. Interim relief for the petitioner (Sec. 14) 3. Sec. 15
H. Interim relief for the respondent (Sec. 15) 4. Sec. 12
I. Contempt measure (Sec. 16) D. Writ; Issuance; Refusal to serve
J. Burden of proof 1. Sec. 7
1. Sec. 17 2. Secs. 9 and 8
2. Republic vs. Cayanan (G.R. No. E. Filing of Return; Hearing on return;
181796; Nov. 7, 2017) Failure to file
3. In Re Ladaga vs. Mapagu (G.R. Nos. 1. Secs. 10, 18 and 14
189689-189691; Nov. 13, 2012) F. Prohibited pleadings and motions (Sec. 13)
3
 G. Contempt measure (Sec. 11) 2. Reyes vs. Sotero (G.R. No. 167405;
H. Judgment; Execution of judgment Feb. 16, 2006)
1. Secs. 16 and 17 3. In Re Garcia, supra
I. Appeal 4. In Re Lim, supra
1. Sec. 19 H. Rescission of Adoption
J. Institution of separate action; 1. Who may file (Sec. 19 [1st par.], supra)
Consolidation; Effect of filing of criminal 2. Where and when filed; grounds (Secs.
action 19, 20 and 21, supra)
1. Secs. 19, 20, 21 and 22 3. Order to answer; judgment (Secs. 22
and 23, supra)
PART IV 4. Remedy of adopter
DOMESTIC AND INTER-COUNTRY a. Article 919, Civil Code
ADOPTION, RECOGNITION OF
ILLEGITIMATE CHILDREN, AND II Inter-Country Adoption (Part B of A.M. No.
ABSENTEES 02-6-02-SC)

I Domestic Adoption (Part A of A.M. No. 02-6- A. Who may adopt (Secs. 26 and 30, supra)
02-SC) B. Who may be adopted (Sec. 29, supra)
C. Where filed (Sec. 28, supra)
A. Concept and nature; purpose D. Contents of petition (Sec. 30)
1. In Re Garcia (G.R. No. 148311; March E. Duty of court (Sec. 32, supra)
31, 2005)
2. Republic vs. Elepano (G.R. No. 92542; III Judicial Approval of Voluntary Recognition
Oct. 15, 1991) of Illegitimate Children (Rule 105)
3. Daoang vs. Municipal Judge of San
Nicolas, Ilocos Norte (G.R. No. L- A. Classification of children into legitimate
34568; March 28, 1988) and illegitimate
B. Construction of the rules on adoption (Sec. B. Recognition of legitimate and illegitimate
2[a], R.A. 8552) filiation
C. Who may adopt 1. Articles 172 and 175, Family Code
1. Sec. 4, A.M. No. 02-6-02-SC 2. De Jesus vs. Estate of Dizon (G.R. No.
2. Castro vs. Gregorio (G.R. No. 188801; 142877; Oct. 2, 2001)
Oct. 15, 2014) 3. Gono- Javier vs. CA (G.R. No. 111994;
3. In Re Lim (G.R. Nos. 168992-93; May Dec. 29, 1994)
21, 2009) C. Voluntary recognition distinguished from
D. Who may be adopted compulsory recognition
1. Sec. 5, supra 1. Gapusan- Chua vs.CA (G.R. No. L-
2. Sec. 9, supra 46746; March 15, 1990)
E. Where filed (Sec. 6, supra) D. Where filed (Sec. 1, Rule 105)
F. Jurisdictional facts and contents of the E. Time to file action
petition 1. Articles 173 and 175, Family Code
1. Sec. 7, supra 2. Guy vs. CA (G.R. No. 163707; Sept.
2. Sec. 10, supra 15, 2006)
a. Republic vs. Hernandez (G.R. No. F. Contents of petition (Sec. 2, supra)
117209; Feb. 9, 1996) G. Order of proceedings (Secs. 3, 5 and 5,
3. Sec. 11, supra supra)
a. Castro vs. Gregorio, supra
G. Order of proceedings IV Absentees (Rule 107)
1. Secs. 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16, supra

4
 A. Grounds for the appointment of
representative of the absentee (Sec. 1, Rule
107)
B. Who may file and where to file petition
(Secs. 1 and 2, ibid.)
C. Time to file petition (Sec. 2, ibid.)
D. Jurisdictional facts and contents of petition
(Sec. 3, supra)
E. Order of proceedings (Secs. 5 and 6, supra)
F. Who may be appointed (Sec. 7)
G. Termination of administration (Sec. 8)
PART V
CHANGE OF NAME AND CORRECTION
AND CANCELLATION OF ENTRIES
I Change of Name (Rule 103)
A. Nature of proceedings
1. Republic vs. Gallo (G.R. No. 207074;
Jan. 17, 2018)
2. Basilio vs. Republic (G.R. No. 207107;
Sept. 14, 2016)
3. In Re Wang (G.R. No. 159966; Mar. 30,
2005)
4. Silverio vs. Republic (G.R. No. 174689;
Oct. 22, 2007)
5. Republic vs. Cagandahan (G.R. No.
166676; Sept. 12, 2008)
B. Who may file; where filed
1. Sec. 1, Rule 103
2. Republic vs. Marcos (G.R. No. L-
31065; Feb. 15, 1990)
C. Jurisdictional facts and contents of petition
1. Sec. 2, supra
2. In Re Diangkinay (G.R. No. L-29850;
June 30, 1972)
D. Grounds for change of name
1. Republic vs. Coseteng- Magpayo (G.R.
No. 189476; Feb. 2, 2011)
2. Republic vs. CA (G.R. No. 97906; May
21, 1992)
3. Chua Tan Sang vs. Republic (G.R. No.
L-15101; Sept. 30, 1960)
4. Republic vs. Marcos, supra
5. Yasin vs. Judge of Shar’ia District
Court (G.R. No. 94986; Feb. 23, 1995)
E. Order of proceedings
1. Secs. 3, 4 , 5 and 6
2. Republic vs. Capote (G.R. No. 157043;
Feb. 2, 2007)
II R.A. 9048
A. Coverage (Sec. 1, R.A. 9048 as amended
by R.A. 10172)
B. Who may file and where filed (Sec. 3, ibid.)
C. Grounds for change of first name or
nickname (Sec. 4, ibid.)
D. Form and contents of petition (Sec. 5, ibid.)
E. Duties of the City or Municipal Civil
Registrar or Consul General (Sec. 6, ibid.)
F. Duties and powers of the Civil Registrar
General (Sec. 7, ibid.)
G. Effect of approving the petition (Rule 12,
Implementing Rules and Regulation of
R.A. 9048)
H. Effect of denying the petition by the City or
Municipal Civil Registrar or Consul
General (Rule 13, ibid.)
I. Appeal from the order of denial (Rule 14,
ibid.)
J. Effect of impugning the decision of the city
or municipal civil registrar or the consul
general (Rule 16, ibid.)
K. Failure of the Civil Registrar General to
impugn (Rule 15, ibid.)
III Rule 108 (Cancellation or Correction of
Entries)
A. Substantive Basis
1. Article 412, Civil Code
B. Coverage; entries subject to cancellation or
correction
1. Sections 1 and 2, Rule 108
2. Onde vs. Office of the Local Civil
Registrar of Las Piñas City (G.R. No.
197194; Sept. 10, 2014)
C. Who may file petition (Section 1, ibid.)
D. Nature of proceedings
1. Republic vs. Tipay (G.R. No. 209527;
Feb. 14, 2018)
2. Republic vs. Gallo (G.R. No. 207074;
Jan. 17, 2018)
3. Republic vs. Olaybar (G.R. No.
189538; Feb. 10, 2014)
5
 4. Republic vs. Uy (G.R. No. 198010;
Aug. 12, 2013)
5. Republic vs. Valencia (G.R. No. L-
32181; March 5, 1986)
6. Republic vs. Kho (G.R. No. 170340;
June 29, 2007)
7. Braza vs. City Civil Registrar of
Himamaylan City, Negros Occidental
(G.R. No. 181174; Dec. 4, 2009)
8. Republic vs. Mercadera (G.R. No.
186027; Dec. 8, 2010)
E. Parties to the proceedings (Sec. 3, supra)
F. Order of proceedings (Secs. 4, 5, 6 and 7,
supra)
PART VI
RULE ON DECLARATION OF ABSOLUTE
NULLITY OF VOID MARRIAGES AND
ANNULMENT OF VOIDABLE
MARRIAGES (A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC), AND
RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF
FOREIGN JUDGMENT ON DIVORCE
I A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC
A. Scope (Sec. 1, A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC)
B. Petition for declaration of nullity of
marriage
1. Who may file
a. Sec. 2(a), ibid.
b. Fujiki vs. Marinay (G.R. No.
196049; June 26, 2013)
2. Where to file (Sec. 2[b] and 4, supra)
3. What to allege (Sec. 2[d], supra)
C. Petition for annulment of voidable
marriages
1. Who may file (Sec. 3[a], supra)
2. Where to file (Sec. 3[b] and 4, supra)
D. Contents and form of petition (Sec. 5,
supra)
E. Summons (Sec. 6, supra)
F. Prohibited motion (Sec. 7, supra)
G. Filing of answer (Sec. 8, supra)
H. Non-collusion investigation (Sec. 9, supra)
I. Pre-trial (Secs. 11-15, supra)
J. Decision and appeal (Secs. 19 and 20,
supra)
K. Decree of nullity or annulment of marriage
(Secs. 22 and 23, supra)
III Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign
Judgment on Divorce
A. Article 26 (2nd par.), Family Code
B. Sec. 48, Rule 39 of the 1997 Rules of Civil
Procedure
C. Secs. 24 and 25, Rule 132 of the Rules of
Court, as amended by A.M. 19-08-15-SC
D. Doctrine of processual presumption
E. Cases:
1. Van Dorn vs. Romillo (G.R. No. L-
68470; Oct. 8, 1985)
2. Pilapil vs.Ibay-Somera (G.R. No.
80116; June 30, 1989)
3. Roehr vs. Rodriguez (G.R. No.
142820; June 20, 2003)
4. San Luis vs. San Luis (G.R. Nos.
133743 and 134029; Feb. 6, 2007)
5. Republic vs. Orbecido (G.R. No.
154380; Oct. 5, 2005)
6. Corpus vs. Sto. Tomas (G.R. No.
186571; Aug. 11, 2010)
7. Republic vs. Manalo (G.R. No.
221029; April 24, 2018)
Suggested Readings:
01. Tan, Ferdinand A. Special Proceedings: An
In-Depth Study for the Bench and the Bar.
Manila. Rex Bookstore, 2019.
02. De Leon, Magdangal M. and Wilwayco,
Dianna Louise R. Special Proceedings:
Essentials for Bench and Bar. Manila, Rex
Bookstore, 2015