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TITLE IN BOLD AND CAPS EXCEPT FOR Scientific name

(COMMON NAME HERE) ARRANGED IN INVERTED 1.5 spacing

PYRAMID PREFERABLY UP TO FOUR LINES

De La Salle University – Dasmariñas

City of Dasmariñas, Cavite

SECTION

NAME OF STUDENTS ARRANGED

IN INVERTED PYRAMID
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CHAPTER 1
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INTRODUCTION

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1.1 Background of the Study

This section is intended to provide the reader with critical information

about the topic being studied, such as, highlighting and expanding upon

foundational studies conducted in the past, describing important historical

events that inform why and in what ways the research problem exists, or

defining key components of your study such as concepts, people, places,

things. (Describe here the present condition or scenario to show that there’s

really a need to conduct your study. This must be supported by concrete

and recent data. Make it sure that you will be able to convince your panel

members on the need to conduct your proposed topic).You may include

some data that will justify your study. Just make sure that sources of your

supporting data must properly cited and as much as possible your sources

should not be older than 5 years ago.

The next few paragraphs should contain some background

information or related literatures and recent findings about the topic. It may

not be that long, some of the detailed information may be placed in the

literature review.

Introduce your topic on the last paragraph.

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1.2 Statement of the Problem

The aim of the study is to………. (general objective)…… (The study

generally aims to determine the effects of independent variables to the

dependent variables; this is actually repetition of your title which states the

general objective of the study.)

Specifically, the study will answer the following questions:

(Questions are the focus of your study or experiment. Your questions

depends in your topic. The following questions below are just examples of

sub – problems. Make sure that all questions are TESTABLE/answerable

after the experimentation.)

1. What are the effects of ....?

2. Is there significant difference between... ?

3. Are there significant association between... ?

1.3 Conceptual Framework

Enumerate here the Enumerate here the

independent variables dependent variables

Figure 1. Research paradigm of the study.

(This is just a sample; this may be more complex depending on the interplay
of variables and the objectives you want to achieve. A Conceptual
Framework tells us the relationship between our variables specifically the
relationship between IV and DV. Explain the relationship in one paragraph.)
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NOTES in Writing the Intro/Statement of the Problem:

The Introduction answers the questions:

What is the problem or what is the research all about? (INTRODUCE THE PROBLEM)

Why is it necessary to solve the problem or work?/ Why is the problem/work important?
(IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY)

What were the findings of previous authors who worked on it? (DEVELOP THE
BACKGROUND)

What do I expect to accomplish (objectives) or prove (hypothesis)? (STATE THE PURPOSE

AND THE RATIONALE in the “Statement of the Problem” part)

1.4 Hypothesis of the Study

The following hypotheses will be tested to accept or reject the

proposed study on….

1. Null Hypothesis (Ho). The hypothesis should be stated negatively,

assuming negative results. There is no significant difference

between…

2. Alternative Hypothesis (Ha). The hypothesis should be stated

negatively, assuming negative results. There is a significant

difference between…
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1.5 Scope and Limitations

The study will focus on the effects of the following different

concentrations; you may enumerate here the different levels of the

independent variables to the dependent variables. The dependent

variables should also be -specified here and should be explained when will

be observed or measured. State here also (in general) the materials and

equipment needed in order for you to perform the experimwent. This

paragraph is all about the scope or the inclusions of the study. The scope

sets the boundaries of your research. You may also include here the

duration, in weeks, of the experimental procedure.

It is not the intention of the study to identify the other components of

the study. This paragraph is all about the limitations or the exclusions of

the study.

1.6 Significance of the Study

By developing an accurate and reliable understanding of your topic

here, you may include here some of the expected results of your study.

You may cite some of the groups or direct beneficiaries from your

study and explain also how your findings would give them some benefits.

EXAMPLE:

Students. _____________________________________________.
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Community. __________________________________________.

Farmers. ______________________________________________.

Future Researchers. ____________________________________.

1.7 Definition of Terms

The following important terms are defined based on context or how

they were used in the study (arranged in alphabetical order):

Term 1. The definition should be based on how it was used in the

study; it should be in complete sentence.

Term 2. The definition should be based on how it was used in the

study; it should be in complete sentence.

Term 2. The definition should be based on how it was used in the

study; it should be in complete sentence.

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CHAPTER 2
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REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

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2.1 Conceptual Literature

Conceptual literature first topic

The conceptual review is developmental in nature and is arranged

by topics. There is no limit to the number of cited references but all should

be relevant to the objectives of the research study. Just make sure that

sources of your supporting data must properly cited using the CSE format

and as much as possible your sources should not be older than 5 years

ago.
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Conceptual literature second topic

The arrangement of topic should be from general to specifics.

Mostly, these literatures are taken from books.

Conceptual literature third topic

The conceptual review is developmental in nature and is arranged

by topics. There is no limit to the number of cited references but all should

be relevant to the objectives of the research study.

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Information about your variables. Concept/information coming from books,

articles, and online resources about your variables/concept about your

main materials or simply information related to your topic are considered as

conceptual literature. The concept or general information up to the specific

one should be based on the focus of your experiment. For example: focus

on the absorption property, effectiveness, properties, or any information to

prove that it can be used as an alternative.

Example:

MALUNGAY

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

_________________________________________.

ACTIVATED CHARCOAL

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

__________________________________________.

BANANA PEELS

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
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___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

ALUGBATI

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________.

USED COOKING OIL

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

__________.

2.2 Related Studies

YOU NEED TO CITE HERE WHERE DID YOU GET THE INFORMATION

(in-text citation) e.g. “According to ________...” or simply put (Author, Year)

at the end of statement or sentence.) DO NOT paste here the “LINK” of your

related studies. You need to summarize and paraphrase every important

sentences or information. Add related studies as many as you can. You may

type/paste here the COMPLETE title of your related studies/scientific

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journal. Example: (TITLE OF YOUR RELATED STUDY OR SCIENTIFIC

JOURNAL #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #7, #8, #9, #10…)

FEASIBILITY OF Moringa olifera (MALUNGGAY) SEEDS EXTRACT

AS AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF COOKING OIL

According to

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

_____________.

(Author,Year)________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

__.________________________________________________________

____________________________________________.

Related Studies ( second topic/scientific journal #2)

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One should integrate and synthesize all local and foreign related

studies coherently to link the past studies to the current study being

undertaken. Just make sure that sources of your supporting data must

properly cited and as much as possible your sources should not be older

than 5 years ago.

Related studies third topic…

Sixty to 70% of Literature Review must be related studies.

NOTE: The RRL should be more analytical and evaluative in approach, not
merely descriptive/narrative of the findings of other authors.

Sample :

After studying residents and staff from two intermediate care facilities in
Calgary, Alberta, Smith (2000) came to the conclusion that except for the amount of
personal privacy available to residents, the physical environment of these
institutions had minimal if any effect on their perceptions of control (autonomy).
However, French (1998) and Haroon (2000) found that availability of private areas
is not the only aspect of the physical environment that determines residents’
autonomy. Haroon interviewed 115 residents from 32 different nursing homes
known to have different levels of autonomy (2000). It was found that physical
structures, such as standardized furniture, heating that could not be individually
regulated, and no possession of a house key for residents limited their feelings of
independence. Moreover, Hope (2002), who interviewed 225 residents from
various nursing homes, substantiates the claim that characteristics of the
institutional environment such as the extent of resources in the facility, as well as
its location, are features which residents have indicated as being of great
importance to their independence.
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CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research Design

State here the particular type of research design/method

(experimental or descriptive) of your proposed study. You may also include

the different levels/sets of groups under study and your sampling design.

3.2 Research Setting

Give a detailed description of the place where the study will be

conducted. Explicitly describe also the sampling sites. This portion may

only be required if the area is important or is a main factor in your results.

3.3 Research Procedure

Procedure 1

Explain here how you will be doing this particular step in a way that

your reader can replicate your work by just following this particular part.

Therefore, each step should be written in detail. It is also important to

acknowledge your source or basis using the CSE format or in-text citation

(Author, Year).
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Procedure 2

Explain here in detail how would go about this particular step of your

methodology.

Procedure 3

Explain here in detail how would go about this particular step of your

methodology. Remember also that the arrangement of steps should be on

how you actually conducted your study.

3.4 Data Gathering and Statistical Analysis

For each objective/question, enumerate here all data that you will

gather and how they will be analyzed. This paragraph should contain the

specific statistical tool that you employed in the analysis and interpretation

of results. This includes the post-statistical tool, if any.

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CITED REFERENCES (The following references are just examples.

Remember to cross-check all cited references in your manuscript (in-text

references) with all entries here in the “Cited References’ (end-references)

and vice versa…)

Allen C, Prior P, Hayward AC. 2005. Bacterial wilt: the disease and the

Ralstonia solanacearum species complex. St. Paul (MN): APS Press 508

p.

Allen C. 2007. Bacteria, bioterrorism, and the geranium ladies of

Guatemala. In: Cabezas AL, Reese E, Waller M, editors. Wages of empire:

neoliberal policies, repression, and women's poverty. Boulder (CO):

Paradigm Press. p. 169-177.

ASAP: systematic annotation package for community analysis of genomes

[Internet]. 2013. Madison (WI): University of Wisconsin-Madison; [cited

2013 Sep 12]. Available from http://www.genome.wisc.edu/tools/asap.htm