Psychology Semester 1 Exam Review

Mathews
25 Point Assignment
Success Psychology:
Know the seven Habits
1 – 3 ___________ Success

H1:

Example- You make up a study schedule

H2:

Example Setting goals

H3:

Example- Do your HW before you play video

Chart with examples:

4 – 6 ___________ Success (

H4:

Example- Help someone, they will help you

H5:

Example- No one cares how much you know

until they know how much you care.

H6:

Example- Use a group’s diversity for creativity

don’t be afraid of what’s different.
Habit 7

_____
The Four Tools of Disciple are:
T1:
Example- HW first, TV when your chores are
done! Ought before Want!
T2:

Example- AA- I did it, I need to change.

T3:
Example- Use the tools you have, don’t
concentrate on the ones you don’t. Mr. Mathews
will Not play on the PGA, even though he loves
golf!

T4:

Example- All work and no play makes Jack a

dull boy. Spiritual, Professional, and Social all
need to be addressed

Who is responsible for the “Four Tools of

Discipline?

Who gave us the “7 Habits of Highly Effective

People?”

Chapter 1:
Sigmund Freud-
Basic science-
Applied Science-
Hypothesis-

Theory-

Watson-

Dualism-

Ivan Pavlov-

_______________ Psychologist- Works with

young kids and adolescents. Mostly in schools

__________t- One of the goals of Psychology.

Guess an outcome
___________ – Studies the workplace and the
effects of our surroundings
________________- Structuralism. 1st
Psychology lab.

________________- Inheritable Traits. Nature

v Nurture debate.
______________- Behaviorist. Walden Two.

The vast majority of psychologists study

O___________________
Longitudinal Study- Study

Cross sectional study-

Blind Study-
Double Blind-

Case Study-

Independent Variable-

Dependent Variable-

______________- One that receives no

treatment or a Placebo.

______________- One that receives a treatment.

__________________- A neutral treatment

Naturalistic Observation:
Survey-

Experiment-

______________- When a participant changes

his attitude or performance based on his believes
about a treatment he believes he has received.

__________- When a person acts in a way to

ensure what he believes will happen happens.

_________________- When two variables

increase OR decrease together

_______________- When two variables increase

or decrease in opposite directions.

Conditioning Chapter 9
A. ________________- Brings about a
consistent response w/o conditioning.

B. Discrimination –
C. Extinction -

D. Generalization-

E. Primary Reinforcer-

AB. Secondary Reinforcer -

AC. _______________- When secondary

reinforces obtain value to subjects.

AE. Modeling -

BC. Behavior Modification

BD. Shaping-

Reinforcement Schedules:
Fixed Ratio-

Example:

Variable Ratio

Example:
Fixed Interval:

Example:

Variable Interval:

Example:
.
Classical Conditioning- Ivan Pavlov.

Operant Conditioning-

Stimulus-
Response-

Reinforcement-

Positive Reinforcement-

Negative Reinforcement- -

Punishment-
Punishment I-
Punishment II-

Avoidance Conditioning-

Escape Conditioning-

_______________________: You feel you have

no control in a situation so you do not even try!

Memory Ch 10:
_________________ - A police line-up. You
have to see the answer to remember it!

_________l - Describing a suspect to a police

artist. Reconstruct previously learned material.

____________ - Filling in memory gaps with

plausible but not necessarily accurate info

____________ – Chronological retention of

events in one’s life.

____________- The ability to remember visual

info based on short term exposure.
_____________- Memories flood back when in
same emotional state as when it occurred.

____________________ - H.O.M.E.S Many

beautiful HOMES on the Great Lakes. Devices
we create to help us remember

____________- Grouping into sets to increase

Short Term Mem.

Maintenance Rehearsal-

____________________- Alteration of a
memory by simplification or distortion based on
experience, attitude or environment.

Schemas - Conceptual frameworks.

Decay - Forgetting over time.

Interference-
.
Proactive Interference -

Retroactive Interference -
Repression- Freud-

Elaborate Rehearsal –

Procedural Memory-

Encoding -

Sensory Mem. –

___________ - About 7 items. Lasts as long

as you rehearse it.

____________ - Unlimited space. In until you

die or decay.
_________________- Calling up of stored info

Declarative Memory-

_____________ – Placing stuff in your memory.

Chapter 12 Motivation:
Instinct Theory-
______________________: Clark Hull. We are
motivated by relieving internal tension (drives)

_____________- Abe Maslow: We are on a

quest for self-actualization (being our best):
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs.

Incentive/Arousal Theory:

__________________: Our body’s constant

quest for equilibrium.

Motivation- The incentive to act.

Motive- Moving towards a specific goal

Drive- The internal tension that pushes us to act.

Need- Creates a drive something that you want

or require.

Incentive- This is a reward that pulls us toward

an act.

Emotion- Feelings
Motives:
Motive 1-

Motive 2-

Conscious Motive:

Unconscious Motive:

Extrinsic Motive:

Intrinsic Motive:

Ch 14 Personality Theories:
Rogers:

Freud: Psychoanalyst: We are motivated by our

unconscious. Life is a struggle between the ID
(Primal desires) and the Superego (Moral being)
and moderated by the Ego (reality based)
Maslow: .

Id:
Superego-
Ego-
Defense Mechanisms:
Sublimation:
Exmple:

Denial
Example:

Displacement:
Example:

Rationalization: .

Repression:
Example: Rape, abuse, death

Regression - .
Example:

Reaction Formation - .
Example:

Projection:
Example:

Dream Analysis:
Learning Theories: Actions based on reward and
punishment (behaviorism).

Free Association:

Conscious Mind-

Unconscious Mind:

Ch 16 Psychological Disorders:
Agoraphobics would probably be more afraid at
home than at the mall.
Ophidiophibics love to go to the reptile section
of the zoo.
Phobias are usually caused by brain chemistry.
Anxiety disorders affect 15-20% of the
population.
The Humanistic Perspective relies heavily on the
cognitive domain.
Most people respond the same way to stressful
events
The cause of Hypochondria is physical illness.
Somatoform illnesses are usually long-lasting.
Most psychologists agree that Obsessive
Compulsive Disorder is caused by brain
chemistry.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder is usually a
learned behavior.

Perspectives:
Biological

Psychodynamic

Cognitive

Behavioral

Humanistic

Stigma:

Possible Short Responses:

Describe Freud’s idea of the minds constant

struggle for control. You must use his terms for
the factors in your mind vying for control:
In the space below explain the Stanley Milgram
experiment. Describe its purpose, what he
learned, how you believe you would have acted
as a “teacher,” and list any moral and ethical
problems you have with the experiment as a
whole.

List AND define 3 defense mechanisms. In

addition give an example of each in use in our
everyday lives:

DM 1:

Example:

DM 2:

Example

DM 3:
Example:

Draw the time/matrix, label the quadrants AND

give an example of an activity in each quadrant:
I II

III IV

Discuss the four goals of psychology and

provide an example of each.

Goal 1:

Goal 2:

Goal 3:
 Goal 4:
Write out a description of a classical
conditioning case (it can be one that we have
studied, Pavlov, Little Albert, or Samson) and
list, using bullet-points, all of the elements.

Create a flow chart, complete with definitions

for the Memory Process:
SR 8: Give the name of the chart below, tell who
originated it and label the 5 steps one must go
through to reach their top potential (and give the
name the originator has for reaching your top
potential.)