IDEAL GAS vs REAL GAS

The states of matter are liquid, solid, and gas which can be recognized
through their key characteristics. Solids have strong composition of
molecular attraction giving them definite shape and mass, liquids take
the form of their container since the molecules are moving that
corresponds to one another, and gases are diffused on air since the
molecules are moving freely. The characteristics of gases are very
distinct. There are gases that are strong enough to react with other
matter, there are even with very strong odour, and some can be
dissolved in water. Here we will be able to note some differences
between ideal gas and real gas. The behaviour of real gases is very much
complex while the behaviour of ideal gases is much simpler. The
behaviour of real gas can be more tangible by understanding fully the
behaviour ideal gas.
This ideal gas can be considered as a “point mass”. It simply means that
the particle is extremely small where its mass is almost zero. Ideal gas
particle, therefore, does not have volume while a real gas particle does
have real volume since real gases are made up of molecules
or atoms that typically take up some space even though they are
extremely small. In ideal gas, the collision or impact between the
particles are said to be elastic. In other words, there is neither attractive
nor repulsive energy included throughout the collision of particles.
Since there is lack of inter-particle energy the kinetic forces will remain
unchanged in gas molecules. In contrast, collisions of particles in real
gases are said to be non-elastic. Real gases are made up of particles or
molecules that may attract one another very strongly with the
expenditure of repulsive energy or attractive force, just
like water vapor, ammonia, sulfur dioxide, and etc.

The pressure is much greater in ideal gas as compared to the pressure

of a real gas since the particles do not have the attractive forces that
enable the molecules to hold back when they will collide at an impact.
Hence, particles collide with less energy. Differences that are distinct
between ideal gases and real gases may be regarded most clearly when
the pressure will be high, these gas molecules are large, the temperature
is low, and when the gas molecules excerpt strong attractive forces.

PV=nRT is the equation of ideal gas. This equation is important in its

ability to connect together all the fundamental properties of gases. T
stands for Temperature and should always be measured in Kelvin. “n”
stands for the number of moles. V is the volume which is usually
measured in liters. P stands for pressure wherein it is usually measured
in atmospheres (atm), but can also be measured in pascals. R is
considered ideal gas constant which never changes. On the other hand,
since all real gases can be converted to liquids, Dutch physicist
Johannes van der Waals came up with an modified version of the ideal
gas equation (PV = nRT):

(P + a/V2) (V – b) = nRT. The value of “a” is constant as well as “b”, and

therefore should be experimentally determined for each gas.

SUMMARY:

1.Ideal gas has no definite volume while real gas has definite volume.

2.Ideal gas has no mass whereas real gas has mass.

3.Collision of ideal gas particles is elastic while non-elastic for real gas.

4.No energy involved during collision of particles in ideal gas. Collision

of particles in real gas has attracting energy.

5.Pressure is high in ideal gas compared to real gas.

6.Ideal gas follows the equation PV=nRT. Real gas follows the equation
(P + a/V2) (V – b) = nRT.

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