An Assessment on the Effectiveness of Parental Involvement on Student’s Academic

Performance of Secondary Students in Aquinas School, San Juan City

A Research Proposal

presented to the

Faculty of Aquinas

In partial fulfilment of

The requirements in

Statistics and Probability

2019-2020

Submitted by:

Obnial, John Royce Philip E.

Submitted to:

Mr. Louie Cañadilla

January 20, 2020

 Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION

Parental involvement in a child’s education along with environmental and economic

factors may affect child development in areas such as cognition, language, and social skills.

Parental involvement in education of their children has been significantly linked with the quality

of education and academic achievement of children. There is little research available on the

relationship between parental involvement and academic performance of school students. It

provides an in-depth look at one aspect of parental involvement in academic performance of

their children. After going through various studies on sociology of education, researchers have

assumed that parental involvement in the study of their children might be a significant factor

which enhances the academic achievement of their children.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to assess the Effectiveness of Parental Involvement on Student’s

Academic Performance of Secondary Students in Aquinas School in terms of: a) Home

Environment, b) Study Habits, and c) Academic Interaction.

More specifically, this study will answer the following questions:

1. To what extent Parental Involvement on Academics’ Performance influence the Home

Environment of secondary students?

2. To what extent Parental Involvement on Academics’ Performance influence the Study

Habits of secondary students?

3. To what extent Parental Involvement on Academics’ Performance affect Academic

Interaction of secondary students?

Hypothesis of the Study

It is evident that parental involvement affects academic performances of secondary

students of Aquinas School of the students positively based on:

1. Home environment

2. Study Habits

3. Academic Interaction

Significance of the Study

The main beneficiary of this research are students and parents. Parental involvement in

education of their children has been significantly linked with the quality of education and

academic achievement of children. Researchers took this study significant to be conducted to

see the parental involvement influencing the academic achievement of students. This study is

very important to the researchers because lots of students have lacks on academic

performances due to the treatment of their parents.

Scope and Delimitations of the Study

The paper discusses Effectiveness of Parental Involvement on Academic Performance

of secondary students in Aquinas School in terms of the three aforementioned factors in

parental involvement on academic’s performance, namely home environment, study habits,

and academic interaction.

However, the paper is limited to conveniently selected of secondary students in Aquinas

School as the main respondent of the study.

Definition of terms

Academic Interaction – Addresses how well students communicate with one another in class.

Classes where students have opportunities to communicate with each other help students

effectively construct their knowledge. By emphasizing the collaborative and cooperative nature

of scientific work, students share responsibility for learning with each other, discuss divergent

understandings, and shape the direction of the class.

Academic Performance – Commonly measured through examinations or continuous

assessments but there is no general agreement on how it is best evaluated or which aspects

are most important—procedural knowledge such as skills or declarative knowledge such

as facts.

Home Environment – A motional warmth displayed by parents while interacting with their

children; provision of stimulating and learning experiences in the home

Parental Involvement – Refers to a situation where parents are directly involved in the.

education of their children, they involve themselves and are involved by the school

Study Habits – Behaviors used when preparing for tests or learning academic material.
 Chapter 2: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Many recent studies were carried out to explore factors that affecting student’s

academic performance. Hanson (2010) reported that Student performance is affected by

different factors such as learning abilities, gender and race. Simmons, et al. (2015) concluded

that family income level, attending full time, receiving grant aid and completing advanced level

classes in high school having statistically significant effects on students.

According to Wynn (2012) numerous studies in this area have demonstrated the

importance of family interaction and involvement to entering school. The research findings of

Wynn have also shown that a continued effort of parental involvement throughout the child’s

education can improve academic performance.

However, there are numerous factors to measure the effectiveness of parental

involvement in academic performance of students. The justification of the factors affecting the

academic performance is given below.

Home
Environment

Parental
Involvement in
Academics
Performance

Academic
Interaction Study Habits

Figure 1: Factors of Parental Involvement in Academics Performance

1.1 Home Environment:

There is an awareness of the importance of the home environment or family on

students’ academic performance. The home has a great influence on the students’

psychological, emotional, social and economic state. In the view of Ajila and Olutola (2007),

the state of the home affects the individual since the parents are the first socializing agents in

an individual’s life. This is because the family background and context of a child affect his

reaction to life situations and his level of performance.

The home environment means that family background of the child, which includes all

the human and material resources present in the home that affects child’s living such as the

parent’s level of education, occupation, social-economic status and the socializing facilities

available in the house. Thus the home is the basic in situation for providing the child’s primary

socialization and laying the educational foundation for the child upon which the other agents

of socialization build. As a result of the great need for training of the young people, the

government has come into guide and helps the home and schools this great task by providing

the national policy on education which contains the national objectives for education. There

are home environment factors such as parents level of education, occupation and socio-

economics, and family size and type affecting the academic performance.

Parents
Level of
Education

Home
Environment

Family Occupation
Size and and Socio-
Type Economics

Figure 2: Factors of Home Environment in Academic Performance

1.2 Study Habits:

It has long been recognized that in the process of learning the study habits of the student

plays an important role in their academic performance. Learning is reflected in the way a student

responds to environment, social, emotional and physical stimuli and understands new

information.

Study habits are learning tendencies that enable students to work privately. Azikiwe

(2008) describes the study habit as “the adopted way and manner a student plans his private

readings, after classroom learning so as to attain mastery of the subject”. There are study habits

factors such as note taking, use of library and time allocation on academic’s performance.

Note
Taking

Students
Habits

Time Use of
Allocation Library

Figure 3: Factors of Students Habits in Academic Performance

1.3 Academic Interaction:

Research on students suggests that activities like advising could increase students'

involvement in their experiences. It could use strategic planning to design advising programs

based on relationships of shared responsibility and focused on students' success. The

student-student interaction, teacher-student interaction affecting the academics’ performance

among secondary students.

According to Astin (2007) involvement influences learning and defines effective

institutions as those having the capacity to involve students. Research also indicates that

frequent and meaningful contact with faculty members, especially contact focusing on

intellectual or career-related issues, seems to increase academic performance of students

(Astin,2007).

Student-
Student
Interaction

Academic
Interaction

Peer- Teacher-
Student Student
Interaction Interaction

Figure 4: Factors Influencing Academic Interaction in Academic Performance

 Chapter 3: METHODOLOGY

This chapter shows how the researchers will test their hypothesis. It shows the

instrumentation, sampling procedure, research procedure, and research framework.

Instrumentation

A survey questionnaire will serve as the instrument of the study. It will first ask through

a binary scale if the parents of the respondent are involved on their academic performance. If

yes, through Likert scale, it will ask to what extent that parental involvement influence their

academic performance in term of home environment, study habits, and academic interaction.

While, for those who will be answer no, that there is no involvement of their parents on academic

performance will undergo to the last short question, it will ask why there is no involvement of

parents and what are the factors influencing their academic performance.

Sampling Procedure

This study will be conducted through convenient sample of secondary students in

Aquinas School.

Research Procedure

The researcher would take around 5 to minutes of the respondent during their class

hours. They would guide the participants through a survey questionnaire with background
information of the study in order to answer it clearly. Then, the participants will ask if their

parents are involved on their academic performance. If yes, they would also ask to what extent

that parental involvement influence their academic performance in terms of home environment,

study habits, and academic interaction. If not, they would ask why there is no involvement of

parents and what are the factors influencing their academic performance.

Research Framework

Preparing
Survey Conducting a Analyzing and
Questionnaire Survey interpreting data
(content
validation)

Figure 5: Research Framework

Framework

The researcher would prepare the survey questionnaire and the content will undergo

through validation. After preparing the sample survey, they would conduct a convenient survey

among secondary students in Aquinas School to assess the effectiveness of parental

involvement on their academic performance. After the survey, the data that will gathered would

be analyzed and interpreted through descriptive statistics

.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Wynn (2012) Does parental involvement mediate the relationship between family background
and educational outcomes? Contemporary Educational Psychology, 37(1), 55-69. doi:
10.1016/j. cedpsych.2012.09.004

Marjoribanks (2015) Quality of parental homework involvement: Predictors and reciprocal

relations with academic functioning in the Reading domain. Journal of Educational Psychology,
106(1), 144-161. doi: 10.1037/a0034100

Hanson (2010) Toward a theory of family-school connections: Teacher practices and parent
involvement. Potential and constraints (pp. 121-136)

Simmons, et al. (2015) Students’ achievement and homework assignment strategies.

Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 286. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00286

Ajila and Olutola (2007), Effects of family type (monogamy or polygamy) on students’ academic
achievement Intl J.

Azikiwe (2008) Study Habits and Attitudes of secondary Students: Journal of Language
Teaching and Research, 2(5), 1116-1121.

Azikiwe (2008) Habits of High Effective Students Retrieved from

http://www.educationcorner.com/habits-of- successful-students.html

(Astin,2007) Student achievement motives, achievement cues, and academic achievement.

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1968, 2, 1, 26-29.

(Astin,2007) A study of the relationship of personality needs, environmental presses, and

need-press interaction to the academic performance of engineering students.