ME-101

Workshop Technology

Lecture 4
Precision Measuring Instruments
1
 Outside Micrometers
A micro meter is a precision instrument used to measure a
job, generally within an accuracy of 0.01mm
(Recall, it was 0.02mm for Vernier Caliper)
• Micrometer used to take the outside measurements are
know as outside micrometer.
 Principle :- The Micrometer works on the principle of
nut and bolt. The linear movement of the spindle during one
rotation is equal to the pitch of screw.

2
 Outside Micrometers
 Uses :- Precision Outside linear measurement
English
0-1”, Metric

1”-2”, 0 – 25 mm,

2”-3”...... up Ranges 25 – 50 mm,

to 12”. 50 – 75 mm,
12”-16”, 75 – 100 mm
16”-20”,
20”-24”.

3
Construction of Outside Micrometers

1. Frame :- The frame is made of

Cast iron on which the whole
assembly is attached.
2 3
2. Barrel/Sleeve:- Main scale is
1
graduated on it with 0.5 mm
distance.
3. Thimble:- Divisions are marked
on this cylindrical portion.
Knurling is made on it for
better gripping.
4
 Construction of Outside Micrometers
4 6
4. Spindle:- Spindle is one of the
5
contacting surface during
7
measurement. It moves to and
fro as thimble rotated.
5. Anvil:- It is the another
contacting surface which is
fixed in Frame.
6. Lock nut:- This nut is used to lock the movement of the
spindle.
7. Ratchet:- Ratchet is used to apply uniform pressure during
measurement.
5
Construction of Outside Micrometers

anvil spindle sleeve thimble ratchet

frame

6
 Graduation of Outside Micrometers

In metric micrometer the pitch

of the spindle thread is 0.5 mm.
Thereby in one rotation of the
thimble, the spindle advances
by 0.5 mm. On the barrel a 25
mm long datum line is marked.
Barrel
graduation This line is further graduated to
millimeters (1 mm) and half
millimeters (0.5 mm). The
graduations are numbered as 0,
5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mm.
7
Graduation of Outside Micrometers

The circumference of the bevel

edge of the thimble is
graduated into 50 divisions
and marked 0-5-10-15...45-50
in a clockwise direction. The
distance moved by the spindle
Thimble during one rotation of the
graduation
thimble is 0.5 mm.

8
 Reading of Outside Micrometers

Least Count of Outside Micrometer

The least count of a Metric Micrometer is 0.01 mm. It is the
ratio of value of 1 main scale division and total graduations
on thimble. i.e. 0.5/50

Zero Error of Outside Micrometer

When the anvil and spindle of the micrometer touch each other,
the scales should read zero.

If not, there is a zero error in the micrometer.

9
 Zero Error of Outside Micrometer
If the anvil and spindle touch each other, but the scales do not read zero
as shown below, the zero error is positive.

} 2 divisions

supposing observed reading is 2.37 mm, then

corrected reading = observed reading – zero error
= 2.37 – (+0.02)
= 2.35 mm
10
 Zero Error of Outside Micrometer
If the anvil and spindle touch each other, but the scales do not read zero as
shown below, the zero error is negative.

} 3 divisions

supposing observed reading is 2.87 mm, then

corrected reading = observed reading – zero error
= 2.87 – (-0.03)
= 2.90 mm
11
 Reading of Outside Micrometers
First note the minimum range of the outside micrometer.
While measuring with a 50 to 75 mm micrometer, note it as
50 mm.

Then read the barrel graduations. Read the value of the

visible lines on the left of the thimble edge.

Then read the thimble graduations. Multiply these

graduations with least count.

Add all above reading together. The sum of these reading

is the actual reading of the object.
12
Example 1, Reading of Outside Micrometers

In given figure first read

the barrel graduation.
Which is 13. i.e. 13 mm.
Half millimeter is also
visible.
Thus 13.00 mm
+ 00.50 mm
13.50 mm

13
Example 1, Reading of Outside Micrometers

Next read the thimble

graduation, which is 13.
Multiply it by L.C. which
is 0.01mm. = 13 x 0.01
mm =
0.13mm.
Summation of all above
readings,13.50mm
+0.13mm
13.63mm
14
Example 2, Reading of Outside Micrometers

In given figure first read the barrel

graduation. Which is 7. i.e. 7 mm.
Half millimeter is not visible.
Next read the thimble graduation, which is
31. Multiply it by L.C. which is 0.01mm. = 31
x 0.01 mm = 0.31mm.
Summation of all above readings,
07.00
+00.31
07.31 mm

15
 Example 3, Reading of Outside Micrometers

sleeve thimble

reading on sleeve = 4.5 mm

reading on thimble = 0.12 mm
actual reading of object = 4.5 + 0.12
= 4.62 mm

16
Practice Problems, English Micrometer

How to Read 0 -1” Micrometer

17
Practice Problems, English Micrometer

18
Practice Problems, English Micrometer

19
Practice Problems, Metric Micrometer
Reading 0-25 mm micrometers

20
Practice Problems, Metric Micrometer
Reading 0-25 mm micrometers

21
Inside Micrometer

22