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October, 2019 @qualcomm_tech

What’s in the
future of 5G?
Germany
Finland
United Kingdom China (soon)
Ireland Russia (soon)
Japan (soon)
Switzerland
Romania

North America Spain

Italy Qatar South Korea

Kuwait United Arab Emirates


Sub-6
Saudi Arabia
Sub-6 + mmWave Australia

5G global rollout 30+ launched in 6 months


Faster than 4G 2
Delivering
on the 5G vision
Where virtually everyone and everything is intelligently connected

3
Rel.15
eMBB expansion
Industrial IoT
Private networks
with eURLLC

Laptops Automotive
5G NR C-V2X,
5G massive IoT
smart transportation

Driving the 5G
5G broadcast
expansion Future verticals,
services, devices

Our technology inventions drove


the 5G foundation
mmWave evolution, Shared /
indoor, enterprises unlicensed spectrum

Fixed wireless New device classes


access like tethered XR

Sub-6 GHz evolution, New device classes


new use case like boundless XR
Smartphones

Rel.16-17 4
Text
recognition
Face Voice
detection activation

Voice Object
recognition classification

On-device
Computational Anomaly AI use-cases
today
photography detection

But we can do more


with 5G
Landmark Fingerprint
detection

Contextual On-device
awareness security
Gesture/
hand tracking
5
New experiences Privacy/security

New verticals
Immediacy

Processing
over 5G
The intelligent Efficiency

Edge cloud
wireless edge On-device

Customized/
local value Reliability
On-device AI
Augmented
by edge cloud
Private/public networks Personalization

6
Process data at the source to scale
and make sense of a digitized world
Past Today
Cloud-centric AI Partially-distributed AI
AI training and AI inference Power efficient
in the central cloud on-device AI inference

On-device

Future
Fully-distributed AI
With lifelong on-device learning

7
Enriched user experiences, On-premise control for
ultra-low latency

new use case, new verticals


On-device intelligence
assisted by cloud

Distributed functionality
Distributed processing,
like boundless XR

New services

Cloud computing, storage,


instant access
On-device

Longer latency 5G low latency Compute, vision, sensing


Low-latency gaming
Big data/aggregated value Customized/local value AI powered use cases
Content/storage/AI/processing Content/storage/AI/processing Internal AI optimizations

Real time assisted


services like voice UI

8
Why is the 5G
foundation key
for the future?

9
Mobile has made a leap every ~10 years
Mobile voice Efficient voice to Focus shifts Mobile broadband and A unified future-proof
communication reach billions to mobile data emerging expansion platform

1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s


Analog voice Digital voice Wireless Internet Mobile broadband Wireless Edge
AMPS, NMT, D-AMPS, GSM, CDMA2000/EV-DO LTE, LTE Advanced, 5G New Radio
TACS IS-95 (CDMA) WCDMA/HSPA+, Gigabit LTE (NR)

10
The 5G foundation started long ago

2014: Flexible framework,


scalable OFDM, spatial
design, mobile mmWave

2002: Integration 2012: Cellular in Foundational


of low-power compute unlicensed spectrum to 5G
1985: Qualcomm founded to 1993: Wireless Internet
2007: Device to device
solve system-level problems first OTA demo over CDMA
proximity services
1998: EV-DO as we realized Foundation to 3G and 4G
a new design was needed mobile broadband

11
Multi gigabit/s
EV-DO is the foundation
to mobile broadband Gigabit/s
1993 vision: Wireless Internet
Our inventions
100’s megabit/s drove the 5G foundation
Mobile mmWave

10’s megabit/s
Unified, flexible framework
Megabit/s
Scalable OFDM numerology

OFDM in EV-DO (broadcast) Unlicensed spectrum


OFDM/A for wider spectrum Reciprocity-based massive MIMO
Data optimized channel with Turbo Codes1 Multiple antennas for RX diversity
Adaptive modulation/coding2 Carrier aggregation (rev B/HSPA+) More antennas-MIMO
Opportunistic scheduling3 FDD/TDD/DC/SDL aggregation Multi-Edge LDPC & CRC-Aided Polar codes
Mobile VoIP with QoS

All-IP EV-DO Foundation to HSPA Foundation to LTE Foundation to 5G NR eMBB


Demo Launch

1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022

Continuous research and innovations, early prototyping, industry-first demos and trials
1. Assign all resources to a user, fast hybrid ARQ and power control 2 Higher order modulation for users with good signal quality 3 Multi-user diversity to prioritize users with better radio signal—with fairness
Our technology inventions drove Release 15 specifications

Scalable OFDM- Flexible slot-based Advanced Massive Mobile


based air interface framework channel coding MIMO mmWave

Scalable OFDM Self-contained Multi-Edge LDPC and Reciprocity-based Beamforming


numerology slot structure CRC-Aided Polar MU-MIMO and beam-tracking

Address diverse services, Low latency, URLLC, Support large data blocks, Large # of antennas to For extreme capacity
spectrum, deployments forward compatibility reliable control channel increase coverage/capacity and throughput

Early R&D investments | Cutting-edge prototypes | Fundamental contributions to 3GPP


13
Expanding 5G with the flexible slot-based framework
Dynamic spectrum Broadcast/ Cellular V2X—network Wide-area mission- Massive IoT
sharing (Rel-15+) enTV (Rel-16+) side shown (Rel-16+) critical (Rel-15/16+) (Rel-16+)

C-V2X
Blank subcarriers

5G NR eMBB Broadcast 5G NR NB-IoT


?
5G NR eMBB
eMBB
eMTC
LTE Sidelink
NR-Light

Enhanced mobile Sidelink (Rel-17+), Unknown service Integrated access and backhaul NR-Light
broadband (Rel-15+) e.g., for offloading not yet defined (Rel-16+) for mmWave only (not shown) (Rel-17+)
Expanding mmWave spectrum with the common framework

Common Common Prioritizing the expansion to


framework framework 71 GHz, then to 114.25 GHz

Potential 5G
Expansion of low/mid Potential 5G Supported mmWave Prioritized expansion of Further mmWave expansion band for future
band spectrum1 band in study bands in Rel-15 mmWave in Rel-172 targeting Rel-17 and beyond study

Sub-7 GHz Millimeter wave


(e.g., 3.5 GHz) (e.g., 28, 39 GHz)

410 MHz 7.125 GHz 24.25 GHz 52.6 GHz 71 GHz 114.25 GHz

1. Rel-15 supported 450 MHz to 6 GHz; 2 To support global unlicensed 60 GHz bands, SCS scaling from 24.25-52.6 GHz band with same characteristics (e.g., waveforms)
5G enabled capabilities not possible when 4G was defined
Efficient TDD spatial design Scalable numerology Hardware enablers
Flexibility, lower latency, reciprocity-based massive Low, to mid, to high mmWave bands, Such as faster baseband processing
MIMO, new feedback/pilot/measurements deployment types

Mobile mmWave
DL
Ctrl Guard DL Data UL
Ctrl

DL
DL Data Guard Overcoming an “impossible challenge”

SRS

ACK
Ctrl

Technology leap for


Continuous research, technology breakthroughs, new capabilities and
new architectures, distribution of processing/AI/content,… reduced cost

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
5G is the innovation platform for the next decade

A unified future- Delivering on the New deployments, new spectrum, Some future requirements only
proof platform 5G vision new use cases, new verticals,… possible on a new platform

Market needs: enhanced/emerging/unknown services to 5G Historically 10 years


between generations
Vision forming

Next technology leap


for new capabilities
and reduced cost

Rel-15 Rel-16 Rel-17 Rel-18 Rel-19 Rel-20 Rel-21 and beyond Continued evolution
Initially eMBB Expansion to new industries

Research: for 5G enhancements and for next generation leap


Technology breakthroughs, hardware progress, new architectures, distribution of processing/AI/content,…
How will 5G NR
evolve in Rel-16
and beyond?

18
Driving the 5G expansion
Continue expansion to new verticals,
Delivering on deployments, use cases, spectrum
Future-proof the 5G vision
platform Rel-18+ evolution
Rel-171
Rel-161
Rel-15

Rel-15 commercialization Rel-16 commercialization Rel-17 commercialization

NR
LTE essential part
of the 5G platform

2019 eMBB 2020 eMBB expansion Longer term expansion


• Global smartphone • Beyond smartphone (PC, FWA, …) • Industrial IoT, enterprise, automotive network
launches • New markets/regions • Private networks
• Fixed wireless access • Nationwide coverage & SA migration • Unlicensed spectrum

2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023+

1. 3GPP start date indicates approval of study package (study item->work item->specifications), previous release continues beyond start of next release with functional freezes and ASN.1
Mobile broadband
evolution

Mobile mmWave Unlicensed/


evolution shared spectrum

5G NR Massive IoT
C-V2X
3GPP Rel-16

Industrial IoT Broadcast


with URLLC

5G NR is expanding to new use cases and verticals


20
Continue to enhance the eMBB foundation
Rel-15 lessons learned Foundational Deployment New services
Optimizations to Rel-16 and Coverage, capacity, latency, New spectrum, topologies, Latency, reliability, positioning,
New features to Rel-17 power saving, mobility integrated backhaul, …. use cases like XR

Enhanced DL/UL MIMO and Integrated access/backhaul for Further improved MIMO Enhanced IAB with full duplex
multiple transmission points easier mmWave deployments for e.g., higher mobility and spatial multiplexing

Unlicensed

Device power saving with Unlicensed spectrum including Further power saving Supporting even higher bands,
C-DRX and 2-step RACH standalone and license assisted for idle and small data up to 114.25 GHz

More robust mobility with minimal Enhanced low/mid-band Further enhanced mobility Others such as, >4 Rx,
interruption during handover and mmWave CA and async DC for mixed topologies 1024-QAM, multi-SIM

Rel -15 Rel -16


Rel -17:
Likely candidates
Expand eMBB to vehicles —
initially with R14 C-V2X

Expand mobile gaming


including cloud gaming

Expand fixed wireless access,


integrated with Wi-Fi

FSM100xx

Expand 5G coverage Expand reach with our small


and performance cell solutions

Expand device classes to

Expanding our eMBB


always connected PC/Laptop

Expand experiences, like XR

solution beyond the smartphone


tethered to smartphones
Expand 5G eMBB modules
to more verticals
Indoor Indoor/outdoor Transportation
enterprises venues hubs
Offices, meeting rooms, auditoriums Conventions, concerts, stadiums Airports, train terminals, subway stations

Expanding mmWave indoors, public/private networks


Multi-Gigabit speeds with Beyond smartphones, laptops, Leveraging existing Wi-Fi or
virtually unlimited capacity tablets, extended reality, … cellular by co-siting
Emerging dedicated private
networks for targeted needs
Security camera Sensors
Enhanced
Massive IoT
mobile broadband Latency
Availability
50ms
99.9%
Process Monitoring
Latency: 100 ms
Rate: Mbps Availability: 99.99%
Rate: kbps
Head mounted display
Augmented Reality
Latency: 10 ms
Availability: 99.9%
Rate: Gbps-Mbps
Automated guided vehicle (AGV)
Latency 20ms
Availability 99.9999%
Rate: Mbps

Handheld terminal
Safety functions Industrial robot
Latency: 10 ms
Availability: 99.9999% Motion control
Rate: Mbps-kbps Latency: 1 ms
Availability: 99.9999%
Rate: Mbps-kbps
Edge computing and analytics

Ultra-reliable low-latency

25
Private 5G network

Dedicated and reliable networks Licensed, shared and


optimized for local services unlicensed spectrum

Scalable wireless connectivity Ultra-reliable low-latency


on a future proof platform communication (URLLC)

Capabilities for new use cases Time Sensitive


e.g. wireless Industrial Ethernet Networking (TSN)

Positioning

Designing 5G to meet industrial IoT requirements


26
• Unique network ID
• Integrated and independent architectures
Private 5G network • Virtually seamless fallback to public networks

With NR-U, 5G NR will support:


Licensed, shared and • Licensed spectrum
• Shared spectrum
unlicensed spectrum • Unlicensed spectrum

• Low latency
• Ultra-reliability
Ultra-reliable low-latency • CoMP multi-TRP
communication (URLLC) • Service multiplexing
• Enhanced mobility

Time Sensitive • Ethernet over 5G


• Deterministic networking
Networking (TSN) • Device time synch.

• Network & device based


Positioning • Industrial IoT requirements

5G NR supports many 3GPP Rel-16 brings


industrial IoT use cases today additional capabilities
27
Licensed spectrum Dedicated regional
by mobile operators spectrum
Multiple Operators can allocate spectrum
in a specific area
Regional spectrum such as
3.7GHz in Germany for IIoT

spectrum
options
For private 5G networks
Unlicensed spectrum Unlicensed spectrum
with async sharing with synch sharing
NR-U with asynchronous sharing Synchronized sharing can provide
work for many applications reliability and eURLLC for IIoT

28
Enhanced network New direct Massive
communication communication Internet of Things
Faster access to cloud for in-vehicle V2V, V2I, and V2P communications for Deeper coverage to connect road
experiences, car OEM services and latency-sensitive use-cases, e.g. infrastructure (e.g. sensors and traffic
telematics collision avoidance cameras)

V2I
V2N V2N Smart city
Road hazard RSU
waning

Speed
harmonization Sensors Utilities

V2V

Connected car services In-vehicle experiences Road safety Transportation efficiency Connected road sensors

Evolution to 5G is designed to serve as the unified connectivity fabric


29
RSU with AI-based camera

RSU with AI-based camera

Traffic hazard warning


AI–based camera detects hazards and alerts

Road safety Pedestrian alert


V2V/V2I: Intersection assist, non-line Traffic light detects crossing and alert
of sight warning cars via I2V

C -V2X direct
V2V communication I2V V2P

On-device intelligence
Key for cars to act with immediacy

Evolving 5G for smart transportation


Source sample text 30
5G NR C -V2X
Brings new benefits Advanced safety
Real-time situation awareness and sharing of new
kinds of sensor data take safety to the next level

Faster travel / energy efficiency


More coordinated driving for faster travel
and lower energy usage

Accelerated network effect


Sensor sharing and infrastructure deployment bring
Increased situational Coordinated driving / benefits, even during initial deployment rollouts
awareness intention sharing

Sensor sharing Real-time infrastructure updates

31
Virtual telepresence collaboration

5G

Edge cloud—but
not necessarily
on-premise

Augmenting
on-device
processing
over 5G
A new era in distributed processing
Thermally efficient for
Compute intensive sleek and ultra-light

Complex concurrencies Complex Challenging


XR workloads XR form factor Long battery life
Real-time for all-day use

Always-on

Storage/memory
Latency sensitive bandwidth

Essential on-device processing Split rendering Augment by edge cloud processing

Optimized under strict power, Significant higher power


thermal, size constraints envelope—beyond PC class

Premium experiences today that Augment on-device rendering with


continuously improve edge cloud rendering
Low latency
High capacity
Reliable link
33
Continued evolution to deliver on the 5G vision

Initial focus: eMBB — enhanced 5G core 5G NR IIoT 5G NR 5G NR in Enhancements Expand sidelink e.g., Unlicensed
mobile broadband services network with eURLLC Cellular V2X unlicensed to 5G NR IIoT V2X reliability, spectrum across
spectrum P2V, IoT relay all uses cases

Advanced Sub-6 GHz with LTE 5G 5G Positioning New spectrum NR-Light e.g., Centimeter
channel coding massive MIMO integration broadcast1 massive IoT2 across use cases above 52.6 GHz wearables, accuracy e.g.,
industrial sensors IIoT with mmWave

Mobile Scalable OFDM- Flexible eMBB IAB — integrated Continuation Continued eMBB More capable, Rel-15 deployment
mmWave based air interface framework evolution3 access / backhaul of Rel-15 enhancements5 flexible IAB learning, XR,
projects , others4 drones, others6

Rel -15 Rel -16 Rel -17: Likely candidates


Established 5G NR technology foundation
Expanding to new use cases and industries Continued expansion and enhancements

1. Enhancing Rel-14 LTE enTV to meet 5G requirements; 2. eMTC/NB-IOT in-band 5G NR and connected to 5G core; 3. MIMO, power consumption, mobility, MR DC/CA, interference management and more; 4. Non-terrestrial networks,
non-public networks (private networks), NR SON/MDT and more; 5. further improvements to capacity, coverage, mobility, power consumption, spectral efficiency; 6. mixed-mode multicast, small data transmission, multi-SIM, satellite, multimedia
Thank you
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components or devices referenced herein. Qualcomm Incorporated, Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., and/or
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©2018-2019 Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its
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affiliated companies. All Rights Reserved.
includes Qualcomm’s licensing business, QTL, and the vast
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