Detail Structural

Analysis & Design

Report
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING

SUBMITTED BY:

Technical Services & Solutions Pvt. Ltd.

Bhimdutta MNC, Mahendra Nagar

2020
January 2016
 Contents
`

List of Tables iv

List of Figuresv

Chapter 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Objectives and Scope of Work ............................................................................................................. 1
1.3 Structural Components ........................................................................................................................ 1
1.4 Codes, Standards and References ...................................................................................................... 2
1.5 Structural Design Methodology ............................................................................................................ 3

Chapter 2 Design Philosophy and Approach ............................................................................................. 3

2.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 3
2.2 Seismic Parameters ............................................................................................................................. 3
2.3 Overall Design Procedure .................................................................................................................... 6

Chapter 3 Basic Materials ......................................................................................................................... 6

3.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 6
3.2 Concrete .............................................................................................................................................. 7
3.3 Reinforcing Steel ................................................................................................................................. 7
3.4 Soil Bearing Capacity........................................................................................................................... 7

Chapter 4 Modeling and Analysis .............................................................................................................. 7

4.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 7
4.2 Modeling of Structural System ............................................................................................................. 7
4.2.1 Beams ............................................................................................................................................7
4.2.2 Roof (OR FLOOR SLAB) ...............................................................................................................8
4.2.3 Columns .........................................................................................................................................8

Chapter 5 Loads ........................................................................................................................................ 8

5.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 8
5.2 Gravity Load ........................................................................................................................................ 8
5.3 Seismic Load ..................................................................................................................................... 11
5.3.1 Code-based Design .....................................................................................................................12
5.4 Analysis Procedures .......................................................................................................................... 12
5.4.1 Code Based Design .....................................................................................................................12
5.5 Component and Member Design ....................................................................................................... 13

Chapter 6 Structural Design Results ....................................................................................................... 14

6.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 14
6.2 Analysis Results ................................................................................................................................ 14
6.2.1 Base Shear ..................................................................................................................................15
6.2.2 Story Drift .....................................................................................................................................16
6.2.3 Deformation .................................................................................................................................16
6.3 Concrete Column Design ................................................................................................................... 17

Chapter 7 Results and Output ................................................................................................................. 17

7.1 Analysis for Building Block ................................................................................................................. 17
7.1.1 Introduction: .................................................................................................................................17
7.1.2 General Information for Building Block: ........................................................................................20

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 7.1.3 Footing Design for Residential Building Block: .............................................................................22
7.2 Typical Footing Design for Building Block (COMBINED FOOTING) .................................................. 22
7.3 Typical Slab Design ........................................................................................................................... 24
7.4 Typical Staircase Design ................................................................................................................... 25

Chapter 8 Summary ................................................................................................................................ 26

8.1 Summary ........................................................................................................................................... 26
8.1.1 Beam design summary ................................................................................................................26
8.1.2 Column Design Summary ............................................................................................................28
8.1.3 Footing Design Summary .............................................................................................................29
8.1.4 Slab Design Summary .................................................................................................................30
8.1.5 Staircase Design Summary ..........................................................................................................30

Appendix A: Sample Design for RC Column ................................................................................................. 30

Appendix B: Sample Design for RC Beam .................................................................................................... 31

APPENDIX C: COLUMN , BEAM CAPACITY RATIO CHECK ..................................................................... 32

Page iii
List of Tables
Table 1:Typical Structural Member and Components .......................................................................................... 2

Table 2:Codes and Standards ................................................................................................................................... 2

Table 3: Importance factor ........................................................................................................................................ 4

Table 4: Structural Performance factor.................................................................................................................... 5

Table 5: Compressive Strength of concrete ........................................................................................................... 7

Table 6 :Yield Strength of Reinforcing steel ............................................................................................................. 7

Table 7 : Live Load and Imposed Dead Load ........................................................................................................ 8

Table 8: Parameters for Seismic Loading ............................................................................................................... 11

Table 9: Limit State Load Combinations used in Code-based Design ............................................................. 12

Table 10: Analysis Procedures for Code Base Design ......................................................................................... 12

Table 11: Component and Member Design ......................................................................................................... 13

Table 12: General and Configuration Information of Residential building Block ........................................... 20

Table 13: Beam design Summary ............................................................................................................................ 27

Table 14:Column Design Summary ......................................................................................................................... 29

Table 15: Footing Design Summary ......................................................................................................................... 29

Table 16: Slab Design summary ............................................................................................................................... 30

Page iv
List of Figures
p

Figure 1: Subsoil type Vs Time period........................................................................................................................ 4

Figure 2: Design steps of Building .............................................................................................................................. 6

Figure 3: parapet load ................................................................................................................................................ 9

Figure 4:partition load ............................................................................................................................................... 10

Figure 5:wall load applied on beams .................................................................................................................... 11

Figure 6: Axial Force diagram (udcon1 ) ............................................................................................................... 14

Figure 7: Shear Force diagram (udcon1) .............................................................................................................. 15

Figure 8: BMD (udcon1) ............................................................................................................................................ 15

Figure 9: drift check ................................................................................................................................................... 16

Figure 10: Displacement of 3d model (Eqy) .......................................................................................................... 16

Figure 11:Displacement of 3d model (EqX) .......................................................................................................... 17

Figure 12: BEAM COLUMN & foundatin plan ........................................................................................................ 18

Figure 13: GROUND & 1ST FLOOR BEAM PLAN ...................................................................................................... 18

Figure 14:3D VIEW OF STRUCTURAL MODEL ........................................................................................................... 19

Figure 15: First Floor Reinforment required ............................................................................................................. 26

Figure 16: Second Floor Reinforcment required ................................................................................................... 26

Figure 17:3RD FLOOR REINFORCMENT .................................................................................................................... 27

Figure 18:Grid-A reinforcment ................................................................................................................................. 28

Figure 19: Grid-B Reinforment required .................................................................................................................. 28

Figure 20: grid-C longitudinal reinforcmnt required............................................................................................. 29

Figure 21: C/B capacity ratio>1.2,ALL PASSED ..................................................................................................... 32

Page v
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Introduction
This report presents the structure analysis and design of Residential Building. The building is Special Reinforced Concrete
Moment Resisting Frame (SMRF) type of building. It is designed to meet both strength and serviceability requirements
when subjected to gravity and earthquake loads.
The analysis and design has been based on IS codes & Nepal building code that are in practice in Nepal. This report consists
of the design assumptions, design methodology, design inputs and outputs, and sample design of structural members.

1.2 Objectives and Scope of Work

The main objectives of the work were to perform the structural design of the building in
terms of suitability of the structural system, cost effectiveness, efficient use of materials and
other resources, conformance to the acceptable building codes, standards and
established engineering practices, with special emphasis on the effects due to
earthquakes and other applicable demands.

The scope of work is divided into two phases.

Phase I: Structural System Development

Structural system is developed to achieve the good performance and cost effectiveness
in collaboration with the project architects.

1) Review architectural drawings provided by the client and other related documents as
necessary.

2) Develop structural concepts and the structural system with an objective to achieve
good performance and cost effectiveness.

Phase II: Detailed Structural Design

Structural design is carried out using state-of-the-art methodologies, techniques,

technologies, and tools. References were made to the relevant design codes, standards,
and documents.

1) Develop design criteria to be used for the structural design of the building.

2) Create finite element models of the structure with varying complexities and refinements
as suitable to understand the response.

3) Carry out an analysis and design of the structure, progressively using linear-static
techniques.

4) Carry out detailed design and prepare structural design drawings.

1.3 Structural Components

The components of structural system used for this report are summarized in the following
table.

Page 1
 Table 1:Typical Structural Member and Components

Structural System Element Typical Component Size of component

Types

Special RC moment- Foundation RC FOOTING(COMBINED)

resisting frame (SMRF
Column RC sections 14"X14"
Building)
Beam RC sections 12"x9" , 14"X9"

Plinth beams RC beam 12"x9"

Lintels RC beam 4"

Walls Non-load bearing walls 9", 4.5"

Roof system RC-Slab 5"

1.4 Codes, Standards and References

The structural design is based primarily on the current Standards of Indian & Nepal codes,
which is prevailingly adopted for the structural design of the buildings in Nepal.

The basic building codes to be referred are listed below which were followed for structural
design, also indicating their area of application.
Table 2:Codes and Standards

SNo. Codes andStandards Description

1 IS 456: 2000 Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice

2 NBC 102: 1994 Code of Practice for Design Loads (other than Earthquake) for
Buildings
and Structures: Part 1 Dead Loads – UnitWeights of Building
Material and
Stored Materials (Second Revision)
3 NBC 103: 1994 Code of Practice for Design Loads (other than Earthquake) for
Buildings
and Structures: Part 2 Imposed Loads (Second Revision)
4 NBC 104: 1994 Code of Practice for Design Loads (other than Earthquake) for
Buildings
and Structures: Part 3 Wind Loads (Second Revision)
5 SP 34: 1987 Handbook on Concrete Reinforcement and Detailing
6 IS 13920: 1993 Ductile detailing of reinforced concrete structures subjected to
seismic
forces - Code of practice
7 NBC 105: 1994 Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of structures
The structural analysis and design were carried out using relevant Indian Codes of Practice. The earthquake loading were
carried out using IS1893 2002. The structural reinforced concrete design of foundation, column, beam and slab were done
based on IS 456. Also, the system has been designed to meet the ductility requirements of IS 13920.

Page 2
1.5 Structural Design Methodology
SAP2000 version 21..0 was used for the linear static analysis and design of three-dimensional structures, in which the
spatial distribution of the mass and stiffness of the structure was adequate for the calculation of the significant features of
structures.
The structural elements of reinforced concrete were designed to Limit State Theory, while the structural steel elements
were designed to the Permissible Stress Theory. The major structural elements were automatically designed in the
programmer to IS 456 for reinforced concrete structures elements, while the certain design calculations for those not
properly figured due to the limitation of program were manually carried out in accordance with the relevant latest standards.

Chapter 2 Design Philosophy and Approach

2.1 Introduction
This chapter presents the design philosophy and approach used in structural design of
buildings.

2.2 Seismic Parameters

This section describes the seismic parameters taken for analysis of each
commercial/residential building.

Seismic Coefficient Method:

(Nepal Standard: NS 105:1994)

Horizontal Seismic Base Shear

According to Nepal Standard NS:105: 1994, the horizontal seismic shear force acting at the
base of the structure, in the direction being considered, shall be :
Vb = Cd*Wt
Where, Cd is basic seismic coefficient.
Cd =C*Z*I*K

Horizontal Seismic Forces

The horizontal seismic force at each level (i) shall be taken as:
Fi= Vb Wihi/ ΣW ihi

The set of equivalent static forces specified above were assumed to act simultaneously at
each level in the direction being considered and were applied through points eccentric
to the centre of rigidity.

Fundamental Natural Period(NS 105:1994):

The approximate fundamental natural period of vibration ( T ), in seconds, for moment -
resisting frame buildings without brick infill panels, was estimated by the empirical
expression:

T = 0.06 h0.75

Where

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 h = Height of building
Base seismic coefficient (c):
To determine the seismic load, it is considered that the country lies in the seismic zone z=0.91
according to NBC-105. The soil is subsoil typeIII. The building is analyzed as moment resisting
frame without consideration of infill wall. Therefore the base seismic coefficient is obtained
by using the following graph of time period vs soil type:

Figure 1: Subsoil type Vs Time period

Importance factor(I):
Importance factor for the calculation of seismic is taken as on the following type
Table 3: Importance factor

S.N Types of Building Importance factor

1 Residential Building 1
2 Public & commercial Building 1.5

Zone factore(z):

zone factors for different municipalities and other regions are given in below table and
region

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 Structural performance factor(k):

The minimum permissible value of the structural performance factor, K, and associated
detailing requirements shall be as given in Table 8.2.

The structural type may be different in each of two directions in a building and in that case
the appropriate value for K shall be selected for each direction.

When more than one structural type is used in the structure, for the direction under
consideration, the structural performance factor for the element providing the majority of
the seismic load resistance shall be applied provided that the elements of the other
structural types have the ability to accept the resulting deformations.
Table 4: Structural Performance factor

s.n Structural type Minimum detailing requirements Structural

performance
factor(k)

1 Ductile moment-resisting frame Must comply with the detailing 1.0

for ductility requirements.

2 Frame as in 1 with reinforced Reinforced concrete shear walls 1.0

concrete shear walls must comply with appropriate3
detailing for ductility
requirement

3 Frame as in 1(a) with masonry infills Must comply with the detailing 21.2
for ductility requirements.

4 Frame as in 1 with either steel Steel bracing members must 1.51.2

bracing members detailed for comply with the detailing for

Page 5
 ductility or reinforced concrete infill ductility requirements NBC 111-
panels 94.

2.3 Overall Design Procedure

Analysis and design of the buildings was performed according to the following steps for
each structural system.

1) Structural system/concept was developed for each structural system. Used the
basic structural systems described in Table 1.1 as a guideline.

2) Created the finite element model with varying complexity and refinement suitable
for developing understanding the response. Carried out different types of analysis
to determine the response of the building under gravity and lateral loadings.

3) Design the structural components to remain elastic under gravity and earthquake
loads under DBE level earthquake, as appropriate. Linear analysis was conducted
for DBE level earthquake with response reduction factor to determine the response
of the building. Design was carried out in accordance with the relevant provisions
of the latest national building code and Indian standard provisions.

4) If the global building and local component responses meet the acceptance
criteria, structural design drawings was prepared.

Architectural
Design
Step 1: Structural System
Development
Step 2: Modeling and Analysis

Step 3: Structural Design in

accordance with building
codes
Step 4: Design using IS & NBC code

Step 4: Compare design results and

take critical values for drawing.

Step 6: Preparation of
structural drawings

Figure 2: Design steps of Building

Chapter 3 Basic Materials

3.1 Introduction
This chapter presents the strength of materials used in the design of structural components.

Page 6
3.2 Concrete

The minimum compressive, used in different types of structural components are shown in
the following table.
Table 5: Compressive Strength of concrete

f'c (Nominal) f'c (Expected)

Standard Member
(MPa) (MPa)
NBC 102 :1994 Footings 20 20

NBC 102 :1994 Beams 20 20

NBC 102 :1994 Columns 20 20

3.3 Reinforcing Steel

Minimum yield strength of reinforcing steel to be used in the design is shown in the following
table.
Table 6 :Yield Strength of Reinforcing steel

fy (Nominal) fy (Expected)
Diameter
(MPa) (MPa)
10mm and below 415 456.5

12 mm and above 500 550

3.4 Soil Bearing Capacity

Three types of Soil type were considered in the current design. The geometrical size of
footing was determined considering the allowable bearing capacity as 120 KN/m2
respectively.

Chapter 4 Modeling and Analysis

4.1 Introduction

This chapter presents the finite element modeling of the building, including modeling
assumptions of materials, sections, and components properties.

4.2 Modeling of Structural System

Complete, three-dimensional elastic models were created, representing the structure’s
spatial distribution of the mass and stiffness to an extent that was adequate for the
calculation of the significant features of the building’s linear response. ETABS was used as
analysis tool. Nominal material properties were used in modeling of structural components.
The models include columns, beams, slabs, and roof truss.

4.2.1 Beams
Frame elements were used in modeling of beams, which includes the effects of bending,
torsion, axial deformation, and shear deformations. Insertion points and end offsets were
applied to account for the finite size of beam and column intersections, if required. The

Page 7
 end offsets may be made partially or fully rigid based on engineering judgment to model
the stiffening effect that can occur when the ends of an element were embedded in beam
and column intersections.

4.2.2 Roof (OR FLOOR SLAB)

Concrete thin shell elements were used in modeling of slab. Slab should be design in such
a way that its thickness is suitable on application of all loads within its maximum deflection
criteria.

4.2.3 Columns
Frame elements were used in modeling of columns, which includes the effects of biaxial
bending, torsion, axial deformation, and biaxial shear deformations. Insertion points and
end offsets were applied to account for the finite size of beam and column intersections,
if required. The end offsets may be made partially or fully rigid based on engineering
judgment to model the stiffening effect that can occur when the ends of an element were
embedded in beam and column intersections.

Chapter 5 Loads
5.1 Introduction
This chapter presents the design loads considered in the structural design, including gravity
loads and seismic loads.

5.2 Gravity Load

Self-weight of the structure was considered as dead load and finishes and partitions were
considered as imposed dead load. Live load was determined in accordance with
occupancy or use. The following loads are in addition to the self-weight of the structure.
The minimum loading requirements were taken from NS 101-1994.
Table 7 : Live Load and Imposed Dead Load

Occupancy or Use Live Load Imposed Dead Load

To be computed for actual finishes and
Bedrooms 2.5 KN/m2
partitions
To be computed for actual finishes and
Corridors 4.0 KN/m2
partitions
To be computed for inaccessible except
Roof 0.75 KN/m2
for maintenance

Page 8
Figure 3: parapet load

Page 9
Figure 4:partition load

Page 10
Figure 5:wall load applied on beams

5.3 Seismic Load

The basic seismic input was determined from NS 105:1994

Table 8: Parameters for Seismic Loading

Parameter Value

NS 105:1994
Zone factor, Z 0.91
Importance factor, I 1
Structural performance factor, k 1
Soil type sub soil type III

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5.3.1 Code-based Design

5.3.1.1 Combinations for Limit State Method (NS 105:1994)

Limit State Method design load combinations used in code-based design are shown in the
following table.(Ref: IS 1893:2002)
Table 9: Limit State Load Combinations used in Code-based Design

No. Load Combination

1 1.5(DL+LL)

2 1.2(DL+LL±EL)

3 1.5(DL±EL)

4 0.9DL ± 1.5 EL

where: DL = Dead load

LL = Live load

EL = Earthquake load

Live load was not included in the mass calculations.

5.4 Analysis Procedures

5.4.1 Code Based Design

Analysis procedure of the code-based design was shown in the table below.
Table 10: Analysis Procedures for Code Base Design

Load Case Analysis Procedures

Gravity load Linear Static

Earthquake load Linear Static

Live Load Linear Static

5.4.1.1 Seismic Weight

The seismic weight at each level, Wi, were taken as the sum of the dead loads and the
seismic live loads between the mid-heights of adjacent storeys. 100% of dead load,
superimposed dead load and 25% of live load upto 3 kN/m2 and 50% of live load above 3
KN/m2were considered as mass source.

Page 12
 Location of site = MAHENDRANAGAR
Type of building = Residential
Importance factor (I) = 1

Zone z = 0.92
Performance factor k = 1
NO OF STOREY = 3
Height of building = 9.144 m

As per clause 7.3 of NBC 105 fundamental time period of building is given by
T = 0.316 sec

For this time period and Type III soil Basic seismic coefficient
C = 0.08 [fig 8.1 NBC 105 ]
Design base shear coefficient Cd = 0.0736

Seismic weight = 2329.26 kN

Base shear = 171.433536 kN

5.4.1.2 Linear Static Procedure (LSP)

Linear static analysis was carried out for gravity and earthquake loadings.

5.5 Component and Member Design

The structural components were designed to satisfy the strength and ductility requirements.
Strength capacities for different types of actions considered in the design are summarized
in the table below.
Table 11: Component and Member Design

Structural Component Design Code Reference

System Approach/Consideration
Special RC RC beams Flexural response IS 456:2000
moment Shear
Resisting
RC columns Compression IS 456:2000
frame
Flexure
Shear
Footings Bearing capacity of soil IS 456:2000
Flexural, shear
RC Moment connections IS 456:2000
connections Shear connections

Page 13
Chapter 6 Structural Design Results
6.1 Introduction
This chapter presents the analysis and design results of the building. The structural
components were designed to resist the elastic demand forces considering R factor using
seismic coefficient analysis method.

6.2 Analysis Results

The analysis results for the building are tabulated in section capture 7. Axial force diagram,
Bending Moment diagram, Shear Force diagram for certain load combinations are given
below

Figure 6: Axial Force diagram (udcon1 )

Page 14
 Figure 7: Shear Force diagram (udcon1)

Figure 8: BMD (udcon1)

6.2.1 Base Shear

The base shear was compared in the above tie beam level. Total weight of building above
tie beam level and base shear is shown as in table in capture 7 below.Base shear
distribution is given below

Page 15
6.2.2 Story Drift
Maximum drift was calculated based on the SMRF structure. The deflection deviation from
SAP2000 uses to obtain the maximum drift for center of diaK6phragm for individual floor.

Drift check(Y-direction)

Storey LoadCase height(m) Absolute Drift(mm) Relative Drift(mm) permissible drift check
Ground EqX 3.048 0 0 12.192 OK
1st EqX 3.048 3.82 3.82 12.192 OK
2nd EqX 3.048 9.57 5.75 12.192 OK
3rd EqX 3.048 12.86 3.29 12.192 OK

Overall height = 9.144

Max drift = 12.86
Permissible drift = 36.576 Safe

Drift check(X-direction)
Storey LoadCase height(m) Absolute Drift(mm) Relative Drift(mm) permissible drift check
Ground EqY 3.048 0 0 12.192 OK
1st EqY 3.048 3.2 3.2 12.192 OK
2nd EqY 3.048 7.91 4.71 12.192 OK
3rd EqY 3.048 10.45 2.54 12.192 OK

Figure 9: drift check

6.2.3 Deformation
Maximum deformation of the building for static earthquake load condition for X and Y direction was checked
from SAP2000 model. Deformed value of the structure is tabulated in capture 7. Deflected shape of building in
x-dir and y-dir due to Eqx & Eqy respectively are shown below

Figure 10: Displacement of 3d model (Eqy)

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Figure 11:Displacement of 3d model (EqX)

6.3 Concrete Column Design

The concrete column was designed using various sections with reference IS 456. The
minimum size of column was designed considering the ductile detailing with reference to
IS 13920. Section input to be provided is as shown in below diagrams

Foundation Design

Foundation was designed as an isolated footing. The dimension of the foundation was
calculated based on 150 kN/m2 soil bearing capacity. The thickness of 350 mm footing
was used for the foundation. The thickness was checked under punching shear and size of
footing was determined considering nominal load transfer mechanism from the column to
foundation below.

Chapter 7 Results and Output

7.1 Analysis for Building Block

7.1.1 Introduction:
This chapter presents the finite element modeling of the building as mansion in chapter 2,
including modeling assumptions of materials, sections, components properties and design
and result of the building

Page 17
 Figure 12: BEAM COLUMN & foundatin plan

Figure 13: GROUND & 1ST FLOOR BEAM PLAN

Page 18
Figure 14:3D VIEW OF STRUCTURAL MODEL

Page 19
7.1.2 General Information for Building Block:
Table 12: General and Configuration Information of Residential building Block

A General Information: Building Block

A.1 Owner’s Name:
Address: Bhimdutta MNC-
A.3 Types of Building: Residential Building
A4 Plinth area(sq.ft)
A.5 Structural Designed By:
Consultancy Firm: Technical Services & Solutions pvt Ltd.
Designers’ Name: Dambar Mouny
Nepal Engineering Council No: 21461 Civil"A"

Geometrical Configuration of
B
Building:
B.1 No. of Block: 1
B.2 No. of Story: 3
B.3 Story Height:
Basements 0
Ground Floor 3.048
Typical 3.048
B.4 No. of column: 10 Ground Floor
B.5 No. of Lift: 0
B.6 No. of staircase: 1 Ground Floor
9.144
B.7 Total height of structure:
Total height for Fundamental time
B.8 9.144
period calculation:
B.9 Height to width ratio of building: 1.78
B.10 Length to width ratio of building: 3.19
C Geological Investigation:
C.1 Soil Investigation Report:
C.2 Soil Investigation Done By:
for
KN/
C.3 Allowable Bearing Capacity: 120 isolated
m2
footing
Structural Analysis and Design
D
Procedure:
Structural Analysis
D.1
Software:(Sap2000V20)
D.2 Structural System: SMRF
D.3 Foundation System: Isolated Foundation

Page 20
 D.4 Loading Parameters:
As per
NBC
i. Dead Load:
(102:199
4)
As per
NBC
ii. Live Load:
(103:199
4)
iii. Other Load if any
Foundation, Column,
D.5 Concrete Grade Used: 20 Mpa
Beam, Slab

HYSD
D.6 Reinforcement Grade Used: Mpa
500
Reinforcement Grade Used for HYSD
Mpa
shear: 415
Mechanical Properties of other
D.7
construction materials used:
i. Brick 19.2 KN/m3
ii. Steel Section 76.9 KN/m3
iii. Other

Seismic Load (NS 105:1994) :-

D.10.
D.10.1 Zone Factor (Z): 0.91
D.10.2 Importance Factor(I): 1
D.10.3 Soil Type: III
0.316
D.10.4 Fundamental Time Period (Tx/y): 0.316 sec
D.10.5 Structural performance Factor (k): 1
Design horizontal Seismic
D.10.6 0.0736
Coefficient (Cd):
D.10.7 Seismic Weight: 2329.26 kN
Design Seismic Base Shear
D.10.8 171.43 kN
(Vbx/y):
D.11 Seismic Analysis Method:
D.11.1 Seismic Analysis method Seismic Coefficient Method
D.11.2 Total Deflection of Building:
i. Along X-direction: 10.45 mm
ii. Along Y-Direction: 12.86 mm
D.11.3 Inter Story Deflection (Drift): EQx EQy
Storey 3 3.29 2.54
Storey 2 5.75 4.71 mm
Storey 1 3.82 3.2 mm
D.11.4 Separation Between blocks if any:
D.11.5 Load Combination Considered: (NS 105:1994)
1.5(DL)
1.5(DL+LL)

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 1.2(DL+LL±EQx/y)
1.5(DL±EQx/y)
0.9DL ± 1.5 EQx/y
E. Reinforced Concrete Design
E.1 Concrete Design code Referred: IS456:2000
E.2 Ductile Detailing code Referred: (IS13920:1993)

Typical design of structural

E.3 elements foundation, slab, IS456:2000
staircase, retaining wall etc:

7.1.3 Footing Design for Residential Building Block:

Foundation was designed as an isolated footing based on 150 kN/m 2 bearing capacity
dimension of footing was calculated. The thickness was checked under punching shear.
The thickness of foundation used for calculation was 500 mm.

7.2 Typical Footing Design for Building Block (COMBINED FOOTING)

DESIGN OF COMBINED FOOTING

PROJECT NAME 3STOREY BUILDING DESIGN
TOWER
DATE 1/13/2020
FOOTING ID CF1
P1 P2 Calculation of CG of load
355 355
COLUMN SIZE
355 355
COLUMN LOADS P1(MT) P2(MT) Fe 415 CG from P1 7.42 ft
335 263 M 20 2261.44 mm
Total Load " P "( MT) 598
S.B.C (T/SFT) 10 107.6392 KN/M2
Area of the Footing reqd. (sft) 65.78 Width (ft) 5 1.52 m GRADE R
Area of the Footing Provided (sft) 90 O.K Length (ft) 18 5.49 m M20/FE 500 0.8 N/MM2
NUPI (lb/ft2) 14644.36 6.64 T/SFT M25/FE 500 0.98 N/MM2
SAFE <SBC M30/FE 500 1.15 N/MM2
Design of Cantilever slab: M35/FE 500 1.32 N/MM2
Span L (ft) 1.00 0.3 m 335 263
Bending Moment (in-lb) 87866.13 9.93 kn-m c c
d reqd. (in) 6.2 157 mm

Provide D (in) 24 600 mm

Effective Depth (in) 22 560 mm 1.0

Ast (in2) 0.11 70.98 mm2

Provide 12mm dia (inch) 18.54 471 mm

Provide 16mm dia (inch) 33.81 859 mm 5.0
So,Provide 12mm dia bars at 150 mmc/c 3.00

Design of Strip Beam:

Span L (ft) 16.87 5.1 m
B D
Try Beam of size (IN) 36 36 INCH 1.0
900 900 MM
Provided Load due to
Cantilever Slab( lb/ft) 29289 427 kn/m CO 1.6 16.9 CO -0.5
Bending Moment (in-lb) 8335476.39 941.91 kn-m
(W*L*L/12)
d reqd. (in) 34.8 883 mm
18.0

Page 22
Check for Deep Beam:
Span L (ft) 16.87 5.14 m CHECK FOR SHEAR IN CANTILEVER SLAB
Depth D (ft) 3.00 0.91 m V 1220.36 lb
Effective Depth 34 860 mm
L/D 5.62 <2.5 5.4 kn
It is not necessary to go for Deep Beam
Deep Beam Condition Tv 0.01 N/mm2
Span L (ft) 16.87 5.14 m Tc 1.12 N/mm2
Depth D (ft) 3.00 0.91 m
Lever Arm Z (ft) 4.274 1303 mm SHEAR CHECK O.K
2 1.5
Ast (in2) 4.07 2628 mm2

2
Not Deep Beam Condition
Ast (in2) 8.64 5571.84 mm2

Check for Shear:

Shear Force V 200.9 KN constants Q Tc Max
(W*(L-d/2) M Fe
20 415 0.91 2.8
Tv 0.4 25 415 1.1 3.1
Vu/(b*d) 30 415 1.31 3.5
Pt =Ast*100/(b*d) 35 415 1.5 3.7
for Deep Beam cndn 0.87 %
for not Deep Beam cndn 0.72 %

Tc( from table) 0.34

Vus=(Tv-Tc)*b*d 38185 N
Spacing for 10mm dia 2553.32 mm 4 Leggd
Spacing for 12mm dia 3675.48 mm
So,Provide 10mm dia bars @ 150mmc/c

Tension Reinforcement:
(a) At Zone Depth of 0.2*D 180 mm
Ast for Deep Beam cndn 6732.67 mm2
So,Provide #4-20+#4-16
Ast for Not Deep Beam cndn 14273.20

Design of Cantilever Beam:

Span L (ft) 1.00 0.30 m
Loads due to Cant. Slabs (lb/ft) 29289 427 kn/m
Bending Moment M (in-lb) 175115.39 19.79 kn-m
W*L*L/2
d reqd. (in) 5.04 128 mm
Ast (in2) 0.14 92 mm2

Page 23
7.3 Typical Slab Design

SLAB DESIGN
Input Calculation Output Date : 13 January 2020
Slab Mark S1 Floor Finish (w sdl) 1.70 kN/m2
Overall Depth (D) 125 mm Live Load (w sl) 2.50 kN/m2
Effective Cover (d') 15 mm Other Loads (w vl) 0.00 kN/m2
Grade of Concrete (fck) 7 Self Weight (w dl) 3.13 kN/m2
Grade of Steel (fy) Total Load (w) 7.33 kN/m2
Clear Span in Shorter Direction (l x) 3.81 m Factored Total Load (w u) 10.99 kN/m2
Clear Span in Longer Direction (l y) 5.14 m Edge Support Condition
Reinforcement Details
Diameter of Bars along Shorter Direction at Mid-span (φ x-mid) 10 mm Diameter of Bars along Shorter Direction at Support (φ x-sup) 10 mm
Diameter of Bars along Longer Direction at Mid-span (φ y-mid) 10 mm Diameter of Bars along Longer Direction at Support (φ y-sup) 10 mm
Spacing for Bars along Shorter Direction at Mid-span (s x-mid) 300 mm Spacing for Bars along Shorter Direction at Support (s x-sup) 300 mm
Provided Spacing for Bars along Shorter Direction at Mid-span 150 mm Provided Spacing for Bars along Shorter Direction at Support 200 mm
Spacing for Bars along Longer Direction at Mid-span (s y-mid) 300 mm Spacing for Bars along Longer Direction at Support (s y-sup) 300 mm
Provided Spacing for Bars along Longer Direction at Mid-span 250 mm Provided Spacing for Bars along Longer Direction at Support 450 mm

Corners Lift-up? 1 Ast, torsion 392.70 mm2

Diameter of Bars in Mesh (φ t) 10 mm Spacing of Bars in Mesh (st) 200 mm
Provide 10 mm φ @ 200 mm c/c both ways at top and bottom at each corner over an area 770 mm × 770 mm
Strength Criteria
pt,lim 0.96 % pt,provided 0.48 %
Design is Safe for Strength Criteria
Deflection Criteria
Middle Support
(l/d)max 52.00 51.35
Shorter Direction
(l/d)provided 35.64 35.64
(l/d)max 52.00 41.37
Longer Direction
(l/d)provided 39.20 39.20
Design is Safe for Deflection Criteria
Shear Criteria
Design is Safe for Shear Criteria

DRAW
10 φ @ 200 mm

10 φ @ 150 mm 10 φ @ 200 mm
3.81 m

10 φ @ 250 mm 10 φ @ 450 mm

5.14 m

Page 24
7.4 Typical Staircase Design

Staircase Design

Data
Effective Span (l) 3.32 mm m
Riser (R) 150 mm
Thread (T) 250 mm
Waist Slab thickness (t) 125 mm
Clear Cover 15 mm
Effective Depth of Waist Slab (d) 110 mm

Grade of Concrete (fck) 20 MPa

Grade of Steel (fy) 415 MPa

Loading
Loads on going Loads on waist slab
Self weight of waist slab 3.64 KN/m Self weight of landing slab 3.13 KN/m
Self weight of steps 1.88 KN/m Live Load 4.00 KN/m
Live Load 4.00 KN/m Floor Finish Load 1.00 KN/m
Floor Finish Load 1.50 KN/m Total Load 8.13 KN/m
Total Load 11.02 KN/m Factored Load 12.19 KN/m
Factored Load 16.53 KN/m

Bending Moment
Calculate Bending Moment using the equation (W*L*L )/8
Bending Moment = 23 KN-m

Reaction
to be used as UDL = 27 KN
60 KN-m

Area of Main Steel

Ast 655 sqmm

Spacing
Diameter of bar 12ø 16ø
Spacing across x 173 c/c 307 c/c

Provded Main Steel: 12 c/c 150 c/c

Area of Distribution Steel

Ast 150 sqmm

Spacing
Diameter of bar 8ø 10ø
Spacing across y 335 c/c 524 c/c

Provided Distridution Steel: 8 300

Page 25
Chapter 8 Summary
8.1 Summary
Structural design was carried out for buildings. Structural system was Special moment
resisting reinforced concrete frame system with in-filled wall. Special moment resisting
frame was analyzed with seismic load from NBC 105:1994 and reinforced concrete
members were designed with IS456. The outputs from both codes were compared. The
reinforced concrete section was taken from bigger value among the values obtained from
the codes. The foundations were designed as isolated footing considering the bearing
capacity of soil 120KN/m2 respectively. The proposed design satisfies the key requirement
of the building codes.

The detail structural drawings of all structural elements, ductile detailing as well as non
structural elements is in separate volume of drawing. The output results were as per analysis
done in SAP2000 V20 which is provided in CD

8.1.1 Beam design summary

Figure 15: First Floor Reinforment required

Figure 16: Second Floor Reinforcment required

Page 26
Figure 17:3RD FLOOR REINFORCMENT

Table 13: Beam design Summary

S.N storey grid location end spans stirrups

1 1st storey & 2ND 1-1,2-2,3-3,4-4,5- Top 2-16Ø+3-12 Ø 2-16Ø 8mm@150c/c
storey 5
bottom 2-16Ø 2-16Ø+2-12 Ø 8mm@150c/c

A-A, C-C top 2-16Ø+1-12 Ø 2-16Ø 8mm@150c/c

bottom 2-16Ø 2-16Ø+1-12 Ø 8mm@150c/c

2 3rd STOREY 1-1,2-2,3-3,4-4,5- Top 2-16Ø+1-12 Ø 2-16Ø 8mm@150c/c

5
bottom 2-12Ø 2-16Ø+1-12 Ø 8mm@150c/c

A-A ,C-C Top 2-16Ø 2-16Ø 8mm@150c/c

bottom 2-16Ø 2-16Ø 8mm@150c/c

Page 27
8.1.2 Column Design Summary

Figure 18:Grid-A reinforcment

Figure 19: Grid-B Reinforment required

Page 28
 Figure 20: grid-C longitudinal reinforcmnt required

Table 14:Column Design Summary

S.N Label Size Longitudinal Transverse Reinforcment

reinforcment
1 A4,A5,C4,C5 14X14 4-16 Ø+4-12 Ø 8mm @ 150 c/c
2 EXCEPT ABOVE 14X14 8-16 Ø 8mm @ 150 c/c

8.1.3 Footing Design Summary

Table 15: Footing Design Summary

FOOTING FOOTING FOUNDATION GEOMETRY(COMBINED) REINFORCMENT

NO GROUP
SLOPE END
LENGTH(m) WIDTH(m) THICKNESS THICKNESS LONGITUDINAL TRANSVERAL
1 all 4.71 1.53 0.6 12mm@150c/c 12mm@150c/c

Page 29
8.1.4 Slab Design Summary
Table 16: Slab Design summary

S.N Major direction Minor direction

1 10 mm @ 200 mm c/c 8 mm @ 150 mm c/c

8.1.5 Staircase Design Summary

S.N Portion Main bar distribution
bar
1 Flight 12 mm @ 150 mm 8mm @ 300
c/c mm c/c
Landing 12 mm @ 150 mm 8mm @ 300
c/c mm c/c

Appendix A: Sample Design for RC Column

SAP2000 V20 Concrete Frame Design

Page 30
Appendix B: Sample Design for RC Beam
SAP2000 V20 Concrete Frame Design
IS 456:2000 Beam Section Design

Page 31
APPENDIX C: COLUMN , BEAM CAPACITY RATIO CHECK

C/B ratio
Ratio of flexural capacity of Beam/column is computed to preclude the formation of plastic hinges in
columns for obvious reasons.
Sum of flexural capacities of column at a joint should be 1.2 times the capacities of beam framing
into the joint in particular direction.
When capacity is exceeded, we can increase the size of column, or reduce the size of beam, or play
with reinforcement of members. It has nothing to do with redistribution of moments; If both end of
column will yield, during a seismic event, in a particular story, structure will most probably
collapse. In a frame, that is resisting lateral loads, you cannot take away the ability of beam to
develop negative moment; if you do not provide top reinforcement, it will not be called a moment
resisting frame, and will not resist lateral loads.

Figure 21: C/B capacity ratio>1.2,ALL PASSED

Page 32