HYDROSPHERE

What is Hydrosphere?

• The hydrosphere includes all of the water on

earth, from the oceans to glaciers and
underground water.
• Liquid water makes the Earth a special place.
Our planet has a very nice temperature range
that allows water to remain in its liquid state.
Parts of Hydrosphere
• Oceans: Major part of water is present in the oceans of the
Earth. Average depth of oceans is about 3.7 kilometers and about
1300 million cubic kilometers water is present in oceans.

• Ice sheets: Substantial quantity of water, about 24 million cubic

kilometers, is present as solid in the ice sheets of Earth. About
90% of the volume of such water is found in Antarctica.

• Groundwater: About 24 million cubic kilometer water is

present under the ground surface at depths of upto two
kilometers.
Parts of Hydrosphere

• Lakes and rivers: On the land surface, approximately 0.18

million cubic kilometer water is present in lakes while about
0.002 million cubic kilometer water is found in rivers.

• Atmospheric moisture: The amount of water present as water

vapor in the atmosphere is about 0.013 million cubic kilometer.

• Biological water: In addition to above categories, about 0.001

million cubic kilometer water is contained in the bodies of
living organisms.
Hydrologic Cycle

It's true, the water we use today has been around for hundreds
of millions of years, and the amount available probably hasn't
changed very much. Water moves around the world, changes
forms, is taken in by plants and animals, but never really
disappears. It "travels" in a large, continuous cycle. We call this
the Hydrologic Cycle ("hydro" means water).
• The hydrologic cycle is a conceptual model that describes the
storage and movement of water between the biosphere,
atmosphere, lithosphere and the hydrosphere. Water on this
planet can be stored in any one of the following reservoirs:
atmosphere, oceans, lakes, rivers, soils, glaciers, snowfields, and
groundwater.

• The hydrologic cycle takes place in the hydrosphere, this is the

region containing all the water in the atmosphere and on the
surface of the earth. The cycle is the movement of water through
this hydrosphere.

• It has six parts: 1.Condensation 2.Infiltration 3.Runoff

4.Evaporation 5.Precipitation 6. Transpiration
 Hydrologic Cycle

• Together, these six processes - condensation, precipitation,

infiltration, runoff, evaporation and transpiration make up the
Hydrologic Cycle.

• Water vapor condenses to form clouds, which result in

precipitation when the conditions are suitable. Precipitation
falls to the surface and infiltrates the soil or flows to the ocean
as runoff. Surface water (e.g., lakes, streams, oceans, etc.),
evaporates, returning moisture to the atmosphere, while plants
return water to the atmosphere by transpiration.
Hydrologic Cycle
THANK YOU

Learning is serious business. Invest wisely.