PHILO QUIZ REVIEWER Although it is true that

philosophy usually
INTRODUKSYON SA PILOSOPIYA NG complicates simple things
TAO The world is full of
585 B.C. surprises, philosophy makes
Miletus, Gresya us able to be constantly
Pagkamangha= pagtatanong aware of these surprises
Philo: pagmamahal; Sophia: One attitude that philosophy
karunungan wants to instill is the never
PHILOSOPHY ending desire to look at
things again
Is known as a deeper way of
thinking or understanding the THREE KINDS OF LOVE
things that happen all around 1. Eros: acquisitive
us or the things that we do
TELOS (God of Reason) 2. Philia: friendship, love between
Reason = truth equals; brotherly love, platonic
love
PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION
3. Agape: unconditional love
PHILOSOPHICAL: MEANING AND VALUE
according to the Greek
Philosophy has many meanings philosopher Aristotle, “all
and usages (some are common, men seek wisdom”
some are profound) therefore, all men regardless
Guiding, principle, reason, of social status, race, age,
rational, basis of something and the like are philosophers
The study of the cause of the search of wisdom is the
something task of everyone
Being philosophical the object of wisdom is truth
Philosopher vs Pilosopo the pursuit of truth is
Etymology: therefore the noble
aspiration of every rational
But sometimes a person’s individual
ideas go beyond the it is the objective of
comprehension of their time philosophy to teach us how to
and thus they end up being reflect on our own
thought as crazy people experiences, so that we may
Many people are pioneers of gain wisdom
knowledge are at first
thought to be madmen (e.g. PHILOSOPHY: ACADEMIC DEFINITION
Edgar Allan Poe, Ernest it is a science because it is
Hemingway) not based on mere opinions or
Even in schools students hypotheses
think that a philosopher is the concepts and principles
someone who complicates of philosophy are based on
things with the intention of certain facts and they have
proving people are wrong and to be analyzed, demonstrated,
himself/ herself as right
 or proven before being provide what the mind or
reduced to a system spirit needs
Unlike other physical
TWO POINTS! sciences, philosophy does not
1. Not like natural or physical offer definitive and exact
science answers to questions people
ask
2. Philosophy involves the reverse, Other sciences can give us
discipline and causes of science clear answers because the
questions we ask area
PHILOSOPHY: AS THE SCIENCE OF ALL objective in nature
THINGS Philosophy does not ask
studies all realities questions that are objective
like those found in the
literally everything
branches of science
PHILOSOPHY: AS THE SCIENCE OF ALL The basic question of
THINGS IN THEIR ULTIMATE CAUSES AND philosophy is “why”
PRINCIPLES For philosophy, what is more
important is the question
because it investigates, rather than answers
reflects and understands the Philosophy is the question
fundamental or underlying rather than answers
meanings, reasons and causes Philosophy continues to ask
of things questions and even though it
could not provide exact and
PHILOSOPHY: AS KNOWN BY NATURAL
definite answers, it
REASONS ALONE
nevertheless open’s one’s
it relies mainly on one’s mind to the reality of life
mental and rational capacity Philosophy encourages people
to ask questions to enable
THE TRUE VALUE OF PHILOSPHY them to free their minds
do you think philosophy has a PHILOSOPHY (PRACTICAL BENEFITS)
value in our modern world?
Why or why not? 1. Being systematic via use of
Philosophy does not aim to reason
produce useful or material 2. Guided in their pursuit of
benefits that sciences and truth and in distinguishing
technology give truth from what is false or
Philosophy does not aim to from mere opinion
satisfy the material needs of 3. Getting an intellectual eye
a man that enables them to see
The objective of philosophy things as they appear to the
is to provide food for the senses but also the
mind and nourishment for the underlying causes and the
spirit meanings of these things
The value of philosophy is 4. Able to gain insights into
found in its ability to human nature, helping them
understand their potentials
 and give them a better explanation or practical
appreciation of themselves solution
A person is able to see
reality from a wider ELEMENTS OF CRITICAL THINKING
standpoint if it is UNDERSTANDING
unobstructed by
misunderstanding,, prejudices To understand means to have
or biases ‘ a mental grasps of things’
In a philosophical discussion, Any x that causes y to happen
a person is lead to his/her for instance
questions step by step. It involves: context,
(Socratic/ opposing views, whole subject
Maieutic Method) matter

METHODS (on the dilemma of choice)

Problems are inevitable, a

lot of questions are need to
be answered, actions need to
be done, and decisions need
to be made
Choosing the proper method to
our choice could result to
success or failure. Sometimes,
people act hastily, without
thinking of the possible
consequences or carefully
evaluating a situation
beforehand
Haste makes waste
Thus, it is important to
observe, analyze and evaluate
a particular situation first
before doing any kind if
action
People need to have that
ability to reason, the need
for a trained and skilled
mind becomes a necessity

PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION

One of the benefits of

practicing philosophical
reflection is that people
become critical thinkers
As critical thinkers, people
understand clearly a
particular situation presents
a problem that needs an