FAE3043

BIOMASS-BASED PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT

Title of Experiment: selection of biomass material and conversion study I

Lecturer’s Name: Prof. Madya Dr. Palsan Sannasi Bin Abdullah

Submitted by:

Student’s Name Matric number

Nur Azhani Azzaharah binti Norazmi F17A0144
Nurul Salsabila binti Mohd Shukeri F17B0237
Nur Raudhatul Syahindah Bt Mohd Radzi F17A0084

Chiew Yun Hong F17A0153

Ee Kai Ting F17A0156
Arief Fahmi bin Abdul ahim F17A0012

Group number: 6
Introduction

This experiment known as convention of biomass. There are two types of convention that applied in
this experiment which are physical and thermochemical. For physical convention, the biomass like
coconut husk and dried leaves were grinded by using hammer and crushed using hand to turn them
into small size. While for thermochemical, we applied heat to the grinded biomass. The biomass were
put into tin and burned it in coal until the biomass turn into coal. The chemical reaction like
combustion was occur in the tin when applied heat.
Materials

Weighing machine, carbonization drum, goggles, heat resistant gloves, face masks, storage container,
scoop, small steel tong, holder, charcoal and fire starter, hammer

Procedure

Collected biomass material likes leaves and coconut shell during lab session
1 are sorted out.

Collected samples undergoes a thorough cleaning by washing and dried

them.

Dried collected samples are cut into small pieces with the size around 2mm
to 30mm by hammer.

Small pieces samples are put into small steel tong then weight them.

A hole is made on the top cover of the steel tong.

Steel tong with small pieces sample is put into charcoal stove and burn.

Gas emitted is observed until no gas emission and the tong is taken out for
cooling by washing the outer side with water.

Burned steel tong is then weight again and the char inside the tong is taken
out for observation.

Burned steel tong with char is kept for next lab session.
Result and Discussion

Weight of tin and lead 88.21 g

Weight of biomass before combustion 78.49 g
Weight of biomass after combustion 32.07 g
Percentage of weight loss 40.85%

Biomass before combustion Biomass after combustion

 Biomass sample that was used in this experiment was coconut husk and dry leave.
 The sample was collected around UMK campus Jeli
 The weight of biomass sample was 78.49 g before combustion after combustion the weight
decrease to 32.07 g. The percentage of weight loss was 40.85%
 There 2 conversion method that was used in this experiment which is physical conversion and
thermochemical conversion.
 The physical conversion that involved in this experiment was crushing. The sample was
crushing into small surface area to accelerate thermal process.
 The sample then undergo thermochemical conversion which is combustion. Combustion
method that was used in this experiment was burning method.
 While the biomass sample was burn in tin, the thick smoke was produced at the beginning
then become lesser until the smoke totally gone.
 The biomass sample turn into coals after burning.
 While handling the experiment, there several precautions step need to be follow. During the
experiment, proper personal protective equipment need to wear like glove, mask and goggle.
After the experiment, the remaining hot coals was spray with water and the hot clay stove was
kept at a proper place.
Conclusion

As conclusion, the physical convention can accelerate thermal process and reduce time during
combustion process. Open combustion can create green gas house can affect the environment.