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Structural Engineering for
Non-Structural Engineers
Section 1
Introduction to Structural
Engineering
▪ Mechanical properties
• Properties related to strees and deformations are
important for structural engineering and
construction
• They are determined in laboratory conditions to
establish permissible limits.
Hooke’s Law:
▪ “Within elastic limits, strain is proportional to stress”
σ= ε x E
∆V/V= ε(1-2µ)
Stress, σmax=(M/z)
▪ Bending Shear
Stress in sections
reach maximum
along neutral axis
interfaces
τ (h) = τ (v)
Maximum deflection
▪ For bottom most layer, the direct compressive stress shall add to
the value of the tensile flexure stress. The net compressive
stress at the bottommost layer:
Structural Analysis
Principle of Mechanics
Objectives:
▪ Understand the types of structures and their
components
▪ Understand the different types of stresses and the way
strutural arrangements offer resistance to them
▪ Gain knowledge about the types of load and nature of
stresses and deformation that they can induce.
▪ Understand the principles of mechanics and their
applications in structura analysis
▪ Use the analytical tools to analyze the statically
determinate structures
Section 1 Haward Technology Middle East 62
Structural Engineering for
Non-Structural Engineers
Structural Analysis
Principle of Mechanics
▪ The function of structures has been to withstand
stresses due to self-loads, direct loads and restrains
imposed on phisycal characteristics –like changes in
dimensions with temperature.
▪ Steps in typical design are:
• Study the loads and constrains under the situations
• Propose a suitable strutural system
• Examine the overall stability of the same
• Calculate internal forces and deformation of the
members
• Modify and fine tune overall dimensions and sections
of the members.
Section 1 Haward Technology Middle East 63
Structural Engineering for
Non-Structural Engineers
Structural Analysis
Principle of Mechanics
▪ Clasification of structures may be by:
• Purposes (buildings for habitation, sheds for
factory, bridges for transportation, dams for water
retention, chimneys, aeroports, ports
telecomunications towers…)
• Shape and forms (beams, columns, slabs, walls,
footings, frames, trusses)
• Analytical procedure ( determinate and
indeterminate structures, two-dimensional,
tri-dimensional
Structural Analysis
Principle of Mechanics
▪ Types of loads:
• Dead loads
• Live loads
• Lateral loads
• Snow loads
• Thermal loads
• Other
Structural Analysis
Principle of Mechanics
Loads
Live Load
Structural Analysis
Principle of Mechanics
Loads
Structural Analysis
Principle of Mechanics. Loads
Structural Analysis
Principle of Mechanics
Loads
Structural Analysis
Principle of Mechanics
Loads
Structural Analysis
Principle of Mechanics. Loads
Structural Analysis
Principle of Mechanics. Loads
Structural Analysis
Principle of Mechanics. Loads
Structural Analysis
Principle of Mechanics. Loads
http://youtu.be/j-zczJXSxnw
Section 1 Haward Technology Middle East 75
Structural Engineering for
Non-Structural Engineers
Structural Analysis
Principle of Mechanics. Loads
Structural Analysis
Principle of Mechanics. Loads
▪ Unexpected Extreme Loads: Sendai, Japan 8.9 Earthquake and 7.0
m. Tsunami wave
Structural Analysis
Principle of Mechanics. Loads
▪ Unexpected Extreme Loads: Sendai, Japan 8.9 Earthquake and 7.0
m. Tsunami wave
Structural Analysis
Principle of Mechanics. Loads
http://vimeo.com/21769477
Structural Analysis
Principle of Mechanics. Loads
▪ Structures falling
• http://youtu.be/uKeENdyIluI
• http://youtu.be/GtIjUn7_erY
• http://youtu.be/INmYGiJHgTs
Structural Analysis
Principle of Mechanics. Loads
Structural Analysis
Principle of Mechanics. Loads