IS :2260-1981

( Reaffirmed 1990 )
( Reaffirmed 1995 )
Indian Standard
CODE OF PRACTICE FOR
PREPARATION AND USE OF
MASONRY MORTARS

( First Revision )
Third Reprint FEBRUARY 1993

UDC 691-53 : 694KIl-3

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

Gr 7 Jub 1981
 IS : 2250 - 1981

Indian Standard
CODE OF PRACTICE FOR
PREPARATION AND USE OF
MASONRY MORTARS

( First Revision )
Building Construction Practices Sectional Committee, BDC 13

Chairman
SllR1C.P. MALII<
C-4/38, Safdarjung Development Area,
Npw Delhi

Members Reprcscntittg
S~nr SURAJ S. J. BABADUR Housing & Urban Development Corporation
Limited, New Delhi
SHRI A. N. BAJAJ Forest Research Institute & Colleges, Dehra Dun
SRRI D. R. BATLIVALA Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay
SHRI J. R. BHALLA Indian Institute of Architects, New Delhi
SHRI M. C. BHARQAVA Public Works Department, Government of Uttar
Pradesh, Lucknow
SERI R. K. MATHUR ( Alternate )
CH;;~E~;INEER ( BLD~S ), PWD, Public Works Department, Government of Tamil
Nadu
SUPERINTENDING ENGINEER,
( SPECIAL BUILDING CIRCLE ),
PWD, MADURA~ ( Alternate )
CEIEF ENQINEER-CUM-ADDITIONAL Public Works Department, Government of
SECRETARY TO TEE GOVERN- Rajasthan
MENT (B&R)
EXECUTIVE ENGINEER
( DESIQN & SPECIFICATION ) ( Alternate )
CHIEF ENGINEER ( NDZ ) Central Public Works Department, New Delhi
SUPERINTENDINGI SURVEYOR
OF WORKS ( NDZ ) ( Alternate )
D 1 R E c T o R ( ARCHITECTURE ), Railway Board ( Ministry of Railways )
RDSO, LUCKNOW
JOINT DIRECTOR ( ARCHITEC-
TURE ), RDSO, LU~ENOW ( Aftemalc )
( Continued on’ page 2 )

0 Copyright 1981
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
This Bublication is protected under the Indian Copyright Act (XIV of 1957) and
reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the
publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the said Act.
IS:22!.50-'1981
( Conrinucdfrom page 1 )

Members Representing
SHXI H. S. DUQAL Builders’ Association of India, New Delhi
BRIG HARISH CHANDRA ( -4ltcrnote)
San1 B. S. GREWAL Public Works Departmenr, Government of
Punjab, Chandigarh
&KRI R. L. KUMAR Institution of Surveyors, New Delhi
SRRI K. S. KHARB (Alternate )
SHRI M. 2. KURIEN Tata Consulting Engineers, Bombay
SRI G. K. MAJUMDAR Hindustan Prefab Limited, New Delhi
SHRI H. S. PASRICHA ( Alternate )
SHRI R. C. MANGAL Centr$orziding Research Institute ( CSIR ),

SRRI J. P. JAIBINQH ( Altern& )

SRRI R. K. PANDARE Life Insurance Corporation of India, Bombay
DEPUTY CIXIEF ENQINEER
SHRI & N;RTR@o& )
. Public Works & Housing Department, Bombay
SHRI T: K. SARAN Bureau of Public Enterprises ( Ministry of
Finance ), New Delhi
SHRI S. S. KAIMAL ( Alfcrnatc )
SHRI R. D. SINC?H Engineer-in-Chief’s Branch, Army Headquarters,
New Delhi
SHRI M. G. VIR~ANI ( Alternutc )
SHRI S. R. SIVASWAMY Gammon India Ltd, Bombay
SH~I H. D. MATANQE ( Altcrnafc )
SERI K. S. SRINIVASAN National Buildings Organization, New Delhi
DEPUTY DZ~E~TOR ( Altern& )
SHRI SUSHIL KUMAR National Buildings Construction Corporation Ltd,
New Delhi
SRRI B. T. UNWALLA Concrete Association of India, Bombay
SHXI Y. K. MERTA ( Alternate)
SHRI B. T. UNWALLA Institution of Engineers ( India), Calcutta
SERI JIVAN DATT ( Ailcrnate )
Soar G. RYAN, Director General&$ ( Ex-ojicio Member )
Director ( Civ Engg )
Secretary
SHRI S. SFX GIJPTA
Assistant Director ( Civ Engg ), ~1s

Masonry Construction Subcommittee, BDC 13 : 7

Convcncr
DR R. K. GHOSH Centgraload Research Institute ( CSIR ), New

Members
Cnrss EN~INER~ National Buildings Construction Corporation Ltd,
New Delhi
SIIRI DALJIV SINGH (Altrrmtc)
( Continued on page 31)

2
 IS:2250-1981

Indian Standard
CODE OF PRACTICE FOR
PREPARATION AND USE OF
MASONRY MORTARS

( First Revision )
0. FOREWORD

0.1 This Indian Standard (First Revision ) was adopted by the Indian
Standards Institution on 27 February 1981, after the draft finalized by the
Building Construction Practices Sectional Committee had been approved
by the Civil Engineering Division Council.

0.2 Choice of masonry mortar is governed by several considerations, such

as type of masonry, situation of use, degree of exposure to weather,
strength re*quirements, besides special considerations like fire resistance,
insulation, rate of setting and hardening, etc. The ingredients for mortar
have also a wide variety. Cementitious ingredients may be cement or
lime or combinations of these and with or without addition of pozzolanas,
plasticizers, etc. The aggregates may be sand, burnt-clay aggregate or
cinder. As many of these ingredients have a wide variation in charac-
teristics, the proportions in which they are to be mixed depend largely on
practical experience with local materials. However, with the development
of standard specifications to govern the quality of cement, lime, sand and
other pozzolanic materials, it is possible to apply some of the basic
principles for selection and use of masonry mortars, which have accrued
as a result of research work in this field in the country and abroad. This
standard is intended to provide such guidance regarding properties and
use of masonry mortars.

0.3 This standard, published in 1965, was intended to bring out a long
felt uniformity in the variety of practices being followed by various
organizations in the country in the preparation of cement mortars, cement
lime mortars and their use is masonry works. A separate standard,
namely IS : 1625, was published in 1962 and revised in 197 1 covering
information regarding properties and preparation of lime mortars and
their use in masonrv works. The Sectional Committee resoonsible for
the preparation of ihis standard, while taking- up this revision, felt that
the requirements for both cement mortars and lime mortars should be

3
IS : 2250 - 1981

brought together in one standard. Thus, this revision is prepared

incorporating the provision of IS: 1625-1971” and to incorporate
improvements found necessary in the light of the usage of the standard,
and the suggestions made by various organizations implementing it.
IS : 1625-1971” will be withdrawn with the printing of this revision.

0.3.1 In this revision, number of changes have been incorporated. The

most significant being the gradation of masonry mortars only in terms of.
their minimum compressive strength ( at the age of 28 days), since
proportioning of mortars by loose volume would not allow adjustment to
take care of variations in the quality of the ingredients (see Table 1).
However, volumetric proportioning ( by loose volume ) being the only
practice being followed in the country, mortars in terms of different
nominal mix proportions and which would give the range of above
compressive strengths ( at the age of 28 days ) have also been included in
this revision as a guidance to the users. The technical committee
responsible for the preparation of this revision feels that where facilities
for determining the actual mix proportion corresponding to the specified
grade are not available, the nominal mixes as specified in this revision
may be used. The committee in this respect recognises the existence
of additional mixes other than what has been included in this revision,
which might provide greater flexibility of choice to the users, But it is
f+ that inclusion of all possible combinations might not only burden the
code but also might not be needed for the construction of great majority
of masonry. The committee also appreciates the necessity o[ reflecting
the expected increase in strength of lime based mortars after 28 days,
which is otherwise the basis of gradation of masonry mortars, and feels
the necessity of including a provision for taking advantage of this
expected increased strength. But in the absence of definite technical
data, the concept of substantial growth in strength of lime based mortars
after 28 days is being excluded from the present version. Investigations
are in progress and the information will be added in the standard as
and when available. Further, the method of mixing the ingredients for
various types of mortars has been dealt in detail in this revision and the
method of determining the compressive strength of mortars has been
modified. Only SI units have been used in this revision.

0.4 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this

standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated,
expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in
accordance with IS: 2-19607. The number of significant places retained
in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value
in this standard.

*Code of practice for preparation of lime mortar for use in buildings (Jirsl reaision )
tRules for rounding off numerical values ( rwirerll.

4
 IS : 2250 - 1981

1. SCOPE

1.1 This standard covers the preparation of masonry mortars and their
use in masonry works.
NOTE-Use of mud mortars, gypsum mortars and bituminous mortars is not
covered in this standard.

2. TERMINOLOGY

2.0 For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions in addition
to those given in IS : 6508-1972* and IS : 4305-1967t shall apply.

2.1 Mortar - Mortar is a homogeneous mixture, produced by intimately

mixing cementitious materials, water and inert materials, such as sand,
to the required consistency for use in building together with masonry
units.

2.2 Lime Mortar - A mortar containing lime and sand.

2.3 Composite Mortar-A mortar containing cement and lime in

addition to other ingredients.
‘)1
2.4 Grade of Masonry Mortar -The ‘grade’ of a masonry mortar
will be defined by its compressive strength in N/mm2 at the age
of 28 days, as determined by the standard procedure detailed in
Appendix A.

2.5 Consistency -The working consistency of a mortar or plastering

mix as judged by the worker from its behaviour during application. Its
assessment includes characteristics, such as initial fluidity, water
retentivity, etc.

2.6 Hardening -The physio-chemical changes observed in a mortar

due to the effect of one or more of the following phenomena:

a) Absorption of carbon dioxide,

b) Recrystallization, and
c) Chemical reaction.

2.7 Setting - The physical and chemical changes observed in a mortar

mainly due to the hydration of hydraulic constituents of the mortar or
due to the interaction of some of the constituents or a combination of both
the types of reactions.

*Glossary of terms relating to building lime.

tGlossary of terms relating to potizolana.

5
IS : 2250 - 1981

2.8 Water Retentivity - The ability of mortars to retain water against

suction and evaporation in general. It is indirectly a measure of the
workability of mortars. It is measured by the flow of mortar when
tested on a standard Aow table before and after application of a specified
suction ( see Appendix C ).

2.9 Workability -That property of freshly mixed mortar which

determines the ease and homogeneity with which it can be mixed, placed,
compacted and finished. It is the amount of energy to overcome
friction and cause full consolidation.

3. NECESSARY INFORMATION

3.1 Proper selection of mortars for various uses depends upon the
following factors:

4 Type of masonry, namely brick work, stone work, concrete

block work, etc, and strength of individual masonry unit;

b) Situation of use of the masonry, namely, whether in foundation,

superstructure, etc. Conditions of surrounding soil in the case
of foundation work;

c) Load which the masonry will have to bear;

4 Conditions of exposure to weather or soil conditions in the case

of masonry buried below ground level;

e) Type and grading of fine aggregates to be used in the mortar,

namely, whether sand, burnt-clay aggregate or cinder aggregate;

f 1 In the case of hydraulic structures weathering conditions under

water contact and under water head action; and

9) In case of use in storage of acidic or alkaline substances like

fertilizers.

4. MATERIALS

4.1 Cement - Cement used in the preparation of masonry mortar shall

conform to either IS : 269-I 976* or 4551976t or IS : 1489-1976: or

*Specification for ordinary and low heat Portland cement ( third revision).
tSpecification for Portland slag cement f third r&ion ).
$Specification for Portland-pozzolana cement ( second rcuirion i.
 .IS : 2250 - 1981

IS : 3466-1967* or IS : 8041-1978t or IS : 8043-1978: and IS : 8112-19769.

4.2 Fine Aggregate

4.2.1 Sand - shall conform to IS : 2116-l 98Ojl.

4.2.2 Burnt-clay, fly ash and cinder aggregate shall conform to

IS: 3182-19751, IS : 3812 ( Part III)-1966** and IS : 2686-1977tf.

4.3 Lime - shall conform to IS : 712-1973$$.

4.3.1 Hydraulic and semihydraulic limes corresponding to class A, B

and E of IS : 712-1973:: are eminently suitable for use in masonry
mortars, whereas fat limes corresponding to class C and D will require
mixing of burnt clay pozzolana or other pozzolanic materials. Class
C and D limes may also be used with addition of cement and pozzolanic
materials.

4.3.2 Class A lime of IS : 712-1973:: shall be supplied as hydrated lime

alone. Class B, C, D and E lime as specified in IS : 712-1973:: shall be
supplied both as quick lime and hydrated lime. Quick lime shall never
be used for structural purpose. It must be slacked first. Slaking at
site of work shall be done in accordance with IS : 1635-1975&

NOTE - The quality and characteristics of lime are considerably influenced by

the method of slaking in addition to the chemical composition. Also, inadequately
slaked particles of lime will continue to hydrate after the lime is used in the mortar
and consequently lead to defects, such as popping, blowing, crack development,
etc.

4.4 Lime Pozzolaha Mixture - shall conform to IS : 4098-19671111.

*Specification for masonry cement (/;rst r&&n ).

tSpecification for rapid hardening Portland cement (jirst reuision).
$Specification for hydrophobic Portland cement (jr& revision).
§Specification for high strength ordinary Portland cement.
l/Specification for sand for masonry mortars (Jirst reviFLm).
7JSpecification for broken brick ( burnt clay) fine aggregate for use in lime mortar
( jirstr&ion ) .
**Specification for fly ash: ‘Part III For use as fine aggregate for mortar and
concrete.
ttSpecification for cinder aggregates for use in lime concrete (JirJt revision).
$tSpecification for building limes ( second reuision).
$$Code of practice for field slacking of building lime and preparation of putty
(first revision) .
l!JSpecification for lime-pozzolana mixture.

7
IS : 2250 - 1981

4.5 Pozzolana

4.5.1 Burnt Clay Pozzolana - shall conform to IS: 1344-1968*.

4.5.2 & Ash - shall conform to IS : 3812 ( Part I )-19667.

4.6 Water - Water used for making masonry mortars shall be clean
and free from injurious quantities of deleterious materials. Potable water
is generally considered satisfactory for use in masonry mortar. For
further requirements regarding limits of deleterious materials permitted
reference may be made to IS : 456-1978:.

4.7 Storage of Materials - Storage of materials shall Be in accordance

with IS : 4082-19779.

5. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

5.1 Durability

5.1.1 The durability of masonry mortars depends upon the following

factors:

a) Volumetric changes during the process of setting, hardening, and

later due to temperature variations or due to moisture move-
ments in the surroundings, and the extent to which the mortar
will internally accommodate the stresses induced by these
volumetric changes before yielding;

b) The nature and distribution of the resulting cracks, whether as

fine cracks well-distributed throughout or large localized
cracks;

c) The extent to which the bond between the mortar and the
masonry units is ruptured by volumetric changes and structural
movements resulting not only in reduction in strength of masonry
but also in provision of channels of seepage for water and other
solution into the masonry which would further the process of
deterioration; and

d) Resistance to chemical attack in aggressive environment.

“Specification for burnt clay pozzolana (jrst re:~irion ).

@pecification for fly ash: Part I For use as pozzolana.
SCode of practice for plain and reinforced concrete ( third rmision).
SRecommendations on stacking and storage of construction materials at site
( /id reoision) .

8
 IS:2250 -1981

5.1.2 All mortars are likely to deteriorate to a greater or lesser extent

under prolonged exposure to the environment. The rate of deterioration
depends not only upon the composition of the mar-tar, but also upon
thorough, uniform and intimate mixing and the workmanship in laying
the masonry.

5.1.3 E$ect of Volume Change

5.1.3.1 In the early stages, when mortar is green, temperature

fluctuations and variations in moisture content cause volume changes
that are detrimental to a masonry mortar in course of time. Generally,
the effect of temperature fluctuations is negligible compared to that of
moisture variation. If there is excessive volume change due to alternate
wetting and drying, the bond between the mortar and the masonry is
liable to be destroyed, causing cracks to appear in the hard set mortar.

5.1.3.2 Since lime mortars undergo only negligible volume change

after setting and initial shrinkage and the hardening of the mortar is
also a slow process, the mortar is able to retain its bond with the masonry
unit and be free from cracks.

5.1.3.3 Lime mortars are also able to take normal movements in

masonry mortar caused by volume changes by virtue of internal
accommodation; in this process it will undergo elastic or creep deformations
and may recover fully or partly. The extensibility of masonry mortar,
which indicates its capacity for internal accommodation, ranges from 2
to 3 x 10-4. This is generally larger than the volume change
( maximum shrinkage) that normally occurs in lime mortars on
hardening. Because of the accommodation of the mortar, the stresses
that develop due to various deformations, such as expansion, contraction
and deflection, will get distributed in the mortar and their intensities
will be low.

5.1.4 Resistance to Sulphate Attack - The sources of sulphate giving rise

to this trouble will be:

a) in exceptional circumstances, sulphate derived from the brick

constituting the masonry unit;
b) sulphate contained in the sand or fine aggregate use-l in the
mortar where sulphate content in these has to be allowed high
from economic consideration; and
c) sulphate from soil in the case of masonry in contact with soil.

5.1.4.1 The cement in the mortar will undergo expansive reaction

in the presence of sulphate, which will lead to cracks in the mortar.
Where serious sulphate attack is expected, Portland slag cement, or

9
r ---.-..__

IS:2250 - 1981

Portland pozzolana cement may preferably be used instead of ordinary

Portland cement. Other general precautions to be taken against sulphate
attack in masonry design as well as workmanship are covered in
IS: 2212-1962*.
5.2 Hardening of Mortar-A masonry mortar should harden at
such a rate that it causes no delay in the progress of work, but at the
same time it is able to retain its plastic properties for a sufficient interval
till the initial shrinkage of the mortor is complete. This will minimize
the danger of cracks and opening of joints in masonry. The rate of
hardening of lime mortars is slower than that of cement mortars, but is
satisfactory for most of the normal building works, except where high
strength is required.

5.3 Strength Development

5.3.1 Strength development is an, important requirement before
masonry is loaded to the full extent, and the rate of construction should
synchronize&th the development of the strength on masonry, particularly
in the case of masonry with weak mortars, Extra time shall be allowed
for hardening of mortar when the atmospheric temperature during
construction is very low ( minimum 5% in 24 h ). The period will have
to be increased by 100 percent for the time during which the temperature
remains below 5°C and by 50 percent for the time when temperature is
between 5 and 10°C.
5.3.2 The strength of lime mortars is dependent on the class of lime
(see IS: 712-1973t) and other constituents used in the mortar
(see Table 1 ). Incorporation of cement and/or pozzolana in lime mortar
mixes made with Class B and Class E lime will increase the strength and
rate of hardening of the mortars without appreciably reducing
workability.
5.4 Qpantity of Water-The quantity of water to be added to the
mortar shall be such that the working consistency (see 2.1 ) is obtained.
Excess water shall be avoided.

6. GRADE OF MORTAR
6.1 Masonry mortars shall preferably be specified by the grade in terms
of their minimum compressive strength as given in Table 1. Masonry
mortars in terms of mix proportion which gives the range of compressive
strength ( at the age of 28 days ) values are also given in Table 1 for
guidance.
NOTE - The compressive strength of mortar shall be determined in accordance
with the procedure given in Appendix A.

*Code of practice for brickwork.

+Specification for building limes (second r&ion j.

10
 IS:2250 - 1981

TABLE 1 GRADE OF MASONRY MORTARS

(Clauses 0.3.1, 5.3.2 and 6.1 )

SL GRADE MORTAR MIX ( BY LOOSE VOLU~ME) C~MPRESJIVE

No ~-__-_._--__-_- h-_----_-_--7 STRENGTHAT
kkment Lime Pozzolana Lime Sand 28 DAYS
Pozzolana
Mixture

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

N/mm’

1 MM 0.5 0 1RorE 0 0 3

2 0 0 0 1.25 I 0’5 to 0.7

( .;-7 )
3 0 lC0rD 1 2 J

4 MM 0.7 0 0 0 1.5 1
( LG-20 )
5 0 0 0 2.25 ;
(LF$)
6 1 3CorD 0 12 0.7 to 1’5
I
7 1 0 0 0

8 1 0 0.4’ 0 810 J

9 MM 1.5 0 0 0 1.25 1
( ,.;-20 )
10 0 0 0 2 1

11 1 0 0 ( Lpd40 ) I
7 : 1’5 to2
12 1 0 0.4” 0 8.75 1

13 0 1A 0 0 3 J

1
14 MM2 0 1A 0 0
2

i
15 0 1CorD 3’ 0 0

16 1 2C or D 0 0 9 ) 2to3

17 0 0 0 1
( LPI-20 )
18 0 0 0 l-75 J
( Llh )

( Continued)
1s :2250- 1981

TABLE 1 GRADE OF MASONRY MORTARS -. Contd

GRAPE MQRTAR MIX (BY LOOSE Vo~unm) COIRPRESSI~E
No -- h__________~ STRENGTH
AT

‘Cement Lime Pozzolana Lime Sand 28 DAYS

Pozzolana ’
Mixture

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7; (8)

N/mm2
19 MM3 0 1CorD ‘” 0 *O
20 1 1CorD 0 0 ’ 0 1

21 1 0 rl 0 6 I
22 0 If1 0 0 1 i
23 1t 0 0.21’ 0 .4.2 i 3 to j
24 0 0 0 1
I.5
( +o ‘I /
25 1 0 0.4’ ’ 7.5 /
26 MM3 1 0 0 a 12 j
CL?-20 1 I J
27 MM5 1 0 to f E, c, 0 0 4 -j
D or E
28 1 0 0 0
29 0 0 0 : i 5t07.5
( 1.$4” )
30 1 0 0’4 6’25
31 1 0 0.4 0 5 J
32 MM 7.5 1 &Cor D .O 0 3 1
33 1 ;tC0rD 0 0 4.5 1
34 1 0 0 0 4 ’
35 1t 0’ o-2* 0 i” 1 7.5 and abdvc~
36 1 0 0 0
37 I 0 0.4 0 3.75 I
.38 MM 7.5 1 0 0 8 I
( Lp1-20 ) J
NOTE 1 - A, B, C, D and E denote the classses of limes to be used [see
IS : 712-1973 Specification for building lime ( revised) 1.
NOTE 2-The strength values of lime mortars given in the table are after wet
grinding of the mortar ingredients.
NATE 3 - The cofnpressive strength shall be determined in accordance with the
procedure given in Appendix A.
*Pozzolana ofminimum lime reactivity of 4 N/mm*.
tThis ratio by voltime corrospondes approximately to cement pozzolana ratio
of 0.8 : 0.2. bv weight. In this case, only ordinary Portland cement is to be used
[see IS,: 269-1976 Specification for ordinary rapid hardening and low heat Portland
cement ( third r&ion ) 1.

12
 IS :~2250 - 1981

7. CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF MASONRY MORTARS

7.1 The selection of masonry mortars from durability considerations

will have to cover both the loading and exposure conditions of the
masonry. The requirements for masonry mortar shall generally be as
specified in 7.1.1 to 7.1.6 (see also Table 1 ). .

7.1.1 In the case of masonry exp’osed frequently to rains and where

there is further protection by way of plastering or rendering or other
finishes, the grade of mortar shall not be less than MM 0.7 but shall
preferably be of grade MM 2. Where no protection is provided, the
grade of mortar for external walls shall riot be less than MM 2.

7.1.2 In the case of load bearing internal walls, the grade of mortar
shall preferably be MM 0.7 or more for high durability but in no case
less than MM O-5.

7.1.3 In the case of masonry in foundations laid below damp-proof

course, the grades of morter for use in masonry shall be as specified
below:

a) Where soil has little moisture, masonry mortar of grade not

less than MM 0.7 shall be used;

b) Where soil is very damp, masonry mortar of grade preferably

MM 2 or more shall be used. But in no case shall the grade
of mortar be less than MM 0’7; and

c) Where soil is saturated with water, masonry mortar of grade

MM 3 shall be used but in no case shall the grade of mortar
be less than MM 2.

7.1.4 For masonry in buildings’ subject to vibration of machinery, the

grade of mortar shall not be less than MM 3.

7.1.5 For parapets, where the height is greater than thrice the
thickness, the grade of masonry mortar used shall not be less than MM 3.
In the case of low parapets, the grade of mortar shall be the same as
used in the wall masonry below..

7.1.6 The grade of mortar for bedding joints in masonry with large
concrete blocks shall not be less than MM 3.

8. PREPARATION OF MASONRY MORTARS

8.1 Proportioning - Cement shall be proportioned only by full bags.

Hydrated lime, pozzolana and, aggregates shall be measured by volume
using gauge boxes of suitable capacity.

13
IS : 2250 - 1981

8.1.1 The quantities of some of the ingredients for measurement may

also be taken on the basis of the unit weight. The unit weight of some
of the materials in loosely placed condition are given in Table 2 for
conversion from weight to volume.

TABLE 2 UNIT WEIGHT OF MATERIALS IN LOOSELY PLACED

CONDITION

SL MATERIAL UNIT WEIGHT

No. g/m?

9 Sand ( dry ) Variable

( seeNote )

ii) Lime-pozzolana
mixture 700 to 840 ,

iii) Pozzolana:

a) Burnt-clay
pozzolana 775 to 945

b) Fly ash 570 to 600

iv) Dry hydrated

lime 630 to 770

NOTE 1 -Loosely placed condition is achieved by pouring or filling the material

in the container loosely, that is, without giving any jerk to the container.
NOTE 2 -The unit weight of dry and loose sand shall be found by actual field
measurement.

8.2 Preparation of Cement Mortar - Mixing shall be done

preferably in a mechanical mixer. If done by hand, the operation shall be
carried out on a clean watertight platform. Cement and sand shall be
mixed dry in the required proportions to obtain a uniform colour. The
required quantity of water shall then be added and the mortar mixed to
produce a workable consistency. In the case of mechanical mixing, the
mortar shall be mixed for at least three minutes after addition of water;
in the case of hand mixing, the mortar shall be hold back and forth for
5 to 10 minutes with addition of water.

8.2.1 Generally, only as much quantity of cement mortar as would be

sufficient for 30 minutes, work shall be mixed at a time.

14
 IS : 2250 - 1981

8.3 Preparation of Lime Mortar

8.3.1 Slaking of Lime - If lime is supplied in the form of quick lime,

it shall be slaked and run into putty, if necessary, in accordance with
IS : 1635-1975*.

8.3.2 Mixing of Lime Mortars

8.3.2.1 Putty and sand in the specified proportions shall be mixed

with or without addition of water on a dry waterproof platform or in a
mixer. The mix shall then be fed into a mortar mill with the required
addition of water. The mortar shall be raked continuously during
grinding, particularly in the angular edges of the mortar mill. Water
may be added during grinding as required, but care shall be takennot
to add more water than to bring the material to the working consistency.
The mixing shall be done till every particle of the aggregate is coated
uniformly with the cementitious material.
NOTE - Grinding of lime mortars shall be done, if necessary.

8.3.2.2 Dry hydrated lime and sand in specified proportions shall be

mixed dry first and shall then be fed into a mortar mill with required
additions of water. The mixing shall be done in accordance
with 8.3.2.1.
NOTE- When factory made dry hydrated lime conforming fo IS : 712-19731 is
used, grinding of the lime and sand in the mortar mill is not necessary.

8.3.3 Generally, only as much quantity of lime mortar ( except

made with Class A lime ) as would be sufficient for day’s work shall be
mixed at a time. If eminently hydraulic lime ( Class A ) is present as an
ingredient, the ‘mortar shall be used within 4 hours after grinding.

8.4 Preparation of Composite Mortar

8.4.1 Where coarse sand is used, the lime putty and sand in the
required proportions shall, after preliminary mixing tin a watertight
platform, with necessary addition of water, be ground in a mortar mill
taking care to rake up continuously the mortar particularly at the corners,
and also adding water as and when required during grinding. This mix
shall then be transferred to a mechanical mixer to which the required
quantity of cement is added and the content mixed for at least three
minutes.

*Code of practice for field slaking of building lime and preparation of putty
(Jirst revision) .
tspecificatinn for building limes ( secondreuision ).

15
IS:2250-1981

8.4.2Where fine sand is used, the mixing operations shall be done in

the same manner as in 8.4.1, except that grinding may be omitted for the
preliminary mixing of lime putty and sand.
NOTE- When factory made dry hydrated lime conforming to IS : 712-1973* is
used, grinding of lime and sand in the mortar mill is not necessary.

8.4.3If the mixture of lime putty and sand is not used immediately
for mixing with cement, it shall be kept protected from drying out till the
time of use.

8.4.4 When adding water in the mortar during mixing operations, it

shall be ensured that it is added only to the extent necessary for obtaining
working consistency for the mortar and not more.

8.4.5 Where pozzolana is used in the mortar, the pozzolana shall first
be mixed with the lime in the specified proportions and ground in a
mortar mill with the addition of required quantity of water. Sand
shall then be added to the mix and mixing and grinding repeated till
every aggregate particle gets coated uniformly with the cementitious
material. Mixing after addition of cement shall be done in the same
manner as described in 8.4.1 in a mechanical mixer.

8.4.6 Generally, only as much quantity of composite mortar as would

be sufficient for 4 hours, work shall be mixed at a time.

8.5 Preparation of Mortars Using Lime-PoLzolana Mixtures -

Mortars using lime-pozzolana mixtures shall be prepared in the same
manner as described in 8.2.

8.5.1Mortars with lime-pozzolana mixture of type LP 20 and LP 40

as binder shall be used within 4 hours from the time of mixing of the
mortar, whereas mortars which have hydraulic lime ( Class B ) or fatlime
( Class C ) and pozzolana or lime-pozzola.na mixture of type LP 7 as
ingredients, but do not have either Portland cement or eminently
hydraulic lime ( Class A ) shall be used within 12 to 24 hours from the
time of mixing of the mortar.

8.6 Retempering of Mortars

8.6.1 In the case of mortar using cement, the mortar that has stiffened
because of evaporation of water from the mortar may be re-tempered by
adding water as frequently as needed to restore the requirements of
consistency. But this re-tempering shall be permitted only within tj0
minutes from the time of addition of cement.

*Specification for huilding limes ( second reoision ).

16
 IS : 2250 - 1981

9. CONSISTENCY OF MASONRY MORTARS

9.1 The working consistency of the mortar is usually judged by the worker
during application. The water should be enough to maintain the
fluidity of the mortar during application, but at the same time it shall
not be excessive leading to segregation of aggregates from the cementi-
tious material. ‘The quantity of water needed for maintaining
consistency or fluidity will also depend upon the masonry to which the
mortar is used; for example, thinner joints will require greater fluidity;
bed joints subject to heavy pressure may require stiffer mortar. Also, the
mortar should be able to hold the water against suction by the masonry
unit, particularly in the case of burnt clay and concrete products.

9.1.1 The consistency of mortars shall be measured in accordance with

the procedure given in Appendix B and the following values of depth of
penetration are recommended.
For laying walls with solid bricks 90 to 130 mm
For laying perforated bricks 70 to 80 mm
For filling cavities 130 to 150 mm

9.2 Water Retentivity --Measurement of water retentivity may be

necessary only in the case where mortar is to be used with masonry unit
which has got high suction characteristics. Water retentivity shall be
determined as described in Appendix C and the flow after suction in the
test shall not be less than 70 percent of the flow before suction.

10. SAMPLING OF FRESHLY MIXED MASONRY MORTARS

10.1 Apparatus - The following apparatus is required:

a) According to the method being used, either a metal receptacle

ofnot less than 1 litre capacity or a scoop; and
b) Airtight containers.

10.2 Procedure - Samples shall be obtained by taking uniformly

distributed increments ( preferably from material in motion, provided
this can be carried out in safety ), and mixed to form a thoroughly
combined bulk sample. The number of increments and the size of bulk
sample necessary will depend upon the quality of the material and its
variability and the accuracy of the test results required.

10.2.1 Batch Mixes -The mortar shall be sampled at the discharge

point of a batch from the mixer. Not less than three increments shall
be taken at about the times when one-quarter, one-half and three-
quarters of the batch have been discharged. The increments shall be

17
IS :2250 - 1981

taken by passing the dry, clean, metal receptacle across the stream of
mortar in such a manner as to coliect a thoroughly representative sample
of mortar.
18.2.2 Hand Mixes - The mortar shall be turned over with clean, dry
shovel and samples taken by means of the scoop at regular spacings
throughout the mass.
10.2.3 Heaps - In the case of heaps, the increments shall be taken from
material well below the surface in at least twelve different places in the
mass, distributed in a regular manner, so as to ensure, when mixed,
a thoroughly representative combined sample.
10.2.4 Reduction of Bulk Sample - The increments or sub-samples taken
in accordance with any of the methods described above shall immediately
be combined and thoroughly mixed and reduced to a sample of not less
than 10 kg and placed in one or more airtight containers.
NOTE- If consistency test is to be made on a sample, arrangements shall be
made to carry out the tests at the point of sampling.

10.3 Particulars of Sample - The following particulars shall be

recorded and the sample container marked accordingly:
a) The date,
b) Place and method of sampling, and
c) The date of preparation and the quantity of the batch or
consignment.

APPENDIX A
( Clauses 2.4, 6.1, and Table 1 )
DETERMINATION OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF
MASONRY MORTAR

A-l. OBJECT
A-l.1 To determine the compressive strength of the masonry mortars.

A-2. APPARATUS
A-2.1 Scales - The scales used in weighing materials for mortar mixes
shall conform to the following requirements:
On scales in use, the permissible variation at a load of 2 000 g
shall be & 2.0 g. The permissible variation on new scales shall be
one-half of this value. The sensibility reciprocal shall be not
greater than twice the permissible variation.

18
 IS t 2250 - 1981

A-2.2 Specimen and Moulds - The test specimens shall be cubes of

size 50 mm and shall conform to the requirements given in A-2.2.1.

A-2.2.1 Cube Moulds - The moulds for the 50 mm cube specimen shall
be metal not attacked by cement, cement-pozzolana mixture or lime-
pozzolana mixture and there shall be sufficient strength and stiffness to
prevent spreading and warping. The moulds shall be rigidly constructed
in such a manner as to facilitate the removal of the moulded specimen
without damage. The moulds shall be machined so that when assembled
ready for use, the dimensions and internal faces shall be accurate to the
following limits:
The height of the mould and the distance between the opposite
faces shall be 50 f O-1 mm. The angle between adjacent interior
faces and between interior faces and top and bottom planes of the
mould shall be 90 f 0.5 degrees. The interior faces of the moulds
shall be plane surfaces with a permissible variation of 0.03 mm.
Each mould shall be provided with a base plate having a plane
surface machined to a tolerance O-10 mm and made of non-
absorbent, non-corridible and non-reactive material. The base
plate shall be of such dimensions as to support the mould during
the filling without leakage.
The parts of the mould when assembled shall be positively held
together, and suitable methods of ensuring this, both during the
filling and on subsequent removal of the filled mould, shall be
provided in order to prevent the moulded specimen from damage.

A-2.3 Mixing Apparatus - The mixing apparatus shall conform to the

requirements specified in A-2.3.1 and A-2.3.2.
A-2.3.1, Mixer - The mixer shall be an electrically driven mechanical
mixer which shall consist essentially of the following:
a) A stainless steel mixing bowl with a nominal capacity of 5 litres
of the shape and dimensions as shown in Fig. 1 and provided
with rneans by which it can be securely fixed to the mixing frame
during mixing, and
b) A mixer blade of the form and dimensions shown in Fig. 2
revolving about its axis as it is driven in a planetary movement
around the bowl by an electric motor.

A-2.3.1.1 The two directions of rotation shall be opposite. The

speed of rotation during mixing shall be as follows:
a) Blade revolving about its own axis 140 f 5 rev/min
b) Planetary movement 62 f. 5 rev/min
NOTE - The above bowl and blade shall be used when the mass of the solid
material including putty is between 3 and 4.5 kg.

19
IS : 2250 - 1981

--200 DIA
3 R- I
1
__ ____ -_---_-_--e-m _______________________

f3 r-.-__==:‘===3c,
r-__
+---_
==r-pf
,
4
1 1 ,& SIDE HANDLE

1
\ :
k -BACK BOWL ‘t=- z_-;
PIN ASSY

All dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 1 MIXING BOWL

20
 IS : 2250 - 1981

All dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 2 PADDLE

21
IS : 2250 - 1981

A-2.3.2 A plastic scraper.

A-2.4Tamping Rod- A metal bar 25 mm square and 200 mm long.

A-2.5 Trowel -This shall have a steel blade 100 to 150 mm in length
with straight edges.

A-2.6 Flow Table - The flow table shall be as given in IS : 5512-1969*.

A-3. PREPARATION OF MOULDS

A-3.1 The interior faces of the specimen moulds shall be thinly covered
with mineral oil or light cup grease. After the moulds are assembled,
excessive oil or grease shall be removed from the interior faces and the
top and bottom surfaces of each mould. Moulds shall then be set on
plane, non-absorbent non-corrodible and non-reactive base plates that
have been thinly coated with mineral oil, petralatum, or light cup
grease.

A-4. PREPARATION OF MORTAR

A-4.1 The mortar shall be of the materials and proportions intended for
use in the construction mixed to give a flow of 110 to 115. The mixing
procedure for sample made in the laboratory shall be as given
in A-4.2.1.

A-4.1.1 Trial Mixing - Trial mortars shall be made with specified

proportion of dry ingredients and adding different percentages of water
wtil the specified flow is obtained. Each trial shall be made with fresh
mortars, The mixing shall be done mechanically as described
in A-4.1.1.1 to’ A-4.1.1.5.
A-4.1.1.1 The mixing of the ingredients shall be carried out at a
temperature of 27 & 2°C and all ingredients before mixing shall be
brought to the same temperature.
A-4.1.1.2 The dry ingredients shall then be placed in the mixing
bowl and mixed for 30 seconds. Over the next 30 seconds, while mixing,
water shall be poured at a uniform rate into the bowl and the mixing
shall be continued for 60 seconds.
A-4.1.1.3 The mixer shall then be stopped and the paddle and sides
of the bowl shall be cleaned down in about 15 seconds with the plastic
scraper. The bowl shall be covered with a damp cloth and the mortar
be allowed to stand for a period of 10 minutes.

*Specification for flow table for use in tests of hydraulic cements and pozzolanic
materials.

22
 IS:2250 - 1981

A-4.1.1.4 The mortar shall then be remixed for 60 seconds.

A-4.1.1.5 When using lime putty, the procedure shall be as described

above, except that the sand and lime putty shall be premixed by hand
or in the mixer until the lime appears to be uniformly distributed.

A-4.2 Remixing of Mortars in the Laboratory - Samples of mortar

received in the laboratory for testing shall be examined for any leakage or
evaporation and segregation or bleeding of the liquid. The whole of the
sample, with any liquid which has separated or has condensed inside the
container, shall be transferred as completely as possible to an
impermeable working surface and remixed, using a trowel, until it
appears homogeneous.
A-4.2.1 The top of the flow table shall be carefully wiped clean,
dried and the flow mould shall be placed at the centre. A layer of
mortar about 25 mm in thickness and mixed in accordance with A-4.1.1
shall be placed in the mould and tamped 20 times with the tamping rod.
The tamping pressure shall be just sufficient to ensure uniform filling of
the mould. The mould shall then be filled to overflow with mortar
and tamped, as specified for the first layer. The mortar shall be cut off
plane and level with the top of the mould by drawing the straight edge
of a trowel ( held perpendicular to the mould) with a sawing motion
across the top of the mould. The top of the table shall be wiped clean
and dried, taking care to remove any water from around the edge of the
flow mould. The mould shall then be lifted away from the mortar and
the flow table shall be immediately dropped through a height of 12.5 mm,
25 times in 15 seconds. The flow is the resulting increase in average
base diameter of the mortar mass, measured on at least four diameters
at approximately equispaced intervals expressed as a percentage of the
original base diameter.

A-5. TEST SPECIMENS

A-5.1 Cubes -The mould as prepared under A-3.1 shall be filled with
the mortar to about half height and the layer compacted by tamping it
with the tamping rod ( see A-2.4 ) in a uniform manner over the mortar
surface in such a way as to produce full compaction of the mortar with
neither segregation nor excessive laitance. The mould shall then be
completely filled and the upper layer of the mortar compacted in a
similar manner, after which the surface of the mortar shall be struck off
plane and level with the top of the mould, using a trowel ( see A-2.5 ).

A-5.2 Curing and Storage of Test Specimens - The specimens shall

be stored at a place free from vibration, either in moist air at a temperature
of 27 f 2°C and relative humidity of not less than 90 percent or under
damp sacks, matting or other suitable damp material covered

23
IS : 2250 - 1981

completely with polyethylene or other similar imprevious sheeting, at a

temperature of 27 f 2°C for 1 to 3 days, depending on the early
strength of the mortar, from the time of adding the water to the other
ingredients. The specimen shall then be marked for later identifications,
removed from the moulds and stored in clean water until the time of test.
The temperature of the storage water shall be 27 f 2°C.

NOTE - Lime mortar cubes may, however, be stored in the laboratory air at a
temperature of 27 & 2°C for the entire curing period.

A-5.2.1 When cubes are made at site, records of the maximum and
minimum air and water storage temperature shall be kept during the
period, using maximum and minimum thermometers or continuous
recording instruments. The cubes shall be sent to the testing laboratory
when they are not less than 3 days nor more than 7 days old, well
packed in damp sand or in wet sacks, and when necessary enclosed in
polyethylene bag or sealed container, SO that they arrive at the laboratory
in a damp condition not less than 24 h before the time of test. On
arrival at the testing laboratory, the cubes shall be stored in clean water
maintained at a temperature of 27 f 2°C until the time of test.

A-5.3 Number of Specimens - Three or more specimens shall be

made for each period of test specified.

A-6. PROCEDURE

A-6.1 The specimen shall be tested immediately on removal from the

curing water in which it has been stored and while it is still in a wet
condition. Any loose material shall be removed from the sides of the
specimen. The dimensions of the specimen shall be noted before testing.
The bearing surfaces of the testing machine shall be wiped clean and the
specimen shall be placed in the machine in such a manner that the load
shall be applied to opposite sides of the cube as cast, that is, not to the
top and bottom.

A-6.2 The axis of the cube shall be carefully aligned with the centre of
thrust of steel plates bearing the testing machine. No packing other than
auxiliary steel plates shall be used between the faces of the specimen and
steel platens of the testing machine.

A-6.3 The load on the specimen shall be applied without shock and at a
uniform rate of 2N/mm2 to 6N/mm* per minute until failure occurs.

A-6.4 The maximum load at failure shall be noted.

24
 IS: 2250 -1981

A-7. CALCULATION

A-7.1 The compressive strength shall be calculated as follows:

Maximum load at failure (N)
ComPressive strength (N/mm”) = Cross-sectional area ( mm2 )

A-7.1.1 The individual results shall be calculated to the nearest

0.05 N/mm2.

A-8. REPORT

A-8.1 The average of all the determinations shall be reported.

APPENDIX B
(Clause 9.1.1 )
DETERMINATION OF CONSISTENCY OF MASONRY
MORTAR

B-l. OBJECT

B-l.1 To determine the consistency of masonry mortar.

B-2. APPARATUS

B-2.1 This shall consist of a standard cone weighing 300 f 2 g, 150 mm

in height, and a diameter at a base of 75 mm. The cone is mounted on
a vertical shaft fastened to an adjustable holder. The holder has a
mechanism which releases the shaft. The apparatus has also an
instrument dial which records the depth of penetration of the cone into
the mortar mix kept in a conical container below.

B-2.1.1 The conical container for mortar shall be 180 mm deep with a
diameter at top of 150 mm.

B-2.2 Flow Table - This shall be as given in IS : 5512-1969*.

B-3. PROCEDURE

B-3.1 The conical container shall be filled with mortar mix -to a level
that is 1 cm below its rim. Mortar mix shall be placed in a conical
mould in one continuous operation and shall be compacted by tamping

*Specification for flow table for use in tests of hydraulic cements and pozzolanic
materials.

25
IS : 2250 - 1981

rod as given in A-2.4. The mould filled with mortar mix is bumped 5
or 6 times over a flow table so as to level the surface of the mortar. The
container shall be placed over the base below the penetration cone of the
apparatus, as shown in Fig. 3. The apex of the penetrating cone shall
be brought first in contact with the surface of the mortar and the cone
clamped in position. The instrument dial is set to be in contact with a
cone at this position. The cone is then released and allowed to sink into
the mortar mix. After the cone has stopped penetrating into the mortar,
the dial is once more set to record the position of the cone and the
difference between dial readings before and after penetration gives the
depth of penetration of the cone into the mortar.

B-3.1.1 The test shall be repeated on another sample of the mortar.

B-4. REPORT

B-4.1 The average of the two determinations shall be reported as the

consistency of the mortar.

B-5. FIELD TEST

B-5.1 For quick field determination, the procedure may be further

simplified. The shaft of the cone shall be held by hand in a
perpendicular position so as to be in contact with the surface of the mortar
and gently released to sink into the mortar taking care that the shaft
remains vertical during penetration. The depth of penetration may be
computed from the measurement of the wetted depth along the surface
of the cone.

APPENDIX C
( Clnuses 2.8 and 9.3 )
DETERMINATION OF WATER RETENTIVITY OF
MASONRY MORTAR

C-l. OBJECT

C-L.1 TO determine the water retentivity characteristics of masonry

mortar.

C-2. APPARATUS

C-2.1 Apparatus Asseebly for the Water Retention Test - For

the retention test, an apparatus essentially the same as that shown in Fig. 4
shall be used. This apparatus consists of a water aspirator or other

26
 IS :2250 - 1981

DIAL GAUGE ROD

INSTRUMENT DIAL

ADJUSTABLE HOLDER

PENETRATING

CONICAL
CONTAINER

FIG. 3 STANDARD C.ONE APPARATUS

27
p- --- .l_l.__ _._.

IS :2250 - 1981

1.1 TO 1.6 ‘$ HOLES

--LB HOLES

-42 HOLES

-36 HOLES
FILTER PAPER

All dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 4 APPARATUS ASSEMBLY FORWATERRETENTION
TEST

2%
 IS : 2250- 1981

source of vacuum controlled by a mercury column relief and connected

by way of a three-way stopcock to a funnel upon which rests a perforated
dish. The perforated dish shall be made of metal not attacked by
masonry mortars. The metal in the base of the dish shall have a
thickness of 1.7 to 1.9 mm and shall conform to the outline shown
Fig. 4. The bore of the stopcock shall have 4 mm diameter, and the
connecting glass tubing shall have a minimum inside diameter of 4 mm.
A mercury manometer, connected as shown in Fig. 4, indicates the
vaccum. A synthetic rubber gasket shall be permanently sealed to the
top ,of the funnel and shall be lightly coated with petrolatum or light cup
grease during the test to ensure a seal between the funnel and the dish.
Care shall be taken to ensure that none of the holes in the perforated
dish is clogged from the grease used on the rubber gasket. Hardened
filter paper of a grade equivalent to Carl Schieicher & Schuell filter paper
No. 576 or to Whatman No. 50 filter paper shall be used. It shall be of
such diameter that is will lie flat and completely cover the bottom of
the dish.

C-2.2 Straight Edge - Steel straight edge should be not less than
200 mm long, and not less than 1.5 mm nor more than 3 mm in thickness.

C-2.3 Other, ,Apparatus - Other apparatus required for the water

retention test shall conform to the requirements specified in Appendix A.

C-3. PROCEDURE

C-3.1 Adjust the mercury relief column so as to maintain a vacuum of

5 cm as measured on the manometer. Seat the perforated dish on the
greased gasket of the funnel. Place a wetted filter paper in the bottom
of the dish. ,Turn the stopcock to apply the vacuum to the funnel and
check the apparatus for leaks and to determine that the required suction
is obtained. Then turn the stopcock to shut off the vacuum from the
funnel.

C-3.2 Mix the mortar to a consistency to give a flow of 110 to 115 (see
3,l ). Immediately after makin, m the flow test return the mortar on
the flow table to the mixing bowl and remix the entire batch for 15
seconds at medium speed. Immediately after remixing of the mortar, fill
the perforated dish with the mortar to slightly above the rim. Tamp the
mortar 15 times with the tamper. Ten of the temping strokes shad1 be
applied at approximately uniform spacing adjacent to the rim of the dish
an d with the long axis of the tamping face held at right angles to the
radius of the dish. The remaining five tamping strokes shall be applied
at random points distributed over the central area of the dish. The
tamping pressure shall be just sufficient to ensure filling of the dish. On
completion of tamping, the top of the mortar should extend slightly above

29
IS:2250 - 1981

the rim of the dish. Smooth off the mortar by drawing the flat side of
the straight edge ( with the leading edge slightly raised ) across the top of
the dish. Then cut off the mortar to a plane surface flush with the rim
of the dish by drawing the straight edge with a sawing motion across the
top of the dish in two cutting strokes, starting each cut from near the
centre of the dish. If the mortar is pulled away from the side of the
dish during the process of drawing the straight edge across the dish,
gently press the mortar back into contact with the side of the dish using
the tamper.

C-3.3 Turn the stopcock to apply the vacuum to the funnel. The time
elapsed from the start of mixing the cement and water to the time of
applying the vaccum shall not exceed 8 minutes. After suction for 60
seconds quickly turn the stopcock to expose the funnel to atmospheric
pressure. ’ Immediately slide the perforated dish off from the funnel,
touch it momentarily on a damp cloth to remove droplets of water and
set the dish on the table. Then, using the bowl scraper, flow and mix
the mortar in the dish for 15 seconds. Upon campletion of mixing,
place the mortar in the flow mould and determine the flow. The entire
operation shall be carried out without interruption and as quickly as
possible, and shall be completed within an elapsed time of 11 minutes
after the start of mixing the cement and water for the first flow
determination.

C-4. CALCULATION

C-4.1 Calculate the water retention value for the mortar as follows:
A
Water retention value =7X 100

where
A = flow after suction, and
B = flow immediately after mixing.

30
 IS:2250- 1981
( Continucdfrom
page2 )

Members Rcpresmting
SHRI I.% CHOPRA Tirath Ram Ahuja Pvt Ltd, New Delhi
SHRI K.S. KHARB Institution of Surveyors, New Delhi
Sam JJZETMALHOTRA Indian Institute of Architects, Punjab
SHRI Y. K. MEHTA Concrete Association of India, Bombay
SERI V. D. LONDHE ( Alternate )
DR S. S. REHSI Cent;~or~u~lding Research Institute ( CSIR ),

SRRI B. K. JINDAL (Alternate)

SENIORCIVIL ENQINEER( DESIC+NS/ Railway Board, New Delhi
SPECIAL) NORTHERNRAILWAY
SRRI K. S. SRINIVASAN National Buildings Organization, New Delhi
ASSISTANTDIRECTOR( Afternah)
SUPERINTENDINNO E N o I N E E R Public Works Department, Government of Tamil
( PLANNING& DESIC+NS ) Nadu, Madras
EXECUTIVE ENQINEER,
( BUILDINQCENTRE) ( AItem& )
SUPER~NTENDINQEN~INEE.U AND Public Works & Housing Department, Bombay
DEPUTY SECRETARY(B)
SUPEBINTENDINQ SURVEYOR OF Central Public Works Department, New Delhi
WORKS ( FOOD)
SURVEYORB ox WORKS ( FOOD) ( Altcrwte )
SRRI K. M. TANDON Engineer-in-Chief’s Branch, Army Headquarters,
New Delhi
SHRI B. S. GOPALAN ( Altarnate )

31
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Plot No, A-9, House No. 561/63, Sindhu Nagar. Kanpur Road. 5 56 07
LUCKNOW 226005
Patliputra lndustria Estate, PATNA 800013 6 23 05
District Industries Centre Complex. Bagh-e-Ali Maidan
SRINAGAR 190011
T. C. No. 14/1421, University P. 0.. Palayam. 6 21 01,
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM 695034
fnspection Offices (With Sale Point) :
Pushpanjali. First Floor, 205-A West High Court Road 52 61 7’1
Shankar Nagar Square, NAGPUR 440010
Institution of Engineers (India) Building, 1332 Shivaji Nagar. 5 24 35
PUNE 411005

‘Sales Office Calcutta is at 5 Chowringhee Approach, 27 68 00

P. 0. Princep Street, CALCUTTA
t Sales Office is at Novelty Chambers, Grant Road, BOMBAY 89 66 28
$ Sales Office is at Unity Building, Narasimharaja Square, 22 39 71
BANGALORE

Printed at Dee Kay Prmters. New Delhi, India