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  • Microbial Cultivation

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    Sham Rph
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    Cultivation is the process of propagating microorganisms by providing proper environmental conditions and nutrients. Water moisture accounts for 70 to 80% of a typical bacterial cell. PH Requirements Most organisms have a fairly narrow optimal pH range.

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    Cultivation is the process of propagating microorganisms by providing proper environmental conditions and nutrients. Water moisture accounts for 70 to 80% of a typical bacterial cell. PH Requirements Most organisms have a fairly narrow optimal pH range.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    14 Ansichten3 Seiten

    Microbial Cultivation

    Hochgeladen von

    Sham Rph
    Cultivation is the process of propagating microorganisms by providing proper environmental conditions and nutrients. Water moisture accounts for 70 to 80% of a typical bacterial cell. PH Requirements Most organisms have a fairly narrow optimal pH range.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Als DOC, PDF, TXT herunterladen oder online auf Scribd lesen
    Markieren Sie unangemessene Inhalte
    von 3

    MICROBIAL CULTIVATION sulfide and the sulfur-containing

    Cultivation amino acids.


    • It is the process of propagating  Phosphorus Source
    microorganisms by providing  Phosphorus is
    proper environmental conditions essential for the synthesis of
    and nutrients. nucleic acids and phospholipids.
     It is also a
    FACTORS FOR GROWTH OF component of ATP and
    MICROORGANISMS coenzymes like NAD, NADP
     Nutritional Requirements and the flavins.
     pH Requirements  An important
     Temperature Requirements source of phosphorus is
     Ionic strength and Osmotic phosphate.
    Pressure Requirements
     Gaseous Requirements  Mineral Sources
     Magnesium –
    NUTRITIONAL Requirements maintain the integrity of
     Water ribosomes.
     Moisture  Iron – part of the
     It accounts for 70 cytochrome and peroxidase
    to 80% of the bacterial cell. enzymes. Its uptake is facilitated
    thru the “siderophores”.
     Carbon Source  Potassium –
     One half of the essential for the function and
    dry weight of a typical bacterial integrity of ribosomes.
    cell is carbon.  Calcium – a
     It is usually constituent of gram-negative cell
    obtained from carbon dioxide. walls.
     Sodium – element
     Nitrogen Source necessary for the growth of
     It accounts for marine life.
    about 10% of the dry weight of a  Others – includes
    typical bacterial cell. manganese, molybdenum, cobalt,
     Nitrogen maybe copper and zinc.
    supplied in different forms:
    ammonium, nitrite, nitrate,  Growth Factors or
    nitrogen gas and amine. Vitamins
     Organic
     Sulfur Source compounds which the
     Sulfur is used to microorganism needs but they
    synthesize sulfur-containing are unable to synthesize them.
    amino acids and vitamins.  It includes amino
     Important sources acids, purines and pyrimidines.
    of sulfur are sulfate, hydrogen
    pH Requirements
     Most organisms have a fairly  For most organisms, an
    narrow optimal pH range. The adequate supply of
    optimal pH must be empirically oxygen enhances
    determined for each species. metabolism and growth.
     Types of Microorganisms
     Acidophiles – pH  The oxygen acts as the H+
    of 3.0 or acidic acceptor in the final step of
     Basophiles or energy production catalyzed by
    Alkalophiles – pH of 10.5 or the flavoproteins and
    basic cytochromes
     Neutrophiles –  The use of oxygen
    pH 6 to 8 or neutral generates two toxic
    substances:
    TEMPERATURE Requirements  Hydrogen
    o Different microbial species vary peroxide (H2O2)
    widely in their optimal growth  Superoxide
    temperature. radical (O2-).
     Types of Microorganisms
     Psychrophiles –  The first is “superoxide
    cold loving (20C) dismuthase (SOD)” which catalyzes
     Thermophiles – the reaction
    heat loving (80C)  2 O2- + H2+ ◊
     Mesophiles – H2O2 + O2
    ambient temperature
     And the second is
    Beyond their effects on growth rate, “catalase” which catalyzes the
    extremes of temperature can also reaction
    inhibit the growth or kill  2 H2O2 ◊ 2 H2O
    microorganisms  Types of
    IONIC STRENGTH and Microorganisms
    OSMOTIC PRESSURE  Aerobes or
    Requirements Obligate Aerobes - 21% of
     Most bacteria are able to tolerate oxygen; possess SOD and
    a wide range of external osmotic catalase enzymes.
    pressures and ionic strengths  Microaerophilic
    because of their ability to organisms – 5% oxygen.
    regulate internal osmolality and  Obligate or Strict
    ion concentration. Anaerobes – absence of oxygen;
     Types of Microorganisms lack SOD and catalase enzymes.
     Halophiles –  Facultative
    requires high salt concentration. Anaerobes – with or without
     Osmophiles – oxygen; possess either SOD or
    requires high osmotic pressure. catalase.

    GASEOUS Requirements
     Aerotolerant –
    grow best in the absence of
    oxygen.
     Capneic –5-10%
    carbon dioxide.

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