Forouzan: MCQ in Error Detection and Correction

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July 18,
2017

(Last Updated On: December 3, 2019)

This is the MCQ in Error Detection and Correction from book the Data Communications and
Networking 4th Edition by Behrouz A. Forouzan. If you are looking for a reviewer in
datacom, topic in Electronics Systems and Technologies (Communications Engineering) this
will definitely help you before taking the Board Exam.In this particular topic you have
learned that Data can be corrupted during transmission. To address this issue some
applications require that errors be detected and must be corrected. If you skip the summary
visit Error Detection and Correction.

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Begin and Good luck!
Choose the letter of the best answer in each questions.

1. Checksums use _________ arithmetic.

A) one’s complement arithmetic

B) two’s complement arithmetic

C) either (a) or (b)

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option A

Solution:

2. The checksum of 1111 and 1111 is _________.

A) 0000

B) 1111

C) 1110

D) 0111

View Answer:
Answer: Option A

Solution:

3. In modulo-11 arithmetic, we use only the integers in the range ______, inclusive.

A) 1 to 10

B) 0 to 10

C) 1 to 11

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option B

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Solution:

4. In cyclic redundancy checking, the divisor is _______ the CRC.

A) one bit less than

B) one bit more than

C) The same size as

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option B

Solution:

5. The ________ between two words is the number of differences between corresponding
bits.

A) Hamming rule

B) Hamming code

C) Hamming distance

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option C

Solution:

6. The _______ of a polynomial is the highest power in the polynomial.

A) range

B) power

C) degree

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option C

Solution:
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7. In modulo-2 arithmetic, __________ give the same results.

A) addition and subtraction

B) addition and multiplication

C) addition and division

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option A

Solution:

8. In cyclic redundancy checking, what is the CRC?

A) The quotient

B) The dividend

C) The divisor

D) The remainder

View Answer:
Answer: Option D

Solution:

9. Which error detection method consists of just one redundant bit per data unit?

A) CRC

B) Checksum

C) Simple parity check

D) Two-dimensional parity check

View Answer:
Answer: Option C

Solution:

10. In _____ coding, we divide our message into blocks, each of k bits, called ___.

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A) block; blockwords

B) block; datawords

C) linear; datawords

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option B

Solution:

11. A _____ error means that two or more bits in the data unit have changed.

A) burst

B) double-bit

C) single-bit

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option A

Solution:

12. Adding 1 and 1 in modulo-2 arithmetic results in _________.

A) 0

B) 1

C) 2

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option A

Solution:

13. In ________ error correction, the receiver corrects errors without requesting
retransmission.

A) onward
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B) forward

C) backward

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option B

Solution:

14. If the Hamming distance between a dataword and the corresponding codeword is three,
there are _____ bits in error.

A) 5

B) 4

C) 3

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option C

Solution:

15. A simple parity-check code can detect __________ errors.

A) an odd-number of

B) an even-number of

C) two

D) no errors

View Answer:
Answer: Option A

Solution:

16. The Hamming distance between equal codewords is _________.

A) 0

B) 1
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C) n

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option A

Solution:

17. In a linear block code, the _______ of any two valid codewords creates another valid
codeword.

A) ANDing

B) XORing

C) ORing

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option B

Solution:

18. In ________ error correction, the receiver asks the sender to send the data again.

A) forward

B) backward

C) retransmission

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option C

Solution:

19. We can divide coding schemes into two broad categories: ________ and ______coding.

A) linear; nonlinear

B) block; convolution

C) block; linear
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D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option B

Solution:

20. In modulo-2 arithmetic, we use only ______.

A) 1 and 2

B) 0 and 1

C) 0 and 2

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option B

Solution:

21. To guarantee correction of up to 5 errors in all cases, the minimum Hamming distance in
a block code must be ________.

A) 11

B) 6

C) 5

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option A

Solution:

22. The _____of errors is more difficult than the ______.

A) detection; correction

B) correction; detection

C) creation; correction

D) creation; detection
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View Answer:
Answer: Option B

Solution:

23. In block coding, if k = 2 and n = 3, we have _______ invalid codewords.

A) 4

B) 8

C) 2

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option A

Solution:

24. The checksum of 0000 and 0000 is __________.

A) 0000

B) 1111

C) 0111

D) 1110

View Answer:
Answer: Option B

Solution:

25. In one’s complement arithmetic, if positive 7 is 0111, then negative 7 is ________.

A) 1101

B) 1000

C) 1111

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option B
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Solution:

26. In block coding, if n = 5, the maximum Hamming distance between two codewords is
________.

A) 5

B) 3

C) 2

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option A

Solution:

27. Which error detection method uses one’s complement arithmetic?

A) Checksum

B) CRC

C) Simple parity check

D) Two-dimensional parity check

View Answer:
Answer: Option A

Solution:

28. The divisor in a cyclic code is normally called the _________.

A) redundancy

B) degree

C) generator

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option C

Solution:
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29. In modulo-2 arithmetic, we use the ______ operation for both addition and subtraction.

A) OR

B) XOR

C) AND

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option B

Solution:

30. We add r redundant bits to each block to make the length n = k + r. The resulting n-bit
blocks are called _________.

A) codewords

B) datawords

C) blockwords

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option A

Solution:

31. To guarantee the detection of up to 5 errors in all cases, the minimum Hamming
distance in a block code must be _______.

A) 11

B) 5

C) 6

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option C

Solution:

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32. A generator that contains a factor of ____ can detect all odd-numbered errors.

A) x

B) 1

C) x + 1

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option C

Solution:

33. _______codes are special linear block codes with one extra property. If a codeword is
rotated, the result is another codeword.

A) Convolution

B) Cyclic

C) Non-linear

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option B

Solution:

34. The Hamming distance between 100 and 001 is ________.

A) 0

B) 1

C) 2

D) none of the above

View Answer:
Answer: Option C

Solution:

NEXT: MCQ in Data Link Control

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