A2029250

大学英语四级考试历年试题详解
大学英语四、六级考试命题研究组　　编
珠海出版社
书名：大学英语四级考试历年试题详解
作者：大学英语四、六级考试命题研究组
责任编辑：雷良波
出版社：珠海出版社
ＩＳＢＮ：７－８０６８９－１７３－０／Ｈ３１９．６中国版本图书馆ＣＩＰ数据核字（２００３）第１２１１９４号
出版日期：２００４年１月　　　印数：１－５０００册　　开本：１６开
定价：１５０．００元　　（全套）
2004 年 6 月大学英语四级考试试卷
试卷一
Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section , you will hear 10 short conversations .At the end of each conversation , a question will be asked about
what was said . Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once .After each question , there will be a pause .Dur-
ing the pause , you must read the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) , and decide which is the best answer .Then mark the
第 corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre .
一
部 Example : You will hear :
分 You will read :A)At the office . B) In the waiting room .
C) At the airport . D) In a restaurant .
From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening . This is most
likely to have taken place at the office . Therefore, A“
) At the office”is the best answer .You should choose[ A] on the Answer
Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre . Sample Answer [A ] [ B] [ C] [ D ]
1 . A) The man saw Mark on the street two months ago .

B) The woman had forgotten Mark’s phone number .
C) The woman made a phone call to Mark yesterday .
D) Mark and the woman had not been in touch for some time .
2 . A) The man is late for the trip because he is busy .
B) The woman is glad to meet Mr .Brown in person .
C) The man is meeting the woman on behalf of Mr .Brown .
D) The woman feels sorry that Mr .Brown is unable to come .
3 . A) At 10 : 30 B) At 10 : 40
大 C) At 10 : 25 D)At 10 :45
学 4 . A) The man no longer smokes . B) The man is under pressure from his wife .
英 C) The man usually follows his wife’s advice . D) The man refuses to listen to his doctor’s advice .
语
四 5 . A) Move to a big city . B) Become a teacher .
级 C) Go back to school . D) Work in New York .
考 6 . A) Quit delivering flowers . B) Work at a restaurant .
试
C)Bring her flowers every day . D) Leave his job to work for her .
历 7 . A) She can find the right person to help the man . B) She can help the man out .
年 C) She’
s also in need of a textbook . D)She picked up the book from the bus floor .
试
题 8 . A) The man was confused about the date of the appointment .
详 B) The man wants to change the date of the appointment .
解
C) The man is glad he’s got in touch with the doctor .
D) The man can’t come for the appointment at 4 :15 .
1
大学英语四级考试历年试题详解 ( 2004 .6 )
9 . A) The two speakers are at a loss what to do . B) The man is worried about his future .
C) The two speakers are seniors at college . D) The woman regrets spending her time idly .
10 . A) She has learned a lot from the novel . B) She also found the plot difficult to follow .
C)She usually has difficulty remembering names . D)She can recall the names of most characters in the novel .
Section B Compound Dictation
注意 : 听力理解的 B 节 ( Section B)为复合式听写( Compound Dictation) , 题目在试卷二上 , 现在请取出试卷二。
The Library of Congress is America’s national library .It has millions of books and other objects .It has newspapers, ( S1)
publications as well as letters of( S2) interest .It also has maps, photographs, art (S3) ,
movies, sound recordings and musical( S4 ) .All together , it has more than 100 million objects .
The Library of Congress is open to the public Monday through Saturday , except for public holidays .Anyone may go there
and read anything in the collection .But no one is(S5) to take books out of the building .
The Library of Congress was( S6) in 1800 .It started with eleven boxes of books in one room of the Capitol
building .By 1814 , the collection had increased to about 3 , 000 books .They were all ( S7 ) that year when the 第
Capitol was burned down during America’s war with Britain . 一
To help re - build the library, Congress bought the books of President Thomas Jefferson .Mr .Jefferson’s collection includ- 部
分
ed 7 , 000 books in seven languages .
( S8) .Today , three buildings hold the library’s collection .
(S9) .It buys some of its books and gets others as gifts .It also gets materials
through its copyright office .( S10) .This means the Library of Congress receives almost
everything that is published in the United States .
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage .
A is for always getting to work on time .
B is for being extremely busy .
C is for the conscientious( 勤勤恳恳的) way you do your job .
You may be all these things at the office , and more .But when it comes to getting ahead , experts say , the ABCs of business
should include a P, for politics , as in office politics .
Dale Carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago :Hard work alone doesn’t ensure career advancement .You have
to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes .Yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in 大
office politics—a better job , a raise , praise— many people are still unable—or unwilling— to“play the game .” 学
“ People assume that office politics involves some manipulative(工于心计的 )behavior , ”says Deborah Comer , an assistant 英
语
professor of management at Hofstra University“But
. politics derives from the word‘ polite .’It can mean lobbying and forming 四
associations .It can mean being kind and helpful , or even trying to please your superior , and then expecting something in re- 级
考
turn .”
试
In fact , today , experts define office politics as proper behavior used to pursue one’s own self - interest in the workplace .
In many cases , this involves some form of socializing within the office environment—not just in large companies, but in small 历
年
workplaces as well .
试
“The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis , ”says Neil P .Lewis, a 题
management psychologist“But
. if two or three candidates are up for a promotion , each of whom has reasonably similar ability , 详
解
a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best .It’s simple human nature .”
Yet , psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office .Some peo-
2
ple , they say , have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed .Still others associate politics with flattery (奉承 ) ,
fearful that , if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors .
Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self - promotion .
11 .“Office politics”( Line 2 , Para .4) is used in the passage to refer to .
A) the code of behavior for company staff
B) the political views and beliefs of office workers
C) the interpersonal relationships within a company
D) the various qualities required for a successful career
12 . To get promoted , one must not only be competent but .
A) give his boss a good impression B) honest and loyal to his company
C)get along well with his colleagues D) avoid being too outstanding
“ play the game”( Line 4 , Para .5) ?
13 . Why are many people unwilling to
A) They believe that doing so is impractical . B) They feel that such behavior is unprincipled .
第 C) They are not good at manipulating colleagues . D) They think the effort will get them nowhere .
一
部 14 . The author considers office politics to be .
分 A) unwelcome at the workplace
B)bad for interpersonal relationships
C) indispensable to the development of company culture
D) an important factor for personal advancement
15 . It is author’s view that .
A) speaking up for oneself is part of human nature
B) self - promotion does not necessarily mean flattery
C)hard work contributes very little to one’s promotion
D) many employees fail to recognize the need of flattery
Passage Two
As soon as it was revealed that a reporter for Progressive magazine had discovered how to make a hydrogen bomb , a group
firearm( 火器 )fans formed the National Hydrogen Bomb Association , and they are now lobbying against any legislation to stop
Americans from owning one .
“The Constitution , ”said the association’s spokesman “
, gives everyone the right to own arms .It doesn’t spell out what
大
学 kind of arms .But since anyone can now make a hydrogen bomb , the public should be able to buy it to protect themselves .”
英 “Don’t you think it’s dangerous to have one in the house , particularly where there are children around ?”
语
四 “The National Hydrogen Bomb Association hopes to educate people in the safe handling of this type of weapon .We are
级 instructing owners to keep the bomb in a locked cabinet and the fuse(导火索 ) separately in a drawer .”
考 “Some people consider the hydrogen bomb a very fatal weapon which could kill somebody .”
试
The spokesman said“Hydrogen
, bombs don’t kill people—people kill people .The bomb is for self - protection and it al-
历 so had a deterrent effect .If somebody knows you have a nuclear weapon in your house , they’re going to think twice about
年 breaking in .”
试
题 “But those who want to ban the bomb for American citizens claim that if you have one locked in the cabinet ,with the fuse
详 in a drawer , you would never be able to assemble it in time to stop an intruder(侵入者 ) 。”
解
“Another argument against allowing people to own a bomb is that at the moment it is very expensive to build one .So what
your association is backing is a program which would allow the middle and upper classes to acquire a bomb while poor people
3
will be left defenseless with just handguns .”

16 .According to the passage , some people started a national association so as to .
A)block any legislation to ban the private possession of the bomb
B) coordinate the mass production of the destructive weapon
C) instruct people how to keep the bomb safe at home
D)promote the large - scale sale of this newly invented weapon
17 . Some people oppose the ownership of H-bombs by individuals on the grounds that .
A) the size of the bomb makes it difficult to keep in a drawer
B) most people don’t know how to handle the weapon
C)people’s lives will be threatened by the weapon
D) they may fall into the hands of criminals
18 . By saying that the bomb also has a deterrent effect the spokesman means that it .
A) will frighten away any possible intruders B) can show the special status of its owners 第
C)will threaten the safety of the owners as well D) can kill those entering other’s houses by force 一
19 . According to the passage , opponents of the private ownership of H-bombs are very much worried that . 部
分
A) the influence of the association is too powerful for the less privileged to overcome
B)poorly - educated Americans will find it difficult to make use of the weapon
C) the wide use of the weapon will push up living expenses tremendously
D) the cost of the weapon will put citizens on an unequal basis
20 . From the tone of the passage we know that the author is .
A) doubtful about the necessity of keeping H-bombs at home for safety
B)unhappy with those who vote against the ownership of H-bombs
C)not serious about the private ownership of H-bombs
D) concerned about the spread of nuclear weapons
Passage Three
Sign has become a scientific hot button .Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that signed
languages are unique— a speech of the hand .They offer a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands lan-
guage, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy: whether language , complete with grammar , is something that we are
born with , or whether it is a learned behavior .The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one 大
rebel teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington , D .C ., the world’s only liberal arts university for deaf people . 学
When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudent to teach English , the school enrolled him in a course in signing .But Stokoe noticed 英
语
something odd : among themselves, students signed differently from his classroom teacher . 四
Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code , each movement of the hands representing a word in English .At the time , 级
考
American Sign Language (ASL) was thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English( 混杂英语 ) .But Stokoe believed the
试
“hand talk”his students used looked richer .He wondered :Might deaf people actually have a genuine language ? And could that
“substandard”.Stokoe’ 历
language be unlike any other on Earth ? It was 1955 , when even deaf people dismissed their signing as
年
s idea was academic heresy ( 异端邪说 ) 。
试
It is 37 years later .Stokoe—now devoting his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing video mate- 题
rials on ASL and the deaf culture— is having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how her started a revo- 详
解
lution .For decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like English , French and Japanese .
They assumed language must be based on speech , the modulation( 调节 )of sound .But sign language is based on the movement
4
of hands, the modulation of space“What

. I said , ”
Stokoe explains,“ is that language is not mouth stuff—it’s brain stuff .”
21 . The study of sign language is thought to be .
A) a new way to look at the learning of language
B) a challenge to traditional views on the nature of language
C) an approach to simplifying the grammatical structure of a language
D) an attempt to clarify misunderstanding about the origin of language
22 . The present growing interest in sign language was stimulated by .
A) a famous scholar in the study of the human brain B) a leading specialist in the study of liberal arts
C) an English teacher in a university for the deaf D) some senior experts in American Sign Language
23 . According to Stokoe ,sign language is .
A) a substandard language B) a genuine language
C) an artificial language D) an international language
24 . Most educators objected to Stokoe’s idea because they thought .
第 A) sign language was not extensively used even by deaf people
一
部 B) sign language was too artificial to be widely accepted
分 C) a language should be easy to use and understand
D) a language could only exist in the form of speech sounds
25 . Stokoe’s argument is based on his belief that .
A) sign language is as effcient as any other language B) sign language is derived from natural language
C) language is a system of meaningful codes D) language is a product of the brain
Passage Four
It came as something of a surprise when Diana , Princess of Wales, made a trip to Angola in 1997 , to support the Red
Cross’s campaign for a total ban on all anti - personnel landmines .Within hours of arriving Angola, television screens around
the world were filled with images of her comforting victims injured in explosions caused by landmines “I
. knew the statistics, ”
she said “But
. putting a face to those figures brought the reality home to me ; like when I met Sandra , a 13 - year - old girl who
had lost her leg , and people like her .”
The Princess concluded with a simple message “
: We must stop landmines”.And she used every opportunity during her
visit to repeat this message .
But , back in London , her views were not shared by some members of the British government ,which refused to support a
大
学 ban on these weapons .Angry politicians launched an attack on the Princess in the press .They described her as“ very ill in-
英 formed”and a“ loose cannon(乱放炮的人 )。”
语
四 The Princess responded by brushing aside the criticisms:“This is a distraction( 干扰) we do not need .All I’m trying to
级 do is help .”
考 Opposition parties , the media and the public immediately voiced their support for the Princess .To make matters worse for
试
the government , it soon emerged that the Princess’s trip had been approved by the Foreign Office, and that she was in fact very
历 well - informed about both the situation in Angola and the British government’s policy regarding landmines .The result was a
年 severe embarrassement for the government .
试
题 To try and limit the damage , the Foreign Secretary ,Malcolm Rifking, claimed that the Princess’s views on landmines were
详 not very different from government policy , and that it was“working towards”a wordwide ban .The Defence Secretary, Michael
解
“a misinterpretation or misunderstanding .”
Portillo , claimed the matter was
For the Princess, the trip to this war - torn country was an excellent opportunity to use her popularity to show the world
5
how much destruction and suffering landmines can cause .She said that the experience had also given her the chance to get
closer to people and their problems .
26 . Princess Diana paid a visit to Angola in 1997 .
A) to voice her support for a total ban of landmines
B) to clarify the British government’s stand on landmines
C) to investigate the sufferings of landmine victims there
D) to establish her image as a friend of landmine victims
27 . What did Diana mean when she said“ . . .putting a face to those figures brought the reality home to me”( Line 5 ,Para .1) ?
A) She just couldn’t bear to meet the landmine victims face to face .
B) The actual situation in Angola made her feel like going back home .
C)Meeting the landmine victims in person made her believe the statistics .
D) Seeing the pain of the victims made her realize the seriousness of the situation .
28 . Some members of the British government criticized Diana because . 第
A) she was ill informed of the government’s policy 一
B) they were actually opposed to banning landmines 部
分
C) she had not consulted the government before the visit
D) they believed that she had misinterpreted the situation in Angola
29 . How did Diana respond to the criticisms ?
A) She paid no attention to them .
B)She made more appearances on TV .
C)She met the 13 - year - old girl as planned .
D) She rose to argue with her opponents .
30 . What did Princess Diana think of her visit to Angola ?
A) It had caused embarrassment to the British government .
B)It had brought her closer to the ordinary people .
C)It has greatly promoted her popularity .
D) It had affected her relations with the British government .
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)
Directions: there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part . For each sentence there are four choices marked A) , B ) , C) and D) .
Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence . Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single 大
line through the centre . 学
31 . I went along thinking of nothing , only looking at things around me . 英
语
A) in particular B) in harmony C) in doubt D) in brief 四
32 . Critics believe that the control of television by mass advertising has the quality of the programs . 级
考
A) lessened B) declined C) affected D) effected
试
33 . I must congratulate you the excellent design of the new bridge .
A) with B) of C) at D) on 历
年
34 . There is a fully health center on the ground floor of the main office building .
试
A) installed B) equipped C)provided D) projected 题
35 . For more than 20 years,we’ve been supporting educational programs that from kindergartens to colleges . 详
解
A) move B) shift C)range D) spread
36 . The at the military academy is so rigid that students can hardly bear it .
6
A) convention B) confinement C)principle D) discipline

37 . The test results are beyond ; they have been repeated in labs all over the world .
A) negotiation B) conflict C)bargain D) dispute
38 . I was so in today’s history lesson .I didn’t understand a thing .
A) amazed B) neglected C) confused D) amused
39 . It you to at least 50% off the regular price of either frames or lenses when you buy both .
A) presents B) entitles C) credits D) tips
40 . Deserts and high mountains have always been a to the movement of people from place to place .
A) barrier B) fence C)prevention D) jam
41 . In order to make things convenient for the people , the department is planning to set up some shops in the
residential area .
A) flowing B) drifting C)mobile D) unstable
42 . Mr .Smith says:“The media are very good at sensing a mood and then it .”
第 A) overtaking B) enlarging C)widening D) exaggerating
一
部 43 . This is not an economical way to get more water ; , it is very expensive .
分 A) on the other hand B) on the contrary C) in short D) or else
44 . It was the first time that such a had to the taken at a British nuclear power station .
A) presentation B) precaution C)preparation D) prediction
45 . that he wasn’t happy with the arrangements, I tried to book a different hotel .
A) Perceiving B) Penetrating C) Puzzling D) Preserving
46 . The board of the company has decided to its operations to include all aspects of the clothing business .
A) multiply B) lengthen C) expand D) stretch
47 . His business was very successful, but it was at the of his family life .
A) consumption B) credit C) exhaustion D) expense
48 . First published in 1927 , the charts remain an source for researchers .
A) identical B) indispensable C) intelligent D) inevitable
49 . Joe is not good at sports , but when it mathematics , he is the best in the class .
A) comes to B) comes up to C) comes on to D) comes around to
50 . Doctors warned against chewing tobacco as a for smoking .
A) relief B) revival C) substitute D) succession
大
学 51 . When carbon is added to iron in proper the result is steel .
英 A) rates B) thicknesses C)proportions D) densities
语
四 52 . You should try to your ambition and be more realistic .
级 A) reserve B) restrain C)retain D) replace
考 53 . Nancy is only a sort of of her husband’s opinion and has no ideas of her own .
试
A) sample B) reproduction C) shadow D) echo
历 54 . Now that spring is here , you can these fur coats till you need them again next winter .
年 A) put over B) put away C)put off D) put down
试
题 55 . There is a of impatience in the tone of his voice .
详 A) hint B) notion C)dot D) phrase
解
56 . Please dictionaries when you are not sure of word spelling or meaning .
A) seek B) inquire C) search D) consult
7
57 . At yesterday’s party , Elizabeth’s boyfriend amused us by Charlie Chaplin .

A) copying B) following C) imitating D) modeling
58 . She keeps a supply of candles in the house in case of power .
A) failure B) lack C) absence D) drop
59 . The group of technicians are engaged in a study which all aspects of urban planning .
A) inserts B) grips C)performs D) embraces
60 . The lecture which lasted about three hours was so that the audience couldn’t help yawning .
A) tedious B) bored C) clumsy D) tired
Part Ⅳ Cloze (15 minutes)
Historians tend to tell the same joke when they are describing history education in America .It’s the one 61 the
teacher standing in the schoolroom door 62 goodbye to students for the summer and calling 63 them“By
, the way ,we
won World War Ⅱ .”
The problem with the joke, of course , is that it’s 64 funny .The recent surveys on 65 illiteracy(无知 ) are begin- 第
ning to numb(令人震惊 ) : nearly one third of America 17 - year - olds cannot even 66 which countries the United States 一
67 against in that war .One third have no 68 when the Declaration of Independence was 69 .One third thought 部
分
Columbus reached the New World after 1750 .Two thirds cannot correctly 70 the Civil War between 1850 and 1900 . 71
when they get the answers right, some are 72 guessing .
Unlike math or science , ignorance of history cannot be 73 connected to loss of international 74 .But it does af-
fect our future 75 a democratic nation and as individuals .
The 76 news is that there is growing agreement 77 what is wrong with the 78 of history and what needs to be
79 to fix it .The steps are tentative( 尝试性的) 80 yet to be felt in most classrooms .
61 .A) about B) in C)for D) by
62 .A) shaking B) waving C)nodding D) speaking
63 .A) in B) after C)for D) up
64 .A) rarely B) so C) too D) not
65 .A) historical B) educational C) cultural D) political
66 .A) distinguish B) acknowledge C) identify D) convey
67 .A) defeated B) attacked C)fought D) struck
68 .A) sense B) doubt C)reason D) idea
69 .A) printed B) signed C)marked D) edited 大
70 .A) place B) judge C)get D) lock 学
英
71 .A) Even B) Though C) Thus D) So
语
72 .A) hardly B) just C) still D) ever 四
73 .A) exclusively B) practically C) shortly D) directly 级
考
74 .A) competitiveness B) comprehension C) community D) commitment 试
75 .A)of B) for C)with D) as
76 .A)fine B) nice C) surprising D) good 历
年
77 .A) to B) with C)on D) of 试
78 .A) consulting B) coaching C) teaching D) instructing 题
79 .A) done B) dealt C)met D) reached 详
解
80 .A) therefore B) or C) and D) as
8
试卷二
Part Ⅴ Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part , you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled A Brief Introduction to a Tourist Attrac-
tion .You should write at least 120 words according to the following guidelines :
your role: a tour guide
your audience : a group of foreign tourists
your introduction should include :
・some welcoming words
・the schedule for the day
・a description of the place the tourists will be visiting
( e .g .a scenic spot or a historical site, etc .)
第
一 You should make the introduction interesting and the arrangements for the day clear to everybody .
部 A Brief Introduction to a Tourist Attraction
分
大
学
英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
9
试卷一
Section A
what was said . Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once .After each question , there will be a pause .Dur-
ing the pause , you must read the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) , and decide which is the best answer .Then mark the
corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre .
Example : You will hear :

You will read :A)At the office . B) In the waiting room . 第
C) At the airport . D) In a restaurant . 一
部
From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening . This is most
分
likely to have taken place at the office . Therefore, A“
) At the office”is the best answer .You should choose[ A] on the Answer
1 .A ) They are twins . B) They are classmates .

C) They are friends . D) They are colleagues .
2 .A ) The man is planning a trip to Austin . B) The man has not been to Austin before .
C) The man doesn’t like Austin . D) The man has been to Austin before .
3 .A ) The size of the room . B) Long working hours .
C) The hot weather . D) The fan in the room .
4 .A ) The man has changed his destination .
B) The man is returning his ticket .
C) The man is flying to New York tomorrow morning .
D) The man can’t manage to go to New York as planned .
5 .A ) It is difficult to identify . B) It has been misplaced .
C) It is missing . D) It has been borrowed by someone .
6 .A ) Looking for a timetable . B) Buying some furniture . 大
学
C) Reserving a table . D) Window shopping .
英
7 .A )Cold and windy . B) Snow will be replaced by strong winds . 语
C) It will get better . D) Rainy and cold . 四
级
8 .A ) It is no longer available . 考
B) It has been reprinted four times . 试
C) The store doesn’t have it now, but will have it soon .
历
D) The information in the book is out of date . 年
9 .A ) Henry doesn’t like the color . B) Someone else painted the house . 试
C) There was no ladder in the house . D) Henry painted the house himself . 题
详
10 .A)In a cotton field . B)At a railway station . C)On a farm . D) On a train . 解
10
Section B
Directions: In this section , you will hear 3 short passages .At the end of each passage , you will hear some questions . Both the
passages and the questions will be spoken only once . After you hear a question , you must choose the best answer from the four
choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) .Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the cen-
tre .
Passage One
Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard .
11 .A) They invited him to a party . B) They asked him to make a speech .
C) They gave a special dinner for him . D) They invited his wife to attend the dinner .
12 .A) He was embarrassed . B) He felt greatly encouraged .
C) He felt sad . D) He was deeply touched .
13 .A)Sam’s wife did not think that the company was fair to Sam .
B) Sam’s wife was satisfied with the gold watch .
第 C) Sam did not like the gold watch .
一
部 D) The company had some financial problems .
分 Passage Two
14 .A) The number of students they take in is limited .
B) They receive little or no support from public taxes .
C) They are only open to children from rich families .
D) They have to pay more taxes .
15 .A) Private schools admit more students .
B) Private schools charge less than religious schools .
C) Private schools run a variety of programs .
D) Private schools allow students to enjoy more freedom .
16 .A) The churches . B) The program designers .
C) The local authorities . D) The state government .
Passage Three
大 17 .A)She was found stealing in a bookstore . B) She caught someone in the act of stealing .
学 C) She admitted having stolen something . D) She said she was wrongly accused of stealing .
英 18 .A)A book . B)＄3 , 000 . C) A handbag . D) A Christmas card .
语
四 19 .A)She was questioned by the police .
级 B) She was shut in a small room for 20 minutes .
考 C) She was insulted by the shopper around her .
试
D)She was body - searched by the store manager .
历 20 .A) They refused to apologize for having followed her through the town .
年
B) They regretted having wrongly accused her of stealing .
试
题 C) They still suspected that she was a thief .
详 D) They agreed to pay her ＄3 , 000 damages .
解
11

Directions: There are 4 passages in this part .Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements .For each of
them there are four choices marked A) , B ) , C) and D) .You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter
on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre .
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage :
Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown ,Maryland decided to find out whether ,
as many smokers say , smoking helps them to“think and concentrate”. Spilich put young non - smokers, active smokers and
smokers deprived(被剥夺 )of cigarettes through a series of tests .
In the first test , each subject( 试验对象) sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she recognized
a target letter among a grouping of 96 . In this simple test, smokers, deprived smokers and non - smokers performed equally
well .
The next test was more complex , requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the 第
letters transformed into a different one .Non - smokers were faster , but under the stimulation of nicotine ( 尼古丁 ) , active 一
smokers were faster than deprived smokers . 部
分
In the third test of short - term memory , non - smokers made the fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer er-
rors than active smokers .
The fourth test required people to read a passage , then answer questions about it .Non - smokers remembered 19 percent
more of the most important information than active smokers , and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette
just before testing . Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important informa-
tion from insignificant details .
“As our tests became more complex , ”sums up Spilich“non
, - smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider
margins”.He predicts “smokers
, might perform adequately at many jobs—until they got complicated .A smoking airline pilot
could fly adequately if no problems arose , but if something went wrong , smoking might damage his mental capacity .”
21 .The purpose of George Spilich’s experiments is .
A) to test whether smoking has a positive effect on the mental capacity of smokers
B) to show how smoking damages people’s mental capacity
C) to prove that smoking affects people’s regular performance
D) to find out whether smoking helps people’s short - term memory
22 .George Spilich’s experiment was conducted in such a way as to . 大
A) compel the subjects to separate major information from minor details 学
B) put the subjects through increasingly complex tests 英
语
C) check the effectiveness of nicotine on smokers 四
D)register the prompt responses of the subjects 级
考
23 .The word“ bested”( Line 2 , Para .5) most probably means .
试
A)beat B) envied C) caught up with D) made the best of
24 .Which of the following statement is true ? 历
年
A)Active smokers in general performed better than deprived smokers .
试
B) Active smokers responded more quickly than the other subjects . 题
C) Non - smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple tasks . 详
解
D)Deprived smokers gave the slowest responses to the various tasks .
25 .We can infer from the last paragraph that .
12
A) smokers should not expect to become airline pilots

B) smoking in emergency cases causes mental illness
C) no airline pilots smoke during flights
D) smokers may prove unequal to handing emergency cases
Passage Two
There is no denying that students should learn something about how computers work , just as we expect them at least to
understand that the internal - combustion engine( 内燃机 ) has something to do with burning fuel, expanding gases and pistons
(活塞 )being driven .For people should have some basic idea of how the things that they use do what they do . Further , stu-
dents might be helped by a course that considers the computer’s impact on society .But that is not what is meant by computer
literacy .For computer literacy is not a form of literacy ( 读写能力 ) ; it is a trade skill that should not be taught as a liberal art .
Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two distinct activities .A case might be made that
the competent citizens of tomorrow should free themselves from their fear of computers .But this is quite different from saying
第 that all ought to know how to program one . Leave that to people who have chosen programming as a career . While program-
一
部 ming can be lots of fun , and while our society needs some people who are experts at it, the same is true of auto repair and violin
分 - making .
Learning how to use a computer is not that difficult , and it gets easier all the time as programs become more“ user -
friendly”.Let us assume that in the future everyone is going to have to know how to use a computer to be a competent citizen .
What does the phrase“learning to use a computer”mean ? It sounds like“learning to drive a car”; that is, it sounds as if there
is some set of definite skills that , once acquired , enable one to use a computer .
In fact“learning
, “learning to play a game”, but learning the rules of one game may
to use a computer”is much more like
not help you play a second game, whose rules may not be the same .There is no such a thing as teaching someone how to use
a computer .One can only teach people to use this or that program, and generally that is easily accomplished .
26 .To be the competent citizens of tomorrow, people should .
A) try to lay a solid foundation in computer science
B) be aware of how the things that they use do what they do
C) learn to use a computer by acquiring a certain set of skills
D)understand that programming a computer is more essential than repairing a car
27 .In the second paragraph“violin - making”is mentioned to show that .
A)programming a computer is as interesting as making a violin
大
学 B)our society needs experts in different fields
英 C)violin - making requires as much skill as computer programming
语
四 D)people who can use a computer don’t necessarily have to know computer programming
级 28 .Learning to use a computer is getting easier all the time because .
考 A)programs are becoming less complicated
试
B) programs are designed to be convenient to users
历 C) programming is becoming easier and easier
年 D)programs are becoming readily available to computer users
试
题 “ learning to use a computer”( Lines 3 , para .3) means learning
29 .According to the author , the phrase .
详 A) a set of rules B) the fundamentals of computer science
解
C) specific programs D)general principles of programming
30 .The author’s purpose in writing this passage is .
13
A) to stress the impact of the computer on society

B) to explain the concept of computer literacy
C) to illustrate the requirements for being competent citizens of tomorrow
D) to emphasize that computer programming is an interesting and challenging job
Passage Three
The way people hold to the belief that a fun - filled , painfree life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever
attaining real happiness .If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness, then pain must be equal to unhappiness .But , in fact , the
opposite is true: more often than not , things that lead to happiness involve some pain .
As a result , many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness .They fear the pain inevitably
brought by such things as marriage, raising children , professional achievement , religious commitment ( 承担的义务 ) , and self
- improvement .
Ask a bachelor( 单身汉 )why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying .If he is honest 第
he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment .For commitment is in fact quite painful .The single life is filled with 一
fun , adventure , excitement .Marriage has such moments , but they are not its most distinguishing features . 部
分
Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night’s sleep or a three - day vacation .I don’t know any parent
who would choose the word fun to describe raising children .But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys
of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild .
Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations .It
liberates time : now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness .It liberates money : buying
that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless .And it liberates us from
envy :we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all .
31 .According to the author , a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because .
A)he is reluctant to take on family responsibilities
B) he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains single
C) he finds more fun in dating than in marriage
D)he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement
32 .Raising children , in the author’s opinion , is .
A) a moral duty B) a thankless job
C) a rewarding task D) a source of inevitable pain 大
33 .From the last paragraph ,we learn that envy sometimes stems from . 学
A)hatred B) misunderstanding C) prejudice D) ignorance 英
语
34 .To understand what true happiness is one must . 四
A)have as much fun as possible during one’s lifetime 级
考
B) make every effort to liberate oneself from pain
试
C) put up with pain under all circumstances
D)be able to distinguish happiness from fun 历
年
35 .What is the author trying to tell us ?
试
A) Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain . 题
B) One must know how to attain happiness . 详
解
C) It is important to make commitments .
D)It is pain that leads to happiness .
14
Passage Four
It’s very interesting to note where the debate about diversity( 多样化) is taking place .It is taking place primarily in po-
litical circles .Here at the College Fund ,we have a lot of contact with top corporate(公司的 ) leaders; none of them is talking
about getting rid of those instruments that produce diversity .In fact, they say that if their companies are to compete in the glob-
al village and in the global market place , diversity is an imperative .They also say that the need for talented , skilled Americans
means we have to expand the pool of potential employees .And in looking at where birth rates are growing and at where the
population is shifting , corporate America understands that expanding the pool means promoting policies that help provide skills
to more minorities, more women and more immigrants .Corporate leaders know that if that doesn’t occur in our society , they
will not have the engineers , the scientists , the lawyers, or the business managers they will need .
Likewise , I don’t hear people in the academy saying“Let’
. s go backward .Let’s go back to the good old days,when we
had a meritocracy (不拘一格降人才 )”( which was never true—we never had a meritocracy, although we’ve come closer to it
in the last 30 years) .I recently visited a great little college in New York where the campus has doubled its minority population
第 in the last six years .I talked with an African American who has been a professor there for a long time, and she remembers that
一
部 when she first joined the community , there were fewer than a handful of minorities on campus .Now, all of us feel the university
分 is better because of the diversity .So where we hear this debate is primarily in political circles and in the media—not in corpo-
rate board rooms or on college campus - es .
36 .The word“imperative”( Line 4 , Para .1) most probably refers to something .
A) superficial B)remarkable C) debatable D) essential
37 .Which of the following groups of people still differ in their views on diversity ?
A)Minorities . B) Politicians . C) Professors . D)Managers .
38 .High corporate leaders seem to be in favor of promoting diversity so as to .
A) lower the rate of unemployment B)win equal political rights for minorities
C) be competitive in the world market D) satisfy the demands of a growing population
39 .It can be inferred from the passage that .
A) meritocracy can never be realized without diversity
B) American political circles will not accept diversity
C) it is unlikely that diversity will occur in the U .S . media
D) minorities can only enter the fields where no debate is heard about diversity
40 .According to the passage , diversity can be achieved in American society by .
大
学 A) expanding the pool of potential employees
英 B) promoting policies that provide skills to employees
语
四 C) training more engineers, scientists, lawyers and business managers
级 D)providing education for all regardless of race or sex
考 Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)
试
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part . For each sentence there are four choices marked A) , B ) , C) and
历 D) , choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence .Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single
年 line through the centre .
试
题 41 .The last half of the nineteenth century the steady improvement in the means of travel .
详 A)has witnessed B)was witnessed C)witnessed D) is witnessed
解
42 .The shy girl felt and uncomfortable when she could not answer her teacher’s questions .
A) amazed B) awkward C) curious D) amused
15
43 .Ann never dreams of for her to be sent abroad very soon .

A) there being a chance B) there to be a chance
C) there be a chance D)being a chance
44 .It was very kind of you to do the washing - up , but you it .
A) mustn’t have done B)wouldn’t have done
C) mightn’t have done D)didn’t have to do
45 .Frequently single - parent children some of the functions that the absent adult in the house would have served .
A) take off B) take after C) take in D) take on
46 .He gives people the impression all his life broad .
A)of having spent B) to have spent C)of being spent D) to spend
47 .A peculiarly pointed chin is his most memorable facial .
A) mark B)feature C) trace D) appearance
48 .I’d rather you make any comment on the issue for the time being . 第
A)don’t B)wouldn’t C) didn’t D) shouldn’t 一
49 .All things , the planned trip will have to be called off . 部
分
A) considered B)be considered C) considering D) having considered
50 .John Dewey believed that education should be a preparation for life, that a person learns by doing , and that teaching must
the curiosity and creativity of children .
A)seek B) stimulate C) shape D) secure
51 .Criticism and self - criticism is necessary it helps us to find and correct our mistakes .
A)by that B) at that C)on that D) in that
52 .However , at times this balance in nature is , resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects .
A) troubled B)disturbed C) confused D) puzzled
53 .If she doesn’t tell him the truth now, he’ll simply keep on asking her until she .
A)does B)has done C)will do D) would do
54 .The patient’s health failed to such an extent that he was put into care .
A) tense B)rigid C) intensive D) tight
55 .Does everyone on earth have an equal right an equal share of its resources ?
A)by B) at C) to D) over
56 .Americans eat as they actually need every day . 大
A) twice as much protein B) twice protein as much twice 学
C) twice protein as much D)protein as twice much 英
语
57 .In 1914 , an apparently insignificant event in a remote part of Eastern Europe Europe into a great war . 四
A) inserted B) imposed C) pitched D) plunged 级
考
58 .The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things , is often the case in other
试
countries .
A) as B)what C) so D) that 历
年
59 .There are few electronic applications to raise fears regarding future employment opportunities than robots .
试
A) likely B) more likely C) most likely D) much likely 题
60 .We had to a lot of noise when the children were at home . 详
解
A)go in for B)hold on to C) put up with D) keep pace with
61 .What he said just now had little to do with the question discussion .
16
A)on B) in C) under D) at
62 .We need a chairman .
A)for whom everyone has confidence B) in whom everyone has confidence
C)who everyone has confidence of D)whom everyone has confidence on
63 .Over a third of the population was estimated to have no to the health service .
A) assessment B) assignment C) exception D) access
64 .Excuse me . If your call’s not too urgent, do you mind mine first ?
A)I make B) if I make C) me to make D) that I make
65 .Professor Taylor’s talk has indicated that science has a very strong on the everyday life of non - scientists as well
as scientists .
A) motivation B)perspective C) impression D) impact
66 .After a few rounds of talk , both sides regarded the territory dispute .
A)being settled B) to be settled C) had settled D) as settled
第 67 .Floods cause billions of dollars worth of property damage .
一
部 A)relatively B) actually C) annually D) comparatively
分 68 .We are all for your proposal that the discussion .
A)be put off B)was put off C) should put off D) is to put off
69 .These goods are for export , though a few of them may be sold on the home market .
A) essentially B) completely C) necessarily D) remarkably
70 .The course normally attracts 20 students per year , up to half will be from overseas .
A) in which B)for whom C)with which D) of whom
Directions : There are 20 blanks in the following passage .For each blank there are four choices marked A ) , B) , C) and D) on
the right side of the paper .You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage .Then mark the corresponding letter on the
Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre .
The task of being accepted and enrolled( 招收 ) in a university begins early for some students .Long 71 they graduate
from high school .These students take special 72 to prepare for advanced study .They may also take one or more examina-
tions that test how 73 prepared they are for the university .In the final year of high school , they 74 applications and
send them ,with their student records, to the universities which they hope to 75 .Some high school students may be 76
to have an interview with representatives of the university .Neatly 77 and usually very frightened , they are 78 to
大
学 show that they have a good attitude and the 79 to succeed .
英 When the new students are finally 80 , there may be one more step they have to 81 before registering for classes
语
四 and 82 to work .Many colleges and universities 83 an orientation( 情况介绍) program for new students . 84 these
级 programs, the young people get to know the 85 for registration and student advising , university rules, the 86 of the li-
考 brary and all the other 87 services of the college or university .
试
Beginning a new life in a new place can be very 88 .The more knowledge students have 89 the school , the easier
历 it will be for them to 90 to the new environment .However , it takes time to get used to college life .
年 71 .A) as B) after C) since D) before
试
题 72 .A) courses B)disciplines C) majors D) subjects
详 73 .A)deeply B)widely C)well D) much
解
74 .A)fulfil B)finish C) complete D) accomplish
75 .A) attend B)participate C) study D) belong
17
76 .A) acquired B) considered C)ordered D) required

77 .A)decorated B)dressed C) coated D) worn
78 .A)decided B) intended C) settled D) determined
79 .A)power B) ability C) possibility D) quality
80 .A) adopted B) accepted C) received D) permitted
81 .A) make B)undergo C) take D) pass
82 .A)getting B)putting C)falling D) sitting
83 .A)offer B) afford C)grant D) supply
84 .A) For B)Among C) In D) On
85 .A)processes B)procedures C) projects D) provisions
86 .A) application B)usage C) use D) utility
87 .A) major B)prominent C) key D) great
88 .A) amusing B) misleading C) alarming D) confusing 第
89 .A)before B) about C)on D) at 一
90 .A)fit B) suit C)yield D) adapt 部
分
试卷二
Directions: For this part , you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: Do“ Lucky Numbers”Really
Bring Good Luck ? You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline ( given in Chi-
nese) below:
1 .有些人认为某些数字会带来好运
2 .也有些人认为数字和运气无关
3 .试说明你的看法
大
学
英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
18
试卷一
Section A
what was said .Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once .After each question there will be a pause .During
the pause, you must read the four choices marked A) , B ) , C) and D) , and decide which is the best answer .Then mark the cor-
responding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre .

You will read :A)At the office . B) In the waiting room .
第
一 C) At the airport . D) In a restaurant .
部 From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening .This is most
分 likely to have taken place at the office .Therefore, A)“ At the office”is the best answer .You should choose [ A] on the Answer
1 .A ) He watched television with his friend . B) He stayed at home talking with his friend .
C) He went to see a film with his friend . D) He went to see his schoolmate .
2 .A ) When the meeting is to be held . B) Who are going to attend the meeting .
C) Where the meeting is to be held . D) What’s to be discussed at the meeting .
3 .A ) The necessity of writing to Mr .Johnson . B) Who is going to contact Mr .Johnson .
C) The arrangement of the Wednesday meeting . D) Where they are going to meet Mr .Johnson .
4 .A ) Jack brought the tape to the party . B) The tape had been returned to Paul .
C) The tape was missing . D) Jack lent his tape to Paul .
5 .A ) The man wants to reserve a room . B) The man reserved a room some time ago .
C) The man has booked a room with no bath . D) The man wants to buy a flat on the second floor .
6 .A )Both editions are the same price now . B)It has two editions with the same cover .
C) The paperback edition is on sale . D) The hard cover edition is more expensive .
大
7 .A ) His TV sets are all of the same brand . B) He doesn’t have the newest models right now .
学
英 C) He has the best TV sets for sale . D) His TV sets have a good sale .
语 8 .A ) He must hand in a report about the museum . B) He has already visited the museum .
四
级 C) He has to read a history book . D) He is too busy to go with her .
考 9 .A ) They are rewarding . B) They are entertaining .
试
C) They are boring . D) They are time - consuming .
历 10 .A)A sunny day . B)A raincoat .
年 C) An attractive hut . D) A lovely hat .
试
题 Section B
详 Directions: In this section , you will hear 3 short passages .At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions . Both the
解 passages and the questions will be spoken only once .After you hear a question , you must choose the best answer from the four choic-
es marked A) , B ) , C) and D) .Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre .
19
Passage One
11 .A)She sat back and relaxed . B)She decided to retire .
C) She entered university . D) She worked out a new English program .
12 .A)8 years . B)20 years .
C)16 years . D)30 years .
13 .A)Bring a great deal of useful experience to the university .
B) Improve human relationships in the university .
C)Bring a fear of aging among young students on the campus .
D)Improve the reputation of the university .
14 .A)She is learning English and Drama .
B) She is learning how to make sound judgments .
C) She is learning how to teach minority students . 第
D)She is learning to perceive , not to judge . 一
Passage Two 部
分
15 .A) The difference between classical music and rock music .
B) Why classical music is popular with math students .
C) The effects of music on the results of math tests .
D) How to improve your reasoning ability .
16 .A)Because it stimulates your nerve activity .
B)Because it keeps you calm .
C)Because it strengthens your memory .
D)Because it improves your problem solving strategies .
17 .A) Piano music could interfere with your reasoning ability .
B) The effects of music do not last long .
C) The more you listen to music , the higher your test scores will be .
D)Music, whether classical or rock , helps improve your memory .
Passage Three
Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard . 大
18 .A) To drive the car automatically . 学
B) To measure the driver’s pulse . 英
语
C) To prevent car accidents . 四
D) To monitor the driver’s health . 级
考
19 .A)It sends out signals for help .
试
B) It sounds an alarm to warn the driver .
C) It takes over the driving immediately . 历
年
D)It stops the car automatically .
试
20 .A)It monitors the signals transmitted from the driver’s brain . 题
B) It can measure the driver’s alcohol level in the blood . 详
解
C) It can quicken the driver’s response to emergencies .
D)It bases its analysis on the driver’s heartbeat .
20

Passage One
The view over a valley of a tiny village with thatched( 草盖的 )roof cottages around a church ; a drive through a narrow
village street lined with thatched cottages painted pink or white; the sight over the rolling hills of a pretty collection of thatched
farm buildings— these are still common sights in parts of England .Most people will agree that the thatched roof is an essential
part of the attraction of the English countryside .
Thatching is in fact the oldest of all the building crafts practiced in the British Isles(英伦诸岛 ) .Although thatch has al-
ways been used for cottage and farm buildings, it was once used for castles and churches, too .
Thatching is a solitary( 独自的 ) craft, which often runs in families .The craft of thatching as it is practiced today has
第 changed very little since the Middle Ages .Over 800 full - time thatchers are employed in England and Wales today , maintain-
一
部 ing and renewing the old roofs as well as thatching newer houses .Many property owners choose thatch not only for its beauty
分 but because they know it will keep them cool in summer and warm in winter .
In fact , if we look at developing countries, over half of the world live under thatch , but they all do it in different ways .
People in developing countries are often reluctant to go back to traditional materials and would prefer modern buildings .How-
ever , they may lack the money to allow them to import the necessary materials .Their temporary mud huts with thatched roofs of
wild grasses often only last six months .Thatch which has been done the British way lasts from twenty to sixty years , and is an
effective defence against the heat .
21 .Which of the following remains a unique feature of the English countryside ?
A)Narrow streets lined with pink or white houses .
B) Rolling hills with pretty farm buildings .
C)Cottages with thatched roofs .
D)Churches with cottages around them .
22 .What do we know about thatching as a craft ?
A)It is a collective activity .
B) It is practised on farms all over England .
C) It is quite different from what it used to be .
大
学 D)It is in most cases handed down among family members .
英 23 .Thatched houses are still preferred because of .
语
四 A) their style and comfort B) their durability
级 C) their easy maintenance D) their cheap and ready - made materials
考 24 .People in developing countries also live under thatch because .
试
A) thatched cottages are a big tourist attraction
历 B) thatched roof houses are the cheapest
年 C) thatch is an effective defense against the heat
试
题 D) they like thatched houses better than other buildings
详 25 .We can learn from the passage that .
解
A) thatched cottages in England have been passed down from ancient times
B) thatching is a building craft first created by the English people
21
C) the English people have a special liking for thatched houses

D) most thatched cottages in England are located on hillsides
Passage Two
President Coolidge’s statement,“The business of America is business, ”still points to an important truth today— that busi-
ness institutions have more prestige( 威望 ) in American society than any other kind of organization , including the government .
Why do business institutions possess this great prestige ?
One reason is that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the ideal of competition than other institutions
in society .Since competition is seen as the major source of progress and prosperity by most Americans , competitive business in-
stitutions are respected .Competition is not only good in itself , it is the means by which other basic American values such as in-
dividual freedom , equality of opportunity , and hard work are protected .
Competition protects the freedom of the individual by ensuring that there is no monopoly( 垄断 ) of power .In contrast to
one, all - powerful government , many businesses compete against each other for profits .Theoretically , if one business tries to 第
take unfair advantage of its customers , it will lose to competing business which treats its customers more fairly .Where many 一
businesses compete for the customers’dollar , they cannot afford to treat them like inferiors or slaves . 部
分
A contrast is often made between business ,which is competitive, and government ,which is a monopoly .Because business
is competitive , many Americans believe that it is more supportive of freedom than government , even though government leaders
are elected by the people and business leaders are not .Many Americans believe , then , that competition is as important, or even
more important , than democracy in preserving freedom .
Competition in business is also believed to strengthen the ideal of equality of opportunity .Competition is seen as an open
and fair race where success goes to the swiftest person regardless of his or her social class background .Competitive success is
commonly seen as the American alternative to social rank based on family background .Business is therefore viewed as an ex-
pression of the idea of equality of opportunity rather than the aristocratic( 贵族的) idea of inherited privilege .
“The business of America is business”probably means
26 .The statement “ ”.
A) The business institutions in America are concerned with commerce
B)Business problems are of great importance to the American government
C)Business is of primary concern to Americans
D)America is a great power in world business
27 .Americans believe that they can realize their personal values only .
A)when given equality of opportunity B) through doing business 大
C) by protecting their individual freedom D) by way of competition 学
28 .Who can benefit from business competition ? 英
语
A) Honest businessmen . 四
B)Both businessmen and their customers . 级
考
C) People with ideals of equality and freedom .
试
D)Both business institutions and government .
29 .Government is believed to differ strikingly from business in that government is characterized by . 历
年
A) its absolute control of power
试
B) its function in preserving personal freedom 题
C) its role in protecting basic American values 详
解
D) its democratic way of exercising leadership
30 .It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes .
22
A)Americans are more ambitious than people in other countries

B) in many countries success often depends on one’s social status
C) American businesses are more democratic than those in other countries
D)businesses in other countries are not as competitive as those in America
Passage Three
The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects .Consumers may be convinced to
buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement .For example, some advertisers have appealed to peo-
ple’s desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage .Some of the
products work .Others are worthless and a waste of consumers’money .
Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading .A few years ago a brand of bread was offered to dieters( 节食者 ) with
the message that there were fewer calories(热量单位 , 大卡 ) in every slice .It turned out that the bread was not dietetic(适合
于节食的 ) , but just regular bread .There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin , but there were the same number
第 of calories in every loaf .
一
部 On the positive side , emotional appeals may respond to a consumer’s real concerns .Consider fire insurance .Fire insur-
分 ance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss .But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance .The security of knowing that
property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people .If consumers
consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads , they will benefit from the advertising .
Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation .Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying
it ? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers , but it does not force them to buy the product .Consumers still control the fi-
nal buying decision .
31 .Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by .
A) stressing their high quality
B) convincing him of their low price
C) maintaining a balance between quality and price
D) appealing to his buying motives
32 .The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that .
A) thin slices of bread could contain more calories
B) the loaf was cut into regular slices
C) the bread was not genuine bread
大
学 D) the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same
英 33 .The passage tells us that .
语
四 A) sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needs
级 B) advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they don’t need
考 C) the buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisements
试
D)fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment
历 34 .It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should .
年 A) think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisements
试
题 B)guard against the deceiving nature of advertisements
详 C) be familiar with various advertising strategies
解
D) avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal
35 .The passage is mainly about .
23
A)how to make a wise buying decision

B)ways to protect the interests of the consumer
C) the positive and negative aspects of advertising
D) the function of advertisements in promoting sales
Passage Four
So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning , they will continue to undertake to do for children
that which only children can do for themselves .Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them .It is certainly not
“reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop
endless hours spent in activities about reading .Douglas insists that
trying to do the impossible .”
Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes .They differ in kind and function .The function of teaching is to
create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching
themselves to read .Teaching is also a public activity : It can be seen and observed . 第
Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language .Almost all of it is 一
private , for learning is an occupation of the mind , and that process is not open to public scrutiny . 部
分
If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable ,what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the
quest (探索 ) for knowledge ? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions “Make
. learning to read easy , which
means making reading a meaningful , enjoyable and frequent experience for children .”
When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are , and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropri-
ately , then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated .Learning to read is made easier when teachers cre-
ate an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading .
36 .The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that .
A) it is one of the most difficult school courses
B) students spend endless hours in reading
C) reading tasks are assigned with little guidance
D) too much time is spent in teaching about reading
37 .The teaching of reading will be successful if .
A) teachers can improve conditions at school for the students
B) teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading
C) teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading 大
D) teachers can make their teaching activities observable 学
38 .The word“ scrutiny”( Line 2 , Paga .3) most probably means
“ ”. 英
语
A) inquiry B)observation 四
C) control D) suspicion 级
考
39 .According to the passage , learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when .
试
A) children become highly motivated
B) teacher and learner roles are interchangeable 历
年
C) teaching helps children in search for knowledge
试
D)reading enriches children’s experience 题
40 .The main idea of the passage is that . 详
解
A) teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read
B) teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible
24
C) reading ability is something acquired rather than taught

D)reading is more complicated than generally believed
Directions: there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part . For each sentence there are four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) .
Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence . Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single
line through the centre .
41 .A person’s calorie requirements vary his life .
A) across B) throughout C)over D)within
42 .A survey was carried out on the death rate of new - born babies in that region , were surprising .
A) as results B)which results C) the results of it D) the results of which
43 .Generous public funding of basic science would considerable benefits for the country’s health ,wealth and security .
A) lead to B) result from C) lie in D) settle down
44 .In a time of social reform, people’s state of mind tends to keep with the rapid changes of society .
第 A) step B) progress C) pace D) touch
一
部 45 . in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for .
分 A) The girl was educated B) The girl educated
C) The girl’s being educated D) The girl to be educated
46 . the calculation is right, scientists can never be sure that they have included all variables and modeled them accu-
rately .
A) Even if B) As far as C) If only D) So long as
47 .My train arrives in New York at eight o’clock tonight .The plane I would like to take from there by then .
A)would leave B)will have left C) has left D) had left
48 .The speech which he made the project has bothered me greatly .
A)being concerned B) concerned C) be concerned D) concerning
49 .Harry was by a bee when he was collecting the honey .
A) stung B) stuck C) bitten D) scratched
50 .The thief tried to open the locked door but .
A) in no way B) in vain C)without effect D) at a loss
51 .All flights because of the snowstorm , many passengers could do nothing but take the train .
A)had been canceled B) have been canceled
大
学 C)were canceled D)having been canceled
英 52 . seeing the damage he had done , the child felt ashamed .
语
四 A)By B) On C) At D) For
级 53 .Remember that customers don’t about prices in that city .
考 A)debate B) consult C) dispute D) bargain
试
54 .Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night , no matter what we during the day .
历 A) should have done B)would have done C) may have done D) must have done
年 55 .I hope that you’ll be more careful in typing the letter .Don’t anything .
试
题 A) lack B)withdraw C)omit D) leak
详 56 .This crop does not do well in soils the one for which it has been specially developed .
解
A)outside B)other than C) beyond D) rather than
57 “You
. are very selfish .It’s high time you that you are not the most important person in the world , ”Edgar said to
25
his boss angrily .

A)realized B) have realized C) realize D) should realize
58 .These two areas are similar they both have a high rainfall during this season .
A) to that B) besides that C) in that D) except that
59 .The tomato juice left brown on the front of my jacket .
A) spots B) point C) track D) trace
60 .If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell , you now .
A)wouldn’t be smiling B) couldn’t have smiled
C)won’t smile D)didn’t smile
61 .The committee is totally opposed any changes being made in the plans .
A)of B)on C) to D) against
62 .We’ll visit Europe next year we have enough money .
A) lest B) until C) unless D) provided 第
63 .My father seemed to be in no to look at my school report . 一
部
A) mood B) emotion C) attitude D)feeling 分
64 .When he realized the police had spotted him , the man the exit as quickly as possible .
A) made off B) made for C) made out D) made up
65 .I was advised to arrange for insurance I needed medical treatment .
A)nevertheless B) although C) in case D) so that
66 .Frankly speaking, I’d rather you anything about it for the time being .
A)didn’t do B) haven’t done C) don’t do D) have done
67 .I’m sorry I can’t see you immediately ; but if you’d like to take a seat, I’ll be with you .
A)for a moment B) in a moment C)for the moment D) at the moment
68 .The trumpet player was certainly loud .But I wasn’t bothered by his loudness by his lack of talent .
A) than B) more than C) as D) so much as
69 .Our new house is very for me as I can get to the office in five minutes .
A) adaptable B) comfortable C) convenient D) available
70 .Our journey was slow because the train stopped at different villages .
A)unceasingly B)gradually C) continuously D) continually
大
学
试卷二英
语
四
Part Ⅳ Short Answer Questions (15 minutes) 级
Directions: In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements .Read the passage carefully .Then an- 考
试
swer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words( not exceeding 10 words) .
Would - be language teachers everywhere have one thing in common : they all want some recognition of their professional 历
年
status and skills , and a job .The former requirement is obviously important on a personal level , but it is vital if you are to have
试
any chance of finding work . 题
Ten years ago , the situation was very different .In virtually every developing country, and in many developed countries as 详
解
well , being a native English speaker was enough to get you employed as an English teacher .
Now employers will only look at teachers who have the knowledge , the skills and attitudes to teach English effectively .The
26
result of this has been to raise non - native English teachers to the same status as their native counterparts(相对应的人 )—
something they have always deserved but seldom enjoyed .Non - natives are now happy— linguistic discrimination( 语言上的
歧视) is a thing of the past .
An ongoing research project , funded by the University of Cambridge , asked a sample of teachers, teacher educators and
employers in more than 40 countries whether they regard the native/ non - native speakers distinction as being at all important .
“NO”
was the answer .As long as candidates could teach and had the required level of English , it didn’t matter who they were
and where they came from .Thus , a new form of discrimination— this time justified because it singled out the unqualified—lib-
erated the linguistically oppressed( 受压迫的 ) .But the Cambridge project did more than just that : it confirmed that the needs
of native and non - native teachers are extremely similar .
Questions: ( 注意 : 答题尽量简短 , 超过 10 个词要扣分。每条横线限写一个英语单词 , 标点符号不占格。)
S1 .The selection of English teachers used to be mainly based on .
第 S2 .What did non - native English teachers deserve but seldom enjoy ?
一
部
分
S3 .What kind of people can now find a job as an English teacher ?
“new form of discrimination”( Line 4 ,Para .4) ?

S4 .What is the result of the
S5 .The phrase“the linguistically oppressed”( Line 5 ,Para .4) refers to those who were .

“No”.You
Directions : For this part , you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: Don’t Hesitate to Say
should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline ( given in Chinese) below :
1 .别人请求帮助时 , 在什么情况下我们会说“不”
大 2 .为什么有些人在该说“不”的时候不说“不”
学 3 .该说“不”时不说“不”的坏处
英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
27
试卷一
Section A

部
From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening .This is most 分
likely to have taken place at the office .Therefore, A)“ At the office”is the best answer .You should choose [ A] on the Answer
1 .A ) The women feels sorry for the man . B) The man is a member of the staff .
C) The area is for passengers only . D) The woman is asking the man to leave .
2 .A )Clean her house while she is away . B) Buy her some plants and take care of them .
C) Water her plants while she is away . D) Water her plants when he is not at work .
3 .A ) He will only be available in the afternoon . B) It’s not his office hour .
C) He doesn’t have time . D) He is too tired after class .
4 .A ) The woman insists on going out .
B) The woman doesn’t like watching TV .
C) The man promised her a gift on her birthday .
D) The man is too tired to go out .
5 .A ) There are too many courses offered to students .
B) The woman should take fewer courses next term .
大
C) The man will take four courses next semester . 学
D) It is wiser to take more than four courses . 英
语
6 .A )Ask Tom to send an invitation . B) Get the Johnsons’address .
四
C) Invite Tom to the party . D) Tell Tom to pick up the Johnsons . 级
7 .A ) Jane is looking for a summer job . B) Jane is packing for the summer vacation . 考
试
C) Jane is on her way home . D) Jane is eager to go home for the vacation .
8 .A )Spending more time on sightseeing . B) Visiting the city with a group . 历
C) Touring the city on a fine day . D) Taking the man with her on the tour . 年
试
9 .A ) The woman is driving too fast . 题
B) The woman is driving at a slow speed . 详
解
C) The woman has broken a traffic rule .
D) The woman has parked her car in a wrong place .
28
10 .A)She can tell Joan when she sees her at noon .

B) She should tell Joan’s brother about the reception .
C) She must call on Joan after the reception .
D)She may see Joan’s brother at lunch .
Section B
Directions: In this section , you will hear 3 short passages .At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions . Both the
passage and the questions will be spoken only once .After you hear a question , you must choose the best answer from the four
choices marked A) , B ) , C) and D) .Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the cen-
tre .
Passage One
11 .A) To protect persons and property . B) To collect taxes .
C) To teach and train citizens . D) To save natural resources for future use .
第 12 .A)By selling services that make life comfortable .
一
部 B)By selling land containing oil .
分 C)By selling public lands .
D)By selling coal and other natural products .
13 .A) Environmental pollution and protection . B) Taxes and services for the public .
C) Police efforts to protect people . D) People’s attitude toward taxes .
Passage Two
14 .A) He didn’t like physics any more . B) His eyesight was too poor .
C) Physics was too hard for him . D) He had to work to support himself .
15 .A) He was not happy with the new director . B) He was not qualified to be an engineer .
C) He wanted to travel . D) He found his job boring .
16 .A) He wanted to work with his friend . B) He enjoyed travelling around the world .
C) He wanted to go to Spain . D) He was rejected by the engineering firm .
17 .A) He enjoyed teaching English .
B) He wanted to earn more to support his family .
C) The owner of the school promised him a good position .
大
学 D) He could earn more as a teacher than as a travel agent .
英 Passage Three
语
四 Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard .
级 18 .A)It can be cooked in many ways .
考 B) It is delicious but inexpensive .
试
C) It gives higher yields than other grain crops .
历 D)It grows easily in various conditions .
年 19 .A) Fried potatoes . B) Tomato juice .
试
题 C) Sweet corn . D)Chocolate beans .
详 20 .A) They led to the discovery of America .
解
B) They made native American foods popular .
C) They brought great wealth to Spain .
29
D) They made native American life styles well - known .

Passage One
The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist with a gun , but the man with the portable computer in
business class .In the last 15 years , pilots have reported well over 100 incidents that could have been caused by electromagnetic
interference .The source of this interference remains unconfirmed , but increasingly , experts are pointing the blame at portable
electronic devices such as portable computers , radio and cassette players and mobile telephones .
RTCA, an organization which advises the aviation( 航空 ) industry , has recommended that all airlines ban ( 禁止 ) such
devices from being used during“critical”stages of flight, particularly take - off and landing .Some experts have gone further , 第
calling for a total ban during all flights .Currently , rules on using these devices are left up to individual airlines .And although 一
some airlines prohibit passengers from using such equipment during take - off and landing ,most are reluctant to enforce a total 部
分
ban , given that many passengers want to work during flights .
The difficulty is predicting how electromagnetic fields might affect an aircraft’s computers .Experts know that portable de-
vices emit radiation which affects those wavelengths which aircraft use for navigation and communication .But , because they
have not been able to reproduce these effects in a laboratory , they have no way of knowing whether the interference might be
dangerous or not .
The fact that aircraft may be vulnerable( 易受损的 ) to interference raises the risk that terrorists may use radio systems in
order to damage navigation equipment .As worrying , though , is the passenger who can’t hear the instructions to turn off his ra-
dio because the music’s too loud .
21 .The passage is mainly about .
A) a new regulation for all airlines
B) the defects of electronic devices
C) a possible cause of aircraft crashes
D) effective safety measures for air flight
22 .What is said about the over 100 aircraft incidents in the past 15 years ?
A) They may have been caused by the damage to the radio systems . 大
B) They may have taken place during take - off and landing . 学
C) They were proved to have been caused by the passengers’portable computers . 英
语
D) They were suspected to have resulted from electromagnetic interference . 四
23 .Few airlines want to impose a total ban on their passengers using electronic devices because . 级
考
A) they don’t believe there is such a danger as radio interference
试
B) the harmful effect of electromagnetic interference is yet to be proved
C) most passengers refuse to take a plane which bans the use of radio and cassette players 历
年
D) they have other effective safety measures to fall back on
试
24 .Why is it difficult to predict the possible effects of electromagnetic fields on an airplane’s computers ? 题
A)Because it is extremely dangerous to conduct such research on an airplane . 详
解
B)Because it remains a mystery what wavelengths are liable to be interfered with .
C)Because respearch scientists have not been to produce the same effects in labs .
30
D)Because experts lack adequate equipment to do such research .

25 .It can be inferred from the passage that the author .
A) is in favor of prohibiting passengers’use of electronic devices completely
B) has overestimated the danger of electromagnetic interference
C) hasn’t formed his own opinion on this problem
D)regards it as unreasonable to exercise a total ban during flight
Passage Two
The rise of multinational corporations ( 跨国公司 ) , global marketing , new communications technologies, and shrinking
cultural differences have led to an unparalleled increase in global public relations or PR .
Surprisingly ,since modern PR was largely an American invention , the U .S .leadership in public relations is being threat-
ened by PR efforts in other countries .Ten years ago , for example , the world’s top five public relations agencies were American
- owned .In 1991 , only one was .The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative .A recent survey found
第 that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate ( 公司的 ) planning activities , compared to
一
部 about one - third of U .S .companies .It may not be long before London replaces New York as the capital of PR .
分 Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race ? First , Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take
more of an interest in local affairs .Knowledge of world geography , for example , has never been strong in this country .Second-
ly , Americans lag behind their European and Asian counterparts( 相对应的人 ) in knowing a second language .Less than 5 per-
cent of Burson - Marshall’s U .S .employees know two languages .Ogilvy and Mather have about the same percentage .Con-
versely , some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second language .Finally , people involved in PR
abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs .In the financial PR area , for instance ,most Americans read the Wall
Street Journal .Overseas, their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist ,
publications not often read in this country .
Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN(Cable News Nework) .Turner recently announced
that the word“foreign”would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts .According to Turner , global communications have
made the nations of the world so interdependent that there is no longer any such thing as foreign .
26 .According to the passage , U .S .leadership in public relations is being threatened because of .
A) an unparalleled increase in the number of public relations companies
B) shrinking cultural differences and new communications technologies
C) the decreasing number of multinational corporations in the U .S .
大
学 D) increased efforts of other countries in public relations
英 27 .London could soon replace New York as the center of PR because .
语
四 A)British companies are more ambitious than U .S .companies
级 B)British companies place more importance on PR than U .S .companies
考 C)British companies are heavily involved in planning activities
试
D)four of the world’s top public relations agencies are British - owned
历 28 .The word“ provincial”( Line 1 , Para .3) most probably means
“ ”.
年 A) limited in outlook
试
题 B) like people from the provinces
详 C) rigid in thinking
解
D) interested in world financial affairs
29 .We learn from the third paragraph that employees in the American PR industry .
31
A) speak at least one foreign language fluently

B) are ignorant about world geography
C) are not as sophisticated as their European counterparts
D) enjoy reading a great variety of English business publications
30 .What lesson might the PR industry take from Ted Turner of CNN ?
A)American PR companies should be more internationally - minded .
B) The American PR industry should develop global communications technologies .
C) People working in PR should be more fluent in foreign languages .
D) People involved in PR should avoid using the word“foreign”.
Passage Three
Brazil has become one of the developing world’s great successes at reducing population growth—but more by accident
than design .While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil has had better result without re- 第
ally trying ,says George Martine at Harvard . 一
Brazil’s population growth rate has dropped from 2 .99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1 .93 % a year between 1981 部
分
and 1990 , and Brazilian women now have only 2 .7 children on average .Martine says this figure may have fallen still further
since 1990 , an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries .
Martine puts it down to , among other things, soap operas( 通俗电视连续剧 ) and instalment ( 分期付款 ) plans intro-
duced in the 1970s .Both played an important , although indirect , role in lowering the birth rate .Brazil is one of the world’s
biggest producers of soap operas .Globo , Brazil’s most popular television network , shows three hours of soaps six nights a
week ,while three others show at least one hour a night .Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big
cities .
“Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction , they describe middle
and upper class values—not many children , different attitudes towards sex ,women working , ”says Martine“They
. sent this im-
age to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behaviour and other values,which were put into a very
attractive package .”
Meanwhile , the instalment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers “This
. led to an enormous change in
consumption patterns and consumption was incompatible( 不相容的) with unlimited reproduction .”says Martine .
31 .According to the passage , Brazil has cut back its population growth .
A)by educating its citizens 大
B) by careful family planning 学
C) by developing TV programmes 英
语
D)by chance 四
32 .According to the passage , many Third World countries . 级
考
A)haven’t attached much importance to birth control
试
B)would soon join Brazil in controlling their birth rate
C) haven’t yet found an effective measure to control their population 历
年
D)neglected the role of TV plays in family planning
试
33 .The phrase“puts it down to”( line 1 , Para .3) is closest in meaning to
“ ”. 题
A) attributes it to 详
解
B)finds it a reason for
C) sums it up as
32
D) compares it to
34 .Soap operas have helped in lowering Brazil’s birth rate because .
A) they keep people sitting long hours watching TV
B) they have gradually changed people’s way of life
C) people are drawn to their attractive package
D) they popularize birth control measures
35 .What is Martine’s conclusion about Brazil’s population growth ?
A) The increase in birth rate will promote consumption .
B) The desire for consumption helps to reduce birth rate .
C)Consumption patterns and reproduction patterns are contradictory .
D)A country’s production is limited by its population growth .
Passage Four
第 There seems never to have been a civilization without toys , but when and how they developed is unknown .They probably
一
部 came about just to give children something to do .
分 In the ancient world , as is today , most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls with other .In societies where
social roles are rigidly determined , boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their
mothers .This is true because boys and girls are being prepared , even in play , to step into the roles and responsibilities of the
adult world .
What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have
remained the same .The changes have been mostly in terms of craftsmanship , mechanics, and technology .It is the universality
of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the world and their persistence to the present that is amazing .In Egypt ,
the Americas , China ,Japan and among the Arctic( 北极的) peoples, generally the same kinds of toys appeared .Variations de-
pended on local customs and ways of life because toys imitate their surroundings .Nearly every civilization had dolls , little
weapons, toy soldiers , tiny animals and vehicles .
Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subjected to technological leaps that
characterize inventions for adult use .The progress from the wheel to the oxcart to the automobile is a direct line of ascent (进
步 ) .The progress from a rattle(拨浪鼓 ) used by a baby in 3000 BC to one used by an infant today , however , is not character-
ized by inventiveness .Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of available ma-
terials .
大
学 36 .The reason why the toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play with is that .
英 A) their social roles are rigidly determined
语
四 B) most boys would like to follow their fathers’professions
级 C) boys like to play with their fathers while girls with their mothers
考 D) they like challenging activities
试
37 .One aspect of“the universality of toys”lies in the fact that .
历 A) technological advances have greatly improved the durability of toys
年 B) the improvement of craftsmanship in making toys depends on the efforts of universities
试
题 C) the exploration of the universe has led to the creation of new kinds of toys
详 D) the basic characteristics of toys are the same the world over
解
38 .Which of the following is the author’s view on the historical development of toys ?
A) The craftsmanship in toy - making has remained essentially unchanged .
33
B) Toys have remained basically the same all through the centuries .
C) The toy industry has witnessed great leaps in technology in recent years .
D) Toys are playing an increasingly important role in shaping a child’s character .
39 .Regarded as a kind of art form, toys .
A)follow a direct line of ascent
B) also appeal greatly to adults
C) are not characterized by technological progress
D)reflect the pace of social progress
40 .The author used the example of a rattle to show that .
A) in toy - making there is a continuity in the use of materials
B) even the simplest toys can reflect the progress of technology
C) it often takes a long time to introduce new technology into toy - making
D) even a simple toy can mirror the artistic tastes of the time 第
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes) 一
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part . For each sentence there are four choices marked A) , B ) , C) and 部
分
D) . Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence .Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a sin-
gle line throught the centre .
41 .He came back late , which time all the guests had already left .
A) after B) by C) at D) during
42 .I’m very sorry to have you with so many questions on such an occasion .
A) interfered B)offended C) impressed D) bothered
43 .If the whole operation beforehand , a great deal of time and money would have been lost .
A)was not planned B)has not been planned
C) had not been planned D) were not planned
44 .The price of beer from 50 cents to ＄4 per liter during the summer season .
A) altered B) ranged C) separated D) differed
45 .His remarks left me about his real purpose .
A)wondered B)wonder C) to wonder D) wondering
46 .I have heard both teachers and students well of him .
A) to speak B) spoken C) to have spoken D) speak 大
47 .Our son doesn’t know what to at the university ; he can’t make up his mind about his future . 学
A) take in B) take up C) take over D) take after 英
语
48 .The house was very quiet , as it was on the side of a mountain . 四
A) isolated B) isolating 级
考
C) being isolated D)having been isolated
试
49 .Although they plant trees in this area every year , the tops of some hills are still .
A)blank B) hollow C)vacant D) bare 历
年
50 .Being a pop star can be quite a hard life ,with a lot of travelling heavy schedules .
试
A)with regard to B) as to C) in relation to D) owing to 题
51 .Tony is very disappointed the results of the exam . 详
解
A)with B)for C) toward D) on
52 .William Penn , the founder of Pennsylvania, defended the right of every citizen to freedom of choice in religion .
34
A)peculiarly B) indifferently C)vigorously D) inevitably

53 .I hope all the precautions against air pollution , suggested by the local government, will be seriously considered
here .
A) while B) since C) after D) as
54 .When people become unemployed , it is which is often worse than lack of wages .
A) laziness B) poverty C) idleness D) inability
55 .I’ve never been to Beijing , but it’s the place .
A)where I’d like to visit B)I most want to visit
C) in which I’d like to visit D) that I want to visit it most
56 . his sister , Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others .
A)Dislike B) Unlike C)Alike D) Liking
57 .This crop has similar qualities to the previous one , both wind - resistant and adapted to the same type of soil .
A)being B) been C) to be D) having been
第
一 58 . you are leaving tomorrow,we can eat dinner together tonight .
部 A) For B) Since C)Before D) While
分
59 .Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful in the market .
A)batteries B) bargains C)baskets D) barrels
60 .We have been told that under no circumstances the telephone in the office for personal affairs .
A) may we use B)we may use C)we could use D) did we use
61 .In previous time ,when fresh meat was in short , pigeons were kept by many households as a source of food .
A) store B) provision C)reserve D) supply
62 .As Commander - in - Chief of the armed forces , I have directed that all measures for our defense .
A)had been taken B)would be taken C)be taken D) to be taken
63 .A thief who broke into a church was caught because traces of wax, found on his clothes, from the sort of candle-
sused only in churches .
A)had come B) coming C) come D) that came
64 .After the guests left , she spent half an hour the sitting - room .
A)ordering B) arranging C) tidying up D) clearing away
65 .I was the point of telephoning him when his letter arrived .
大
A) to B)on C) at D) in
学
英 66 .In no country Britain , it has been said , can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day .
语 A)other than B) more than C)better than D) rather than
四
级 67 .A lorry Jane’s cat and sped away .
考 A)ran over B) ran into C)ran through D) ran down
试
68 .The project by the end of 2000 ,will expand the city’s telephone network to cover 1 ,000 , 000 users .
历 A) accomplished B) being accomplished
年 C) to be accomplished D)having been accomplished
试
题 69 . evidence that language - acquiring ability must be stimulated .
详 A)It being B) It is C) There is D) There being
解 70 .Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were deeply .
A) appreciated B) approved C) appealed D) applied
35
试卷二
Part Ⅳ Short Answer Questions (15 minutes)
Directions: In this part, there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements . Read the passage carefully . Then
answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words .
For many women choosing whether to work or not to work outside their home is a luxury : they must work to survive .Oth-
ers face a hard decision .
Perhaps the easiest choice has to do with economics .One husband said “
, Marge and I decided after careful consideration
that for her to go back to work at this moment was an extravagance( 奢侈) we couldn’t afford .”
With two preschool children ,
it soon became clear in their figuring that with babysitters( 临时照看小孩的人 ) , transportation , and increased taxes, rather
than having more money , they might actually end up with less .
Economic factors are usually the first to be considered , but they are not the most important .The most important aspects of 第
the decision have to do with the emotional needs of each member of the family .It is in this area that husbands and wives find 一
themselves having to face many confusing and conflicting feelings . 部
分
There are many women who find that homemaking is boring or who feel imprisoned( 被囚禁 ) if they have to stay home
with a young child or several children .On the other hand , there are women who think that homemaking gives them the deepest
satisfaction .
From my own experience , I would like to suggest that sometimes the decision to go back to work is made in too much
haste .There are few decisions that I now regret more .I wasn’t mature enough to see how much I could have gained at home .
I regret my impatience to get on with my career .I wish I had allowed myself the luxury of watching the world through my little
girl’s eyes .
Questions: ( 注意 : 答题尽量简短 , 超过 10 个词要扣分。每条横线限写一个英语单词 , 标点符号不占格。)
S1 .Which word in the first two paragraphs best explains why many women have to work ?
S2 .Why did Marge and her husband think it an extravagance for Marge to go back to work ?
S3 .What are the two major considerations in deciding whether women should go out to work ?
大
S4 .Some women would rather do housework and take care of their children than pursue a career because they feel . 学
英
语
四
S5 .If given a second chance , the writer could probably choose to . 级
考
试
历
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic :Reading Selectively or Extensive-
年
ly ? You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline( given in Chinese) below : 试
1 .有人认为读书要有选择题
2 .有人认为应当博览群书详
3 .我的看法解
36
试卷一
Section A

You will read :A)At the office . B)In the waiting room .
第
分 likely to have taken place at the office .Therefore, A)“ At the office”is the best answer .You should chose [A] on the Answer
1 .A ) The woman is a close friend of the man . B) The woman has been working too hard .
C) The woman is seeing a doctor . D) The woman is tired of her work .
2 .A ) This apple pie tastes very good . B) His mother likes the pie very much .
C) This pie can’t match his mother’s . D)His mother can’t make apple pies .
3 .A ) Take a walk . B) Give a performance .
C) Listen to the music . D)Dance to the music .
4 .A )Read an article on political science . B) Present a different theory to the class .
C) Read more than one article . D)Choose a better article to read .
5 .A ) The woman would understand if she did Mary’s job . B) The woman should do the typing for Mary .
C) The woman should work as hard as Mary . D) The woman isn’t a skillful typist .
6 .A ) He wants to make an appointment with Mr .Smith . B) He wants to make sure that Mr .Smith will see him .
C) He wants to change the time of the appointment . D)He wants the woman to meet him at three o’clock .
大
7 .A ) He gets nervous very easily . B) He is an inexperienced speaker .
学
英 C) He is an awful speaker . D)He hasn’t prepared his speech well .
语 8 .A )She didn’t like the books the man bought . B) There wasn’t a large selection at the bookstore .
四
级 C) The man bought a lot of books . D)She wanted to see what the man bought .
考 9 .A )Buy a ticket for the ten o’clock flight . B) Ask the man to change the ticket for her .
试
C) Go to the airport immediately . D)Switch to a different flight .
历 10 .A)Dr .Lemon is waiting for a patient . B) Dr .Lemon is busy at the moment .
年 C) Dr .Lemon has lost his patience . D)Dr .Lemon has gone out to visit a patient .
试
题 Section B
详 Directions : In this section , you will hear 3 short passage .At the end of each passage , you will hear some questions .Both the pas-
解 sage and the questions will be spoken only once .After you hear a question , you must choose the best answer from the four choices
marked A) , B ) , C) and D) .Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre .
37
Passage One
11 .A)A car outside the supermarket . B) A car at the bottom of the hill .
C) Paul’s car . D) The sports car .
12 .A)Inside the car . B) At the foot of the hill .
C) In the garage . D)In the supermarket .
13 .A) The driver of the sports car . B) The two girls inside the car .
C) The man standing nearby . D) The salesman from London .
14 .A)Nobody . B) The two girls .
C) The bus driver . D) Paul .
Passage Two
15 .A) His friend gave him the wrong key . B) He didn’t know where the back door was . 第
C) He couldn’t find the key to his mailbox . D)It was too dark to put the key in the lock . 一
16 .A)It was getting dark . B) He was afraid of being blamed by his friend . 部
分
C) The birds might have flown away . D)His friend would arrive at any time .
17 .A) He looked silly with only one leg inside the window .
B) He knew the policeman wouldn’t believe him .
C) The torch light made him look very foolish .
D) He realised that he had made a mistake .
Passage Three
18 .A) The threat of poisonous desert animals and plants .
B) The exhaustion of energy resources .
C) The destruction of oil wells .
D) The spread of the black powder from the fires .
19 .A) The underground oil resources have not been affected .
B)Most of the desert animals and plants have managed to survive .
C) The oil lakes soon dried up and stopped evaporating .
D) The underground water resources have not been polluted . 大
20 .A) To restore the normal production of the oil wells . 学
B) To estimate the losses caused by the fires . 英
语
C) To remove the oil left in the desert . 四
D) To use the oil left in the oil lakes . 级
考
试
them there are four choices marked A) , B ) , C) and D) .You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter 历
年
试
Passage One 题
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage : 详
解
Unless we spend money to spot and prevent asteroids ( 小行星 ) now, one might crash into Earth and destroy life as we
know it , say some scientists .
38
Asteroids are bigger versions of the meteoroids( 流星) that race across the night sky .Most orbit the sun far from Earth and
don’t threaten us .But there are also thousands of asteroids whose orbits put them on a collision course with Earth .
Buy ＄50 million worth of new telescopes right now .Then send ＄10 million a year for the next 25 years to locate most
of the space rocks .By the time we spot a fatal one , the scientists say ,we’ll have a way to change its course .
Some scientists favor pushing asteroids off course with nuclear weapons .But the cost wouldn’t be cheap .
Is it worth it ? Two things experts consider when judging any risk are : 1) How likely the event is ; and 2) How bad the
consequences if the event occurs .Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might strike earth once every 500 ,
000 years .Sounds pretty rare———but if one did fall , it would be the end of the world “If
. we don’t take care of these big as-
teroids , they’ll take care of us, ”says one scientist“It’
. s that simple .”
The cure , though , might be worse than the disease .Do we really want fleets of nuclear weapons sitting around on Earth ?
“The world has less to fear from doomsday(毁灭性的 ) rocks than from a great nuclear fleet set against them, ”said a New
York Times article .
21 .What does the passage say about asteroids and meteoroids ?
第 A) They are heavenly bodies different in composition .
一
部 B) They are heavenly bodies similar in nature .
分 C) There are more asteroids than meteoroids .
D)Asteroids are more mysterious than meteoroids .
22 .What do scientists say about the collision of an asteroid with Earth ?
A)It is very unlikely but the danger exists .
B) Such a collision might occur once every 25 years .
C)Collisions of smaller asteroids with Earth occur more often than expected .
D)It’s still too early to say whether such a collision might occur .
23 .What do people think of the suggestion of using nuclear weapons to alter the course of asteroids ?
A)It sounds practical but it may not solve the problem .
B) It may create more problems than it might solve .
C) It is a waste of money because a collision of asteroids with Earth is very unlikely .
D) Further research should be done before it is proved applicable .
24 .We can conclude from the passage that .
A)while pushing asteroids off course nuclear weapons would destroy the world
B) asteroids racing across the night sky are likely to hit Earth in the near future
大
学 C) the worry about asteroids can be left to future generations since it is unlikely to happen in our lifetime
英 D)workable solutions still have to be found to prevent a collision of asteroids with Earth
语
四 25 .Which of the following best describes the author’s tone in this passage ?
级 A)Optimistic . B)Critical .
考 C) Objective . D)Arbitrary .
试
Passage Two
历 Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage :
年 Believe it or not , optical illusion(错觉 ) can cut highway crashes .
试
题 Japan is a case in point .It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical il-
详 lusion .Bent stripes, called chevrons( 人字形) , painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they
解
really are , and thus drivers slow down .
Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D .C .is planning to repeat Japan’
39
s success .Starting next year , the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the coun-
try to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes .
Excessive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation .To
help reduce those accidents,what the foundation will conduct is tests in areas where speed - related hazards are the greatest -
curves, exit slopes , traffic circles , and bridges .Some studies suggest that straight , horizontal bars painted across roads can ini-
tially cut the average speed of drivers in half .However , traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used
to seeing the painted bars .
Chevrons, scientists say , not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make
a lane appear to be narrower .The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents .
26 .The passage mainly discusses .
A) a new way of highway speed control B) a new pattern for painting highways
C) a new approach to training drivers D) a new type of optical illusion
27 .On roads painted with chevrons drivers tend to feel that . 第
A) they should avoid speed - related hazards B) they are driving in the wrong lane 一
C) they should slow down their speed D) they are approaching the speed limit 部
分
28 .The advantage of chevrons over straight , horizontal bars is that the former .
A) can keep drivers awake B) can cut road accidents in half
C)will have a longer effect on drivers D)will look more attractive
29 .The American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans to .
A) try out the Japanese method in certain areas B) change the road signs across the country
C) replace straight , horizontal bars with chevrons D)repeat the Japanese road patterns
30 .What does the author say about straight, horizontal bars painted across roads ?
A) They are falling out of use in the United States .
B) They tend to be ignored by drivers in a short period of time .
C) They are applicable only on broad roads .
D) They cannot be applied successfully to traffic circles .
Passage Three
Amtrak (美国铁路客运公司 ) was experiencing a downswing in ridership( 客运量 ) along the lines comprising its rail
system .Of major concern to Amtrak and its advertising agency DDB Needham,were the long - distance western routes where 大
ridership had been declining significantly . 学
At one time , trains were the only practical way to cross the vast areas of the west .Trains were fast , very luxurious, and 英
语
quite convenient compared to other forms of transportation existing at the time .However , times change and the automobile be- 四
came America’s standard of convenience .Also , air travel had easily established itself as the fastest method of traveling great 级
考
distances .Therefore, the task for DDB Needham was to encourage consumers to consider other aspects of train travel in order to
试
change their attitudes and increase the likelihood that trains would be considered for travel in the west .
Two portions of the total market were targeted : 1) anxious fliers——— those concerned with safety , relaxation , and cleanli- 历
年
ness and 2) travel - lovers——— those viewing themselves as relaxed , casual , and interested in the travel experience as part of
试
their vacation .The agency then developed a campaign that focused on travel experiences such as freedom , escape , relaxation , 题
and enjoyment of the great western outdoors .It stressed experiences gained by using the trains and portrayed western train trip 详
解
as wonderful adventures .
Advertisements showed pictures of the beautiful scenery that could be enjoyed along some of the more famous western
40
routes and emphasized the romantic names of some of these trains( Empire Builder , etc .) .These ads were strategically placed
among family - oriented TV shows and programs involving nature and America in order to most effectively reach target audi-
ences .Results were impressive .The Empire Builder ,which was focused on in one ad . enjoyed a 15 percent increase in profits
on its Chicago to Seattle route .
31 .What’s the author’s purpose in writing this passage ?
A) To show the inability of trains to compete with planes with respect to speed and convenience .
B) To stress the influence of the automobile on America’s standard of convenience .
C) To emphasize the function of travel agencies in market promotion .
D) To illustrate the important role of persuasive communication in changing consumer attitudes .
32 .It can be inferred from the passage that the drop in Amtrak ridership was due to the fact that .
A) trains were not suitable for short distance passenger transportation
B) trains were not the fastest and most convenient form of transportation
C) trains were not as fast and convenient as they used to be
第 D) trains could not compete with planes in terms of luxury and convenience
一
部 33 .To encourage consumers to travel by train , DDB Needham emphasized .
分 A) the freedom and convenience provided on trains
B) the practical aspects of train travel
C) the adventurous aspects of train trips
D) the safety and cleanliness of train trips
34 .The train ads were placed among family - oriented TV programs involving nature and America because .
A) they could focus on meaningful travel experiences
B) they could increase the effectiveness of the TV programs
C) their profits could be increased by some 15 percent
D) most travel - lovers and nervous fliers were believed to be among the audiences
35 .According to the passage , the Empire Builder enjoyed an increase in ridership and profits because .
A) the attractiveness of its name and route was effectively advertised
B) it provided an exciting travel experience
C) its passengers could enjoy the great western outdoors
D) it was widely advertised in newspapers and magazines in Chicago and Seattle
Passage Four
大
学 Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage :
英 Why does cream go bad faster than butter ? Some researchers think they have the answer , and it comes down to the struc-
语
四 ture of the food , not its chemical composition——— a finding that could help rid some processed foods of chemical preservations .
级 Cream and butter contain pretty much the same substances, so why cream should sour much faster has been a mystery .
考 Both areemulsions——— tiny globules( 小球) of one liquid evenly distributed throughout another .The difference lies in what’s in
试
the globules and what’s in the surrounding liquid , says Brocklehurst ,who led the investigation .
历 In cream, fatty globules drift about in a sea of water .In butter , globules of a watery solution are locked away in a sea of
年 fat .The bacteria which make the food go bad prefer to live in the watery regions of the mixture“This
. means that in cream, the
试
题 bacteria are free to grow throughout the mixture”, he says .
详 When the situation is reversed , the bacteria are locked away in compartments ( 密封仓 ) buried deep in the sea of fat .
解
Trapped in this way , individual colonies cannot spread and rapidly run out of nutrients(养料 ) .They also slowly poison them-
selves with their waste products “In
. butter , you get a self - limiting system which stops the bacteria growing , ”says Brockle-
41
hurst .
The researchers are already working with food companies keen to see if their products can be made resistant to bacterial
attack through alterations to the food’s structure .Brocklehurst believes it will be possible to make the emulsionsused in salad
cream, for instance, more like that in butter .The key will be to do this while keeping the salad cream liquid and not turning it
into a solid lump .
36 .The significance of Brocklehurst’s research is that .
A) it suggested a way to keep some foods fresh without preservatives
B) it discovered tiny globules in both cream and butter
C) it revealed the secret of how bacteria multiply in cream and butter
D) it found that cream and butter share the same chemical composition
37 .According to the researchers, cream sours faster than butter because bacteria .
A) are more evenly distributed in cream B) multiply more easily in cream than in butter
C) live on less fat in cream than in butter . D)produce less waste in cream than in butter 第
38 .According to Brocklehurst ,we can keep cream fresh by . 一
A)removing its fat B) killing the bacteria 部
分
C) reducing its water content D) altering its structure
39 .The word“ colonies”( Line 2 ,Para .4) refers to .
A) tiny globules B)watery regions
C) bacteria communities D) little compartments
40 .Commercial application of the research finding will be possible if salad cream can be made resistant to bacterial attack
.
A)by varying its chemical composition B) by turning it into a solid lump
C)while keeping its structure unchanged D)while retaining its liquid form
Directions : There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part .For each sentence there are four choices marked A) , B ) , C) and D) .
Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence .Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with single line
through the centre .
41 .She ought to stop work ; she has a headache because she too long .
A)has been reading B) had read C) is reading D) read
42 .Niagara Falls is a great tourist , drawing millions of visitors every year . 大
A) attention B) attraction C) appointment D) arrangement 学
43 .I don’t mind the decision as long as it is not too late . 英
语
A)you to delay making B)your delaying making 四
C)your delaying to make D) you delay to make 级
考
44 .The hopes , goals, fears and desires widely between men and women , between the rich and the poor .
试
A) alter B) shift C) transfer D) vary
45 .Corn originated in the New World and thus was not known in Europe until Columbus found it in Cuba . 历
年
A)being cultivated B) been cultivated C) having cultivated D) cultivating
试
46 .The sale usually takes place outside the house ,with the audience on benches , chairs or boxes . 题
A)having seated B) seating C) seated D) having been seated 详
解
47 .This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen comfortably .
A) is worn B)wears C) wearing D) are worn
42
48 .Some diseases are by certain water animals .

A) transplanted B) transformed C) transported D) transmitted
49 .Wouldn’t you rather your child to bed early ?
A)go B)went C) would go D) goes
50 .Although Anne is happy with her success she wonders will happen to her private life .
A) that B)what C) it D) this
51 .The words of his old teacher left a impression on his mind .He is still influenced by them .
A) long B) lively C) lasting D) liberal
52 .Mike’s uncle insists in this hotel .
A) staying not B) not to stay
C) that he would not stay D) that he not stay
53 .We agreed to accept they thought was the best tourist guide .
A)whether B)whomever C) whichever D) whoever
第 54 .It is our policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means .
一
部 A) consistent B) continuous C) considerate D) continual
分 55 .Between 1974 and 1997 , the number of overseas visitors expanded 27% .
A)by B)for C) to D) in
56 .Although many people view conflict as bad , conflict is sometimes useful it forces people to test the relative merits of
their attitudes and behaviors .
A) by which B) to which C) in that D) so that
57 .He is about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics next year .
A)optimistic B)optional C) outstanding D) obvious
58 .Sometimes I wish I in a different time and a different place .
A)be living B)were living C) would live D) would have lived
59 .The director was critical the way we were doing the work .
A) at B) in C) of D) with
60 .In a sudden of anger , the man tore up everything within reach .
A) attack B) burst C) split D) blast
61 . she realized it was too late to go home .
A)No sooner it grew dark than B) Hardly did it grow dark that
大
学 C) Scarcely had it grown dark than D) It was not until dark that
英 62 .In Britain people four million tons of potatoes every year .
语
四 A) swallow B) dispose C) consume D) exhaust
级 63 .I’d his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community , and then make a decision about
考 whether or not to approve a loan .
试
A) take into account B) account for C) make up for D) make out
历 64 .It is essential that these application forms back as early as possible .
年 A) must be sent B)will be sent C) are sent D) be sent
试
题 65 .She cooked the meat for a long time so as to make it enough to eat .
详 A) mild B) slight C) light D) tender
解
66 .We take our skin for granted until it is burned repair .
A)beyond B)for C) without D) under
43
67 .The computer revolution may well change society as as did the Industrial Revolution .
A) certainly B) insignificantly C) fundamentally D) comparatively
68 . in this way , the situation doesn’t seem so disappointing .
A) To look at B) Looking at C) Looked at D) To be looked at
69 .A lot of ants are always invading my kitchen .They are a thorough .
A)nuisance B) trouble C) worry D) anxiety
70 .Some women a good salary in a job instead of staying home , but they decided not to work for the sake of the fami-
ly .
A) must make B) should have made C) would make D) could have made
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage .For each blank there are four choices marked A) , B ) , C) and D) on
Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre . 第
In a telephone survey of more than 2 , 000 adults, 21% said they believed the sun revolved( 旋转 ) around the earth .An 一
71 7% did not know which revolved around 72 I have no doubt that 73 all of these people were 74 in school 部
分
that the earth revolves around the sun ; 75 may even have written it 76 a test .But they never 77 their incorrect
mental models of planetary ( 行星的 ) 78 because their everyday observations didn’t support 79 their teachers told
them :People see the sun“moving” 80 the sky as morning turns to night , and the earth seems stationary( 静止的 ) 81
that is happneing .
Students can learn the right answers 82 heart in class, and yet never combined them 83 their working models of
the world .The objectively correct answer the professor accepts and the 84 personal understanding of the world can 85
side by side , each unaffected by the other .
Outside of class, the student continues to use the 86 model because it has always worked well 87 that circum-
stance .Unless professors address 88 errors in students’personal models of the world , students are not 89 to replace
them with the 90 one .
71 .A) excessive B) extra C) additional D) added
72 .A)what B)which C) that D) other
73 .A)virtually B) remarkably C) ideally D) preferably
74 .A) learned B) suggested C) taught D) advised
75 .A) those B) these C) who D) they 大
76 .A)on B)with C) under D) for 学
77 .A)formed B) altered C) believed D) thought 英
语
78 .A)operation B) position C) motion D) location 四
79 .A)how B)which C) that D) what 级
考
80 .A) around B) across C) on D) above
试
81 .A) since B) so C) while D) for
82 .A) to B) by C) in D) with 历
年
83 .A)with B) into C) to D) along
试
84 .A) adult’s B) teacher’s C) scientist’s D) student’s 题
85 .A) exist B)occur C) survive D) maintain 详
解
86 .A)private B) individual C) personal D) own
87 .A) in B)with C) on D) for
44
88 .A)general B) natural C) similar D) specific

89 .A)obliged B) likely C) probable D) partial
90 .A)perfect B) better C) reasonable D) correct
试卷二
Directions : For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: How I Finance My College Edu-
cation .You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline( given in Chinese) below :
1 .上大学的费用( tuition and fees) 可以通过多种途径解决
2 .哪种途径适合我 ( 说明理由)
第
一
部
分
大
学
英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
45
试卷一
Section A
the pause , you must read the four choices marked A) , B ) , C) and D) , and decide which is the best answer .Then mark the cor-

You will read :A)At the office . B)In the waiting room . 第
部
From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening .This is most likely 分
to have taken place at the office . Therefore, A) ”At the office”is the best answer .You should choose[ A] on the Answer Sheet
and mark it with a single line through the centre . Sample Answer [A ] [ B] [ C] [ D ]
1 .A )She is not interested in the article .

B) She has given the man much trouble .
C) She would like to have a copy of the article .
D)She doesn’t want to take the trouble to read the article .
2 .A ) He saw the big tower he visited on TV . B) He has visited the TV tower twice .
C) He has visited the TV tower once . D) He will visit the TV tower in June .
3 .A ) The woman has trouble getting along with the professor .
B) The woman regrets having taken up much of the professor’
s time .
C) The woman knows the professor has been busy .
D) The woman knows the professor has run into trouble .
4 .A ) He doesn’t enjoy business trips as much as he used to .
B) He doesn’t think he is capable of doing the job .
大
C) He thinks the pay is too low to support his family . 学
D) He wants to spend more time with his family . 英
语
5 .A ) The man thought the essay was easy .
四
B) They both had a hard time writing the essay . 级
C) The woman thought the essay was easy . 考
试
D)Neither of them has finished the assignment yet .
6 .A ) In the park . B) Between two buildings . 历
C) In his apartment . D)Under a huge tree . 年
试
7 .A ) It’s awfully dull . B) It’s really exciting . 题
C) It’s very exhausting . D)It’s quite challenging . 详
解
8 .A )A movie . B) A lecture .
C) A play . D)A speech .
46
9 .A ) The weather is mild compared to the past years .

B) They are having the coldest winter ever .
C) The weather will soon get warmer .
D) The weather may get even colder .
10 .A)A mystery story . B) The hiring of a shop assistant .
C) The search for a reliable witness . D)An unsolved case of robbery .
Section B
Directions: In this section , you will hear 3 short passages . At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions .Both the
passage and the questions will be spoken only once . After you hear a question , you must choose the best answer from the four
tre .
Passage One
第 11 .A) They want to change the way English is taught .
一
部 B) They learn English to find well - paid jobs .
分 C) They want to have an up - to - date knowledge of English .
D) They know clearly what they want to learn .
12 .A) Professionals . B) College students .
C)Beginners . D)Intermediate learners .
13 .A)Courses for doctors . B) Courses for businessmen .
C)Courses for reporters . D)Courses for lawyers .
14 .A) Three groups of learners .
B) The importance of business English .
C) English for Specific Purposes .
D) Features of English for different purposes .
Passage Two
15 .A) To show off their wealth . B) To feel good .
C) To regain their memory . D) To be different from others .
大 16 .A) To help solve their psychological problems . B) To play games with them .
学 C) To send them to the hospital . D) To make them aware of its harmfulness .
英 17 .A) They need care and affection . B) They are fond of round - the - world trips .
语
四 C) They are mostly from broken families . D) They are likely to commit crimes .
级 Passage Three
考 Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard .
试
18 .A)Because it was too heavy . B) Because it did not bend easily .
历 C)Because it did not shoot far . D)Because its string was short .
年
19 .A)It went out of use 300 years ago . B) It was invented after the short bow .
试
题 C) It was discovered before fire and the wheel . D)It’s still in use today .
详 20 .A) They are accurate and easy to pull . B) Their shooting range is 40 yards .
解
C) They are usually used indoors . D) They took 100 years to develop .
47

Passage One
Long after the 1998 World Cup was won , disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing(裁判 )decisions that
denied victory to their team . A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees .
The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛 ) involving four youth teams .Each match lasted an hour ,
divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge .
Observers noted down the referees’errors , of which there were 61 over the tournament .Converted to a standard match of
90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes , a remarkably high number .
The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail .Surprisingly , he found that errors were more 第
likely when the referees were close to the incident .When the officials got it right , they were, on average , 17 meters away from 一
the action .The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters .The research shows the optimum ( 最佳的 ) distance is 部
分
about 20 meters .
There also seemed to be an optimum speed .Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2
meters per second .The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second .
If FIFA, football’s international ruling body ,wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup , it should
encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball , the researcher
argues .
He also says that FIFA’s insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided .If keeping up with the action
is not so important , their physical condition is less critical .
21 .The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to .
A)review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World Cup
B) analyse the causes of errors made by football referees
C) set a standard for football refereeing
D)reexamine the rules for football refereeing
22 .The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was .
A) slightly above average B) higher than in the 1998 World Cup 大
C) quite unexpected D) as high as in a standard match 学
23 .The findings of the experiment show that . 英
语
A) errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball 四
B) the farther the referee is from the incident , the fewer the errors 级
考
C) the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occur
试
D) errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot
24 .The word“ officials”( Line 2 , Para .4) most probably refers to . 历
年
A) the researchers involved in the experiment
试
B) the inspectors of the football tournament 题
C) the referees of the football tournament 详
解
D) the observers at the site of the experiment
25 .What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment ?
48
A) The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45 .

B) Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee .
C) A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible .
D)An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition .
Passage Two
While still in its early stages ,welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states— at least in getting
people off welfare .It’s estimated that more than 2 million people have left the rolls since 1994 .
In the past four years,welfare rolls in Athens County have been cut in half, but 70 percent of the people who left in the
past two years took jobs that paid less than 6 an hour . The result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains at more than
30 percent—twice of the national average .
For advocates( 代言人) for the poor , that’s an indication that much more needs to be done .
“More people are getting jobs, but it’s not making their lives any better , ”says Kathy Lairn , a policy analyst at the Cen-
第 ter on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington .
一
部 A center analysis of US Census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996 , a greater percentage of single , female
分 - headed households were earning money on their own , but that average income for these households actually went down .
But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did
with it is in itself a huge victory .
“ Welfare was a poison . It was a toxin(毒素 ) that was poisoning the family , ”says Robert Rector , a welfare - reform poli-
cy analyst“The
. reform is changing the moral climate in low - income communities .It’s beginning to rebuild the work ethic
(道德观 ) ,which is much more important .”
Mr .Rector and others argued that once“ the habit of dependency is cracked , ”then the country can make other policy
changes aimed at improving living standards .
26 .From the passage, it can be seen that the author .
A)believes the reform has reduced the government’s burden
B) insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poor
C) is overenthusiastic about the success of welfare reform
D) considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful
27 .Why aren’t people enjoying better lives when they have jobs ?
A)Because many families are divorced . B) Because government aid is now rare .
大
学 C)Because their wages are low . D)Because the costs of living are rising .
英 28 .What is worth noting from the example of Athens County is that .
语
四 A)greater efforts should be made to improve people’s living standards
级 B)70 percent of the people there have been employed for two years
考 C)50 percent of the population no longer relies on welfare
试
D) the living standards of most people are going down
历 29 .From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at .
年 A) saving welfare funds B) rebuilding the work ethic
试
题 C) providing more jobs D) cutting government expenses
详 30 .According to the passage , before the welfare reform was carried out , .
解
A) the poverty rate was lower B) average living standards were higher
C) the average worker was paid higher wages D) the poor used to rely on government aid
49
Passage Three
Americans are proud of their variety and individuality , yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform ,whether
it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five - star general .Why are uniforms so popular in the United
States ?
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than
civilian( 百姓的 ) clothes .People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform .The
television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes .Faith in the skill
of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform .What easier way is there for a nurse , a policeman , a barber , or a waiter to lose
professional identity ( 身份 ) than to step out of uniform ?
Uniforms also have many practical benefits .They save on other clothes .They save on laundry bills .They are tax - de-
ductible(可减税的 ) .They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes .
Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced 第
by people who must wear them .Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck 一
with it, without change , until retirement .When people look alike , they tend to think , speak , and act similarly , on the job at 部
分
least .
Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems .Though they are long - lasting , often their initial expense is greater
than the cost of civilian clothes .Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain , requiring professional dry cleaning rather than
the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes .
31 .It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality .
A) still judge a man by his clothes
B) hold the uniform in such high regard
C) enjoy having a professional identity
D)will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform
32 .People are accustomed to think that a man in uniform .
A) suggests quality work
B) discards his social identity
C) appears to be more practical
D) looks superior to a person in civilian clothes
33 .The chief function of a uniform is to . 大
A)provide practical benefits to the wearer 学
英
B) make the wearer catch the public eye
语
C) inspire the wearer’s confidence in himself 四
D)provide the wearer with a professional identity 级
考
34 .According to the passage , people wearing uniforms . 试
A) are usually helpful B) have little or no individual freedom
C) tend to lose their individuality D) enjoy greater popularity 历
年
35 .The best title for this passage would be . 试
A)Uniforms and Society B) The Importance of Wearing a Uniform 题
C) Practical Benefits of Wearing a Uniform D)Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms 详
解
50
Passage Four
Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships .One
strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances .So-
cial support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties .Those of us with strong sup-
port systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily hassles( 困难 ) .People with strong social ties live
longer and have better health than those without such ties .Studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease ,
reveal that the presence of social support helps people fend off ( 挡开 ) illness , and the absence of such support makes poor
health more likely .
Social support cushions stress in a number of ways .First , friends , relatives, and co - workers may let us know that they
value us .Our self - respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others despite our faults and difficulties .Second , other
people often provide us with informational support .They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to
them .Third ,we typically find social companionship supportive .Engaging in leisure - time activities with others helps us to meet
第 our social needs while at the same time distracting ( 转移 …注意力 ) us from our worries and troubles .Finally, other people
一
部 may give us instrumental support—financial aid ,material resources , and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us re-
分 solve and cope with our problems .
36 .Interpersonal relationships are important because .
A) they are indispensable to people’s social well - being
B) they awaken people’s desire to exchange resources
C) they help people to cope with life in the information era
D) they can cure a range of illnesses such as heart disease , etc .
37 .Research shows that people’s physical and mental health .
A)relies on the social welfare systems which support them
B) has much to do with the amount of support they get from others
C) depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles
D) is closely related to their strength for coping with major changes in their lives
38 .Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word“cushions”( Line 1 , Para .2) ?
A)Adds up to . B) Does away with .
C) Lessens the effect of . D) Lays the foundation for .
39 .Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of .
大
学 A) instrumental support B) informational support
英 C) social companionship D) the strengthening of self - respect
语
四 40 .Social companionship is beneficial in that .
级 A) it helps strengthen our ties with relatives
考 B) it enables us to eliminate our faults and mistakes
试
C) it makes our leisure - time activities more enjoyable
历 D) it draws our attention away from our worries and troubles
年 Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)
试
题 Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part . For each sentence there are four choices marked A) , B ) , C) and
详 D) . Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence .Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a sin-
解
gle line through the centre .
41 .As we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order , we have to it .
51
A)postpone B) refuse C)delay D) cancel

42 .These books ,which you can get at any bookshop ,will give you you need .
A) all the information B) all the informations C) all of information D) all of the informations
43 .Not until the game had begun at the sports ground .
A)had he arrived B)would he have arrived
C) did he arrive D) should he have arrived
44 .Young people are not to stand and look at works of art ; they want art they can participate in .
A) conservative B) content
C) confident D) generous
45 .Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue that the power of the medium is .
A)granted B) implied C) exaggerated D)remedied
46 .These surveys indicate that many crimes go by the police, mainly because not all victims report them .
A)unrecorded B) to be unrecorded 第
C) unrecording D) to have been unrecorded 一
47 .I have no objection your story again . 部
分
A) to hear B) to hearing C) to having heard D) to have heard
48 .The clothes a person wears may express his or social position .
A) curiosity B) status C)determination D) significance
49 .By law,when one makes a large purchase , he should have opportunity to change his mind .
A) accurate B) urgent C) excessive D) adequate
50 .You will see this product wherever you go .
A) to be advertised B) advertised C) advertise D) advertising
51 .The early pioneers had to many hardships to settle on the new land .
A)go along with B) go back on C)go through D)go into
52 .The suggestion that the mayor the prizes was accepted by everyone .
A)would present B) present C)presents D)ought to present
53 .Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, overall consumption is significantly higher than that of wom-
en .
A)whose B) which C) that D)what
54 .Peter ,who had been driving all day , suggested at the next town . 大
A) to stop B) stopping C) stop D)having stopped 学
55 .I didn’t know the word . I had to a dictionary . 英
语
A) look out B) make out C)refer to D)go over 四
56 .The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds his arguments in favour of the new theory . 级
考
A) to be based on B) to base on C)which to base on D)on which to base
试
57 .There are signs restaurants are becoming more popular with families .
A) that B) which C) in which D)whose 历
年
58 .I think I was at school, I was staying with a friend during the vacation when I heard the news .
试
A)or else B) and then C)or so D) even so 题
59 .It is said that the math teacher seems towards bright students . 详
解
A)partial B) beneficial C)preferable D) liable
60 .In order to show his boss what a careful worker he was, he took trouble over the figures .
52
A) extensive B) spare C) extra D) supreme

61 .———“May I speak to your manager Mr . Williams at five o’clock tonight ?”
———“I’m sorry . Mr . Williams to a conference long before then .”
A)will have gone B) had gone C)would have gone D)has gone
62 .You him so closely ; you should have kept your distance .
A) shouldn’t follow B) mustn’t follow
C) couldn’t have been following D) shouldn’t have been following
63 .The growth of part - time and flexible working patterns , and of training and retraining schemes, more women to
take advantage of employment opportunities .
A)have allowed B) allow C) allowing D) allows
64 .Everybody in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary .
A) assembled B) accumulated C)piled D) joined
65 .Putting in a new window will cutting away part of the roof .
第
一 A) include B) involve C) contain D) comprise
部 66 .Living in the western part of the country has its problems , obtaining fresh water is not the least .
分 A)with which B)for which C)of which D)which
67 .In the of the project not being a success , the investors stand to lose up to S| 30 million .
A)face B) time C) event D) course
68 .The manager would rather his daughter in the same office .
A)had not worked B) not to work C)does not work D)did not work
69 . , he does get annoyed with her sometimes .
A)Although much he likes her B)Much although he likes her
C) As he likes her much D) Much as he likes her
70 .The British constitution is a large extent a product of the historical events described above .
A)within B) to C)by D) at
试卷二
Part Ⅳ Translation (15 minutes)
大
Directions: In this part , there are four items, each consisting of one or two sentences for you to translate into Chinese . These
学
英 sentences are all taken from the Reading Passages you have just read in Part Three of Test Paper One .You should refer back to
语 the passages so as to indentify their meanings in the context .
四
级 S1 .( Lines 1～2 , Para .1 , Passage 1)
考 Long after the 1998 World Cup was won , disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing(裁判 ) decisions that de-
试
nied victory to their team .
历
年
试
题
详 S2 .( Lines 1～2 , Para .6 , Passage 2)
解 But for many , the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it
is in itself a huge victory .
53
S3 .( Lines 4～5 , Para .2 , Passage 3)

What easier way is there for a nurse , a policeman , a barber , or a waiter to lose professional identity( 身份) than to step out of
uniform ?
S4 .( Line 3 ,Para .1 , Passage 4)

Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties .
第
一
Part Ⅴ Writing (30 minutes) 部
分
Directions : For this part , you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: Is a Test of Spoken English Nec-
essary ? The first sentence has already been written for you .You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on
the outline given in Chinese below :
1 . 很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试 , 理由是……
2 . 也有人持不同意见 , ……
3 . 我的看法和打算
Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary ?
A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test (CET) .
大
学
英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
54
试卷一
Section A
Directions: In this section , you will hear 10 short conversations .At the end each conversation , a question will be asked about
what was said . Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once .After each question there will be a pause .During

第
部 From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening . This is
分 most likely to have taken place at the office . Therefore ,A)“ At the office”is the best answer .You should choose[ A] on the
Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre .
Sample Answer [A ] [ B] [ C] [ D ]
1 .A )Get some change from Jane . B) Use the woman’s phone .

C) Go look for a pay phone . D) Pay for the phone call .
2 .A )At a bookstore . B) In a workshop .
C) At an art gallery . D) In a department store .
3 .A )She’s bought the man a pair of glasses today .
B) She will help the man to catch up .
C) She is worried about the man’s health .
D)She has bought the man an up - to - date map .
4 .A ) He is going to give a talk on fishing . B) He thinks fishing is a good way to kill time .
C) He has the same hobby as Susan’
s father . D) He is eager to meet Susan’s parents .
5 .A ) He finds the presentation hard to follow .
大
B) He considers the presentation very dull .
学
英 C) He thinks Professor White has chosen an interesting topic .
语 D) He speaks highly of the presentaiton .
四
级 6 .A ) High quality paper . B) A typewriter .
考 C) A bookshelf . D) Some stocks .
试
7 .A ) They go to the seaside . B) They set off early .
历 C) They go sightseeing . D) They wait for a fine day .
年 8 .A ) He was late for school on the first day . B) He had a funny face .
试
题 C) He was the first person she met at school . D) He liked to show off in class .
详 9 .A ) Her car can stand any crash . B) Her car is not as good as his .
解 C) Her car is maintained as well as his . D) Her car is kept in good condition .
10 .A)She is too busy to go . B) She doesn’t want to wait long .
55
C) She’s willing to go swimming . D) She enjoys the wonderful weather .

Sectin B
tre .
Passage One
11 .A) He was once a friend of the ruler . B) He was a tax collector .
C) He was a government official . D) He was once a school teacher in India .
12 .A) To declare new ways of collecting tax .
B) To entertain those who had made great contributions to the government .
C) To collect money from the persons invited . 第
D) To reward outstanding tax collectors . 一
13 .A) They tried to collect more money than the ruler asked for . 部
分
B) They were given some silver and gold coins by the ruler .
C) They were excused from paying income tax .
D) They enjoyed being invited to dinner at the ruler’s palace .
Passage Two
14 .A) They liked travelling .
B) They wanted to find a better place to live in .
C) They were driven out of their homes .
D) The reasons are unknown .
15 .A) They try to put up with Gypsies .
B) They are envious of Gypsies .
C) They are unfriendly to Gypsies .
D) They admire the musical talent of the Gypsies .
16 .A)Special schools have been set up for them .
B) Permanent homes have been built for them . 大
C) They are now taught in their own language . 学
D) They are now allowed to attend local schools . 英
语
Passage Three 四
Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard . 级
考
17 .A) The causes are obvious . B) The causes are very complicated .
试
C) The causes are familiar . D) The causes are not well understood .
18 .A)Regular driver training . B) Improved highway design . 历
年
C) Stricter traffic regulations . D) Better public transportation .
试
19 .A) Highway crime . B) Poor traffic control . 题
C)Confusing road signs . D) Drivers’errors . 详
解
20 .A)Designing better cars .
B)Building more highways .
56
C) Increasing people’s awareness of traffic problems .

D) Enhancing drivers’sense of responsibility .
Passage One
Dogs are social animals and without proper training , they will behave like wild animals .They will soil your house , destroy
your belongings, bark excessively , fight other dogs and even bite you .Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog ac-
tivities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing .The key to preventing or treating behavior prob-
lems is learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acceptable in the domestic setting .
One of the best things you can do for your dog and yourself is to obedience train( 驯服 ) it .Obedience training doesn’t
第 solve all behavior problems, but it is the foundation for solving just about any problem .Training opens up a line of communica-
一
部 tion between you and your dog .Effective communication is necessary to instruct your dog about what you want it to do .
分 Training is also an easy way to establish the social rank order .When your dog obeys a simple request of“come here ,
sit , ”it is showing obedience and respect for you .It is not necessary to establish yourself as top dog or leader of the dog pack
(群 )by using extreme measures .You can teach your dog its subordinate ( 从属的 ) role by teaching it to show submission to
you .Most dogs love performing tricks for you to pleasantly accept that you are in charge .
Training should be fun and rewarding for you and your dog .It can enrich your relationship and make living together more
enjoyable .A well - trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an un-
trained animal .
21 .Behavior problems of dogs are believed to .
A)be just part of their nature B)worsen in modern society
C)occur when they go wild D) present a threat to the community
22 .The primary purpose of obedience training is to .
A) teach the dog to perform clever tricks
B) make the dog aware of its owner’s authority
C) provide the dog with outlets for its wild behavior
D) enable the dog to regain its normal behavior
大
学 23 .Effective communication between a dog and its owner is .
英 A) essential to solving the dog’s behavior problems
语
四 B) the foundation for dogs to perform tasks
级 C) a good way to teach the dog new tricks
考 D) an extreme measure in obedience training
试
24 .Why do pet dogs love performing tricks for their masters ?
历 A) To avoid being punished .
年 B) To show their affection for their masters .
试
题 C) To win leadership of the dog pack .
详 D) To show their willingness to obey .
解
25 .When a dog has received effective obedience training , its owner .
A) can give the dog more rewards B)will enjoy a better family life
57
C) can give the dog more freedom D) will have more confidence in himself
Passage Two
Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality , but when it comes to my college educa-
tion I am an idealist and a fool .In high school I wanted to be an electrical engineer and , of course , any sensible student with
my aims would have chosen a college with a large engineering department , famous reputation and lots of good labs and research
equipment .But that’s not what I did .
I chose to study engineering at a small liberal - arts( 文科) university that doesn’t even offer a major in electrical engi-
neering .Obviously , this was not a practical choice ; I came here for more noble reasons .I wanted a broad education that would
provide me with flexibility and a value system to guide me in my career .I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by in-
teracting with people who weren’t studying science or engineering .My parents, teachers and other adults praised me for such a
sensible choice .They told me I was wise and mature beyond my 18 years, and I believed them .
I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering“factories” 第
where they didn’t care if you had values or were flexible .I was going to be a complete engineer : technical genius and sensitive 一
humanist( 人文学者 ) all in one . 部
分
Now I’m not so sure .Somewhere along the way my noble ideals crashed into reality , as all noble ideals eventually do .Af-
ter three years of struggling to balance math , physics and engineering courses with liberal - arts courses, I have learned there
are reasons why few engineering students try to reconcile(协调 ) engineering with liberal - arts courses in college .
The reality that has blocked my path to become the typical successful student is that engineering and the liberal arts sim-
ply don’t mix as easily as I assumed in high school .Individually they shape a person in very different ways; together they
threaten to confuse .The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult .
26 .The author chose to study engineering at a small liberal - arts university because he .
A)wanted to be an example of practicality and rationality
B) intended to be a combination of engineer and humanist
C)wanted to coordinate engineering with liberal - arts courses in college
D) intended to be a sensible student with noble ideals
27 .According to the author , by interacting with people who study liberal - arts, engineering students can .
A)balance engineering and the liberal - arts
B) receive guidance in their careers
C) become noble idealists 大
D)broaden their horizons 学
28 .In the eyes of the author , a successful engineering student is expected . 英
语
A) to have an excellent academic record 四
B) to be wise and mature 级
考
C) to be imaginative with a value system to guide him
试
D) to be a technical genius with a wide vision
29 .The author’s experience shows that he was . 历
年
A) creative B) ambitious
试
C) unrealistic D) irrational 题
30 .The word“they”in“ . . .together they threaten to confuse .”( Line 3 , Para .5) refers to . 详
解
A) engineering and the liberal arts . B) reality and noble ideals
C)flexibility and a value system D) practicality and rationality
58
Passage Three
Priscilla Ouchida’“
s energy - efficient”house turned out to be a horrible dream .When she and her engineer husband mar-
ried a few years ago , they built a ＄100 , 000 , three - bedroom home in California .Tightly sealed to prevent air leaks, the house
was equipped with small double - paned(双层玻璃的 )windows and several other energy - saving features .P roblems began as
soon as the couple moved in , however .Priscilla’s eyes burned .Her throat was constantly dry . She suffered from headaches and
could hardly sleep .It was as though she had suddenly developed a strange illness .
Experts finally traced the cause of her illness .The level of formaldehyde( 甲醛 )gas in her kitchen was twice the maxi-
mum allowed by federal standards for chemical workers .The source of the gas ? Her new kitchen cabinets and wall - to - wall
carpeting .
The Ouchidas are victims of indoor air pollution , which is not given sufficient attention partly because of the nation’s
drive to save energy .The problem itself isn’t new“The
. indoor environment was dirty long before energy conservation came a-
long , ”says Moschandreas, a pollution scientist at Geomet Technologies in Maryland “Energy
. conservation has tended to accen-
第 tuate the situation in some cases .”
一
部 The problem appears to be more troublesome in newly constructed homes rather than old ones .Back in the days when en-
分 ergy was cheap , home builders didn’t worry much about unsealed cracks .Because of such leaks, the air in an average home
was replaced by fresh outdoor air about once an hour .As a result , the pollutants generated in most households seldom built up
to dangerous levels .
31 .It can be learned from the passage that the Ouchidas’house .
A) is well worth the money spent on its construction
B) is almost faultless from the point of energy conservation
C)failed to meet energy conservation standards
D)was designed and constructed in a scientific way
32 .What made the Ouchidas’new house a horrible dream ?
A) Lack of fresh air . B) Poor quality of building materials .
C) Gas leakage in the kitchen . D) The newly painted walls .
33 .The word“ accentuate”( Line 4 ,Para .3) most probably means
“ ”.
A)relieve B) accelerate
C)worsen D) improve
34 .Why were cracks in old houses not a big concern ?
大
学 A)Because indoor cleanliness was not emphasized .
英 B)Because energy used to be inexpensive .
语
四 C)Because environmental protection was given to priority .
级 D)Because they were technically unavoidable .
考 35 .This passage is most probably taken from an article entitled“ ”.
试
A) Energy Conservation B) House Building Crisis
历 C) Air Pollution Indoors D) Traps in Building Construction
年 Passage Four
试
题 Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage .
详 In 1993 , New York State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage( 饮料 ) containers .Within a year , consumers had
解
returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles .Plenty of companies were eager to accept the aluminum and
glass as raw materials for new products .But because few could figure out what to do with the plastic , much of it wound up
59
buried in landfills(垃圾填埋场 ) .The problem was not limited to New York .Unfortunately , there were too few uses for second
- hand plastic .
Today , one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled( 回收利用 ) in the United States .The reason for the change is that
now there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them into fence posts ,
paint brushes, etc .
As the New York experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from the rest of the
rubbish .A discard remains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second life— and until economic arrangements
exist to give that second life value .Without adequate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually
depress prices for used materials .
Shrinking landfill space , and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local governments to look more
closely at recycling .In many areas , the East Coast especially , recycling is already the least expensive waste - management op-
tion .For every ton of waste recycled , a city avoids paying for its disposal, which , in parts of New York , amounts to saving of
more than ＄100 per ton .Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution control and ener- 第
gy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material . 一
36 .What regulation was issued by New York State concerning beverage containers ? 部
分
A)Beverage companies should be responsible for collecting and reusing discarded plastic soda bottles .
B) Throwaways should be collected by the state for recycling .
C) A fee should be charged on used containers for recycling .
D)Consumers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their money back on returning them .
37 .The returned plastic bottles in New York used to .
A) end up somewhere underground B) be turned into raw materials
C) have a second - life value D) be separated from other rubbish
38 .The key problem in dealing with returned plastic beverage containers is .
A) to sell them at a profitable price B) how to turn them into useful things
C) how to reduce their recycling costs D) to lower the prices for used materials
39 .Recycling has become the first choice for the disposal of rubbish because .
A) local governments find it easy to manage B) recycling has great appeal for the jobless
C) recycling causes little pollution D) other methods are more expensive
40 .It can be concluded from the passage that .
A)rubbish is a potential remedy for the shortage of raw materials 大
B) local governments in the U . S . can expect big profits from recycling 学
C) recycling is to be recommended both economically and environmentally 英
语
D) landfills will still be widely used for waste disposal 四
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes) 级
考
试
line through the centre . 历
年
41 .It is important that the hotel receptionist that guests are registered correctly .
试
A)has made sure B)made sure C) must make sure D) make sure 题
42 .I suggested he should himself to his new conditions . 详
解
A) adapt B) adopt C) regulate D) suit
43 .I’ll never forget you for the first time .
60
A) to meet B)meeting
C) to have met D) having to be meeting
44 .Cancellation of the flight many passengers to spend the night at the airport .
A)resulted B)obliged C) demanded D) recommended
45 .That young man still denies the fire behind the store .
A) start B) to start C) having started D) to have started
46 . in a recent science competition , the three students were awarded scholarships totaling ＄21 , 000 .
A) Judged the best B)Judging the best
C) To be judged the best D) Having judged the best
47 .Without proper lessons, you could a lot of bad habits when playing the piano .
A)keep up B)pick up C) draw up D) catch up
48 .Everything we eat and drink contains some salt ; we can meet the body’s need for it from natural sources without turning
the salt bottle .
第 A)up B) to C) on D) over
一
部 49 .He always did well at school having to do part - time jobs every now and then .
分 A) in spite of B)regardless of C) on account of D) in case of
50 . receiving financial support from family, community or the government is allowed , it is never admired .
A)As B)Once C) Although D) Lest
51 .All the key words in the article are printed in type so as to attract readers’attention .
A)dark B)dense C) black D) bold
52 .The basic features of the communication process are identified in one question : Who says through what channel to
whom ?
A)how B)when C) what D) such
53 .I didn’t to take a taxi but I had to as I was late .
A) assume B)suppose C) mean D) hope
54 .The hours the children spend in their one - way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their rela-
tionships with real - life people .
A) in which B)on which C) when D) that
55 .I’d rather have a room of my own , however small it is, than a room with someone else .
A) share B) to share C) sharing D) to have shared
大
学 56 .In Disneyland , every year , some 800 , 000 plants are replaced because Disney refused to signs asking his“guests”
英 not to step on them .
语
四 A)put down B)put out C) put up D) put off
级 57 . difficulties we may come across,we’ll help one another to overcome them .
考 A) Wherever B)Whatever C) However D) Whenever
试
58 .So many directors , the board meeting had to be put off .
历 A)were absent B)been absent C) had been absent D) being absent
年 59 .On New Year’s Eve ,New York City holds an outdoor which attracts a crowd of a million or more people .
试
题 A) incident B) event C) case D) affair
详 60 .American football and baseball are becoming known to the British public through televised from the United States .
解
A) transfer B)deliveries C) transportation D) transmissions
61 .He will surely finish the job on time he’s left to do it in his own way .
61
A) in that B)so long as C) in case D) as far as

62 .If this kind of fish becomes , future generations may never taste it at all .
A) minimum B)short C) seldom D) scarce
63 .The bank is reported in the local newspaper in broad daylight yesterday .
A)being robbed B) having been robbed
C) to have been robbed D)robbed
64 .Agriculture was a step in human progress which subsequently there was not anything comparable until our own ma-
chine age .
A) in B)for C) to D)from
65 .The same factors push wages and prices up together , the one the other .
A) emphasizing B)reinforcing C) multiplying D) increasing
66 .No one had told Smith about a lecture the following day .
A) there being B) there be C) there would be D) there was 第
67 .Operations which left patients and in need of long periods of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and 一
comfortable . 部
分
A) exhausted B) abandoned C) injured D) deserted
68 .I was halfway back to the cottage where my mother lived Susan caught up with me .
A)when B)while C) until D) though
69 . the temperature falling so rapidly ,we couldn’t go on with the experiment .
A)Since B)For C) As D) With
70 .The bed has been in the family .It was my great - grandmother’s originality .
A)handed out B)handed over C) handed down D) handed round
For the past two years, I have been working on students’evaluation of classroom teaching .I have kept a record of infor-
mal conversations 71 some 300 students from at 72 twenty - one colleges and universities .The students were generally
73 and direct in their comments 74 how course work could be better 75 .Most of their remarks were kindly 76
with tolerance rather than bitterness - and frequently were softened by the 77 that the students were speaking 78 大
some, not all , instructors .Nevertheless , 79 the following suggestions and comments indicate , students feel 80 with 学
things - as - they - are in the classroom . 英
语
Professors should be 81 from reading lecture notes“It
. makes their 82 monotonous( 单调的) .” 四
If they are going to read ,why not 83 out copies of the lecture ? Then we 84 need to go to class .Professors should 级
考
85 repeating in lectures material that is in the textbook “
. 86 we’ve read the material, we want to 87 it or hear it
试
elaborated on , 88 “A lot of students hate to buy a
repeated .” 89 text that the professor has written 90 to have his
lectures repeat it .” 历
年
71 .A) involving B) counting C) covering D)figuring
试
72 .A)best B) least C) length D) large 题
73 .A)reserved B)hard - working C) polite D)frank 详
解
74 .A)over B) at C) on D) of
75 .A)presented B)submitted C) described D)written
62
76 .A)received B) addressed C) made D) taken

77 .A)occasion B) truth C) case D)fact
78 .A)on B) about C) at D)with
79 .A) though B) as C) whether D) if
80 .A)dissatisfied B)unsatisfactory C) satisfied D) satisfactory
81 .A) interfered B) interrupted C) discouraged D) disturbed
82 .A)voices B)sounds C) pronunciation D) gestures
83 .A)hold B) leave C) drop D) give
84 .A) couldn’t B)wouldn’t C) mustn’t D) shouldn’t
85 .A)refuse B)prohibit C) prevent D) avoid
86 .A)Once B)Until C) However D) Unless
87 .A)remember B) argue C) discuss D) keep
88 .A)yet B)not C) and D) or
第 89 .A)desired B)revised C) required D) deserved
一
部 90 .A) about B)how C) but D) only
分
试卷二
Directions: For this part , you are allowed thirty minutes to write a compositon on the topic : How to Succeed in a Job Inter-
view ? You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:
1 .面试在求职过程中的作用
2 .取得面试成功的因素 : 仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是……
How to Succeed in a Job Interview ?
大
学
英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
63
试卷一
Section A

部
likely to have taken place at the office .Therefore ,A)“ At the office”is the best answer .You should choose[ A]on the Answer
1 .A )A math teacher and his colleague .

B) A teacher and his student .
C) A librarian and a student .
D)A student and his classmate .
2 .A ) Tony thought the experiment was well done .
B) Tony finished the experiment last night .
C) Tony could not continue the experiment .
D) Tony had expected the experiment to be easier .
3 .A )She wants to save money to buy a piano .
B) The present apartment is too expensive .
C) She can’t put up with the noise .
D)She has found a job in a neighbouring area .
大
4 .A ) He has made great progress in his English . 学
B) He is not very interested in English songs . 英
语
C) He is a student of the music department .
四
D) He is not very enthusiastic about his English lessons . 级
5 .A ) In a car . B)On the street . 考
试
C) In a restaurant . D) At home .
6 .A ) His injury kept him at home . B) He was too weak to see the doctor . 历
C) He didn’t think it necessary . D) He failed to make an appointment . 年
试
7 .A )5 : 10 . B)5 : 00 . 题
C)4 : 30 . D)5 : 15 . 详
解
8 .A ) The man is talking with his boss . B) The man needs help .
C) The man is complaining . D) The man likes his job .
64
9 .A ) Wear a new dress . B)Attend a party .

C) Go shopping . D) Make a silk dress .
10 .A) He exaggerated his part . B) He played his part quite well .
C) He was not dramatic enough . D) He performed better than the secretary .
注意 : 听力理解的 B 节 ( Section B)为复合式听写( Compound Dictation) , 题目在试卷二上 , 现在请取出卷二。
Passage One
People living on parts of the south coast of England face a serious problem .In 1993 , the owners of a large hotel and of
第 several houses discovered , to their horror , that their gardens had disappeared overnight .The sea had eaten into the soft lime-
一
部 stone cliffs on which they had been built .While experts were studying the problem, the hotel and several houses disappeared
分 altogether ,sliding down the cliff and into the sea .
Erosion(侵蚀 )of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been a problem but it has become more se-
rious in recent years .Dozens of homes have had to be abandoned as the sea has crept farther and farther inland .Experts have
studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a map for local people , forecasting the year in which their homes will be
swallowed up by the hungry sea .
Angry owners have called on the government to erect sea defenses to protect their homes .Government surveyors have
pointed out that in most cases, this is impossible .New sea walls would cost hundreds of millions of pounds and would merely
make the waves and currents go further along the coast , shifting the problem from one area to another .The danger is likely to
continue , they say , until the waves reach an inland area of hard rock which will not be eaten as limestone is .Meanwhile, if you
want to buy a cheap house with an uncertain future , apply to a house agent in one of the threatened areas on the south coast of
England .You can get a house for a knockdown price but it may turn out to be a knockdown home .
11 .What is the cause of the problem that people living on parts of the south coast of England face ?
A) The disappearance of hotels, houses and gardens .
B) The experts’lack of knowledge .
C) The rising of the sea level .
大
学 D) The washing - away of limestone cliffs .
英 12 .The erosion of the white cliffs in the south of England .
语
四 A)will soon become a problem for people living in central England
级 B) has now become a threat to the local residents
考 C) is quickly changing the map of England
试
D) can be stopped if proper measures are taken
历 13 .The experts’study on the problem of erosion can .
年 A) lead to its eventual solution
试
题 B) provide an effective way to slow it down
详 C) help to prevent it from worsening
解
D)warn people whose homes are in danger
14 .It is not feasible to build sea defenses to protect against erosion because .
65
A) it is too costly and will endanger neighbouring areas

B) the government is too slow in taking action
C) they will be easily knocked down by waves and currents
D)house agents along the coast do not support the idea
15 .According to the author ,when buying a house along the south coast of England , people should .
A)be aware of the potential danger involved
B)guard against being cheated by the house agent
C) take the quality of the house into consideration
D) examine the house carefully before making a decision
Passage Two
Sport is not only physically challenging , but it can also be mentally challenging .Criticism from coaches , parents, and other
teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes( 运动员 ) .Stress 第
can be physical , emotional , or psychological , and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout .Burnout has been described 一
as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable . 部
分
The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself .The sport setting is one where valuable expe-
riences can take place .Young athletes can , for example , learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social
skills that will be used throughout their lives .Coaches and parents should be aware , at all times, that their feedback to young-
sters can greatly affect their children .Youngsters may take their parents’and coaches’criticisms to heart and find a flaw( 缺
陷) in themselves .
Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children .The out-
come of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons .In today’s youth
sport setting , young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport .Following a
game,many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters’performances .Positive reinforcement
should be provided regardless of the outcome .Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect
on learning than criticism .Again , criticism can create high levels of stress ,which can lead to burnout .
16 .An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is .
A) to make sports less competitive B) to make sports more challenging
C) to reduce their mental stress D) to increase their sense of success
17 .According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that . 大
A) it can help them learn more about society 学
B) it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves 英
语
C) it enables them to find flaws in themselves 四
D) it can provide them with valuable experiences 级
考
18 .Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes .
试
A)without realizing criticism may destroy their self - confidence
B) in order to make them remember life’s lessons 历
年
C) believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development
试
D) so as to put more pressure on them 题
19 .According to the passage parents and coaches should . 详
解
A)help children to win every game
B) pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports
66
C) enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports

D) train children to cope with stress
20 .The author’s purpose in writing the passage is .
A) to persuade young children not to worry about criticism
B) to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children
C) to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement
D) to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout
Passage Three
Humanity uses a little less than half the water available worldwide .Yet occurrences of shortages and droughts(干旱 ) are
causing famine and distress in some areas , and industrial and agricultural by - products are polluting water supplies .Since the
world’s population is expected to double in the next 50 years, many experts think we are on the edge of a widespread water
crisis .
第 But that doesn’t have to be the outcome .Water shortages do not have to trouble the world—if we start valuing water more
一
部 than we have in the past .Just as we began to appreciate petroleum more after the 1970s oil crises, today we must start looking
分 at water from a fresh economic perspective .We can no longer afford to consider water a virtually free resource of which we can
use as much as we like and in any way we want .
Instead, for all uses except the domestic demand of the poor , governments should price water to reflect its actual value .
This means charging a fee for the water itself as well as for the supply costs .
Government should also protect this resource by providing water in more economically and environmentally sound ways .
For example , often the cheapest way to provide irrigation( 灌溉 ) water in the dry tropies is through small - scale projects, such
as gathering rainfall in depression( 凹地) and pumping it to nearby cropland .
No matter what steps governments take to provide water more efficiently, they must change their institutional and legal ap-
proaches to water use .Rather than spread control among hundreds or even thousands of local , regional , and national agencies
that watch various aspects of water use , countries should set up central authorities to coordinate water policy .
21 .What is the real cause of the potential water crisis ?
A) The world population is increasing faster and faster .
B) Half of the world’s water resources have been seriously polluted .
C) Humanity has not placed sufficient value on water resources .
D)Only half of the world’s water can be used .
大
学 22 .As indicated in the passage , the water problem .
英 A)has been exaggerated by some experts in the field
语
四 B) is underestimated by government organizations at different levels
级 C) poses a challenge to the technology of building reservoirs
考 D) is already serious in certain parts of the world
试
23 .According to the author , the water price should .
历 A) correspond to its real value
年 B) be reduced to the minimum
试
题 C) stimulate domestic demand
详 D) take into account the occurrences of droughts
解
24 .The author says that in some hot and dry areas it is advisable to .
A)build big lakes to store water
67
B) construct big pumping stations

C) channel water from nearby rivers to cropland
D)build small and cheap irrigation systems
25 .In order to raise the efficiency of the water supply , measures should be taken to .
A) centralize the management of water resources
B) increase the sense of responsibility of agencies at all levels
C)guarantee full protection of the environment
D) encourage local and regional control of water resources
Passage Four
We can see how the product life cycle works by looking at the introduction of instant coffee .When it was introduced , most
“regular”coffee , and it took several years to gain general acceptance ( introduction stage ) .At
people did not like it as well as
one point , though , instant coffee grew rapidly in popularity , and many brands were introduced( stage of rapid growth) .After a 第
while, people became attached to one brand and sales leveled off( stage of maturity) .Sales went into a slight decline( 衰退 ) 一
when freeze - dried coffees were introduced( stage of decline ) . 部
分
The importance of the product life cycle to marketers is this: Different stages in the product life cycle call for different
strategies .The goal is to extend product life so that sales and profits do not decline .One strategy is called market modification .
It means that marketing managers look for new users and market sections .Did you know, for example , that the backpacks that
so many students carry today were originally designed for the military ?
Market modification also means searching for increased usage among present customers or going for a different market ,
such as senior citizens .A marketer may re - position the product to appeal to new market sections .
Another product extension strategy is called product modification .It involves changing product quality, features, or style to
attract new users or more usage from present users .American auto manufacturers are using quality improvement as one way to
recapture world markets .Note , also , how auto manufacturers once changed styles dramatically from year to year to keep demand
from falling .
26 .According to the passage ,when people grow fond of one particular brand of a product , its sales will .
A)decrease gradually B)remain at the same level
C) become unstable D) improve enormously
27 .The first paragraph tells us that a new product is .
A)not easily accepted by the public 大
B)often inferior to old ones at first 学
C)often more expensive than old ones 英
语
D)usually introduced to satisfy different tastes 四
28 .Marketers need to know which of the four stages a product is in so as to . 级
考
A)promote its production B)work out marketing policies
试
C) speed up its life cycle D) increase its popularity
29 .The author mentions the example of“backpacks”( Line 4 , Para .2) to show the importance of . 历
年
A)pleasing the young as well as the old B) increasing usage among students
试
C) exploring new market sections D) serving both military and civil needs 题
30 .In order to recover their share of the world market , U .S .auto makers are . 详
解
A) improving product quality B) increasing product features
C) modernizing product style D) re - positioning their product in the market
68

31 .By the time he arrives in Beijing ,we here for two days .
A)have been staying B) have stayed C) shall stay D) will have stayed
32 .According to the American federal government , residents of Hawaii have the longest life : 77 .2 years .
A) scope B) rank C) span D) scale
33 .The millions of calculations involved , had they been done by hand , all practical value by the time they were fin-
ished .
A)had lost B)would lose C) would have lost D) should have lost
34 .As a public relations officer , he is said some very influential people .
A) to have been knowing B) to be knowing C) to have known D) to know
第 35 .Our hopes and fell in the same instant .
一
部 A) aroused B) arose C) raised D) rose
分 36 .With the development in science and technology man can make various flowers before their time .
A)be bloomed B) blooming C) bloom D) bloomed
37 .A season ticket the holder to make as many journeys as he wishes within the stated period of time .
A)grants B) promises C) entitles D) presents
38 . in the office had made a mistake, and the firm regretted causing the customer inconvenience .
A)Some B) Anyone C) One D) Someone
39 .In recent years much more emphasis has been put developing the students’productive skills .
A)over B)onto C) in D) on
40 .Only a selected number of landladies in the neighbourhood have been allowed by the university to take in .
A)residents B) inhabitants C) lodgers D) settlers
41 .The fire was finally brought under control, but not extensive damage had been caused .
A) after B) before C) since D) as
42 .Purchasing the new production line will be a deal for the company .
A)profitable B) tremendous C) forceful D) favorite
43 .Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert it means standing in a queue all night .
大
学 A)provided B)whatever C) even if D) as if
英 44 .We hadn’t met for 20 years, but I recognized her I saw her .
语
四 A)for the moment B) the moment when
级 C) at the moment when D) the moment
考 45 .Though he was born and brought up in America , he can speak Chinese .
试
A) smooth B)fluent C) fluid D) flowing
历 46 .Government reports, examination compositions, legal documents and most business letters are the main situations
年 formal language is used .
试
题 A) in which B)on which C) in that D) at what
详 47 .Fifty years ago, wealthy people liked hunting wild animals for fun sightseeing .
解
A) than to go B) rather than to go C) more than going D) other than going
48 .If the building project by the end of this month is delayed , the construction company will be fined .
69
A) to be completed B) is completed C) being completed D) completed

49 .He wrote an article criticizing the Greek poet and won and a scholarship .
A) status B)fame C) faith D) courage
50 .Jack wishes that he business instead of history when he was in university .
A)had studied B) study C) studied D) had been studying
51 .The older New England villages have changed relatively little a gas station or two in recent decades .
A) except B) besides C) in addition to D) except for
52 .The Car Club couldn’t to meet the demands of all its members .
A) ensure B)guarantee C) assume D) confirm
53 .Extensive reporting on television has helped to interest in a wide variety of sports and activities .
A)gather B)generate C) assemble D) yield
54 .The president promised to keep all the board members of how the negotiations were going on .
A) informed B) inform C) be informed D) informing 第
55 .Eating too much fat can heart disease and cause high blood pressure . 一
A) contribute to B) attribute to C) attend to D) devote to 部
分
56 .All the tasks ahead of time , they decided to go on holiday for a week .
A)had been fulfilled B) were fulfilled
C) having been fulfilled D) been fulfilled
57 .This article more attention to the problem of cultural interference in foreign language teaching and learning .
A) calls for B) applies for C) cares for D) allows for
58 .He was punished he should make the same mistake again .
A)unless B) lest C) if D) provided
59 .Petrol is refined from the oil we take out of the ground .
A)fresh B)original C) rude D) crude
60 . in the United States,St .Louis has now become the 24th largest city .
A) The fourth biggest city it was B) Once the fourth biggest city
C)Being the fourth biggest city D) It was once the fourth biggest city
the right side of the paper .You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage .Then mark the corresponding letter on the 大
Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre . 学
More than forty thousand readers told us what they looked for in close friendships, what they expected 61 friends , 英
语
what they were willing to give in 62 , and how satisfied they were 63 the quality of their friendships .The 64 give 四
little comfort to social critics . 级
Friendship 65 to be a unique form of 66 bonding .Unlike marriage or the ties that 67 parents and children , it is 考
试
not defined or regulated by 68 .Unlike other social roles that we are expected to 69 —as citizens, employees , mem-
bers of professional societies and 70 organizations - - it has its own principle , which is to promote 71 of warmth , 历
年
trust , love, and affection 72 two people .
试
The survey on friendship appeared in the March 73 of Psychology Today .The findings 74 that issues of trust and 题
betrayal ( 背叛 ) are 75 to friendship .They also suggest that our readers do not 76 for friends only among those who are 详
解
77 like them, but find many 78 differ in race, religion , and ethnic( 种族的 )background .Arguably the most important
79 that emerges from the data , 80 , is not something that we found - but what we did not .
70
61 .A)on B)of C) to D) for

62 .A) addition B) reply C) turn D) return
63 .A) about B)of C) with D) by
64 .A)results B) effects C) expectations D) consequences
65 .A)feels B) leads C) sounds D) appears
66 .A)human B) mankind C) individual D) civil
67 .A)bind B) attach C) control D) attract
68 .A)discipline B) law C) rule D) regulation
69 .A)keep B) do C) show D) play
70 .A) all B) any C) other D) those
71 .A)friendship B) interests C) feelings D) impressions
72 .A)between B)on C) in D) for
73 .A)print B) issue C) publication D) copy
第
一 74 .A) secure B) assure C) confirm D) resolve
部 75 .A)neutral B) main C) nuclear D) central
分 76 .A) ask B) call C) appeal D) look
77 .A) most B) more C) least D) less
78 .A)people B)who C) what D) friends
79 .A) conclusion B) summary C) decision D) claim
80 .A) moreover B) however C) still D) yet
试卷二
Part Ⅰ Section B Compound Dictation
Directions: In this section , you will hear a passage three times . When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen
carefully for its general idea .When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from
S1 to S7 with the exact words you have just heard .For blanks numbered from S8 to S10 you are required to fill in the missing
information .You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words .Finally ,
when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written .
大 If you are a young college student , most of your concerns about your health and happiness in life are probably ( S1)
学
英 on the present .Basically , you want to feel good physically, mentally , and ( S2) now .You probably don’t spend
语 much time worrying about the (S3) future, such as whether you will develop heart disease, or ( S4) , how you
四
will take care of yourself in your ( S5) years , or how long you are going to live .Such thoughts may have ( S6)
级
考 your mind once in a while .However , if you are in your thirties , forties , fifties, or older , such health related thoughts are likely to
试 become (S7) important to you .
历 ( S8 )
年
试
that will help you feel better physically and mentally .Recently, researchers have found that , even in
题
详 late adulthood , exercise ,strength training with weights , and better food can help elderly individuals significantly improve their
解 health and add happiness to their life .(S9)
71
giving us the opportunity to avoid some of the health problems that have troubled them .(S10)

Directions: For this part , you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter . Supose you are Zhang Ying . Write a letter to Xiao
Wang , a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the week - long holiday .You should write at least 100 words ac-
cording to the suggestions given below in Chinese .
1 .表示欢迎
2 .提出对度假安排的建议
3 .提醒应注意的事项
A Letter to a Schoolmate
June 23 , 2001
Dear Xiao Wang , 第
Yours , 一
Zhang Ying 部
分
大
学
英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
72
试卷一
Section A
the pause, you must read the four choices maked A ) , B) , C) and D) , and decide which is the best answer .Then mark the corre-
sponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre .
Example :You will hear :

You will read : A)At the office . B) In the waiting room .
第
分 likely to have taken place at the office .Therefore, A)“ At the office”is the best answer .You should choose [ A] on the Answer
Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre .
1 .A )She has to post a letter instead . B) She has to turn down the man’s request .
C) She’s not sure if the computer is fixed . D) She can’t send the message right now .
2 .A ) He didn’t get the book he needed . B) He had no idea where the book was .
C) The library is closed on weekends . D) He was not allowed to check out the book .
3 .A ) Play a tape recorder . B) Take a picture .
C) Repair a typewriter . D) Start a car .
4 .A ) The woman rejected the man’
s apology . B) The woman appreciated the man’s offer .
C) The man had forgotten the whole thing . D) The man had hurt the woman’s feelings .
5 .A ) The woman is meeting the man at the airport .
B) They are complaining about the poor airport service .
C) They are discussing their plan for Christmas .
大
D) The man is seeing the woman off .
学
英 6 .A )She plans to go to graduate school .
语 B) She will drop out of school .
四
级 C) She will stop working and concentrate on her studies .
考 D)She will take a part - time job .
试
7 .A ) He needs another job as research assistant . B) He asked Professor Williams for assistance .
历 C) He assists Professor Williams with his teaching . D) He is doing research with Professor Williams .
年 8 .A )She thought there were no tickets left for the show .
试
题 B) She thought the seats on the left side were fully occupied .
详 C) The show was planned a long time ago .
解 D) The audience were deeply impressed by the show .
9 .A )Mr .Long’s briefing was unnecessarily long .
73
B) The woman should have been more attentive .

C) Mr .Long’s briefing was not relevant to the mission .
D) The woman needn’t have attended the briefing .
10 .A)In a bank . B) In a school .
C) In a clothing store . D) In a barbershop .
Section B
tre .
Passage One
11 .A)Because the bird couldn’t repeat his master’s name . 第
B)Because the bird screamed all day long . 一
C)Because the bird uttered the wrong word . 部
分
D)Because the bird failed to say the name of the town .
12 .A) The cruel master . B) The man in the kitchen .
C) The pet bird . D) The fourth chicken .
13 .A) The bird had finally understood his threat .
B) The bird managed to escape from the chicken house .
C) The bird had learned to scream back at him .
D) The bird was living peacefully with the chickens .
Passage Two
14 .A) They are kept in open prisons .
B) They are allowed out of the prison grounds .
C) They are ordered to do cooking and cleaning .
D) They are a small portion of the prison population .
15 .A)Some of their prisoners are allowed to study or work outside prisons .
B)Most of their prisoners are expected to work . 大
C) Their prisoners are often sent to special centers for skill training . 学
D) Their prisoners are allowed freedom to visit their families . 英
语
16 .A) They are encouraged to do maintenance for the training centre . 四
B)Most of them get paid for their work . 级
考
C) They have to cook their own meals .
试
D) They can choose to do community work .
Passage Three 历
年
试
17 .A)Because they have a driving license . 题
B)Because they have received special training . 详
解
C)Because the traffic conditions in London are good .
D)Because the traffic system of the city is not very complex .
74
18 .A) Two to four months . B) About three weeks .

C) At least half a year . D) Two years or more .
19 .A)Government officers are hard to please .
B) The learner has to go through several tough tests .
C) The learner usually fails several times before he passes it .
D) The driving test usually lasts two months .
20 .A) They don’t want their present bosses to know what they’re doing .
B) They want to earn money from both jobs .
C) They cannot earn money as taxi drivers yet .
D) The look forward to further promotion .
第 on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre .
一
部 Passage One
分 Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage .
Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse .They see a day in the not - too - distant fu-
ture when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust .Other authorities , however , think the auto is here to stay .They hold
that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future .
The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years .It should become smaller , safer , and more eco-
nomical , and should not be powered by the gasoline engine .The car of the future should be far more pollution - free than pre-
sent types .
Regardless of its power source , the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion( 拥挤 ) .
One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system .
When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable( 可伸缩的) arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a
rail,which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically .Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically
powered from the system , and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer .The computer will then monitor all of the
car’s movements .
The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system .The computer will calculate the
best route , and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway .The driver will then be free to relax
大
学 and wait for the buzzer( 蜂鸣器 ) that will warn him of his coming exit .It is estimated that an automated highway will be able
英 to handle 10 , 000 vehicles per hour , compared with the 1 , 500 to 2 , 000 vehicles that can be carried by a present - day high-
语
四 way .
级 21 .One significant improvement in the future car will probably be .
考 A) its power source B) its driving system C) its monitoring system D) its seating capacity
试
22 .What is the author’s main concern ?
历 A) How to render automobiles pollution - free .
年 B) How to make smaller and safer automobiles .
试
题 C) How to solve the problem of traffic jams .
详 D) How to develop an automated subway system .
解
23 .What provides autos with electric power in an automated highway system ?
A)A rail . B)An engine .
75
C) A retractable arm . D) A computer controller .

24 .In an automated highway system , all the driver needs to do is .
A)keep in the right lane
B)wait to arrive at his destination
C) keep in constant touch with the computer center
D) inform the system of his destination by phone
25 .What is the author’s attitude toward the future of autos ?
A) Enthusiastic . B) Pessimistic .
C) Optimistic . D) Cautious .
Passage Two
Foxes and farmers have never got on well .These small dog - like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals .
They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them . 第
Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population .Hunting consists of pursuing a fox 一
across the countryside ,with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses .When the dogs even- 部
分
tually catch the fox they kill it or a hunter shoots it .
People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport ; they wear a special uniform of red coats and white trousers, and fol-
low strict codes of behavior .But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive , so most hunters are wealthy .
It is estimated that up to 100 , 000 people watch or take part in fox hunting .But over the last couple of decades the num-
ber of people opposed to fox hunting , because they think it is brutal (残酷的 ) , has risen sharply .Nowadays it is rare for a hunt
to pass off without some kind of confrontation( 冲突 )between hunters and hunt saboteurs( 阻拦者 ) .Sometimes these incidents
lead to violence , but mostly saboteurs interfere with the hunt by misleading riders and disturbing the trail of the fox’s smell ,
which the dogs follow .
Noisy confrontations between hunters and saboteurs have become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunt-
ing as the prusuit of foxes itself .But this year supporters of fox hunting face a much bigger threat to their sport .A Labour Party
Member of the Parliament, Mike Foster , is trying to get Parliament to approve a new law which will make the hunting of wild
animals with dogs illegal .If the law is passed ,wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain .
26 .Rich people in Britain have been hunting foxes .
A)for recreation B) in the interests of the farmers
C) to limit the fox population D) to show off their wealth 大
27 .What is special about fox hunting in Britain ? 学
A)It involves the use of a deadly poison . 英
语
B) It is a costly event which rarely occurs . 四
C) The hunters have set rules to follow . 级
考
D) The hunters have to go through strict training .
试
28 .Fox hunting opponents often interfere in the game .
A)by resorting to violence B)by confusing the fox hunters 历
年
C) by taking legal action D) by demonstrating on the scene
试
29 .A new law may be passed by the British Parliament to . 题
A)prohibit farmers from hunting foxes 详
解
B)forbid hunting foxes with dogs
C) stop hunting wild animals in the countryside
76
D)prevent large - scale fox hunting

A)killing foxes with poison is illegal
B) limiting the fox population is unnecessary
C) hunting foxes with dogs is considered cruel and violent
D)fox - hunting often leads to confrontation between the poor and the rich
Passage Three
For an increasing number of students at American universities , Old is suddenly in .The reason is obvious: the graying of
America means jobs .Coupled with the aging of the baby - boom( 生育高峰 )generation , a longer life span means that the na-
tion’s elderly population is bound to expand significantly over the next 50 years .By 2050 , 25 percent of all Americans will be
older than 65 , up from 14 percent in 1995 .The change poses profound questions for government and society, of course .But it
also creates career opportunities in medicine and health professions , and in law and business as well“In
. addition to the doc-
第 tors,we’re going to need more sociologists, biologists, urban planners and specialized lawyers , ”says Professor Edward Schnei-
一
部 der of the University of Southern California’s( USC)School of Gerontology( 老年学 ) .
分 Lawyers can specialize in“elder law”, which covers everything from trusts and estates to nursing - home abuse and age
discrimination( 歧视 ) .Businessmen see huge opportunities in the elder market because the baby boomers, 74 million strong ,
are likely to be the wealthiest group of retirees in human history“Any
. student who combines an expert knowledge in gerontolo-
gy with , say , an MBA or law degree will have a license to print money , ”one professor says .
“really bored
Margarite Santos is a 21 - year - old senior at USC .She began college as a biology major but found she was
with bacteria”.So she took a class in gerontology and discovered that she liked it .She says,“I did volunteer work in retirement
homes and it was very satisfying .”
31 “ “
. . . .Old is suddenly in”( Line 1 , Para .1) most probably means ”.
A)America has suddenly become a nation of old people
B)gerontology has suddenly become popular
C) more elderly professors are found on American campuses
D)American colleges have realized the need of enrolling older students
32 .With the aging of America , lawyers can benefit .
“ elder law”
A)from the adoption of the
B)from rendering special services to the elderly
大
学 C) by enriching their professional knowledge
英 D)by winning the trust of the elderly to promote their own interests
语
四 33 .Why can businessmen make money in the emerging elder market ?
级 A)Retirees are more generous in spending money .
考 B) They can employ more gerontologists .
试
C) The elderly possess an enormous purchasing power .
历 D) There are more elderly people working than before .
年 34 .Who can make big money in the new century according to the passage ?
试
题 A)Retirees who are business - minded .
详 B) The volunteer workers in retirement homes .
解
C)College graduates with an MBA or law degree .
D) Professionals with a good knowledge of gerontology .
77
35 .It can be seen from the passage that the expansion of America’s elderly population .
A)will provide good job opportunities in many areas
B)will impose an unbearable burden on society
C) may lead to nursing home abuse and age discrimination
D)will create new fields of study in universities
Passage Four
The decline in moral standards—which has long concerned social analysts—has at last captured the attention of average
Americans .And Jean Bethke Elshtain , for one , is glad .
The fact that ordinary citizens are now starting to think seriously about the nation’s moral climate , says this ethics(伦理
学) professor at the University of Chicago , is reason to hope that new ideas will come forward to improve it .
But the challenge is not to be underestimated .Materialism and individualism in American society are the biggest obsta-
cles “The
. thought that I’m in it for me has become deeply rooted in the national consciousness, ”Ms .Elshtain says . 第
Some of this can be attributed to the disintegration of traditional communities, in which neighbors looked out for one an- 一
other , she says .With today’s greater mobility and with so many couples working , those bonds have been weakened , replaced by 部
分
a greater emphasis on self .
In a 1996 poll of Americans , loss of morality topped the list of the biggest problems facing the U .S .And Elshtain says the
public is correct to sense that : Data show that Americans are struggling with problems unheard of in the 1950s , such as class-
room violence and a high rate of births to unmarried mothers .
The desire for a higher moral standard is not a lament( 挽歌 )for some nonexistent
“golden age”, Elshtain says , nor is it a
wishful( 一厢情愿的 ) longing for a time that denied opportunities to women and minorities .Most people, in fact , favor the
lessening of prejudice .
Moral decline will not be reversed until people find ways to counter the materialism in society , she says “Slowly
. , you rec-
ognize that the things that matter are those that can’t be bought .”
36 .Professor Elshtain is pleased to see that Americans .
A)have adapted to a new set of moral standards
B) are longing for the return of the good old days
C) have realized the importance of material things
D) are awakening to the lowering of their moral standards
37 .The moral decline of American society is caused mainly by . 大
A) its growing wealth 学
B) the self - centeredness of individuals 英
语
C) underestimating the impact of social changes 四
D) the prejudice against women and minorities 级
考
38 .Which of the following characterizes the traditional communities ?
试
A)Great mobility . B)Concern for one’s neighbors .
C) Emphasis on individual effort . D) Ever - weakening social bonds . 历
年
39 .In the 1950s, classroom violence .
试
A)was something unheard of B)was by no means a rare occurrence 题
C) attracted a lot of public attention D) began to appear in analysts’data 详
解
40 .According to Elshtain , the current moral decline may be reversed .
“golden age”
A) if people can return to the
78
B)when women and men enjoy equal rights

C)when people rid themselves of prejudice
D) if less emphasis is laid on material things
Choose the ONE answer that bese completes the sentence . Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single
41 .By the time you get to New York , I for London .
A)would be leaving B) am leaving C) have already left D) shall have left
42 .The article suggests that when a person under unusual stress he should be especially careful to have a well - bal-
anced diet .
A) is B) were C) be D)was
43 .The lawyer advised him to drop the , since he stands little chance to win .
第 A) event B) incident C) case D) affair
一
部 44 .Sometimes children have trouble fact from fiction and may believe that such things actually exist .
分 A) to separate B) separating C)for separating D)of separating
45 .He is quite sure that it’s impossible for him to fulfill the task within two days .
A) absolutely B) exclusively C)fully D) roughly
46 .There was a big hole in the road which the traffic .
A) set back B) stood back C) held up D) kept down
47 .Many a delegate was in favor of his proposal that a special committee to investigate the incident .
A)were set up B) was set up C) be set up D) set up
48 .In the Chinese household , grandparents and other relatives play roles in raising children .
A) incapable B) indispensable C) insensible D) infinite
49 .Eye contact is important because wrong contact may create a communication .
A) tragedy B) vacuum C) question D) barrier
50 .There was such a long line at the exhibition we had to wait for about half an hour .
A) as B) that C) so D) hence
51 .There is no to the house from the main road .
A) access B) avenue C) exposure D) edge
大
学 52 . energy under the earth must be released in one form or another , for example , an earthquake .
英 A)Accumulated B) Gathered C) Assembled D)Collected
语
四 53 .He wasn’t appointed chairman of the committee , not very popular with all its members .
级 A) to be considered B) considering C) being considered D) having considered
考 54 .The twentieth century has witnessed an enormous worldwide political, economic and cultural .
试
A) tradition B) transportation C) transmission D) transformation
历 55 .The “By Air”.
stuck on the envelope says
年 A)diagram B) label C) signal D) mark
试
题 56 .Mobile telecommunications is expected to double in Shanghai this year as a result of a contract signed between the
详 two companies .
解
A) capacity B) potential C) possession D) impact
57 .Reading the lines, I would say that the Government are more worried than they will admit .
79
A)behind B) between C) along D) among

58 .My brother’s plans are very ; he wants to master English , French and Spanish before he is sixteen .
A) arbitrary B) aggressive C) ambitious D) abundant
59 .Things might have been much worse if the mother on her right to keep the baby .
A)has been insisting B) had insisted
C)would insist D) insisted
60 .The statistical figures in that report are not .You should not refer to them .
A) accurate B) fixed C) delicate D) rigid
61 .Contrast may make something appear more beautiful than it is when alone .
A) seen B) is seen C) to be seen D) having been seen
62 .The football game comes to you from New York .
A) lively B) alive C) live D) living
63 .None of us expected the chairman to at the party .We thought he was still in hospital . 第
A) turn in B) turn over C) turn up D) turn down 一
64 .The mother didn’t know who for the broken glass . 部
分
A)blamed B) be blamed C) to blame D)would blame
65 .He to his customers and halved the price .
A) leaked B) drew C) quoted D)yielded
66 .Tyron was extremely angry , but cool - headed enough to storming into the boss’s office .
A)prevent B) prohibit C) turn D) avoid
67 .All flights because of the terrible weather , they had to go there by train .
A)having been canceled B) had been canceled
C) having canceled D)were canceled
68 .The author of the report is well with the problems in the hospital because he has been working there for many
years .
A) informed B) acquainted C) enlightened D) acknowledged
69 .The boy spent as much time watching TV as he studying .
A)does B) had C)was D) did
70 .The ship’s generator broke down , and the pumps had to be operated instead of mechanically .
A) manually B) artificially C) automatically D) synthetically 大
Part Ⅳ Cloze (15 minutes) 学
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage .For each blank there are four choices marked A) , B ) , C) and D) on 英
语
the right side of the paper .You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage .Then mark the corresponding letter on the 四
Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre . 级
One summer night, on my way home from work I decided to see a movie .I knew the theatre would be air - conditioned 考
试
and I couldn’t face my 71 apartment .
Sitting in the theatre I had to look through the 72 between the two tall heads in front of me .I had to keep changing 历
年
the 73 every time she leaned over to talk to him , 74 he leaned over to kiss her .Why do Americans display such 75
试
in a public place ? 题
I thought the movie would be good for my English , but 76 it turned out , it was an Italian movie . 77 about an hour 详
解
I decided to give up on the movie and 78 on my popcorn( 爆玉米花 ) .I’ve never understood why they give you so much
popcorn ! It tasted pretty good , 79 .After a while I heard 80 more of the romantic - sounding Italians .I just heard the
80
81 of the popcorn crunching( 咀嚼 )between my teeth .My thought started to 82 .I remembered when I was in South
Korea(韩国 ) , I 83 to watch Kojak to TV frequently .He spoke perfect Korean—I was really amazed .He seemed like a
good friend to me , 84 I saw him again in New York speaking 85 English instead of perfect Korean .He didn’t even
have a Korean accent and I 86 like I had been betrayed .
When our family moved to the United States six years ago , none of us spoke any English . 87 we had begun to learn a
few words, my mother suggested that we all should speak English at home .Everyone agreed , but our house became very 88
and we all seemed to avoid each other .We sat at the dinner table in silence, preferring that to 89 in a difficult lan-
guage .Mother tried to say something in English but it 90 out all wrong and we all burst into laughter and decided to forget
it ! We’ve been speaking Korean at home ever since .
71 .A)warm B) hot C) heated D) cool
72 .A) crack B) blank C) break D)opening
73 .A) aspect B) view C) space D) angle
74 .A)while B) whenever C)or D) and
第 75 .A) attraction B) attention C) affection D) motion
一
部 76 .A) since B) when C)what D) as
分 77 .A) Within B) After C) For D) Over
78 .A) concentrate B) chew C)fix D) taste
79 .A) too B) any C) though D)few
80 .A) much B) any C) no D)few
81 .A)voice B) sound C) rhythm D) tone
82 .A)wonder B) wander C) imaging D) depart
83 .A) enjoyed B) happened C) turned D) used
84 .A)until B) because C) then D) therefore
85 .A) artificial B) informal C) perfect D) practical
86 .A)felt B) looked C) seemed D) appeared
87 .A) While B) If C)Before D) Once
88 .A) empty B) quiet C) stiff D) calm
89 .A) telling B) uttering C) saying D) speaking
90 .A)worked B) got C) came D) made
大
学
英试卷二
语
四 Part Ⅴ Writing (30 minutes)
级 Directions: For this part , you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: A Letter to the University President
考
试 about the Canteen Service on Campus .You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline ( given in
Chinese) below:
历
假设你是李明 , 请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信 , 内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等 ,
年
试可以是表扬 , 可能是批评建议 , 也可以兼而有之。
题 January 12th , 2002
详
解 Dear Mr . President ,
81
试卷一
Section A

C) At the airport D) In a restaurant . 一
部
likely to have taken place at the office .Therefore, A)“ At the office” is the best answer .You should choose[ A ] on the Answer
1 .A ) His father . B) His mother .

C) His brother . D) His sister .
2 .A )A job opportunity . B) A position as general manager .
C) A big travel agency . D)An inexperienced salesman .
3 .A ) Having a break . B) Continuing the meeting .
C) Moving on to the next item . D) Waiting a little longer .
4 .A ) The weather forecast says it will be fine . B) The weather doesn’t count in their plan .
C) They will not do as planned in case of rain . D) They will postpone their program if it rains .
5 .A ) He wishes to have more courses like it . B) He finds it hard to follow the teacher .
C) He wishes the teacher would talk more . D) He doesn’t like the teacher’s accent .
6 .A )Go on with the game . B) Draw pictures on the computer .
大
C) Review his lessons . D) Have a good rest . 学
7 .A )She does not agree with Jack . B) Jack’s performance is disappointing . 英
语
C) Most people will find basketball boring . D)She shares Jack’s opinion .
四
8 .A ) The man went to a wrong check - in counter . B) The man has just missed his flight . 级
C) The plane will leave at 9 : 14 . D) The plane’s departure time remains unknown . 考
试
9 .A )At a newsstand . B) At a car dealer’s .
C) At a publishing house . D)At a newspaper office . 历
10 .A) He wants to get a new position . B) He is asking the woman for help . 年
试
C) He has left the woman a good impression . D) He enjoys letter writing . 题
Section B 详
解
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages . At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions . Both the
passage and the questions will be spoken only once .After you hear a question , you must choose the best answer from the four choices
82
marked A) , B ) , C) and D) . Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre .
Passage One
11 .A) They are interested in other kinds of reading .
B) They are active in voluntary services .
C) They tend to be low in education and in income .
D) They live in isolated areas .
12 .A) The reasons why people don’t read newspapers are more complicated than assumed .
B) There are more uneducated people among the wealthy than originally expected .
C) The number of newspaper readers is steadily increasing .
D) There are more nonreaders among young people nowadays .
13 .A) Lowering the prices of their newspapers .
B) Shortening their news stories .
第 C) Adding variety to their newspaper content .
一
部 D)Including more advertisements in their newspapers .
分 Passage Two
14 .A)A basket . B) A cup .
C) An egg . D)An oven .
15 .A) To let in the sunshine . B) To serve as its door
C) To keep the nest cool . D) For the bird to lay eggs .
16 .A)Branches . B) Grasses .
C)Mud . D)Straw .
17 .A)Some are built underground . B) Some can be eaten .
C)Most are sewed with grasses . D)Most are dried by the sun .
Passage Three
18 .A) To examine the chemical elements in the Ice Age .
B) To look into the pattern of solar wind activity .
C) To analyze the composition of different trees .
大
学 D) To find out the origin of carbon - 14 on Earth .
英 19 .A) The lifecycle of trees . B) The number of trees .
语
四 C) The intensity of solar burning . D) The quality of air .
级 20 .A)It affects the growth of trees . B) It has been increasing since the Ice Age .
考 C) It is determined by the chemicals in the air . D)It follows a certain cycle .
试
历 Directions: There are 4 passages in this part .Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements .For each of
年 them there are four choices marked A) , B ) , C) and D) .You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter
试
题 on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre .
详 Passage One
解
In the 1960s ,medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events .They ap-
83
preciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful .Negative events like“serious illness of a family member”
were
high on the list, but so were some positive life - changing events, like marriage .When you take Holmes - Rahe test you must
remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress— it only shows how much you have to deal with .And we now
know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy .
By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe . And millions of Americans who work and
live under stress worried over the reports . Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message .Women’s maga-
“ Stress causes illness !”If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy , the articles said , avoid
zines ran headlines like
stressful events .
But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow . Even if stressful events are dangerous, many—like the death of a loved
one— are impossible to avoid .Moreover , any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription( 处方) for staying away from
opportunities as well as trouble . Since any change can be stressful , a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would
never marry , have a child , take a new job or move .
The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people .It assumes we’re all vulnerable 第
(脆弱的 ) and passive in the face of adversity ( 逆境 ) .But what about human initiative and creativity ? Many come through 一
periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before . We also know that a long time without change or 部
分
challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and mental strain .
21 .The result of Holmes - Rahe’s medical research tells us .
A) the way you handle major events may cause stress B) what should be done to avoid stress
C)what kind of event would cause stress D)how to cope with sudden changes in life
22 . The studies on stress in the early 1970’s led to .
A)widespread concern over its harmful effects
B) great panic over the mental disorder it could cause
C) an intensive research into stress - related illnesses
D) popular avoidance of stressful jobs
23 . The score of the Holmes - Rahe test shows .
A) how much pressure you are under B) how positive events can change your life
C) how stressful a major event can be D)how you can deal with life - changing events
24 .Why is“ such simplistic advice”( Line 1 ,Para .3) impossible to follow ?
A)No one can stay on the same job for long . B) No prescription is effective in relieving stress .
C) People have to get married someday . D)You could be missing opportunities as well . 大
25 .According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become . 学
A)nervous when faced with difficulties B) physically and mentally strained 英
语
C) more capable of coping with adversity D) indifferent toward what happens to them 四
Passage Two 级
考
试
Most episodes of absent - mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—
are caused by a simple lack of attention , says Schacter“You’
. re supposed to remember something , but you haven’t encoded it 历
年
deeply .”
试
Encoding ,Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later . 题
Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations . If you put your mobile phone in a pocket , for example , and don’t 详
解
pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation , you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket
now hanging in your wardrobe( 衣柜 ) “Your
. memory itself isn’t failing you , ”says Schacter “
, Rather , you didn’t give your
84
memory system the information it needed .”

Lack of interest can also lead to absent - mindedness “A
. man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago , ”says
Zelinski“may
, not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox .”Women have slightly better memories than men , possibly because
they pay more attention to their environment , and memory relies on just that .
Visual cues can help prevent absent - mindedness, says Schacter “But
. be sure the cue is clear and available, ”he cau-
tions . If you want to remember to take a medication( 药物 )with lunch , put the pill bottle on the kitchen table—don’t leave it
in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket .
Another common episode of absent - mindedness:walking into a room and wondering why you’re there .Most likely , you
were thinking about something else“Everyone
. does this from time to time , ”says Zelinski .The best thing to do is to return to
where you were before entering the room , and you’ll likely remember .
26 .Why does the author think that encoding properly is very important ?
A)It helps us understand our memory system better .
B) It enables us to recall something from our memory .
第 C) It expands our memory capacity considerably .
一
部 D)It slows down the process of losing our memory .
分 27 .One possible reason why women have better memories than men is that .
A) they have a wider range of interests
B) they are more reliant on the environment
C) they have an unusual power of focusing their attention
D) they are more interested in what’s happening around them
28 .A note in the pocket can hardly serve as a reminder because .
A) it will easily get lost B) it’s not clear enough for you to read
C) it’s out of your sight D) it might get mixed up with other things
29 .What do we learn from the last paragraph ?
A)If we focus our attention on one thing,we might forget another .
B)Memory depends to a certain extent on the environment .
C) Repetition helps improve our memory
D)If we keep forgetting things,we’d better return to where we were .
30 .What is the passage mainly about ?
A) The process of gradual memory loss . B) The causes of absent - mindedness .
大
学 C) The impact of the environment on memory . D)A way of encoding and recalling .
英 Passage Three
语
四 Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage .
级 It is hard to track the blue whale , the ocean’s largest creature, which has almost been killed off by commercial whaling
考 and is now listed as an endangered species .Attaching radio devices to it is difficult , and visual sightings are too unreliable to
试
give real insight into its behavior .
历 So biologists were delighted early this year when , with the help of the Navy, they were able to track a particular blue
年 whale for 43 days, monitoring its sounds .This was possible because of the Navy’s formerly top - secret system of underwater
试
题 listening devices spanning the oceans .
详 Tracking whales is but one example of an exciting new world just opening to civilian scientists after the cold war as the
解
Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system built over the decades to track the
ships of potential enemies .
85
Earth scientists announced at a news conference recently that they had used the system for closely monitoring a deep -
sea volcanic eruption(爆发 )for the first time and that they plan similar studies .
Other scientists have proposed to use the network for tracking ocean currents and measuring changes in ocean and global
temperatures .
The speed of sound in water is roughly one mile a second—slower than through land but faster than through air .What is
most important, different layers of ocean water can act as channels for sounds , focusing them in the same way a stethoscope (听
诊器) does when it carries faint noises from a patient’s chest to a doctor’s ear .This focusing is the main reason that even rel-
atively weak sounds in the ocean , especially low - frequency ones, can often travel thousands of miles .
31 .The passage is chiefly about .
A) an effort to protect an endangered marine species
B) the civilian use of a military detection system
C) the exposure of a U .S . Navy top - secret weapon
D) a new way to look into the behavior of blue whales 第
32 .The underwater listening system was originally designed . 一
A) to trace and locate enemy vessels 部
分
B) to monitor deep - sea volcanic eruptions
C) to study the movement of ocean currents
D) to replace the global radio communications network
33 .The deep - sea listening system makes use of .
A) the sophisticated technology of focusing sounds under water
B) the capability of sound to travel at high speed
C) the unique property of layers of ocean water in transmitting sound
D) low - frequency sounds travelling across different layers of water
A)new radio devices should be developed for tracking the endangered blue whales
B) blue whales are no longer endangered with the use of the new listening system
C)opinions differ as to whether civilian scientists should be allowed to use military technology
D) military technology has great potential in civilian use
35 .Which of the following is true about the U .S .Navy underwater listening network ?
A)It is now partly accessible to civilian scientists . 大
B) It has been replaced by a more advanced system . 学
C) It became useless to the military after the cold war . 英
语
D)It is indispensable in protecting endangered species . 四
Passage Four 级
考
试
The fitness movement that began in the late 1960s and early 1970s centered around aerobic exercise(有氧操 ) .Millions of
individuals became engaged in a variety of aerobic activities , and literally thousands of health spas developed around the coun- 历
年
try to capitalize(获利 )on this emerging interest in fitness, particularly aerobic dancing for females .A number of fitness spas
试
existed prior to this aerobic fitness movement , even a national chain with spas in most major cities .However , their focus was not 题
on aerobics, but rather on weight - training programs designed to develop muscular mass, strength , and endurance in their pri- 详
解
marily male enthusiasts .These fitness spas did not seem to benefit financially from the aerobic fitness movement to better
health ,since medical opinion suggested that weight training programs offered few, if any , health benefits .In recent years, how-
86
ever , weight training has again become increasingly popular for males and for females .Many current programs focus not only on
developing muscular strength and endurance but on aerobic fitness as well .
Historically,most physical - fitness tests have usually included measures of muscular strength and endurance, not for
health - related reasons , but primarily because such fitness components have been related to performance in athletics .Howev-
er , in recent years, evidence has shown that training programs designed primarily to improve muscular strength and endurance
might also offer some health benefits as well .The American College of Sports Medicine now recommends that weight training be
part of a total fitness program for healthy Americans . Increased participation in such training is one of the specific physical ac-
tivity and fitness objectives of Healthy People 2000 : National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention and Disense prevention
Objectives .
36 .The word“ spas”(Line 3 , Para .1) most probably refers to .
A) sports activities B) places for physical exercise
C) recreation centers D) athletic training programs
37 .Early fitness spas were intended mainly for .
第 A) the promotion of aerobic exercise
一
部 B) endurance and muscular development
分 C) the improvement of women’s figures
D)better performance in aerobic dancing
38 .What was the attitude of doctors towards weight training in health improvement ?
A) Positive . B) Indifferent . C)Negative . D)Cautious .
39 .People were given physical fitness tests in order to find out .
A)how well they could do in athletics
B)what their health condition was like
C)what kind of fitness center was suitable for them
D)whether they were fit for aerobic exercise
40 .Recent studies have suggested that weight training .
A)has become an essential part of people’s life
B) may well affect the health of the trainees
C)will attract more people in the days to come
D) contributes to health improvement as well
大
学 Directions : There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part .For each sentence there are four choices marked A) , B ) , C) and D) .
英 Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence . Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single
语
四 line through the centre .
级 41 .You would be a risk to let your child go to school by himself .
考 A)omitting B) attaching C) affording D) running
试
42 .He is always here ; it’s you’ve never met him .
历 A)unique B) strange C) rare D) peculiar
年 43 .There has been a great increase in retail sales ,
试
题 A)does there B) isn’t there C) hasn’t there D) isn’t it
详 44 .We’d like to a table for five for dinner this evening .
解
A)preserve B) reserve C) retain D) sustain
45 .Although a teenager , Fred could resist what to do and what not to do .
87
A)being told B) telling C) to be told D) to tell

46 .The European Union countries were once worried that they would not have supplies of petroleum .
A)proficient B) efficient C) potential D) sufficient
47 .In fact, Peter would rather have left for San Francisco than in New York .
A) to stay B) stayed C) staying D) having stayed
48 .He soon received promotion , for his superiors realized that he was a man of considerable .
A) ability B)future C) possibility D) opportunity
49 .Britian has the highest of road traffic in the world—over 60 cars for every mile of road .
A)popularity B) density C) intensity D) prosperity
50 .How is it your roommate’s request and yours are identical ?
A) if B) so C)what D) that
51 .In my opinion , he’s the most imaginative of all the contemporary poets .
A) in all B) at best C)for all D) by far 第
52 .He didn’t have time to read the report word for word : he just it . 一
A) skimmed B)observed C)overlooked D) glanced 部
分
53 .The leader of the expedition everyone to follow his example .
A)promoted B) reinforced C) sparked D) inspired
54 .What a lovely party ! It’s worth all my life .
A)remembering B) to remember C) to be remembered D) being remembered
55 .Who would you rather with you ,George or me ?
A)going B) to go C) have gone D) went
56 .The goal of the book is to help bridge the gap between research and teaching , particularly between researchers and
teachers .
A) intensive B) concise C) joint D) overall
57 .The owner and editor of the newspaper the conference .
A)were attending B)were to attend C) is to attend D) are to attend
58 .We left the meeting , there obviously no point in staying .
A)were B) being C) to be D) having
59 .Their products are frequently overpriced and in quality .
A) influential B) inferior C) superior D) subordinate 大
60 .The neighborhood boys like to play basketball on that lot . 学
A)valid B)vain C)vacant D) vague 英
语
61 .These people once had fame and fortune ; now is left to them is utter poverty . 四
A) all that B) all what C) all which D) that all 级
考
62 .To our ,Geoffrey’s illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared .
试
A) anxiety B) relief C)view D) judgment
63 .Many people like white color as it is a of purity . 历
年
A) symbol B) sign C) signal D) symptom
试
64 .The residents , had been damaged by the fire ,were given help by the Red Cross . 题
A) all of their homes B) all their homes C)whose all homes D) all of whose homes 详
解
65 .This research has attracted wide coverage and has featured on BBC television’s Tomorrow’s World .
A) message B) information C) media D) data
88
66 .I would never have a court of law if I hadn’t been so desperate .

A) sought for B) accounted for C) turned up D) resorted to
67 .Investigators agreed that passengers on the airliner at the very moment of the crash .
A) should have died B) must be dying C) must have died D) ought to die
68 .The energy by the chain reaction is transformed into heat .
A) transferred B) released C) delivered D) conveyed
69 . their work will give us a much better feel for the wide differences between the two schools of thought .
A) To have reviewed B) Having reviewed C) Reviewing D) Being reviewed
70 .During the process , great care has to be taken to protect the silk from damage .
A) sensitive B) tender C) delicate D) sensible
试卷二
第
一 Part Ⅳ Short Answer Questions (15 minutes)
部 Directions: In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements . Read the passage carefully . Then
分
answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words ( not exceeding 10 words) .
As researchers learn more about how children’s intelligence develops, they are increasingly surprised by the power of
parents . The power of the school has been replaced by the home . To begin with , all the factors which are part of intelli-
gence— the child’s understanding of language , learning patterns, curiosity— are established well before the child enters school
at the age of six . Study after study has shown that even after school begins, children’s achievements have been far more influ-
enced by parents than by teachers . This is particularly true about learning that is language - related . The school rather than
the home is given credit for variations in achievement in subjects such as science .
In view of their power , it’s sad to see so many parents not making the most of their child’s intelligence .Until recently
parents had been warned by educators who asked them not to educate their children . Many teachers now realize that children
cannot be educated only at school and parents are being asked to contribute both before and after the child enters school .
Parents have been particularly afraid to teach reading at home . Of course, children shouldn’t be pushed to read by their
parents, but educators have discovered that reading is best taught individually— and the easiest place to do this is at home .
Many four - and five - year - olds who have been shown a few letters and taught their sounds will compose single word of their
own with them even before they have been taught to read .
大
Questions: ( 注意 : 答题尽量简短 , 超过 10 个词要扣分。每个横线限写一个英语单词 , 标点符号不占格。)
学
英 S1 .What have researchers found out about the influence of parents and the school on children’s intelligence ?
语
四
级
考 S2 .What do researchers conclude about children’s learning patterns ?
试
历
年 S3 .In which area may school play a more important role ?
试
题
详
解 S4 .Why did many parents fail to make the most of their children’s intelligence ?
89
S5 .The author suggests in the last paragraph that parents should be encouraged to

Directions: For this part , you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: Student Use of Computers . You
should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below :
第
一
部
分
1 . 上图所示为 1990 年、1995 年、2000 年某校大学生使用计算机的情况 , 请描述其变化 ;

2 . 请说明发生这些变化的原因( 可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明) ;
3 . 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。
Student Use of Computers
大
学
英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
90
试卷一
Section A

第
分 likely to have taken place at the office . Therefore , A)“At the office”is the best answer .You should choose [ A] on the Answer
1 .A ) They are both anxious to try Italian food .

B) They are likely to have dinner together .
C) The man will treat the woman to dinner tonight .
D) The woman refused to have dinner with the man .
2 .A ) It’s only for rent , not for sale . B) It’s not as good as advertised .
C) It’s being redecorated . D) It’s no longer available .
3 .A )Colleagues . B) Husband and wife .
C) Employer and employee . D)Mother and son .
4 .A )She contacts her parents occasionally .
B) She phones her parents regularly at weekends .
C) She visits her parents at weekends when the fares are down .
大
D)She often calls her parents regardless of the rates .
学
英 5 .A ) The next bus is coming soon .
语 B) The bus will wait a few minutes at the stop .
四
级 C) There are only two or three passengers waiting for the bus .
考 D) They can catch this bus without running .
试
6 .A ) The assignment looks easy but actually it’s quite difficult .
历 B) The assignment is too difficult for them to complete on time .
年 C) They cannot finish the assignment until Thursday .
试
题 D) They have plenty of time to work on the assignment .
详 7 .A ) The man will go to meet the woman this evening .
解 B) The man and the woman have an appointment at 7 o’clock .
C) The woman can’t finish making the jam before 7 o’clock .
91
D) The woman won’t be able to see the man this evening .

8 .A )She’s learned a lot from the literature class .
B) She’s written some books about world classics .
C) She’s met some of the world’
s best writers .
D)She’s just back from a trip round the world .
9 .A ) The exam was easier than the previous one .
B) Joe is sure that he will do better in the next exam .
C) Joe probably failed in the exam .
D) The oral part of the exam was easier than the written part .
10 .A)She is tired of driving in heavy traffic .
B) She doesn’t mind it as the road conditions are good .
C) She is unhappy to have to drive such a long way every day .
D)She enjoys it because she’s good at driving . 第
Section B Compound Dictation 一
注意 : 听力理解的 B 节 ( Section B)为复合式听写( Compound Dictation) , 题目在试卷二上 , 现在请取出试卷二。部
分
Passage One
Like many of my generation , I have a weakness for hero worship .At some point , however , we all begin to question our
heroes and our need for them .This leads us to ask “
: What is a hero”?
Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct
and inspire people .
A hero does something worth talking about .A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen .But a
hero goes beyond mere fame .
Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves .Like high - voltage transformers , heroes take tha energy of high-
er powers and step it down so that it can be used by ordinary people .
The hero lives a life worthy of imitation .Those who imitate a genuine hero experience life with new depth , enthusiasm , 大
and meaning .A sure test for would - be heroes is what or whom do they serve ? What are they willing to live and die for ? If 学
the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame , they may be famous persons but not heroes .Madonna and 英
语
Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant ? 四
Heroes are catalysts(催化剂 )for change .They have a vision from the mountaintop .They have the skill and the charm to 级
考
move the masses .They create new possibilities .Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire .Without Rosa
试
Parks and Martin Luther King , Jr ., we might still have segregated (隔离的 ) buses, restaurants , and parks .It may be possible
for largescale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities , but the pace of change would be slow, the vision un- 历
年
certain , and the committee meetings endless .
试
11 .Although heroes may come from different cultures , they . 题
A)generally possess certain inspiring characteristics 详
解
B) probably share some weaknesses of ordinary people
C) are often influenced by previous generations
92
D) all unknowingly attract a large number of fans

12 .According to the passage , heroes are compared to high - voltage transformers in that .
A) they have a vision from the mountaintop
B) they have warm feelings and emotions
C) they can serve as concrete examples of noble principles
D) they can make people feel stronger and more confident
13 .Madonna and Michael Jackson are not considered heroes because .
A) they are popular only among certain groups of people
B) their performances do not improve their fans morally
C) their primary concern is their own financial interests
D) they are not clear about the principles they should follow
14 .Gandhi and Martin Luther King are typical examples of outstanding leaders who .
A) are good at demonstrating their charming characters
第 B) can move the masses with their forceful speeches
一
部 C) are capable of meeting all challenges and hardships
分 D) can provide an answer to the problems of their people
15 .The author concludes that historical changes would .
A)be delayed without leaders with inspiring personal qualities
B) not happen without heroes making the necessary sacrifices
C) take place if there were heroes to lead the people
D)produce leaders with attractive personalities
Passage Two
According to a survey, which was based on the responses of over 188 , 000 students , today’s traditional - age college
“more materialistic and less altruistic( 利他主义的) ”than at any time in the 17 years of the poll .
freshmen are
“ is to be financially well off . Less important than ever is
Not surprising in these hard times, the student’s major objective
developing a meaningful philosophy of life .”It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but
accounting .
Interest in teaching , social service and the“ altruistic”fields is at a low .On the other hand , enrollment in business pro-
grams , engineering and computer science is way up .
大
学 That’s no surprise either .A friend of mine( a sales representative for a chemical company)was making twice the salary of
英 her college instructors her first year on the job— even before she completed her two - year associate degree .
语
四 While it’s true that we all need a career , it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of
级 knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions—be they
考 scientific or artistic .It is equally true that , in studying the diverse wisdom of others,we learn how to think .More important, per-
试
haps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs .
历 Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business .No company ;
年 no job .How shortsighted in the long run !
试
题 But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages ,we improve
详 our moral sense .I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference
解
table ; one of them is talking on the intercom(对讲机 ) “Miss
: Baxter , ”he says,“could you please send in someone who can
distinguish right from wrong ?”
93
From the long - term point of view, that’s what education really ought to be about .
16 .According to the author’s observation , college students .
A)have never been so materialistic as today
B) have never been so interested in the arts
C) have never been so financially well off as today
D)have never attached so much importance to moral sense
17 .The students’criteria for selecting majors today have much to do with .
A) the influences of their instructors
B) the financial goals they seek in life
C) their own interpretations of the courses
D) their understanding of the contributions of others
“While it’s true that . . . be they scientific or artistic”( Lines 1 - 3 , Para .5 ) , the author means that
18 .By saying .
A)business management should be included in educational programs 第
B) human wisdom has accumulated at an extraordinarily high speed 一
C) human intellectual development has reached new heights 部
分
D) the importance of a broad education should not be overlooked
19 .Studying the diverse wisdom of others can .
A) create varying artistic interests
B) help people see things in their right perspective
C) help improve connections among people
D)regulate the behavior of modern prople
20 .Which of the following statements is true according to the passage ?
A)Businessmen absorbed in their career are narrow - minded .
B)Managers often find it hard to tell right from wrong .
C) People engaged in technical jobs lead a more rewarding life .
D)Career seekers should not focus on immediate interests only .
Passage Three
New technology links the world as never before .Our planet has shrunk .It’s now “global
a village”
where countries are on-
ly seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link .And , of course , our ability to benefit from this high - tech communications e- 大
quipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills . 学
Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern business people who have a growing respect for the eco- 英
语
nomic value of doing business abroad .In modern markets, success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts . 四
Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks .The executive stationed 级
考
“ out of sight and out of mind .”He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is
in another country no longer need fear being
试
central to the company’s plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad .If an employee
can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the 历
年
United States where cross - cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent ( 普遍
试
的) . 题
Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications , even small businesses in 详
解
the United States are able to get into international markets .
English is still the international language of business .But there is an ever - growing need for people who can speak an-
94
other language .A second language isn’t generally required to get a job in business , but having language skills gives a candi-
date the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal .
The employee posted abroad who speaks the country’s principal language has an opportunity to fast - forward certain ne-
gotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly .The employee at the home office
who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm .
21 .What is the author’s attitude toward high - tech communications equipment ?
A)Critical . B) Prejudiced .
C) Indifferent . D) Positive .
22 .With the increased use of high - tech communications equipment , businesspeople .
A)have to get familiar with modern technology
B) are gaining more economic benefits from domestic operations
C) are attaching more importance to their overseas business
D) are eager to work overseas
第 23 .In this passage,“out of sight and out of mind”( Line 2 ,Para .3) probably means .
一
部 A)being unable to think properly for lack of insight
分 B) being totally out of touch with business at home
C) missing opportunities for promotion when abroad
D) leaving all care and worry behind
24 .According to the passage ,what is an important consideration of international corporations in employing people today ?
A)Connections with businesses overseas .
B) Ability to speak the client’s language .
C) Technical know - how .
D)Business experience .
25 .The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can .
A)better control the whole negotiation process
B) easily find new approaches to meet market needs
C)fast - forward their proposals to headquarters
D) easily make friends with businesspeople abroad
Passage Four
大
学 In recent years , Israeli consumers have grown more demanding as they’ve become wealthier and more worldlywise .For-
英 eign travel is a national passion ; this summer alone, one in 10 citizens will go abroad .Exposed to higher standards of service
语
四 else where , Israelis are returning home expecting the same .American firms have also begun arriving in large numbers .Chains
级 such as KFC ,McDonald’s and Pizza Hut are setting a new standard of customer service , using strict employee training and
考 constant monitoring to ensure the friendliness of frontline staff .Even the American habit of telling departing customers to“ Have
试
a nice day”has caught on all over Israel“Nobody
. wakes up in the morning and says ‘Let’
, s be nicer , ’”Says Itsik Cohen , di-
历 rector of a consulting firm“Nothing
. happens without competition .”
年 Privatization , or the threat of it , is a motivation as well . Monopolies ( 垄断者 ) that until recently have been free to take
试
题 their customers for granted now fear what Michael Perry , a marketing professor , calls“ the revengeful ( 报复的 ) consumer”.
详 When the government opened up competition with Bezaq , the phone company , its international branch lost 40% of its market
解
share , even while offering competitive rates .Says Perry“People
, wanted revenge for all the years of bad service .”The electric
company,whose monopoly may be short - lived , has suddenly stopped requiring users to wait half a day for a repairman .Now,
95
appointments are scheduled to the half - hour .The graceless E1 A1 Airlines ,which is already at auction( 拍卖) , has retrained
its employees to emphasize service and is boasting about the results in an ad campaign with the slogan “
, You can feel the
change in the air .”For the first time , praise outnumbers complaints on customer survey sheets .
26 .It may be inferred from the passage that .
A) customer service in Israel is now improving
B)wealthy Israeli customers are hard to please
C) the tourist industry has brought chain stores to Israel
D)Israeli customers prefer foreign products to domestic ones
27 .In the author’s view, higher service standards are impossible in Israel .
A) if customer complaints go unnoticed by the management
B) unless foreign companies are introduced in greater numbers
C) if there’s no competition among companies
D)without strict routine training of employees 第
28 .If someone in Israel today needs a repairman in case of a power failure , . 一
A) they can have it fixed in no time 部
分
B) it’s no longer necessary to make an appointment
C) the appointment takes only half a day to make
D) they only have to wait half an hour at most
29 .The example of E1 A1 Airlines shows that .
A)revengeful customers are a threat to the monopoly of enterprises
B) an ad campaign is a way out for enterprises in financial difficulty
C) a good slogan has great potential for improving service
D) staff retraining is essential for better service
30 .Why did Bezaq’s international branch lose 40% of its market share ?
A)Because the rates it offered were not competitive enough .
B)Because customers were dissatisfied with its past service .
C)Becuase the service offered by its competitors was far better .
D)Because it no longer received any support from the government .
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part . For each sentence there are four choices marked A) , B ) , C) and 大
D) . Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence .Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a sin- 学
gle line through the centre . 英
语
31 .Such crimes may be so complex that months or years go by before anyone them . 四
A)discovered B)will discover C)would have discovered D) discovers 级
考
32 .Though in a big city ,Peter always prefers to paint the primitive scenes of country life .
试
A)grown B) raised C) tended D) cultivated
33 .The careless man received a ticket for speeding . He have driven so fast . 历
年
A) can’t B)wouldn’t C) shouldn’t D) mustn’t
试
34 .If people feel hopeless, they don’t bother to the skills they need to succeed . 题
A) adopt B) acquire C) accumulate D) assemble 详
解
35 .If I harder at school, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now .
A)worked B)were to work C)had worked D)were working
96
36 .The shop assistant was dismissed as she was of cheating customers .

A) accused B) charged C) scolded D) cursed
37 .All her energies are upon her children and she seems to have little time for anything else .
A)guided B) aimed C)directed D)focused
38 .While crossing the mountain area , all the men carried guns lest they by wild animals .
A) should be attacked B) had been attacked C) must be attacked D)would be attacked
39 .Everyone should be to a decent standard of living and an opportunity to be educated .
A) attributed B) entitled C) identified D) justified
40 .His wife is constantly finding with him ,which makes him very angry .
A) errors B) shortcomings C)fault D)flaw
41 .Vitamins are complex that the body requires in very small amounts .
A) matters B) materials C)particles D) substances
42 .Apart from caring for her children , she has to take on such heavy housework as carrying water and fireword .
第 A) time - consumed B) timely - consumed
一
部 C) time - consuming D) timely - consuming
分 43 .Anna was reading a piece of science fiction , completely to the outside world .
A)having been lost B) to be lost C) losing D) lost
44 .The police are trying to find out the of the woman killed in the traffic accident .
A) evidence B) recognition C) status D) identity
45 .All human beings have a comfortable zone regulating the they keep from someone they talk with .
A)distance B) scope C)range D) boundary
46 .We have planned an exciting publicity with our advertisers .
A) struggle B) campaign C)battle D) conflict
47 . the help of their group ,we would not have succeeded in the investigation .
A)Besides B) Regardless of C)But for D) Despite
48 . much is known about what occurs during sleep , the precise function of sleep and its different stages remains largely
in the realm of assumption .
A)Because B) For C)Since D) While
49 .John doesn’t believe in medicine; he has some remedies of his own .
A) standard B) regular C)routine D) conventional
大
学 50 .Owing to competition among the airlines , travel expenses have been reduced considerably .
英 A)fierce B) strained C) eager D) critical
语
四 51 .They always give the vacant seats to comes first .
级 A)whoever B)whomever C)who D)whom
考 52 .In Africa , educational costs are very low for those who are enough to get into universities .
试
A) ambitious B)fortunate C) aggressive D) substantial
历 53 .Professor Wang , for his informative lectures ,was warmly received by his students .
年 A)knowing B) known C) to be known D) having known
试
题 54 .Our manager is an important customer now and he will be back this afternoon .
详 A) calling on B) calling in C) calling up D) calling for
解
55 .A fire engine must have priority as it usually has to deal with some kind of .
A)precaution B) crisis C) emergency D) urgency
97
56 .He said that the driver must have had an accident ; otherwise he by then .
A)would have arrived B) must have arrived C) should arrive D)would arrive
57 .The film provides a deep into a wide range of human qualities and feelings .
A) insight B) imagination C)fancy D)outlook
58 .It is high time that such practices .
A) are ended B) be ended C)were ended D) must be ended
59 .Urban crowdedness would be greatly relieved if only the charged on public transport were more reasonable .
A)fees B)fares C)payments D) costs
60 .The doctor had almost lost hope at one point, but the patient finally .
A)pulled out B) pulled through C)pulled up D) pulled over

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage .For each blank there are four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) on 第
the right side of the paper .You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage .Then mark the corresponding letter on the 一
Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre . 部
分
A language is a signaling system which operates with symbolic vocal sounds(语声 ) , and which is used by a group of peo-
ple for the purpose of communication .
Let’s look at this 61 in more detail because it is language , more than anything else, 62 distinguishes man from
the rest of the 63 world .
Other animals, it is true , communicate with one another by 64 of cries: for example, many birds utter 65 calls at
the approach of danger ; monkeys utter 66 cries, such as expressions of anger , fear and pleasure . 67 these various
means of communication differ in important ways 68 human language .For instance , animals’cries do not 69 thoughts
and feelings clearly .This means, basically , that they lack structure .They lack the kind of structure that 70 us to divide a
human utterance into 71 .
We can change an utterance by 72 one word in it with 73 : a good illustration of this is a soldier who can say , e .
g .,“ tanks approaching from the north”, 74 who can change one word and say“ aircraft approaching from the north”or
“tanks approaching from the west”; but a bird has a single alarm cry , 75 “danger !”
means
This is why the number of 76 that an animal can make is very limited : the great tit (山雀 ) is a case 77 point ; it
has about twenty different calls , 78 in human language the number of possible utterances is 79 .It also explains why
animal cries are very 80 in meaning . 大
61 .A) classification B) definition C)function D) perception 学
62 .A) that B) it C) as D)what 英
语
63 .A)native B) human C)physical D) animal 四
64 .A)ways B) means C) methods D) approaches 级
考
65 .A) mating B) exciting C)warning D) boring
试
66 .A) identical B) similar C)different D) unfamiliar
67 .A)But B) Therefore C)Afterwards D) Furthermore 历
年
68 .A) about B)with C)from D) in
试
69 .A) infer B) explain C) interpret D) express 题
70 .A) encourages B) enables C) enforces D) ensures 详
解
71 .A) speeches B) sounds C)words D)voices
72 .A)replacing B) spelling C)pronouncing D) saying
98
73 .A)ours B) theirs C) another D)others

74 .A) so B) and C)but D)or
75 .A) this B) that C)which D) it
76 .A) signs B)gestures C) signals D) marks
77 .A) in B) at C)of D)for
78 .A)whereas B) since C) anyhow D) somehow
79 .A)boundless B) changeable C) limitless D) ceaseless
80 .A)ordinary B) alike C) common D)general
试卷二
Part Ⅰ Section B Compound Dictation
Directions: In this section , you will hear a passage three times . When the pasage is read for the first time, you should listen
第
carefully for its general idea .When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from
一
部 S1 to S7 with the exact words you have just heard .For blanks numbered from S8 to S10 you are required to fill in the missing
分 information .You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words .Finally ,
when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written .
It’s difficult to imagine the sea ever running out of fish .It’s so vast , so deep , so( S1) .Unfortunately , it’s not
bottomless .Overfishing, (S2) with destructive fishing practices , is killing off the fish and (S3) their envi-
ronment .
Destroy the fish , and you destroy the fishermen’s means of living .At least 60(S4) of the world’s commercially
important fish( S5 ) are already over - fished , or fished to the limit .As a result , governments have had to close down
some areas of sea to commercial fishing .
Big , high - tech fleets (S6) that everything in their path is pulled out of water .Anything too small, or the wrong
thing, is thrown back either dead or dying .That’s an ( S7) of more than 20 million metric tons every year .
( S8) .
In some parts of the world , for every kilogram of prawns( 对虾) caught , up to 15 kilograms of unsuspecting fish and other
marine wildife die ,simply for being in the wrong place at the wrong time .
True , ( S9) , before every ocean becomes a dead sea .
(S10) , then catch them in a way that doesn’t kill other innocent
sea life .
大
学 Part Ⅴ Wrting (30 minutes)
英 Directions: For this part , you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: It pays to Be Honest .You should
语 write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese :
四
1 .当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象
级
考 2 .诚实利人利己 , 做人应该诚实
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
99
试卷一
Section A

部
likely to have taken place at the office . Therefore ,A)“ At the office”is the best answer .You should choose [A] on the An-
swer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre . Sample Answer [A ] [ B] [ C] [ D ]
1 .A )At a theatre . B)At a booking office .

C) At a railway station . D) At a restaurant .
2 .A ) The man is inviting the woman to dinner .
B) The woman is too busy to join the man for dinner .
C) The woman is a friend of the Stevensons .
D) The man is going to visit the Stevensons .
3 .A ) The professor’s presentation was not convincing enough .
B) The professor’s lecture notes were too complicated .
C) The professor spoke with a strong accent .
D) The professor spoke too fast .
4 .A ) The furnished apartment was inexpensive .
B) The apartment was provided with some old furniture .
大
C) The furniture in the market was on sale every Sunday . 学
D) The furniture he bought was very cheap . 英
语
5 .A ) The man is thinking about taking a new job .
四
B) The man likes a job that enables him to travel . 级
C) The man is sure that he will gain more by taking the job . 考
试
D) The man doesn’t want to stay at home and take care of their child .
6 .A ) Take the GRE test again in 8 weeks . B)Call to check his scores . 历
C) Be patient and wait . D) Inquire when the test scores are released . 年
试
7 .A )She read it selectively . B)She went over it chapter by chapter . 题
C) She read it slowly . D) She finished it at a stretch . 详
解
8 .A ) He was kept in hospital for a long time .
B) He was slightly injured in a traffic accident .
100
C) He was seriously wounded in a mine explosion .

D) He was fined for speeding .
9 .A ) Wait for a taxi . B)Buy some food .
C) Go on a trip . D)Book train tickets .
10 .A)It’s not as hard as expected .
B) It’s too tough for some students .
C) It’s much more difficult than people think .
D)It’s believed to be the hardest optional course .
Section B
tre .
第 Passage One
一
部 Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard .
分 11 .A)Anxious and worried . B) Proud and excited .
C) Nervous and confused . D) Inspired and confident .
12 .A) His father scolded him severely . B)His father took back the six dollars .
C) His father made him do the cutting again . D) His father cut the leaves himself .
13 .A)One can benefit a lot from working with his father .
B)Manual labourers shouldn’t be looked down upon .
C) One should always do his job earnestly .
D) Teenagers tend to be careless .
Passage Two
14 .A) He ran a village shop . B)He worked on a farm .
C) He worked in an advertising agency . D) He was a gardener .
15 .A)It was stressful . B)It was colorful .
C) It was peaceful . D) It was boring .
16 .A) His desire to start his own business . B) The crisis in his family life .
大
学 C) The decline in his health . D) His dream of living in the countryside .
英 Passage Three
语
四 Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard .
级 17 .A)Because there are no signs to direct them .
考 B)Because no tour guides are available .
试
C)Because all the buildings in the city look alike .
历 D)Because the university is everywhere in the city .
年 18 .A) They set their own exams . B) They select their own students .
试
题 C) They award their own degrees . D) They organize their own laboratory work .
详 19 .A)Most of them have a long history .
解
B)Many of them are specialized libraries .
C) They house more books than any other university library .
101
D) They each have a copy of every book published in Britain .

20 .A)Very few of them are engaged in research .
B) They were not awarded degrees until 1948 .
C) They have outnumbered male students .
D) They were not treated equally until 1881 .
Passage One
On average, American kids ages 3 to 12 spent 29 hours a week in school , eight hours more than they did in 1981 .They
also did more household work and participated in more of such organized activities as soccer and ballet (芭蕾舞 ) .Involvement 第
in sports , in particular , rose almost 50 % from 1981 to 1997 : boys now spend an average of four hours a week playing sports ; 一
girls log half that time .All in all , however , children’s leisure time dropped from 40% of the day in 1981 to 25% . 部
分
“Children are affected by the same time crunch(危机 ) that affects their parents , ”says Sandra Hofferth , who headed the
recent study of children’s timetable .A chief reason , she says, is that more mothers are working outside the home .( Neverthe-
less , children in both double - income and“male breadwinner”households spent comparable amounts of time interacting with
their parents , 19 hours and 22 hours respectively .In contrast, children spent only 9 hours with their single mothers .)
All work and no play could make for some very messed - up kids “Play
. is the most powerful way a child explores the
world and learns about himself , ”says T .Berry Brazelton , professor at Harvard Medical School .Unstructured play encourages
independent thinking and allows the young to negotiate their relationships with their peers , but kids ages 3 to 12 spent only 12
hours a week engaged in it .
“ free time”
The children sampled spent a quarter of their rapidly decreasing watching television .But that , believe it or not ,
was one of the findings parents might regard as good news .If they’re spending less time in front of the TV set , however , kids
aren’t replacing it with reading .Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books , the children spent just over an hour a
week reading .Let’s face it ,who’s got the time ?
“ the same time crunch”( Line 1 ,Para .2) Sandra Hofferth means
21 .By mentioning .
A) children have little time to play with their parents
B) children are not taken good care of by their working parents 大
C) both parents and children suffer from lack of leisure time 学
D)both parents and children have trouble managing their time 英
语
22 .According to the author , the reason given by Sandra Hofferth for the time crunch is . 四
A)quite convincing B)partially true 级
考
C) totally groundless D) rather confusing
试
23 .According to the author a child develops better if .
A)he has plenty of time reading and studying 历
年
B) he is left to play with his peers in his own way
试
C) he has more time participating in school activities 题
D)he is free to interact with his working parents 详
解
24 .The author is concerned about the fact that American kids .
A) are engaged in more and more structured activities
102
B) are increasingly neglected by their working mothers

C) are spending more and more time watching TV
D) are involved less and less in household work
25 .We can infer from the passage that .
A) extracurricular activities promote children’s intelligence
B) most children will turn to reading with TV sets switched off
C) efforts to get kids interested in reading have been fruitful
D) most parents believe reading to be beneficial to children
Passage Two
Henry Ford , the famous U .S .inventor and car manufacturer , once said“The
, business of America is business .”
By this he
meant that the U .S .way of life is based on the values of the business world .
Few would argue with Ford’s statement .A brief glimpse at a daily newspaper vividly shows how many people in the Unit-
第 ed States think about business .For example , nearly every newspaper has a business section , in which the deals and projects, fi-
一
部 nances and management ,stock prices and labor problems of corporations are reported daily .In addition , business news can ap-
分 pear in every other section .Most national news has an important financial aspect to it .Welfare , foreign aid , the federal budget ,
and the policies of the Federal Reserve Bank are all heavily affected by business .Moreover , business news appears in some of
the unlikeliest places .The world of arts and entertainment is often referred to as“ the entertainment industry”or“ show busi-
ness”.
The positive side of Henry Ford’s statement can be seen in the prosperity that business has brought to U .S .life .One of
the most important reasons so many people from all over the world come to live in the United States is the dream of a better
job .Jobs are produced in abundance (大量地 )because the U .S .economic system is driven by competition .People believe that
this system creates more wealth ,more jobs , and a materially better way of life .
The negative side of Henry Ford’s statement, however , can be seen when the word business is taken to mean big busi-
ness .And the term big business— referring to the biggest companies , is seen in opposition to labor .Throughout U .S .history
working people have had to fight hard for higher wages , better working conditions, and the right to form unions .Today , many of
the old labor disputes are over , but there is still some employee anxiety .Downsizing— the laying off of thousands of workers to
keep expenses low and profits high—creates feelings of insecurity for many .
26 .The United States is a typical country .
A)which encourages free trade at home and abroad
大
学 B)where people’s chief concern is how to make money
英 C)where all businesses are managed scientifically
语
四 D)which normally works according to the federal budget
级 27 .The influence of business in the U .S .is evidenced by the fact that .
考 A) most newspapers are run by big businesses
试
B) even public organizations concentrate on working for profits
历 C) Americans of all professions know how to do business
年 D) even arts and entertainment are regarded as business
试
题 28 .According to the passage , immigrants choose to settle in the U .S ., dreaming that .
详 A) they can start profitable businesses there
解
B) they can be more competitive in business
C) they will make a fortune overnight there
103
D) they will find better chances of employment

29 .Henry Ford’s statement can be taken negatively because .
A)working people are discouraged to fight for their rights
B) there are many industries controlled by a few big capitalists
C) there is a conflicting relationship between big corporations and labor
D)public services are not run by the federal government
30 .A company’s efforts to keep expenses low and profits high may result in .
A)reduction in the number of employees
B) improvement of working conditions
C)fewer disputes between labor and management
D) a rise in workers’wages
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage . 第
Professor Smith recently persuaded 35 people , 23 of them women , to keep a diary of all their absent - minded actions for 一
a fortnight .When he came to analyse their embarrassing lapses( 差错) in a scientific report , he was surprised to find that nearly 部
分
all of them fell into a few groupings .Nor did the lapses appear to be entirely random( 随机的 ) .
One of the women , for instance , on leaving her house for work one morning threw her dog her earrings and tried to fix a
dog biscuit on her ear “
. The explanation for this is that the brain is like a computer , ”explains the professor “
, People pro-
gramme themselves to do certain activities regularly .It was the woman’s custom every morning to throw her dog two biscuits
and then put on her earrings .But somehow the action got reversed in the programme .”
About one in twenty of the incidents the
“programme assembly failures”.
volunteers reported were these
Altogether the volunteers logged 433 unintentional actions that they found themselves doing— an average of twelve each .
There appear to be peak periods in the day when we are at our zaniest( 荒谬可笑的) .These are two hours some time between
eight a .m .and noon , between four and six p .m .with a smaller peak between eight and ten p .m“Among
. men the peak seems
to be when a changeover in brain‘ programmes’occurs , as for instance between going to and from work .”Women on average re-
ported slightly more lapses—12 .5 compared with 10 .9 for men—probably because they were more reliable reporters .
A startling finding of the research is that the absent - minded activity is a hazard of doing things in which we are skilled .
Normally, you would expect that skill reduces the number of errors we make .But trying to avoid silly slips by concentrating
more could make things a lot worse—even dangerous .
31 .In his study Professor Smith asked the subjects . 大
A) to keep track of people who tend to forget things 学
B) to report their embarrassing lapses at random 英
语
C) to analyse their awkward experiences scientifically 四
D) to keep a record of what they did unintentionally 级
考
32 .Professor Smith discovered that .
试
A) certain patterns can be identified in the recorded incidents
B) many people were too embarrassed to admit their absent - mindedness 历
年
C) men tend to be more absent - minded than women
试
D) absent - mindedness is an excusable human weakness 题
33 “Programme
. assembly failures”( Line 5 , Para .2)refers to the phenomenon that people . 详
解
A)often fail to programme their routines beforehand
B) tend to make mistakes when they are in a hurry
104
C) unconsciously change the sequence of doing things

D) are likely to mess things up if they are too tired
34 .We learn from the third paragraph that .
A) absent - mindedness tends to occur during certain hours of the day
B)women are very careful to perform actions during peak periods
C)women experience more peak periods of absent - mindedness
D) men’s absent - mindedness often results in funny situations
35 .It can be concluded from the passage that .
A)people should avoid doing important things during peak periods of lapses
B) hazards can be avoided when people do things they are good at
C) people should be careful when programming their actions
D) lapses cannot always be attributed to lack of concentration
Passage Four
第 Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage .
一
部 It’s no secret that many children would be healthier and happier with adoptive parents than with the parents that nature
分 dealt them .That’s especially true of children who remain in abusive homes because the law blindly favors biological parents .
It’s also true of children who suffer for years in foster homes( 收养孩子的家庭 ) because of parents who can’t or won’t care
for them but refuse to give up custody ( 监护 ) rights .
Fourteen - year - old Kimberly Mays fits neither description , but her recent court victory could eventually help children
who do .Kimberly has been the object of an angry custody battle between the man who raised her and her biological parents ,
with whom she has never lived .A Florida judge ruled that the teenager can remain with the only father she’s ever known and
“no legal claim”on her .
that her biological parents have
The ruling , though it may yet be reversed , sets aside the principle that biology is the primary determinant of parentage .
That’
s an important development , one that’s long overdue .
Shortly after birth in December 1978 ,Kimberly Mays and another infant were mistakenly switched and sent home with the
wrong parents .Kimberly’s biological parents, Ernest and Regina Twigg , received a child who died of a heart disease in 1998 .
Medical tests showed that the child wasn’t the Twiggs’own daughter , but Kimberly was , thus sparking a custody battle with
Robert Mays .In 1989 , the two families agreed that Mr .Mays would maintain custody with the Twiggs getting visiting rights .
Those rights were ended when Mr .Mays decided that Kimberly was being harmed .
The decision to leave Kimberly with Mr .Mays rendered her suit debated .But the judge made clear that Kimberly did have
大
学 standing to sue( 起诉) on her own behalf .Thus he made clear that she was more than just property to be handled as adults saw
英 fit .
语
四 Certainly , the biological link between parent and child is fundamental .But biological parents aren’t always preferable to
级 adoptive ones , and biological parentage does not convey an absolute ownership that cancels all the rights of children .
考 36 .What was the primary consideration in the Florida judge’s ruling ?
试
A) The biological link . B) The child’s benefits .
历 C) The traditional practice . D) The parents’feelings .
年 37 .We can learn from the Kimberly case that .
试
题 A) children are more than just personal possessions of their parents
详 B) the biological link between parent and child should be emphasized
解
C)foster homes bring children more pain and suffering than care
D)biological parents shouldn’t claim custody rights after their child is adopted
105
38 .The Twiggs claimed custody rights to Kimberly because .

A) they found her unhappy in Mr .Mays’custody
B) they regarded her as their property
C) they were her biological parents
D) they felt guilty about their past mistake
39 .Kimberly had been given to Mr .Mays .
A)by sheer accident B)out of charity
C) at his request D)for better care
40 .The author’s attitude towards the judge’s ruling could be described as .
A)doubtful B) critical C) cautious D) supportive

Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part . For each sentence there are four choices marked A) , B ) , C) and 第
D) . Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence .Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a sin- 一
gle line through the centre . 部
分
41 .She her trip to New York because she was ill .
A) called off B) closed down C)put up D) went off
42 . the storm , the ship would have reached its destination on time .
A)But for B)In case of C)In spite of D) Because of
43 .We should concentrate on sharply reducing interest rates to pull the economy out of .
A)rejection B)restriction C)retreat D) recession
44 .The of finding gold in California attracted a lot of people to settle down there .
A)prospects B)speculations C) stakes D) provisions
45 .I suffered from mental because of stress from my job .
A)damage B)release C)relief D) fatigue
46 .The rest of the day was entirely at his for reading or recreation .
A)dismissal B)survival C)disposal D) arrival
47 .You will not be about your food in time of great hunger .
A) special B)particular C)peculiar D) specific
48 .Crime is increasing worldwide , and there is every reason to believe the will continue into the next decade . 大
A) emergency B) trend C)pace D) schedule 学
49 .You shouldn’t have written in the since the book belongs to the library . 英
语
A) interval B)border C) margin D) edge 四
50 .The of airplane engines announced a coming air raid . 级
考
A)roar B) exclamation C)whistle D) scream
试
51 .This ticket you to a free boat tour on the lake .
A) entitles B) appoints C)grants D) credits 历
年
52 .This is the nurse who to me when I was ill in hospital .
试
A) accompanied B) attended C) entertained D) shielded 题
53 .I was about to a match when I remembered Tom’s warning . 详
解
A)rub B)hit C) scrape D) strike
54 .The advertisement says this material doesn’t in the wash , but it has .
106
A) contract B)shrink C) slim D) dissolve

55 .He was proud of being chosen to participate in the game and he us that he would try as hard as possible .
A) insured B)guaranteed C) assumed D) assured
56 .Not only the professionals but also the amateurs will from the new training facilities .
A)derive B) acquire C)benefit D) reward
57 .The work was almost complete when we received orders to no further with it .
A)progress B)proceed C) march D) promote
58 .I waited for him half an hour , but he never .
A) turned in B) turned down C) turned off D) turned up
59 .A house with a dangerous gas can be broken into immediately .
A) leak B)split C) mess D) crack
60 .A dark suit is to a light one for evening wear .
A)favourable B)suitable C)preferable D) proper
第
一 61 .It was in the United States that I made the of Professor Jones .
部 A) acknowledgement B) acquaintance C)recognition D) association
分 62 .Could you take a sheet of paper and write your name at the top ?
A)bare B)vacant C)hollow D) blank
63 .A culture in which the citizens share similar religious beliefs and values is more likely to have laws that represent the wish-
es of its people than is a culture where citizens come from backgrouds .
A) extensive B) influential C)diverse D) identical
64 .Areas where students have particular difficulty have been treated particular care .
A)by B) in C)under D) with
65 .He gave a to handle the affairs in a friendly manner .
A)pledge B)mission C)plunge D) motion
66 .Don’t let the child play with scissors he cuts himself .
A) in case B)so that C)now that D) only if
67 . the danger from enemy action , people had to cope with a severe shortage of food , clothing , fuel , and almost every-
thing .
A)As far as B)As long as C)As well as D) As soon as
大 68 .Many people lost their jobs during the business .
学
英 A)desperation B)decrease C)despair D) depression
语 69 .Whenever a big company a small one , the product almost always gets worse .
四 A)gets on with B) cuts down C) takes over D) puts up with
级
考 70 .Mr .Smith was the only witness who said that the fire was .
试 A) mature B)deliberate C) meaningful D) innocent
历
年
试
试卷二
题
详 Part Ⅳ Short Answer Questions (15 minutes)
解 Directions: In this part there is a short passage with 8 questions or incomplete statements . Read the passage carefully .Then an-
swer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words . Write your answers in the spaces provided on the right of
107
the page .
What personal qualities are desirable in a teacher ? I think the following would be generally accepted .
First , the teacher’s personality should be lively and attractive .This does not rule out people who are plain - looking , or
even ugly , because many such people have great personal charm .However it does rule out such types as the over - excitable ,
sad , cold , and frustrated .
Secondly , it is not merely desirable but essential for a teacher to have a genuine capacity for sympathy, a capacity to un-
derstand the minds and feelings of other people, especially, since most teachers are school teachers, the minds and feelings of
children .Closely related with this is the capacity to be tolerant—not , indeed , of what is wrong, but of the weaknesses and im-
maturity of human nature which induce(诱导 ) people, and again especially children , to make mistakes .
Thirdly, I hold it essential for a teacher to be both intellectually and morally honest .This means that he will be aware of
his intellectual strengths and limitations , and will have thought about and decided upon the moral principles by which his life
shall be guided .There is no contradiction in my going on to say that a teacher should be a bit of an actor .That is part of the
technique of teaching ,which demands that every now and then a teacher should be able to put on an act— to enliven( 使生动) 第
a lesson , correct a fault , or award praise .Children , especially young children , live in a world that is rather larger than life . 一
A teacher must be capable of infinite patience .This, I may say , is largely a matter of self - discipline and self - training , 部
分
for we are none of us born like that .
Finally , I think a teacher should have the kind of mind which always wants to go on learning .Teaching is a job at which
one will never be perfect; there is always something more to learn about it .There are three principal objects of study : the sub-
jects which the teacher is teaching; the methods by which the subjects can best be taught to the particular pupils in the classes
he is teaching ; and—by far the most important—the children , young people, or adults to whom the subjects are to be taught .
The two fundamental principles of British education today are that education is education of the whole person , and that it is best
acquired through full and active cooperation between two persons, the teacher and the learner .
S1 .Plain - looking teachers can also be admired by their S1 .
students if they have S1 .
S2 .The author says it is S2 that teachers be sympathetic S2 .
with their students .
S3 .A teacher should be tolerant because humans tend S3 .(1)
to have S3(1) and to be S3( 2) . ( 2)
S4 .A teacher who is S4 will be able to make his S4 .
lessons more lively . 大
S5 .How can a teacher acquire infinite patience ? 学
S5 . S5 . 英
语
S6 .Since teaching is a job no one can be perfect at, it is 四
necessary for teachers to keep improving their 级
考
knowledge of the subjects they teach and their S6 .
试
S6 .
S7 .Teachers’most important object of study is S7 . S7 . 历
年
S8 .Education cannot be best acquired without S8 S8 .
试
between the teacher and the learner . 题
详
解
Directions: For this part , you are allowed thirty minutes to write an eye - witness account of a traffic accident .You should write
108
at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese .

假设你在某日某时某地目击一起车祸 , 就此写一份见证书。见证书须包括以下几点 :
1 .车祸发生的时间及地点
2 .你所见到的车祸情况
3 .你对车祸原因的分析
An Eye - Witness Account of a Traffic Accident
第
一
部
分
大
学
英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
109
试卷一
Section A
Directions: In this section , you will hear 10 short conversations . At the end of each conversation , a question will be asked
about what was said . Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once . After each question there will be a pause .
During the pause , you must read the four choices marked A) , B ) , C) and D) , and decide which is the best answer . Then
mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre .

部
From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening . This conver- 分
sation is most likely to have taken place at the office . Therefore, A)“ At the office”is the best answer .You should choose [ A ]
on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre . Sample Answer [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D ]
1 .A )Give Bob a phone call . B)Go and pick Bob up .

C) Go look for Bob . D) Wait for Bob .
2 .A )She is working in the city . B) Life in the suburbs is lonely .
C) Jobs are easier to find in the city . D) It’s less expensive living in the city .
3 .A ) In a printing shop . B)At a publishing house .
C) At a bookstore . D) In a library .
4 .A ) The woman be more careful next time . B) They try to think of a solution .
C) The woman find a spare key . D) They come downstairs .
5 .A )Sending an e - mail . B) Working in an office .
C) Talking on the phone . D) Doing spelling practice .
6 .A )Buy something for the picnic . B)Go for a ride around town .
C) Go shopping with the man . D) Have a picnic .
大
7 .A ) The woman misplaced her class permit for biology . 学
B) The woman arrived for registration too early . 英
语
C) The woman missed registration for the biology course .
四
D) The woman got a wrong class permit . 级
8 .A ) The woman likes the weather in New York very much . 考
试
B) The woman will stay in New York a long time .
C) The man is planning to visit New York . 历
D) It’s quite cold in New York now . 年
试
9 .A ) The old lady sitting next to the couple likes toys very much . 题
B) An old lady took the couple’s suitcase for her own . 详
解
C) The couple’s suitcase was stolen in the restaurant .
D) The man forgot to put the toys in their suitcase .
110
10 .A)She’s flying to Hong Kong . B) She’s going to buy an air ticket .

C) She’s going to say good - bye to Bill . D) She’s leaving for Hong Kong with Bill .
Section B
Directions: In this section , you will hear 3 short passages . At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions . Both
the passage and the questions will be spoken only once . After you hear a question , you must choose the best answer from the four
choices marked A) , B ) , C) and D) . Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the cen-
tre .
Passage One
11 .A) They employ only retired workers . B) They each do jobs they are good at .
C) They close the hotel during low seasons . D) They employ as few workers as possible .
12 .A)Staff training . B)Book - keeping .
C)Cleaning and washing up . D) Gardening and flower arranging .
第 13 .A) They have their hotel beautifully decorated .
一
部 B) They provide delicious food .
分 C) They make their guests feel at home .
D) They give parties regularly for their visitors .
Passage Two
14 .A) To withdraw his deposit . B) To cash a check .
C) To rob the bank . D) To get his prize .
15 .A)A radio announcer . B)A bank employee .
C) A car mechanic . D) A movie actor .
16 .A) They let him do what he wanted to . B) They helped him find large bills .
C) They pressed the alarm . D) They called the police .
17 .A) He was afraid that he would be caught on the spot .
B) Large bills were not within his reach .
C) The maximum sum allowed was 55 , 000 .
D) He was limited by time and the size of his pockets .
大 Passage Three
学 Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard .
英 18 .A)A rescuer on the Golden Gate Bridge . B)A professional diver .
语
四 C) A telephone operator . D) A guard on the Golden Gate Bridge .
级 19 .A)Someone has fallen off the bridge .
考 B) Someone on the bridge is being attacked .
试
C) Someone is threatening to destroy the bridge .
历 D)Someone on the bridge is attempting to kill himself .
年
20 .A)Call the mother to come fight away .
试
题 B) Try to communicate with them first .
详 C) Help them to get out of their misty .
解
D)Remind them that they have children to take care of .
111

Directions : There are 4 passages in this part . Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements . For each of
them there are four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) . You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding let-
ter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre .
Passage One
A recent study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association , offers a picture of how risky it is
to get a lift from a teenage driver . Indeed , a 16 - year - old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to
have a fatal accident as a teenager driving alone . By contrast , the risk of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreases with
each additional passenger .The author also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased dramatically after 10 p .m .,
and especially after midnight . With passengers in the car , the driver was even more likely to die in a late - night accident .
Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of ! North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center , says the higher death
rates for teenage drivers have less to do with“really stupid behavior”than with just a lack of driving experience “
. The basic 第
issue”he says,“is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving 一
is .” 部
分
Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate ( 使……缓解 ) the problem is to have states institute
so - called graduated licensing systems, in which getting a license is a multistage process . A graduated license requires that a
teenager first prove himself capable of driving in the presence of an adult, followed by a period of driving with night of passen-
ger restrictions , before graduating to full driving privileges .
Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashes . According to recent studies, about half of the states
now have some sort of graduated licensing system in place , but only 10 of those states have restrictions on passengers . Califor-
nia is the strictest, with a novice( 新手) driver prohibited from carrying any passenger under 20 ( without the presence of an
adult over 25) for the first six months .
21 .Which of the following situations is most dangerous according to the passage ?
A)Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after 10 p .m .
B) A teenager driving after midnight with passengers in the car .
C) Adults driving with three or more teenage passengers late at night .
D)A teenager getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight .
22 .According to Robert Foss , the high death rate of teenage drivers is mainly due to .
A) their frequent driving at night 大
B) their improper way of driving 学
C) their lack of driving experience 英
语
D) their driving with passengers 四
23 .According to Paragraph 3 . which of the following statements is TRUE ? 级
考
A) Teenagers should spend more time learning to drive .
试
B) Driving is a skill too complicated for teenagers to learn .
C) Restrictions should be imposed on teenagers applying to take driving lessons . 历
年
D) The licensing authorities are partly responsible for teenagers’driving accidents .
试
24 .A suggested measure to be taken to reduce teenagers’driving accidents is that . 题
A)driving in the presence of an adult should be made a rule 详
解
B) they should be prohibited from taking on passengers
C) they should not be allowed to drive after 10 p .m .
112
D) the licensing system should be improved

25 .The present situation in about half of the states is that the graduated licensing system .
A) is under discussion B) is about to be set up
C) has been put into effect D) has been perfected
Passage Two
If you know exactly what you want , the best route to a job is to get specialized training . A recent survey shows that com-
panies the graduates in such fields as business and health care who can go to work immediately with very little on - the - job
training .
That’s especially true of booing fields that are challenging for workers . At Cornell’s School of Hotel Administration , for
example , bachelor’s degree graduates get an average of four or five job offers with salaries ranging from the high teens to the
low 20s and plenty of chances for rapid advancement . Large companies, especially like a background of formal education cou-
pled with work experience .But in the long run , too much specialization doesn’t pay off . Business, which has been flooded
第 with MBAs, no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval . The MBA may open doors and command a higher
一
部 salary initially , but the impact of a degree washes out after five years .
分 As further evidence of the erosion (销蚀 ) of corporate( 公司的 ) faith in specialized degrees , Michigan State’s Scheetz
cites a pattern in corporate hiring practices . Although companies tend to take on specialists as new hires, they often seek out
generalists for middle and upper - level management “
. They want someone who isn’t constrained(限制 ) by nuts and bolts to
look at the big picture , ”says Scheetz .
This sounds suspiciously like a formal statement that you approve of the liberal - arts graduate . Time and again labor -
market analysts mention a need for talents that liberal - arts majors are assumed to have : writing and communication skills ,
organizational skills, open - mindedness and adaptability , and the ability to analyze and solve problems . David Birch claims
he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree ,“I hire only liberal - arts people because they have a less -
than - canned way of doing things, ”says Birch . Liberal - arts means an academically thorough and strict program that in-
cludes literature , history , mathematics, economics, science , human behavior—plus a computer course or two . With that un-
der your belt, you can feel free to specialize ,“A liberal - arts degree coupled with an MBA or some other technical training
is a very good combination in the marketplace , ”says Scheetz .
26 .What kinds of people are in high demand on the job market ?
A)Students with a bachelor’s degree in humanities .
B) People with an MBA degree front top universities .
大
学 C) People with formal schooling plus work experience .
英 D) People with special training in engineering .
语
四 27 .By saying“…but the impact of a degree washes out after five years”( Line 6 , Para , 2) , the author means .
级 A) most MBA programs fail to provide students with a solid foundation
考 B) an MBA degree does not help promotion to managerial positions
试
C)MBA programs will not be as popular in five years’time as they are now
历 D) in five people will forget about the degree the MBA graduates have got
年 28 .According to Scheetz’s statement ( Lines 4 - 5 . Para . 4) , companies prefer .
试
题 A)people who have a strategic mind
详 B) people who are talented in fine arts
解
C) people who are ambitious and aggressive
D)people who have received training in mechanics
113
29 .David Birch claims that he only hires liberal - arts people because .
A) they are more capable of handling changing situations
B) they can stick to established ways of solving problems
C) they are thoroughly trained in a variety of specialized fields
D) they have attended special programs in management
30 .Which of the following statements does the author support ?
A)Specialists are more expensive to hire than generalists .
B) Formal schooling is less important than job training .
C) On - the - job training is, in the long run , less costly .
D)Generalists will outdo specialists in management .
Passage Three
About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the 第
next table , I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation . At one point the woman asked : “So, how have you 一
been ?”And the boy—who could not have been more than seven or eight years old—replied :“Frankly , I’ve been feeling a 部
分
little depressed lately .”
This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing . As far as I can re-
member , my friends and I didn’t find out we were“depressed”until we were in high school .
The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years . Children don’t seem childlike anymore .
Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to .
Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say , but it certainly is different . Childhood as it once was no longer exists .
Why ?
Human development is based not only on innate ( 天生的 ) biological states, but also on patterns of access to social
knowledge . Movement from one social rote to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new status . Children have al-
ways been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages : traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth
graders .
In the last 30 years, however , a secret - revelation ( 揭示 ) machine has been installed in 98 percent of American
homes . It is called television . Television passes information , and indiscriminately ( 不加区分地 ) , to all viewers alike , be
they children or adults . Unable to resist the temptation , many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less chal-
lenging, more vivid moving pictures .Communication through print , as a matter of fact , allows for a great deal of control over 大
the social information to which children have access . Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be 学
memorized and practised . Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials . 英
语
31 .According to the author , feeling depressed is . 四
A) a sure sign of a psychological problem in a child 级
考
B) something hardly to be expected in a young child
试
C) an inevitable has of children’s mental development
D) a mental scale present in all humans, including children 历
年
32 .Traditionally , a child is supposed to learn about the adult world .
试
A) through contact with society 题
B)gradually and under guidance 详
解
C) naturally and by biological instinct
D) through exposure to social information
114
33 .The phenomenon that today’s children seem adultlike is attributed by the author to .
A) the widespread influence of television
B) the poor arrangement of teaching content
C) the fast pace of human intellectual development
D) the constantly rising standard of living
34 .Why is the author in favor of communication through print for children ?
A)It enables children to gain more social information .
B) It develops children’s interest in reading and writing .
C) It helps children to memorize and practice more .
D)It can control what children are to learn .
35 .What does the author think of the change in today’s children ?
A) He feels amused by chair premature behavior .
B) He thinks it is a phenomenon worthy of note .
第 C) He considers it a positive development .
一
部 D) He seems to be upset about it .
分 Passage Four
“Opinion”is a word that is used carelessly today . It is used to refer to matters of taste , belief , and judgment . This ca-
sual use would probably cause little confusion if people didn’t attach too much importance to opinion . Unfortunately , most to
attach great importance to it “
. I have as much right to my opinion as you to yours, ”and“ Everyone’s entitled to his opin-
ion , ”are common expressions . In fact , anyone who would challenge another’s opinion is likely to be branded intolerant .
Is that label accurate ? Is it intolerant to challenge another’s opinion ? It depends on what definition of opinion you have
in mind . For example , you may ask a friend“What do you think of the new Ford cars ?”And he may reply ,“In my opinion ,
they’re ugly .”In this case , it would not only be intolerant to challenge his statement , but foolish . For it’s obvious that by
opinion he means his personal preference, a matter of taste . And as the old saying goes,“It’s pointless to argue about matters
of taste .”
But consider this very different use of the term , a newspaper reports that the Supreme Court has delivered its opinion in
a controversial case . Obviously the justices did not shale their personal preferences, their mere likes and dislikes . They stated
their considered judgment , painstakingly arrived at after thorough inquiry and deliberation .
Most of what is referred to as opinion falls somewhere between these two extremes . It is not an expression of taste . Nor
大
学 is it careful judgment . Yet it may contain elements of both . It is a view or belief more or less casually arrived at , with or with-
英 out examining the evidence .
语
四 Is everyone entitled to his opinion ? Of course , this is not only permitted , but guaranteed . We are free to act on our
级 opinions only so long as, in doing so , we do not harm others .
考 36 .Which of the following statements is TRUE , according to the author ?
试
A) Everyone has a right to hold his own opinion .
历 B) Free expression of opinions often leads to confusion .
年 C)Most people tend to be careless in forming their opinions .
试
题 D)Casual use of the word“opinion”often brings about quarrels .
详 37 .According to the author , who of the following would be labored as intolerant ?
解
A)Someone who turns a deaf ear to others’opinions .
B) Someone who can’t put up with others’tastes .
115
C) Someone who values only their own opinions .

D)Someone whose opinion harm other people .
38 .The new Ford cars are cited as an example to show that .
A) it is foolish to criticize a famous brand
B)one should not always agree to others’opinions
C) personal tastes are not something to be challenged
D) it is unwise to express one’s likes and dislikes in public
39 .Considered judgment is different from personal preference in that .
A) it is stated by judges in the court
B) it reflects public like and dislikes
C) it is a result of a lot of controversy
D) it is based on careful thought
40 .As indicated in the passage , being free to act on one’s opinion . 第
A) means that one can ignore other people’s criticism 一
B) means that one can impose his preferences on others 部
分
C) doesn’t mean that one has the right to do things at will
D)doesn’t mean that one has the right to charge others without evidence
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part . For each sentence there are four choices marked A) , B ) , C) and
D) . Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence . Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a
single line through the centre .
41 .The beam that is by a laser differs in several ways from the light that comes out of a flashlight .
A) emitted B) transported
C) motivated D) translated
42 .We booked rooms at the hotel we should find no vacancies on our arrival .
A)whenever B) if
C) since D) lest
43 .Modern forms of transportation and communication have done much to the isolation of life in Alaska .
A)break through B) break down
C) break into D) break out 大
44 .We know through painful experience that freedom is never by the oppressor ; it must be by the oppressor . 学
A)demanded B) commanded 英
语
C) required D) requested 四
45 . Color and sex are not relevant whether a person is suitable for the job . 级
考
A)on B)for
试
C) to D) with
46 . the enormous flow of food from the entire globe, these countries have for many years not felt any population 历
年
pressure .
试
A)Thanks to B)By means of 题
C) In line with D) With regard to 详
解
47 .Research universities have to keep up with the latest computer and scientific hardware price .
A)on account of B) regardless of
116
C) in addition to D) not to mention

48 .Three university departments have been ＄600 , 000 to develop good practice in teaching and learning .
A)promoted B) included
C) secured D) awarded
49 .The rapid development of communications technology is transforming the in which people communicate across
time and space .
A)mood B) mission
C) manner D) vision
50 .Mr .Jones holds strong views against video games and the closing of all recreation facilities for such games .
A) assists B) acknowledges
C) advocates D) admits
51 .Workers in the fine arts thoughts and feelings through their creative works .
A) transmit B) elaborate
第 C) convey D) contribute
一
部 52 .Small as it is , the ant is as much a creature as all other animals on earth .
分 A) are B) do
C) is D) have
53 .The policeman declared that the blow on the victim’s head from behind .
A) should have been made B) must have been made
C)would have been made D) ought to have been made
54 .Finding a job can be and disappointing , and therefore it is important that you are prepared .
A) exploiting B)frustrating
C) profiting D) misleading
55 .British government often says that furnishing children with to the information superhighway is a top priority .
A)procedure B) protection
C) allowance D) access
56 .Louis Herman , at the University of Hawall , has a series of new experiments in which some animals have
learned to understand sentences .
A) installed B) equipped
C) devised D) formatted
大
学 57 .Researchers at the University of Illinois determined that the of a father can help improve a child’s grades .
英 A) involvement B) interaction
语
四 C) association D) communication
级 58 .We can accept your order payment is made in advance .
考 A) in the belief that B) in order that
试
C)on the excuse that D) on condition that
历 59 .Many in the credit industry expect that credit cards will eventually paper money for almost every purchase .
年 A) exchange B) reduce
试
题 C) replace D) trade
详 60 .Any donation you can give will help us the suffering and isolation of the homeless this New Year .
解
A) lift B) patch
C) comfort D) ease
117
61 .In India more than one hundred languages are spoken , which only fourteen are recognized as official .
A)of B) in
C)with D) within
62 .Techniques for sleep would involve learning to control both mind and body so that sleep can occur .
A) cultivating B) promoting
C) pushing D) strengthening
63 .It is important to between the rules of grammar and the conventions of written language .
A)determine B) identify
C) explore D) distinguish
64 .It is too early to say whether IBM’s competitors will be able to their products to the new hardware at an afford-
able cost .
A) adapt B) stick
C) yield D) adopt 第
65 .This research has attracted wide coverage in the and has featured on BBC television’s Tomorrow’s World . 一
A)data B) source 部
分
C) message D) media
66 .I had just posted the letter when I remembered that hadn’t the cheque .
A) imposed B) involved
C) enclosed D) contained
67 .She had a tense expression on her face , she were expecting trouble .
A) even though B) as though
C) even as D) now that
68 .They were admission to the military exhibition because they were foreigners .
A)denied B) declined
C) deprived D) rejected
69 .It gave me a strange feeling of excitement to see my name in .
A)prospect B) print
C) process D) press
70 . Residents were cutting their lawns , washing their cars and otherwise a pleasant , sunny day .
A) idling away B) taking away 大
C) chasing away D) driving away 学
Part Ⅳ Short Answer Questions (15 minutes) 英
语
Directions: In this part there is a short passage with 8 questions or incomplete statements . Read the passage carefully . Then 四
answer the questions or complete the statements in fewest possible words . Your answer may be a word , a phrase , or a short sen- 级
考
tence . Write your answers in the spaces provided on the right of the page .
试
Sports is one of the world’s largest industries, and most athletes are professionals who are paid for their efforts . Because
an athlete succeeds by achievement only—not by economic background or family connections—sports can be a fast route to 历
年
wealth , and many athletes play only for money than for love .
试
This has not always been true . In the ancient Olympics the winner got only a wreath of olive leaves ( 橄榄叶花环 ) . 题
Even though the winners became national heroes, the games remained amateur for centuries . Athletes won fame , but no mon- 详
解
ey . As time passed , however , the contests became increasingly less amateur and cities began to hire athletes to represent
them . By the fourth century A .D ., the Olympics were ruined , and they were soon ended .
118
In 1896 , the Olympic games were revived (使再度兴起 )with the same goal of pure amateur competition . The rules bar
athletes who have ever received a ＄50 prize or an athletic scholars or who have spent four weeks in a training camp . At least
one competitor in the 1896 games met these qualifications . He was Spiridon Loues, a water carrier who won the marathon
race . After race, a rich Athenian offered him anything he wanted . A true amateur , Loues accepted only a cart and a horse .
Then he gave up running forever . But Loues was an exception and now, as the Chairman of the German Olympic Committee
said ,“Nobody pays any attention to these rules .”Many countries pay their athletes to train year - round , and Olympic ath-
letes are eager to sell their names to companies that make everything from ski equipment to fast food .
Even the games themselves have become a huge business . Countries fight to hold the Olympics not only for honor , but
for money . The 1972 games in Munich cost the Germans 545 million dollars, but by selling medal symbols , TV rights , food ,
drink, hotel rooms, and souvenirs ( 纪念品 ) , they managed to make a profit . Appropriately , the symbol of victory in the
Olympic games is no longer a simple olive wreath—it is a gold medal .
S1 . To many people , sports today is nothing but S1 S1 .
S2 . What do most athletes of today go after ? S2 S2 .
第 S3 . What reward could an ancient Greek athlete expect ?S3 . S3 .
一
部 S4 . By the fourth century A .D ., Olympic contests became increasingly more S4 .
分 thus ruining the Olympics . S4 .
S5 . When the Olympic games were revived in 1896 , athletes who had received special S5 .
training in camps would be S5 .
S6 . What did Spiridon Loues do after he accepted the Athenian’s gift ? S6 . S6 .
S7 . According to the author , some athletes are even willing to advertise for businesses
which sell things like S7 . S7 .
S8 . The 1972 Munich games managed to make a big profit mainly by S8(1) S8 .(1 )
services and selling S8(2) . S8 .(2 )
Directions: For this part , you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The Day My Classmate Fell Ill ( or
Got Injured) . You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:
1 .简单叙述一下这位同学生病 (或受伤 )的情况
2 .同学、老师和我是如何帮助他/ 她的
3 .人与人之间的这种相互关爱给我的感受是……
大 The Day My Classmate Fell Ill ( or Got Injured)

学
英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
119
试卷一
Section A

C) At the airport . D)In a restaurant . 一
部
From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening .This conver- 分
“ At the office”is the best answer .You should choose[ A ] on
sation is most likely to have taken place at the office .Therefore, A
the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre . Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [ D]
1 .A ) The man could come some time later . B) The size the man wants will arrive soon .
C) The size of the skirt is all right for the man . D) The man could buy a shirt of a different color .
2 .A ) The woman is filming the lake . B) The woman is running toward the lake .
C) The woman can’t take a photo of the man . D) The woman is watching an exciting film with the man .
3 .A ) It’s quiet in the restaurant . B) The restaurant is too far from their school .
C) The price is high in the restaurant . D) The restaurant serves good food .
4 .A )On a busy street . B)In a Hong Kong hotel .
C) At an airport . D) At a booking office .
5 .A ) The woman should confirm her appointment with the doctor .
B) The woman should have seen the doctor earlier .
C) The woman’s headache will go away by itself .
D) The woman has been complaining too much .
大
6 .A ) Put off his appointment with Mr .Johnson . B) Help move things to Mr .Johnson’s office . 学
C) Help the woman move the items . D) Hurry to Mr .Johnson’s office . 英
语
7 .A ) The man didn’t practice hard enough . B) The man should find a new partner .
四
C) The man should not give up . D) The man should not dream of being a superstar . 级
8 .A ) It doesn’t appeal to her . B)It’s incredibly delicious . 考
试
C) She has already tasted it . D) There is no more left .
9 .A ) The man is a diligent student . B) The man has bad study habits . 历
C) The man has made a mess of his midterm exam . D) The man is usually the last to hand in his test paper . 年
试
10 .A) The man has finished Ms assignment . B) The man is willing to help the woman . 题
C) The man will drive the woman to school . D) The man is losing patience with the woman . 详
解
Section B
120
choices marked A, B , C and D) Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre .
Passage One
11 .A) The importance of good manners . B) The art of saying thank you .
C) The secret of staying pretty . D) The difference between elegance and good manners .
12 .A) They were willing to spend more money on clothes .
B) They paid more attention to their appearance .
C) They were more aware of changes in fashion .
D) They were nicer and gentler .
13 .A)By putting on a little make - up . B)By decorating our homes .
C)By being kind and generous . D) By wearing fashionable clothes .
Passage Two
第 Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard .
一
部 14 .A)Children don’t get enough education in safety . B) The playgrounds are in poor condition .
分 C) The playgrounds are overcrowded . D) Children are keen on dangerous games .
15 .A) They should help maintain the equipment .
B) They should teach their children how to use the equipment .
C) They should stop their children from climbing ladders .
D) They should keep a watchful eye on their children .
16 .A) They can be creative when they feel secure .
B) They may panic in front of high playground equipment .
C) They should be aware of the potential risks in the playground .
D) They tend to stay within shouting or running distance of their parents .
Passage Three
17 .A)It’s admired worldwide . B)It takes skill .
C) It pays well . D) It’s a full - time job .
18 .A)An old lady carrying a handbag on the left . B)A mother with a baby in her arms .
C) A woman whose bag is hanging in front . D) A lone female with a handbag at her right side .
大
学 19 .A)A side pocket of his jacket . B) The top pocket of his jacket .
英 C) A side pocket of his trousers . D) The back pocket of his tight trousers .
语
四 20 .A)Clothing stores where people are relaxed and off guard .
级 B) Hotels and restaurants in southeast London .
考 C) Airports where people carry a lot of luggage .
试
D) Theater lobbies with uniformed security guards .
历 Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
年 Directions: There are 4 passages in this part .Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements .For each of
试
题 them there are four choices marked A , B , C and D) .You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on
详 the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre .
解
Passage One
121
I’
m usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less
certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago .While any of these statements might be true, they are practically impossible
to prove scientifically .Still , l was struck by a report which concluded that today’s children are significantly more anxious than
children in the 1950s .In fact , the analysis showed , normal children ages 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than
children who were treated for mental illness 50 years age .
Why are America’s kids so stressed ? The report cites two main causes : increasing physical isolation - brought on by high
divorce rates and less involvement in community , among other things - and a growing perception that the world is a more dan-
gerous place .
Given that we can’t turn the clock back , adults can still do plenty to help the next generation cope .
At the top of the list is nurturing ( 培育 ) a better appreciation of the limits of individualism .No child is an island .
Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress .
To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers .Your family will thank
you later .They will have more time for face - to - face relationships, and they will get more sleep . 第
Limit the amount of virtual (虚拟的 )violence your children are exposed to .It’s not just video games and movies; children 一
see a lot of murder and crime on the local news . 部
分
Keep your expectations for your children reasonable .Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale .
Make exercise part of your daily routine .It will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a good model for your
kids .Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable .But it doesn’t have to ruin your life .
21 .The author thinks that the conclusions of any research about people’s state of mind are .
A) surprising B) confusing
C) illogical D) questionable
22 .What does the author mean when he says,“we can’t turn the clock back”( Para .3)
A)It’s impossible to slow down the pace of change .
B) The social reality children are facing cannot be changed .
C) Lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten .
D)It’s impossible to forget the past .
23 .According to an analysis, compared with normal children today , children treated as mentally ill 50 years ago .
A)were less isolated physically B)were probably less self - centered
C) probably suffered less from anxiety D) were considered less individualistic
24 .The first and most important thing parents should do to help their children is . 大
A) to provide them with a safer environment B) to lower their expectations for them 学
C) to get them more involved socially D) to set a good model for them to follow 英
语
25 .What conclusion can be drawn from the passage ? 四
A)Anxiety, though unavoidable , can be coped with . 级
考
B)Children’s anxiety has been enormously exaggerated .
试
C)Children’s anxiety can be eliminated with more parental care .
D)Anxiety, if properly controlled , may help children become mature . 历
年
Passage Two
试
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage . 题
It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside , the organizational constraints(约束 ) influ- 详
解
ence wage increases .One thing, however , is certain : your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you don’
t at least ask for it .Men tend to ask for more, and they get more , and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increas-
122
es .Consider Beth’s story :

I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it .We had cubicle (小隔间 )offices and window offices .I sat in the cu-
bicles with several male colleagues .One by one they were moved into window offices,while I remained in the cubicles , several
males who were hired after me also went to offices .One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had
been part of his negotiations for the job .I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion
either way .
“nice”isn’t a quality attributed to most
It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit , but
organizations .If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay , you’ll probably have to ask for it .
Performance is your best bargaining chip(筹码 )when you are seeking a raise .You must be able to demonstrate that you
deserve a raise Timing is also a good bargaining chip .If you can give your boss something he or she needs( a new client or a
sizable contract, for example ) just before merit pay decisions are being made , you are more likely to get the raise you want .
Use information as a bargaining chip too .Find out what you are worth on the open market .
What will someone else pay for your services ?
第 Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared to use communica-
一
部 tion style to guide the direction of the interaction .
分 26 .According to the passage , before taking a job , a person should .
A)demonstrate his capability B)give his boss a good impression
C) ask for as much money as he can D) ask for the salary he hopes to get
27 .What can be inferred from Beth’s story ?
A) Prejudice against women still exists in some organizations .
B) If people want what they deserve , they have to ask for it .
C) People should not be content with what they have got .
D) People should be careful when negotiating for a job .
28 .We can learn from the passage that .
A)unfairness exists in salary increases B) most people are overworked and underpaid
C)one should avoid overstating one’s performance D) most organizations give their staff automatic pay raises
29 .To get a pay raise , a person should .
A) advertise himself on the job market
B) persuade his boss to sign a long - term contract
C) try to get inside information about the organization
大
学 D)do something to impress his boss just before merit pay decisions .
英 30 .To be successful in negotiations , one must .
语
四 A) meet his boss at the appropriate time
级 B) arrive at the negotiation table punctually
考 C) be good at influencing the outcome of the interaction
试
D)be familliar with what the boss likes and dislikes
历 Passage Three
年 Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage .
试
题 When families gather for Christmas dinner , some will stick to formal traditions dating back to Grandma’s generation .Their
详 tables will be set with the good dishes and silver , and the dress code will be Sunday - best .
解
But in many other homes, this china - and - silver elegance has given way to a stoneware ( 粗陶 ) - and - stainless infor-
mality ,with dresses assuming an equally casual - Friday look .For hosts and guests, the change means greater simplicity and
123
comfort .For makers of fine china in Britain , it spells economic hard times .
Last week Royal Doulton , the largest employer in Stoke - on - Trent , announced that it is eliminating 1 , 000 jobs—one -
fifth of its total workforce .That brings to more than 4 , 000 the number of positions lost in 18 months in the pottery(陶瓷 ) re-
gion .Wedgwood and other pottery factories made cuts earlier .
Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing , the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in
earthshaking social shifts .A spokesman for Royal Dulton admitted that the company“ has been somewhat slow in catching up
with the trend”toward casual dining .Families eat together less often , he explained , and more people eat alone , either because
they are single or they eat in front of television .
Even dinner parties, if they happen at all, have gone casual , In a time of long work hours and demanding family sched-
ules, busy hosts insist , rightly, that it’s better to share a takeout pizza on paper plates in the family room than to wait for the
perfect moment or “real”
a dinner party .Too often , the perfect moment never comes .lron a fine - patterned tablecloth ? Forget
it .Polish the silver ? Who has time ?
Yet the loss of formality has its down side .The fine points of etiquette( 礼节) that children might once have learned at the 第
table by observation or instruction from parents and grandparents(“Chew with your mouth closed .”
“ Keep your elbows off the 一
table .”) must be picked up elsewhere .Some companies now offer etiquette seminars for employees who may be competent pro- 部
分
fessionally but clueless socially .
31 .The trend toward casual dining has resulted in .
A)bankruptcy of fine china manufacturers B) shrinking of the pottery industry
C) restructuring of large enterprises D) economic recession in Great Britain
32 .Which of the following may be the best reason for casual dining ?
A) Family members need more time to relax .
B)Busy schedules leave people no time for formality .
C) People want to practice economy in times of scarcity .
D)Young people won’t follow the etiquette of the older generation .
33 .It can be learned from the passage that Royal Doulton is .
A) a retailer of stainless steel tableware B) a dealer in stoneware
C) a pottery chain store D) a producer of fine china
34 .The main cause of the layoffs in the pottery industry is .
A) the increased value of the pound B) the economic recession in Asia
C) the change in people’s way of life D) the fierce competiton at home and abroad 大
35 .Refined table manners, though less popular than before in current social life . 学
A) are still a must on certain occasions B) are bound to return sooner or later 英
语
C) are still being taught by parents at home D) can help improve personal relationships 四
Passage Four 级
考
试
Some houses are designed to be smart .Others have smart designs .An example of the second type of house won an Award
of Excellence from the American Institute of Architects . 历
年
Located on the shore of Sullivan’s Island off the coast of South Carolina, the award - winning cube - shaped beach house
试
was built to replace one smashed to pieces by Hurricane ( 飓风 ) Hugo 10 years ago .In September 1989 , Hugo struck South 题
Carolina , killing 18 people and damaging or destroying 36 , 000 homes in the state . 详
解
Before Hugo ,many new houses built along South Carolina’s shoreline were poorly constructed , and enforcement of build-
ing codes wasn’t strict, according to architect Ray Huff ,who created the cleverly - designed beach house .In Hugo’s wake , all
124
new shoreline houses are required to meet stricter , better - enforced codes .The new beach house on Sullivan’s Island should
be able to withstand a Category 3 hurricane with peak winds of 179 to 209 kilometers per hour .
At first sight , the house on Sullivan’s Island looks anything but hurricane - proof .Its redwood shell makes it resemble“a
large party lantern(灯笼 )”at night , according to one observer .But looks can be deceiving .The house’s wooden frame is rein-
forced with long steel rods to give it extra strength .
To further protect the house from hurricane damage , Huff raised it 2 .7 meters off the ground on timber pilings - long ,
slender columns of wood anchored deep in the sand .Pilings might appear insecure , but they are strong enough to support the
weight of the house .They also elevate the house above storm surges .The pilings allow the surges to run under the house instead
of running into it“These
. swells of water come ashore at tremendous speeds and cause most of the damage done to beach -
front buildings , ”said Huff .
Huff designed the timber pilings to be partially concealed by the house’s ground - to - roof shell“The
. shell masks the
pilings so that the house doesn’t look like it’s standing with its pant legs pulled up , ”said Huff .In the event of a storm surge ,
the shell should break apart and let the waves rush under the house, the architect explained .
第 36 .After the tragedy caused by Hurricane Hugo , new houses built along South Carolina ’s shore line are required
一
部 .
分 A) to be easily reinforced B) to look smarter in design
C) to meet stricter building standards D) to be designed in the shape of cubes
37 .The award - winning beach house is quite strong because .
A) it is strengthened by steel rods B) it is made of redwood
C) it is in the shape of a shell D) it is built with timber and concrete
38 .Huff raised the house 2 .7 meters off the ground on timber pilings in order to .
A)withstand peak winds of about 200 km/ hr B) anchor stronger pilings deep in the sand
C) break huge sea waves into smaller ones D) prevent water from rushing into the house
39 .The main function of the shell is
A) to strengthen the pilings of the house B) to give the house a better appearance
C) to protect the wooden frame of the house D) to slow down the speed of the swelling water
40 .It can be inferred from the passage that the shell should be .
A)fancy - looking B)waterproof
C) easily breakable D) extremely strong
大
学 Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part . For each sentence there are four choices marked A) , B ) , C) and
英 D) . Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence .Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a sin-
语
四 gle line through the centre .
级 41 .He asked us to them in carrying through their plan .
考 A)provide B) arouse C) assist D)persist
试
42 .A good many proposals were raised by the delegates , was to be expected .
历 A) that B)what C) so D) as
年 43 .He was such a speaker that he held our attention every minute of the three - hour lecture .
试
题 A) specific B) dynamic C)heroic D)diplomatic
详 44 .Arriving home , the boy told his parents about all the which occurred in his dormitory .
解
A)occasions B) matters C) incidents D) issues
45 .The opening between the rocks was very narrow, but the boys managed to through .
125
A)press B) squeeze C) stretch D) leap

46 .They are trying to the waste discharged by the factory for profit .
A) expose B) exhaust C) exhibit D) exploit
47 .The manager urged his staff not to the splendid opportunity .
A)drop B) miss C) escape D) slide
48 . I admire David as a poet , I do not like him as a man .
A)Much as B) Only if C)If only D)As much
49 .Because of a engagement, Lora couldn’t attend my birthday party last Saturday .
A)pioneer B) premature C)prior D)past
50 .The continuous rain the harvesting of the wheat crop by two weeks .
A) set back B) set off C) set out D) set aside
51 .Not having a good command of English can be a serious preventing you from achieving your goals .
A)obstacle B)fault C)offense D)distress 第
52 .It’s very of you not to talk aloud while the baby is asleep . 一
A) concerned B) careful C) considerable D) considerate 部
分
53 .Many a player who had been highly thought of has from the tennis scene .
A)disposed B) disappeared C)discouraged D)discarded
54 .She’s fainted .Throw some water on her face and she’ll .
A) come round B) come along C) come on D) come out
55 .All their attempts to the child from the burning building were in vain .
A)regain B) recover C)rescue D)reserve
56 .Computer technology will a revolution in business administration .
A)bring around B) bring about C)bring out D)bring up
57 .The university has launched a research center to develop new ways of bacteria which have become resistant to
drug treatments .
A)regulating B) halting C) interrupting D) combating
58 .The goal of the book is to help bridge the gap between research and teaching , particularly the gap between re-
searchers and teachers .
A) joint B) intensive C)overall D)decisive
59 .The rapid development of communications technology is transforming the in which people communicate across 大
time and space . 学
A) route B) transmission C)vision D) manner 英
语
60 .When I go out in the evening I use the bike the car if I can . 四
A)rather than B) regardless of C) in spite of D)other than 级
考
61 .There is no evidence that people can control their dreams, at least in experimental situations in a lab .
试
A)rigid B) solid C) smooth D)harsh
62 .Every culture has developed for certain kinds of food and drink , and equally strong negative attitudes toward 历
年
others .
试
A)preferences B) expectations C)fantasies D)fashions 题
63 .It is reported that Uruguay understands and China on human rights issues . 详
解
A)grants B) changes C) abandons D)backs
64 .Only a few people have to the full facts of the incident .
126
A) assess B) resort C) contact D)path

65 .His trousers when he tried to jump over the fence .
A) cracked B) split C)broke D)burst
66 .So far , winds and currents have kept the thick patch of oil southeast of the Atlantic coast .
A)governing B) blowing C)prevailing D)ruling
67 .The author was required to submit an of about 200 words together with his research paper .
A) edition B) editorial C) article D) abstract
68 .As the old empires were broken up and new states were formed , new official tongues began to at an increasing
rate .
A) bring up B) build up C) spring up D) strike up
69 .Many patients instist on having watches with them in hospital, they have no schedules to keep .
A) even though B)for C) as if D) since
70 .Some plants are very to light ; they prefer the shade .
第
一 A) sensible B)flexible C)objective D) sensitive
部
分
试卷二
Directions : There are 20 blanks in the following passage .For each blank there are four choices marked A ) , B) , C) and D) on
the right side of the paper .You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage .Then mark the coresponding letter on the
It’s an annual back - to - school routine .One morning you wave goodbye , and that 71 evening you’re burning the
late - night oil in sympathy .In the race to improve educational standards, 72 are throwing the books at kids . 73 ele-
mentary school students are complaining of homework 74 .What’s a well - meaning parent to do ?
As hard as 75 may be ,sit back and chill , experts advise .Though you’ve got to get them to do it , 76 helping too
much , or even examining 77 too carefully , you may keep them 78 doing it by themselves“I
. wouldn’t advise a par-
ent to check every 79 assignment, ”
says psychologist John Rosemond , author Of Ending the Tough Homework“There’
. sa
80 of appreciation for trial and error .Let your children 81 the grade they deserve .”
Many experts believe parents should gently look over the work of younger children and ask them to rethink their 82 .
大
学 But“you don’t want them to feel it has to be 83 , ”she says .
英 That’s not to say parents should 84 homework - first , they should monitor how much homework their kids 85 .
语 Thirty minutes a day in the early elementary years and an hour in 86 four , five , and six is standard , says Rosemond .For
四
级 “
junior - high students it should be 87 more than an hour and a half , ”and two for high - school students .If your child
考 88 has more homework than this , you may want to check 89 other parents and then talk to the teacher about 90
试
assignment .
历 71 .A)very B) exact C)right D)usual
年 72 .A)officials B) parents C) experts D) schools
试
题 73 .A)Also B) Even C) Then D) However
详 74 .A)fatigue B) confusion C)duty D)puzzle
解 75 .A) there B)we C) they D) it
76 .A)via B) under C)by D)for
127
77 .A)questions B) answers C) standards D)rules

78 .A)off B)without C)beyond D)from
79 .A) single B) piece C)page D)other
80 .A)drop B) short C) cut D) lack
81 .A) acquire B) earn C)gather D)reach
82 .A) exercises B) defects C)mistakes D) tests
83 .A)perfect B) better C)unusual D) complete
84 .A)forget B) refuse C)miss D) ignore
85 .A)have B) prepare C)make D)perform
86 .A) classes B)groups C)grades D) terms
87 .A) about B) no C)much D)few
88 .A)previously B) rarely C)merely D) consistently
89 .A)with B) in C)out D)up 第
90 .A)finishing B) lowering C)reducing D)declining 一
Part Ⅴ Writing (30 minutes) 部
分
Directions: For this part , you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter in reply to a friend’s inquiry about applying for admis-
sion to your college or university .You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese :
1 .建议报考的专业及理由
2 .报考该专业的基本条件
3 .应当如何备考
A Letter in Reply to a Friend
December 27th , 2003
Dear
大
学
英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
128
2004 年 6 月大学英语四级考试答案及解析
Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension
Section A
1 . M: I ran into our friend Mark yesterday on the street , and he said he hadn’t heard from you for two months .
W: Yes, I know .But I’ve been too busy to phone him .
Q:What can be inferred from the conversation ?
2 . M:Mr .Brown asked me to tell you that he is sorry he can’t come to meet you in person .He is really too busy to make the
第 trip .
二
W: That’s okay .I am glad you’ve come in his place .
部
分 Q:What do we learn from the conversation ?
3 . M: So ,when are the other guys going to get here ? The train is going to leave in 10 minutes;we can’t wait here forever !
W: It’s 10 : 30 already .They’re supposed to be here by now .I told everybody to meet here by 10 : 15 .
Q:When is the train leaving ?
4 . W: So you’ve finally listened to your wife’s advice and given up smoking !
M: It was my doctor’s advice .I’m suffering from high blood pressure .
Q:What do we learn from the conversation ?
5 . W: Frank , I thought you were working in New York .
M: I was, but I’ve moved back .I just couldn’t get used to living in a big city .So here I am back in school , taking courses
for a teacher’s certificate .
Q:What is Frank planning to do ?
6 . M: Washing dishes at the restaurant everyday is really boring !
W: Why don’t you quit and deliver flowers for me ?
Q:What does the woman advice the man to do ?
7 . M: Can I borrow your math textbook ? I lost mine on the bus .
大
学 W: You’ve asked the right person .I happen to have an extra copy .
英 Q:What does the woman mean ?
语
8 . W: Hello ! This is Doctor Gray’s office .We’re calling to remind you of your 4 : 15 appointment for your annual checkup to-
四
级 morrow .
考 M:Oh , thanks ! It’s a good thing you called ; I thought it was 4 :15 today .
试
Q:What do we learn from the conversation ?
历 9 . W: I just can’t believe this is our last year .College is going by fast !
年 M:Yeah ,we’ll have to face the real world soon .So, have you figured out what you’re going to do after you graduate ?
试
题 Q:What do we learn from the conversation ?
详 10 . M: I had a hard time getting through this novel .
解 W: I share your feeling .Who can remember the names of the 35 different characters ?
Q: What does the woman imply ?
129

The Library of Congress is America’s national library .It has millions of books and other objects .It has newspapers , popu-
lar publications as well as letters of historical interest .It also has maps, photographs, art prints, movies, sound recordings and
musical instruments .All together , it has more than 100 million objects .
The Library of Congress is open to the public Monday through Saturday , except for public holidays .Anyone may go there
and read anything in the collection .But no one is permitted to take books out of the building .
The Library of Congress was established in 1800 .It started with eleven boxes of books in one room of the Capitol Build-
ing .By 1814 , the collection had increased to about 3 , 000 books .They were all destroyed that year when the Capitol was
burned down during America’s war with Britain .
To help re-build the Library , Congress bought the books of President Thomas Jefferson .Mr .Jefferson’s collection included
7 ,000 books in seven languages .
In 1897 , the library moved into its own building across the street from the capital .Today , three buildings hold the library’
s collection . 第
The library provides books and materials to the U .S .Congress and also lends books to other American libraries, govern- 二
部
ment agencies and foreign libraries .It buys some of its books and gets others as gifts .It also gets materials through its copyright 分
office .Anyone who wants copyright protection for a publication in the U .S .must send two copies to the library .This means the
Library of Congress receives almost everything that is published in the United States .
1 .D 2.C 3.B 4. A 5.B
6 .D 7.B 8 .A 9.C 10 . B
S1 .popular S2 .historical S3 .prints S4 .instruments S5 .permitted
S6 .established S7 .destroyed
S8 .In 1897 , the library moved into its own building across the street from the capital .
S9 .The library provides books and materials to the U .S .Congress and also lends books to other American libraries , government
agencies and foreign libraries .
S10 .Anyone who wants copyright protection for a publication in the U .S .must send two copies to the library .
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
11 .D 解析 : 依据第四段第二句话“But when it comes to getting ahead , . . .”。

大
12 .A 解析 : 主要依据第八段内容。学
13 .B 解析 :A 项 : 他们认为玩权术不切实际 , 与文中内容相悖 ; C 项 : 不擅长操纵支配同事 , 文中并没提到 ; D 英
语
项 : 这种努力使他们一无所获 , 与文中作者表达的意思相反 ; B 项 : 不讲究原则的 , 不讲道德的 ; 不正直的 , 这与
四
文章中的 manipulative (工于心计的 )相对应 , 故 B 正确。级
14 .D 解析 : 主要依据在第四段和第八段。考
试
15 .B 解析 : 根据倒数第二段中的话 : 另一些人却把权术与奉承联系起来 , 担心如果为自己讲话 , 好像是为了得
到恩惠在奉承老板。最后一段作者指出 : 通过认识到自我推荐是个人发展所必需的这一事实来改变这种消极历
年
的看法。故作者认为自我推荐并不意味着奉承。
试
【参考译文】题
A 总是按时上班。详
解
B 一直很勤奋。
C 一直踏踏实实的做他的工作。
130
在办公室里你可能就具备以上的三种品质 , 或者具备更多。但是专家说 , 要想在事业上取得成功 , 除了具

有 A、
B、C 等品质外 , 还应该包括 P( 权术 politics) , 即办公室里的权术。
Dale Carnegle 在五十多年以前就说过 : 仅仅勤奋的工作不能保证事业的前进。你得在公开场合或者幕后能
推销你自己和你的观点。但是 , 尽管玩权术能带来明显的回报———提升 , 加薪和赞扬———很多人仍然不能———
或者不愿意———去“玩权术。”
Hofstra University 中的一位管理助教 Deborah Comer 说 “人们认为玩权
: 术牵涉到一些工于心计的行为 , 但是
权术( politics)来源于‘礼貌’( polite ) 这一词。它意味着疏通关系和形成交际 , 甚至尽力取悦你的上司它意味着亲
切和有益的 , 然后有希望获得回报。”
实际上 , 今天专家把为了在工作场所追求自己的自身利益而玩弄办公室权术看作是一种合适的行为。在
很多情况下 , 不管是大公司还是在小的工作场所 , 它意味着办公环境的社会化。
管理心理学家 Neil P .Lewis 说 “通常情况下
: , 首先衡量人们的标准就是在相同的情况下看他们完成工作的
能力。但是 , 如果提升的候选人有两个或者三个 , 其能力又相同 , 经理通常会提升他所喜欢的人。这是一般的
人性。”
第但是 , 许多人不能够很好地领会技术的概念 , 有些人太理想化 , 认为付出很多就会成功 ; 而另一些人却把权
二
部术与奉承联系起来 , 担心如果为自己讲话 , 好像他们是为了得到恩惠在奉承老板。
分专家建议通过认识到自我推荐是个人发展所必需的这一事实来改变这种消极的看法。
【词语注释】
lobbying[ l bii ] n . 游说活动 , 疏通活动
association[ s usi ei n] n . 协会 , 交际 , 友谊
define[ di fain] vt . 下定义 ; 限定
【难句点拨】
But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion , each of whom has reasonably similar ability , a manager is going to
promote the person he or she likes best .
if 引导一个条件状语从句 ,whom 引导一个非限定性定语从句 , 修饰 three candidates。主句为“a manager is go-
ing to . . .”
16 .A 解析 : 依据文章第一段。文中指出 “
: . . ., and they are now lobbying against any legislation to stop Americans
from owning one .”
17 .C 解析 : 依据文章第五段“Some people consider the hydrogen bomb a very fatal weapon which could kill somebody .”
由此可知 C 为正确答案。
18 .A 解析 : 依据第六段第三句话。“If somebody knows you have a nuclear . . .”故 A 为正确答案。
大
学 19 .D 解析 : 依据文章最后一段 “
: Another argument against . . .will be left defenseless with just handguns .”
英 20 .A 解析 : 针对协会发言人的每一种观点 , 作者都提出了疑点。故作者对靠拥有氢弹来保证家庭安全的做法
语
四是持怀疑态度的。由此而知 A 正确。
级【参考译文】
考进步杂志的一名记者发现如何制造氢弹的消息一经披露 , 一批爱好者就形成了全国氢弹协会 , 他们现在正
试
在游说反对形成这样的立法 , 即阻止美国人拥有氢弹。
历协会的发言人说 “宪法给了每个人拥有武器的权力。它并没有具体说明拥有什么种类的武
: 器。但是因为
年现在每个人都能制造一颗氢弹 , 公众为了保护他们自己应该能去买氢弹。”
试
题 “你不认为有一颗氢弹在家里是很危险的吗 ? 特别是在有孩子的房子。”
详 “全国氢弹协会希望去教育大众安全的操纵这种武器。我们正在指导持氢弹的人把氢弹头锁在密室里 , 把
解
导火索放在一个抽屉里使它们隔开。”
“一些人认为氢弹是一种能杀人的非常致命的武器。”
131
发言人还说 “氢弹不会杀人—
: ——人杀人。氢弹是用来自保的。如果有人知道你家有一核武器 , 在破门而
入的时候 , 他会三思的。”
“但是这些反对私人拥有氢弹的人声称 : 如果把弹头锁在小室 , 把导火索放在抽屉 , 不可能及时的把两者结
合起来去阻止侵入者。”
“反对私人拥有氢弹的人认为氢弹造价高 , 支持这样的计划也就等于让中产阶级和上层阶级拥有氢弹 , 而
穷人则没有防卫能力 , 只能依靠手枪。
【词语注释】
handle [ h ndl] n . 把手 , 柄 vt . 操作 , 处理
spell out 清楚地说明 , 详细地解释
defer[ di f ] v . 拖延 , 延缓
hydrogen[ haidrid n] n . 氢 , 氢气
【难句点拨】
As soon as it was revealed that a reporter for . . .to stop Americans from owning one . 第
As soon as 引导一个时间状语从句“ it was . . . ”, that 后面是一个主语从句。主句是“ a group firearm fans 二
formed . . .”, and 引导并列主句。部
分
21 .B 解析 : 依据第一段第三句话 “They
: offer a new way to probe how . . .whether it is a learned behavior .”故 B 为正
确答案。
22 .C 解析 : 根据第一段倒数第一句“The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one rebel
teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington ,D .C ., the world’s only liberal arts university for deaf people .”故 C 为正确答
案。
23 .B 解析 : 依据第三段“At the time , American sign Language ( ASL ) was . . .deaf people usually have a genuine lan-
guage ?”可知 , 手势语是一种真正的语言。故 B 为正确答案。
24 .D 解析 : 根据最后一段中 “
: For decades educators fought his idea . . .must be based on speech , the modulation of
sound .”故 D 为正确答案。
25 .D 解析 : 依据最后一段最后一句话“What I said , ”Stokoe explains,“is that language is not mouth stuff— it’s brain
stuff .”故 D 为正确答案。
【参考译文】
手势已经变成了一个科学的热按钮。仅仅在过去的二十年中研究语言方面的专家已经认识到手势语言是
独特的———手的说话。手势语提供了一种新的方法来探讨大脑是如何产生语言和理解语言的 , 并对一个古老
的科学争论提供了新的线索 : 人的语言连同语法到底是生来就有的还是后天习得的。在华盛顿 D .C .的 Gal- 大
laudet University , 这个世界的唯一一所的聋哑人的自由艺术大学 , 那所学校的一位老师最早写了有关手势语的学
著作。英
语
当 Bill Stokoe 到 Gallaudent 去教英语时 , 学校让他教手势语的课程。但是 Stoke 注意到一些奇怪的事情 : 在四
他们之间 , 学生的手势语与他的老师是不同的。级
考
Stokoe 过去教的是一种手势代码 , 手的每一个动作表示一个英语单词。那个时候 , 美国手势语言被认为仅
试
仅是一种混杂英语的形式。但是 Stokoe 相信他的学生运用的手势语丰富。他猜想 : 聋哑人实际上可能有一种
真正的语言 ? 并且那种语言可能不像地球上任何其它的语言 ? 在 1955 年那个时候 , 聋哑人甚至认为他们的手历
年
势语是“不标准的”。Stokoe 的思想变成了学术界里的异端邪说。
试
三十七年以后 ,Stokoe 把他的时间花在写并编辑书和报刊杂志上并制造一些有关美国手势语和聋哑文化题
的可视材料 , 他一直在 Gallaudet 大学附近的一个餐厅吃午饭并解释她是怎样开始一个革命的。几十年来 , 教育详
解
家都在与手势语言就像英语、法语和日语一样是自然语言这样的观点进行着斗争 , 他们认为语言必须以言语
(即声音的调节) 为基础。但是手势语是以手的动作和空间的改变为基础的。Stokoe 解释说 “
: 我所说的是指语
132
言不是嘴的产物而是大脑的产物。”
【词语注释】
substandard[ s b st nd d] adj . 低标准的 , 不合格的
modulation[ m dju lei n] n . 改变 , 转调
dismiss sb /. sth . as sth .对某人/ 某事不予理会或不屑一提
【难句点拨】
Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that signed languages are unique— a speech of the
hand .
Only 在句前引起句子部分倒装 , that 后面引导一个宾语从句。正常的句序是 :Specialists in language study only
in the past 20 years have realized that signed languages are unique— a speech of the hand .
26 .A 解析 : 根据第一段第一句话“ . . .Princess of Wales, made a trip to Angola in 1997 , to support the Red Cross’s
campaign for a total ban on all anti - personnel landmines .”
27 .D 解析 : 根据第二段 “The
: Princess concluded with a simple message‘We
: must stop landmines’.”
第 28 .B 解析 : 依据第三段内容 “But
: , back in London , her views were not shared . . .attack on the Princess in the press .”故
二
部 B 为正确答案。
分 29 .A 解析 : 依据第四段第一句话的内容 “The
: Princess responded by brushing aside the criticism .”可知 A 项正确。
30 .B 解析 : 依据文章最后一句话“She said that the experience had also given her the chance to get closer to people and
their problems .”可知 B 为正确选项。
【参考译文】
一件令人吃惊的事发生了 , 那就是戴安娜王妃于 1997 年去安哥拉的目的是为了支持红十字会发起的一场
全面禁止使用杀伤性地雷的运动。在留在安哥拉的数小时里 , 世界各地的电视荧屏上都是王妃慰问那些由于
地雷爆炸而受伤的受害者的身影。她说 “仔
: 细看看这些数字使我充分认识到现实的严重性 ; 比如当我见到
Sandra , 一个十三岁的女孩 , 她已经失去了她的一条腿。”
王妃用一句话简单的总结到 “我们必须停止使用地雷。
: ”在她访问期间她反复地说这句话。但是 , 当回到
伦敦 , 英国政府内的部分成员不赞成戴安娜的观点 , 他们拒绝支持禁止使用地雷这项运动。这些愤怒的政客开
始在媒体上向 Diana 发起攻击 , 他们把她描述成一个“孤陋寡闻的人”和一个“乱放炮的人”。
王妃对这些批评不予理睬 , 她说 “那些批评是我们不必
: 要的干扰。我能尽力做的就是去帮助禁止使用地
雷这一运动。”
反对党、媒体和公众立刻表示了对王妃的支持。但是很快人们就发现王妃的访问是经过外交部同意的 , 并
且实际上她非常了解安哥拉的局势和英国政府有关地雷的政策。这对政府来说 , 事情变得更坏。这个结局使
大
学政府非常尴尬。
英为了尽力减少损失 , 外交部秘书 Malcolm Rifking 声称 : 王妃在地雷上的观点是与政府政策完全不同的。国
语
四防秘书 Michael Portillo 声称这件事是“一种曲解或误会。”
级对王妃来说 , 到这个被战争重创的国家去访问 , 是利用她的受欢迎度去向世界展示地雷能引起多么大的毁
考灭和痛苦的好机会。她说那次经历给了她接触大众和他们的问题的机会。
试
【词语注释】
历 emerge[ i m d ] v . 暴露 , 知悉
年 regarding[ ri ga di ] prep . 关于 , 至于
试
题 brush aside 无视 ( 反对意见等 ) , 对……置之不理
详 misinterpretation[ misint pri tei n] n . 易引起误解的评论、行为、观点等。
解
【难句点拨】
It came as something of a surprise when Diana , Princess of Wales, made a trip to Angola in 1997 , to support the Red
133
Cross’s campaign for a total ban on all anti - personnel landmines .

It 在句中是形式主语 , 真正的主语是“ to support the Red Cross’s campaign for a total ban on all anti - personnal
“When Diana , Princess of Wales , made a trip to Angola in 1997”是时间状语从句。
landmines .”
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary
31 .A 译文 : 我正走着没想什么特别的东西 , 只是随便看看周围的事物。解析 : in particular 意为“特别 ; 尤其”; in

harmony(with)意为“( 与……) 协调一致 , (与…… ) 和睦相处”; in doubt 意为“不能肯定的 , 可怀疑的”; in brief 意为
“简言之 , 简单地说”。
32 . C 译文 : 批评家认为电视上大量的广告影响了电视节目的质量。解析 : affect 意为“影响”; lessen 意为“减少 ;
减轻”; decline 意为“下降 , 减少 ; 衰退 , 衰落 ; 谢绝 , 拒绝”; effect 意为“实现 , 使生效 , 引起”。
33 .D 译文 : 我必须祝贺你出色地设计了这座新桥。解析 : congratulate 意为“祝贺 ; 向 …… 道喜”, 通常接介词 on
或者 upon。第
二
34 . B 译文 : 主办公楼一楼有一个设备齐全的健康中心。解析 : equip 意为“配备 , 装备 ; ( 智力、体力上 ) 使有准部
备”, 指为特殊目的而提供装备 ; install 意为“安装 , 设置 ; 使就职 , 任命”; provide 意为“提供 , 供给”; project 意为“计分
划 ; 打算 ; 放映”。
35 . C 译文 : 二十多年来 , 我们一直支持从幼儿园到大学范围内的很多教育项目。解析 : range (from . . .to) 意为
“变动 , 变化”; move 意为“移动 , 迁移 ; 提议”; shift 意为“转变 , 转换 , 转移 ; 变速 , 调 ( 档) ”; spread 意为“展开 , 伸开 ;
散布 ; 蔓延 , 传播”。
36 .D 译文 : 军校的纪律非常严 , 学生几乎无法忍受。解析 : discipline 意为“纪律 ; 训练 , 训导 ; 惩罚 , 处分”; con-
vention 意为“惯例 ; 大会”; confinement 意为“限制 ; 禁闭”; principle 意为“原则 , 原理”。
37 .D 译文 : 实验结果没有问题 , 这些实验已在全球的实验室重复实验多次。解析 : beyond dispute 意为“无疑
地 ; 没有争论的余地”; negotiation 意为“协商 , 谈判”; confict 意为“冲突 , 抵触 , 争论 ; 战争 , 战争”; bargain 意为“交
易 ; 廉价货”。
38 . C 译文 : 我今天的历史课稀里糊涂的 , 一点也没懂。解析 : confused 意为“迷惑的 ; 糊涂的”; amazed 意为“吃
惊的”; neglected 意为被忽略的 , 受忽视的 ; 无人照看的”; amused 意为“被逗乐的 , 有趣的 ; 高兴的 , 愉快的”。
39 . B 译文 : 你如果镜框和镜片都买的话 , 你有权至少以半价来买镜框或者镜片。解析 : entitle 意为“给……权
利 ; 给……资格”, 通常和 to 搭配 ; present 意为“赠送 , 呈献 ; 提出 , 呈交 ; 介绍 , 引见”; credit 意为“相信 ; 把 ……归
于”; tip 意为“轻击 ; 使倾斜 ; (over)把……翻倒 , 翻覆”。
大
40 .A 译文 : 沙漠和高山对从一个地方到另一个地方的人来说总是一个障碍。解析 : harrier 意为“障碍 , 隔阂 ; 栅学
栏 , 关口 , 检票口”, 通常后接介词 to , fence 意为“栅栏 , 围栏 ; 篱笆”, prevention 意为“防止 ; 预防”; jam 意为“拥挤 ; 英
语
塞满”。
四
41 . C 译文 : 为了方便居民 , 该部门计划在居民区设置几处移动商店。解析 : mobile 意为“流动的 ; 移动的 ; 运动级
的 , 活动的 ; 多变的 , 易变的”; mobile shops 意为“流动商店”; flowing 意为“流动的 ; ( 头发、衣服、帆等 ) 漂浮的 , 松考
试
垂的 ; (文章等 )流畅的 ; unstable 意为“不稳固的 , 不坚实的 ; 易变的 , 反复无常的”。
42 .D 译文 : 史密斯先生说 : 媒体非常善于捕捉某种情绪 , 然后加以夸大。解析 : exaggerate 意为“夸大 , 夸张”; 历
年
overtake 意为“追上 , 超过 ; 突然袭击 , 压倒”; enlarge 意为“扩大 , 扩展 ( 胸襟、思想等 ) ; 放大 ( 照片等 )”;widen 意为
试
“加宽 , 放宽 ; 变宽”。题
43 . B 译文 : 要得到更多的水 , 这不是一个经济途径 ; 恰恰相反 , 这非常昂贵。解析 : on the contrary 意为“正好相详
解
反”; on the other hand 意为“另一方面”; in short 意为“简言之 , 总之”; or else 意为“否则 , 要不然”。
44 . B 译文 : 这是英国核电站第一次不得不采取这样的预防措施。解析 : precaution 意为“预防措施 ; 预备 , 防备 ,
134
警惕”; presentation 意为“介绍 , 陈述 , 呈现”; preparation 意为“准备工作 , 预备 ( 状态 ) ; 预备措施 ”; prediction 意为

“预言 , 预料 , 预计”。
45 .A 译文 : 看出他对安排不满意 , 我试图去预订另一个旅馆。解析 : perceive 意为“感觉 , 感知 , 察觉 ; 理解 , 领
悟”; penetrate 意为“穿过 ; 渗入 ; 识破 , 看穿”; puzzle 意为“ (使 ) 迷惑 ; (使 ) 为难 ; ( 使 ) 苦思”; preserve 意为“保藏 , 保
护 ; 维护 , 维持”。
46 . C 译文 : 公司董事会决定扩大业务 , 包括服装业各个方面。解析 : expand 意为“扩大 , 发展 , 增长 ; 张开 , 展
开”; multiply 意为“( 使) 增加 ; ( 使 ) 繁殖”; lengthen 意为“伸长 , 延长 , ( 使 ) 变长”; stretch 意为“( 被 ) 拉长 , 伸展 ; 扩
张”。
47 .D 译文 : 他的业务非常成功 , 但它是以牺牲家庭生活为代价的。解析 : at the expense of 意为“以……为牺牲 ;
在损害……的情况下”; consumption 意为“消耗 , 消费 , 挥霍 ; 消费量”; credit 意为“信任 ; 信誉”; exhaustion 意为“耗
尽 ; 枯竭”。
48 . B 译文 : 这些图表 1927 年首次出版 , 一直是研究者必不可少的原始资料。解析 : indispensable 意为“必不可
少的 ; 必需的”; identical 意为“相同的 ; 相等的”; intelligent 意为“聪明的 , 有才智的 ; 理智的”; inevitable 意为“不可
第避免的 , 必然发生的”。
二
部 49 .A 译文 : 乔不善于体育运动 , 当谈到数学时 , 他是班上最好的。解析 :when it comes to 意为“当说到……时”;
分 comes up to 意为“比得上 , 达到( 标准等 )”; comes on to 意为“开始讨论”; comes around/ round 意为“苏醒 , 复原 , 顺便
来访”。
50 . C 译文 : 医生告诫不要用嚼烟草来代替抽烟。解析 : substitute 意为“代用品 , 代替者”; relief 意为“减轻 ; 救
济”; revival 意为“苏醒 ; 复兴”; succession 意为“连续 , 接续 ; 接替 , 继任”。
51 . C 译文 : 以适当的比例把碳加入铁时 , 就形成了钢。解析 : proportion 意为“比例 ; 均衡 , 相称”; rate 意为“比
率 , 率 ; 速度 , 进度 ; 价格”; thickness 意为“厚度 ; 粗细程序 ; 层”; density 意为“密度 , 浓度 ; 比重”。
52 . B 译文 : 你应该抑制你的野心 , 要现实点。解析 : restrain 意为“抑制 ; 约束”; reserve 意为“保留 , 储备 ; 预订”;
retain 意为“保留 ; 保持”; replace 意为“代替 ; 取代”。
53 .D 译文 : 南希只是丈夫的应声虫 , 她没有自己的观点。解析 : echo 意为“回音 , 回声 , 共鸣”; sample 意为“样
品 , 式样 , 样本”; reproduction 意为“再生 ; 繁殖”;shadow 意为“阴影 , 影子”。
54 . B 译文 : 既然春天已经到了 , 你可以把这些棉大衣放起来 , 明年冬天再用。解析 : put away 意为“把 …收拾起
来 ; 放好”; put over 意为“说清楚 , 讲明白 ; 延期 , 推迟”; put off 意为“推迟 , 拖延”; put down 意为“放下 ; 平定 , 镇压
(暴乱、叛乱 )”。
55 .A 译文 : 他的声音中隐含着一点不耐烦。解析 : hint 意为“暗示 , 示意 ; 迹象 , 线索”; notion 意为“概念 , 观念 ;
意图 , 看法”; dot 意为“点 , 小园点”; phrase“ 短语”。
大
学 56 .D 译文 : 当你对单词拼写或者意思不确定时 , 请查词典。解析 : consult 意为“找……商议 ; 翻阅 , 查阅 ”; seek
英意为“寻找 , 探索 ; 请求 , 要求”; inquire 意为“询问”; search 意为“搜查 , 搜直线 , 寻找 ; 细看 , 细查”。
语
四 57 . C 译文 : 在昨天的晚会上 , 伊丽莎白的男朋友模仿查理・卓别林逗我们开心。解析 : imitate 意为“模仿 , 仿效 ;
级仿制 , 仿造”; copy 意为“抄写 ; 复写 ; 复制仿效”; follow 意为“跟随 , 接着 ; 领会 , 理解 ; 遵循 , 听从”; model 意为“( on ,
考 after)模仿”。
试
58 .A 译文 : 她在房间里备大量的蜡烛 , 以备停电。解析 : power failure 意为“ 停电 ”; lack 意为“缺乏 , 缺少 , 短
历缺”; absence 意为“缺席 , 不在场 ; 缺乏 , 不存在”; drop 意为“下降 , 下落 ; 滴 ; 微量 , 一点点”。
年 59 .D 译文 : 那组技术员从事一项研究 , 该研究包括城市计划的各个方面。解析 : embrace 意为“包括 ; 包含”; in-
试
题 sert 意为“插入 , 嵌入”; grip 意为“紧握 , 抓紧”; perform 意为“履行 , 完成 , 做 ; 演出 , 演奏”。
详 60 .A 译文 : 持续大约三小时的演讲非常乏味 , 听众忍不住打哈欠。解析 : tedious 意为“冗长乏味的 ; 使人厌烦
解
的”; bored 意为“厌烦的 (有被动含义 )”; clumsy 意为“笨拙的 , 粗俗的”; tired 意为“疲劳的 , 累的 ; 厌倦的 , 厌烦
的”。
135
Part Ⅳ Cloze
61 .A 解析 : 是关于老师的一个笑话……。故 about 为正确答案。

62 . B 解析 : wave goodbye to sb .意为“向某人挥手告别”, 符合句意。
63 . B 解析 : 从上下文意思来看 , 此句应该意为“老师站在教室门口向放暑假的学生挥手告别并在后面喊叫着
说……”。
64 .D 解析 : 根据下文可知这个笑话( 顺便说一下 , 我们赢得了第二次世界大战的胜利。) 一点也不好笑。显然
这里应用表示否定的词 , 故 not 为正确答案。
65 .A 解析 : historical illiteracy 意为“对历史的无知”, 符合句意。
66 . C 解析 : identify 意为“认出 , 鉴定 ; 把……等同于”, 符合句意。
67 . C 解析 : fight against 意为“与……进行战斗”, 符合句意。defeat 意为“击败 , 战胜 ; 挫败 , 使落空”; attack 意为
“攻击 , 进攻 , 抨击”; strike 意为“打 , 击 , 敲 ; 侵袭 , 折磨 ; 使突然想到”故 C 为正确选项。第
二
68 .D 解析 : idea 意为“想法 , 主意 ; 思想 , 概念”, have no idea 意为“不知道”, 符合句意。sense 意为“感官 ; 感觉”;
部
doubt 意为“疑惑 , 疑问 , 怀疑”; reason 意为“原因 , 理由 ; 理性 , 理智”。分
69 . B 解析 : sign 意为“签字 ; 签署”, 符合句意。print 意为“印刷”; mark 意为“标明 , 作记号于 ; 纪念”; edit 意为
“编辑 , 选辑 , 校订 ; 主编”。
70 . B 解析 : judge 意为“判断 , 断定 , 认为 ; 裁决 , 评定 , 审判 , 判决”, 符合上下文意思。place 意为“放置 ; 安置”;
get 为“得到”; lock 意为“锁 ; 把……锁藏起来”。
71 .A 解析 : 从上下文句子结构来看 , 此处不能再选用连词 , even 可用作副词 , 意为“即使”, 符合句意。其余三
项均为连词。
72 . B 解析 : just 意为“仅仅 ; 只是”, just guessing 意为“只是猜测而已”, 符合句意。
73 .D 解析 : directly 意为“直接地 , 径直地 ; 正好地 , 截然地”, 符合句意。 exclusively 意为“排它地 ; 专有地”; prac-
tically 意为“实际上 ; 事实上 ; 几乎”shortly 意为“立刻 ; 简短地”。
74 .A 解析 : competitiveness 意为“ 竞争”, 符合句意。 comprehension 意为“理解 ( 力 ) ”; community 意为“ 团体 ; 公
社”; commitment 意为“承诺 , 许诺 , 保证 ; 信奉 , 献身 ; 承担的义务”。
75 .D 解析 : 根据下文中的 as 可知这里应选 as 与其相呼应。
76 .D 解析 : 根据上下文意思来推断 “有关……达成共识”
, 应该是个好消息 , 故选项 D 为正确答案。
77 . C 解析 : agreement on 意为“对……意见达成一致”, 符合句意。
大
78 . C 解析 : 本文主要讲的是学生历史知识的欠缺。teaching of history 意为“历史教学”, 符合句意。 consult 意为
学
“商量 , 协商 ; 咨询 ; 查询”; coach 意为“训练 , 指导 , 辅导”; instruct 意为“指示 , 命令 , 通知 ; 教育 , 指导”。英
79 . C 解析 : meet 通常和 needs 搭配 , 意为“满足需要”, 符合句意。语
四
80 . C 解析 : 从上下文句子结构来看 , 这里需要一个表示并列的连词 , 句意才能连贯 , 显然选项 C and 符合题意。级
考
试
Part Ⅴ Writing
历
年
A Brief Introduction to a Tourist Attraction
试
Welcome to Grand View Garden ! I’m very happy to show you around the various cottages while telling you the stories 题
about the Garden . 详
解
Based on“The Dream of Red Mansion”written by Cao Xue-qin , the Garden meant for receiving the Concubine, Yuan-
chun , the eldest daughter of the Jia Family .This is the hero , Bao-yu’s Yi-hong Yard and his statue .Bao-yu and his sisters and
136
cousins lived a typical noble family life in the Garden , chessing, fiddling , painting , and writing poems .Now,we come to the Xi-
ao-xiang Cottage surrounded by spotted bamboos .It is said that the spots on the bamboos were the tears shed by the hostess ,
Lin Dai-yu ,who fell in a desperate love with Bao-yu . . .
Finally ,we finish our Garden tour .I hope the lamenting love story did not spoil your happy mood in enjoying the twist
bridges , the green willows, the miniature rocky hills and the many stylish cottages .Thank you for your visit .
第
二
部
分
大
学
英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
137
Section A
1 .W : I often mistake Jim for Bob .Can you tell them apart ?
M: No , they look so much alike that they even confused their mother sometimes when they were young .
Q: What is the most probable relationship between Jim and Bob ?
2 .W : I’m thinking of going to Austin for a visit .Do you think it’s worth seeing ?
M: Well , I wish I had been there .
Q: What do we learn from the conversation ?
3 .M: It’s so hot today .I simply can’t work .I wish there were a fan in this room . 第
W :So do I .I’ll fall asleep if I stay here any longer . 二
Q: What are they complaining about ? 部
分
4 .M : Excuse me , I have a ticket for the 6 o’clock flight to New York .But I’m afraid I can’t make it .Is there a seat available
for tomorrow morning ?
W: Let me see .I’m sorry .All the morning flights have been booked up .The earliest we can get for you is the two o’clock
flight in the afternoon .
Q: What does the conversation tell us ?
5 .W :Jack , I can’t find Volumn Ten .Could you check for me who borrowed it ?
M: Here it is, on the upper shelf , next to Volumn Two .
Q: Why can’t the woman find the book ?
6 .M: Have you a table for four ?
W : Certainly ,Sir .A corner table or would you rather be near the window ?
Q: What is the man doing ?
7 .W : It’s been very cold for the past two days .
M: We haven’t seen the worst of it yet . More snow is forecasted for next week accompanied by strong winds .
Q: What will the weather be like ?
8 .W : I’d like to buy a copy of Professor Frankling’s book on sea shells . 大
M: I’m sorry, Ms .That book has been out of print for some time now . 学
Q: What does the man say about the book ? 英
语
9 .M: Did Henry paint the whole house himself ? 四
W :He had it painted , because he doesn’t like climbing ladders . 级
考
试
10 .W: Look at that big field of cotton .And there’s a farm with some beautiful houses .
M: You really get to know the country when you go by train , don’t you ? 历
年
Q: Where did the conversation most probably take place ?
试
Section B 题
Passage One 详
解
Sam had worked 30 years for the same company and now he had to retire .As a sign of gratitude, the company held a din-
ner in his honor “Sam,
. ”announced his boss,“It is my great honour to present this gift to you on behalf of the company .”
Sam
138
walked down to the front of the table and accepted the gift with pride .It was a gold watch and on it was written“To faithful Sam
for 30 years of service .”Sam wept“I At home ,Sam’s wife looked at the gold watch critically“
, am at a loss for words .” , For
this you worked 30 years ? A cheap gold - plated watch ?”
“It’
s the thought dear , ”answered Sam,“The important thing is that
I am not working any more .”His wife held the gold watch to her ear and said“Neither
, is your watch .”
11 .What did the company do to honor Sam ?
12 .How did Sam feel when he saw what was written on the watch ?
13 .What can we infer from the story ?
Passage Two
Religious and private schools receive little or no support from public taxes in the United States .As a result, they are more
expensive to attend .The religious schools in America are usually run by churches .Therefore they tend to be less expensive than
private schools .When there is free education available to all children in the United States,why do people spend money on pri-
vate schools ? Americans offer a great variety of reasons for doing so .Some parents send their children to private schools be-
cause the classes there are usually smaller .In their opinion , the public schools in their area are not of high enough quality to
第
二 meet their needs .Private schools in the United States range widely in size and quality , and they offer all kinds of programmes
部 to meet the needs of certain students .
分 14 .Why is it usually expensive to attend religious and private schools ?
15 .What is one of the reasons for people to send their children to private schools ?
16 .Who usually runs religious schools in the United States ?
Passage Three
An elderly woman yesterday made a legal claim against a department store because it had wrongly accused her of stealing
a Christmas card .Mrs .Doss White, 72 years old , is claiming ＄3 , 000 damages from the store for wrongful arrest and false im-
prisonment .Mrs .White visited the store while doing Christmas shopping , but did not buy anything .She was followed through the
town by a store manager .He had been told that a customer saw her take a card and put it in her shopping bag .He stopped her
at a bookstore as she was reading a book .Mrs .White said“This
, man , a total stranger ,suddenly grasped my bag and asked if
he could look in it .”
She was taken back to the store and shut in a small room in full view of shoppers for 20 minutes until the
police arrived .At the police station she was body - searched and nothing was found .Her lawyer said that the department store
sent an insincere apology and they insisted that she may have been stealing .The hearing continues today .
17 .What does the story tell us about the old woman ?
18 .What was said to have been stolen ?
大 19 .What happened to Mrs .White after she was taken back to the store ?
学
英 20 .What was now the attitude of the department store in this legal case ?
语 1 .A 2 .B 3 .C 4 .D 5 .B
四 6 .C 7 .A 8 .A 9 .B 10 .D
级
考 11 .C 12 .D 13 .A 14 .B 15 .C
试 16 .A 17 .D 18 .D 19 .B 20 .C
历
年 Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
试
题
详 21 .A 解析 : 依据文章第一段第 1 行“ . . .decided to find out whether , as many smokers say , smoking helps them to
‘ think
解 and concentrate’.”( . . .帮助他们“思考和集中精力”)。A 是该句的最好解释。
22 .B 解析 : 本题要求判断 George Spilich 做试验的具体程序。依据文章第二段开头“In the first test . . .”文章第
139
三段开头“The next was more complex , . . .”文章第四段“In the third test of short - term memory . . .”第五段“ The fourth
test required people to . . .”第六段“As our tests became more complex . . .”说明测试项目越来越复杂。B 符合题意 , 故
为正确答案。
23 .A 解析 : 四个选项的意思分别为 :A) beat“击败 , 战胜”; B) envied“ 妒忌”; C) caught up with“ 赶上 ”; D) made the
“充分利用 (机会和时间 )”。该词出现的语境在第五段第 1 行始“Non - smokers remembered 19 percent more
best of
of the most important information than active smokers , and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just be-
fore testing .Active smokers tended not only . . .”从该句的上下文可看出 “
: non - smokers”( 不吸烟者) 比“active smokers”
表现好 “
, deprived smokers”要比“测试前抽了一支烟的人”表现要好。所以 A 项最合题意。
24 .C 解析 : 依据文章第二段第 2 行“In this simple test , smokers, deprived smokers and non - smokers performed equally
well .”( 在这个简单测试中 , 烟民 , 被剥夺抽烟权利的人和非吸烟者表现得一样好。) 说明 : 在从事简单任务时 , 吸
烟者并不比其测试对象表现得更好。C 正确。
25 .D 解析 : 依据文章第六段第 3 - 4 行“ . . .A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose , but if
something went wrong , smoking might damage his mental capacity .”( …一个吸烟的飞行员在不出现任何问题时将称职第
地驾驶飞机飞行。但是一旦出现问题 , 吸烟就会损害他的大脑判断力。)可以推论出 D“吸烟者在处理紧急事件二
时将证明是不能胜任的”。部
分
【参考译文】
华盛顿大学的心理学家 George Spilich 和他的同事们 , 为了发现究竟是不是像许多烟民所说的那样抽烟能
使他们集中注意力思考 , 而做了一个测试。他们选取三组人进行了一系列的测试 : 一组是不抽烟的年轻人 , 一
组是经常抽烟的人 , 还有一组是烟民但是却不给他们烟抽。
在第一个测试中 , 每个被测试者都坐在计算机屏幕前 , 如果他们在 96 个字母中找到了要求他们找到的那
个字母 , 立刻就按下一个按钮。在这个简单的测试中 , 不管是烟民、非烟民 , 或是不许他们抽烟的烟民 , 这三组
人的测试成绩都是一样的。
第二个测试的题目稍微复杂一些 , 要求所有人观察几组由 20 个相似的字母组成的序列 , 一旦看见某个字
母变成了另外一个就立刻做出反应。这个测试的结果是 : 非烟民反应最快 , 在尼古丁的刺激下老烟民的反应比
那些不让他们抽烟的烟民要快一些。
在第三个测试短期记忆力的测试中 , 非烟民所犯的错误是最少的 , 而相对于老烟民来说 , 不给他们抽烟的
烟民的错误要少一些。
在第四个测试要求被测者阅读一篇文章 , 然后就这个文章来回答问题。非烟民相对于老烟民来说 , 能够多
记住 19% 的重要信息 , 而不给他烟抽的烟民比那些在测试之前刚刚抽过一支烟的人来说 , 做得要好一些。老烟
民不但记忆力比较差而且不能够区分哪些是重要的信息 , 哪些是不重要的细节。大
Spilich 总结说随着测试越来越复杂 , 不抽烟的人比烟民做得越来越好。他推断在很多工作中 , 抽烟的人有学
可能做得相当不错 , 但一旦这些工作变得比较复杂 , 他们就不能胜任了。一个抽烟的飞行员 , 如果没有任何问英
语
题出现 , 他的飞行技术可能还不错 , 但是一旦有问题出现的时候 , 抽烟就会使他的大脑出现问题 , 不能很好地思四
考。级
考
【词语注释】
试
deprive[ di praiv] vt .剥夺 , 使丧失
subject [ s bd ikt] n .题目 , [ 语法] 主语 , 试验对象历
年
target [ ta git ] n .目标 , 对象
试
nicotine [ nik ti n] n .烟碱 , 尼古丁题
margin[ ma d in] n .极限 , 利润 , 差数详
解
pilot[ pail t] n .飞行员 , 领航员
【难句点拨】
140
The next test was more complex , requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the
letters transformed into a different one .
注意这句话中的“ the instant”一词的作用相当于一个连词 , 后面可以直接跟一个句子 , 意思是“一…… 就
……”。这句话的大意是 : 第二个测试的题目稍微复杂一些 , 要求所有人观察几组由 20 个相似的字母组成的序
列 , 一旦看见某个字母变成了另外一个就立刻作出反应。
26 .C 解析 : 依据文章第二段“Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two distinct activities .
A case might be made that the competent citizens of tomorrow should free themselves from their fear of computers .But this is
quite different from saying that all ought to know how to program one .”作者的意思是 : 要成为未来的 competent citizens 就
需掌握计算机 , 但并不是要求懂得如何编程序 , 只要求学会如何使用计算机就行。C 符合题意。
27 .D 解析 : 依据文章第二段第 4 - 5 行“While programming can be lots of fun , and while our society needs some people
who are experts at it ; the same is true of auto repair and violin - making .”(编程序可以是很有乐趣 , 我们的社会也需要
这方面专家 , 汽车修理和小提琴制造也是同样道理 ) 作者举例汽车修理和小提琴制作的例子是说我们不必懂得
如何修理汽车 , 只需懂得如何开车就行 , 我们不必了解如何制作小提琴 , 只需知道如何使用小提琴 , 如何欣赏就
第行 , 以此说明 , 知道使用计算机的人不必了解编程。所以正确选择应为 D。A、B、
C 和作者的真实意图无关 , 均
二
部应排除。
分 28 .B 解析 : 依据文章第三段第 1 至 2 行“Learning how to use a computer is not that difficult , and it gets easier all the
time as programs become more‘user - friendly’”( …因为程序对使用者“越来越友好”) 。B 符合题意。
29 .C 解析 : 依据文章第三段第 3 至 4 行“ What does the phrase‘ learning to use a computer’mean ? It sounds like
‘learning to drive a car’; that is , it sounds as if there is some set of definite skills that, once acquired , enable one to use a
computer .”(…听起来好像 , …就好像… )猛一看 , 考生很可能会选择 A 项。但是接着往下谈就会发现作者并不
是这个意思。第四段开头“ in fact , . . . .much more like‘ learning to play a game’, . . .One can only teach people to use
this or that program , and generally that is easily accomplished .”所以答案应在“ in fact”( 事实上) 以后的文字中找出。故
选 C。
30 .B 解析 : 选择 A、
C、D 都是作者在叙说解释“computer literacy”这一概念时所涉及的几个方面 , 所以均应排除。
B 正确。
【参考译文】
不可否认 , 学生们应该学一些有关计算机的知识 , 就好像他们至少应该知道内燃机跟燃烧燃料 , 气体膨胀
和活塞运动有关一样。人们应该对他们所使用的工具如何工作有一些基本常识。而且 , 学生可以学习一门讲
述计算机对社会的影响的课程 , 但是那种课程并不是我们所说的计算机能力。计算机能力不是我们说的会读
或者会写 , 它是一种技能 , 不能作为一种文科的科目来教授。
大
学学习怎样使用计算机和学习怎样编程是完全不同的两个过程。在未来有能力的人必须对计算机没有恐
英惧 , 但这并不意味着我们所有的人都应该知道怎样编程。编程的问题可以留给那些把编程作为工作的人来做。
语
四尽管编程可能是很有意思的工作 , 而我们的社会也确实需要编程方面的专家 , 但是我们的社会也需要修车的人
级和制作小提琴的人。
考学习使用计算机并不困难 , 尤其是当现在的程序越来越针对用户而设计。假设在将来所有的人都必须知
试
道如何使用计算机 , 这样才能成为一个有能力的人。那么“学习使用计算机”到底是什么意思呢 ? 这句话听起
历来就好像学习开车是一样的 , 也就是说有一些固定的技能 , 我们一旦学会了以后 , 就可以使用计算机了。
年实际上学习使用计算机 , 听起来更像学习玩一个游戏。学会了玩一个游戏并不意味着你就会玩第二个游
试
题戏 , 因为第二个游戏的规则可能和第一个并不一样。所以我们不能说教人学会使用计算机 , 我们只能说学会使
详用这一套或是那一套软件 , 这点是很容易的。
解
【词语注释】
internal - combustion engine 内燃机
141
have something to do with 与……有关

piston[ pistn] n .[ 机] 活塞
literacy[ lit r si ] n .有读写能力
competent[ k mpit nt ] adj .有能力的 , 胜任的
assume[ sju m] vt .假定 , 设想
【难句点拨】
For people should have some basic idea of how the things that they use do what they do .
这句话中的第一个词“for”是一个连词 , 引导一个原因从句。此外 , 注意这句话中的修辞。在“how the things
that they use do what they do”中 “
, that they use”是一个定语从句 , 修饰“the things”, 而“ the things”是主语 , 谓语是
“do”, 宾语是“what they do”。这句话的大意是 : 人们应该对他们所使用的工具如何工作有一些基本常识。
31 .A 解析 : 依据文章第三段第 1 至 2 行 “
: Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less
and less satisfying .If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment .”( …害怕作出对义务的承诺 ,
即不愿承担义务 ) 。A 项与之等同 , 故正确。第
32 .C 解析 : 文章第四段开头作者写道 “
: 带有婴儿的父母要是能睡上一晚整觉或度上一个三天的假日 , 那真是二
太幸运了。在我认识的人中 , 不会有人用 fun( 好玩 ) 来描述他们抚养孩子的感受。”看到这里 , 读者似乎会认为部
分
作者的意图是 B) a thankless job“出力不讨好毫无回报的事”, 而实际上 , 作者真实想法应在 But 之后的句中体现 ,
但是决定不生孩子的夫妻永远也体味不到看着孩子成长以及和孙子玩耍的那种乐趣 , 那种欣喜。这种乐趣 , 欣
喜实际就是一种回报。所以 C 正确。
33 .B 解析 : 依据文章最后一段第 4 至 5 行“And it liberates us from envy:we now understand that all those who are al-
ways having so much fun actually may not be happy at all .”说明 : 我们现在这样理解就可免除妒忌 , 那么反过来 , 妒忌
产生于我们的理解不当 , 即 misunderstanding, 故 B 正确。
34 .D 解析 : 依据文章第一段第 1 至 2 行“The way people hold to the belief that a fun - filled , painfree life equals happi-
ness actually reduces their chances of even attaining real happiness .”(人们坚持充满趣味、毫无痛苦的生活就等于幸福
这一信条实际上降低了他们获得真正幸福的可能性 ) 。再依据文章最后一段最后一句“ . . .all those who are al-
ways having so much fun actually may not be happy at all .”( ……生活中总是有如此多的 fun 的人实际上也许一点都
不幸福) 。可以看出要理解真正的幸福是什么就必须把 fun 和 happiness 区分开来。因为两者决不等同。故 D
正确。C 项应该是回答“怎样才能获得真正的幸福 ?”这一问题。
35 .A 解析 : 作者的意图出现在第一段第 3 至 4 行“But in fact , the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead
to happiness involve some pain .”( ……事实上 , 导致你产生幸福的事情多半伴随着痛苦) 。故 A 符合题意。
【参考译文】大
有人认为充满了乐趣、没有任何痛苦的生活就意味着幸福 , 这样的想法实际上降低了他们获得真正幸福的学
机会。如果说乐趣就意味着幸福的话 , 那么痛苦就应该是不幸了。但实际情况恰恰相反 , 幸福通常都伴随着某英
语
些痛苦。四
因为人们有这种想法 , 很多人就避免去做那些能够给他们带来真正幸福的事情。因为他们害怕伴随着真级
考
正幸福而来的一些痛苦 , 比如说 , 他们避免结婚 , 养儿育女 , 取得工作上的成就 , 承担宗教上的义务 , 获得自身的
试
提高等。
去问一个单身汉 , 为什么即使当他发现约会越来越没意思的时候 , 还是拒绝结婚呢 ? 如果他诚实的话 , 就历
年
会告诉你 , 他很担心 , 不愿意去承担责任。因为责任有时候是非常痛苦的。单身生活充满了乐趣、冒险和兴奋 ,
试
这样的时刻婚姻里也会有 , 但是这些并不是婚姻最重要的特点。题
带着婴儿的夫妇 , 如果能一直睡到天亮 , 或者能够有三天的假期 , 他们就是非常幸运的了。我认为没有任详
解
何父母会用乐趣这个词来描述养育孩子的过程。但是决定不要孩子的夫妻永远都不会知道 , 看着孩子成长或
者跟孙子玩耍的幸福。
142
如果能够意识到并且接受真正的幸福跟乐趣是没有关系的 , 这种认识就会给我们带来更大的自由。首先 ,

这会解放我们的时间 : 我们可以花更多的时间去做那些真正给我们带来幸福的事情。其次 , 这种认识会解放我
们的金钱观 : 花钱去买一辆新车或者一些新潮的衣服没有任何意义 , 它们根本就不会增加我们的幸福。而且 ,
它可以使我们不会心存嫉妒 : 因为我们会理解那些看起来总有很多乐趣的人 , 实际上不一定是幸福的。
【词语注释】
commitment[ k mitm nt ] n .承担义务
bachelor[ b t l ] n .单身汉
be filled with 充满
liberate…from 从……解脱出来
be reluctant to 不愿
hatred[ heitrid] n .憎恨 , 乱意 , 仇恨
【难句点拨】
The way people hold to the belief that a fun - filled , painfree life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever
第 attaining real happiness .
二
部这句话的句子不长 , 但结构较复杂 , 主语是“The way”, 谓语动词是“reduces”, 宾语是“their chances of ever at-
分 taining real happiness”, 其中“people hold to the belief”作定语修饰“The way”, 而“that a fun - filled , painfree life equals
happiness”则是“belief”的同位语。这句话的大意是 : 有人认为充满了乐趣、没有任何痛苦的生活就意味着幸福 ,
这样的想法实际上降低了他们获得真正幸福的机会。
36 .D 解析 : 四个选项的词意分别为 :A) superficial“表面的”; B) remarkable“令人惊奇的”; C) debatable“有争议的”;
“基本的 , 重要的”。该词出现的语境在第一段第 3 至 4 行“In fact , they say that if their companies are to
D) essential
compete in the global village and in the global market place, diversity is an imperative .”从上文出现的 if 从句( 如果要…)
判断 ,D 与之吻合。
37 .B 解析 : 依据文章第一段第 2 行始“ . . .we have a lot of contact with top corporate leaders; none of them is talking
about . . .produce diversity”, 排除 D。依据文章第二段开头“Likewise, I don’t hear people in the academy saying . . .”, 排
除 C。A 项 minorities (少数民族 )属于被排除对象 , 当然赞同实行 diversity , 也可排除。再依据文章第二段倒数第
2 行“So where we hear this debate is primarily in political circles . . .”故 B 正确。politicians 政客们对 diversity 依然意见
分歧。
38 .C 解析 : 依据文章第一段第 3 至 4 行“In fact , they say that if their companies are to compete in the global village and
in the global market place, diversity is an imperative , ”可以看出 : 公司高层领导人造成促进多样化的原因是全球市场
上更具竞争力。C 项符合题意 , 所以为正确答案。
大
学 39 .A 解析 : 文章第二段中 , 作者叙述了和一个非洲美国人交际的情况。那位教授说她刚到大学任教时 , 校园
英里少数民族学生很少 , 而现在规模已扩大了一倍 , 因此实行多样化每个人都感到很好。从中可以推断出 : 没有
语
四多样化 , 不拘一格降人才是绝对不可能实现的。故 A 项为正确答案。
级 40 .D 解析 : 依据文章第一段第 5 行始“they also say that the need for talented , skilled Americans means we have to ex-
考 pand the pool of potential employees , . . .corporate America understands that expanding the pool means promoting policies that
试
help provide skills to more minorities, more women , and more immigrants . . . .if that doesn’t occur in our society, they will not
历 have . . .they will need .”可以看出 , 在美国社会 , 要实现多样化只能通过给所有的人提供教育 , 不管他的种族和性
年别怎样。
试
题【参考译文】
详让我们看看关于多样性的辨论大多发生在什么地方 , 它们主要发生在政治圈子里。而在大学的基金会里 ,
解
我们有很多机会接触公司的高层领导 , 他们没有一个人说要把能够带来多样性的机制清除掉。实际上 , 他们认
为如果公司想要在全球市场上竞争的话 , 必须要有多样性。他们还说 , 如果需要一些有才干的 , 有技能的美国
143
人的话 , 就必须扩大潜在雇员的圈子。通过观察出生率增长的区域以及人口结构变化的区域 , 他们意识到扩大

这个圈子就意味着 , 采取一些政策帮助少数民族、妇女和移民学习到一些技能。公司领导知道如果这一点办不
到的话 , 他们就不会得到他们需要的工程师、科学家、律师或者经理。
同样 , 在学术圈子里 , 我也听到不少人说 “
: 咱们还是回到以前的好日子 , 回到那些不拘一格降人才的日
子。”这一点实际上是不正确的 , 因为我们从来没有做到过不拘一格降人才 , 尽管在过去的 30 年里 , 我们几乎达
到了这一点。最近我参观了纽约的一个小学院 , 它在过去的六年中少数民族的人数增加了两倍。我跟一个非
洲裔的美国人谈话 , 她是学校的一个教授。她说记得她刚来的时候 , 学校里只有为数不多的几个少数民族学生
和老师 , 而现在所有人都意识到 , 因为多样化我们的学校变得更好了。所以我们只是在媒体中 , 只是在政治圈
子里听到关于多样化的辨论 , 在学校里或是在公司里这种辨论是不存在的。
【词语注释】
diversity[ dai v siti] n .差异 , 多样性
corporate [ k p r t] adj .社团的 , 法人的 , 公司的
get rid of 除掉第
imperative [ im per tiv] n .命令 , 诫命 , 需要 adj .命令式的二
部
meritocracy[ meri t kr si ] n .知识界精华分
minority[ mai n riti] n .少数 , 少数民族
【难句点拨】
And in looking at where birth rates are growing and at where the population is shifting , corporate America understands
that expanding the pool means promoting policies that help provide skills to more minorities, more women and more immi-
grants .
这句话是由分词引导的条件句和一个主句组成的。其中在条件句“And in looking at where birth rates are
growing and at where the population is shifting”中 , 两个“where”引导的句子并列作“ looking at”的宾语。主句中“ ex-
panding the pool means promoting policies that help provide skills to more minorities, more women and more immigrants .”是
一个宾语从句 , 作主句的宾语 , 其中“that help provide skills to more minorities , more women and more immigrants”是这
个宾语从句的修饰成分 , 修饰“policies”。这句话的大意是 : 通过观察出生率增长的区域以及人口结构变化的区
域 , 他们意识到扩大这个圈子就意味着 , 采取一些政策帮助少数民族、妇女和移民能够学习到一些技能。
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure

大
41 .C 译文 : 19 世纪后半叶交通手段不断改进。解析 : 句中空格后有宾语 , 可先排除表示被动的 B、D 两项。A、学
C 两项的区别在于时态。根据主语 the last half of the nineteenth century ( 19 世纪后半叶 ) 应选择过去时 , 故 C 正英
语
确。
四
42 .B 译文 : 这羞涩的女孩回答不上老师的提问时 , 感到很尴尬 , 不自在。解析 : 句中的 uncomfortable 暗示了对级
B 项 awkward 尴尬的选择。其余三词分别意为 : A) amazed“ 惊奇的”; C) curious“ 好奇的 ”; D) amused“ 好玩的 , 有趣考
试
的”。
43 .A 译文 : 安妮从来不敢想象有机会被很快送往国外。解析 : 因句中“dream of”的“of”为介词 , 所以“there is a 历
年
chance”应使用动名词结构 , 故 A 正确。
试
44 .D 译文 : 把这些东西洗了 , 你真是太好了。但是你没有必要洗的。解析 : 根据句意应选择 D。“ didn’t have 题
to do”等于“needn’t have done”. 详
解
45 .D 译文 : 单亲家庭的孩子经常承担一些义务 , 而这些义务原本由他的父亲或母亲履行的。解析 : 四个选项
的意思分别为 : A) take off“拿去 , 取消 , 脱 (衣 , 帽等 ) , (飞机等 ) 起飞 , 离开”; B) take after“ ( 面貌 , 性格 ) 像 , 模仿”;
144
C) take in“接受 , 领会 , 理解 , 欺骗”; D) take on“呈现 , 雇佣 , 承担”。

46 .A 译文 : 他给人留下一种一辈子都在海外度过的印象。解析 : 根据 impression 的习惯用法 , 后接 of, 排除 B、
D
两项。A、C 项之间的区别在于语态 , 因空格后有宾语 , 故 A 项正确。
47 .B 译文 : 尖下巴是他最令人难忘的面部特征。解析 : 尖下巴属面部特征 , B 项“feature”( 特点 , 特征 ) 符合句
意。A) mark
“ 记号”; C) trace“痕迹 , 踪迹”;D) appearance“外表 , 相貌”。
48 .C 译文 : 我倒希望你暂时先别就此事发表意见。解析 : 句中的”
would rather”要求从句中使用过去式 , 故 C 正
确。
49 .A 译文 : 考虑到所有问题 , 原来的旅游将不得不取消。解析 : 因为句中空格后没有宾语 , consider 为及物动
词 , 可先排除 C、D 两项。B 项为动词原形 , 只能用在虚拟句中。A 项为过去分词 , 构成独立结构 , 正确。
50 .B 译文 : John Dewey 认为教育应该是为生活作准备 , 一个人应该通过实践来学习 , 教学必须激发孩子的好奇
心和创造力。解析 : 四个选项的词意分别为 : A) seek“ 寻求 , 寻找 ”; B) stimulate“ 激发 , 激励 , 刺激”; C) shape“ 塑
造”;D) secure“ 确保 ; 使安全”。从空格后的宾语“孩子的好奇心和创造力”判断 , B 项正确。
51 .D 译文 : 在帮助我们发现和纠正错误的过程中 , 批评与自我批评是非常必要的。解析 : 空格后为主谓结构
第的句子 , 且成分齐全 , 由各选择项观之 , 应为介词带宾语从句结构 , 连词为 that , 由此判定 D 项正确。由 that 引导
二
部的介词宾语只能跟 in , but , except , besides 等少数介词连用。
分 52 .B 译文 : 然而 , 自然界的这种平衡往往被打破 , 从而导致大量可能无法预见的后果。解析 : 四个选项的意思
分别为 : A) troubled“麻烦 , 困扰 , 打扰”; B)disturbed“ 打扰 , 打乱 , 打破”; C) confused“ 困惑 , 迷惑不解”; D) puzzled“ 迷
惑 , 窘困”。根据句子主语部分 this balance in nature( 大自然的这种平衡 ) 提示 , 应选择 B 项搭配 , 句意方能合理。
53 .A 译文 : 如果她现在不说出真相 , 他会不停地追问直到她告诉为止。解析 : 本题涉及一些时间状语从句和
条件状语从句中 , 若主句用将来时 , 则从句用一般现在时表示将来。因主句为一般将来时 , until 从句中应使用
现在时 , 替代将来时 , 故 A 正确。
54 .C 译文 : 这位病人的健康严重恶化 , 因此需精心护理。解析 : 根据句意“intensive“ ( 精心的 ) 修饰“ care”( 照
料) , 正确。其余几项的词义分别为 : A) tense
“绷紧的 , 紧张的”; B) rigid“刚硬的 , 刻板的 , 严厉的”; D) tight“紧的 ,
拉紧的 , 密封的 , 挤满的”。
55 .C 译文 : 地球上的每一个人对地球上的资源都享有同等的权利吗 ? 解析 : right to 意为“…的权利”。
56 .A 译文 : 美国人每天摄入的蛋白质是他们实际需要量的两倍。解析 : much 修饰名词 , 应放在 protein 之前 ,
twice 表示倍数 , 修饰“as much protein as”, 也应置前 , 故 A 项正确。
57 .D 译文 : 1914 年 , 发生在东欧一偏僻地区的一件不显眼的事件使欧洲陷入一场战争。解析 : 四个选项的含
义分别为 : A) inserted“ 插入 , 登载”; B) imposed“ 征( 税等 ) , 强加”; C) pitched“投 , 扔”;D) plunged“使陷入”。
58 .A 译文 : 英国人对与其不同的文化和行为方式不太熟悉 , 这种情况在其他国家也存在。解析 : 该题后半部
大
学分属关系代词 as 连接引出定语从句结构 , 可置于句首 , 也可放在句尾。that 不能用于非限制性定语从句。
英 59 .B 译文 : 很少有其他电子设备比机器人更能引起人们对将来就业的担忧了。解析 : 句中涉及“few electronic
语
四 applications”与 robots 之间的比较 , 所以应该用比较级 , 比较级的标志词为 than , 四个选项中表示比较级的只有 B
级项。故 B 项正确。
考 60 .C 译文 : 孩子们在家时 , 我们不得不忍受吵闹。
试
解析 : 四个词组的意思分别为 : A) go in for“从事于 , 酷爱 , 参加”; B)hold onto“抓住…不放 , 坚持”; C) put up with“忍
历受 , 容忍”; D)keep pace with“跟上 , 和…齐步前进”。根据句意分析应选择 C。
年 61 .C 译文 : 他刚才说的话和正在讨论的问题不相干。解析 : under discussion 构成一习惯搭配 , 含“讨论中”之
试
题意 , 符合句意要求 : 他刚才说的话和讨论的问题关系不大。相似的搭配还有 “ : under threat”( 处于威胁之中 ) ;
详 “under construction”( 正在建造中) “under
; arrest”( 处于被捕状态中 )
解
62 .B 译文 : 我们需要一位每个人都对他抱有信心的主席。解析 : 根据“have confidence in”搭配 , 应该选择 B 项。
注意区别 “
: be confident of”( 对…有把握) 。
145
63 .D 译文 : 据估计有超过三分之一的人口无法获得保健服务。解析 “Have

: ( no) access to”构成固定词组 , 表示
“有 (没有 ) 途径 , 机会进入 ( 享用 , 使用 )…”的意思。 D 项符合句意。其他三词的意思分别 : A) assessment“评价 ,
估价 , 评定”; B) assignment“分配 , 委派 , 任务 , 指定的作业”; C) exception“除…以外”。
64 .B 译文 : 对不起 , 如果你的电话不很急的话 , 能否让我先打 ? 解析 : 根据 do you mind 的用法 , 通常后跟两种
形式 : do you mind doing sth ., 或 do you mind if 从句。B 正确。
65 .D 译文 : Taylor 教授的演讲表明 : 对于科学家和非科学家的日常生活 , 科学都具有重要影响。解析 : A) moti-
vation“ 动机”; B)perspective
“前景”; C) impression“ 印象”; D) impact
“影响”。句意明显暗示对 D 项的选择。
66 .D 译文 : 经过几轮谈判 , 双方认为领土纠纷已经解决。解析 : B、
D 项属于“regard sth .to be done”和“regard sth .
as done”这两种结构都成立 , 但前者属非正规用法 , 在正式考题中 , 当选 D 项。
67 .C 译文 : 洪水每年都造成几十亿美元价值的财产损失。解析 : 四个选项的意思分别为 : A) relatively“相对地 ,
比较地”; B) actually“实际上”; C) annually“每年”; D) comparatively“ 相对地 , 相比较地”。从句意分析可排除 A、
B、D
项。C 项正确。
68 .A 译文 : 我们都赞同你延期讨论的建议。解析 : 句中的 proposal 要求 that 从句中谓语部分用 should 加原形第
动词 , should 可省略。首先排除 B、
D 项。A、
C 项的区别在于语态 , put off 后需加宾语 , 句中空格后没有 , 故选择二
部
动词的被动形式。A 正确。分
69 .A 译文 : 这些商品基本上用于出口 , 尽管其中一部分也在国内市场销售。解析 : 四个选项的意思分别为 : A)
“ 基本地 , 本质地”; B) completely“ 完整地 , 全部地 ; 彻底地”; C) necessarily“ 必要的 , 必须地”; D) remarkably
essentially
“异常地 , 非凡地 , 值得注意地 , 显著地”。
70 .D 译文 : 这门课一般每年有 20 多个学生 , 其中将近一半来自国外。解析 : 句意指人 , 可先排除 A、C 两项。
把该句分解成两个独立的句子 :The course normally attracts 20 students per year .( Up to)half of them will be from over-
seas .可以看出 , half 后应接介词 of , 故 D 正确。
Part Ⅳ Cloze
71 .D 解析 : 空格前有 long 可排除 A、

C 两项 , 搭配不对。根据上文的 begin early 可以判断出大学的录取招收工
作应在学生中学毕业之前。D 项正确。
72 .A 解析 : 修具体的课程 , 应为 course。discipline 和 subject 都是极为正式的“学科”和“科目”, major 为“专业”,
所以 B、
C、D 三项均排除。
73 .C 解析 : 测试的目的是看学生对上大学准备得有多好 , 有多充分。故选 C well .
大
74 .C 解析 : 此处暗示“填表”, C 正确。A、D 两项通常用于抽象的概念。B 项强调动作的结果 , 表示“完成了某学
事”。英
语
75 .A 解析 : 句意为“…他们希望上( 进入 )的大学”, attend the university”正确。B、
C、D 三词搭配均不对。
四
76 .D 解析 : 此处为“…被要求…”之意。A、
B、C 三项词意不符。D 正确。级
77 .B 解析 : 此处是表示“衣着整洁”, 指状态 , 应选 B 项。A、C 两项意思不合。D 项用法不对。考
试
78 .D 解析 “be
: determined to”构成一固定词组意为“决心”。A、
B 两项用法不对。C 不合句意。
79 .B 解析 : 学生想展示的是他们具有良好的态度以及取得成功的能力。当选 ability。A、C 项不合句意。D 项历
年
搭配不符。
试
80 .B 解析 : accepted 此处表示“被录取”。也可根据文章开头的提示。题
81 .C 解析 “
: take one or two steps”表示“还需做一二件事情”。详
解
82 .A 解析 : 根据句意分析 , 此处应为“开始 , 着手学习”。Getting to work 正确。
83 .A 解析 : 根据句意推断 , 此处暗指“提供”, B、
C 两项不合题意 , 首先排除。Supply 通常用于提供实物 , 也就
146
是提供具体的、实在的东西。故 A 正确。
84 .C 解析 : 应选择介词 in , 表示“在这些项目中”。
85 .B 解析 : 通过这些项目 , 学生可以了解如何进行报名、注册 , 如何咨询。根据句意分析 , 此处应指“程序”, 了
解这些程序 , 为日后的大学生活作准备。所以 B 正确。
86 .C 解析 : 学生了解的是如何使用、利用图书馆。C 项符合题意 , 其余几项意义不符。
87 .A 解析 : 此处指学校的其他主要设施。B、
C、D 三项意义不符。
88 .D 解析 : 句意为 “在一个全新的地方开始新的生活会是…。
: ”此处无法直接作出选择。但下文说到 : 对学校
的了解越多 , 就越容易适应新的环境。如果了解不多 , 那么 , 在新环境的生活会是“搞不清楚 , 令人迷惑的”。所
以 D 项正确。
89 .B 解析 : 根据句意判断 , 此处应为“关于 , 对”, 应选择介词 about。
90 .D 解析 “adapt
: to”构成固定词组 , 表示“适应…”, 符合题意。
第
二 Part Ⅴ Writing
部
分
Do“Lucky Numbers”Really Bring Good Luck ?
范文 1 :
Some people assume that“lucky numbers”would bring them good luck .For example , such numbers ended with“8”as
“18”and“168”are all considered lucky ones because they are pronounced in some dialectal Chinese as“fa”“yao
, fa”, and
“yi lu fa”,which have been given unique explanations by some certain people, say“8”
, means“making a fortune”“18”
, means
“going to make a fortune”“168”means“gathering
, “8”s the better , because they are be-
fortune all the way”; and the more
“fortune”.
lieved to be meaning much more
“ lucky numbers”
The assumption that such would bring people good luck is rather ridiculous .I can’t see the least bit of
connection between a digital number and one’s luck . They are just digital codes , applied in various fields of people’s everyday
life , say , the car plate and telephone number .So that people can easily distinguish this car from that car , or this set of tele-
phone from that one .One’s luck only consists in oneself .A driver still needs to abide by the traffic regulations however much
“luck”his car plate means; otherwise he can’t escape accidents on the road .
Good luck can only befall one who is making efforts, say ,working hard ,studying hard .People should not entrust their luck
to a lifeless“ luck number”. They are simply two different things .
大
学 “ Lucky Numbers”Really Bring Good Luck ?
Do
英
语范文 2 :
四 “4 , 8 , 9”and so on .Therefore ,when they want to
Some think certain numbers may bring good luck .These numbers include
级
choose a car number and a phone number , they are inclined to choose the number which ends with these lucky numbers .
考
试 In my opinion , there is no relations between the so - called lucky numbers and luck .It is merely a superstitious belief .
The only key to success or wealth lies in hard work .It is really ridiculous to believe in those numbers and buy it at a higher
历
price as phone number or car number .If we are too dependent on it, we may become lazy or easily discouraged when these
年
试 numbers proved to be useless .We should believe in our own effort to strive for the success .
题
详
解
147
Section A
1 .W :Did you see last night’s film on channel 4 ?
M: Well .I meant to see it , but a friend of mine came to see me .We had a nice long talk about our school days .
Q: What did the man do last night ?
2 .W :Did you get my message about the meeting on Monday ?
M: Yes , I did .But I’m still not quite sure what the meeting is about .Not bad news, I hope .
Q: What does the man wish to know most ?
3 .W :You have arranged to meet Mr .Johnson on Wednesday, so I don’t have to write to him , do I ? 第
M: There’s no need to write to him . 二
Q: What are the speakers talking about ? 部
分
4 .W :Did Jack find the tape he borrowed from Paul ? Do you know ?
M: He looked everywhere for it , but in the end he had to go to the party without it .
5 .M: Hello, my name is Carlson .I believe you have a room booked for me .
W : Carlson ? Oh , yes ,Mr .Carlson .It’s a single room with a bath on the second floor .I hope it will suit you , sir .
Q: What does the conversation tell us ?
6 .M: Do you have the paperback edition of this dictionary ?
W :Yes , We do .But the hard cover is on sale for the same price as the paperback .
Q: What does the woman say about the dictionary ?
7 .W :Are these TV sets the newest models ?
M: Sure .They represent the latest technology .Actually , We sell nothing but the best .
Q: What does the man mean ?
8 .W :Are you coming with me to the history museum, George ?
M: I already have my hands full with this book report .
Q: What does the man mean ? 大
9 .M: How are your piano lessons going ? 学
W :Very well .My teacher thinks I’m making progress .And I find lessons well - worth the time and trouble . 英
语
Q: What does the woman think of her piano lessons ? 四
10 .M: Is that nice - looking straw hat light and strong ? 级
考
W: Yes , you can wear it in rain or shine .
试
Q: What are they talking about ?
Section B 历
年
Passage One
试
After retiring from 30 years of teaching , Ethbell Pepper could easily have decided to sit back and relax and enjoy a 题
peaceful retirement .But that kind of life is not for Ethbell Pepper“I
. just wanted to do something different .If you are going to 详
解
participate in life , do it .Don’t just sit down and look out of the window .”She says .At 68 , she decided to become one of the
pioneer participants in a program at the University of California .The program offers campus housing and classes to people over
148
sixty .She enrolled in a class called Human Relationships and Diverse Society“
. I taught my minority students in my English
and Drama classes in high school for 20 years .But in this course, I found out a lot about other cultures I didn’t know then .
One of the most important lessons that I’m learning is to perceive, not to judge .”
Older adults can add to the educational re-
sources of the university by bringing with them a lot of valuable experience .Their presence on campus helps break some long
beliefs about aging .Young students may have fears of growing older .But that kind of fear can be reduced as they see that older
people can be active, healthy , and continue to contribute to society .The younger students can begin to see aging as a natural
part of living .
11 .What did Ethbell do when she was 68 ?
12 .How long did Ethbell teach minority students ?
13 .What do elderly people do to the university ?
14 .What’s the most important lesson Ethbell is learning ?
Passage Two
Do you have a tough math test coming up ? Then listen to some classical piano music just before the test .You might end
第 up with a higher score .Researchers at a university in California conducted an experiment .They asked a group of college stu-
二 dents to listen to some piano music by a famous 18th century composer before taking a math test .They were surprised to find
部 out that the students’scores jumped 8 to 9 points .The music seems to excite nerve activities in the brain ; similar to the activity
分
that occurs when a person is figuring out a math problem .However , the scientists warn before you get too excited about apply-
ing this method to your math test , you should remember that brain exciting effects last only 10 or 15 minutes .Would rock music
work as well as the piano music did ?No , the scientists say .In fact , the less complex music might even interfere with the brain’
s reasoning ability .
15 .What is this passage mainly about ?
16 .Why can classical music play a positive role in problem solving ?
17 .What is one of the findings of the research ?
Passage Three
When a sleepy driver has trouble in keeping his eyes on the road and gets too close to another car , an alarm will sound to
warn the driver .If nothing is done , the car will automatically come to a stop and in this way prevent an accident .This is a new
device which will soon be tested in an experimental car in Japan .The computer warning system keeps track of a driver’s con-
dition by monitoring his heart beat with signals transmitted from a band round his wrist .The wrist band records the driver’s
pulse which measures the heart beat .Each pulse in the wrist sends a signal to the computer .By analyzing the pulse rate , the
computer can determine whether a driver is drunk , sleeping or ill .Devices in other parts of the car can also tell the computer if
the car is too close to another vehicle or is moving dangerously .The computer will sound the alarm when a problem arises, and
大
学 will automatically stop the car if the driver ignores the warning .
英 18 .Why is a computer system installed in an experimental car ?
语 19 .What did the computer system do first when a problem arises ?
四
级 20 .What is special about the new computer system ?
考 1 .B 2 .D 3 .A 4 .C 5 .B
试 6 .A 7 .C 8 .D 9 .A 10 .D
历 11 .C 12 .B 13 .A 14 .D 15 .C
年 16 .A 17 .B 18 .C 19 .B 20 .D
试
题
详 Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
解
21 .C 解析 : 根据第一段 1 至 3 行“ . . .a tiny village with thatched roof cottages . . .a narrow village street lined with
149
thatched cottages . . .a pretty collection of thatched farm buildings . . .”这三行中最主要的中心词应该是 thatched cot-
tages, 作者在段末进一步明确提出“Most people will agree that the thatched roof is an essential part of the attraction of the
English countryside .”应该说 C 项 cottages with thatched roofs 构成了英格兰乡村的新景观。
22 .D 解析 : 依据第三段第 1 行“ thatching is a solitary craft which often runs in families”可以确定 D 项与之意思吻
合 , 故正确。
23 .A 解析 : 依据文章第三段第 4 行“ . . .not only for its beauty but because they know it will keep them cool in summer
and warm in winter .”(…不仅因为它的美观 , 而且具有冬暖夏凉的特点。) A 项正确。
24 .B 解析 : 依据文章第四段第 3 行始“However , they may lack the money to allow them to import the necessary materi-
als .Their temporary mud huts with thatched roofs of wild grasses often only last six months .”可以看出 : 发展中国家也有人
居住在 thatched huts 里 , 是因为他们没钱建更好的房子 , 而他们使用的是 wild grasses 极为便宜。B 项正确。
25 .C 解析 : 本题最大干扰项为 A 项 , 依据文章第三段第 1 至 2 行“The craft of thatching as it is practised today has
changed very little since the Middle Ages .”该句意思是说 thatching 的工艺自从中世纪以来变化甚小 , 即是说 thatching
工艺是从很久以前传下来的 , 而 A 项的主语是 thatched cottage , 并不是一回事 , 故应排除。第
【参考译文】二
小村庄的教堂周围环绕着茅草屋顶的小屋 ; 驾车驶过狭窄的乡村小路 , 路边是一排排刷成白色或粉色的小部
分
茅屋 ; 从山顶望过去 , 看到一片美丽的茅草农舍 , 这在英国的某些地区仍是常见的景象。人们认为 , 这些茅草屋
顶的农舍是英国乡村最吸引人的景色。
茅草做屋顶实际上是英伦诸岛最古老的建筑技艺 , 尽管茅草屋顶通常都用在农舍上面 , 但是曾经它也用在
过城堡和教堂的建筑上。
茅草做屋顶是一门单独的手艺 , 因为它通常只在家族内部传递。今天我们所见的这种茅草做屋顶的手艺 ,
从中世纪以来变化很少。今天在英格兰和威尔士有 800 多个全职的用茅草做屋顶的工匠 , 他们不但维护和翻
新过去的老屋顶 , 也做新的茅草屋顶。很多人都愿意选择茅草屋顶 , 因为它们不但美观 , 而且还能使房间冬暖
夏凉。
如果我们看一下发展中国家 , 就会发现世界上有一多半的人口都居住在茅草屋顶的房子里 , 但是他们的工
艺和我们的有所不同。发展中国家的人们不太愿意用传统的原料 , 而更愿意选择现代建筑。但是他们又没有
足够的钱来购买建筑现代建筑所必需的原料。他们用茅草来做屋顶 , 房子是用泥堆起来的 , 这种房子经常只能
维持六个月。而在英国 , 茅草屋顶的房子可以维持 20 至 60 年 , 而且可以有效地抵抗炎热的天气。
【词语注释】
thatched[ t d] adj .草盖的
cottage[ k tid ] n .村舍 , 小别墅大
craft[ kraft ] n .工艺 , 手艺学
solitary[ s lit ri ] adj .孤独的英
语
defiance [di fai ns] n .挑战 , 蔑视 , 挑衅四
【难句点拨】级
考
The craft of thatching as it is practiced today has changed very little since the Middle Ages .
试
本句是一个复杂句 , 其中主句的主语是 The craft of thatching , 谓语是 has changed ; as 引导的方式状语从句对
主句的主语起补充说明作用。历
年
26 .C 解析 : 从文章的第一段以及整篇文章所谈及的内容判断“The business of America is business”论断中的两个
试
business 定义不同 , 第一个 business 显然应该作“主要事务或头等大事”解释 , 第二个 business 即是通常意义上的题
理解 : 商业 , 生意 , 贸易。所以该句的含义应是 C 项。详
解
27 .D 解析 : 依据文章第二段第 3 行开始“Competiton is not only good in itself , it is the means by which other basic
American values such as individual freedom, equality of opportunity, and hard work are protected .”D 项正确。
150
28 .B 解析 : 依据文章第三段“Competiton protects the freedom of the individual by . . .where many businesses compete for
the customers’dollars , they cannot afford to treat them like inferiors or salves .”可以看出竞争使消费者 , 即顾客受益 , 也
使商人获利。所以 , 答案为 B。
29 .A 解析 : 谈及 government 和 business 差异比较的地方出现在第四段开头“A contrast is often made between busi-
ness,which is competitive , and government, which is a monopoly .”此处的“monopoly”指“monopoly of power”(权力垄断也
即权力的高度集中控制 ) , 故 A 项对。
30 .B 解析 : 依据文章最后一段第 1 行始“Competition is seen as an open and fair race where success goes to the swiftest
person regardless of his or her social class background .Competitive success is . . .alternative to social rank based on family
background .Business is therefore viewed as . . .rather than the aristocratic idea of inherited privilege .”可以推断出 : 在其他
国家中 , 一个人的成功经常依靠他的家庭背景、社会地位。故 B 为正确选项。
【参考译文】
Coolidge 总统曾经说过美国的事业就是商业。这个说法到今天看来也还是非常重要的 , 美国的商业机构在
社会中享有比其他机构更大的威望 , 包括政府在内。为什么商业机构享有如此显赫的地位呢 ?
第原因之一是 , 美国人认为商业比其他社会机构更能体现竞争的理念 , 而竞争在大多数美国人眼里是进步和
二
部繁荣的主要源泉 , 因此有竞争力的商业企业受人尊敬。竞争还捍卫了美国人其他的一些基本的价值观 , 比如说
分个人自由、机会均等和辛勤劳作。
竞争通过确保没有权力的垄断来保护个人自由。和一个全能的政府不同的是 , 许多商业企业互相竞争 , 以
求得利润。从理论上来说 , 如果一个商业企业试图欺骗顾客 , 其他公平待客的竞争对手就会超过他。当多个商
业企业为了赚取顾客腰包里的钱而竞争时 , 他们就不会把顾客看成是傻子或奴隶。
我们经常听到关于政府和商业企业的对比 , 前者是垄断机构 , 后者充满了竞争。因为商业是竞争性的 , 所
以很多美国人认为相对政府而言 , 它更能够保证自由 , 尽管政府的领导人是人民选举出来的 , 而商业机构的领
导人并不是由人民选出来的。许多美国人认为在确保自由方面 , 竞争与民主同样重要 , 甚至比民主更重要。
商业竞争还能够加强机会均等的理念。竞争就像是一个公开、公平的赛跑。不管一个人的社会背景怎样 ,
只要他是跑得最快的一个 , 就能取得胜利。在竞争中取得的胜利被认为是美国社会中能够取代家庭和社会背
景的一个因素。这就是为什么人们能常认为商业体现了机会均等的理念 , 而不是贵族世袭的理念。
【词语注释】
prestige [ pre sti d ] n .声望 , 威望
base on 在……基础上
monopoly[ m n p li ] n .垄断
theoretically[ i retik li ] adv .理论上 , 理论地
大
学 aristocratic [ rist kr tik] adj .贵族的 , 贵族化的
英 inherited[ in heritid] adj .通过继承得到的 , 遗传的 ; 继承权的
语
四【难句点拨】
级 One reason is that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the ideal of competition than other institutions
考 in society .
试
本句是一个复杂句 , 由 that 引导的表语从句中 , 介词短语“ as being more…than other institutions”充当宾语 busi-
历 ness 的补足语 , 而在此宾语补足语中 , 有一个比较结构“more firmly based than other institutions .”
年 31 .D 解析 : 依据文章第一段开头“the appeal of advertising to buying motives can . . .consumers may be convinced to buy
试
题 a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement”可以看出 D 项应是原因。
详 32 .D 解析 : 依据文章第二段“Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading . . .It turned out that the bread was not di-
解
etetic , but just regular bread . . .but there were the same number of calories in every loaf .”D 项吻合段意。
33 .A 解析 : 依据文章第三段开头“On the positive side , emotional appeals may respond to a consumer’s real concerns .”
151
接着作者举火灾保险的例子加以说明。所以 A 项对 , 其他几项均可从相关段落中排除。
34 .A 解析 : 在叙说了 advertising 负面影响和正面影响之后 , 作者在第四段写道“ Each consumer must evaluate her
or his own situation .Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it ? . . .Consumers still control the final
buying decision”。说明一个聪明的消费者对广告中所标榜的种种优点应该考虑有加。A 项正确。
35 .C 解析 : 一般说来 , 文章的中心思想极有可能出现在文章的开头或结尾。本文的主题出现在开头“ The ap-
C 项恰当。
peal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects .”
【参考译文】
广告对顾客购买心理的影响有好的一面也有坏的一面。顾客可能会受一个广告的影响而去买一个质量不
好或者价格很高的产品。比如有些广告利用了人们想买更省油的汽车的心理 , 宣传能提高汽车单位油耗行驶
里程的产品。有些产品有用 , 而有些产品完全是在浪费消费者的钱。
有些时候广告是在故意误导消费者。例如几年以前 , 有一种品牌的面包宣传它的每片面包中所含的热量
比正常面包少 , 适合减肥的人食用。结果发现它并不是减肥面包 , 而是一种普通的面包。因为它每片都切得非
常薄 , 所以每一薄片里面的热量少了 , 但是整个面包所含的热量并不比普通面包少。第
广告也有好处。在广告中所有的一些情感上的因素 , 可能真的是针对消费者的需要来考虑的。举一个买二
火灾险的例子。火灾保险是针对人们怕遭受损失这一点来打动人的购买欲望的 , 而实际上迫遭受损失正是买部
分
火灾保险的真正原因。购买保险给人带来财产有保障的安全感 , 这种安全感使大多数人觉得购买火险是值得
的投资。如果人们既考虑了火险的实际价值 , 又考虑了火险广告中的信息 , 他们就会从这些广告中受益。
每个消费者都必须考虑自己的实际情况。究竟产品有多好 , 是否值得我们去购买它 ? 广告确实想要打动
消费者 , 但是它并没有强迫你去买那些产品 , 最终的决定权还是在消费者自己手里。
【词语注释】
appeal to 请求 , 求助
dieter[ dait ] n .节食者 , 减肥者
calorie [ k l ri ] n .卡路里
slice [ slais] n .薄片 , 切片
dietetic[ dai tetik] adj .有关饮食卫生的
【难句点拨】
For example , some advertisers have appealed to people’s desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising auto-
motive products that improve gasoline mileage .
本句是一个复杂句 , 在主句中 , 介词短语 by advertising 充当方式状语 , 说明谓语动词 appealed , 此状语中的宾
语 products 又有一个由关系代词 that 引导的宾语从句。大
36 .D 解析 : 依据文章第一段第 3 行“It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading .” 学
37 .B 解析 : 依据文章第二段第 2 行开始“The function of teaching is to creat the conditions and the climate that will 英
语
B 项符合上述意思 , 故为四
make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read .”
正确答案。级
考
38 .B 解析 : 该题为猜测词义题。首先四选项的含义应该明确 : A)“inquiry”询问 B)“observation”观察 C)“ control”
试
控制 D)“ suspicion”怀疑。出现该词的句子为“process is not open to public scrutiny”考生可从该句的上文作出推测。
而最明显的提示出现在第二段最后一句“Teaching is also a public activity .It can be seen and observed .”所以 , scrutiny 历
年
最可能的词义应该是 observation , 故 B 项正确。
试
39 .A 解析 : 依据文章第四段、第五段所提供的信息 , 特别是第五段第 2 行“ Learning to read is made easier when 题
teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading .” 详
解
可以看出 A 项与之最为相近。
40 .C 解析 : 依据文章第一段第 3 行“reading cannot be taught directly and . . .”说明阅读能力并不是通过教师教就
152
能掌握的。教师所应做的是给学生创造一个好的环境和条件 , 激发学生阅读的渴望 , 培养出良好的阅读习惯、

方法 , 只有这样 , 才能掌握阅读技能 , 提高阅读水平。
【参考译文】
老师们一定要区分教和学之间的不同点 , 否则的话他们就会一直代替孩子们去做只有他们自己才可以做
的事情。教孩子阅读并不是把阅读任务传给他们 , 也不是没完没了地把时间都花在跟阅读有关的行为上面。
Douglas 认为 “阅读是不可能直接教授的
: , 因此学校应该停止做这种不可能的事情。”
教和学是两个完全不同的过程。它们本质不同 , 作用也不同。教的作用是创造一种环境、一种氛围 , 使得
孩子们能够找到最有效的自学方法 , 去自学阅读。另外教是一个公开的行为 , 大家都可以观察到的行为。
学习阅读是个人通过各种努力来理解书面语言的过程。学的过程相比较教的过程 , 是一个个人行为。学
是在在脑里进行的 , 这一过程是别人看不到的。
如果老师和学生彼此的角色是不能互换的 , 我们应该怎样帮助孩子去获得知识呢 ? Smith 关于阅读教学提
出一个原则 “
: 使学习阅读简单化 , 把学习阅读的过程变得有意义、有意思 , 并使其成为一种经常的体验。”
当我们认清了老师和学生各自不同的角色 , 而且他们彼此都承担了自己的角色之后 , 双方感到的压力和挫
第
二败感都会减轻不少。学习阅读也会变得容易起来 , 因为老师会给孩子创造一个环境 , 在这个环境中孩子们可以
部通过阅读来解决在学习阅读当中所遇到的问题。
分【词语注释】
distinguish[ di sti gwi ] v .区别 , 辨别
scrutiny[ skru tini] n .详细审查
interchangeable[ int t eind ebl ] adj .可互换的
quest[ kwest ] n .寻求 , 探索 vt /. vi .寻找
eliminate [ i limineit] vt .排除 , 消除
【难句点拨】
The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the
most efficient system for teaching themselves to read .
这是一个复杂句 , 主句的表语由不定式短语“to create the conditions and the climate”充当 , 而由 that 这一关系
代词引导的定语从句修饰并列宾语“the conditions and the climate”, 其中的“it”是形式宾语 , 逻辑宾语则是后面的
不定式短语“to devise the most efficient system…”。此句话的意思是 : 教的作用在于为孩子们创造条件和环境 , 使
他们可能设计出最有效的体系 , 来教自己阅读。
大
学 Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure
英
语 41 .B 译文 : 一个人整个一生中对热量的需求有所不同。解析 : 介词 throughout 和 life 构成介词短语 , 恰当。
四
级 42 .D 译文 : 在那个地区进行了一次关于初生婴儿死亡率的调查 , 调查结果令人吃惊。解析 : 从句子结构分析 ,
考逗号后的句子为定语从句。可首先排除 A、C 两项 , 因为选择项中没有关系代词。再根据“结果”和“调查”两者
试
的关系 “
, 调查”应是“结果”的定语 , 故选择 D 项。
历 43 .A 译文 : 足够的基础科学基金会对国民的健康、财产、安全带来相当可观的好处。解析 : 四个选择项的意思
年分别是 : A) lead to“导致”; B) result from
“是由…引起的”; C) lie in“ 在于”;D) settle down“定居 ; 从事固定职业 ; 平静
试
题下来”。从空格前后两部分的关系判断 , 应该是因果关系 , 前半部分是原因 , 后半部分是结果 , 所以选择 A 项。
详 44 .C 译文 : 在社会变革时间 , 人们的思想状态趋向于和社会的迅速变化一起发展。解析 “keep
: pace with”构成
解一固定词组 , 意为“跟…齐步前进 , 跟上…发展”。吻合句意 , 故正确。“keep step with”也是一固定词组 , 但意为
“跟…步调一致”。touch 的词组构成应该是“keep in touch with”, 意为“和…保持联系”。
153
45 .C 译文 : 这个女孩在朴素的生活氛围中接受教育 , 这是她父母所希望的。解析 : 从成分判断 , 空格处应充当

句子的主语 , 所以 C 项分词短语可作主语 , the girl 作逻辑主语。其他诸项均应排除。
46 .A 译文 : 即便计算无误 , 科学家也永远无法确保他们已经考虑到了所有的变量并且模型的设立准确。解
析 : 四个选择的含义分别是 : A) even if“即使 ; 即便 , 哪怕”; B) as far as“ ( 表示程度 , 范围 ) 就… ; 至于…”; C) if only
“只要 ; 要是…多好”; D) so long as
“只要”。根据主句句意 “科学
: 家也永远不能确定…”空格处应选用 even if, 构
成让步从句 , 意思是 : 即便计算是正确的 , 科学家也永远不能…。C、D 项构成条件从句 , 不妥。
47 .B 译文 : 我乘坐的火车要到今晚 8 点钟到达纽约 , 到时我转乘的飞机已经飞走了。解析 : 根据空格后的 by
then , then 应该指“eight o’clock tonight”, 该句子应选用将来完成时 , 故 B 项正确。
48 .D 译文 : 他就那个项目的讲话让我感到很厌烦。解析 : 在 which 引导的定语从句中 , the project 前缺少一个
介词 , 所以选择 concerning 表示“关于”之意。
49 .A 译文 :Harry 采蜜时被蜜蜂螫了一下。解析 : 句中的 bee 暗示了对 A 项的选择。 stung 的原形动词应是
sting“刺、螫、叮”。其余三项的意思分别为 : B) stuck( stick)“ 戳 , 刺死”; C) bitten( bite)“咬”;D) scratched“抓”。
50 .B 译文 : 这个小偷试图打开锁着的门 , 但枉费心机。解析 : B) in vain“ 徒劳的 , 白白浪费的”, 正确的。A) in no 第
way“一点也不 , 决不”; D) at a loss
“困惑 , 不知所措”。二
51 .D 译文 : 因为暴风雪 , 所有的航班都被取消 , 许多乘客别无他法只能乘火车。解析 : 该题为“逻辑主语 + do- 部
分
ing”构成主语独立结构 , 表示原因。
52 .B 译文 : 看到由他造成的损失 , 这个小孩感到很羞愧。解析 “on
: + doing sth .”, 表示“就在某时或某场合 ( 之
后) ; 一…就…”。
53 .D 译文 : 请记住 : 在那个城市顾客买东西是不讨价还价的。解析 : 四个选项的词义分别为 : A) debate“争论 ,
辩论”; B) consult
“咨询 , 商量”; C) dispute
“争论 , 争执 ; 对…提出质疑”; D)bargain“对…讨价还价”。
54 .C 译文 : 研究结果表明我们每晚有两个小时在做梦 , 不管白天做了什么。解析 : 应该选择 C 项“may have
done”( 可能做了什么) , 其他几项用法 , 意义或语气都不对 , 故应排除。
55 .C 译文 : 我希望你打信时更为小心 , 不要漏掉任何内容。解析 : 四个选项的意思分别是 : A) lack“ 缺乏 , 缺
少”; B)withdraw
“退出 , 撤出 , 收回 , 提取”; C) omit“省略 , 略 , 遗漏”; D) leak“ ( 房顶 , 管子 )漏水 , 漏气”。
56 .B 译文 : 这种作物在其他土壤上都生长不好 , 但这块土壤除外 , 因为该作物是专门为该土壤培育的。解析 :
Other than : 表示“除了”, 例如 :All parts of the house other than the windows were in good condition“除了窗户
: , 屋子的其
他部分都很好”。其他三词的词义和句意都不吻合。outside“ 在 … 之外”; beyond“ 远于 , 超出”; rather than“ 而不
是”。
57 .A 译文 “你太自私了
: , 你应该认识到你并不是这世界上最重要的人”Edgar 生气地对老板说道。解析 : 该题
为“It’s high time that . . .”结构 , 从句中的动词使用过去时 , 故 A 项正确。类似的结构还有“It’s time that . . .”和大
“It’s about time that . . .”等。学
58 .C 译文 : 这两个地区在这一点上很相似 : 这个季节都有很大的降雨量。解析 : 该题为“in + 关系代词 that”结英
语
构 , 也可把 in that 看成一个连词 , 作“因为”解。故 C 正确。四
59 .A 译文 : 番茄汁在我的夹克前部留下了一些紫色斑迹。解析 : A ) spots“ 斑点 , 污点 , 缺点 , 地点 , 场所”; B) 级
考
“点”C) track
point “ 行踪 , 航迹 ; 小径 , 路 ; 轨道 , 跑道”; D) trace“踪迹 , 足迹 ; 痕迹 , 轨迹”。句意要求是 A 项 , 取“斑
试
点”之意。
60 .A 译文 : 如果你摔下来时我没有站在梯子下接住你 , 那么你现在就不会在这儿笑了。解析 : 条件从句和主历
年
句发生在不同的时间 , 必须使用不同的时态。该句前半句发生在过去 , 后半句发生在现在 , 所以选择 A 项。
试
61 .C 译文 : 这位委员反对变动计划。解析 “oppose
: to”构成固定搭配 , 意为“反对”。题
62 .D 译文 : 如果有足够的钱 , 我们明年将访问欧洲。解析 : 四个选项的词义分别为 : A) lest
“唯恐 , 以免”; B) until 详
解
“直到…”; C) unless
“除非 , 如果不”;D) provided“ 假如 , 如果”, 意同 if。句意要求 D 项。
63 .A 译文 : 我父亲似乎没有心情看我的学校成绩报告单。解析 “be
: in the ( be in no) mood to do sth .”为固定词
154
组 , 意为“有 ( 没有 ) 做…的心境”。A 正确。

64 .B 译文 : 当意识到警察盯上他时 , 他立即朝出口处走去。解析 : 四个由 make 构成的词组的意思分别是 :A)
made off“离开 ; 逃走”; B)made for“ 走向 ; 向… 前进 ; 有助于 , 倾向于”; C) made out“ 理解 , 了解 ; 辨认出 ; 完成 ; 开
列”;D) made up“ 弥补 , 赔偿 , 补 (考 ) ; 编排 ; 虚拟 , 捏造 ; 组成”。
65 .C 译文 : 有人劝告我办理保险以防生病。解析 : in case
“以防 , 万一”, 符合句意。A) nevertheless
“然而 , 不过”;
“ 尽管”; D) so that“目的是 , 以便能”。A、
B) although B、D 项均不合句子逻辑。
66 .A 译文 : 坦率地说 , 我宁愿你现在对此事什么也不做。解析 “
: I’d rather you . . .”结构从句中须过去时 , 故 A
正确。
67 .B 译文 : 对不起我不能马上见你 ; 但是如果你坐下等我的话 , 我过会儿就可以。解析 : 其他几项的意思为 :
A)for a moment“一会儿”; C)for the moment“暂时”;D) at the moment
“此时 , 此刻”。
68 .D 译文 : 这个号手演奏声音无疑太吵。但是我更不能容忍的是他的演奏水平低下。解析 : 首先排除 A、C
两项 , 因为它们构不成比较级的正确形式。而该题的开头句子则限定了对 D 项的选择 , 因为作者更想说明的是
his lack of talent ( 缺乏才能 ) 。
第
69 .C 译文 : 新家对我来说非常便利 , 因为到办公室只需 5 分钟。解析 : 从 as 引导的原因状语从句提供的信息
二
部判断 , 应该选择 C。其他选词的意思分别为 : A) adaptable
“可适应的 ; 可改编的”; B) comfortable“ 舒适的、舒服的”;
分 “可得到的 ; 可买到的 ; 可借到的 ; 可搞到的”。
D) available
70 .D 译文 : 我们的旅行速度比较慢 , 因为火车在不同的小村庄连续停车。解析 : 该题主要要求对 C、D 两项作
出辨析。两词都作“连续不断地”解释 , 但 continually 隐含中间有停顿 , 所以符合句意。
Part Ⅳ Short Answer Questions
S1 .whether or not one was a native speaker

S2 .The same status as their native counterparts .
S3 .Ones who can teach and have the required English level .(或 He has the required English level and teaching skills )
S4 .Non - native English teachers have been liberated .
Or : It singled out the unqualified .
S5 .qualified English teachers because they were non - native speakers
大
学 Part Ⅴ Writing
英
语
“No”
Don’t Hesitate to Say
四
级范文 1 :
考 There are many occasions in life when requests and demands are made that are difficult to accomplish .If you are not ca-
试
pable of performing a task well , then it would be better to admit it and say“No”to the request .Never agree to do anything that
历 would violate your integrity, especially if it is dishonest or illegal .
年 Many times people will say“Yes” “ No”because they want to please other people .It may seem un-
when they should say
试
题 selfish to agree to help , but if saying“Yes”means putting yourself under a heavy load that you can’t carry , you probably won’
详 t do a good job .
解 “ No”immediately is that you will find yourself resentful at taking on more than you
The major disadvantage of not saying
are capable of handling and possibly neglecting important things that you need to do .
155
“No”
Don’t Hesitate to Say
范文 2 :
In our daily life , there are many occasions on which we should not hesitate to say“ No”when asked for help .For one
thing, when we are not able to offer help ,we should give others a direct reply“No”.For another , when the thing we are asked
for is unreasonable or even illegal ,we should also say“ No”to the requirer .
However , it is not the case in our real life .Many people prefer to say“Yes” “ No”.On the one hand ,
when they should say
they are afraid to lose their own faces .Since they think refusal means their inability .On the other hand , they are afraid to of-
fend their acquaintances’face ,such as their friends, relatives and so on .
In fact, there are disadvantages in doing so .At first, they are not able enough or willing enough to do the thing for others .
Therefore, the thing will not be accomplished well .In the end , they may lose both their acquaintances’beliefs and their own
faces .
第
二
部
分
大
学
英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
156
Section A
1 .W : Excuse me ,Sir .You are not supposed to be here .This area is for airport staff only .
M: I’m sorry .I didn’t notice the sign .
2 .W : If I buy some plants for the house ,will you water them for me while I’m away ?
M: Sure I will , if you water mine while I am on vacation .
Q: What will the man do for the woman ?
3 .W : Excuse me , Professor Hill .May I ask you a few questions ?
第 M: Yes, of course .But I’m sorry I have a class at ten .Why don’t you call me in my office hours .That is 4 to 5 p .m . on
二
部 Monday ,Thursday and Friday .
分 Q: Why can’t professor Hill answer her questions now ?
4 .M: I don’t feel like going out .Why don’t we just stay home and watch TV instead ?
W : Come on ! You promised to take me out for dinner and to the theatre on my birthday .
5 .W : I’m thinking of taking five courses next semester .
M: Wouldn’t four be wiser ?
6 .W : I want to ask the Johnsons to come to the party .Do you know their address ?
M: No .But I like them to come .I think Tom can give you their address .
Q: What is the woman going to do ?
7 .M: Is Jane looking forward to going home for the summer ?
W :She is counting the days .
8 .W : I think I will take the half - day tour of the city .
M: Why not the whole day ?
大
学 Q: What does the man suggest ?
英 9 .M: This is a one - way street .Didn’t you see the sign ?
语
W :Sorry .I didn’t .
四
级 Q: What do we learn from the conversation ?
考 10 .W: I ought to call Joan and tell her about the reception this evening .
试
M: Why bother ? You will see her at lunch .
历 Q: What does the man mean ?
年 Section B
试
题 Passage One
详 We use all sorts of services without thinking how we get them .But such services cost money .We pay for them through
解
taxes .What would happen if everyone in a city stops paying taxes ? The water supply would stop .The streets might not be
cleaned .There would be no police force to protect people and property .
157
The chief duty of every government is to protect persons and property .More than three - fourths of the money spent by our
government is used for this purpose .The next largest amount of public money goes to teach and train our citizens .Billions of
dollars each year are spent on schools and libraries .Public money is used to pay the teachers and other public officials .
Years ago the government made money from the sale of public lands .But most of the best public lands have now been
sold .The money raised was used to help pay the costs of government .There are still some public lands that contain oil , coal ,
gas, and other natural products .They could be sold , but we want to save them for future years .So we all must pay our share for
the services that make our lives comfortable .
11 .What’s the chief duty of every government ?
12 .How did the government raise money in the past ?
Passage Two
When I was at school , my ambition was to be a pilot in the Air Force .But my eyesight wasn’t good enough .So I had to
give up that idea .I went to university and studied physics .I wanted to stay on there and do research , but my father died about 第
that time .So I thought I’d better get a job and earn my living .I started working in an engineering firm . 二
I expected to stay in that job for a long time , but then they appointed a new managing director .I didn’t get on with him , 部
分
so I resigned and applied for a job with another engineering company .I would certainly have accepted the job if they had of-
fered it to me, but on my way to the interview I met a friend who was working for a travel agency .He offered me a job in Spain
and I’ve always liked Spain , so I took it .
I worked in the travel agency for two years and then they wanted to send me to South America .But I had just got mar-
ried .So I decided to stay here .Then we had a baby and I wasn’t earning enough to support the family .So I started giving Eng-
lish lessons at a school in the evenings .
I liked the English teaching more than working for the travel agency , and then the owner of the school offered me a full -
time job as a teacher .So I resigned from the agency .Two years later , the owner of the school wanted to retire , so he asked me
to take over as the director .And here I am .
14 .Why did the man give up studying physics ?
15 .Why did the man resign from the engineering firm ?
16 .Why did the man take the job at the travel agency ?
17 .Why did the man start to teach English part time ?
Passage Three
Columbus sailed from Spain in September 1492 , looking for gold .Native Americans greeted him , offering gifts of corn . 大
Columbus found little gold on that trip , but he collected many plants , including corn , to bring back to Spain . 学
Columbus didn’t know it , but the corn was much more valuable than gold .Farmers from Europe to Asia accepted it im- 英
语
mediately .They grew it on cold mountainsides and in tropical forests .Today it feeds millions of people all over the world . 四
On his second trip , Columbus brought back a few chocolate beans to make chocolate .Europeans and Asians loved this 级
考
new drink , and soon they were paying a great deal of money for the beans .Chocolate beans became so valuable in Central
试
America that they were used as cash for 200 years .
Tomatoes and potatoes took some time to become popular .Eventually, however , they became the basis of a lot of popular 历
年
foods .It is hard to imagine life without fried potatoes or chocolate .Thanks to native American cultures, many people are able to
试
enjoy lots of tasty food . 题
18 .Why is corn feeding millions of people today ? 详
解
19 .What did Columbus bring back on his second trip ?
20 .What was the result of Columbus’s two trips to America ?
158
1 .D 2 .C 3 .C 4 .A 5 .B
6 .B 7 .D 8 .A 9 .C 10 .A
11 .A 12 .C 13 .B 14 .D 15 .A
16 .C 17 .B 18 .D 19 .D 20 .B
21 .C 解析 : 该文主要讨论发生空难的原因。C 吻合。
22 .D 解析 : 依据文章第一段第 2 至 3 行“In the last 15 years, pilots have reported well over 100 incidents that could
have been caused by eletromagnetic interference .”
23 .B 解析 : 依据文章第一段第 3 行“The source of this interference remains unconfirmed , . . .”可推出 B 项正确。
24 .C 解析 : 依据是第三段第 3 行“But , because they have not been able to reproduce these effects in a laboratory . . .”。
第 25 .A 解析 : 文章全文并没有直接说出 A 项 , 故本题属推论题。依据文章开头“The biggest safety threat facing air-

二 lines today may not be a terrorist with a gun , but the man with the portable computer in business class . . .”以及文章最后一
部段开头句“The fact that aircraft . . .raises the risk that terrorists may use radio systems in order to damage navigation equip-
分
ment .”可看出作者态度很明确 , 故选择 A。
【参考译文】
今天许多航空公司面临的最大危险可能并不是一个持枪的恐怖分子 , 而是公务舱中一个带着笔记本电脑
的人。在过去的 15 年中 , 驾驶员就已经报告了一百多起可能是由电磁干扰造成的事故。电磁干扰的来源是什
么还不是特别清楚 , 但是越来越多的专家开始指责乘客携带的电子设备 , 比如笔记本电脑、收音机、录音机和手
机。
RTCA 是一个向航空工业提供建议的组织 , 它建议所有的飞机都应该禁止在飞行的关键阶段比如起飞和降
落的时候 , 使用这些电子设备。还有一些专家的建议更极端 , 他们认为在飞行的所有时间之内 , 都应该禁止使
用这些设备。目前关于如何使用这些设备的规定已经交给航空公司自己去制定。尽管有一些航空公司禁止在
飞机起飞或降落的时候使用这些设备 , 但是在大多数公司还是不愿意在全程飞行的过程中都禁止这些设备的
使用 , 因为很多旅客都愿意在飞行的时候工作。
预测电子磁场对飞机的电脑系统会产生怎样的影响有一定的难度。专家认为 , 可随身携带的电子设备发
射出一些辐射 , 这些辐射能影响飞机用来导航和跟地面联系的波段。但是因为很难在实验室里再造出同样的
效果 , 所以专家们还不能够知道这些影响是有害的 , 还是无害的。
大
学飞机可能容易受电磁干扰 , 这一点有可能会被恐怖分子利用 , 用一些无线电设备破坏飞机的导航系统。同
英样令人担忧的另一个问题是 , 如果戴着耳机听收音机的旅客把音乐开得太大的话 , 他就听不到飞机上要求关闭
语收音机的指令了。
四
级【词语注释】
考 aviation[ eivi ei n] n .航空学 , 航空术
试
ban[b n] n .禁令
历 call for 号召
年 take off 拿掉 , 取消 , 起飞
试
题 wavelength[ weivle ] n .[物 ] [ 无 ]波长
详 vulnerable [ v ln r bl ] adj .易受攻击的
解 turn off 关掉 , 使转变方向
【难句点拨】
159
As worrying , though , is the passenger who can’t hear the instructions to turn off his radio because the music’s too loud .
这是一个复杂的倒装句 , 谓语前置 , 而主语则因太长而后置。在主句的主语中 , 关系代词 who 引导的定语
从句修饰先行词 passenger , 连词 because 引导的状语从句说明原因。
26 .D 解析 : 依据文章第二段第 1 至 2 行“ . . .the U .S . leadership in pubic relations is being threatened by PR efforts in
other countries .”
27 .B 解析 : 依据是文章第二段第 4 行开始“A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include
PR as part of their corporate planning activities, compared to about one - third of U .S . companies .”
28 .A 解析 : 该词出现在第三段第 1 行 , 依据下文的补充说明“take more of an interest in local affairs”可推断该词
和选项 A 的意思最为接近。
29 .C 解析 : 该题最大的干扰项可能来自于 B 项。但是文章第三段第 2 行“Knowledge of world geography , for exam-
ple , has never been strong in this country .”只说美国人的世界地理观不强 , 并不能说他们对世界地理一无所知。所
以该选择项欠妥。
30 .A 解析 “Ted
: Turner of CNN 说 the word‘foreign’would no longer be used on . . .”意思是说我们应该将视野放宽 , 第
具有强烈的国际观念 , 而不要将注意力局限在国内 , 故 A 项正确。D 项只是肤浅地理解了字面意思。二
【参考译文】部
分
随着跨国公司增多 , 经济全球化 , 新通讯技术的发展 , 文化差异的缩小 , 全球公共关系有了前所未有的巨大
增长。
让人吃惊的是 , 现代公共关系本来可以说是美国的发明 , 但是实际情况是美国在公共关系领域的主导地位
正被其他国家所挑战。例如 , 十年以前世界排名前五位的公共关系公司都是美国公司 , 但是到了 1991 年只有
一个是美国公司了。尤其是英国 , 英国在这方面变得越来越成熟 , 越来越有创新性。最近的一个调查发现 , 有
半数以上的英国公司内部都有一个公共关系部门 , 而在美国只有三分之一的公司有这种部门。所以可能用不
了多久 , 伦敦就会代替纽约而成为公共关系的首都了。
为什么美国会在全球公共关系的竞争当中落后呢 ? 第一个原因是 , 美国人总得说来地方色彩比较浓重 , 对
本地本国的事情更感兴趣 , 比如说 , 美国人的世界地理知识总是很差。第二个原因是 , 美国人在掌握第二门外
语方面不如欧洲和亚洲人。Burson - Marshall 公司的美国雇员当中只有不到 5% 的人会两种语言 , 其他美国公司
的情况也大致相同。相反 , 在一些欧洲公司里 , 有一半甚至一半以上的员工能流利使用第二语言。第三个原
因 , 在国外从事公共关系的人对国际事务更加关注。比如在金融公关领域 , 大多数美国人只读华尔街时报 , 但
是其他国家从事相当行业的人不只读华尔街时报 , 他们还读其他相关的一些报纸或杂志 , 比如伦敦的金融时代
周刊和经济学家杂志。
公共关系这个行业或许可以从 CNN 的 Ted Turner 那里学到一些东西。Turner 最近宣布说“foreign”(外国的 ) 大
这个词将不再被用在 CNN 的广播中。他认为全球的交流 , 使世界上的所有国家变得彼此依靠 , 所以没有什么学
东西可以称作是外国的。英
语
【词语注释】四
multinational corporation 跨国公司级
考
in particular 特别是 , 尤其是
试
corporate [ k p r t] adj .社团的 , 公司的
provincial [ pr vin l ] adj .省的历
年
conversly[ k nv sli ] adv .倒地 , 逆地
试
counterpart[ kaunt pa t] n .极相似的人或物 , 配对物题
【难句点拨】详
解
According to Turner , global communications have made the nations so interdependent that there is no longer any such
thing as foreign .
160
这是一个复杂句 , 主句中的“so interdependent”充当宾语“ the nations”的补足语 , 连词 that 引导一个状语从句 ,

表结果。
31 .D 解析 : 依据是文章开头第 1 行“ . . .but more by accident than design”。“by accident”与“by chance”同义。
32 .C 解析 : 依据文章第一段第 2 行“While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates , Brazil
has had better result . . .”( 尽管第三世界国家作了很大努力 , 但效果不如巴西… ) 说明他们没有找到有效方法来控
制人口 , 故 C 对。
33 .A 解析 : 根据上下文判断 , 只有 A 项“归因于”放入原文才合适。
34 .B 解析 : 依据文章第四段的意思 : Martine 说 : 尽管这些肥皂剧从来无意干涉人口繁殖 , 它们只是描写了中上
层阶级的生活价值观———少生孩子 , 独特的性别观念 , 妇女在外工作。肥皂剧传播着这些信息 , 使得人们逐渐
认识、理解了另一种生活方式、人生观 , 像这种生活方式、人生观对他们极有吸引力。可推断出 B 项的正确。
35 . B 解析 : 仔细推敲文章最后一段 , 可作出正确选择。C 项具有一定的干扰 , 但原文最后一句有一个关键词
“unlimited”。
【参考译文】
第乔治・马丁在哈佛做出如下分析 : 巴西现在是发展中国家里在降低人口增长方面做得最成功的 , 但是这个
二
部成功并不是刻意的 , 而是偶然的。尽管像印度这样的国家采取了很多措施试图降低出生率 , 但是巴西几乎没有
分采取什么措施就达到了更好的效果。
巴西人口增长率在 1951 年到 1960 年之间是 2 .99% , 而 1981 年到 1990 年间这个数字下降到了 1 .93% 。现
在巴西妇女平均每人只有 2 .7 个孩子 , 而且从 1990 年以来这个数字似乎仍在下降。这样的成就使巴西受到其
他第三世界国家的艳羡。
之所以造成人口出生率降低有两个重要原因 , 一个是肥皂剧 , 另一个是 70 年代引人的分期付款。这两个
原因在降低出生率方面都起到了间接的 , 但却是非常重要的作用。巴西是世界上生产肥皂剧最多的国家之一 ,
它每天晚上都会播放很多的肥皂剧。大多数肥皂剧的内容是展现生活在大城市中的富人的生活。
尽管这些肥皂剧并没有直接针对生育后代的问题 , 但它们描绘了中产阶级和上层社会的价值观 : 没有太多
孩子 , 对于性的不同看法 , 以及妇女外出工作。肥皂剧把这样一种价值观深入到所有巴西人的脑海当中 , 使人
们意识到其他的行为方式和价值观念 , 而且这些观念被肥皂剧包装得非常有吸引力。
同时 , 分期付款鼓励穷人成为消费者 , 这种付款方式使人们的消费方式发生了很大的变化 , 而消费和无限
制的生育是水火不容的。
【词语注释】
soap operas 通俗电视连续剧
lead to 导致
大
学 installment [ in st lm nt ] n .部分 , 分期付款
英 meanwhile[ mi nwail ] ( = meantime ) adv .其间
语
四 incompatible [ ink m p tibl ] adj .性质相反的 , 矛盾的 , 不调和的
级【难句点拨】
考 Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990 , an achievement that makes it the envy of many other
试
Third World countries .
历此句是一个复杂句 , 主句为 Martine says, 后面是省略了连接词的宾语从句 , 在宾语从句中有一个同位语。
年 “an achievement”与前面的整个宾语从句构成同位关系 , 在同位语中又有一个由关系代词 that 引导的定语从句 ,
试
题其中的代词“it”根据上下文应指 Brazil。
详 36 .A 解析 : 依据是文章第二段第 2 行“In societies where social roles are rigidly determined , boys pattern . . .”。
解
37 .D 解析 : 该题可采用排除 , A、
B、C 项均可根据文章各段相关的信息排除 , 而 D 项在文章中多处提及。“uni-
versality”意为“一般性 , 普遍性 ; 多方面性”。
161
38 .B 解析 : 根据文章第三段可知 A 项不对 , C 项也不对 , 而 D 项本文并无涉及 , 均排除。

39 .C 解析 : 依据为文章最后一段第 1 至 2 行“ . . .they have not been subject to technological leaps . . .”。
40 .D 解析 : 依据文章最后两行“Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and . . .”。
【参考译文】
玩具存在于任何一个文明当中 , 但是玩具究竟是在什么时候 , 是如何发展起来的 , 这一点人们还不知道。
有可能它们之所以发展起来 , 是因为要给孩子们一些事情做。
从古代到今天都是一样的 , 男孩玩的是某些玩具 , 而女孩玩的是另外一些玩具。在社会角色分工鲜明的社
会当中 , 男孩玩游戏是摹仿父亲的行为 , 而女孩玩游戏是摹仿母亲的行为。这说明男孩和女孩在玩游戏的时候
就已经在为将来步入成人社会 , 担当各自不同的角色做准备了。
研究玩具的历史 , 我们会发现引人注目的并不是它们随着时间的变化而变化 , 而是它们随着时间的变化而
保持不变。变化只是发生在工艺、机械和技术方面。世界各地玩具的发展十分相似 , 而且它们都能保存至今 ,
这一点非常令人惊奇。在埃及、美洲、中国、日本甚至北极地区的人民中 , 存在着类型大致相同的玩具。这些玩
具不同的地方仅仅是由于当地风俗和生活习惯决定的 , 因为玩具实际上是摹仿周围环境的。几乎所有的文明第
中都有洋娃娃、小武器、玩具兵、小动物和小汽车。二
部
因为玩具可以被视为一种艺术形式 , 所以它们没有受到科技飞跃的影响 , 这一点和成人使用的发明有很大分
区别。从车轮到牛车然后到汽车 , 这是一个直线上升的例子 , 但是公元前 3000 年的孩子用的拨浪鼓和今天孩
子用的拨浪鼓并没有多大的创新。每一个拨浪鼓都是当时的艺术品味决定的 , 还受到当时可能找到的做拨浪
鼓的材料的影响。
【词语注释】
step into 步入
in terms of 在……时期内
craftsmanship[ kra ftsm n ip] n .技能、技术
universality[ ju niv s liti ] n .普遍性 , 多方面性 , 广泛性
arctic [ a ktik] adj .北极的 , 北极区的
imitate[ imiteit ] vt .模仿 , 仿效
ascent [ sent ] n .上升 , ( 地位 , 声望等的) 提高
rattle [ r tl] n .喋喋不休的人 , 拨浪鼓
【难句点拨】
This is true because boys and girls are being prepared , even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult
world . 大
学
此句是一个复杂句 , 由连词 because 引导的原因状语从句中的谓语用的是被动语态的进行时。英
What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have 语
四
remained the same . 级
此句是一个复杂句 , 主语是由关系代词 what 引导的主语从句 , 而表语则是由并列连词 not…but 引导的两个考
分词构成 , 表示语义上的转折。试
历
年
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure 试
题
41 .B 译文 : 他回来晚了 , 到家时所有的客人都已经走了。解析 : 在与表示时间的名词搭配时 , at 指具体时刻 ; 详
解
by 表示到某时为止动作已完成 , 和完成时连用 ; during 表示一段时间内某事的进展。
42 .D 译文 : 在这种时候问你这么多问题 , 真是不好意思。解析 : 四选项的词义分别是 :A)“ 干涉 , 妨碍 ; 介入”;
162
B)“ 留下印象 ; 引人注目”; C)“ 激怒 ; 使憎恨 ; 使不愉快”; D)“干扰 ; 麻烦 ; 惹麻烦”。根据句意 , D 项恰当。

43 .C 译文 : 如果整个运作事先没有计划好 , 大量的时间和金钱将会损失。解析 : 表示与过去事实相反的虚拟
句 , 从句中该用“had + 过去分词”。
44 .B 译文 : 夏季每升啤酒的价格从 50 美分到 4 美元不等。解析 : 四选项的意思分别为 : A)“ 更改 , 改变”; B)
“在…范围内变化 ; 分布”; C)“ 分开 , 隔离”; D)“有区别 ; 发生分歧”。
45 .D 译文 : 他的话让我怀疑他的真实意图。解析 : 题句中的 left 类似 kept , 故选择 D 项 , 作宾语补足语。
46 .D 译文 : 我曾听到老师和同学都称赞他。解析 : 不定式在感官动词后面作宾补时 , to 应省略 , 如 : feel , hear ,
listen to , look at , notice , observe , see ,watch 等都属感官动词。
47 .B 译文 : 我们的儿子不知道在大学里该干些什么 ; 他还没有决定将来做什么。解析 : 四选项的含义分别为 :
A)“ 领会 , 接受 ; 欺骗”; B)“ 拿起 ; 占据 ; 开始从事”; C)“ 接收 , 接管 , 接任”;D)“ 与……相像”。
48 .A 译文 : 这幢房子十分安静 , 是由于它位于山麓而被隔离开了。解析 : 分析句子结构 , 后半句中的主语为
it, 也即指代主句中的 house, 那么和 isolate 的关系就应选择它的过去分词形式 , 该题中表语前置 , 强调。
49 .D 译文 : 尽管他们每年都在这个地方种树 , 但一些山顶还是光秃秃的。解析 : 四个选项的意思分别是 : A)
第 “空白的 ; 未填写的 ; 未录音的”; B)“ 空的 ; 中间空的”; C)“ 茫然的 ; 空缺的 ; 空的”; D)“ 无遮蔽的 ; 赤裸的 , 光秃秃
二
部的 ; 仅有的 , 勉强的”。
分 50 .D 译文 : 做一个明星生活很辛苦 , 由于繁密的日程安排 , 得常常在外奔波。解析 : A、B、C 诸项都含“关于”之
意 , 和句意不符 , 故均排除。D)“owing to”表示“由于 , 因为”。
51 .A 译文 :Tony 对考试结果非常失望。解析 : ”be disappointed with sth .”为固定搭配 , 表示“对…感到失望”。
52 .C 译文 :William Penn , 宾西法尼亚州的开创者 , 不知疲倦地保卫每个公民宗教信仰自由的权利。解析 : 四
项意思分别为 : A)“特有地 ; 特别地 ; 奇特地 ; 不平常地”; B)“ 漠然地 ; 漠不关心地”; C)“ 精力充沛地 ; 强健地 ; 有
活力地”;D)“不可避免地 ; 必然地”。
53 .D 译文 : 我希望所有预防空气污染的措施———如同当地政府建议的———都能予以郑重考虑。解析 : 无显著
先行词。 as 意为“正如 , 如同”, 其它都无此意。
54 .C 译文 : 当人们失业时 , 比拿不到工资更糟糕的是那种空虚无聊的感觉。解析 : 四选项的意思分别为 : A)
“懒惰 , 无精打采”; B)“ 贫穷”; C)“ 虚无 , 空虚 , 无聊”;D)“ 无力 , 无能”。
55 .B 译文 : 我从未到过北京 , 但那是我非常想去的地方。解析 : 因为 visit 是及物动词 , 所以 A、C 两项中的关系
代词用错了 , 而 D 项中 that 和 it 重复了 , 也错。B 项中的关系代词因为作宾语成分 , 故可省略。
56 .B 译文 : 与他姐姐不同 , Jack 很沉静 , 不轻易交朋友。解析 : 四选项的含义分别是 : A “
) 不喜欢 ; 厌恶”; B)
“( 介词 ) 不像 , 和…不同”; C)“ 相似的 , 相像的”;D)“ ( 名词 ) 爱好”。
57 .A 译文 : 该农作物与先前的那种很相似 , 都适合同一种土壤并具有抗风的特性。解析 : 根据句子结构 , 空格
大
学后通常用两种结构 “
: to do sth .”或“doing sth .”, 前一种表示目的 , 后一种表示补充说明 , 伴随等 , 故 A 正确。
英 58 .B 译文 : 既然你打算明天才走 , 那今晚我们可以一起吃顿饭。解析 : 干扰项是 D, while 意思为 “
: 在…期间 ;
语
四只要 , 尽管”。不符合逻辑。而 B 项 since 可表示“既然”之意。正确。
级 59 .B 译文 : 有些人喜欢在星期天购物 , 希望能挑到一些价廉物美的东西。解析 : 四选项的意思分别为 :A)“ 电
考池 ; 一套器具”; B)“ 协定 ; 廉价货 ; 交易 ; 契约”; C) 篮子 ; 一篮之量”; D)“桶 ; 枪管 ; 炮管”。
试
60 .A 译文 : 我们被告知 : 在任何情况下我们都不能用办公室的电话谈私事。解析 : 根据宾语从句中的“under
历 no circumstances”后面的句子需用倒装结构。据此可先排除 B、
C 两项 , 再根据句意应选择 A。
年 61 .D 译文 : 先前 , 鲜肉供应不足时 , 许多人家养鸽为食。解析 “in
: short supply”构成固定短语 , 意为“不足的 , 缺
试
题乏的”。
详 62 .C 译文 : 作为武装力量的总司令 , 我已下令采取一切措施加强保卫。解析 : 主句中谓语为 direct , 要求宾语
解
从句中谓语形式为 should + 原形动词 ,should 可省略。此类动词有许多 , 前面题解中已列出 , 此处略。
63 .A 译文 : 进入教堂的小偷被抓住了 , 因为在他衣服上发现的蜡迹来自于只有教堂才用的那种蜡烛。解析 :
163
空格处的部分作谓语 , 排除 B、
D 两项 , 根据时态 , 排除 C。
64 .C 译文 : 客人离开了 , 她花了半个小时整理客厅。解析 : 四选项的意思分别是 :A)“ 命令 ; 订货 ; 点菜”; B)“安
排 ; 筹备 ; 计划”; C)“tidy up”是一固定短语 , 表示“整理”;D)“消散 , 消失”。
65 .B 译文 : 我正准备给他打电话时 , 他的信来了。解析 “on
: the point of doing sth .”是习惯用语 , 表示“正要做某
事”。
66 .A 译文 : 除了英国 , 其他国家的人都不能在一天的时间经历四个不同的季节。解析 “other
: than”表示“除了
…”之意。
67 .A 译文 : 一辆卡车辗过 Jane 的猫后加速跑了。解析 : 四个词组的含义分别为 : A)“ ( 水 ) 溢出 ; 扼要复述 ; 匆
匆浏览 ; 辗过”; B)“ 撞倒 ; 偶然碰见”; C)“ 匆匆跑着穿过 ; 匆匆处理 ; 挥霍”; D)“ 用完 ; ( 人 ) 逐渐无力 ; 撞倒”。根
据句意需选择 A 项 , 取“辗过”之意。
68 .C 译文 : 预计在 2000 年前完成的这项工程将扩大该市的电话网至 1 , 000 , 000 用户。解析 : 分词和不定式都
可做定语 , 根据时间状语“by the end of 2000”, 可知该定语应表示将来完成 , 故选择 C 项。
69 .C 译文 : 有证据表明 : 学习语言的能力必须被激发。解析 : 分析句子结构可排除 A、D 两项 , 因若填上 A、D 第
项 , 句子缺乏谓语。根据句意当选 C。二
部
70 .A 译文 : 对于那些作为礼物送给我们的珍贵图书我们深表感谢。解析 : 四选项的含义分别为 : A)“ 对…表示
分
感激欣赏 ; 意识到”; B)“ 赞成 ; 允许 , 批准”; C)“ 诉诸 , 呼吁 , 要求 ; ( 作品等 ) 有感染力”; D “
) 请求 , 申请 ; 运用 , 应
用”。
S1 .Economics .(或 Survive/ Survival/ Surviving/ Money)

S2 .Because the increased cost will be more than Marge’s income .(或 They might end up with less money)
S3 .Economic factors and emotional needs .
S4 .that homemaking gives them the deepest satisfaction
S5 .stay home (或 take care of her daughter at home )
Part Ⅴ Writing
大
Reading Selectively or Extensively ? 学
范文 1 : 英
语
When it comes to reading , some people think that reading selectively is a good way , but others do not agree with them and 四
they think that reading extensively is better . 级
Those people who think that reading selectively is better believe that there are as many good books as there are bad ones . 考
试
Good books can give us pleasure and knowledge, while bad ones can only lead us to the wrong way .So , they suggest that we
should only choose the good books to read and never touch the bad books . 历
年
But , the other people ,who hold that reading extensively is better think that one kind of books can only give us one aspect
试
of knowledge .Even a good book only contains one field of information .So , they can easily come to the conclusion that if you 题
want to acquire more knowledge , you have to read more .That’s why they believe that reading extensively is better . 详
解
To my point ,we should choose good books and read good books as many as possible .By this way ,we can increase the
quality and quantity of reading .
164
Reading Selectively or Extensively ?

范文 2 :
Some think that when we read we should read selectively .That is to say ,we should select some books we are intersted in
and ignore others .Reading selectively can help us concentrate our limited time and attention on those selected books .
Some others think when we read we should read extensively .That is to say , no matter what kind of book it is ,we should
look it over .Reading extensively can help us enlarge our view and grasp the general knowledge from different fields .
In my opinion , the two reading methods have their roles respectively in our reading .However , their own disadvantages are
easy to see .If we only read selectively, the framework of our knowledge may not be completed ; if we read extensively ,we may
not have so much time and energy and be specialized in one particular field .Therefore, the combination of the two methods is
more reasonable .
第
二
部
分
大
学
英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
165
Section A
1 .M: Hello, Mrs .White ,what can I do for you ?
W : I don’t know what’s the matter with me .I’m always feeling tired , I’m usually worn out at the end of the day .
2 .W :What do you think of the apple pie ? I made it myself .
M: Very delicious indeed .Even my mother’s cannot match this .
3 .M: The music is so beautiful that I’d like to dance .But I don’t know the steps . 第
W : It doesn’t matter .No one will be looking at us in the crowd . 二
Q: What does the woman suggest they do ? 部
分
4 .M: I’d better read one of the articles for our political science class .
W :You can’t read just one .They say each presents a different theory .
Q: What does the woman tell the man he must do ?
5 .W :Mary is always complaining about her job .
M: Maybe if you tried typing letters every day , you’d see what it’s like .
6 .M: Good morning .This is John Parker speaking .I’m just ringing to confirm my appointment with Mr .Smith for this after-
noon .
W :Yes .Mr .Smith’s expecting you at 3 o’clock .
Q: Why is the man making the phone call ?
7 .W :Tom looks awfully nervous, doesn’t he ?
M: Yes .I’m afraid he is not used to making speeches .
Q: What do they think of Tom ?
8 .M: I bought a few books at the new bookstore .Would you like to have a look at them ?
W :A few ? It looks like you bought out the bookstore . 大
Q: What does the woman mean ? 学
9 .M: Jane , you won’t be able to get to the airport in time to catch the 10 o’clock flight . 英
语
W : I realize that now .I’ll have to get my ticket changed . 四
Q: What will the woman have to do ? 级
考
10 .M: Would you get me through to Dr . Lemon please ?
试
W: I’m sorry .He’s with a patient .
Q: What does the woman mean ? 历
年
Sections B
试
Passage One 题
Paul , a salesman from London ,was driving past a sports car parked outside a supermarket, when he saw it start to roll 详
解
slowly down the hill .Inside the car were two young girls on the passenger seat—but no driver .Paul stopped quickly , jumped in
front of the sports car and tried to stop it , pushing against the front of the car .Another man who was standing nearby got into
166
the car and put on the hand - brake ,saving the girls from injury .
It was at this point that Paul noticed his own car rolling slowly down the hill and going too fast for him to stop it .It
crashed into a bus at the bottom of the hill and was so badly damaged that it had to be pulled away to a garage .
As if this was not bad enough , Paul now found he had no one to blame .He was so busy chasing his car that he didn’t get
the name of the driver of the sports car ,who just came out of the supermarket and drove away without realizing what had hap-
pened .
11 .Which car was badly damaged ?
12 .Where was the driver of the sports car when the accident happened ?
13 .Who did Paul think was to blame for the accident ?
14 .Who was injured in the accident ?
Passage Two
My friend ,Vernon Davies kept birds .One day he phoned and told me he was going away for a week .He asked me to feed
the birds for him and said that he would leave the key to his front door in my mailbox .
第 Unfortunately , I forgot all about the birds until the night before Vernon was going to return .What was worse , it was al-
二
部 ready dark when I arrived at his house .I soon found the key Vernon gave me could not unlock either the front door or the back
分 door .I was getting desperate .I kept thinking of what Vernon would say when he came back .
I was just going to give up when I noticed that one bedroom window was slightly open .I found a barrel and pushed it un-
der the window .As the barrel was very heavy, I made a lot of noise .But in the end , I managed to climb up and open the win-
dow .
I actually had one leg inside the bedroom when I suddenly realized that someone was shining a torch up at me .I looked
down and saw a policeman and an old lady, one of Vernon’s neighbours “What
. are you doing up there ?”
said the policeman .
Feeling like a complete fool, I replied“I
, was just going to feed Mr .Davies’birds .”
15 .Why couldn’t the man open the door ?
16 .Why did the man feel desperate ?
17 .Why did the man feel like a fool ?
Passage Three
When Iraqi troops blew up hundreds of Kuwaiti oil wells at the end of the Gulf War , scientists feared environmental disas-
ter .Would black powder in the smoke from the fires circle the globe and block out the sun ?
Many said“No way”; rain would wash the black powder from the atmosphere .But in America , air - sampling balloons
have detected high concentrations of particles similar to those collected in Kuwait .
大
学 Now that the fires are out, scientists are turning their attention to yet another threat : the oil that didn’t catch fire .It has
英 formed huge lakes in the Kuwaiti desert .They trap insects and birds, and poison a variety of other desert animals and plants .
语
四 The only good news is that the oil lakes have not affected the underground water resources .So far , the oil has not been
级 absorbed because of the hard sand just below the surface .
考 Nothing , however , stops the oil from evaporating .The resulting poisonous gases are choking nearby residents .
试
Officials are trying to organize a quick cleanup , but they are not sure how to do it .One possibility is to burn the oil .Get
历 those black - powder detectors ready .
年 18 .What were the scientists worried about soon after the Gulf War ?
试
题 19 .What was the good news for scientists ?
详 20 .What are the officials trying to do at the moment ?
解
1 .C 2 .A 3 .D 4 .C 5 .A
6 .B 7 .B 8 .C 9 .D 10 .B
167
11 .C 12 .D 13 .A 14 .A 15 .A
16 .B 17 .B 18 .D 19 .D 20 .C
21 .B 解析 : 该题问及小行星和流星的相关情况。依据文章第二段第 1 行“Asteroids are bigger versions of the me-

teoroids that race across the night sky .”可以判断出两者性质相似只是体积不同 , 可以排除 A 项 ; 文中并无两者数量
上的比较 , 可排除 C 项 ; 也没有涉及 D 项的内容 , 故答案为 B。
22 .A 解析 : 依据文章第五段第 2 行始“Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might strike earth once
every 500 , 000 years .Sounds pretty rare—but if one did fall , it would be the end of the world .”可以断定小行星与地球的
碰撞概率极小 , 但可能性确实存在 , 这正是 A 项的内容 , 故正确。
23 .B 解析 : 该问题的相关答案出现在文章最后一段中“The cure, though , might be worse than the disease . . .The
world has less to fear from doomsday rocks than from a great nuclear fleet set against them . . .” 第
二
24 .D 解析 : 根据文章提供的信息断定 : B 项内容应予否定。A、C 两项均不能充分合理推断出。故 D 项正确。部
25 .C 解析 : 四选项的含义分别为 :A) 乐观的 ; B) 批评的 ; C) 客观的 ; D)任意的 , 武断的。分
【参考译文】
科学家们说 , 除非我们现在就花钱去发现小行星 , 避免它们撞击地球 , 否则的话 , 就很可能会有一颗撞到地
球上来 , 毁灭地球上的生命。
小行星比划过夜空的流星要大一些。大多数小行星是围绕太阳在远离地球的地方运行的 , 它们并不会威
胁我们。但是也有数以千计的小行星处在跟地球相撞的轨道上。
现在就应该花五千万美元买一台新的天文望远镜 , 并且在接下来的 25 年中每年花一千万美元去定位这些
小行星。科学家认为当我们找到一个危险的小行星时 , 就有可能改变它的轨道。
一些科学家建议用核武器将小行星推离轨道 , 但是这种方法的成本太高。
使用这种方法是否值得呢 ? 在考虑这个问题时 , 专家们主要衡量两点 : 一是究竟这样的事件 , 也就是说发
生小行星撞击地球的事件的可能性有多大 ; 二是如果真的发生这种撞击事件 , 它的后果有多严重。专家认为每
50 万年会有一颗大小足够毁灭地球上很多生命的小行星撞上地球。听起来机率虽然不大 , 但万一有一颗真的
撞击下来 , 那么就将会是世界末日。一位科学家说 “如果我们不去理会这些大个儿的小行星的话
: , 它们就会来
照管我们了。事情就是这么简单。”
解决问题的办法也许比问题本身更可怕 , 我们真的希望地球上到处都是核武器吗 , 纽约时报的一篇文章
大
说 : 比世界末日的岩石撞击更令人类恐惧的是用核武器舰队来对付它们。学
【词语注释】英
语
asteroid[ st r id] n .小游星 , 小行星
四
crash into 闯入级
destroy[ di str i] vt .破坏 , 毁坏考
试
meteoroid[ mi ti r id] n .流星体
orbit [ bit] n .轨道历
年
collision[k li n] n .碰撞 , 冲突
试
fatal [ feitl ] adj .致命的 , 重大的题
consequence[ k nsikw ns] n .结果详
解
doomsday[ du mzdei] n .世界末日 adj .毁灭性的
arbitrary[ a bitr ri] adj .任意的 , 武断的
168
【难句点拨】
The world has less to fear from doomsday rocks than from a nuclear fleet set against them .
这是一个复杂句 , 在连词 than 引导的比较状语从句中省略了主干“it has less to fear”, 而“set against them”是
过去分词短语作定语 , 修饰名词“fleet”。
26 .A 解析 : 分析文章的语篇 , 特别是文章的开头句“ . . ., optical illusion can cut highway crashes .”以及文章最后两
行“ . . .The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents .”可以判断 A 项正是文
章的主题。
27 .C 解析 : 依据文章第二段第 2 行始“ . . .Bent stripes, called chevrons , painted on the roads make drivers think that
they are driving faster than they really are , and thus drivers slow down .”
28 .C 解析 : 该题问及 chevrons 与 straight, horizontal bars 之间的效果比较。依据文章第五段“ . . .Straight , horizontal
bars can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half .However , traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers
become used to the painted bars .”说明该方法有效果 , 但持续时间较短 ; 再依据文章最后一句“The result is a longer
lasting reduction . . .”可一目了然两者效果的比较结果。
第 29 .A 解析 : 依据文章第三段第 2 行始“ . . ., the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected
二
部 roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes .”可知尝试日本方式是在某些公路上 , 而不
分是在全国 , 故 A 正确。
30 .B 解析 : 该问题实际上和 28 题极为相关。依据同样在第五段。
【参考译文】
不论你相信与否 , 视觉上的错觉能被用来减少高速公路上的车祸。
比如说在日本 , 利用一种简单的视觉错觉使某些路段上的车祸降低了 75% 。他们将人字形标记涂在路上 ,
使司机认为他们的速度比实际驾驶速度要快一些 , 这样就会使这些司机减速。
根据日本成功的例子 , 美国交通安全汽车联合基金会准备采用日本的成功方法。从明年开始 , 这个基金会
准备在全国范围内有选择地在路上画这种人字形和其他的一些条纹 , 目的是测试一下这些条纹能够怎样有效
降低高速公路上的车祸。
根据基金会的统计 , 大概有五分之一的重大车祸都是由超速行驶造成的。为了降低由超速行驶造成的车
祸 , 这个基金会准备在一些特别容易发生超速事故的地区采用画条纹的措施 , 比如转弯、出口的斜坡、环岛、立
交桥等等。
一些研究表明 , 如果在道路上画一些水平直线的话 , 刚开始可能会使司机的速度降低一半 , 但是过了一段
时间之后 , 当司机已经看惯了这些水平直线 , 这时驾车速度又会回到原来的水平。
科学家们说 , 人字形不但会使司机感觉他们开得比实际上快 , 而且还会使道路看起来显得窄一些 , 结果高
大
学速公路上的车速和高速公路上的车祸就会长时间地被降低下来。
英【词语注释】
语
四 illusion[ i lu n] n .幻想
级 chevron[ evr n] n .人字形
考 excessive[ ik sesiv] adj .过多的 , 过分的
试
according to 按照
历 slope [ sl up] n .斜坡 , 斜面
年 horizontal [ h ri z nt l ] adj .地平线的 , 水平的
试
题 initially[ i ni li] adv .最初 , 开头
详 narrow[ n r u] adj .狭窄的 , 有限的
解
【难句点拨】
To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed - related hazards are the great-
169
est - curves , exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges .

此句是一个复杂句 , 主句为“the foundation will conduct its tests”, 不定式短语“ to help reduce… accidents”充当目
的状语 , 而在地点状语 in areas 中有一个用关系副词 where 引导的定语从句。此外 , 破折号后的并列句语词组充
当定语从句的同位语 , 起补充说明作用。
31 .D 解析 : 简单分析一下文章结构 : 开头提出问题 , 进而剖析原因 , 最后解决问题。D 项正确。
32 .B 解析 : 该问题及 Amtrak 客运量下降的原因。依据文章第二段第 2 行开始“ . . ., times change and automobile
became America’s standard of convenience .Also, air travel had easily established itself as the fastest method of traveling great
distances .”可以推断出 : 论方便 , 要数汽车 ; 论速度 , 更推飞机。
33 .C 解析 : 该问题中最为关键的词是 emphasized“ 强调”, 依据是文章第三段最后一句“It stressed experiences
gained by using the trains and portrayed western trips as wonderful adventures .”
34 .D 解析 : 依据文章第四段第 2 行始“These ads were strategically placed among family - oriented TV shows and pro-
grams . . .in order to most effectively reach target audiences .”显然 , 广告是针对“ 目标 ”观众。再依据第三段 1、2 行
“Two portions of the total market were targeted : 1) anxious fliers . . .2) travel lovers . . .”可判断答案为 D。第
35 .A 解析 : 该问题问及 Empire Builder 客运量和利润增加的原因。依据是文章第四段第 4 行始“Results were 二
impressive .The Empire Builder ,which was focused on in one ad .enjoyed a 15 percent increase in profits on its Chicago to 部
分
Seattle route .”
【参考译文】
美国铁路客运公司在它的主要铁路线上的客运量有所下降。它和它的广告商 DDB Needham 主要关心的是
西部的一些长途客运线路 , 这些线路上的客运量下降很大。
曾经有一段时间 , 搭乘火车是穿越广阔西部的惟一一个比较实际的方法。和当时存在的其他交通工具相
比 , 火车又快又豪华 , 也很方便。但是随着时代的变迁 , 在美国汽车已经成为方便的代名词了。还有飞机 , 乘飞
机是长途旅行最快的方式。因此 , 美国铁路客运公司的广告商 DDB Needham 的任务是鼓励消费者去考虑乘火
车旅行的其他方面的优势 , 使他们转变态度 , 重新考虑乘火车去西部旅行。
DDB Needham 的目标客户群是两种人 : 一种是有飞行恐惧症的人 , 也就是那些担心飞机的安全性 , 需要放
松和干净的环境的人 ; 另一种是喜欢旅游的人 , 也就是把自己看作休闲的 , 而且把旅行的经过也当作假期的组
成部分的人。针对这两种人 , 广告公司展开了一场宣传攻势 , 把乘铁路旅行宣传成感受自由、逃离、放松和享受
西部景色的一种体验。他们强调乘火车旅行的感受 , 把乘火车在西部旅行描绘成一次冒险的经历。
相应的 , 广告展示了一些比较有名的西部线路沿途可以欣赏到的西部美景 , 并突出了这些铁路浪漫的名称
(比如帝国缔造者等等 ) 。这些广告的播放时间是放在一些以家庭为观众的电视节目中 , 或者是介绍美国自然
风光的节目中 , 以便更有效地针对特定的观众群。这样的广告结果极富成效 , 帝国缔造者号在从芝加哥到西雅大
图的线路上的利润提高了 15 % 。学
【词语注释】英
语
ridership[ raid ip] n .客运量四
comprise[ k m praiz] v .包含 , 由……组成级
考
decline [di klain] vi .下倾 , 下降 , 下垂
试
luxurous[ l g ziu ri s ] adj .奢侈的 , 豪华的
convenient [ k n vi ni nt ] adj .便利的 , 方便的历
年
compare to 与……相比
试
transportation[ tr nsp tei n] n .运输 , 运送题
casual [ k u l ] adj .偶然的 , 不经意的详
解
focus on 集中于
portray[ p trei ] vt /. vi .描绘
170
strategically[ streit d ik li] adv .战略上地

impressive [ im presiv] adj .给人深刻印象的 , 感人的
【难句点拨】
Of major concern to Amtrak and its advertising agency DDB Needham ,were the long - distance western routes where rid-
ership had been declining significantly .
这是一个倒装的复杂句 , 主句的表语是介词短语“of major concern to…”被前置 , 而其主语则因为含有关系副
词 where 所引导的定语从句 , 太长被后置。另外 , 要注意系动词“be + of + 抽象名词”这一结构和定语从句中的
谓语过去完成进行时。
36 .A 解析 : 依据是文章第一段第 2 行始“ . . .a finding that could help rid some processed food of chemical preserva-
tives”。
37 .B 解析 : 依据是文章第三段“In cream, fatty globules drift about in a sea of water .In butter , globules of a watery solu-
tion are locked away in a sea of fat . . .This means that in cream, the bacteria are free to grow throughout the mixture .”
38 .D 解析 : 依据是文章最后一段“The researchers are already working . . .to see if their products can be made resistant
第 to bacterial attack through alterations to the food’s structure .Brocklehurst believes it will be possible to . . .”。
二
部 39 .C 解析 : 根据该词出现的语境 , 也据上下文判断 , 应该是“部落”的意思 , 与 C 吻合。
分 40 .D 解析 : 依据是最后一段 “The
: researchers are already working . . .The key will be to do this while keeping the salad
cream liquid and not turning it into a solid lump .”注意 : 该句中的 while 是时间概念 , 相当于 in the course of。
【参考译文】
为什么奶油比黄油变坏要快呢 ? 有些研究者认为原因在于食物的结构 , 而不是它的化学组成 , 这样的发现
将会使一些加工食品不再需要添加化学防腐剂。
领导这个调查的 Brocklehurst 说 , 奶油和黄油的成分几乎是一样的 , 但是奶油变质比黄油要快得多 , 这是什
么原因呢 ? 两种物质都是乳状液 , 也就是一种液体颗粒均匀分部在另外一种液体颗粒中。两者的不同点在于
液体颗粒的构成和液体颗粒周围的液体的构成。
在奶油中 , 脂肪颗粒悬浮于水中 ; 而在黄油中 , 水质的溶液颗粒被封锁在脂肪中。容易使食物变质的细菌
喜欢存在于混合物中有水的区域。Brocklehurst 说 “这就
: 意味着在奶油中细菌可以到处生长 , 因为奶油中到处
是水。”
而在相反的情况下 , 也就是在黄油中 , 这些细菌都被密封在一个个水的颗粒中 , 而在这样的一个个密封仓
周围全部是脂肪 , 这样细菌就不能到处扩散 , 也不会很快就耗尽营养供给 , 它们产生有毒废物的速度也变慢了。
“也就是说在黄油中 , 实际上是一个自我抑制的系统限制了细菌的增长 , ”Brocklehurst 说道。
研究者们已经在和一些食品公司合作 , 试验是否能通过改变食品的结构使他们的产品能够抵御细菌的侵
大
学害。Brocklehurst 认为 , 有可能使制造沙拉酱的乳液的结构变得和黄油的结构一样 , 改变的关键在于不要把沙拉
英酱变成一块硬硬的东西 , 而是保持液体状态。
语
四【词语注释】
级 rid[rid] vt .使摆脱 , 使去掉
考 sour[ sau ] adj .酸的 , 发酵的 , 酸腐的 , 酸味的
试
emulsion[ i m l n] n .乳状液
历 globule [ gl bju l] n .小球 , 水珠
年 bacteria [ b k ti ri ] n . pl .细菌
试
题 compartment [k m pa tm nt] n .间隔间 , 车厢
详 nutrient [ nju tri nt] adj .有营养的
解
alteration[ lt rei n] n .变更 , 改造
lump[ l mp] n .块 (尤指小块 )
171
【难句点拨】
The difference lies in what’s in the globules and what’s in the surrounding liquid ,says Brocklehurst ,who led the investi-
gation .
这是一个复杂句 , 主句为“The difference lies in”, 而宾语则是由关系代词 what 引导的两个并列分句构成 , 而
后面的“says Brocklehurst”则是插入语起补充说明作用 , 其中又有一个由关系代词 who 引导的非限制性定语从
句。
41 .A 译文 : 她应该停止工作 ; 她头疼 , 因为看书时间太长。解析 : 根据主句时态为一般现在时 , 再根据时间状

语 too long 可排除其它诸项。
42 .B 译文 : 尼亚加拉瀑布是著名的旅游景点 , 每年吸引几百万游客。解析 : 四选项的意思分别是 : A)“ 注意
力”; B)“ 吸引点”; C)“ 约会”;D)“ 安排”。第
二
43 .B 译文 : 我不在意你推迟作出决断 , 只要不是太迟。解析 : mind 和 delay 都跟动名词 , 作宾语。注意 : your 为部
逻辑主语。分
44 .D 译文 : 希望、目标、恐惧和欲望在男人与女人、穷人与富人身上表现得极为不同。解析 : 四选项的意思分
别是 : A)“ 改变 , 改动 ; 改做 (衣服 )”; B)“ 替换 , 移动 , 转变 ; 推卸 ; 变 ( 速 ) , 调 (档 ) ”; C)“转移 , 传递 ; 调动 ; 改变 ; 转
让 ; 换车 ; 转职”; D)“ 改变 , 修改 ; 变化 , 不同”。
45 .A 译文 : 玉米起源于新大陆 , 因此直到哥伦布发现古巴人种植时才被传至欧洲。解析 : cultivate 为及物动
词 , 空格后没有宾语 , 须用被动形式。可先排除 C、D 项 , B 项属错误用法 , 故 A 对。
46 .C 译文 : 拍卖通常在室外进行 , 观众坐在长凳 , 椅子或箱子上。解析 : 因空格前的 audience 为逻辑主语 , 应
选用 seated。
47 .B 译文 : 这种有经验的工匠制作的眼镜戴着非常舒适。解析 : 相似的动词还有“feel”等表示状态和感官的
动词一般不用进行时 , 而用一般现在时。
48 .D 译文 : 有些疾病是由某些水生动物传染的。解析 : 四选项的意思分别是 : A)“ 移植 ; 迁移”; B)“ 改变 ; 改
造 ; 改革”; C)“ 运输 ; 流放 , 放逐”;D)“ 传送 ; 传导 ; 流传 ; 发射 ; 传染 ; 传播”。
49 .B 译文 : 你难道不愿意让孩子早点上床 ? 解析 : 本题结构为“would rather/ had rather + 从句”从句中谓语用过
去式。
50 .B 译文 :Anne 对取得的成功感到高兴 , 但是不知道她的私人生活会发生什么事。解析 : 根据句意当选 what。
大
51 .C 译文 : 从前老师说的话给他留下了长久印象。至今还影响着他。解析 : 四选项的意思分别是 : A)“ 长的”; 学
C)“ 持久的 , 耐久的”; B)“ 活泼的 , 快活的 ; (情绪等 )热烈的 ; 振奋的 ; 鲜明的 ; 真实的”; D)“ 自由主义的 ; 慷慨的 ; 英
语
平实的 ; 心胸宽广的 ; 不拘泥于字面的”。
四
52 .D 译文 :Mike 的叔叔坚持要求他不应呆在这个旅馆里。解析 : 该题型在四级考试中出现多次。其结构为级
“insist + 从句”。从句中 should 可省略。考
试
类似的动词有 : suggest , ask , order , demand , tell, recommend , direct , prescribe 等。
53 .D 译文 : 我们同意接受任何人 , 只要他们认为是最好的导游。解析 : 分析句子结构 , 空格处应作 accept 的宾历
年
语 , 同时作 was 的主语 , 且表示人 , 所以应选 D 项。
试
54 .A 译文 : 通过和平方式取得统一是我们一贯政策。解析 : 四选项的意思分别是 :A)“ 坚固的 ; 一贯的 , 始终如题
一的”; B)“ 连续的 , 延伸的”; C)“ 考虑周到的 , 体谅的”;D)“ 不断的 , 连续的 , 频繁的”。详
解
55 .A 译文 : 1974 至 1997 年间 , 海外游客的数量增加了 27% 。解析 : 根据题意 , 是在原有的基础上“增加了”, 故
用 by ; 所以选 A。
172
56 .C 译文 : 尽管许多人把冲突看成是有害的 , 但它迫使人们去检测他们相关观念和行为的优劣长短 , 因而有

时是有益的。解析 : 从句中不缺任何成分 , 可先排除 A、
B 项。根据句意应构成原因从句 , 当选 C , 表示因为 ; 而
不是表示目的 , 排除 D。
57 .A 译文 : 对明年奥运会上获取一枚金牌 , 他表示乐观。解析 : 四选项的意思分别是 : A)“ 乐观的 , 乐观主义
的”; B)“ 可任意选择的 , 非强制的”; C)“杰出的 , 优秀的”;D)“ 明显的”。
58 .B 译文 : 有时我真希望生活在一个不同的时代 , 一个不同的地方。解析 : A 项不成立 , 先排除 , B 项是对现
在的虚拟 , C 项是对将来的虚拟 ,D 项是对过去的虚拟。句首的 sometimes 隐含了对现在的虚拟 , 所以选 B。
59 .C 译文 : 处长对我们的做事方式非常不满。解析 “critical
: of sth /. sb .”为一习惯搭配。
60 .B 译文 : 他突然变得非常愤怒 , 抓着什么就撕得粉碎。解析 : 四选项的意思分别是 : A)“ 攻击 ; 非难 ; 着手”;
B)“爆裂 ; 突然发作 ; 突然出现”; C)“ 劈裂 , 裂缝 ; 分裂 ; 裂片”; D “
) 一阵 ( 风 ) ; 爆炸 ; 冲击波 ; 突然的毁灭性的影
响”。
61 .D 译文 : 直到天黑他才意识到回家太晚了。解析 “No
: sooner than”为固定搭配 , 但句子需倒装 ,A 错。Hardly
和 scarcely 须和 when 搭配 , B、
C 两项错。
第
二 62 .C 译文 : 在英国 , 人们每年消费四百万吨土豆。解析 : 四选项的意思分别为 : A)“ 吞下 , 耗尽 ( up) ; 忍受 ; 取
部消”; B)“ 配置 ; 处理 ; 使倾向于”; C)“ 消费”; D)“抽完 ; 耗尽 , 用完 , 竭尽 ; 使筋疲力尽”。
分 63 .A 译文 : 我会把他在该地区其他农民和商人中的声誉考虑在内 , 然后决定是否同意贷款。解析 : 四选项的
意思分别是 :A)“把…考虑在内”; B)“ 说明 … 发生的原因”; C)“ 弥补 , 补偿”; D)“ 书写 ; 拼凑 ; 说明 ; 理解 ; 辨认
出”。
64 .D 译文 : 这些申请表必须尽早寄出。解析 : 该句型为“It is essential + 从句”, 从句中 should 可省略 , 属四级常
考句型。类似的形容词较多 , 可参阅往年考题解析。
65 .D 译文 : 她把肉炖了很长时间 , 以便吃起来更嫩。解析 : 四选项的意思分别是 : A)“ 温和的 ; 暖和的 ; (烟 , 酒 )
味淡的”; B)“ 细长的 ; 脆弱的 ; 轻微的”; C)“ 轻的 ; 容易承担的 ; 少量的 ; 微弱的 ; 柔和的 ; 轻快的 ; 轻松愉快的 ; 清
淡的 , 易消化的”;D)“嫩的 ; 纤弱的 ; 敏感的 ; 温柔的 ; 难对付的”。
66 .A 译文 : 我们对皮肤一向很不在意 , 除非它烧伤了无法修复。解析 : 该题中 beyond 表示程度。
67 .C 译文 : 计算机革命在改变社会方面影响深远 , 就如同工业革命一样。
解析 : 四选项的意思分别是 : A)“当然地 , 肯定地”; B)“无意义地 ; 无关紧要地”; C)“根本地 , 十分重要地”; D)“ 比
较地 ; 比较上地 ; 相对地”。
68 .C 译文 : 以这种方式看 , 情况似乎并不是太让人失望。解析 : look 和主句主语 situation 应是被动关系 , 排除
B 两项。D 项表示目的 , 也错。
A、
大 69 .A 译文 : 我的厨房总是遭到许多蚂蚁进犯 , 太烦人了。解析 : 干扰项主要是 B 项。A、
B 项主要意思分别是 :
学
英 A)“ 损害 ; 讨厌的 ; 讨厌或麻烦的人”; B)“烦恼 ; 苦恼 ; 困境 ; 烦劳”。同时 ,A 项含有“连续不断”之意。
语 70 .D 译文 : 有些妇女如果不是呆在家里 , 本可以有一份不错的工作收入 , 但为了照料家庭 , 她们决定不外出工
四作。解析 : 属混合虚拟。 could + have + 过去分词 , 意思是“本来能做但没有做的事”, 表示惋惜 , 遗憾等。
级
考
试
Part Ⅳ Cloze
历
年 71 .C 解析 : 上文提到 21% , 此处又有 7% , 应选择 additional
“再有”。
试
题 72 .B 解析 : 此处为一习惯用法。如用 D 项应为 the other , 故错。
详 73 .A 解析 : 四选项的意思分别为 : A)“实际上”; B)“引人注目地 , 惊人地”; C)“ 理想地”;D “
) 更可取地”。根据
解句意当选 A。
74 .C 解析 : 宾格后的“in school”及后面的宾语从句暗指了 C 项“taught”。
173
75 .D 解析 : 此处主语应指下上文提到的人 , 可用人称代词 they。

76 .A 解析 “on
: a test”应为习惯搭配。
77 .B 解析 : 空格后的“their incorrect mental models . . .”及空格前的 never 决定了对 altered 的选择 , 意为“改变”。
78 .C 解析 : 文章谈论的是太阳和地球到底谁围绕谁运转 , 应是动态 , 故选择 motion。B、
D 两项都指静态。
79 .D 解析 : 根据句子结构 , 空格选词应作 support 的宾语 , 同时又作后面从句的直接宾语 , 只有 what 具有这一
功能。
80 .B 解析 “
: across the sky”是习惯搭配。
81 .C 解析 : 根据句意 , 应选择 while, 表示“在 . . .发生期间”。
82 .B 解析 “
: learn sth .by heart”是一习语。
83 .A 解析 “combine
: sth .with sth .”为固定词组 , 意为“把…与…结合”。
84 .D 解析 : 该段落涉及教授与学生 , 课堂上与课堂外的情形 , 该空格应指“学生”, 和上文的“教授”相呼应。
85 .A 解析 : 根据空格后的“side by side , each unaffected by the other .”应选择 A 项。
86 .C 解析 : 根据句意应选择 C 项。也可借助 88 题空格后的提示。第
87 .A 解析 “in
: that circumstance”是一个固定搭配。二
88 .D 解析 : 该句中动词 address 应为“谈论 , 谈及”之意 , 再根据句意应选择 specific
“具体的”。部
分
89 .B 解析 :A、D 两项不合句意 , C 项用法错误 , 只能选 B。
90 .D 解析 : 文章谈及的是概念的对错 , 所以选择 correct , 与上文的 errors 呼应。
Part Ⅴ Writing
How I Finance My College Education

范文 1 :
Nowdays, if we want to go to colledge ,we’ll have to pay a big sum of money .It’s a problem to many students . Many
ways can contribute to solve this serious problem .But the following ones be the most effective .First you can ask your parents for
help if they have nice careers .Another way to solve this problem is to apply for a bank loan .Finally ,we can find a part - time
job to get enough money .
As to me , I’m in favor of the second idea .My reasons of choice can be listed as follows: First of all , my parents are not
rich enough to afford me . Secondly , you’ll not have enough time and energy to study after finishing the part - time job .Final-
ly , I’m sure that I’ll get a nice job after graduation , then I’ll be able to pay back the loan .
Through the analysis above , I believe that bank loan is my best choice . 大
学
英
How I Finance My College Education 语
范文 2 : 四
级
While the costs of college education have risen sharply in the past few years ,students have several ways to pay for their 考
college tuition and fees .Mostly their parents will pay .Some students may apply for a bank loan and others will try to find a part 试
- time job on the campus .And besides, many students will be awarded a scholarship .In these ways, students can pay , at least
历
partly , for their college education . 年
For me , I’ll let my parents pay for my college education .This is because my parents have once promised to do so if only 试
题
I could be admitted into a university .And what’s more , I want to concentrate on my studies during my college years and I
详
won’t let the tuition problem distract me from my school work .Only in this way can I fulfil my school work .Only in this way 解
can I fulfil my dream of future and my parents will feel rewarded and be proud of me .
174
Section A
1 .M: Would you like a copy of professor Smith’s article ?
W :Thanks, if it’s not too much trouble .
2 .W :Did you visit the Television Tower when you had your vacation in Shanghai last summer ?
M: I couldn’t make it last June .But I finally visited it two months later .I plan to visit it again sometime next year .
Q: What do we learn about the man ?
3 .M: Prof .Kennedy has been very busy this semester .As far as I know, he works until midnight every day .
第 W : I wouldn’t have troubled him so much if I had known he was so busy .
二
部 Q: What do we learn from the conversation ?
分 4 .W : If I were you , I would have accepted the job .
M: I turned down the offer because it would mean frequent business trips away from my family .
Q: Why didn’t the man accept the job ?
5 .M: How are you getting on with your essay ,Mary ? I’m having a real hard time with mine .
W :After two sleepless nights, I’m finally through with it .
Q: What do we learn from this conversation ?
6 .W :Where did you say you found this bag ?
M: It was lying under a big tree between the park and the apartment building .
Q: Where did the man find the bag ?
7 .M: Wouldn’t you get bored with the same routine year after year teaching the same things to children ?
W : I don’t think it would be as boring as working in an office .Teaching is most stimulating .
Q: What does the woman imply about office work ?
8 .M: I was terribly embarrassed when some of the audience got up and left in the middle of the performance .
W :Well, some people just can’t seem to appreciate real - life drama .
大
学 9 .W :Oh , it’s so cold .We haven’t had such a severe winter for so long , have we ?
英 M: Yes , the forecast says it’s going to get worse before it warms up .
语
四
级 10 .M: You were seen hanging about the store on the night when it was robbed , weren’t you ?
考 W: Me ? You must have made a mistake .I was at home that night .
试
历 Section B
年 Passage One
试
题 There are three groups of English learners : beginners, intermediate learners, and learners of special English .Beginners
详 need to learn the basics of English .Students who have reached an intermediate level benefit from learning general English
解
skills .But what about students who want to learn specialist English for their work or professional life ? Most students, who fit
into this third group have a clear idea about what they want to learn .A bank clerk , for example ,wants to use this specialist vo-
175
cabulary and technical terms of finance .But for teachers, deciding how to teach specialist English is not always so easy .For a
start , the variety is enormous .Every field from airline pilots to secretaries has its own vocabulary and technical terms .Teachers
also need to have an up - to - date knowledge of that specialist language , and not many teachers are exposed to working envi-
ronments outside the classroom .These issues have influenced the way specialist English is taught in schools .This type of course
is usually known as English for Specific Purposes, or ESP and there isn’t ESP courses for almost every area of professional and
working life .In Britain , for example, there are courses which teach English for doctors, lawyers , reporters , travel agents and
people working in the hotel industry .By far , the most popular ESP courses are for business English .
11 .What is the characteristic of learners of special English ?
12 .Who needs ESP courses most ?
13 .What are the most popular ESP courses in Britain ?
14 .What is the speaker mainly talking about ?
Passage Two
The first step to stop drug - abuse is knowing why people start to use drugs .The reasons people abuse drugs are as differ- 第
ent as people are from one to another .But there seems to be one common thread : people seem to take drugs to change the way 二
they feel .They want to feel better or feel happy or to feel nothing .Sometimes, they want to forget or to remember .People often 部
分
feel better about themselves when they are under the influence of drugs .But the effects don’t last long .Drugs don’t solve
problems .They just postpone them .No matter how far drugs may take you , it’s always around trip .After a while , people who
miss drugs may feel worse about themselves, and then they may use more drugs .If someone you know is using or abusing
drugs, you can help .The most important part you can play is to be there .You can let your friends know that you care .You can
listen and try to solve the problem behind your friend’s need to use drugs .Two people together can often solve a problem that
seems too big for one person alone .Studies of heavy abusers in the United States show that they felt unloved and unwanted .
They didn’t have close friends to talk to .When you or your friends take the time to care for each other , you’re all helping to
stop drug - abuse .After all,what is a friend for ?
15 .Why do some people abuse drugs ?
16 .According to the passage ,what is the best way to stop friends from abusing drugs ?
17 .What are the findings of the studies about heavy drug users ?
Passage Three
Bows and arrows, are two of man’s oldest weapons .They gave early man an effective weapon to kill his enemies .The or-
dinary bow or short bow was used by nearly all early people .This bow had limited power and short range .However , man over-
came these faults by learning to track his targets at a close range .The long bow was most likely discovered when someone 大
found out that a five - foot piece of wood made a better bow than a three - foot piece .Hundreds of thousands of these bows 学
were made and used for three hundred years .However , not one is known to survive today .We believe that a force of about one 英
语
hundred pounds was needed to pull the string all the way back on a long bow .For a long time the bow was just a bent stick and 四
string .In fact, more changes have taken place in a bow in the past 25 years than in the last 7 centuries .Today , bow is forceful . 级
考
It is as exact as a gun .In addition , it requires little strength to draw the string .Modern bows also have precise aiming devices .
试
In indoor contests, perfect scores from 40 yards are common .The invention of the bows itself ranks with discovery of fire and
the wheel .It was a great - step - forward for man . 历
年
18 .Why did man have to track his target at a close range when using a short bow ?
试
19 .What does the passage tell us about the long bow ? 题
20 .What do we know about modern bows ? 详
解
1 .C 2 .C 3 .B 4 .D 5 .B
6 .D 7 .A 8 .C 9 .D 10 .B
176
11 .D 12 .A 13 .B 14 .C 15 .B
16 .A 17 .A 18 .C 19 .B 20 .A
21 .B 解析 : 依据为第一段第 2 行“A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees”。
22 .C 解析 : 主要依据在第三段。注意“converted to a standard match of 90 minutes”的含义 , 是指“转换成 90 分钟的
标准比赛”。最关键的提示词为“ a remarkably high number”, 文章并未涉及模拟比赛和标准比赛错误率的比较 ,
也没有提及法国世界杯上的误判率 , 所以 A、
B、D 项均无法推断。
23 .A 解析 : 最关键的提示出现在第四段第 2 句“Surprisingly , he found that errors were more likely when the referees
were close to the incident .”, 以及第六段第 2 行起“ . . .it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a
distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball , . . .”。
第 24 .C 解析 : 猜测词义最根本的方法应根据该词出现的上下文 , 即该词的语境。该词上下文提到 : 当 referees 离

二 incident 靠得比较近时 , 就越可能出现误判 , 而当 officials 判罚正确时 , 他们距离犯规地点平均有 17 米。显然 , of-
部 ficials 就是指上文的 referees, 故 C 正确。
分
25 .B 解析 : 依据为文章最后一小段。
【参考译文】
1998 年世界杯足球赛结束之后很久了 , 失望的球迷还是在责怪那些有争议的裁判 , 认为是他们的错误裁决
使他们的球队没有得胜。一个研究人员被指派去研究一些知名裁判的裁决。
这个研究者组织了一场实验性的锦标赛。共有四支青年队参加 , 每场比赛持续一小时 , 并分成三个 20 分
钟的阶段 , 每个阶段都分别由不同的裁判员来裁决。
在比赛中 , 研究者记录下裁判所犯错误共有 61 处。如果把这些数字转换成 90 分钟的正式比赛的话 , 那么
每一个裁判员大概犯 23 个错误 , 这是一个相当高的数字。
研究者又观看了比赛的录像带 , 来仔细研究这些裁判所犯的错误。他吃惊地发现如果裁判员离出事地点
越近 , 越容易犯错误。裁判员做出正确判断时 , 他们离出事地点的平均距离是 17 米 , 而做出错误判断时的平均
距离是 12 米。所以 , 调查者认为离出事地点的最佳距离应该是 20 米。
还有一个关于最佳速度的发现 , 裁判做出正确判断时的最佳移动速度是在每秒两米的时候 , 而容易犯错误
的平均速度是每秒四米。
研究者认为如果国际足联想要在一下届世界杯上提高裁判员的水平的话 , 应该让裁判员离出事地点远一
大
学点去进行判断 , 而不是不停地跟着球跑。研究者还认为国际足联规定裁判员必须在 45 岁退休 , 这种观念可能
英是错误的 , 因为如果没有必要跟着球跑 , 那么裁判员的身体状况也就不那么重要了。
语【词语注释】
四
级 curse[ k s] vt .诅咒 , 咒骂
考 referee [ref ri] v .仲裁 , 裁判 n .[ 体] 裁判员
试
appoint[ p int] vt .任命 , 委任
历 tournament [ tu n m nt ] n .比赛 , 锦标赛
年 convert [k n v t] vt .转变 , 变换
试
题 in the case of 在……情况下
详 optimum[ ptim m] adj .最适宜的
解 FIFA 国际足联
keep one’s eyes on 注视 , 监视
177
insistence [ in sist ns] n .坚持 , 坚决主张

misguide[ mis gaid] vt .误导
critical[ kritik( ) l ] adj .关键性的 , 紧要的
【难句点拨】
If FIFA, footall’s international ruling body ,wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next Would Cup , it should
encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball , the researcher
argues .
这是一个复杂句 , 在由连词 if 引导的条件状语从句中 , 主语有一个同位语 , 而在主句中 , 不定式短语“ to
keep their eyes on…”充当宾语 referees 的补足语 , 介词短语“rather than rushing to keep up with the ball”在句中充当状
语 , 表示否定 ; 另外 , 句子结尾处“the researcher argues”是插入语 , 起补充说明作用。
26 .D 解析 : 作者的观点明显表现在第一段“While still in its early stages , welfare reform has already been judged a
great success in many states . . .”, 当然第六段也可看出作者的观点。
27 .C 解析 : 依据是第二段第 2 句始“but 70 percent of the people who left in the past two years took jobs that paid less 第
than ＄6 an hour . . .”。二
28 .A 解析 : 最主要的依据应该是第三小段“ . . .that’s an indication much more needs to be done”。部
分
29 .B 解析 : 依据为倒数第二段第 2 行“The reform is changing the moral climate in low - income communities .It’s be-
ginning to rebuild the work ethic ,which is much more important .”。
30 .D 解析 : 文章有数处提示。其中第一段“ . . .at least in getting people off welfare .It’s estimated that more than 2
million people have left the rolls since 1994 .”, 第二段“In the past four years ,welfare rolls in Athens county have been cut in
half . . .”, 以及第五段、第六段都有提示。
【参考译文】
福利改革还在早期的时候 , 就在很多州被人们认为是巨大的成功 , 至少是很多人不再依靠福利过活了。据
调查大概有 200 多万人口从 1994 年开始就不再接受福利了。
在过去的四年里 ,Athens 市接受福利的人数已经渐少了一半。但是 , 在过去的两年里 , 在停止接受福利的
人中有 70% 的人找到的工作是工资低于每小时六块钱的。其结果是 Athens 市大约有 30% 的人仍然处在贫困
线以下 , 这个数字是全国平均数目的两倍。
这意味着我们需要做更多的事情。
华盛顿的一位政策分析家说 “
: 确实有更多的人找到了工作 , 但是这些工作并没有使他们的生活状况好
转。”
美国全国人口普查的数据分析结果显示 , 从 1995 年到 1996 年之间 , 有更多的单亲母亲家庭确实是依靠自大
己挣钱来过活 , 但是她们的平均收入实际上是降低了。学
但是对很多人来说 , 穷人不再需要政府的资助而能够自己养活自己 , 这本身就是一个巨大的胜利。一位福英
语
利改革的政策分析家 Robert Rector 说 “福利是一种毒素
: , 它在侵蚀着家庭。而福利改革改变了低收入家庭的道四
德水平 , 重新树立了工作是美德的道德准则 , 这一点是更重要的。” 级
考
Rector 先生和其他人认为一旦这种依靠别人、依靠政府的习惯被打破后 , 国家就可以采用一些其他的手段
试
去提高人民的生活水平。
【词语注释】历
年
welfare [ welf (r) ] adj /. n .福利 ( 的)
试
roll[ r ul ] n .名单题
advocate[ dv kit] n .提倡者 , 代言人详
解
indication[ indi kei ( ) n] n .暗示 , 迹象
toxin[ t ksin] n .毒素
178
rebuild[ ri bild] v .重建 , 改造

ethic[ e ik] n .道德观
crack[ kr k] v .( 使 )破裂
aim at 瞄准 , 针对
【难句点拨】
But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did
with it is in itself a huge victory .
这是一个复杂句 , 主句为“the fact is a huge victory”, 其中介词短语“But for many”作全句的状语 , 而“ in itself”也
是状语 , 表示强调 , 在语句的主语中有一个理解难度很高的同位语从句 , 因为在这个同位语从句中还有一个比
较状语从句 , 以 as well… as 引导 , 而且这个比较从句用的是省略形式 , 其中的“ it”指“government aid”。
31 .B 解析 : 主要依据为第一段第 1 行始“Americans are proud of their variety and individuality , yet they love and re-
spect few things more than a uniform . . .”。
32 .A 解析 : 依据第二段第 2 行始“People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a u-
第 niform . . .”可判断 A 项正确。
二
部 33 .D 解析 : 第二段最后一句的意思为 : 对于一名护士 , 理发师或是一名侍者而言 , 还有什么更加便利的方法比
分脱掉制服能让他们失去职业身份呢 ? 本题属反向考题型。
34 .C 解析 : 依据是第四段“Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss
of individuality experienced by people who must wear them . . .”。
35 .D 解析 : 根据第二段、第三段、第四段、第五段的开头可看出文章的主要内容。
【参考译文】
美国人特别以自己的多样性和个性而自豪 , 但是他们非常喜爱和尊重制服 , 无论是电梯操作员的制服还是
五星上将的制服。为什么制服在美国那么受欢迎呢 ? 原因之一是 , 在很多人看来穿制服比穿普通百姓的衣服
看上去更加职业化 , 人们习惯于期待从穿制服的人身上看到超常的品质。如果电视机修理工穿着制服去修电
视 , 就比穿普通的服装更能给人带来信任感 , 穿制服的汽车修理工给人的感觉也是这样。另外 , 对于护士、警
察、理发师和侍者来说 , 要想让别人不知道自己的职业身份 , 有什么方法比脱掉制服更加容易呢 ?
制服还有一些很实际的好处 , 比如说你不需要花钱买别的衣服了 , 也不需要花钱去清洗它 , 而且它是可减
税的。而且制服相对普通衣服来说更舒服 , 更耐穿。
反对制服的观点主要是它们缺少变化 , 穿制服使人失去个性。尽管有很多种制服 , 但是一旦穿上了某一种
制服 , 就一辈子穿下去了 , 没有任何变化 , 一直到退休为止。当人们看上去相象时 , 他们的思想、语言、行动也会
变得相像 , 至少在工作中是这样的。
大
学制服也会带来一些很实际的问题。尽管它们比较耐穿 , 但是起初花费在制服上的钱可能会比普通衣服要
英高。还有一些制服 , 保养起来是非常花钱的 , 它们需要专业化的干洗 , 而不能在家里做普通的清洗。
语
四【词语注释】
级 variety[v rai ti ] n .变化 , 多样性
考 individuality[ individju l ti] n .个性
试
uniform[ ju nif m] n .制服
历 conditioned[k n di ( )nd] n .习惯于…… (的 )
年 civilian[ si vili n] adj .百姓的
试
题 superior[ su pi ri ( r) ] adj .较高的 , 上好的
详 inspire[ in spai ( r) ] vi .激发 , 使产生
解
identity[ ai dentiti ] n .身份
initial [ i ni ( ) l ] adj .最初的 , 初始的
179
durable [ dju r bl ] adj .持久的 , 耐用的

tax - deductible[ t ks di d kt b( ) l ] adj .可扣除的
【难句点拨】
Americans are proud of their variety and individuality , yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform ,whether
it is the uniform of an elevator or the uniform of a five - star general .
这是一个由并列连词 yet 引导的并列句 , 而在后面的并列分句则由主句“they love and respect few things more
than a uniform”和“whether…or”引导的表示选择的状语从句所构成 ; 主句中的谓语“ love and respect”为并列谓语 ,
而宾语“few things more than a uniform”为强调形式 , 表示“极其喜欢 , 尊敬的事物”。
36 .A 解析 : 依据为第一段第 1 行始“Since we are social beings , the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our
interpersonal relationships .”。
37 .B 解析 : 依据为第一段第 4 行始“ . . .Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major
life changes and daily hassles .People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties .”。
38 .C 解析 : 根据上下文可以断定 A、
D 意思相反 , 可先排除 , B 项太绝对 , 所以只有 C 项吻合原意。第
39 .A 解析 : 依据为文章最后“ . . .Finally , other people may give us instrumental support—financial aid , material re- 二
sources, and needed service . . .”。而该题所举的例子“帮助病中的邻居修理东西”应属于 needed services, 所以应选部
分
择 A 项。
40 .D 解析 : 主要依据是文章第二段第 5 行始“ . . .Engaging in leisure - time activities with others helps us to . . . while
at the same time distracting us from our worries and troubles .”。
【参考译文】
由于我们是社会动物 , 所以我们的生活质量在很大程度上依赖于我们的人际关系。人类的优势之一是我
们能够在压力很大的情况下互相给予支持。社会支持包含人们之间基于人际关系基础上的资源交换。有强大
的支持系统的那些人能更好地应付生活中的变化和困难。比较而言 , 社会关系比较好的人寿命更长也更健康。
对包括精神衰弱和心脏病的一系列疾病的研究表明 , 社会支持能帮助人们抵御疾病 , 而如果没有这些支持的
话 , 我们的健康就有可能出现问题。
社会支持能从几方面减轻人们的压力。首先 , 朋友、亲戚、或者同事 , 能让我们知道他们很在乎我们。当我
们知道尽管自己有错误但还是得到了别人的接受时 , 我们的自尊就会得到加强。其次 , 其他人还可能给我们一
些信息上的支持 , 他们能帮助我们了解自己的问题 , 并帮我们找到解决问题的方法。第三点是 , 我们通常还会
希望有一些伙伴关系。和其他人在一起从事一些休闲活动不仅能满足我们的社交需求 , 而且能转移我们的注
意力 , 使我们不会总想着困难和麻烦。最后 , 其他人还能给我们一些实际的帮助 , 比如经济上的援助、物质上的
提供、其他我们需要的一些服务等 , 这些都会通过帮助我们解决问题 , 来减轻我们的压力。大
【词语注释】学
interpersonal relationship 人际关系英
语
stressful [ stresful ] adj .产生压力的四
cope with 对付 , 处理级
考
a range of 一系列
试
depression[ di pre n] n .[ 医 ]抑郁症
reveal [ ri vi l ] vt .展现 , 显示历
年
fend off 挡开
试
cushion[ ku n] vt .缓和 , 减轻 ( 压力) 题
value [v lju ] vt .评价详
解
define[ di fain] vt .界定 , 详细说明
companionship[ k m p nj n ip] n .交情 , 交往
180
distract [ di str kt ] v .转移

instrumental[ instru ment( ) l] adj .有帮助的 , 起作用的
【难句点拨】
Finally , other people may give us instrumental support - financial aid , material resources, and needed services that re-
duces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems .
这是一个复杂句 , 主句为“other people may give us instrumental support”, 副词“finally”作全句的状语 , 而两个破
折号之间的三个名词词组则充当宾语的同位语 , 起说明作用 , 另外 , 宾语后面由关系代词 that 连接的定语从句 ,
对其作更进一步解释 , 其中介词短语“by helping us resolve and cope with our problems”作方式状语。
41 .D 译文 : 我们订购的货物还未送到 , 不能再等了 , 因此我们不得不取消订单。解析 : 四选项的意思分别为 :
第 A)“ 推迟 , 使延期 , 延续”; B)“ 拒绝”; C)“ 耽搁 , 推迟”; D)“取消”。

二 42 .A 译文 : 这些书将提供你所需的全部信息 , 你可在任何一家书店里买到。解析 : information 为不可数名词 ,
部先排除 B、D 两项。C 项中缺乏限定词 , 也错。
分
43 .C 译文 : 直到比赛开始时 , 他才赶到运动场。解析 : 在他到达运动场前比赛已经开始 , 所以空格处应选用过
去时。
44 .B 译文 : 年轻人并不满足于静观艺术品 ; 他们需要自己能够参与其中的艺术。解析 : 四选项的意思分别为 :
A)“ 保存的 ; 保守的 , 守旧的 ; 有节制的”; B)“ 满足的 ; 甘愿的”; C)“ 有信心的 , 自信的”;D)“ 慷慨的”。
45 .C 译文 : 大多数电视公司断言电视一直受到人们不公正的批评 , 并申辩这一媒体的影响力被夸大了。解
析 : 四选项的意思分别为 :A)“同意 , 授予 ; 转让 ; 假定 , 承认”; B)“ 暗示 ; 隐含”; C)“ 夸大 , 高估”; D)“ 医治 ; 补救 ,
纠正 ; 修补”。
46 .A 译文 : 这些调查表明 , 很多犯罪未被警方记录下来 , 因为许多受害者并没有报案。解析 “
: go + 过去分词”
构成系表结构。
47 .B 译文 : 我不反对把你的故事再听一遍。解析 “
: object to + 动名词”“
, objection to + 动名词”为习惯用法 , 故
B 正确。
48 .B 译文 : 一个人的着装可大致体现他的身份或社会地位。解析 : 四选项的含义分别为 :A)“ 好奇心”; B)“ 身
份 ; 地位”; C)“ 决定 ; 限定 ; 决心 ; 判决”;D)“ 意义 ; 意味 ; 重要性”。
49 .D 译文 : 按规矩 , 如果一个人购买大宗货物 , 那么应给他充分的机会反复斟酌。解析 : 四个形容词的意思分
大
学别是 :A)“ 精确的”; B)“ 紧急的”; C)“过多的 , 过分的 , 极度的”;D)“ 充分的 , 适当的 , 足够的 ; 胜任的”。
英 50 .B 译文 : 无论你走到哪里 , 都会看到这个产品的广告。解析 : 产品和 advertise 之间应为被动关系 , 可先排除
语 C、D 两项 ,A 项为动词不定式 , 表示目的 , 也错。
四
级 51 .C 译文 : 早期的拓荒者为了在新的土地上定居下来 , 不得不历经千辛万苦。解析 : 四个动词短语的含义分
考别是 :A)“ (陪 )一起去 ; 赞同 ; 附和”; B)“ 背叛 ; 违背 , 毁 ( 约 )”; C)“ 经受 ; 经历 ; 仔细检查 , 搜查 ; 参加 , 履行 ”; D)
试
“进入 ; 加入 ; 探究 ; 进入…状态”。
历 52 .B 译文 : 由市长颁奖这一建议为大家所接受。解析 : 同位语从句中的谓语形式应根据 suggestion 的要求 , 应
年为“should + 动词原形”,should 可省略。该题为常考题型 , 望考生注意其变化。
试
题 53 .A 译文 : 啤酒在男性中是最受喜爱的饮品 , 他们的消费总量比女性的要高得多。解析 : 重点区分关系代词。
详 54 .B 译文 : 彼得开了一整天的车 , 他建议到下一个镇马上停下来。解析 : 根据“suggest + doing”这一用法 , 可先
解排除 A、
C 两项 ,D 项为完成式 , 说明该动作发生在谓语动作之前 , 根据句意显然不对 , 所以答案为 B。
55 .C 译文 : 我不认识那个单词 , 不得不查词典。解析 : 四选项的意思分别是 :A)“ 面朝 ; 当心 ; 照料”; B)“书写 ;
181
开列 ; 拼凑 ; 说明 , 理解 ; 辨认出”; C)“谈到 ; 涉及 ; 查阅 ; 查询”; D)“ 走到另一边去 ; 转变 ; 仔细检查”。

56 .D 译文 : 这位教授几乎找不出充分的论据 , 来支撑他赞同新理论的论点。解析 : 根据句意 , 介词 on 应置于
关系代词之前 , 构成“ to base his arguments on the grounds”的合理意义。
57 .A 译文 : 有迹象表明 , 饭店越来越受到家庭的青睐。解析 : 同位语从句。
58 .A 译文 : 我想当我听到这个消息的时候 , 我在学校 , 要不就是和朋友在度假。解析 : 四选项的意思分别为 :
A)“ 否则 ; 要不然”; B)“ 大约”; C)“其后 , 然后 ; 以后 ; 继之”; D)“ 即便如此”。
59 .A 译文 : 据说数学老师似乎更偏爱聪明的学生。解析 : 四个形容词的意思分别是 :A)“ 偏袒的 , 不公平的 ; 癖
好的 ; 部分的”; B)“ 对…有益的”; C)“更可取的 , 更好的”; D)“ 有责任的 , 有义务的 ; 应受 ( 罚 ) 的 , 应服从的 ; 易于
…的”。
60 .C 译文 : 为了向老板证明他工作得多么仔细 , 在处理数据时他煞费苦心。解析 : 四选项的含义分别为 : A)
“广大的 , 广博的 , 广阔的”; B)“多余的 , 剩下的 ; 备用的 ; 节约的 , 少量的 ; 瘦的 ”; C)“ 额外的 ; 格外的”; D)“ 最高
的 , 至上的 ; 最大的 , 极度的”。
61 .A 译文 : —“今晚 5 点我能和你的经理 Mr .Williams 谈谈吗 ?” 第
—“很抱歉。Mr .Williams 那时早就开会去了。”解析 : 本题关键词为“before then”, 应选择将来完成二
部
时。分
62 .D 译文 : 你不应该和他靠得那么近 , 应该和他保持一定距离。解析 : 虚拟语气。
63 .D 译文 : 半日工作制和弹性工作制以及培训和再培训计划的推广使得更多的妇女能充分利用就业机会。
解析 : 该句的主语是“The growth”, 所以谓语应选用“allows”。
64 .A 译文 : 大家聚集在大厅 , 受到了书记的欢迎。解析 : 四动词的意思分别是 : A)“ 集合 ”; B)“ 积累”; C)“ 堆
积 ; 拥挤 , 进入”; D)“ 联合 ; 参加 , 加入 ; 邻接”。
65 .B 译文 : 新开一扇窗就必须拆除部分屋顶。解析 : 四动词的意思分别是 :A)“ 包括 , 包含”; B)“ 包括 ; 包含 ; 使
卷入 ; 使专注”; C)“ 包含 , 容纳 ; 等于 ; 控制”;D)“ 包括 ; 由…组成 ; 构成”。
66 .C 译文 : 生活在这个国家的西部有许多问题 , 获得淡水并非是最次要的问题。解析 : 句中 least 作代词暗示
对介词 of 的选择 , 故 C 正确。
67 .C 译文 : 一旦工程不能成功 , 投资商就得面临 3 千万美元的损失。
解析 “in
: the face of”意为“纵然 , 面对”“in
; the time of”意指“在…特殊时期”“
; in the event of”表示“如果…发生 , 一
旦…发生”“in
; the course of”意指“在…期间”。
68 .D 译文 : 经理不愿他的女儿和他在同一办公室工作。解析 “
: would rather”用法。其后跟从句中谓语用过去
时。该题型已考过多次。
69 .D 译文 : 尽管他很喜欢她 , 但是有时确实也烦她。解析 : 副词置前构成让步从句 , 所以 D 为正确答案。大
学
70 .B 译文 : 英国宪法在很大程度上是一种以上描述的诸多历史事件的产物。解析 “
: to a large extent”固定搭英
配。语
四
级
Part Ⅳ Translation 考
试
S1 .1998 年世界杯足球赛早已尘埃落定 , 但失望的球迷们仍在责骂那些颇有争议的判罚 , 声称正是那些判罚使历

年
他们的球队没能获胜。
试
S2 .但是穷人在没有政府救济的情况下 , 生活照样过得很好 , 对很多人来说 , 这一事实本身就是一个巨大的胜题
利。详
解
S3 .对于一名护士、理发师或是一名侍者而言 , 还有什么比脱掉制服更加便利的方法能让他们失去职业身份呢 ?
S4 .社会资助是由人与人之间的资源交换所构成的 , 而这种交换乃是建立在他们的人际关系的基础之上。
182
Part Ⅴ Writing

范文 1 :
A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test (CET) .People differ in
their attitudes toward it .Many people believe that such a test is necessary .They say that the test can inspect the all - round a-
bilities of a student , because spoken English focuses on the practical communicable ability much more .Our ultimate goal in
learning English is not for passing tests but for effective communication .
But still others are opposite to the point .They admit the importance of spoken English , but they don’t think that it is nec-
essary to hold a test .Whether to pass the spoken English test or not, the subjective factors play an active role, that is , the test
cannot or might not display the practical ability of a student .They insist that it should be sensible for teachers to pay attention
to speaking more in English and encourage their students to participate more in interactive activities .
第
二 Personally , I don’t care about whether a test of spoken English will be included or not , I have decided to try my best to
部 improve my spoken English .Talking with others in English often is the best method to improve my spoken English .I will push
分
forward my solution of English and improve it .I will have a much better and brighter future some day .

范文 2 :
A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test ( CET) .We have all tak-
en , and are thus familiar with , English tests of many kinds, but so far most of them are written ones .Have you any idea of what
a spoken English test will be like , and is it necessary to go to all the trouble to hold or take such a test ? People differ in their
answers .
Many people will think it necessary .They know that although they have taken dozens, even hundreds, of English tests ever
since they started learning it and many even have got surprisingly high marks, few of them can express themselves freely in
spoken English .And if people can’t speak a word of it ,what’s the sense of learning it and what do those high marks mean ?
They’re none but deaf - and - mutes before the native speakers .F urthermore ,with so many college graduates and undergradu-
ates having passed CET4 and CET6 , a test of spoken English is a further way to tell the excellent from the not so excellent .Fi-
nally , it is viewed as a new challenge to those who“live and learn”.
大 There are , however , also people who think differently .Besides the pains in preparation for such a new kind of test, there is
学 also the uncertainty about the reliability and objectivity of the marking system ,which may depend mainly on human ( and thus
英
语 subjective ) scoring instead of on machine scoring , as in the case of a standardized objective test such as CET4 and CET6 .
四 At the prospect of this optional test , I feel encouraged and regard it as a welcome challenge and another opportunity to
级
improve my language ability and career potentials .I am determined to practice my oral English more often , and if I am quali-
考
试 fied for such a test, I will not hesitate a moment to apply for it .
历
年
试
题
详
解
183
Section A
1 .M: Hi , Jane .Do you have some change ? I have to make a call on the pay phone .
W :Pay phone ? Why not use my mobile phone ? Here you are .
Q: What will the man most probably do ?
2 .M: Can you tell me the title of this oil painting ?
W :Sorry, I don’t know for sure .But I guess it’s an early 18th - century - work .Let me look it up in the catalog .
Q:Where does their conversation most probably take place ?
3 .M: I’m worried about those classes I missed when I was sick . 第
W : I’ll try to bring you up to date on what we’ve done . 二
Q: What does the woman mean ? 部
分
4 .W :Hey, Dan , I hear you’re meeting Susan’s parents for the first time .
M: Yeah , next weekend .Fortunately , her father loves to fish , so we’ll have something to talk about .
Q: What can be inferred about Dan ?
5 .W :Professor White’s presentation seems to go on forever .I was barely able to stay awake .
M: How could you sleep through it ? It’s one of the best I have ever heard on this topic .
Q: What does the man think of Professor White’s presentation ?
6 .W : I’m looking for quality paper to type my essay .I don’t see any on the shelf .
M: I saw some in the stock room this morning .I’ll go and check .
Q: What does the woman want to buy ?
7 .M: It seems that we’ll have another fine day tomorrow .Let’s go to the seaside .
W :OK, but we’ll have to leave very early , or else we’ll get caught in the traffic .
Q: What does the woman suggest ?
8 .M: Do you know James ? He’s in your class .
W : Certainly .In fact, he was the first person I got to know in my class .I still remember the look on his face when he showed
up late on the first day of school . 大
Q: Why did the woman remember James so well ? 学
9 .W :The man at the garage thinks that I take good care of my car . 英
语
M: So do I .I can’t see any scratches on the outside and the inside is clean too . 四
Q: What does the man think of the woman’s car ? 级
考
10 .M: Wonderful day , isn’t it ? Want to join me for a swim ?
试
W: If you don’t mind waiting while I get prepared .
Q: What does the woman mean ? 历
年
Section B
试
Passage One 题
A friend of mine told me that when he was a young man , he went to work as a teacher in one of the states of India . 详
解
One day , he received an invitation to dinner at the ruler’s palace .Very pleased , he went to tell his colleagues .They
laughed , and told him the meaning of the invitation .They had all been invited and each person who was invited had to bring
184
with him a certain number of silver and gold coins .The number of coins varied according to the person’s position in the service
of the government .My friend’s income was not high ,so he did not have much to pay .
Each person vowed before the ruler .His gold went onto one heap ; his silver went onto another heap .And in this way he
paid his income tax for the year .
This was the simple way of collecting income tax .The tax on property was also collected simply .The ruler gave a man the
power to collect a tax from each owner of land or property in a certain area if this man promised to pay the ruler a certain
amount of money .Of course , the tax collector managed to collect more money than he paid to the ruler .The difference between
the sum of money he collected and the sum of money he gave to the ruler was his profit .
11 .What do we know about the speaker’s friend ?
12 .What was the real purpose of ruler’s invitation ?
13 .What does the passage say about the tax collectors ?
Passage Two
Around the year 1000 A .D ., some people from northwest India began to travel westwards .Nobody knows why .After leav-
第 ing their homes , they did not settle down again , but spent their lives moving from one place to another .Their later generations
二
部 are called Romany people , or Gypsies .There are Gypsies all over the world , and many of them are still travelling with no fixed
分 homes .There are about 8 million of them including 3 million in eastern Europe .Gypsies sometimes have a hard time in the
countries where they travel , because they are different .People may be afraid of them , look down on them, or think they are
criminals .The Nazis treated the Gypsies cruelly , like the Jews , and nobody knows how many of them died in Hitler’s death
camps .
Gypsies have their own language, Romany .They like music and dancing , and they often work in fairs and travelling
shows .Travelling is very important to them, and many Gypsies are unhappy if they have to stay in one place .Because of this ,
it is difficult for Gypsy children to go to school .And Gypsies are often unable to read and write .In some places , the education
authorities try to arrange special travelling schools for Gypsy children , so that they can get the same education as other chil-
dren .
14 .Why did the ancestors of Gypsies leave their home ?
15 .What is the attitude of some people towards Gypsies ?
16 .What measure has been taken to help Gypsy children ?
Passage Three
As the car industry develops, traffic accidents have become as familiar as the common cold , yet their cause and control re-
mains a serious problem that is difficult to solve .Experts have long recognized that this discouraging problem has notable caus-
大
学 es .At the very least , it is a problem that involves 3 factors : the driver , the vehicle and the road way .If all drivers exercised
英 good judgement at all times , there would be few accidents .But this is rather like saying that if all people were honest , there
语
四 would be no crime .Improved design has helped to make highways much safer .But the tide of accidents continues to rise be-
级 cause of human failure and enormous increase in the number of automobiles on the road .Attention is now turning increasingly
考 to the third factor of the accident, the car itself .Since people assume that accidents are bound to occur , they want to know how
试
cars can be built better to protect the drivers .
历 17 .What does the speaker think of the causes of automobile accidents ?
年 18 .What measure has been taken to reduce car accidents ?
试
题 19 .What remains an important factor for the rising number of road accidents ?
详 20 .What’s the focus of people’s attention today according to the passage ?
解
1 .B 2 .C 3 .B 4 .C 5 .D
6 .A 7 .B 8 .A 9 .D 10 .C
185
11 .D 12 .C 13 .A 14 .D 15 .C
16 .A 17 .B 18 .B 19 .D 20 .A
21 .A 解析 : 关键依据为第一段第 2 行始“Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that . . .”。
22 .C 解析 : 该题中有一关键词“primary”, 考生必须把文章第一段后半部分和第二段开头结合起来理解 , 方可
选对。具体须正确理解的句子为第一段最后一句和第二段第 1 句。选项 B 具有一定干扰度 , 但它是“obedience
training”的第二目的 , 这一点可以从第三段第 1 句判断出来。
23 .B 解析 : 该题较简单。问及狗与主人之间有效的交流的作用 , 只要参阅第二段最后一句即可 , 即“Effective
communication is necessary to instruct your dog about what you want it to do”。
24 .D 解析 : 该题较简单。依据为第三段最后一句“Most dogs love performing tricks for you to pleasantly accept that
第
you are in charge .”关键是理解对“accept that you are in charge”即可选出正确答案 D 项。
二
25 .C 解析 : 文章最后两行说明 : 一只训练有素的狗更自信 , 所以较未受训练的狗而言 , 可以给予更多的自由。
部
故选项 C 正确。分
【参考译文】
狗是一种社会动物 , 如果不经过适当的训练 , 它们就会表现的像野生动物一样。它们会弄脏房子 , 毁坏财
物 , 乱吵乱叫 , 和其他狗打架 , 甚至会咬主人。所有这些问题都是正常的犬类行为 , 只不过是发生在错误的时
间、错误的地点、针对错了对象。要防止或解决这些狗的行为问题 , 关键在于教导狗将这些行为以家庭能够接
受的方式进行。
最好的一个解决方式是驯服你的狗。尽管驯服并不能解决狗的所有行为问题 , 但是它却是解决任何问题
的基础。因为驯服的过程实际上在你和你的狗之间建立了一种交流 , 而有效的交流对于向狗传达你的命令是
十分必要的。
训练也是建立社会等级关系的一种简单的方法。当你的狗听从了你发出的一个简单的命令 , 比如“过来 ,
坐下”, 它实际上是在表明对你的尊重和服从。你并不需要用一些极端的手段来证明你是首领 , 你可以教狗对
你表示服从。很多狗都喜欢为人表演一些小把戏 , 以此来接受人的领导地位。
训练狗对你和狗来说都应该是既有趣又有益 , 训练能使你们之间的关系更为丰富 , 而且使狗和主人在一起
的生活变得更加有趣。一条训练有素的狗会更加自信 , 而且你能更放心地给它更多自由。
【词语注释】
soil [ s il] vt .弄脏大
学
bark[ ba k] v .吠 , 咆哮英
redirect[ ri dai rekt] vt .使改变方向语
outlet [ autlet] n .出口 , 出路四
级
open up 开始 , 展开考
submission[ s b mi ( ) n] n .服从 , 谦恭试
be in charge 管理 , 支配
历
trick[ trik] n .诡计年
provide with…提供试
题
rewarding[ ri w di ] adj .有益的
详
enrich[ in rit ] vt .丰富解
186
【难句点拨】
A well - trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained
dog .
这是一个复杂句 , 主句中连词 and 连接两个并列分句构成 , 在后面的分句中谓语用的是被动语态 , 状语
safely 和定语 great 都用的是比较级 , 比较从句由 that 引导 , 用的是省略形式。
26 .B 解析 : 选择项 A 只是一般工科学生的做法 , 选择项 D 只谈及了一方面 , C 项有一定的干扰度 , 但只是表
层。根据文章第二段 , 第三段 , 应选择 B 项。
27 .D 解析 : 文章第二段 3 行“I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by interacting with people who…”正是 D
项( 拓展视野 )的意思。
28 .D 解析 : 该题问 : 在作者眼里 , 一个成功或完美的工科学生应该如何 ? 最直接的提示应该在第三段第 2 行
“I was going to be a complete engineer : technical genius and sensitive humanist all in one .”所以答案当选 D。选择 A、
C
只分别涉及了其中的一方面 , 选择项 B 与问题无关 , 均应排除。
29 .C 解析 : 四选项的意思分别为 : A) 创造性的 ; B) 雄心勃勃的 ; C) 不切实际的 ; D) 非理性的。作者由雄心勃
第勃 , 与众不同 , 理想化的选择开始 , 发现现实中并不容易实现 , 并不成功。可见这种做法是不切实际的 , C 项正
二
部确。
分 30 .A 解析 : 该题实际上测试考生判断指代关系。文章第五段第 2 行、第 3 行的“they”都是指代前文的“ engi-
neering and the liberal arts”。
【参考译文】
人们一般都认为学工科的学生是现实和理性的榜样 , 但是在我上大学的时候 , 我实际上是一个傻瓜和理想
主义者。我在高中的时候 , 就一直想成为一个电气工程师 , 任何一个有我这样的理想而头脑又比较清醒的学
生 , 肯定会选择一所有一个大的工程系的大学 , 学校的名气要大 , 还要有很好的实验室和实验设备 , 而我却没有
这样做。
我选择在一所小的文科学校里读工程 , 这个学校甚至都没有设置电子工程这个专业 , 很明显这不是一个很
实际的选择。我之所以做出这样的选择 , 是因为我想接受更加全面的教育 , 能使我更具灵活性 , 能使我建立起
一种能指导我今后职业生涯的价值观。我希望能够通过和非理工科学生的交往来开阔眼界。开始的时候 , 我
的父母、老师 , 还有其他成年人都称赞我这是一个合理的选择 , 他们说我的想法很有智慧 , 很成熟 , 不像 18 岁的
人能有的想法 , 我也相信了他们的话。
怀着这种想法我去了大学 , 我确信自己比那些去了“工程科大工厂”的学生更有优势 , 因为在那里人们根本
就不关心你是否有灵活性或是价值观。我相信自己最后会成为一个真正意义上的完整的工程师 , 我将既是工
程方面的天才 , 又融汇了人文学的知识。
大
学现在我已经不这么确定了。就像所有崇高理想最后的结果一样 , 我的理想也被现实粉碎了。三年的学习
英中 , 我拼命努力协调文科课程和数学、物理、工程等课程 , 我也终于发现为什么很少有学工程的学生去选择兼顾
语
四工科和文科了。
级阻挠我通向成功之路的现实问题是 , 工科课程和文科课程并不像我在高中时想像的那样容易结合。文科
考和工科分开来 , 会给一个人的成长造成不同的影响 ; 但是如果把它们混在一起 , 就会把人弄得晕头转向。想要
试
把这两个领域结合起来是很困难的。
历【词语注释】
年 be supposed to 应该 , 被期望
试
题 practicality[pr ktik l ti ] n .实用性
详 rationality[ r n l ti ] n .合理性
解
sensible[ sensib l ] a .明智的 , 通情达理的
head off 绕道前行
187
flexible[ fleksib l] a .灵活的 , 可通融的

crash into 闯入 , 撞倒
block[ bl k] vt .妨碍 , 阻塞
academic [ k demik] a .学术的
individually[ indi vidju li ] adv .个别地
reconcile[ rek nsail] vt .使和谐
【难句点拨】
I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering“factories”
where they didn’t care if they had values or were flexible .
这是一个复杂句 , 其主句极其简单即“I headed off to college”形容词短语“sure…”在句子中充当主语补语 , 起
补充说明作用 , 而这个补语中有一个省略连词“that”的宾语从句 , 其中的谓语由复合结构组成 , 后面的宾语
“those students”接一个由关系代词 who 引导的定语从句 ; 在这个定语从句的宾语“factories”后又接一个由关系副
词 where 引导的表示地点的定语从句 , 并且其中内含一个由连接词 if 引导的宾语从句。第
31 .B 解析 : 依据为文章第一段第 2 行始“… , they built a ＄100 , 000 , three - bedroom home in California .Tightly 二
sealed to prevent air leaks , the house was equipped with small double - paned windows and several other energy - saving fea- 部
分
tures .”
32 .A 解析 : 依据为第二段第 1 行始“The level of formaldehyde gas in her kitchen was twice the maximum allowed by
federal standards for chemical workers .”
33 .C 解析 : 根据该词出现的上文“The indoor environment was dirty long before energy conservation came along , …”可
以判断该词应是“恶化 , 加剧 , 变得更糟”之意。
34 .B 解析 : 该题较简单。只要看清第四段第 1 行“Back in the days when energy was cheap , home builders didn’t
worry much about unsealed cracks .”就可选对答案。
35 .C 解析 : 文章主要谈及室内污染问题。当然最明显的提示为第三段第 1 行“The Ouchidas are victims of indoor
air pollution , …”。
【参考译文】
Ouchidas 一家的“节能型房屋”结果却变成了可怕的噩梦。几年前当她和工程师丈夫结婚的时候 , 他们在加
利福尼亚建造了一座价值 10 万元的、有三个卧室的房子。房子的密封非常好 , 为了防止透风透气 , 还使用了双
层玻璃的窗户和其他一些节约能源的措施。但是他们搬进去之后 , 问题就出现了 , Ouchidas 觉得眼睛很疼 , 喉咙
也总是很干 , 而且她还头痛和失眠 , 好像突然得了某种怪病。
专家终于发现了她病症的原因 , 她家厨房里的甲醛含量超过了联邦政府规定的最高标准的两倍。而甲醛大
的来源是什么地方呢 ? 它来自新的厨柜和墙壁的整体装修。学
Ouchidas 一家是室内空气污染的受害者 , 这一现象之所以没有得到足够的重视 , 其中的一部分原因是因为英
语
全国范围内的节能热情。马里兰州的一位污染研究专家说 “室内
: 空气污染问题并不是一个新问题 , 它在我们四
节约能源之前就开始存在了 , 不过节约能源使得这种情况加重了。” 级
考
这一问题在新建的房子里比在老房子里严重。在过去 , 当能源比较便宜的时候 , 建造房子的人根本不理会
试
透风的缝隙。正是因为这些缝隙 , 家里的空气经常可以被室外的新鲜空气交换 , 结果是家庭产生的空气污染无
法积累到危险的程度。历
年
【词语注释】
试
turn out 实际情况是 , 结果是题
as though 好像详
解
cabinet [ k binit ] n .柜子
wall - to - wall 整快地板铺满的
188
carpet[ ka pit ] n .地毯

geomet[ d i mit] n .几何学
crack[ kr k] n .裂纹 , 裂缝
build up 增大
trap[ tr p] n .圈套 , 陷阱
concern[ k n s n] n .关注 , 所关心的问题
【难句点拨】
The Ouchidas are victims of indoor air pollution , which is not given sufficient attention partly because of the nation’s
drive to save energy .
这是一个复杂句 , 由主句和非限制性定语从句所构成 , 从句中的关系代词 which 的先行词应指“ indoor air
pollution”这一词组 , 介词短语在从句中作状语 , 说明原因。
36 .D 解析 : 依据为文章开头第 1 句“In 1993 , New York state ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage contain-
ers .”意思为买饮料的顾客应该交付定金 , 返回空瓶交给商店时再领回。故 D 项正确。
第 37 .A 解析 : 依据为第一段第 4 行始“… ,much of it wound up buried in landfills .”
二
部 38 .B 解析 : 依据为第三段第 2 行始“A discard remains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second
分 life— and until economic arrangements exist to give that second life value .”
39 .D 解析 : 依据为第四段“Shrinking landfill space, and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing…recy-
cling is already the least expensive waste - management option .”
40 .C 解析 : 文章的主题通常出现在文章的开头或者结尾。该篇的主题在第四段最后四行。
【参考译文】
1993 年纽约州颁布规定 , 要求所有的商店必须对饮料容器收取押金。一年之内 , 消费者已经把成千上万的
铝罐、玻璃瓶和塑料瓶送回了商店。很多公司都愿意接受铝和玻璃作为新产品的原料 , 但是因为没有人能想出
处理塑料容器的办法 , 所以很多塑料被埋到了垃圾填埋场。这样的问题不止出现在纽约一个地方 , 它反映了二
手塑料的用途太少。
今天在美国 , 每五个塑料瓶中就有一个被回收利用。这是因为全国有很多公司都要购买这种废旧塑料瓶
来把它们加工成新的产品 , 比如篱笆墙的柱子和绘画的画笔。
纽约州的经验表明回收利用包含的内容不仅仅是分开有用的材料和垃圾。废品仍然是废品 , 直到有人为
它找到同度利用的用途和给予它价值的市场。如果没有合适的市场来吸收这些回收的材料的话 , 那么这些回
收的材料实际上还是跟垃圾没有任何两样的。
垃圾填埋场越来越少 , 填埋垃圾和焚烧垃圾的费用越来越高 , 这些都迫使地方政府更加关注废品回收利用
大
学的问题。在许多地方 , 尤其是在东海岸 , 回收利用已经成为花钱最少的一种处理垃圾的方式了。每回收利用一
英吨废物 , 拿纽约来说 , 就能节省 100 美元的垃圾处理费。另外 , 回收利用垃圾还能提供就业机会 , 刺激当地的经
语
四济。它还能够向工厂提供更精炼的原材料 , 从而降低工厂花在治理污染和消费能源上的费用。
级【词语注释】
考 aluminum[ lu min m] n .铝
试
discard[ di ska d] v .丢弃 , 废弃 [ diska d] n .废品
历 figure out 解决
年 shrink[ ri k] v .收缩
试
题 disposal[ di sp uz( ) l ] n .处理 , 安排
详 trim[ trim] vt .整理
解
refined[ ri faind] a .精制的 , 提炼的
amount to 总计
189
throwaway[ thr u wei ] n .废弃物

stimulate [ stimjuleit ] v .刺激
【难句点拨】
The reason for the change is that now there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bot-
tles and turning them into fence posts, paint brushes , etc .
这是一个复杂句 , 表语是由连接词 that 引导的从句充当 , 表示原因 , 其中的“buying…”和“ turning… into…”为
现在分词短语作定语 , 修饰前面的“companies”, 代词“them”指前文中的“bottles”。
41 .D 译文 : 接待员必须确信旅客登记正确 , 这一点很重要。解析 : 在”It is important that…”结构中 , that 从句中

should 可省略。此类考题已出现许多次 , 和 important 同类的形容词有许多 , 可参阅往年考题解析。
42 .A 译文 : 我坚持要求他适应新环境。解析 : 四选项的意思分别 : A)“ 适应 ; 改编”; B)“ 采纳 ; 收养”; C)“ 管理 , 第
二
控制 ; 调整 , 调节”; D)“ 适合”。“ adapt oneself to”构成动词短语。部
〗43 .B 译文 : 我永远难忘我们的初次见面。解析 : 考生只要能分辨“forget to do sth .”( 忘记去做某事 ) 和“forget 分
doing sth .”( 忘记了做过的事 )即可选择正确。
44 .B 译文 : 航班的取消迫使许多乘客在机场过夜。解析 : 四选项的意思分别为 : A)“ 致使 , 结果是”; B)“ 迫使”;
C)“ 要求”; D)“推荐”。
45 .C 译文 : 那个年轻人仍然否认是他在商店后面纵火。解析 : deny 要求后跟动名词作宾语。此类动词有许
多 , 可参阅往年真题解析。
46 .A 译文 : 因在最近的科学竞赛中被评为最佳 , 三个学生获得了金额为＄21 , 000 的奖学金。解析 : 根据前后
主语一致原则 , 可去掉 B、D 两项。C 项动词不定式表示目的 , 也错。故 A 为正确。
47 .B 译文 : 如果没有接受过恰当指导 , 你在弹钢琴时可能会染上许多不良习惯。解析 : 四选项的意思分别为 :
A)“ 保持 ; 坚持 , 维持 ; 使某物不落下 ; 使某物处于高水平”; B)“ 通过实践学会 ; 染上 ; 买到某物 ; 听到( 闲话 )等 ; 取
或收集某物”; C)“使 ( 车辆等) 停下来”;D)“赶上某人 ; 达到与某人相同的境界”。
48 .B 译文 : 我们的饮食中包含了某种盐分 , 因而自然来源能够满足我们身体的需求而不必求助于盐罐。解
析 : 四选项的意思分别为 : A) turn up“ 露面”; C) turn on“打开”; B) turn to“ 求助于 , 转向… 求助”; D) turn over“翻车 ,
翻转”。
49 .A 译文 : 他尽管不得不时常打短工 , 但学业一贯很好。解析 : 四选项的意思分别为 : A)“ 尽管”; B)“不考虑 ,
大
不顾”; C)“ 因为 , 由于”; D)“如果发生… , 万一…”。学
50 .C 译文 : 尽管允许从家庭、社会或政府获取经济资助 , 但人们并不欣赏这样做。解析 : 由 Although 连接构成英
语
让步状语从句。
四
51 .D 译文 : 文章中所有关键词语均用黑体字印刷 , 以引起读者注意。解析 : 四选项的基本意思分别为 : A)“ 黑级
暗的 , 深色的”; B)“ 密度大的”; C)“黑色的”;D)“ 大胆的 ; 醒目的 , 粗大的”。考
试
52 .C 译文 : 交际过程的基本特征可以归结为一个问题 : 谁说了什么 , 通过何种途径 , 对象是谁 ? 解析 : 根据用
法 , 排 A、
B 项 , 由于 D 项 such 不合句中意思 , 故选 C。历
年
53 .C 译文 : 我本无意打的 , 但因为迟了 , 所以不得不这样做。解析 : 动词 mean 的用法有 2 种 : mean to do sth“ 有
试
意想做某事”;mean + 名词或动名词 “意为…
, , 表示”。题
54 .D 译文 : 孩子与电视中的人是单向关系 , 所以他们看电视的时间毫无疑问会影响他们与实际生活中人们的详
解
关系。解析 : 因定语从句中动词 spend 为及物动词 , 所以选择关系代词 that。
55 .A 译文 : 我更愿意独处一室 , 不论房间多小 , 也不愿意和他人合住。解析 : 根据“ I’d rather have”应选择
190
“share”构成平行结构。
56 .C 译文 :Disneyland 每年大约有 800 , 000 株植物需要更换 , 因为 Disney 不愿张贴标记 , 要求他的“客人”不要
踩植物。解析 : 四选项的意思分别为 :A)“ 着落 ; 把某物放下 ; 储藏 ; 记下 ; 禁止 , 压制或废除某事物”; B)“熄灭 , 关
(灯 ) ; 出版 , 发布 ; 伸出 ; 生产”; C)“搭起 , 建造 ; 张贴 ; 提高 (价格等 ) ; 投宿”;D)“推迟 ; 阻止 , 劝阻”。
57 .B 译文 : 不论遇到什么困难 , 我们都会互相帮助 , 加以克服。解析 : A、
D 两项无法和 difficulties 搭配 ; C 项为
疑问副词 , 应排除 ; 而 B 项为疑问代词 , 正确。
58 .D 译文 : 许多董事没有到场 , 所以董事会不得不延期举行。解析 : 句中“Many directors”和“being absent”构成
分词独立结构。
59 .B 译文 : 新年除夕 , 纽约市都要举行一个吸引一百万甚至更多市民的室外盛会。解析 : 四选项的意思分别
为 : A)“ 事件”; B)“ 事件 , 大事 ; 活动”; C)“ 场合 ; 案件 ; 情况”;D)“事务 , 事情 ; 事件”。
60 .D 译文 : 通过电视传输 , 美式足球和棒球正被英国公众熟知。解析 : 四选项的意思分别 : A)“ 转变 , 调派 ; 转
换”; B)“ 送货 , 发表”; C)“ 运输”;D)“传递 , 发射”。
61 .B 译文 : 只要让他采取自己的方式 , 他肯定能够准时完成工作。
第
二解析 : 四选项的意思分别为 : A)“因为”; B)“只要”; C)“万一 , 唯恐”;D)“ 就…而言”。
部 62 .D 译文 : 如果这种鱼越来越少 , 那么我们的后代就可能永远也品尝不到。解析 : 四选项的意思分别为 : A)
分 “最小的”; B)“ 短的”; C)“ 很少”;D)“变得稀少”。
63 .C 译文 : 据当地报纸报道 , 这家银行昨天光天化日下被抢劫。解析 : 动词不定式后跟完成式表示发生在过

去的事情。
64 .C 译文 : 农业在人类进步中是一大飞跃 , 随后发生的任何事件都无法与之相比 , 直至出现机器时代。解析 :
句中 comparable 和 to 构成形容词短语习惯搭配。
65 .B 译文 : 相同的因素使得工资和物价一起上涨 , 彼此影响。解析 : 四选项的意思分别为 : A)“ 强调 , 着重 ; 加
强…的语气”; B)“增强 , 加强 , 增授”; C)“ (使 )增加 ; ( 使 )繁殖 ; 乘”;D)“ 增加 , 增强”。
66 .A 译文 : 没人告诉 Smith 第二天有演讲。解析 : 句中 about 为介词 , 后需跟动名词 , there is 就演变成 there be-
ing , 故 A 正确。
67 .A 译文 : 手术曾经使病人极度疲惫 , 需要很长的恢复期 , 而现在则让他们感到轻松。解析 : 四选项的意思分
别为 :A)“ 极度疲劳 , 耗尽的”; B)“ 被废弃的 , 被抛弃的”; C)“受伤的”;D)“ 被抛弃的 , 无人光顾的”。
68 .A 译文 : 在我回母亲居住的农舍途中 ,Susan 赶上了我。解析 : 该用法在四级考试中已出现数次 , 考生应注
意。
69 .D 译文 : 气温下降如此迅猛 , 我们已无法继续进行实验。解析 : 若表示原因 , A、
C 项都必须跟从句 ; 又由于
大 D 项 with 不但表原因 , 还有“伴随着……”的意思 , 故选 D。
学
英 70 .C 译文 : 这张床在我们家代代相传。最初是由我曾祖母所用。解析 : 四选项的意思分别 : A)“ 分发 ; 散发”;
语 B)“交出 , 移交”; C)“把…传下去”, 如 “The
: custom has been handed down from generation to generation .”(这个习俗一
四代又一代地传了下来 ) ; D)不存在此短语。
级
考
试
Part Ⅳ Cloze
历
年 71 .A 解析 : 根据句意 , 当选 involving(涉及、包括 ) 其他诸项意思不适合。
试
题 72 .B 解析 : 此处意思应为“来自于至少 21 所大学”故选 least , 构成 at least 固定介词短语。
详 73 .D 解析 : 根据空格后 direct 一词应选择 frank 构成并列表语。
解 74 .C 解析 : comments 后跟介词 on 构成固定搭配。
75 .A 解析 : 根据句中主语 course word , 当选 presented 与之构成合理的主谓结构。
191
76 .C 解析 : make remarks 为合理搭配。

77 .D 解析 :The fact 与后面的 that 从句形成同位语从句。
78 .B 解析 : 此处应为“谈及”之意 , 选择 about 正确。
79 .B 解析 : 根据下文 , 此处应选择连词 as, 表示“正如 , 诚如 , 就像”。
80 .A 解析 : 根据文中意思 , 学生对课堂上的 things - as - they - are 应该是非常不满 , 所以选择 dissatisfied .
81 .C 解析 : 既然上文提到了学生的不满 , 所以老师就不应该照本宣科。C 恰当。
82 .A 解析 : 根据上文的 reading 和下文的 read 可断定 voices 正确。
83 .D 解析 : give out 构成合理搭配 , 意为“分发 , 散发”。
84 .B 解析 : 此处应选 wouldn’t 与上文构成混合虚拟语气。
85 .D 解析 : 根据空格后 repeating 提示 , 再根据上文意思 , avoid 正确。
86 .A 解析 : 根据句意 , 此处应选择连词 once , 表示“一旦”。
87 .C 解析 :A、B、D 诸项无法代入空格。根据下文“or hear it elaborated on”可断定 C 正确。
88 .B 解析 : 上文已多次提及学生不愿意教授们重复他们手中已有的讲义内容 , 所以 not 恰当。第
89 .C 解析 : 上文“A lot of students hate to buy a . . .”暗示了对 C 项的选择。二
部
90 .D 解析 : 此处 only 强调后面的目的。分
Part Ⅴ Writing
How to Succeed in a Job Interview ?

范文 1 :
The function of a job interview is two - fold : first , to give the interviewer an opportunity to meet and select the best candi-
date for a job , and second , to give the person being interviewed an opportunity to get important information about the place of
employment .
First impressions are lasting impressions , so in order to have a successful interview, one should arrive early .This would
give you an opportunity to relax and get you thoughts together about possible questions the interviewer might ask .
It is important to be well - groomed in proper business attire ,with your hair neatly styled .Be sure to have a complete re-
sume with all pertinent (有关的 , 中肯的 ) information typed on a good paper stock , and this shows a commitment to excellent
on your part .
大
Greet the interviewer with a firm handshake .Answer all questions with honesty and self - confidence .Avoid asking a lot 学
of questions, but if there is anything that you need to know, be sure to ask before the interview is concluded . 英
语
四
How to Succeed in a Job Interview 级
范文 2 : 考
试
Nowadays, in an ever tighter jobmarket , great importance has been attached to an interview by both the employer and the
applicant .The interview, so to speak , has become indispensable for getting a satisfactory job .On the one hand , the interviewer 历
年
can take advantage of the occasion to learn about the candidates, such as their work experience, education and their personali-
试
ties ,so as to pick out the right candidates for the company .On the other hand , the interviewee can make use of the opportunity 题
to get to know the job he is going to take up , the credibility of the firm to which he has applied , and the working conditions as 详
解
well .
Essential as it is, the job interview is far from being fearful .Well begun is half done .Excellent performance in it will en-
192
able the would - be - employee to secure the job .But how can one succeed in it ?
First of all, the interviewee has to pay attention to his or her appearance .Though we can never judge a person by his ap-
pearance, the first impression is always where we start .Secondly , good manners are equally important .The interviewee has to be
neither too proud nor too timid .Just be courteous .Thirdly , the interviewee must demonstrate his aptitude and skills for the job
and knowledge about the job - related areas; he must express himself clearly and confidently .Last but not the least , the inter-
viewee ought to be honest about his or her personal as well as academic background , for honesty is the best policy .
To sum up , the job interview is indeed important .There is no need to be nervous, however , if the interviewee has made
full preparations for it and given a fairly confident and honest performance , his or her success can be ensured .
第
二
部
分
大
学
英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
193
Section A
1 .W : I heard you got full marks in the math exam .Congratulations !
M: Thanks .I’m sure you also did a good job .
Q: What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers ?
2 .W :Hi , Tony .How did your experiment go yesterday ?
M: Well , it wasn’t as easy as I had thought .I have to continue doing it tonight .
3 .M: I hear you are moving into a new apartment soon . 第
W :Yes .That is more expensive .My present neighbour plays the piano all night long . 二
Q: Why is the woman moving ? 部
分
4 .W :Mr .Jones, your student Bill shows great enthusiasm for musical instruments .
M: I only wish he showed half as much for his English lessons .
Q: What do we learn form the conversation about Bill ?
5 .W :Oh , dear ! I’m starving .I can’t walk any farther .
M: Let’s go to the restaurant across the street and get something to eat .
Q: Where are the two people ?
6 .W :Why didn’t you make an appointment to see the doctor last week when you first twisted your ankle ?
M: The injury didn’t seem serious then .I decided to go today because my foot still hurts when I put my weight on it .
Q: Why didn’t the man see the doctor earlier ?
7 .M: I wonder if Sue will be here by five o’clock .
W :Her huband said she left home at half past four .She should be here at ten after five and a quarter past five at the latest .
Q: What time did Sue leave home ?
8 .W :When will you be through with your work , John ?
M: Who knows ? My boss usually finds something for me to do at the last minute .
Q: What do we learn from the conversation ? 大
9 .W : I don’t know what I am going to wear to the party .All of my clothes look so old .And I can’t afford something new . 学
M: Why don’t you wear your black silk dress ? 英
语
Q: What is the woman going to do ? 四
10 .M: How did you like yesterday’
s play ? 级
考
W: Generally speaking , it was quite good .The part of the secretary was played wonderfully .But I think the man who played
试
the boss was too dramatic to be realistic .
Q: How does the woman feel about the man’s acting in the play ? 历
年
Section B
试
Compound Dictation 题
If you are a young college student ,most of your concerns about your health and happiness in life are probably focused on 详
解
the present .Basically , you want to feel good physically , mentally , and emotionally now .You probably don’t spend much time
worrying about the distant future , such as whether you will develop heart disease , or cancer , how you will take care of yourself
194
in your retirement years, of how long you are going to live .Such thoughts may have crossed your mind once in a while .Howev-
er , if you are in your thirties, forties, fifties , or older , such health related thoughts are likely to become increasingly important to
you .
Regardless of your age , you can make a number of important changes in your current life - style that will help you feel
better physically and mentally .Recently researchers have found that, even in late adulthood , exercise , strength training with
weights , and better food can help elderly individuals significantly improve their health and add happiness to their life .We know
much about preventative health today than our parents and grandparents did in the past , giving us the opportunity to avoid some
of the health problems that have troubled them .And this new knowledge can be transmitted to our children to help them be-
come healthier than our generation .
1 .D 2 .D 3 .C 4 .D 5 .B
6 .C 7 .C 8 .C 9 .C 10 .A
S1 : focused S2 : emotionally S3 : distant S4 : cancer S5 : retirement
S6 : crossed S7 : increasingly
第
二 S8 : Regardless of your age, you can make a number of important changes in your current life - style
部 S9 :We know much about preventative health today than our parents and grandparents did in the past ,
分 S10 :And this new knowledge can be transmitted to our children to help them become healthier than our generation .
11 .D 解析 : 该题问“居住在英格兰南海岸居民面临问题的真正起因是什么”, 根据文章第一段第 2 行起“ The

sea had eaten into the soft limestone cliffs on which they had been built . . . .sliding down the cliff and into the sea .”可以断
定 D 项正确。而 A 项是问题本身 , 并不是原因。
12 .B 解析 : 解答该题的依据在第二段 , 尤其是第 1 行起“but it has become more serious in recent years .Dozens of
homes have had to be abandoned . . .”。四选项中最具干扰度的是 A 项 , 但文章中只是说“sea has crept farther and far-
ther inland”, 无法推断出 A 选项中的 soon 和 central 两词。
13 .D 解析 : 该题干出现在第二段。根据最后一句“ Experts have studied the areas most affected . . ., forecasting the
year in which their homes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea .”可断定 D 项正确。A、B、
C 诸项均未提及 , 也不可
能 , 均应排除。
14 .A 解析 : 该问题的相关信息出现在第三段。依据为第 2 行始“New sea walls would cost hundreds of millions of
大
学 pounds and . . ., shifting the problem from one area to another .”
英 15 .A 解析 : 依据为文章倒数第 3 行起“Meanwhile, if you want to buy a cheap house with an uncertain future , . . .You
语 can get a house for a knockdown price but it may turn out to be a knockdown home .”
四
考居住在英格兰南部海岸部分地区的居民正面临着一个严重的问题。1993 年 , 一家大型旅馆和几处房屋的
试
主人吃惊地发现他们的花园在一夜之间消失了。海洋侵蚀掉了这些花园下面的柔软的石灰石岩壁 , 正当专家
历们研究这一问题时 , 这些旅馆和房屋也一同消失了 , 它们顺着崖壁滑入了大海。英格兰南部海岸的石灰石岩壁
年被侵蚀是一个一直都存在的问题 , 但近年来发展地更为严重了。随着海洋一步步地侵入内地 , 许多家园不得不
试
题被放弃。专家研究了受此影响最大的地区 , 并画出一幅地图 , 向当地人预测他们的家园将在哪一年被大海吞
详噬。愤怒的人们向政府呼吁 , 希望能筑高防海墙来保卫他们的家园。而政府的调查人员指出这是不太可能的 ,
解因为修筑新的防海墙将要花费几亿英镑 , 而且只会使海浪沿着海岸侵入更远的内陆 , 使问题从一个地方转移到
另一个地方。专家说 , 这种危险可能一直会继续 , 直到海浪碰到了由坚硬的岩石构成的内陆 , 它们不会像石灰
195
石那样容易侵蚀。同时 , 如果你想买一栋便宜、但未来不明的房子 , 你可以打听一下英格兰南部海岸受到海洋

威胁的地区的房屋中介公司 , 你可以用极低的价格买到一栋房子 , 但是这房子有可能是朝不保夕的。
【词语注释】
abandon[ b nd n] vt .离弃 ; 丢弃 ; 遗弃 ; 抛弃 ; 放弃
knockdown[ n k daun] a .(指价格 )低廉的 ; ( 指家具) 易于拆装的
【难句点拨】
Experts have studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a map for local people , forecasting the year in which their
homes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea .
该句的主要结构应该是 “Experts
: have studied… and have drawn up… , forecasting…”“
, forecasting the year”为一
般现在分词短语 , 作补充说明 “
, the year”后接一定语从句。
16 .C 解析 : 该题属于倒着考。根据文章第一段第 3 句“Stress can be physical , emotional, or psychological , and re-
search has indicated that it can lead to burnout .”可以看出 stress 导致 burnout , 那么防止 burnout 的有效方法应该是减
少 stress , 故 C 项正确。第
17 .D 解析 : 依据为第二段第 2、3 句“The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place .Young athletes 二
can , for example, learn how to cooperate with others , make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their 部
分
lives .”
18 .A 解析 : 依据为第二段第 4 行起“ . . .that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children .Youngsters
may take their parents’and coaches’criticisms to heart and find a flaw in themselves .”
19 .B 解析 : 依据为第三段第 2 行起“The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning
the sport and other life lessons, . . .instead of enjoying themselves and the sport .”
20 .B 解析 : 最主要的提示出现在文章倒数第 2 句“Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a
greater effect on learning than criticism .”
【参考译文】
体育运动不仅是对体力的考验 , 而且也是对心理素质的考验。来自教练、家长和其他队员的批评 , 以及获
胜的压力 , 会给年轻的运动员造成极大的负担和压力。这种压力不仅是体力上的 , 也是情感上和心理上的 , 研
究表明它会导致情感枯竭。情感枯竭是指最终退出或停止以前自己曾经非常喜欢的一项活动。自我发展的最
初几年是认识自己的关键时刻 , 而在体育运动中 , 人们开始获得宝贵的经验。比如说 , 年轻的运动员能够学习
如何和别人配合、结交朋友、学习其他能够终身受益的社交技能。教练和家长必须始终意识到 , 他们的反馈会
对年轻人产生很大的影响。年轻人会把家长和教练的话记在心里 , 去发现自己的错误。教练和家长还必须清
楚 , 年轻人参加体育运动并不意味着体育就成为了他们的工作 , 比赛只不过就是学习体育和生活的过程。而现大
在的体育运动中 , 年轻运动员过多地关心谁会赢得比赛 , 而不是享受体育带来的乐趣。许多家长和教练过分关学
注比赛的结果 , 挑剔年轻人的表现。不论结果如何 , 都应该给年轻人积极的鼓励 , 研究表明 , 积极的鼓励比批评英
语
更能激发年轻人去学习 , 效果也更好。再次重申 , 批评会造成孩子高度紧张 , 从而导致情感枯竭。四
【词语注释】级
考
feedback[ fi db k] n .反馈 , 反馈信息
试
reinforcement [ ri in f sm nt] n .加固 , 加强 ; 增援
【难句点拨】历
年
In today’s youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the
试
sport . 题
介词短语“in…”作地点状语 , 主句中介词 about 后又接由 who 引导的宾语从句。详
解
21 .C 解析 :A 项具有一定的干扰度。但第二段开头“But that doesn’t have to be the outcome .”明确否定了人口增
长是引发水危机的真正原因。依据第二段第 1 行起“ if we start valuing water more than we have in the past…we can
196
no longer afford to consider water a virtually free resource of which we can use as much as we like and in any way we want .”
可以断定 C 项才是引发水危机的真正原因。
22 .D 解析 : 依据为文章第 1 行起“Yet occurrences of shortage and droughts are causing famine and distress in some ar-
eas, and industrial and agricultural by - products are polluting water supplies .”
23 .A 解析 : 该题比较简单。只需看到第三段中“ . . ., governments should price water to reflect its actual value .”
即可选对。
24 .D 解析 : 依据为第四段第 2 行起“ . . ., often the cheapest way to provide irrigation water in the dry tropics is through
small - scale projects .”
25 .A 解析 : 依据为最后一段“ . . .they must change their institutional and legal approaches to water use . . .countries
should set up central authorities to coordinate water policy .”
【参考译文】
人类使用的水所占不到地球上总水源的一半。由于水源短缺和干旱造成一些地区出现饥荒和穷困 , 而工
业和农业的副产品正在污染水资源。在未来的 50 年里 , 世界人口将再翻一番 , 因此许多专家认为我们人类处
于一次世界范围的水资源危机的边缘。但是结果有可能并非如此。如果我们现在就开始更加珍惜水 , 那水资
第源短缺将有可能不必困扰整个世界。就像 70 年代的石油危机之后 , 人们更清楚地意识到汽油的重要性。今天
二
部我们必须开始从一个崭新的经济学的角度来看待水资源。我们已经无法容许把水看成是一种免费的资源 , 可
分以想用多少就用多少。相反 , 除了贫困家庭的需要用水之外 , 政府应该提高水的价值 , 来反映它的实际价值。
这意味着不仅要对供水服务收费 , 更要为水本身的价值收费。政府的供水服务应该更经济 , 对环境有利 , 以此
来保护水资源。比如说 , 在热带的干旱地区 , 提供灌溉用水最便宜的方式是小规模作业 , 例如在地上收集雨水 ,
再把雨水泵到附近的农田里。不论政府采取什么样的措施来更有效地进行供水 , 他们必须从度和法规上改变
对水的使用的看法。国家应该建立统一的中央权威机构来协调与水有关的政策 , 而不是把权利分散到成百上
千的地方机构中 , 让它们管理用水的方方面面。
【词语注释】
by - product[ baipr d kt] n .副产品 ; 连带的结果 ; 副作用
value [ v lju ] n .价值 ; 有用性 , 重要性 ; 价值观念 , 行为准则 vt .尊重 , 重视 ; 评价 , 给……估价
perspective[ p spektiv] n .视角 , 观点 , 想法 ; 远景 , 景观 ; 透视画法 , 透视图
coordinate [ k u dineit ] vt .调节 , 协调 n .坐标 a .同等的 , 并列的
【难句点拨】
We can no longer afford to consider water a virtually free resource of which we can use as much as we like and in any
way we want .
大情态动词 can 后接复合谓语“afford to consider…”

“a virtually free resource”作 water 的宾语补足语 ,which 引导的
学定语从句中 ,which 指代 resource。后面又接 as much as 引导的比较状语从句 , 从句中又加了一个方式状语从句。
英 26 .B 解析 : 该题问题出现在第一段第 4 行 “people
, became attached to one brand”后面的“ sales leveled off”即是答
语
四案。也可以从括号内的产品发展顺序判断出该词义 (成熟稳定期 )。
级 27 .A 解析 : 依据为文章第一段第 2 行起“ . . .it took several years to gain general acceptance .”文章并未提及新老产
考品的质量比较 , B 错。C、
D 项也未涉及。
试
28 .B 解析 : 依据为文章第二段第 1 句“The importance of the product life cycle to marketers is this: Different stages in
历 the product life cycle call for different strategies .”
年
29 .C 解析 : 依据为文章第二段第 3 行起“It means that marketing managers look for new users and market sections .Did
试
题 you know, for example, that the backpacks that so many students carry today were originally designed for the military ?”
详 30 .A 解析 : 依据为文章第四段第 3 句“American auto manufacturers are using quality improvement as one way to recap-
解
ture world markets .”
197
【参考译文】
我们可以通过速溶咖啡的例子来看一下产品的生命周期是怎样的。速溶咖啡刚刚进入市场时 , 大多数人
还是比较喜欢普通咖啡 (非速溶咖啡 ) , 它花了几年的时间才赢得大众的接受 ( 这是它的引入期 ) 。然而 , 在某一
个阶段 , 速溶咖啡的受欢迎程序迅速提升 , 又产生了许多不同的品牌 ( 这是它的快速增长期 )。过了一段时间之
后 , 人们对某种品牌固定下来 , 这时销量也变得稳定了 ( 这是它的成熟期 )。当冷冻的干燥咖啡出现后 , 速溶咖
啡的销售开始出现轻微衰退( 这是它的衰退期 ) 。产品生命周期对销售人员有着非常重要的意义 : 在产品生命
周期的不同阶段需要不同的营销策略 , 目的是延长产品的生命 , 保证销售和利润不出现下滑。一种策略叫做市
场修正 , 意思是销售管理人员要去寻找新的用户和开拓新的市场。例如 , 你是否知道 , 现在很多学生背的背包
最初是为军人设计的 ? 市场修正还意味着进一步开发现有客户的消费量 , 或者去开拓另一个全新的市场 , 例如
老年市场。销售人员可以重新定位产品来吸引新的市场。另一种市场拓展策略叫做产品修正 , 它要求修改产
品的质量、特色、款式来吸引新的用户或进一步开发现有用户。美国的汽车制造商把提高产品质量作为夺回世
界市场的一个方法。同时 , 注意一下 , 美国的产品制造商过去是如何年复一年地改变产品的款式来防止需求下
滑。第
【词语注释】二
部
popularity[ p pju l riti ] n .受大众喜爱或赞赏的性质或状态 ; 普及 ; 流行 ; 通俗性 ; 声望分
strategy[ str tid i ] n .战略 (学 ) ; 策略 , 谋略 ; 对策
modification[ m difi kei n] n .修改 ; 缓和 ; 改善 ; 修饰
dramatically[ dr m tik li ] adv .戏剧性地 , 给人以深刻印象地
【难句点拨】
Did you know, for example , that the backpacks that so many students carry today were originally designed for the military ?
整个句子是一个一般疑问句。第一个 that 引导的句子一直至句子结束都是 know 的宾语从句 , 第二个 that
是一个关系代词 , 引导一个定语从句 , that 指代 backpacks。
31 .D 译文 : 当他到达北京时 , 我们已经在这里逗留两天了。解析 : 根据句子中表示时间状语的“by the time he

arrives in Beijing”, 可断定主句中应选用将来完成时态。
32 .C 译文 : 美国联邦政府统计表明 : 夏威夷居民人均寿命最长 , 为 77 .2 岁。解析 : 四选项的含义分别为 : A)
“范围 ; ( 发挥才能等 ) 余地 ; 机会 ; 视界”; B)“ 排 , 横列 ; 社会阶层 , 军阶 ; 地位 , 身份”; C)“ 指距 ; 全长 ; 一段时间”,
大
如 : lengthen the machines life 延长机器的使用寿命 ; D)“刻度 ; 比例 ; 等级 ; 规模”。学
33 .C 译文 : 如果手工完成 , 这数百万个计算到完毕时将失去其全部实际价值。解析 : 该题属前后虚拟一致 , 即英
语
虚拟的时间相同。根据从句中的形式 , 主句该选用“would have done”。
四
34 .D 译文 : 作为一个公共关系官员 , 据说 , 他认识一些极有影响的人物。解析 : A 项为现在完成进行时 , 表示级
发生在过去的动作 , 一直延续到现在 , 并且还将进行下去 , 如 : I have been teaching English language for 16 years .(隐考
试
含将继续教下去 ) ; It has been raining for 5 days .(隐含雨还没有停 , 还将继续下) ; B 项为进行时态 , 动词 know 很少
有进行时态 ; C 项有一定的干扰 , 根据语法 , 动词不定式后接完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作发生之前 , 历
年
或发生在过去的动作 , 该句并未强调这一点 , 所以 C 项也不对 ; 如代入 D 项 , 原句类似于 : People say he knows
试
some very influential people .表示一般性的陈述 , 可以成立。所以正确答案为 D。题
35 .D 译文 : 我们的希望在同一瞬间升起而又退落。解析 : 四选项的意思分别为 : A) arouse“ 唤醒 ; 激起 , 唤起”; 详
解
B) arise“起来 ; 出现 , 呈现 ; 由…而产生( from)”; C) raise“ 举起 ; 建起 ; 提高 ; 提出 ; 筹 ( 款) ; 征 (兵 ) ”; D) rise“ 起立 ; 升
起 , 上升 ; 上涨 ; 高起”。
198
36 .C 译文 : 借助科技 , 人类可以让各种花卉提前绽放。解析 : flowers 和 bloom 之间属主动关系 , A、D 项不对。

make 后的动词不定式 to 省略 , 故 C 正确。
37 .C 译文 : 季票持有者有权在规定期间内随意旅行。解析 : 四选项意思分别为 : A)“ 同意 ; 授予 ; 转让 ; 假定”;
B)“ 允诺 , 答应 ; 给人以…指望”; C)“ 有权做某事 ; 有权享受…”;D)“介绍 , 引见 ; 赠送 , 给予 ; 呈递 ; 描述”。
38 .D 译文 : 办事处曾有人出了差错给顾客造成不便 , 公司为此感到抱歉。解析 : 该句结构是由 and 连接的两
个简单句 , 句中发生的事件指某一特定事件 , 故用 someone。
39 .D 译文 : 最近几年特别注重培养学生的生产技能。解析 : put over“放在 …之上 ; 使转向”; put in“ 花费 ; 付出
(时间 , 精力等 )”, 如 : Thank you for all the hard work you’ve put in .谢谢你为此所付出的一切努力 ; put on“穿上 ; 上
演 ; 增加 ; 强调”; put onto“ 帮助…会晤…”“
, 向…提供…信息”。
40 .C 译文 : 大学只允许周围的部分房东接纳学生。解析 : 四选词的意思分别为 : A) resident“居民”; B) inhabitant
“居民 , 住户 , 常住居民”; C) lodgers
“寄宿者 , 房客”; D) settlers
“移居者 , 开拓者”。
41 .B 译文 : 大火终于被控制住了 , 但大范围的损害已经造成。解析 : 句中的 but 暗指在大火被控制之前损失已
造成。故选择 before 符合题意。
第 42 .A 译文 : 对于公司来说 , 购买新的生产线将是赚钱的买卖。解析 : 四选项的意思分别为 :A)“有利润的 ; 赢利
二
部的”; B)“ 巨大的”; C)“ 强有力的”;D)“ 最喜受的”。
分 43 .C 译文 : 罗德决定要搞到一张音乐会门票 , 哪怕是通宵排队。解析 : A) provided 等于 if ; D) as if“好像”, 不符
合题意 ; C) even “即使”
if “哪怕”
, , 正确 ; B) whatever“无论什么”, 不合题意。
44 .D 译文 : 尽管二十年未见面 , 我还是一眼就认出了她。解析 : 分析句子可断定 but 后面是一主从复合句 , 空
格后跟一时间状语从句 , 所以选项 D 正确。类似的连词还有 the minute , the instant , as soon as 等。
45 .B 译文 : 他在美国出生和长大 , 但还是能够讲一口流利的汉语。解析 : 四选项的意思分别为 : A)“光滑的 ; 平
坦的 ; 平衡 ; ( 文章等 ) 流畅的”; B)“ 流利的”; C)“ 流动的 ; 流体的 ; 不固定的 ; 易变的 ; 流畅的 ”; D)“ 流动的 ; 通顺
的”。
46 .A 译文 : 处理政府报告 , 考试作文 , 合法文件以及多数商务信件都得使用正规语言。解析 : 句中关系代词
which 前的介词应根据 situation 来搭配 , 所以 in which 正确。
47 .C 译文 : 五十年前 , 富人好打猎多为娱乐 , 而非观光。解析 : 根据句中 hunting 可排除 A、
B 两项。D)other than
“除了”, 意思不符 , 也应排除。
48 .A 译文 : 该建筑工程预计月底完工 , 如果拖延 , 建筑公司将被罚款。解析 : 该句中表示条件状语的从句主、
谓语均齐全。所以 B 项应先排除。C、
D 两项不符句中时间要求 , 也应排除。唯 A 项正确 , 表示将来发生的动
作。
49 .B 译文 : 他写了一篇批评一位希腊诗人的文章 , 由此赢得了名声和一分奖学金。解析 : 四选项的含义分别
大
学为 :A) status
“地位 ; 身份”; B)fame“名声 ; 名望”; C) faith“信念 , 信仰 ; 信义 ; 忠诚”; D) courage
“勇气”。
英 50 .A 译文 : 杰克真希望念大学时学的是商业而不是历史。解析 : 涉及虚拟语气的题目 , 考生必须判断题目中
语
四的虚拟是对现在、将来、还是对过去的虚拟 , 以选择不同的形式。该题显然是对过去的虚拟 , 故 A 项正确。
级 51 .D 译文 : 除添了一二座加油站以外 , 那些古老的新英格兰村庄在数十年中几乎没有什么变化。解析 : 四选
考项中最具干扰的是 A、
B 两项。 except 是用于句子中前后两项属同类事物 , 而 except for 指前后属不同类事物 , 显
试
然 D 项正确。
历 52 .B 译文 : 汽车俱乐部无法保证满足全体会员的要求。解析 : 四选项的词义及用法分别为 : A) ensure“保证 , 担
年保 ; 保护”, 如 : We can ensure that the work shall be done in the right way .我们保证将妥善完成工作。B) guarantee“ 保
试
题证 , 担保”, 该词可用作 guarantee to do sth , 故为正确答案。C) assume“ 假定 , 设想 ; 承担 , 接受 ; 采取”。D) confirm
详 “使 (权力 ) 更巩固 ; 使更坚定 ; 使有效 ; 进一步证实 , 坚持说”。
解
53 .B 译文 : 电视的广泛报道激起了人们对各种体育活动的兴趣。解析 : 四选项的含义分别为 : A) gather“使聚
集 ; 收集 ; 渐增 ; 恢复 ; 推测”; B) generate
“生殖 ; 产生 ; 引起 , 导致”; C) assemble“集合 ; 调集 ; 装配”;D )yield“生产 ; 产
199
生 ; 给予 ; 同意”。
54 .A 译文 : 董事长承诺让全体董事会成员了解谈判的进展情况。解析 : keep sb .informed of sth .可看成习惯用
法 , 意为“让某人处于了解…状态”。
55 .A 译文 : 食用太多脂肪会导致心脏病和高血压。解析 : 四选项的含义分别为 : A) contribute to“ 起… 作用 , 有
助于”; B) attribute to“归因于 , 归咎于 ; 认为… 是某人所有”; C) attend to“ 专注 , 注意 ; 照顾 , 护理”, 如 : attent to the
wounded day and night 日夜护理伤员 ; D) devote to
“ 把…奉献给…”, 如 : devote oneself to 献身于 , 致力于 , 专心于。
56 .C 译文 : 因为全部任务提前完成 , 他们决定外出休假一星期。解析 : 因句首没有连词 , 可排除 A、B 两项。D
项属错误省略。C 项正确。
57 .A 译文 : 这篇文章呼吁人们更多地关注外语教学中涉及到的文化干扰的问题。解析 : 四选项的意思分别
为 :A) call for“需要 , 要求 ; 提倡”; B) apply for“申请”; C) care for“关心 , 担心 , 计较 ; 照顾 ; 喜欢”;D ) allow for“ 考虑
到 , 体谅”, 如 : It takes about an hour to get there, allowing for possible traffic delays .把路上可能的耽搁算进去 , 大约一
小时可到那里。
58 .B 译文 : 处罚他是让他不要再犯同样的错误。解析 : 四个连词中 C、D 同义 , 都表示条件。A 项为“除非 , 如第
果不”, B 项含义类似于 in case . 二
部
59 .D 译文 : 汽油是从地下开采的原油提炼而成的。解析 : 四选项的含义分别为 : A ) fresh“ 新的 , 新近的 ; 新鲜分
的 ; 无经验的”; B)original
“最初的 , 最早的 ; 新颖的 ; 有独创性的”; C) rude“ 原始的 , 未开化的 ; 简陋的 ; 大略的 ; 粗
鲁的”;D) crude“ 天然的 ; 未加工的 ; 未煮熟的 ; 粗野的 ; 粗糙的”。
60 .B 译文 : 圣・路易斯曾是美国第四大城市 , 而现在已沦落为第二十四大城市。解析 : A 项句子中间缺少 as ,
错。D 项句首缺连词 , 也错。现在的圣・路易斯城显然和历史上圣・路易斯城不是同一概念 , 所以 C 项也不妥。
B 项正确。
Part Ⅳ Cloze
61 .B 解析 : expect of 意指 “从…期盼得到什么”
, , 符合题意。
62 .D 解析 : 上文指“索取”, 此处应指“给予”, in return“ 作为回报”正确。 in addition“再有”; in reply“ 回答”; in turn
“轮流”。
63 .C 解析 : be satisfied with 为习惯搭配。
64 .A 解析 : 根据文章开头提供的信息 , 此处显然指“告知结果”。而 B、
C、D 诸项意思分别为 “
: 效果”“期
; 盼,
指望”“后果”
; 。
大
65 .D 解析 :A、
C 用法错误 , 应先排除 ; B) lead to“导致”, 意思不符 ;D) appear to be“似乎是”, 正确。
学
66 .A 解析 : 此处应选择作为形容词的 human“人类”。B 项是名词 , C 项表示“个人的 , 个体的”, D 项表示“公民英
语
的 , 市民的 ; 民用的 ; 国内的 ; 文明的”。
四
67 .A 解析 : 空格前的 ties 暗指对 A 项的选择。 attach 表“系 , 贴 ; 附加 , 把重点放在… ( to) ”。级
68 .B 解析 : 上文提到的婚姻或父子关系都是由法律规定的 , 所以此处 law 为正确。A 项意为“纪律 ; 学科”, C、考
试
D 项表示“规则 , 规定”。
69 .D 解析 : play roles 为合理搭配。历
年
70 .C 解析 : 上文提及了“members of professional societies”, 故此处应选择 other。
试
71 .C 解析 : 空格后列出的数词都属 feeling . 题
72 .A 解析 : 此处应指两者之间 , 所以 between 正确。详
解
73 .B 解析 : 此处指期刊号 , 所以 issue
“发行 , 发行量 , 报刊期号 ; 问题 , 争端”正确 , 如 : the latest issue of China Re-
constructs 最新一期《中国建设》。A)“ 印刷 , 印刷品”, C)“ 发表 , 公布 ; 出版 ; 出版物”, D)“ 抄本 , 复制品 , ( 报刊 ) 一
200
册 , 一本”。
74 .C 解析 : 四选项的意思分别为 :A) secure“使安全 ; 保证 ; 获得”; B) assure“ 使确信 ; 向……保证”; C) confirm
“证
实”;D) resolve“分解 ; 解决 ; 决心”。
75 .D 解析 : 信任和背叛对人与人之间的友谊而言应是极为重要的。所以 central“中心 , 重要”为正确选择。A)
“中立的 ; 非彩色的”; C)“ 核心的 , 原子弹的 , 原子能的”。
76 .D 解析 : look for 表示“寻找 , 寻求”, 符合题意。
77 .A 解析 : 根据该空格前后语境 , not only . . .but . . .应选择 most .
78 .B 解析 : 此处缺少定语从句的关系代语 , 又是指人 , 故 who 正确。
79 .A 解析 : 从统计数据中得出的只能是 conclusion“结论”。B)“总结”; C)“决定 ; 裁决”;D)“ ( 根据权利 ) 提出的
要求 ; 所有权 ; 主张”。
80 .B 解析 : 根据上下文 , 此处表示转折关系。A)“ 再者 , 加之 , 此外 , 而且”, 属递进关系 ; B)“ 然而”, 正解 ; D)
“还 , 尚 , 仍然”, 主要用于否定句及疑问句。
第
二 Part Ⅴ Writing
部
分
A Letter to a Schoolmate
June 23 , 2001
范文 1 :
Dear Xiao Wang ,
Your letter of April 22 reached me this morning as a pleasant surprise .I am so glad to learn that you are coming to visit
Dalian from May 1st to 6th .My parents are also happy to have you here with us .
Luckily , I’m completely free then .I can show you around the city .Dalian is well known for its magnificent sandy beach-
es, unique squares and lawn .May is not the best month for swimmers , for the sea around Dalian is still cold at this time .We
do , however , have some places for you to visit in Dalian , and we can take a long walk along the beautiful Binhai Road ,which is
a seafront road .
The idea of a dinner party on the evening of May 5th sounds marvelous and I promise to prepare some seafood for it .
The hotel rooms are heavily booked for that week , but you can stay in our flat, for we’ve got a spare room .So don’t worry
about that .
Your train from Beijing will be arriving at 7 : 10 a .m .on May 1st .I will get to the Dalian Railroad Station 10 minutes ear-
大
学 lier and I’ll meet you on platform 2 .Well, see you then .
英 Love ,
语 Zhang Ying
四
级 A Letter to a Schoolmate
考 June 23 , 2001
试
范文 2 :
历 Dear Xiao Wang ,
年 I am delighted to know that you will be able to visit me for a week during the National Day holiday .I am looking forward
试
题 to your visit and to the opportunity to catch up .Welcome to my home in Nanjing !
详 As you know, Nanjing has many places of interest to see , to discover , and to enjoy .Among its historical sites are stone city
解 wall , the Confucious Temple with its magnificent night view, and Dr .Sun Yetsen’
s Mausoleum .With all its universities,Nanjing
is a cultural center , offering an abundance of artistic and musical performances .It’s also a city of beautiful gardens and parks ,
201
such as the Xuanwu Lake Park .With all these features ,we will have a fun - filled week , especially that in early - October ,
there are many sunny and mild days for outdoor activities .So , I would suggest visiting these places first , and deciding on the
others as our week develops .
Finally , since at this time of the year the weather gets a little chilly in the evening , I would suggest that you bring some
warm clothing with you .Also , as there will be crowds of people at the stations and on the trains, you need to be very careful
with your belongings !
Best wishes for a pleasant journey !
Yours ,
Zhang Ying
第
二
部
分
大
学
英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
202
Section A
1 .M: Jessica, could you forward this E - mail to all the club members ?
W :Sorry, the computer broke down this morning .I’ll do it for you as soon as I have it fixed .
2 .W :Did you find the book for your reading assignment in the library ?
M: It closed before I got there .I had no idea it closes so early on weekends .
“play”button ?
3 .M: Did you check the power plug and press the
第 W :Yes , the power indicator was on and it was running .But somehow the sound didn’t come through .
二
部 Q: What was the woman probably trying to do ?
分 4 .M: Joanna , I’m awfully sorry .I didn’t mean to hurt you .Shall we have a beer and forget the whole thing ?
W :Ok ,we can drop it this time .But don’t do it again .
5 .W :Airports are sad places .
M: Sometimes , I guess .But we’ll keep in touch .And I’ll fly over to see you at Christmas .
Q: What are the speakers doing ?
6 .M: Are you going to return to your present job after the vacation ?
W :No, I plan to graduate next semester .That means I’ll have to be a full - time student .
Q: What will the woman do ?
7 .W :John , are you doing research for Professor Williams this semester ?
M: Actually , I’m working as his teaching assistant .
8 .M: I heard there are a few seats left for the show tonight .
W : Really ? I was under the impression that the tickets were sold out a long time ago .
Q: What do we know from the woman’s reply ?
大
学 9 .W :Mr .Long’s briefing seemed to go on forever .I was barely able to stay awake .
英 M: How could you sleep through that ? It was very important to the mission we are going to carry out .
语
Q: What does the man imply ?
四
级 10 .W: You seem very confident about the job interview, don’t you ?
考 M: Yes, I feel ready for it .I bought a good suit in the clothing store .I had my hair cut .I have studied almost everything
试
about finance and economics .
历 Q: Where is the man probably going to work ?
年 Section B
试
题 Passage One
详 There was once a man in South America who had a parrot , a pet bird that could imitate human speech .The parrot was u-
解
nique .There was no other bird like him in the whole world .He could learn to say any word except one .He could not say the
name of his native town - Katano .The man did everything he could to teach the parrot to say“Katano”, but he never succeed-
203
ed .At first , he was very gentle with the bird , but gradually he lost his temper “You
. stupid bird ! Why can’t you learn to say
that one word ? Say‘Katano’or I’ll kill you .”But the parrot would not say it .Many times the man screamed “
, Say‘Katano’or
I’ll kill you !”
But the bird would never repeat the name .Finally , the man gave up .He picked up the parrot and threw him into
the chicken house“You
. are even more stupid than the chickens .”In the chicken house , there were four old chickens,waiting
to be killed for Sunday’
s dinner .
The next morning ,when he went out to the chicken house , the man opened the door .He was shocked by what he saw .He
could not believe his eyes and ears .On the floor lay three dead chickens .The parrot was screaming at the fourth ,“ Say
‘Katano’or I’ll kill you .”
11 .Why did the man lose his temper ?
12 .Who killed the three chickens ?
13 .Why was the man shocked at the scene the next morning ?
Passage Two
In Britain , if you are found guilty of a crime you can be sent to prison or be fined or be ordered to do community work , 第
such as tiding public places and helping the old .You may also be sent to special centers where you learn practical skills like 二
cooking ,writing and car maintenance . 部
分
Around 5% of the prison population are women .Many prisons were built over 100 years ago .But the government will
have built 11 new prisons by next year .There are two sorts of prisons: the open sort and the closed sort .In the closed sort , pris-
oners are given very little freedom .They spend 3 to 10 hours outside their cells when they exercise , eat, study, learn skills ,
watch TV and talk to other prisoners .All the prisoners are expected to work .Most of them are paid for what they do, whether it
is doing maintenance or cooking and cleaning .Prisoners in open prisons are locked up at night .But for the rest of the time ,
they are free within the prison grounds .They can exercise , have visitors or study .And some are allowed out of the grounds to
study or do community work .
14 .What do we know about women prisoners in Britain ?
15 .In what way are open prisons different from closed prisons ?
16 .What do we learn about prisoners in Britain ?
Passage Three
London taxi drivers know the capital like the back of their hands .No matter how small and indistinct the street is, the
driver will be able to get you there without any trouble .The reason London taxi drivers are so efficient is that they have all gone
through a very tough training period to get a special taxi driving license .During this period ,which can take from 2 to 4 years ,
the would - be taxi driver has to learn the most direct route to every single road and to every important building in London .To 大
achieve this ,most learners go around the city on small motorbikes, practicing how to move to and from different points of the 学
city . 英
语
Learner taxi drivers are tested several times during their training period by government officers .Their exams are a terrible 四
experience .The officers ask you“How
, do you get from Buckingham Palace to the Tower of London ?”And you have to take 级
考
them there in a direct line .When you get to the Tower , they won’t say“Well done !”They will quickly move on to the next
试
question .After five or six questions they will just say“See
, you in two months’time .”And then you know the exam is over .
Learner drivers are not allowed to work and earn money as drivers .Therefore ,many of them keep their previous jobs until they’ 历
年
ve obtained their license .The training can cost quite a lot because learners have to pay for their own expenses on the tests and
试
a medical exam . 题
17 .Why are London taxi drivers very efficient ? 详
解
18 .How long does the training period last ?
19 .Why does the speaker think the driving test is a terrible experience ?
204
20 .Why do learner drivers have to keep their present jobs ?

1 .D 2 .A 3 .A 4 .D 5 .D
6 .C 7 .C 8 .A 9 .B 10 .A
11 .D 12 .C 13 .A 14 .D 15 .A
16 .B 17 .B 18 .D 19 .B 20 .C
21 .A 解析 : 最关键的提示出现在第二段第 2 句“ . . .and should not be powered by the gasoline engine .”以及第三段

开头“Regardless of its power source , . . .”可得知需改进汽车的能量来源 ,A 项正确。C 项表示“汽车的监控系统”,
有一定的干扰度 , 文章的第三、四段都谈到了这一问题。但考生需搞明白该问题不是汽车本身需改进的问题。
22 .C 解析 : 提示出现在第三段。第三段的大意为 : 不管它的能量来源是什么 , 汽车在将来仍将是城市交通拥
第挤的主要问题。一个被提出的解决这个问题的方法是自动化公路系统。文章随后两段探讨了建造自动化公路
二系统的技术问题以及建造该系统的诱人前景。许多粗心的考生会误选 D 项。主要是没有看清选项中 subway
部一词。
分
23 .A 解析 : 该题较简单。做题根据在第四段第 1 行“ . . .and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those pow-
ering subway trains electrically .”
24 .D 解析 : 该题也较简单。只需正确理解第五段第 1 行“The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his
destination into the system .”(司机可以用电话将关于他的目的地指令输入系统。)有少数考生误选 B 项 , 但这是在
做完 D 项动作之后可以做的事。所以答案应该是 D
25 .C 解析 : 文章第一段叙述了对汽车的两种截然不同的看法。根据提示词 however , 以及下文作者叙述的内
容 , 可以推断出作者对汽车的态度应该是乐观的 , 只是提出有许多方面要改进。
【参考译文】
一些悲观的专家觉得汽车一定会被停止使用。他们认为 , 在不太远的将来的某一天 , 所有的汽车都会被废
弃 , 任其生锈。然而 , 另外一些权威认为汽车会被普遍接受。他们认为在可预见的将来 , 汽车仍将是一个城市
旅游的主要方式。
汽车毫无疑问将在下个 30 年有很重大的改变。它将变得更小、更安全和更经济 , 而且将不应由汽油引擎
驱动。将来的汽车会比现在的各类汽车在没有污染方面好得多。
不管它的动力来源是什么 , 汽车在将来仍将是城市交通拥挤的主要问题。一个被提出的解决这个问题的
大
学方法是建设自动化公路系统。
英汽车一进入这种公路系统 , 一个可以伸缩的臂状物会从车上落下与一条铁轨接触。这种铁轨与那些通过
语电力驱动地铁的铁轨类似。一旦与铁轨连接 , 汽车就会由系统电力驱动 , 车辆的控制也传送到一台中央计算
四
级机。这台计算机将监视每一辆车的运行。
考司机可以用电话将关于他的目的地的指令输入系统。计算机将计算出最好的路线 , 并为汽车预留空间 , 直
试
到其恰当地离开公路。司机然后就可以随意地放松 , 等着蜂鸣器预告他即将出公路。据估计 , 自动化的公路与
历现在每小时只能承载 1 , 500 到 2 , 000 辆车的公路比较 , 每小时将可以处理 10 , 000 台车辆。
年【词语注释】
试
题 leading[ li di ] a .最重要的 , 主要的 ; 首位的 , 带头的 , 领衔的
详 economical [ i k n mik l] a .节约的 , 节俭的 , 经济的
解 monitor[ m nit ] vt .监听 , 监视 ; 监测 , 检测 n .监听器 , 检测器 ; 显示器 ; 班长
reserve [ ri z v] vt .保留 , 留存 ; 预订 n .储备 ; 保留 , (言语、行动等 ) 拘谨 , 矜持 ; 自然保护区
205
【难句点拨】
when the auto enters the highway system, a retractable arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail ,which is
similar to those powering subway trains electrically .
when 引导一个时间状语从句 , 主句为“… arm will drop… and make…”, 关系代词 which 引导一个非限制性定
语从句 , 修饰 a rail。该定语从句中 “powering…”
, 为分词短语 , 说明前面的 those 一词。
26 .A 解析 : 该题的解题依据为第三段 , 尤其是第一句“People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport . . .”。
27 .C 解析 : 依据为第三段第 2 行“ . . .and follow strict codes of behavior”( . . .遵循严格的行为准则 ) 句中的 codes
对应选项中的 rules。
28 .B 解析 : 该题题干出现在第四段第 4 行“ . . .but mostly saboteurs interfere with the hunt . . .”, 那么 by 后接内容实
际就是该题的答案。也就是“misleading riders and disturbing the trail of the fox’s smell ,which the dogs follow .”(阻拦者
为骑马的人带错路或扰乱狗追踪狐狸气味的踪迹 ) , 而这正是 B 项内容。
29 .B 解析 : 依据为文章最后一段第 4 行起“ . . .which will make the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal .If the law
is passed , wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain .”( . . .使带狗捕猎野生动物成为非法。如果第
该项法律被通过 , 诸如狐狸之类的野生动物将会在英国的这个禁令之下得到保护。)四选项中 C 项具有相当大二
的干扰度 , 只是缺少关键条件 with dogs。部
分
30 .C 解析 : 解答该题依据有二 : 一是第四段第 2 行“ . . .because they think it is brutal . . .”, 二是文章最后几行。
【参考译文】
狐狸和农民从来没有友好相处过。这些像狗的小动物一直被指责咬死农场的动物。它们被正式归类为有
害的动物。农民们试图通过射杀或下毒来使它们的数量下降。
农民也可以呼吁地方上的狩猎服务机构来控制狐狸的数量。狩猎就是在乡村带领一群受过特别训练的
狗 , 男人和妇女骑马随后 , 来追踪狐狸 , 如果狗最终抓到了狐狸 , 它们会咬死它 , 或者由猎人射杀。
参加狩猎的人视其为一项娱乐活动。他们穿着红上衣和白裤子的特别制服 , 遵循严格的行为准则。但是
拥有一匹马和定期狩猎是很花钱的 , 因此大部分狩猎者是富有的。
据估计有高达 100 , 000 人观看或参加狩猎狐狸。但是 , 在过去几十年中 , 认为猎狐很残忍而反对的人的数
量急剧上升。现今 , 很少有一次狩猎能够顺利完成而不发生狩猎者和阻拦者之间的冲突。有些时候这些事件
会引发暴力。但是 , 大部分时候 , 阻拦者只是通过为骑马的人带错路或扰乱狗追踪的狐狸气味的踪迹来干扰狩
猎。
狩猎者和阻拦者之间的吵吵嚷嚷的冲突变得非常常见 , 几乎就像追踪狐狸本身一样成为了狩猎的一部分。
但是 , 今年猎狐的支持者面临着一项新的法律 , 将使带狗捕猎野生动物成为非法。如果该项法律获得通过 , 诸
如狐狸之类的野生动物将会在英国的这个禁令之下得到保护。大
【词语注释】学
code[ k ud] n .准则 , 法规 ; 密码 , 代码 vt .把……编码英
语
confrontation[ k nfr n tei n] n .对抗 ; 对抗的事物四
ban[b n] vt .取缔 , 查禁 ; (from) 禁止 n .禁止 , 禁令级
考
【难句点拨】
试
sometimes these incidents led to violence , but mostly saboteurs interfere with the hunt by misleading riders and disturbing
the trail of the fox’s smell ,which the dogs follow . 历
年
总体上 , 这是一个由 but 引导的并列复合句 , 表示转折。后一句子要稍复杂些。“by misleading… and disturb-
试
ing…”表示方式 , 由关系代词 which 引导的非限制性定语从句 , 修饰“the trail”一词。题
31 .B 解析 : 该题具有一定难度。做对该题需正确理解文章开头两行。大意为 : 对越来越多的美国大学生而详
解
言 “老”
, 突然变得流行了。原因很显然 : 美国的老年化意味着工作 (机会 ) 。这正是 B 项的内容。
32 .B 解析 : 依据为第二段第 1 行起“Lawyers can specialize in‘elder law’, which covers everything from trusts and es-
206
tates to nursing - home abuse and age discrimination .”大意为 : 律师可以专门研究“老年法律”, 这涵盖了从信托和不
动产到在护理院受到的虐待和年龄歧视等等诸多事务。
33 .C 解析 : 依据为第二段第 2 行始“Businessmen see huge opportunities in the elder market because the baby boomers ,
74 million strong, are likely to be the wealthiest group of retirees in human history .”大意为 : 商人在老年人的市场上看到
了巨大的机会 , 因为高达 7400 万人的生育高峰期出生的一代人可能是人类历史上最富裕的一群退休者。意即
这些人具有相当强的购买力。
34 .D 解析 : 该题的题干体现在第二段第 4 行“ . . .will have a license to print money .”所以前面的内容也就是赚大
钱的条件。即 “
: any student who combines an expert knowledge in gerontology with , say, an MBA or law degree . . .”。
35 .A 解析 : 依据为第一段第 6 句“But it also creates career opportunities in medicine and health professions , and in law
and business as well .”大意为 : 但是 , 这也在医药、卫生行业以及法律、商业方面创造了工作机会。
【参考译文】
对越来越多的美国大学生而言 “
, 老”突然变得流行了。原因是显然的 : 美国高龄化意味着工作机会。与生
育高峰期出生一代人渐渐年老紧密联系在一起的是 , 较长的寿命意味着这个国家的老年人口一定会在下个 50
第年显著地增长。到达 2050 年 , 美国人将有 25% 超过 65 岁 , 比 1995 年高出 14 % 。当然 , 这种变化对政府和社会
二
部提出了深刻的问题。但是 , 这也在医药、健康行业以及法律、商业方面创造了工作机会。“除了医生之外 , 我们
分还将需要更多的社会学家、生物学家、城市规划师和专业律师 , ”南加州大学老年学学院爱德华施耐德教授说。
律师可以专攻“老年法律”, 这涵盖了从信托和不动产到在护理院受到的虐待和年龄歧视等诸多事务。商
人在老年市场上看到了巨大的机会 , 因为高达 7400 万人的生育高峰期出生的一代人可能是人类历史上最富裕
的一群退休者。“任何学生把老年学的专业知识和 , 比如说 , 工商管理硕士或法律学位结合在一起将‘钱’途无
量 , ”一位教授说。
琶格丽特桑托斯是南加州大学的一位 21 岁的四年级学生。她开始上大学的时候是主修生物学 , 但是她发
现她对“细菌烦透了”。因此 , 她修了老年学的一门课 , 发现自己喜欢这个学科。她说“我在退休老人福利院做
义工 , 这使我很高兴。”
【词语注释】
gray[ grei ] v .同 grey(使某事物 )变成灰色
pose[ p uz ] vt .造成 , 引起 (困难等 ) ; 提出( 问题等) , 陈述 ( 论点等 ) vi .摆姿势 ; 假装 , 装腔作势
abuse[ bju s] n .滥用 , 妄想 ; 虐待 , 伤害 ; 辱骂 , 毁谤 vt .滥用 , 妄想 ; 虐待 , 伤害 ; 辱骂 , 毁谤
【难句点拨】
“Any student who combines an expert knowledge in gerontology with , say , an MBA o law degree will have a license to
大 print money , ”one professor says .

学重点分析一下引号中的句子。“who combines…with…”是定语从句 , 修饰 any student。谓语是“will have a li-
英 cense to print money”, 其中不定式短语作 license 的定语。“say”在句中作插入语。
语
四 36 .D 解析 : 依据文章第一段第一句“The decline in moral standards . . .has at last captured the attention of average
级 Americans”, 其中“decline”即为 lowering( 下降 )之意。
考 37 .B 解析 : 依据文章第三段第三句中的“I’m in it for me”( 我为自己参与其中 ) 和第四段的最后一个词组“a
试
greater emphasis on self”( 更加强调自我 ) 。
历 38 .B 解析 : 依据第四段第一句后面的非限制性定语从句“in which neighbors looked out for one another”(邻居们相
年
互关照) 。
试
题 39 .A 解析 : 确切地说 , 该题属例证题。依据文章第五段第 2 - 3 行“unheard of in the 1950s”。
详 40 .D 解析 : 依据文章最后一段第一句“until people find ways to counter the materialism in society”( 除非人们找到反
解
对物质主义的方法 )。
207
【参考译文】
道德水准的下降———这引起了社会学家长期的关注———已经最终吸引了普通美国人的注意力。简贝斯克
爱尔斯坦是对此感到高兴的人之一。这位芝加哥大学的伦理学教授说 , 普通公民开始严肃考虑这个国家的道
德氛围这一事实使我们有理由期待将出现新的观念来提高人民的道德水准。
但是 , 面临的挑战也不容低估。美国社会的物质主义和个人主义是最大障碍。“‘我干这个是为自己’的思
想已经深深地扎根于这个国家的民族意识中 , ”爱尔斯坦女士说。
这种思想可以被部分归因为传统社会的解体 , 在传统社会中相临而居的人们相互关照 , 她说道。随着当今
社会流动性的增强和这么多夫妇工作 , 那些纽带已经被削弱了 , 而被更强调自我所代替。
在 1996 年对美国人进行的一项民意测验中 , 道德的丧失在美国所面临的问题中居于首位。爱尔斯坦以为
公众注意到这些是对的 : 数据表明 , 美国人正在与 19 世纪 50 年代听都没听过的问题做斗争 , 比如说课堂暴力
和未婚妈妈的高生育率等。
爱尔斯坦说 , 对较高的道德水准的渴求并不是对某个不存在的“黄金时代”的一曲挽歌。也不是对拒绝给
予妇女和少数民族机会的时代的一厢情愿的渴望。实际上 , 大部分人支持减少歧视。第
直到人们找到方法来反对社会上的物质主义 , 道德水准的下降才能被扭转。她说 “慢慢地
: , 你会明白重要二
部
的东西是那些你不能用钱买到的东西。” 分
【词语注释】
individualism[ indi vidju liz( ) m] n .只按个人方法行事的感觉或行为 ; 个人主义
attribute [ tribju t] vt .把……归因于 , 把 ( 过错 , 责任等) 归于 n .属性 , 特征
disintegration[dis inti grei n] n .传统价值观念的逐渐淡薄
bond[ b nd] n .联结 , 联系 ; 粘接剂 ; 公债 , 债券 ; 契约 , 合同 v .( 使 )粘合 , ( 使 )结合
【难句点拨】
The fact that ordinary citizens are now starting to think seriously about the nation’s moral climate , says this ethics profes-
sor at the University of Chicago , is reason to hope that new ideas will come forward to improve it .
该句的主要结构为“The fact that…is reason to hope that…”。第一个 that 引导的句子是 the fact 的同位语从句 ,
“says this ethics professor…”为插入成份 , 作补充说明。“hope”后接 that 句子为宾语从句 , it 指代前文的 climate。
41 .D 译文 : 当你到达纽约时 , 我将已经出发前往伦敦了。解析 : 根据句子中表示时间的“by the time you get to
大
New York”, 可断定主句中应选用将来完成时态。再如 : The conference will have lasted a full week by the time it ends . 学
该题与 2001 年 6 月第 31 题几乎一样。英
语
42 .A 译文 : 这篇文章建议 , 当一个人处于不同寻常的压力之下时 , 他应该特别仔细注意均衡的饮食。解析 : 这
四
一题有个陷阱 , 许多考生误以为考虚拟语气 , 所以选 C 项。实际上虚拟语气句型为 suggest that sb .( should) do . 级
When 后面是时间状语从句 , 这里表示一般状态 , 故用一般现在时。考
试
43 .C 译文 : 律师建议他放弃这个案子 , 因为他获胜的可能性很小。解析 : 四选项的含意分别是 : A)“ 事件 , 大
事”; B)“ (相对较小的) 事件 , 事变”; C)“案件 , 事例 , 情况”;D)“ 事情 , 事务 , 事件。” 历
年
44 .B 译文 : 有时候 , 小孩子难以区分事实和虚构的事物 , 因此就有可能会认为这样的事情确实存在。解析 :
试
have trouble/ difficulty doing sth .为习惯用法。此题与 1995 年 6 月六级考试 41 题几乎完全一样 , 只是题干和选择题
项稍有改动。考生在复习时要注意到这一出题趋势。详
解
45 .A 译文 : 他很肯定在两天内让他完成这个任务是绝对不可能的。解析 : 四选项含义分别是 : A)“ 绝对地 , 完
全地”; B)“ 独有地 , 惟一地”; C)“ 完全地 , 充分地”;D)“ 粗略地 , 大致地”。
208
考生还需记住这些用词 : exclusive of
“不计…在内”; exclusive to“为…独享 , 独有”; roughly speaking
“ 粗略地说”。
46 .C 译文 : 路上有一个大洞影响了交通。解析 : 四选项的含义分别为 :A)“ 耽搁或延误 ( 某事物的进展时间 )”;
B)“ 退后”; C)“ 阻碍或延误( 某事物) ”; D)“ 隐蔽 , 不站立”。
47 .C 译文 : 许多代表支持他的提案 , 该提案建议成立一个特别委员会来调查这个事件。解析 : proposal 是关键
词 , 表示建议 , that 后面跟主语从句或同位语从句 , 一般用 ( should) + 动词原形。参见 1998 年 6 月四级 68 题。
48 .B 译文 : 在中国家庭里 , 祖父和其他亲属在养育小孩方面起着不可或缺的作用。解析 : 四选项的含意分别
是 :A)“ 不能的”; B)“ 不可或缺的”; C)“未觉察到的”; D)“ 无限的 , 无穷的”。
考生还可再记一些单词 : incompatible 不相容的 , 不和谐的 ; incredible 难以置信的 ; indefinite 不确定的。
49 .D 译文 : 眼神接触是重要的 , 因为错误的眼神接触可能会造成交流障碍。解析 : 四选项的含意分别为 : A)
“悲剧”; B)“ 真空”; C)“ 问题”;D)“障碍”。注意 : a barrier to ( doing) sth .意为“ ( 做某事 ) … 的障碍”, 如 : A tree fell
across the road and made a barrier to traffic .
50 .B 译文 : 展览会前的队排得这么长 , 以至于我们不得不等了大约半小时。解析 : 再如 : It was such a terrible
day that I decided to stay indoors .
第考生请注意两词的区别 : such as
“例如”; as such
“ 就其本身而论”, 如 : The gift as such was of little value , but Mrs Marsh
二
部 loved it because he had made it himself .
分 51 .A 译文 : 从大路没有到这个房子的通路。解析 : 四选项的含义分别是 : A)“ 通道 , 进入 ”; B)“ 街道”; C)“ 暴
露 , 接触”, 如 : exposure to sunshine ;D)“ 边缘”, on the edge of“在…的边缘”。为了加深对 A 项的理解 , 我们再举一
例 :The avalanche cut off the access to the mountain village .雪崩切断了进入山村的通道。
52 .A 译文 : 地球表面以下积累的能量必须以一种或另一种形式被释放出来 , 比如说地震。解析 : accmulate 是
点点滴滴地长时间的“积累 , 积聚”, 其重点在整体 , 而非个体 , 如 : Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a library is not
cleaned daily .其他几个词的内涵都有一件一件、个体收集的意思。另外 , assemble 还有“组装 , 集合”的意思。
53 .C 译文 : 他没有被任命为委员会的主席 , 因为他被认为不怎么受委员会全体委员的欢迎。解析 : 分词结构
作补充说明 , 表示原因。句中主语和选项中的中心词 consider 应是被动关系 , 可确定 B、D 错误。C 项正确。A
项不定式表示目的或结果 , 故错误。
54 .D 译文 : 二十世纪见证了世界范围内的巨大的政治、经济和文化转变。解析 : 四选项的含意分别为 : A)“ 传
统”; B)“ 运输”; C)“ 传送 , 发射 , 传播”; D)“改变 , 转变”。
考生还可再记两词 : transaction 交易 ; transition 转变 , 过渡。如 : Spring is a transit from winter into summer .这些词在
四、六级考试中出现频率较高 , 考生需熟记。
55 .B 译文 : 粘在信封上的标签上写着“航空邮寄”。解析 : 四选项的含义分别为 : A)“ 图解 , 图表”; B)“ 标签”;
C)“ 信号 , 标志”; D)“ 痕迹 , 标记”。该题中 D 项最具干扰 , 但原句在有 stuck(粘 )一词 , 所以答案应该为 B。
大
学 56 .A 译文 : 这两个公司之间签订的合同将使上海今年的移动通信容量有望增长两倍。解析 : A 项表示“能力 ,
英容量”, 如 :The stadium has a seating capacity of 50 , 000 .( 这个礼堂能够容纳 50000 人。)B)“ 潜在的 , 潜力”; C)“ 占有 ,
语
四拥有”;D)“冲击 , 影响”, 后接 on。
级 57 .B 译文 : 体会字里行间的言外之意 , 我认为政府实际上比他们所承认的要更加忧虑。解析 : read between the
考 lines 意为“体会字里行间的言外之意”(find more meaning than the words appear to express) , 如 : You know you have to
试
read“ between the lines”to get the most out of anything .
历 58 .C 译文 : 我兄弟雄心勃勃地计划着 : 在十六岁之前掌握英语、法语和西班牙语。解析 : 四选项的含意分别
年为 :A)“ 随意的 , 武断的”; B)“ 侵略的 , 有进取心的”; C)“ 雄心勃勃的 , 野心勃勃的”, 例如 :My sister is ambitious and
试
题 plans to get an M .A . degree within one year .D “
) 充足的”。
详 59 .B 译文 : 如果这个母亲坚持她拥有留下婴儿的权利 , 事情可能会更加糟糕。解析 : 分析该句可得知主句、从
解
句虚拟时间相一致 , 都是对过去事实的虚拟 , 根据主句中的“might have been”, 应选择 had insisted 与之搭配。虚
拟语气在四级考试中基本上每次都会考到 , 考生需掌握这一语法。
209
60 .A 译文 : 那个报告里的统计数据不正确。你不要引用这些数据。解析 : 四选项的含义分别是 :A)“ 准确的 ,

精确的”, 如 :Her report is accurate and well written .B)“ 固定的 , 确定的”; C)“ 精巧的 , 脆弱的”; D)“ 钢硬的 , 严格
的”。考生顺便可记住 refer to 的几种含义 : ①“涉及 , 提到”, 如 : I referred to your plan at the last meeting .②“指的
是”, 如 : The figures in the left - hand volume refer to our overseas sales .③“参考 , 查阅”, 如 : If I’m not sure how to spell a
word , I refer to a dictionary .
61 .A 译文 : 对比可能使某物显得比被单独看时更漂亮。解析 : 该句如果复原 , 应该是这样的句子 : Contrast may
make something appear more beautiful than it is when it is seen alone .句中 when 属连词 , 省略 it is。所以选项 seen 正
确。
62 .C 译文 : 你看的橄榄球比赛是从纽约现场直播的。解析 : 做对该题只需掌握每个词的基本含意即可。四选
项的含意分别是 : A)“活泼的 , 活跃的”; B)“活着的 (通常作表语 ) , 活泼的”; C)“ 实况转播”; D)“活的 , 逼真的 , 现
在的”。
63 .C 译文 : 我们没有一个人预料到主席会出席这个晚会。我们都以为他还在医院里。解析 : 四选项的含义分
第
别为 : A)“ 交还 , 上交 , 上床睡觉”; B)“ 翻倒 , 仔细考虑 , 移交”; C)“ 调大 , 出现 , 露面”; D)“ 关小 , 调低 , 拒绝”。这
几个词组在四级考试中已多次考到 , 考生需熟悉每个词组的多种意思。二
部
64 .C 译文 : 这位母亲不知道该怪谁打破了玻璃。解析 : to blame 表示被动意义 , 这是 blame 的一个特殊用法。分
blame sb . for sth “因为…而责备某人”
. ; blame sth . on/ upon sb“把…归咎于某人”
. 。
65 .D 译文 : 他屈服于顾客 , 把价钱降了一半。解析 : 原句中空格后的 to 应该是一个非常重要的提示词 , yield to
“屈服 , 屈从”, 符合句意 , 而其他三项的含义分别是 : A)“泄露”; B)“拉 , 拽 , 提取”; C)“ 引用 , 报价”。
该题与四级考试 1998 年 1 月中第 39 题几乎一样。
66 .D 译文 : Tryon 极度生气 , 但还是保持了足够的冷静 , 没有冲到老板的房间里去。解析 : avoid doing sth .为习
惯搭配。根据原句中 but 一词应选择 avoid , 构成合理句意。
67 .A 译文 : 因为糟糕的天气 , 所有的航班都被取消 , 所以我们不得不乘火车去那里。解析 : 两个分句都有主
语 , 如果不用独立主格则这两个分句应该用句号隔开。如用逗号 , 代入 B、
D 两项则句首应用连词连接两句子 , 所
以 B、
D 项错误。flight 和 cancel 之间为被动关系 , 所以 C 项也错。只能选 A 项。
该题与 2001 年 6 月第 56 题考点相同。
68 .B 译文 : 这份报告的作者非常熟悉这家医院的问题 , 因为他在那里已经工作了许多年。解析 : 四选项的含
义分别是 : A)“ 见多识广的”; B)“熟悉的”; C)“ 开明的 , 有知识的”; D)“公认的”。
此题和六级考试 2001 年 6 月 48 题基本一样 , 只是选项稍有不同。这也显示出四级的词汇考题难度在逐年增
加。
69 .D 译文 : 这个男孩花在看电视上的时间和花在学习上的时间一样多。解析 : as much time . . .as 是标志性结大
学
构 ,spent 是过去时 , 故所填的词应该与之平行 , 也为过去时 , did 代替 spent。英
70 .A 译文 : 船的发电机发生故障了 , 所以泵必须用手工而不是机械操作。解析 : instead of 这个结构暗示了空语
四
格中所填的应该是 mechanically 的反义词。故 A 项“手工地”正确。其他诸项的意思分别是 : B)“ 人工地 , 人造级
地”; C)“ 自动地”;D)“ 综合地 , 合成地”。考
试
Part Ⅳ Cloze 历
年
试
71 .B 解析 : 根据文章开头的时间 one summer night, 以及剧院里 air - conditioned , 可推知作者所住的公寓应该是题
非常 hot, 可以排除 cool (凉爽的 )。C 项表示“加热的”, A 项表示“温暖的”, 都不妥。详
解
72 .D 解析 : 因为前面坐着两位高大的情侣 , 所以作者只能通过两个人的头中间的空隙来看电影 , 所以 opening
(口子 , 洞 , 孔) 符合句意 ,A 项表示“裂缝 , 缝隙”有一定的干扰度。
210
73 .D 解析 : 根据下文提及的俩恋人所做的动作 , 作者为了看到屏幕只能经常变换角度。 angle 正确 , 其它诸项

意思不符。
74 .C 解析 : 该句的完整意思应该是“我必须在她每次靠向他讲话或他靠向她吻她的时候不断改变我看电影的
角度”。
75 .C 解析 : 上句的两人所做的亲密动作暗指了对 C 项 (情感 ) 的选择。其它几项的意思分别是 : A)“吸引 , 吸引
力”; B)“ 注意 , 专注 , 注意力”; D)“ 运动 , 手势 , 动作 , 提议 , 动议”。
76 .D 解析 : 根据 but 和下文引出的结果 , 应选择连词 as。
77 .B 解析 : 此处表示“半小时以后”, 当选 after。
78 .A 解析 : 上半句说到作者决定放弃看电影 , 所以该空格处应该选择 concentrate , 后接 on , 构成一词组 , 表示
“集中精力做某事 ; 把注意力放在…”。B)项表示“嚼”的意思时 , 通常作及物动词 , chew over 表示“仔细考虑”。C
项表示“决定 , 确定”, 如 :Have you fixed on a date for the wedding ? 你们举行婚礼的日期确定了吗 ? D 项 taste 通常
后接介词 of 表示“尝起来”, 如 : This soup tastes of too much salt .这汤太咸了 !
79 .C 解析 : 上文说“我不明白他们为什么给这么多爆玉米花”, 而下文说“爆玉米花味道还不错”, 故此处应选
第
二择 though , 表示转折。
部 80 .C 解析 : 根据下文的“I just heard . . .”该空格处应填上 no。
分 81 .B 解析 : 咀嚼爆玉米花的声音应该用 sound 一词 , voice 指人说话或唱歌的声音 , rhythm 指“节奏”, tone 指“调
子”, 意思不符 , 应排除。
82 .B 解析 : 该句表示作者开始走神 , 胡思乱想。wander 正确。
83 .D 解析 : 此处是作者对过去往事的回忆。used to 表示“过去常常做某事”, 正确。 enjoy 为及物动词 , 后不能
接 to , 错误。happen to 表示“发生在某人身上 , 碰巧”。 turn to 表示“转向某人求助”, 意思都不恰当。
84 .A 解析 : 此处应选择一个表示时间的连接词 , until 正确。B、
D 两项表示因果 , 都错。
85 .C 解析 : 根据下文提到的“他一点韩国口音都没有”, 说明 Kojak 说一口完美的英语 , perfect 正确。
86 .A 解析 : 根据上下文 , 此处应指作者自己的感受 , felt 正确 , 表示“我觉得自己被出卖了”。
87 .D 解析 : 该句的意思是“我们一开始学几个字的时候 , 母亲便建议我们在家里说英语”, once“ 一旦 , 一…”表
示一种条件 , 后经常接完成时态。
88 .B 解析 : 根据下文“我们都好像避免互相接触”, 说明作者和他的兄弟姐妹尽管都同意母亲的提议 , 但大家
都不愿意说英语 , 所以家里就显得特别安静 , 故 quiet 正确。 empty 指家里没人 ; stiff 表示“硬的 , 僵硬的 , 不灵活
的 , 生硬的”; calm 表示“冷静 , 镇静”。
89 .D 解析 : 此处表示“用一种语言说话”, 类似于 speak in English( 说英语) , B 项 uttering 表示“发出声音 , 发声。”
大 90 .C 解析 : 上半句提到母亲试图用英语说点什么 , 但是说出来的话全是错的 , 所以 came 应是答案。
学
英
语
四
Part Ⅴ Writing
级
考范文 1 :
试
A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus
历 January 12th , 2002
年 Dear Mr .President ,
试
题 I have been a student at this college for the past two years .The quality of the teaching is excellent , but there is one area
详 that needs improvement .
解 I have most of my meals in the cafeteria , and while I dislike complaining , the food is very poorly prepared and the prices
are too much for most college students to afford .My suggestion is that fresh fruits and vegetables be sold at more affordable
211
prices .
The canteen staff should be more courteous and keep the area clean .This would make for a more pleasant eating experi-
ence .I hope you won’t find my comments offensive , but I am proud to be a student at this fine university and want to make it
the best in every aspect .
Respectfully Yours ,
Li Ming
A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus
范文 2 :
January 12 , 2002
Dear Mr . President ,
My name is Li Ming .I am a sophomore of the law school .As the school year is drawing to a close, I venture to write a let-
ter to you about the canteen service on campus which has given rise to much complaint among students .
The focus of the complaint is the poor quality of the food .The rice is just like bullets and the buns are like hand 第
grenades .They are too hard for us to chew .And the vegetables are so overcooked as to lose their nutrients .The fish and meat 二
are not given full measure .The only thing we are satisfied with is the free soup .However , the price of the food is surprisingly 部
分
high .If we have 3 meals all in the canteen , at least twelve yuan is gone to keep our body and soul together . As a result ,many
of us go out to have meals .
Honestly speaking, the dining environment has been improved ,with the wall painted and some Chinese calligraphy works
posted up .But there are only two canteens on the campus .As the number of students is ever increasing , there is not enough
space and seats to allow us to have our meals there .The attitude of the service staff to the students is not hospitable at all .
All in all , there is still much room for improvement as far as the canteen service is concerned .I hope we will not suffer for
another two years .
Best regards .
Sincerely Yours ,
Li Ming
大
学
英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
212
Section A
1 .W : I suppose you’ve bought some gifts for your family .
M: Well , I bought a shirt for my father , and two books for my sister .But I haven’t decided what to buy for my mother .Prob-
ably some jewels .
Q: Who did the man buy the books for ?
2 .W : Look , it says they want a general sales manager and it seems like a big company .That’ll be good , for you might have to
travel a lot .
M:Do they say anything about experience ?
第 Q: What are they talking about ?
二
部 3 .W : I think we’ve covered everything .What about a cup of coffee before we move on to the next item ?
分 M: Good idea .I really can’t wait another minute .
Q: What does the woman suggest doing ?
4 .W : But what happens if it rains ? What are we going to do then ?
M: We’ll have to count on good weather .But if it does rain , the whole thing will have to be cancelled .
5 .W :You took an optional course this semester , didn’t you ? How is it going ?
M: Terrible ! It seems like the more the professor talks , the less I understand .
Q: How did the man feel about the course ?
6 .W :Mark is playing computer game .
M: Should he do that when the final exam is drawing near ?
Q: What does the man think Mark should do ?
7 .M: Jack seems to think that this year’s basketball season will be disappointing .
W :That’s his opinion .Most of others think differently .
Q: What does the woman mean ?
8 .M: Is this the check - in counter for flight 914 to Los Angles ?
大
学 W :Yes . But I’m sorry the flight is delayed because of a minor mechanical problem .Please wait for further notice .
英 Q: What do we learn from this conversation ?
语
9 .M: Excuse me .I’d like to place an advertisement for used car in the Sunday edition of your paper .
四
级 W :Ok , but you have to run your advertisement all week .We cannot quote a rate for just Sunday .
考 Q: Where is the conversation most probably taking place ?
试
10 .M: I spent so much time polishing my letter of application .
历 W: It’s worthwhile to make the effort .You know just how important it is to give a good impression .
年 Q: What do we know about the man ?
试
题 Section B
详 Passage One
解
Not everybody reads the daily newspaper .People who do not read newspapers are sometimes referred to as non - readers .
Early research has shown non - readers are generally low in education , low in income , either very young or very old .In addi-
213
tion , non - readers are more likely to live in rural areas and have less contact with neighbours and friends .Other studies show
that non - readers tend to isolate themselves from the community, are less likely to own a home and seldom belong to local vol-
untary organizations .Why don’t these people read daily paper ? They say they don’t have the time , they prefer radio or TV,
they have no interest in reading at all and besides, they think newspapers are too expensive .
Recent surveys , however , have indicated that the portrait of the non - reader is more complicated than first thought .There
appears to be a group of non - readers that does not fit the type mentioned above .They are high in income and fall into the age
group of 26 to 65 .They are far more likely to report that they don’t have the time to read papers and they have no interest in
the content .Editors and publishers are attempting to win them back .First, they are adding news briefs and comprehensive in-
dexes .This will help overcome the time problem .And they are also giving variety to newspaper content to help build the read-
ers’interest .
11 .What is typical of non - readers according to the early research ?
12 .What are the findings of recent surveys ?
13 .What are editors and publishers doing to attract the non - readers ? 第
Passage Two 二
Did you know that there is a kind of bird that can sew ? This bird , called the tailor bird , uses its mouth as a needle .It 部
分
sews leaves together in the shape of a cup .Then it adds a layer of straw to the inside of the cup and lays its eggs there .
Each bird species builds its own special kind of nest .The most common materials used for nests are grasses, branches and
feathers .A bird must weave these materials into a nest .Just imagine building a house without cement or nails to hold it togeth-
er !
Another bird is called the weaver bird .The weaver bird builds a nest that looks like a basket .The nest’s shape is like a
pear with a hole in the middle .The hole is the door of the nest .A third bird is called the oven bird .The oven bird makes the
nest that is very solid .The nest is made of mud .The oven bird forms the mud into the shape of an oven , and then lets it dry in
the sun .The sun bakes the mud ,making it very hard .
Not all birds make their homes in branches .Some birds build their nests on the ground ,while others bury their eggs under
the ground .And some birds do not build nests at all .So, when you look for nests and eggs in the branches of trees and bushes ,
remember , that some nests may be right under your feet .
14 .What does the nest built by a tailor bird look like ?
15 .Why is there a hole in the weaver bird’s nest ?
16 .What is the oven bird’s nest made of ?
17 .What might surprise us about birds’nests according to the speaker ? 大
Passage Three 学
You can tell the age of a tree by counting its rings .But these records of a tree’s life really say a lot more .Scientists are 英
语
using tree rings to learn what’s been happening on the Sun’s surface for the last 10 , 000 years .Each ring represents a year of 四
growth .As a tree grows it adds a layer to its trunk , taking up chemical elements from the air .By looking at the elements in the 级
考
rings from the given year ,scientists can tell what elements were in the air that year .Dr .Stevenson is analyzing one element ,
试
carbon - 14 , in rings from both living and dead trees .Some of the rings go back almost 10 , 000 years to the end of the Ice
Age .When Stevenson followed the carbon - 14 trail back in time , he found carbon - 14 levels change with the intensity of solar 历
年
burning .You see , the sun has cycles .Sometimes it burns fiercely ; at other times , it is relatively calm .During the Sun’s violent
试
periods , it throws off charged particles in fast moving strings called solar winds .The particles interfere with the formation of car- 题
bon - 14 on Earth .When there is more solar wind activity , less carbon - 14 is produced .10 , 000 years of tree rings show that 详
解
the carbon - 14 level rises and falls about every 420 years .The scientists concluded that solar wind activity must follow the
same cycle .
214
18 .What’s the purpose of the scientists in studying tree rings ?

19 .What affects the amount of carbon - 14 on Earth ?
20 .What do we learn from the passage about solar wind activity ?
1 .D 2 .A 3 .A 4 .C 5 .B
6 .C 7 .A 8 .D 9 .D 10 .A
11 .C 12 .A 13 .C 14 .B 15 .B
16 .C 17 .A 18 .B 19 .C 20 .D
21 .C 解析 : 依据文章第一段第 2 句话后半部分“ . . .any major change can be stressful .”以及随后表示正面事件和

负面事件的举例 , 可得知 C 项正确。文章只是指现象 , 并未告知应该做什么来避免压力 ; 更没有教你怎样处理
第生活中的突变 , 所以 B、D 项错误。

二 22 .A 解析 : 该题问“二十世纪 70 年代早期对压力的研究导致 ( 引起 ) ”。题干出现在第二段开头 , 解题
部依据应该是“And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports .”( 几百万生活和工作在
分
压力之下的美国人对这些报道非常担忧 ) 。这正是 A 项的内容。
23 .A 解析 : 该题简单。依据为第一段第 5 行“it only shows how much you have to deal with .”
24 .D 解析 : 该题问这样过于简单的建议为什么不能接受的原因。考生只要正确理解第三段的意思即可选对
答案。第三段的大意是 : 但这样过于简单的建议是不可能接受的。即使造成人们紧张的事件很危险 , 但有许多
是不可避免的 , 像你所爱的人死去。而且 , 任何回避压力的忠告使你在远离麻烦的同时也失去了机会。因为任
何变化都可能带来压力 , 一个想完全没有紧张压力的人只能永远不结婚生子 , 永远不找新工作或搬迁。
25 .C 解析 : 考生首先需要正确理解题干中的“ups and downs”一词 , 意思是“幸运与不幸的交替”。在这篇文章
中可理解为“种种挫折 , 磨难”。解题依据为最后一段第 4 句“Many come through periods of stress with more physical
and mental vigor than they had before .”
【参考译文】
在二十世纪六十年代 , 医学研究人员 Thomas Holmes 和 Richard Rahe 研究得出一份清单 , 指出哪些事情会引
起人们紧张。他们欣喜地得出一个微妙的观点即任何重大变化都可能引起人们的紧张。赫然在列的既有像
“家人患重病”这样的消极事件 , 也有诸如婚嫁这类改变生活的积极事件。当你做这种 Holmes - Rahe 测试的时
候 , 而仅仅表示你要承受多少压力。现在 , 我们知道处理这类事情的方式会极大地影响保持身体健康的可能
大
学性。
英到七十年代早期 , 又有数百个类似 Holmes - Rahe 这样的研究。有数百万工作和生活在紧张和压力下的美
语国人对这样的研究报道非常担心。不知怎么的 , 这些研究都被归结为一个难忘的信息。一些女性杂志就采用
四
级 “紧张导致疾病”这样的标题。如果想保持身心健康 , 文章写道 , 避免造成紧张的事件。
考但这样过于简单的建议是很难采纳的。即使造成人们紧张的事件很危险 , 但有许多像心爱的人去世这类
试
事情是无法避免的。而且 , 任何避免压力的提醒使你在远离麻烦的同时也失去了机会。因为任何变化都可能
历带来压力 , 一个想完全没有紧张压力的人只能永远不结婚生子 , 永远不找新工作或搬迁。
年紧张造成疾病的理念也忽略了许多我们对人类的了解。它假定人在面对逆境时都是脆弱的 , 被动的 ; 那又
试
题如何看待人类的创造性和创造力呢 ? 许多人在经历过紧张压力期后 , 表现得比过去更身心活跃。我们也知道
详长期没有变化和挑战也会导致乏味 , 身心紧张。
解【词语注释】
checklist n .清单
215
simplistic[ sim plistik] a .显得过于简单的 ; 过分简单化的

initiative[ i ni tiv] n .主动性 , 首创精神 ; 主动的行动 , 倡议 ; 主动权
【难句点拨】
When you take the Holmes - Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress it only
shows how much you have to deal with .
该复杂句中 ,when 引导一个时间状语从句 , 主句中谓语 remember 后跟了二个宾语从句。在第一个宾语从
句 the score does not reflect how you deal with stress 中 how 引导的句子又作 reflect 的宾语从句 ; 第二个宾语从句中结
构类似 , show 后又同样接了一个宾语从句。
26 .B 解析 : 该题问“作者为什么认为 encoding( 编码 , 强行记忆 ) 很重要 ?”解题依据第二段第 1 句 “
, Encoding is a
special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later .”
27 .D 解析 : 依据第三段第 3 行始 “
, . . ., possibly because they pay more attention to their environment , . . .”可得知 ,D
项正是该句的意思。B 项稍有干扰。误选此项的考生主要是没搞清楚“they”一词。这里指代 women , 和原文中
的 memory 显然不是同一概念。第
28 .C 解析 : 第四段说 : 视觉揭示能帮助克服健忘 , 但要确保该提示清晰而又触手可及。如果你要在午饭时记二
得吃药 , 就把药瓶放在餐桌上———而不是放在药箱里 , 然后写一张纸条放进口袋。C 项符合段意。误选 A、D 项部
分
的考生是脱离了文章想当然所致。误选 B 项的考生显然误解了原文的 clear 一词。
29 .A 解析 : 依据最后一段第 1 行 , 第 2 行 “
, . . .walking into a room and wondering why you’re there .Most likely , you
were thinking about something else .”可以确定 A 项正确。具有相当干扰度的选项是 B、D 两项。B 项本身并不错 ,
但这是文章第三段的内容。D 项主要是条件有误。
30 .B 解析 : 主旨考题的解答需要考生恰当把握全文的内容 , 从而加以概括。当然最明显的提示有二 : 一是第
一段第 1 行 , 第 2 行“Most episodes of absent - mindedness . . .are caused by a simple lack of attention , ”; 二是第三段开
头“Lack of interest can also lead to absent - mindedness .”
【参考译文】
大多数人心不在焉的经历———忘记东西放在哪儿了或是不知道为什么进房间了———都是精神不集中造成
的。Schacter 说 “你本该记住这件事
: , 但记忆不够深刻。”
Schacter 解释 , 编码 (强记 )是对一件事给予关注的一种特殊方式 , 对后来的回忆有较大的影响。不恰当的
强记会造成很多麻烦的情形。例如 , 你把手机放进口袋 , 但由于专心和人交谈而没有注意到自己所做的事 , 你
很有可能会忘记手机在挂在衣柜里的夹克衫口袋里。Schacter 说 “记忆力本身没
, 出毛病 , 而是你没有给予记忆
系统所需要的信息。”
缺乏兴趣也可能导致心不在焉。 Zelinski 说 “某人能够背
, 出三十年前的体育运动的统计 , 却可能忘记去寄大
一封信。”女性较男性有较好的记忆力 , 可能是因为女性更注意周围的环境 , 而记忆力一定程度上依靠环境。学
Schacter 说 , 视觉提示能帮助克服心不在焉 , 但他告诫 “ , 要确保这个提示清晰而触手可及。如果你要在午英
语
饭时记得吃药 , 就把药瓶放在餐桌上———而不是放在药箱里 , 然后写一张便条放进口袋里。” 四
另一种常见的心不在焉的经历是 : 走进房间却忘记了进房间的目的。很有可能 , 你在想其他的事情。级
考
Zelinski 说 “
, 每个人都时常发生这样的事”这时 , 你能做的就是返回到进屋前的情景 , 很可能你就想起来了。
试
【词语注释】
episode [ epis ud] n .( 一连串事件中的) 一个事件 ; (剧本 , 小说等中的 ) 插曲 , 片断历
年
fail [feil ] vi .失败 ; 不及格 ; 失灵 , 失去作用 vt .不能 , 忘记 ; 使失望 , 有负于 , 无助于 ; 没有通过( 考试 )
试
cue [ kju ] n .暗示 , 信号 ; 提示 vt .提示 , 暗示题
【难句点拨】详
解
If you put your mobile phone in a pocket , for example , and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved
in a conversation , you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe .
216
该复杂句中 “you’
, ll probably forget…”是主句 , forget 后接一个宾语从句 , hanging 是一现在分词 , 修饰前面的
jacket。“If you put… , and don’t pay attention to…”是一个条件状语从句 , 包含了两个并列分句。第二个分句中又
出现了一个由连词 because 引导的原因状语从句。
31 .B 解析 : 最明显的提示出现在第三段“Tracking whales is but one example of an exciting new world just opening to
civilian scientists after the cold war as the Navy starts to share and partly uncover . . .”。
32 .A 该题较简单。主要依据第三段第 2 行 , 第 3 行“ . . .its global network of underwater listening system built over
the decades to track the ships of potential enemies .”
33 .C 解析 : 主要依据是第六段第 2 行始 “What
, is most important , different layers of ocean water can act as channels for
sounds , focusing them in the same way . . . .”A 项具有一定的干扰。
34 .D 解析 : 依据有二 : 一是第三段第 1 行“Tracking whales is but one example of an exciting new world just opening to
civilian scientists . . .”; 二是第五段“Other scientists have proposed to use the network for tracking ocean currents and mea-
suring changes in ocean and global temperatures .”
35 .A 解析 : 依据为第三段第 2 行“ . . .as the Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater lis-
第 tening system . . .”。
二
部【参考译文】
分跟踪蓝鲸是一件困难的事。蓝鲸是海洋里最大的生物 , 由于商业性的捕猎几乎灭绝 , 现在被列为濒于灭绝
的物种。给蓝鲸安装上无线设备很困难 , 而视觉的观测太不可靠以至于不能真正洞察其习性。
因此 , 当年初 , 在海军的帮助下 , 生物学家能通过监听声音跟踪一只蓝鲸达 43 天时 , 他们非常高兴。能做
到这一点是因为借助了海军原先遍及海洋的水下监听装置的绝密系统。
随着海军开始分享并部分地揭开全球水下监听系统的秘密 , 给民用科学家在冷战后打开了一个令人激动
的新世界。而跟踪蓝鲸仅仅是其中的一例。建造于过去的几十年中的该系统 , 原先是用来跟踪潜在敌人的船
只的。
地球科学家最近在一次新闻发布会上宣布他们首次利用这个系统对一次深海的火山爆发进行了密切监
测 , 他们计划继续类似的研究。
其他的科学家也建议利用此网络跟踪海洋气流 , 测量海洋的变化以及全球的气温变化。
声音在水里的传播速度约每秒钟一英里———比在陆地上慢 , 但比在空气里传播得快。极为重要的是 , 海水
的不同层面形成声音的通道 , 并给声音定位 , 就像利用听诊器把病人胸腔里的微弱的声音传到医生的耳朵里一
样。甚至海洋里较微弱的声音 , 尤其是低频的声音 , 常常可以传递几千英里。这种聚合是其主要原因。
【词语注释】
civilian[ si vilj n] n .平民 , 百姓 (不在军队或警察部队当中服役 )
大
学 track[ tr k] n .小路 ; 跑道 ; 铁轨 ; 足迹 vt .跟踪 , 追踪
英【难句点拨】
语
四 Tracking whales is but one example of an exciting new world just opening to civilian scientists after the cold war as the
级 Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system built over the decades to track the
考 ships of potential enemies .
试
该复杂句中 “Tracking
, whales is… after the cold war”是主句 , 句中的 opening to…是现在分词短语修饰前面的
历 an exciting new world ; as 连接的时间状语从句一直至最后 , 其中 built 为过去分词 , 作后置定语 , 修饰 underwater lis-
年 tening system。to 引导的不定式短语是 built 的目的状语。
试
题 36 .B 解析 : 四个选项的意思分别为 : A)体育活动 ; B)体育锻炼的场所 ; C) 休闲中心 ; D) 体育培训项目。根据该
详词出现的语境 , 即第一段第 2 行 , 第 3 行可以看出 spas 应该是体育锻炼的场地 , 所以 B 项正确。
解
37 .B 解析 : 依据为第一段第 5 行始“ . . .but rather on weight - training programs designed to develop muscular mass ,
strength , and endurance in their primarily male enthusiasts”.
217
38 .C 解析 : 做对该题关键在于考生需仔细审题 , 特别注意该题的时态是过去时。再依据第一段第 7 行始
“ . . ., since medical opinion suggested that weight - training programs offered few, if any , health benefits, ”可以看出医生原
来的观点是否定的。C 项正确。
39 .A 解析 : 依据是第二段开头“Historically , most physical - fitness have usually included . . ., not for health - related
reasons, but primarily because such fitness components have been related to performance in athletics .”其中 performance in
athletics 对应选项 A 的内容 , 所以说 , A 项为正确答案。
40 .D 解析 : 该题较简单。只需正确理解一句话 , 即可选出正确答案。也就是第二段第 3 行“ However , in recent
years, evidence has shown that training programs . . .might also offer some health benefits as well .”这正是 D 项内容。
【参考译文】
始于二十世纪六十年代末期 , 七十年代初期的健身运动围绕有氧操进行。数百万的人参加了各种各样的
有氧运动。实际上 , 对于这种兴起的对健身的兴趣 , 特别女子有氧健身舞 , 全国建立了上万座健身中心 , 并从中
获利。在有氧健身运动之前 , 全国也有许多健身中心 , 甚至在大多数城市里有连锁点。但是 , 当时的重点不在
有氧运动上 , 而是主要针对男性运动爱好者的体重训练上 , 旨在改善男性的肌肉群 , 增强力量和耐力。这些健第
身中心似乎并没有从这些有氧运动中得到经济的利益 , 因为医学观点认为体重训练几乎对健康无益。然而 , 最二
部
近几年 , 体重训练又在男女中越来越流行。目前的许多健身项目不仅增强力量和耐力 , 而且重点放在有氧健分
身。
过去 , 多数体育健身测试通常包括测试力量和耐力 , 并不是出于与健康有关的原因 , 而是因为这样的健身
要素与体育中的表现有关。但是最近几年 , 有证据表明 , 旨在提高力量和耐力的体重训练项目也可能对身体健
康有益。现在 , 美国运动医学院建议体重训练成为健康的美国人完整的健身运动的一部分。“2000 年健康人”
即“全国增进健康防预疾病目标”有许多具体的体育运动和健身项目 , 而让越来越多的人参与这种训练是其中
之一。
【词语注释】
center[ sent ] n .圆心 , 正中 ; (活动 , 注意力等 ) 中心 v .( around) (把…… ) 集中于
spa[ spa ] n .有矿泉的地方 ; 健美娱乐中心
enthusiast[ in ju zi st ] n .热情的人 ; 热心者 ; 热衷者
【难句点拨】
However , in recent years , evidence has shown that training programs designed primarily to improve muscular strength and
endurance might also offer some health benefits as well .
该句的主体部分是“evidence has shown”。 that 引导的句子直至最后充当 shown 的宾语从句。在这个宾语从
句中 , 主语是 training programs , 谓语是 might also offer“designed
, primarily to…”属过去分词短语 , 作后置定语 , 修饰大
学
前面的主语。英
语
四
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure 级
考
试
41 .D 译文 : 你让你的孩子自己上学是要冒风险的。解析 : 四选项的意思分别是 : A)“ 省略 , 删节 ; 遗漏 , 疏忽”;
如 :The typist omitted the last line of the report .打字员漏打了报告的最后一行。B) ①“系 , 贴 , 连接”; ②“使依恋”, 历
年
如 :She is deeply attached to her family .她对家人有深厚的感情。③“认为有 ( 重要性 , 责任等 )”: Do you attach any
试
importance to what he said ? 你认为他说的话重要吗 ? ④“使附属”。C)“ 买得起 , 担负得起 ; 提供 , 给予”; run a risk 题
表示“冒风险”的意思 , 符合句意。详
解
42 .B 译文 : 他老在这儿 , 你居然没碰到过他 , 真是太奇怪了。解析 : 这是一道略为口语化的考题。四选项的意
思分别是 : A)“ 唯一的 , 独一无二的 ; 极不寻常的”; a unique opportunity 千载难逢的机会。B) ①“奇怪的 , 奇异的”:
218
Strange to say , he was calm .令人奇怪的是 , 他十分镇定。②“陌生的 , 生疏的”; C)“ 稀有的 , 罕见的 ; 珍奇的 , 出类

拔萃的”: He has a rare Roman coin .他有一枚珍稀的古罗马钱币。D)①“奇怪的 , 古怪的”: He is a bit peculiar .他这
个人有点古怪。②“特有的 , 独特的”:Language is peculiar to mankind .语言是人类所特有的。
43 .C 译文 : 零售额有很大增长 , 是吧 ? 解析 : 根据题句中的“There has been…”, 当选 hasn’t there。
44 .B 译文 : 我们想预订一桌 , 今天晚上 , 五个人。解析 : 四选项的意思分别是 : A) ①“保护 , 维持”: preserve order
in the streets 维护街头秩序。preserve our natural resources 保护我们的自然资源。②“保存 , 保藏”; ③“腌制”; B)
“保留 , 留存 ; 预订”; C)“保留 ; 保持”: retain moisture 保持水分 ; D) ①“保持 ; 供养 , 维持 ( 生命等 ) ”: sustain a family
养家 ; ②“支持 , 支撑 ; 遭受 , 经受”。
45 .A 译文 :Fred 尽管才十几岁 , 但对别人的发号施令可能不听。解析 : 根据 resist 后接动名词的用法 , 先排除
C、D 两项 , 再根据句子应选被动 , 构成合理句意。A 项正确。
46 .D 译文 : 欧盟国家一度担忧他们的石油供应不足。解析 : 四选词的意思分别为 : A)“ 精通的 , 熟练的”: profi-
cient in the use of radar equipment 精通雷达设备之使用。B)“效率高的 , 有能力的”: She is a quick efficient secretary .
她是个手脚快 , 效率高的秘书。C)“ 潜在的 , 可能的”: The new tax law has scared away potential investors .新的税法
第吓跑了可能的投资者。D)“ 足够的 , 充分的”: We have sufficient supplies to last through the winter .我们的粮食足够供
二
部一冬之用。
分 47 .B 译文 : 事实上 , 彼得宁愿去旧金山 , 也不愿意留在纽约。解析 : 该题出得有水平。根据 rather 后的 have left
形式 , than 后应接 have stayed 形式 , 套用前面的 have, 答案应该是 stayed。
48 .A 译文 : 他很快得到了提升 , 因为他的上司意识到了他是一个具有相当能力的人。解析 : 四选项的意思分
别是 : A)“ 能力 , 本领 ; 才能 , 才智”: have multiple abilities 有多方面的才能 ; B)“将来 , 未来 , 前景”; 考生可顺便记住
两个词组 : in future 今后 , 从今以后 ; in the future 在将来 ; C) ①“可能 (性 )”: The possibility of breaking the world record
never occurred to him .他从未想到会打破世界纪录。②“可能的事”; D)“ 机会 , 时机”: Opportunity knocks but once .
机不可失 , 时不再来。
49 .B 译文 : 英国是世界上公路交通密度最大的国家。每英里有超过 60 辆汽车。解析 : 四词的意思分别是 :A)
“受大众喜爱 ; 普及 ; 流行 ; 通俗性”:Her books have grown in popularity recently .她的书近来大受欢迎。B)“ 密集 , 稠
密 ; 密度”: The population density is 600 per square mile .人口密度为每平方英里 600 人。C)“ 强烈 , 剧烈 ; 强度”: the
intensity of light 光的强度 ;D)“ 兴旺 , 繁荣”。
50 .D 译文 : 你室友的请求和你的是一样的 , 这怎么回事 ? 解析 : 这也是一道略带口语化的考题。It 在题句中
充当形式主语 , 由 that 引导的句子构成主语从句 , 作句中真正主语。
51 .D 译文 : 依我看 , 他是所有当代诗人中最具想像力的。解析 : 根据句中的最高级 , 只有选择 by far 加以强调 ,
方可构成合理句意。当然 by far 也可修饰比较级。其他诸项的意思分别为 : A “
) 一共 , 总计 ”; B)“ 充其量 , 至
大
学多”; C)“ 尽管”。
英 52 .A 译文 : 他没有时间逐字看报告 ; 他只是浏览了一下。解析 : 四选项的意思分别是 : A)“撇 ( 去) ; 掠过 , 擦过 ;
语
四游览 , 略读”: I only skimmed the headlines of the newspaper every morning .每天早晨我只是约略看一下报纸的大标
级题。B)“ 注意到 , 察觉到 ; 观察 ; 评论 , 评说 ; 遵守 , 奉行”; C)“ 忽视 , 忽略 ; 宽容 ; 俯瞰 , 俯视”; D)“ 看一眼 , 扫视”;
考考生还可记住两个介词短语 : at a glance
“一看就”; at first glance
“乍一看 , 一看就”。
试
53 .D 译文 : 探险队队长激励大家向他学习。解析 : 四选词的意思分别为 : A)“促进 , 发扬 ; 提升 , 提拔 ; 宣传 , 推
历销( 商品等 )”; B)“增强 , 加强 , 增援”: reinforce the law 加强法制 ; C)“ ( off) 触发 , 引起”; D)“ 鼓舞 , 激起 ; 给… 以灵
年感”。
试
题 54 .A 译文 : 多么美妙的派对 ! 值得我终身回忆。解析 : 根据 worth 一词的用法 , 后接 doing 用主动代替被动 , 排
详除 B、C、D 三项。用法类似 need ,want 等。
解
55 .D 译文 : 你愿意谁跟你去 , 乔治还是我 ? 解析 :would rather/ had rather 后接从句中 , 谓语动词用过去时 , 所以
D 项正确。该题在前面考题中已多次考到 , 考生需掌握这一语法。
219
56 .D 译文 : 这本书的总目标是要帮助填平研究和教学之间的鸿沟 , 尤其是研究人员和教师之间的鸿沟。解

析 : 四选项的意思分别是 :A)①“加强的 , 集中的”: Tony who is seriously ill is now in intensive care .托尼病重 , 正在医
院受到特别护理 ; ②“精耕细作的”; B)“简明的 , 简要的”; C)“ 连接的 ; 共同的 , 联合的”: a joint venture 合资企业 ;
D)“ 总体的 , 全面的 , 综合的 ; 全部的”。
57 .C 译文 : 报纸的老板兼编辑即将去参加会议。解析 : 原句中“ editor”一词前没有冠词 , 报纸的 owner 和 editor
实际上是同一个人。所以应该选择谓语的单数形式 , C 项正确。原句中并没有明确的时间表示 , B、D 两项实际
上是无法取舍的 , 所以均可排除。
58 .B 译文 : 我们离开了会议 , 很明显 , 继续逗留没有丝毫意义。解析 : 原句中“we left the meeting”是主句 , 逗号
后应该接动词的分词形式 , 功能为补充说明 , 或伴随状态。there be 的分词形式应该是 there being, 所以 B 项正
确。
59 .B 译文 : 他们的产品往往定价过高 , 且质量低劣。解析 : 四选项的意思分别是 : A)“ 有影响的 , 有权势的”:
This political party is very influential among local villagers .在当地村民中间 , 这政党很有影响力。B)“劣等的 , 次的”:
Products of inferior quality will be rejected .次品将被拒收。C)“ 上级的 ; 较好的 , 优于…的 ; 优良的 ; 有优越感的”; D) 第
“下级的 , 级别低的 ; 次要的 , 从属的”。二
60 .C 译文 : 街坊的男孩喜欢在那块空地上打篮球。解析 : 四个形容词的含义分别是 : A)“有根据的 , 有理的 ; 有部
分
效的 , 具有法律效力的”: The document is not valid without a signature .没有签字 , 文件没有法律效力。B)“ 徒劳的 ,
无效的 ; 自负的 ; ”注意 : in vain 徒然 , 白费力 : If this fighting finally brings peace to the area , the soldiers will not have died
in vain .如果这场战争最终给这一地区带来和平 , 士兵们就不会白白牺牲。C)“ 未被占用的 , 空着的 ; (职位 , 工作
等) 空缺的 ; 茫然的 , 空虚的”; D)“ 含糊的 , 不明确的 , 模糊的”。
61 .A 译文 : 这些人曾经拥有名望和财富 ; 而现在他们所剩下的只有贫穷。解析 : 不定代词后跟定语从句中关
系代用 that, 所以 A 项为正确答案。
62 .B 译文 : 让我们感到庆幸的是 , Geoffrey 的病情证明没有我们所担心的那么严重。解析 : 四选词中 , C、D 两
词与空格前的部分搭配有误 , 无法成立 , 应排除。to our anxiety 表示“让我们感到担忧 , 焦虑的是 …”, 与空格后
句子意思相悖 , 也不正确。 to our relief 意思是“让我们感到庆幸的是…”, 与后面的句子构成合理句意 , 正确。
63 .A 译文 : 许多人钟爱白色 , 因为它是纯洁的象征。解析 : 四选项的意思分别是 : A)“ 符号 , 标志 ; 象征”; Dove
is a symbol of peace .鸽子是和平的象征。B)“ 标记 , 符号 ; 招牌 ; 征兆 , 迹象”; C)“信号 , 暗号 ; 标志 , 表示”;D)“ 症
状 ; 征候 , 征兆”: the symptoms of economic decline 经济衰退的征兆。
64 .D 译文 : 这些居民的家园被那场火灾给毁了 , 他们得到了红十字会的援助。解析 :A、
B 两项缺乏关系词 , 首
先排除。C 项语序有误 , 也错。
65 .C 译文 : 这项研究吸引了广泛的媒体关注 , BBC 电视台“明日世界”栏目对此做过专题报道。解析 : 四选项大
的意思分别是 : A)“信息 , 口信 ; 启示 , 寓意”; B)“ 信息 , 情报 ; 通知 , 告知 ; ”
C)“ ( 用作单或复) 新闻媒介”: The media 学
are covering the election in detail .媒体正在详细报道选举情况。D)“ 数据 , 资料”。英
语
66 .D 译文 : 如果不是如此绝望 , 我绝对不会求助法庭。解析 : 四选项的意思分别是 :A “
) 寻找 , 寻求”; B)“ 说明四
…的原因 ; (在数量 , 比例方面 )占”; 如 : His illness accounts for his absence .他因病缺席。C)“ 开大 , 调大 ; 出现 , 露级
考
面”;D)“求助 , 诉诸”:When polite request failed he resorted to threat .恳求不成 , 他就诉诸威胁。
试
67 .C 译文 : 调查人员一致断定飞机上的全部乘客在飞机坠毁那一刻就已经死亡。解析 : must 后接完成时态 ,
表示对发生在过去的事情的猜测。所以说 C 项符合句意。A 项表示“这些乘客应该死掉 , 而实际上并没有死历
年
亡”, 显然不妥。B 项表示“正在发生”, 不合句意。均应排除。
试
68 .B 译文 : 由链式反应所释放的能量被转化为热。解析 : 四选词的意思分别为 : A)“ 搬 , 转移 ; 调动 , 转学 ; 转题
让 , 过户”; B)“ 释放 , 排放 ; 解除 , 解脱 ; 放开 , 松开 ; 发布 , 发行”; C)“ 投递 , 送交 ; 发表 , 宣布 ; 给 ( 产妇 ) 接生”;D) 详
解
“表达 , 传达 ; 运送 , 输送”。
69 .C 译文 : 回顾他们的工作将使我们更好地体会这两个学派之间的巨大差异。解析 : D 项语态有误 , 首先排
220
除。该句表示一般性建议 ,A、
B 两项时态不妥 , 所以 C 项为正确答案。
70 .C 译文 : 在加工过程中 , 需要十分小心 , 以保护柔软的丝绸免遭损坏。解析 : 四选项的意思分别是 : A)“ ( to)
敏感的 , 灵敏的 ; 神经过敏的 , 容易生气的”; B)“ 嫩的 ; 疼痛的 ; 温柔的”: give a tender look 含情脉脉地望了一眼 ;
C)“ 易碎的 , 脆弱的 ; 微妙的 ; 娇弱的 , 纤细的 ; 精灵的 , 雅致的”;D)“明智的 , 合情理的”。
S1 .Children’s intelligence was more influenced by parents than by teachers /. Parents influence children’s intelligence far
more than teachers do ./ Parents have greater influence than the school /. Parents’influence is greater than the school’s .
S2 .They are established well before the age of six /. They are established well before the child enters school .
S3 .Science subjects ./ In science ./ In subjects such as science .
S4 .Because they were told not to educate their children /. Because parents/ they were warned/ told/ asked not to educate/ teach
their children ./ Educators asked them not to educate their children .
第
二 S5 .teach their children reading at home .
部
分
Part Ⅴ Writing

范文 1 :
According to the bar chart ,we can figure out the average number of hours a student spends on the computer soared dra-
matically during the past decade , from nearly 2 hours per week to almost 20 hours per week .Even though there was no magnifi-
cent change in the early five years , only twice as many as 2 hours in 1995 .In 2000 , the percentage shot up to almost 500 % .
These changes occurred for several reasons, such as economy growth , wide spread using computers , Internet and lower
price of computers .Few students owned or worked on the computer in 1990 , because it was too expensive for them to afford or
get access to .In 1995 , with the rapid development in financial and industrial field , the computers were widely used .After that
the boom in IT estate accelerated the production of computers .The larger scale those enterprises, the lower price the computers
would be .
Nevertheless, every story has two sides .There are plenty of problems exist in it . For instance , some college students are
addicted to the internet cafe instead of concentrating on their studies; some of them depend on computer excessively , they lose
大
学 their creativities .All of these problems need us to resolve urgently .
英
语
四
级范文 2 :
考 Since 1990 , there has been tremendous growth in the use of computers by students .While in 1990 , the average number of
试
hours a student spent on the computer was about one hour per week , this number grew to nearly four hours per week by 1995 ,
历 and to approximately 20 hours per week by the year 2000 .
年 This significant growth in the use of computers by students in the 1990’s can be attributed to several factors, including
试
题 widespread usage , lower prices , and technological and social developments .Nowadays , computers are widely used by students
详 for word processing , book keeping ,multimedia presentations , and access to the Internet for both research and communications .
解 Additionally , since 1990 , due to competition and technological advances, computer hardware and software prices, as well as In-
ternet usage charges have dropped significantly .Finally, technological developments and changes in social habits in the 1990’
221
s have played a major role in this tremendous growth in the use of computers .Today’s society relies heavily on computers for
immediate access to the news and for entertainment , including, listening to music ,watching movies and sport events, and play-
ing computer games .
While computers are of great assistance to the students, and therefore, are indispensable tools , they also pose some chal-
lenges .The biggest challenge that many students face is discipline in the use of this powerful device .That is , students need to
have the discipline of not allowing themselves to be lured by the entertaining aspects of this wonderful tool - aspects that can
result in addiction to computer games or viewing of undesirable material on the Internet .That is to say , students need to use
this powerful tool with great wisdom !
第
二
部
分
大
学
英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
222
Section A
1 .M: Mary ,would you join me for dinner tonight ?
W :You treated me last weekend .Now, it’s my turn .Shall we try something Italian ?
2 .W :Good afternoon .I’m calling to inquire about the 4 - bedroom house you advertised in the newspaper .
M: I’m sorry .It was already sold .
Q: What do we learn about the house from the conversation ?
3 .W :John ,What are you doing on your computer ? Don’t you remember your promise ?
第 M: This is not the game .It’s only a crossword puzzle that helps increase my vocabulary .
二
部 Q: What is the probable relationship between the speakers ?
分 4 .M: Do you still keep in touch with your parents regularly after all these years ?
W :Yes , of course .I call them at weekends when the rates are down 50 % .
Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation ?
5 .M: Hurry ! There’s the bus coming .
W :Why run ? There’ll be another one in 2 or 3 minutes .
6 .M: Wow .That’s the big assignment we got for the English class .
W :Well, it’s not as bad as it looks .It isn’t due until Thursday morning .
7 .W :Hello , is that Steve ? I’m stopping in the traffic jam .I’m afraid I can’t make it before 7 o’clock .
M: Never mind .I will be here waiting for you .
8 .M: You really seem to enjoy your literature class .
W :You’re right .It has opened a new world for me .I’m exposed to the thoughts of some of the world’s best writers .I’ve
never read so much in my life .
大
学 Q: What does the woman mean ?
英 9 .W :Listen to me , Joe .The exam is already a thing of the past .J ust forget about it .
语
M: That’s easier said than done .
四
级 Q: What can we infer from the conversation ?
考 10 .M: I hear you drive a long way to work everyday .
试
W: Oh , yes .It is about 60 miles , but it doesn’t seem that far .The road is not bad and there is not much traffic .
历 Q: How does the woman feel about driving to work ?
年 Section B
试
题 It’s difficult to imagine the sea ever running out of fish .It’s so vast , so deep , so mysterious .Unfortunately, it’s not bot-
详 tomless .Overfishing , coupled with destructive fishing practices, is killing off the fish and ruining their environment .
解
Destroy the fish , and you destroy the fishermen’s means of living .At least 60 percent of the world’s commercially impor-
tant fish species are already over - fished , or fished to the limit .As a result, governments have had to close down some areas of
223
sea to commercial fishing .

Big , high - tech fleets ensure that everything in their path is pulled out of water .Anything too small, or the wrong thing ,
is thrown back either dead or dying .That’s an average of more than 20 million metric tons every year .
When you consider that equals a quarter of the world catch , you begin to see the size of the problem .
In some parts of the world , for every kilogram of prawns( 对虾) caught , up to 15 kilograms of unsuspecting fish and other
marine wildlife die , simply for being in the wrong place at the wrong time .
True , some countries are beginning to deal with this problem, but it’s vital we find a rational way of fishing, before every
ocean becomes a dead sea .
Before every ocean becomes a dead sea , it would make sense to give the fish enough time to recover , grow to full size and
reproduce, then catch them in a way that doesn’t kill other innocent sea life .
1 .B 解析 : 关键要听懂 treated ,my turn , try something Italian 等词语。
2 .D 解析 : 关键要听懂 It was already sold .= It is no longer available .
3 .D 解析 : 注意对话双方的说话语气和女子使用句型 Don’t you remember your promise ? 及男子的解释 , not a 第
game, a crossword puzzle , help increase vocabulary 等。二
部
4 .B 解析 : call = phone ; 注意听到 the rates are down 后不要选含有“rates”的 D 和“ are down”的 C。分
5 .A 解析 : another bus = next bus, ( is coming) soon = in 2 or 3 minutes .
6 .D 解析 : It isn’t due until . . .到…才到期( 作业才要交) 。
7 .B 解析 : 由 make it before 7 o’clock , I will be here waiting for you 及交通受阻、电话通报的情景 , 可推知他们约定
七点见面 ; 注意 jam 的同音干扰 (C)。
8 .A 解析 : 由 open a new world , be exposed to the thoughts 及 never read so much 等概括得知。
9 .C 解析 : 由女子 a thing of the past 和 just forget about it 可知她在安慰男子 , 再由男子 easier said than done“ 说起
来容易做起来难”这一特殊句式得知男子考试不理想 , 现在改变心情不容易。
10 .B 解析 : 由女子话中 not seem that far , not bad , not much traffic 概括出两个要点 : ①开车上班她不在乎② 原因 :
路况不错。
S1 :mysterious S2 : coupled S3 : ruining S4 : percent S5 : species
S6 : ensure S7 : average
S8 :When you consider that equals a quarter of the world catch , you begin to see the size of the problem .
S9 :some countries are beginning to deal with this problem , but it is vital we find rational ways of fishing .
S10 : It would make sense to give the fish enough time to recover , grow to full size and reproduce .
大
学
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension 英
语
四
11 .A 解析 : 由题干 although . . .different cultures 确定本题涉及第二段内容要点 ( Despite differences in cultures ) , 故级
答案为 A。考
试
12 .C 解析 : 由题干关键词 high - voltage transformers 确定本题问及第四段的内容要点 , 由该段内容概括出答案
为 C, 注意选项 A 涉及短文最后一段 , 不合题意。历
年
13 .B 解析 : 题干中提及的 Madonna 和 Michael Jackson 在第五段提及 , 该段主题为英雄的人生价值和意义 , 并在
试
为谁服务这个问题上又分了英雄和名人 , 而本题所提到的两人仅为名人 ( Madonna 和 Michael Jackson 是著名歌题
星) , 不是英雄 , 因为他们一生的演出和表演仅为自己的名利奋斗 , 没有使他们的歌迷们的人生更为充实 , 即第详
解
五段最后一句要点。
14 .B 解析 : 本题提及的 Gandi 和 Martin Luther King 在短文最后一个层次提及 , 并作为英雄的典范 , 该层次的要
224
点为最后一段第三句 : They have the skill and charm to move the masses 及最后一句中的 magnetic personalities。
15 .A 解析 : 问及结论一般均可从短文结尾处寻找答案 , 根据题干中 historical changes 确定答案依据为短文最后
一句 , 也即英雄推动历史前进的作用 , 故不难确定正确答案为 A, 选项 C 不确切 , 因为根据最后一句 , 不管英雄
是否存在 , 历史变化都会出现 , 只是变革快慢不同。
【参考译文】
与许多同龄人一样 , 我们都特别崇拜英雄。然而 , 有时候我们又质疑我们的英雄和我们对他们的需要。我
们不禁会问 : 什么是英雄 ?
尽管有巨大的文化差异 , 但全世界的英雄都有一些能给人们以指导、激励的共同特征。
英雄人物做了一些值得一谈的事情。英雄有值得一讲的传奇经历 , 人们愿意倾听。但英雄人们不仅仅是
声名显著。
英雄人物提供的力量和榜样作用远大于其自己本身。就像高压变压器 , 英雄们带来高压电能 , 再将其转为
低压电 , 这样普通人就可以使用。
英雄的生活值得效仿。那些效仿英雄的人将经历一种更有深度、激情和意义的生活。对于想做英雄的人
第来说 , 检验标准是 : 他们是为谁或为什么而努力 ? 他们愿意过怎样的生活、愿意为什么而献身 ? 如果答案 ( 或事
二
部实证明) 是他们仅仅是为了自己的名气努力 , 那他们可能是名人 , 而不是英雄 , 麦当娜和迈克尔・杰克逊很有名 ,
分但谁能说他们的歌迷因此发现生活更有意义 ?
英雄是变革的催化剂 , 他们高瞻远瞩。他们有能力、有魅力发动群众。他们创造了新的可能性。没有甘
地 , 印度可能还是大英帝国的殖民地 ; 要不是派克斯・罗萨和马丁・路德・金 , 我们可能还存在实施种族隔离的巴
士、饭店、公园。虽然即使没有卓越的领导人也会发生深刻、巨大的变革 , 但这种变革的速度可能会减慢 , 前景
会不大确定 , 争论会变得无休无止。
【词语注释】
worship[ w ip] vt /. n .①崇拜 , 崇敬②敬奉 , 信奉
would - be[ wudbi ] adj .想要成为的 , 自称自许的 , 自充的 n .想要成为…人
【难句点拨】
It may be possible for largescale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities , but the pace of change
would be slow, the vision uncertain , and the committee meetings endless .
首先这是一个由四个分句构成的并列句 , 其中第 3 、第 4 个分句为使句子精炼省略了动词。
第 1 个分句中 it 是形式主语 , 真正的主语是不定式结构 to occur……。
16 .A 解析 : 由题干及四个选项的结构 , 本题的命题要点指向短文第一段 , 而该段的核心内容就是 more materi-
大 alistic than at any time , 即 A。

学 17 .B 解析 : 由题干中的 major 确定本题命题范围在第二段 , 根据对该段要点的理解 , 可判断学生选择专业的标
英准与“be financially well off”有关 , 再根据短文第一层次学生实利主义倾向比较严重这一主题 , 即可确定答案。
语
四 18 .D 解析 : 根据这一长句所在段落及句子本身的结构 , 信息重点在 it is equally true that … be they scientific or
级 artistic 这一部分 , 即强调人类文明积累了大量除我们专业以外的其他知识 , 而且不管我们学理科还是学文科 ,
考如能理解其他的这些文明贡献 , 我们就更好。
试
19 .B 解析 : 由题干关键词确定本题指向第五段最后两句涉及的要点。
历 20 .D 解析 : 根据本题四个选项及与短文主题的关系 , 正确答案应当是 D, 因为短文通篇批评的就是那种关注
年
眼前利益的 short - sightedness。虽然 B 在最后一段的实例中提及 , C 在第四段也提及 , 但两者均不得短文的主
试
题题。而 A 则批评得太笼统。
详
解
225
【参考译文】
根据以 188 , 000 多名学生的答卷为基础的调查 , 当今的大学新生比这项民意测验开始以来的 17 年中的任
何时候的大学新生都“更主张物质主义 , 但少了点利他主义”。
在这些经济不景气的年代 , 学生们的主要目标是想“在经济上富裕一点。而培养一种有意义的人生哲学 ,
则比过去任何时候更显得不那么重要了。”这一情况并不让人感到惊奇。因此 , 如今最受欢迎的课程不是文学
或历史 , 而是会计学。
如今人们对当教师、社会服务和利他主义的兴趣都处于低潮。另一方面 , 攻读商科、工程学及计算机科学
的学生人数却在迅速增加。
这也不是令人意外的事。我的一个朋友 (一个化工公司的销售代理 ) 在干这份工作的第一年所挣的钱就已
是大学教师薪水的两倍了———这甚至还是在她修完 2 年制的准学士学位课程之前的事。
虽然我们所有人都确实需要一份工作 , 但同样确实的是我们的文明已经在远远超越我们积压在业务的领
域里积累了数量惊人的知识。而且正因为我们理解了这些在其他领域的贡献———不管它们是科学方面的 , 还
是艺术方面的贡献———我们才变得更有本领了。同样确实的还有 , 我们在了解他人的各种各样的智慧时 , 自己第
也学会了如何去思考。也许重要的是 , 教育使我们视野开阔 , 超越了眼前的需求 , 并使我们看到了事物间的联二
系。部
分
我们每周都在报纸上读到 , 工会在为要求更高的工资而罢工 , 结果却只是使他们的老板破了产。没有了公
司 , 也就没有了工作岗位。从长远角度来看 , 他们的目光是何等的短浅 !
但是赞成宽泛教育的最重要的理由是 , 在学习世世代代积累起来的知识的同时 , 我们也提高了自己的道德
感。最近我看了一部动画片 , 片子描述了一批坐在会议圆桌周围、看上去迷惑不解的商人。他们中的一个正在
内部设备上讲话 “巴克斯特小姐
: , ”他说 “是否可以请您叫一个能明辨是非的人来
, ?”
从长远的观点来看 , 这才是教育真正应该具有的。
【词语注释】
poll[ p ul ] n .①民意测验② [常 pl .] 政治选举 , 大选 vt .①对…进行民意测验②获得( …张选票)
shortsighted[ tsaitid] adj .近视的 , 眼光短浅的
distinguish[ dis ti wi ] vt .①区分 , 辨别②看清 , 听出③ (oneself)使杰出 , 使扬名
【难句点拨】
1 .Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life .
这是一个否定型倒装结构。
2 .While it’s true that we all need a career , it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount
of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions——— 大
be they scientific or artistic . 学
While it’s true that we all need a career 是让步状语从句 , 其中 it 是形式主语 , 真正的主语是 that 引导的主语从英
语
句 that we all need a career。四
主句是 and 连接的两个并列句 , 其中 it 也是形式主语。级
考
21 .D 解析 : 从短文第一段第四句中 benefit , enhanced , 第四段 thanks to . . ., inexpensive 等褒义词语的使用 , 作者
试
对高科技通讯设备的积极态度显而易见。
22 .C 解析 : 由题干中关键词 high - tech communication equipment 和 businesspeople 确定本题答案指向短文第二历
年
段 , 而这一段的中心内容是海外业务发展的经济价值及对国内业务的促进作用。
试
23 .C 解析 : 本题引述的短语出现在第三段 , 该短语本意是“眼不见 , 心不烦”, 但在这一特殊的上下文 , 由于现题
代高科技通讯设备 , 派驻海外的管理人员不会因国内公司老板看不到自己而想不到提拔自己。相反 promotions 详
解
often follow or accompany an assignment abroad( 该段第 3 句) 。
24 .B 解析 : 结合短文主题 , 特别是第五、六段有关要点 , 可推知跨国公司在聘用人员时一个重要的考虑应当是
226
除英语以外能否说公司所在国的语言。
25 .A 解析 : 本题答案涉及短文第六段要点归纳 : an opportunity to fast - forward certain negotiations , have the cultural
insight to know when it is better to move more slowly , 故选 A。
【参考译文】
新技术将这个世界前所未有地联系了起来。地球变小了。它成了“地球村”, 在这里国家之间通过传真或电
话或卫星联系 , 只有数秒的距离。自然 , 由于掌握了外语 , 我们从这种尖端通讯设备获益的能力大大加强了。
对这种新技术依赖最大的是那帮现代商人 , 他们日益重视对外贸易的经济价值。在现代市场经济中 , 海外
的成功往往有助于为国内商业提供支持。
在海外任职对管理人员的提升来说日益重要 , 派往国外的经理不必再担心“不被注意或不被考虑”。他们
可以确信 : 在国外的任务对公司计划的成功至关重要 , 提升往往跟随或伴随着被委派到国外。如果一个员工能
胜任国外艰巨的任务 , 上司将对其回美国后处理事情的能力极具信心———在美国 , 越来越多地要考虑到多元文
化和外语问题。
由于许多比较廉价的通讯工具运用于商业 , 在美国连小公司也能投身到国际市场。
第英语依旧是国际性的商业语言。但是对掌握其他语言的人才的需求日益增强。第二语言不再通常只是在
二
部商业界求职时所需 , 而且掌握语言技能会使一个候选人在其他资格相当的情况下具有优势。派往国外、会讲该
分国官方语言的员工可能会加快某些谈判的进展 , 其具有的文化背景知识使他知道什么时候该放慢速度。公司
总能与外国客户很好地通过电话、传真进行交流的员工无疑是公司的财富。
【词语注释】
shrink[ ri k] vi .①起皱 , 收缩②退缩 , 畏缩 vt .使起皱 , 使收缩
enhance[ in h ns] vt .提高 , 增加 , 增强
assignment [ sainm nt ] n .① (分派的 )任务 , ( 指定的 )作业②分配 , 指派
asset[ set] vt .①有价值的人 (或物 ) , 优点 , 长处② [常 pl .] 资产 , 财产
【难句点拨】
The employee posted abroad who speaks the country’s principal language has an opportunity to fast - forward certain ne-
gotiations , and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly .
首先该句是 and 连接的并列句 ; 第一个分句是主从复合句 :who speaks the country’s principal language 做定语
修饰 The employee ; 第二个分句则带一个时间状语从句 :when it is better to move more slowly。
26 .A 解析 : 由短文主题及第一段要点 , 尤其是第一段第 3 句 , 不难推知答案为 A, 而本题中选项 B、
C、D 干扰系
数并不大 , 故本题虽属推论题 , 但并不难。
27 .C 解析 : 由短文主题及第一段最后一句及第二段内容 , 可推知高水准的服务水平需要“竞争”。而消费者申
大
学诉是否得到重视 (A) , 是否有大量外国公司进入国内市场 (B)和是否对雇员进行严格的常规训练 ( D) , 相对而言
英不是作者要强调的要点。
语
四 28 .D 解析 : 本题涉及对短文第二段第五句的理解 , 应用于实际 , 即答案 D。
级 29 .D 解析 : 本题涉及短文第二段最后关于 El Al 航空公司的事例 , 本例说明的是员工再培训对公司竞争力提
考高的重要性。
试
30 .B 解析 : 根据题干 , 本题答题出处应在第二段第二至第四句 , 这一层次涉及的要点是“the revengeful con-
历 sumer”。
年【参考译文】
试
题近年来 , 随着收入水平的提高和经验的增加 , 以色列消费者越来越挑剔了。出国旅游变热了 ; 仅今年夏天
详就有十分之一的以色列人去了国外。由于在其他地方见识了高水准的服务 , 以色列人回国后希望也能享受到
解
同样的服务。美国公司也已经开始大量进入以色列。肯德基、麦当劳、必胜客等连锁店正在制定新的顾客服务
标准 , 通过严格的员工培训和不间断监控措施确保一线服务人员的友好、礼貌。连美国人在客人离店时说“祝
227
您愉快”的习惯也被照搬到了以色列。一家咨询公司的经理 Itsik Cohen 说 “没有人早晨醒来就说

: ‘让我做得更
:
好。’要没有竞争 , 什么也不会发生。”
私有化 , 或者私有化的威胁 , 也是动力之一。以前对待客户随意的垄断者现在开始担心“报复的消费
者”———市场营销学教授 Michael Perry 如此称呼。当政府放开竞争后 , Pezaq———一家电话公司———它的国际部
失去了 40% 的市场份额 , 尽管它提出了具有竞争力的价格。Perry 说 “人们想报复它
: 多年来的劣质服务。”电力
公司———它垄断的日子不会长久了———突然间不再让人白花半天时间等待修理工。现在 , 半小时就能提供服
务。原先服务恶劣的 ELA1 航空公司正在拍卖之中 , 也严格要求其员工重视服务 , 并在广告中用如下口号吹嘘
其结果 “
: 在空中你能感受到这种变化。”在顾客意见簿上 , 对它的表扬首次超过了抱怨。
【词语注释】
worldly - wise adj .世故的 , 老于世故的
motivation[ m uti vei n] n .动机的形成 ; 促动因素 , 动力
schedule [ sked u l , edju l] n .①时刻表 , 日程安排表②清单 , 明细表 vt .安排 , 排定
【难句点拨】第
Chains such as KFC ,McDonald’s and Pizza Hut are setting a new standard of customer service , using strict employee 二
部
training and constant monitoring to ensure the friendliness of frontline staff . 分
using……是一个分词结构做方式状语 , 其中不定式 to ensure……在这个方式状语中做目的状语。
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary
31 .D 译文 : 这个犯罪可能非常复杂 , 要过数月乃至数年才会被发现。解析 : 本题测试 : 时间状语从句中将来助

动词 will 的省略。
32 .B 译文 : 虽然生长在大城市 , 彼得总喜欢描写乡村生活的原始风光。解析 : 本题中 , 所选动词用于 though 引
导的省略句 , 故应用及物动词的被动式 , 以 Peter 作其逻辑主语 , 由此可知 , A) vt .种植 ; vi .成长 ; C) vt .照顾 , 护理
和 D)vt .培养均不合题意。
33 .C 译文 : 这位粗心的人因超速而被罚款 (get/ receive a ticket ) 。他不该把车开得这么快。解析 : 本句中 , can’t
和 mustn’t + 完成式表示“不可能”; wouldn’t + 完成式常用于虚拟结果句 ; shouldn’t + 完成式则表示“本来不该
…”。
34 .B 译文 : 如果感到没有希望 , 人们不会去刻意掌握成功所必需的技能。解析 : 本题中与宾语 skills 搭配 , 只
有 B) acquire
“获得 , 得到 , 掌握”。A)“采纳 , 收养”; C)“积累 ( 知识) , 积累 (财富 )”;D)“使 ( 人、物 )聚集 ; 装配”。
大
35 .C 译文 : 如果当时我在学校刻苦用功的话 , 现在我就可能正坐在舒适的办公室里。解析 : 本句中 , 条件句中学
的时间通过 at school 隐含 ; 一般而言 , 条件结果如果时间不一致 , 则条件必然在前 , 结果必然在后。英
语
36 .A 译文 : 该店员因被指控欺骗顾客而被解雇。解析 : 本题中 , A、
B、C 均有“指控、指责、责备”之意 , 但搭配不
四
同 : accuse sb .of , charge sb .with , scold sb .for , 可知答案为 A 的原由。级
37 .D 译文 : 她的精力全部倾注于她的孩子身上———对其他一切她似乎都没时间顾及。解析 : 本题的关键是选考
试
项中动词与介词 upon 的搭配。A)guide sth ./ sb .to ; B) aim sth .at; C) direct sth .to/ towards ;D)focus sth .on/ upon。
38 .A 译文 : 穿越山区时 , 人人都带上枪支 , 以免遭野兽袭击。解析 : 本题中的关键词是 lest , 从句中谓语动词通历
年
常用原形或 should + 动词原形。
试
39 .B 译文 : 每个人都有权享受一种较好的生活水准 , 并有权获得受教育的机会。解析 : 本题中后接介词 to 的题
选项可以是 A 或 B, 但 A) attribute( …to) 表示“归根 , 归因于…”; B) entitle ( … to) 表示“赋予… 权力 , 使…有权…”; 详
解
“把 A 与 B 视为等同”, identify( as)“鉴定 , 认出”;D) justify( … sb .in doing sth .)“ 证明 ( sb 做某事 )
C) identify A with B
是合理的”。
228
40 .C 译文 : 她老婆老是和他挑剔 , 这使他非常生气。解析 : find fault with sb “挑

. 剔 sb .”是一个固定成语 , 其他
选项 A)“ 错误”; B)“缺点”和 D)“ 瑕疵 , 缺陷”均不能套用。
41 .D 译文 : 维生素是人体所需要的微量复杂物质。解析 : 本题中四个选项中 A、B、D 均表示“物质 , 物体”, 是
近义词 , 只有 C) particle“ 微粒”明显与其他选项不同。A) matter 为物理学上的“物质”; B) material 指用以加工而后
生成新东西的“原料、材料”; D) substance 指化学意义上的“物质”, 或 ( 相对于只能听、看、想象的)“实体”。
42 .C 译文 : 除了照看孩子之外 , 她还得承担挑水、背柴等繁重而耗时的家务。解析 : 用作定语的复合形容词有
多种构成方式 , 其中一种是内部为动宾关系的“n . + doing”结构 , 如 an energy - saving machine , a time - killing activi-
ty 等。
43 .D 译文 : 安娜正在读一篇科幻小说 , 对外界一切全然没有感觉。解析 : be lost to 为一固定成语 , 意为因全神
贯注于某事而“对…完全感觉不到”, 本题中空格部分表示补充说明 , 只能用过去分词形式 ; having been lost 通常
强调时间或原因 , to be lost 通常表示目的。
44 .D 译文 : 警察正努力确认在该交通事故中丧生的那位女子的身份。解析 : 由上下文 police , accident 和 killed
等词可确定这里要寻找的是“身份”, 而非 A)“ 证据”, B)“承认”或 C)“地位”。
第 45 .A 译文 : 所有人都有一个用以调整他们与交谈对方所保持的距离的舒适空间。解析 : 在结构 keep . . .from
二
部中 , 只有 A)“ 距离”合适。B)“ 范围”; C)“ 变动/ 波动范围”; D)“边界 , 分界线”。
分 46 .B 译文 : 我们已作出了一个与广告商进行大力宣传的活动。解析 : publicity campaign 专指广告宣传活动。
A)“ 斗争”; C)“战斗”;D)“ 冲突”。
47 .C 译文 : 要不是他们组的协助 , 我们不可能在调查中取得成功。解析 : 句中是典型的虚拟语气 , 故 C 为答
案。B)regardless of
“不顾”, D) despite“ 尽管”。
48 .D 译文 : 睡眠过程虽已有不少情况为人所熟悉 , 但睡眠及其各个不同阶段的确切功能在很大程度上却仍处
于假设范围。解析 : 前后两分句显然有转折 , while 用于句首 , 相当于 although。
49 .D 译文 : 约翰不相信传统医学 , 他自己有一些特有的疗法。解析 : 本题中 , 能修饰 medicine( 医学 , 医药 ) 的只
有 D) conventional
“传统上 , 正式的”; C)routine“常规的”, 虽可用以表示 routine medical treatment , routine operation( 常
规治疗 , 常规手术) , 但不能修饰 medicine。
50 .A 译文 : 由于航空公司间的激烈竞争 , 旅游费用已大大下降。解析 : 本题中要一个修饰 competition( 竞争 ) 的
形容词 , 当然只有 A)“ 激烈的”能与之在语义上搭配。B)“ strained 紧张的 , 过度疲劳的”; C) eager“急切的 ”; D)
critical 关键的”。
51 .A 译文 : 他们总是把空的座位让给任何先来的人。解析 : 空档处的词既作介词 to 的宾语 , 又作动词 comes
的主语 , 充当这种双重成分的只能为 A) whoever 或 B) whomever , 决定用 A 还是用 B 可用 anyone who/ whom 来判
大断 , 如空档处应当用 anyone who, 选 A; 如空档处该填 anyone whom, 则选 B。换言之 , 决定选 whoever 还是 whomever
学应看它在后面从句中作什么成分。
英 52 .B 译文 : 在非洲 , 对那些有幸上学的人来说 , 教育费用非常低廉。解析 : 对于“上大学”的人来说当然是“很
语
四幸运”的( B) )fortunate) ;A) ambitious“有抱负的 , 有野心的”; C) aggressive“ 有进取心的 , 咄咄逼人的”; D) substantial
级 “坚实的 , 相当可观的 , 实质上的”。
考 53 .B 译文 : 王教授以其信息量大的讲座而著称 , 受到了学生们的热烈欢迎。解析 : 后接介词 for 时 , 一定用
试
known , known for 相当于 famous for , 本句中作 Professor Wang 的非限制性定语。
历 54 .A 译文 : 我们的经理这会儿在会见一位重要客户 , 但他下午将回来。解析 : A) call on sb “拜访
. , 会见”; B) call
年 in sb“把
. sb .叫进来”; C) call up sb “打电话给
. sb .”; call for sth“需要
. , 要求”。
试
题 55 .C 译文 : 消防车必须享有优先通过权 , 因为它通常得处理某种紧急情况。解析 : A) precaution“预防措施 , 预
详防方法”; B) crisis
“危机”; C) emergency“紧急情况 , 突发事件”; D)urgency”急迫性 , 紧迫性”。
解
56 .A 译文 : 他说司机一定出了事 , 要不然那时他应该已经到了。解析 : 题中第一分句提示动作发生时间在过
去 , 第二分句的 otherwise 是虚拟语气的隐含条件 , 相当于 if he hadn’t had an accident .
229
57 .A 译文 : 电影给人提供一种对各种人性和情感的深刻的洞察力。解析 : 本题中与介词 into 搭配 , 用 insight ,

insight into . . .表示“对…深刻的了解”; B) imagination“想象力”; C)fancy“想象 (力 ) , 幻想 (力 )”;D) outlook“世界观”。
58 .C 译文 : 这些做法应该马上结束了。解析 : CET4 中 , 常考 it is high/ about time 这一虚拟句式 , 从句中只能用
动词的过去形式。
59 .B 译文 : 只要公共交通费用收得更为合理 , 城市交通拥挤的现象就会大大得到缓解。解析 : 题中四个选项
均有“付费”之意。与交通相关的总是用 B) fares。fees 指其它尤其是私人服务的“收费”, 如律师费 , 报名费等 ;
payments 指“支付的款额 , 报偿 , 酬金”; costs 指“成本 , 代价”。
60 .B 译文 : 医生曾几乎失去了信心 , 但该病人最后渡过危机 , 恢复了健康。解析 : pull out“( 车 ) 出站 ; 摆脱困
境”; pull through“ 渡过危机 , 恢复健康”; pull up“ ( 车) 停电 ; 拔除”; pull over“ (车 ) 驶到路边 ; 套上( 衣服 )”。
Part Ⅳ Cloze
61 .C 解析 : 基于短文主题 , 这里指语言的“交际”这一功能 , 而非分类 ( A) , 定义 (B) , 或感知( D)。第

二
62 .A 解析 : 这里强调句 it is language . . .that . . .中的强调连词。部
63 .D 解析 : 句意理解“人区别于其他动物”的是人的语言。分
64 .B 解析 : 根据上下文语义 , 这里指其他动物是“通过/ 借助”叫声相互交流的 , by way of( 不用复数 ways ) 表示
“经过 , 通过”,methods 或 approaches 不用于 by . . .of 结构。
65 .C 解析 : 上下文理解 : at the approach of danger“在危险逼近时”, 当时是“提醒 , 警告”的叫声 ; 而非 A) mating“求
偶”的叫声。
66 .C 解析 : 由下文 such as . . .的内容 , 应可确定猴子能发出不少“different”叫声 ; 而非 A) identical“相同”、B) simi-
lar“相似”或 D) unfamiliar
“不熟悉”。
67 .A 解析 : 完形填空中连词的选项必须基于语篇层次上上下文的理解 , 空档处出现语意转换 : 上文谈动物也
能发出各种用于交际的叫声 ; 下文谈动物叫声与人语言交际的本质不同。其实这里的空档还与本段第一句中
的插入语“it is true”相呼应 , 形成“it is true . . .but”的让步转折结构。
68 .C 解析 : differ( in . . .)from . . .。
69 .D 解析 : 根据与宾语 thoughts and feelings, 确定答案为 D) express , 而不是 A) infer
“推论”; B) explain“解释”或 C)
“解释”。
interpret
70 .B 解析 : 根据动词句型～ sb .to do sth ., 只有 A 和 B 正确 , 再根据上下文 , 应表示这种结构“能使我们…”而不
是“鼓励我们…”; enforce 意为“执行、实施 ( 法律 ) ”; ensure( sb .sth .或 that )意为“保证、确保”。
大
71 .C 解析 : 根据句意及下一段内容 , 这种( 语法 )结构能使我们将人说出来的话语 utterance 分解成有意识的小学
单位 , 即 C) words ;A) speeches 范畴比 utterance 更大 ; B) sounds 通常可以指没有意义的声音 , 而 D)voices 则指嗓音 , 英
语
意见等 , 不属语言分析范畴。
四
72 .A 解析 : 根据句型搭配～one word with( another)即可确定用 replacing , 其它几个选项中的动词均不与介词 with 级
搭配。考
试
73 .C 解析 : 代词 another 与 one(word) 关联使用。
74 .B 解析 : 本句中的连词结构模式为 a soldier who can . . ., and who can . . .say“ . . .”or“ . . .”; but a bird . . . .所选历
年
连词连接两个并列定语从句 , 表示意思的组合 , 而不是转折或选择。
试
75 .C 解析 : 空档处为非限制性定语从句的关系代词。题
76 .C 解析 : 近义词辨异 : signs 为“符号或标记”, 通常为静态的 ; gestures 指“手势、示意动作”; signals 为“( 传递信详
解
息的视觉、听觉) 信号”; marks 意为“标记”。
77 .A 解析 : a case in point“一个恰当的例子”。
230
78 .A 解析 : 前后两分句并列 , 语意互为对照 ,whereas; C) anyhow 意为“反正”; somehow 表示“不知怎么地”。

79 .C 解析 : 基于上下文及对人类语言的理解 , 语言中可能由人说出的句子数目应当是“无限的 limitless ( = un-
limited) ”, 这于上文本段第一句中的 limited 相呼应 ; A) boundless 表示范围或程度的“无限”; B) changeable“ 易变
的”;D) ceaseless
“无休止的 , 不停的”。
80 .D 解析 : 近义词辩异 : 根据上下文 , 此处表示动物叫声在意思上往往很“不具体、笼统、不明确”, 即 general ;
而不是 A)ordinary“普通”或 C) common“ 常见的 , 熟悉的”; 更不是 B) alike
“相像的”。
Part Ⅴ Writing
It Pays to Be Honest
范文 1 :
Nowadays dishonesty is a common phenomenon in society .Many good - hearted doctors, for example ,would not tell dying
patients about their real condition .And poor students tend to cheat on exams .Also, greedy advertisers, armed with misleading
第
二 advertisements, may lure customers into buying fake commodities .Even such“decent”and famous figures as LiuXiaoqing, once
部 considered China’s movie queen , have cheated the government on income taxes .
分
However , honesty is always seen as an important part of the human character , and it pays to be honest .If you treat others
fairly , those associating with you will certainly profit from your sincerity .Meanwhile , a sense of trust builds up in their hearts ,
which , in turn , will earn you more true friends .And that will benefit you in the long run .Therefore , it is essential for everyone
to maintain an honest attitude towards the whole society .
范文 2 :
Nowadays,wherever you go , you will hear people complain about people’s dishonesty .On campus , people are talking
about students’cheating in exams; in job market , the employers are troubled with confusing false credentials ; and in shopping
areas, customers are worrying about the many fake commodities they can never protect themselves from buying .In short , there
is cheating and dishonest practice in every walk of our life .
Why is dishonesty so prevailing ? There are, to my mind , plenty of contributing causes , among which , the following ones
are particularly worth mentioning .First , competition is always so fierce everywhere , from campus to company , and from job mar-
ket to supermarket .Second , people are attaching too much importance to the improvement of their material life that they neglect
the development of the spiritual and moral values, and consequently , they do a lot of things insensibly .
大 It pays to be honest in the long run , and honesty will bring you friends and more business partners , and thus bring you
学 happiness and fortune .Besides, to behave ourselves is to behave in an honest way .And finally , being honest is the essential
英
语 step towards spiritual civilization .Therefore , let’s remember that“honest is always the best policy”.
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
231
Section A
1 .W :George , look at the long waiting line .I’m glad you’ve made a reservation .
M: More and more people enjoy eating out now .Besides, this place is especially popular with overseas students .
Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place ?
2 .M: I wonder if you can drop by tomorrow evening .The Stevensons are coming over for dinner .I’d like you to meet them .
W :Sure .I’d love to .I’ve heard they’re very interesting people .
3 .W :The presentation made by Professor Jackson was too complicated to understand . 第
M: Well , I think he didn’t speak slowly enough for us to take notes . 二
Q: What is the man’s complaint ? 部
分
4 .W :You’ve got your apartment furnished , haven’t you ?
M: Yes .I bought some used furniture at the Sunday market , and it was a real bargain .
5 .M: Mary doesn’t want me to take the job .She says our child is too young and the job requires much traveling .
W : You should talk to her again and see if you can find a way out .Think about the gains and losses before you make the de-
cision .
6 .M: I haven’t got my scores on the GRE test yet .Do you think I should call to make inquiries ?
W :There’s no hurry .The test scores are released at least 8 weeks after the test .
Q: What does the woman advise the man to do ?
7 .M: Have you finished reading the book you bought last month ?
W :Oh , I didn’t read it straight through the way you read a novel .I just covered a few chapters that interested me most .
Q: How did the woman read the book ?
8 .W :Hi , John .Haven’t seen you for quite a while .Are you fine ?
M: Oh , yes .But luck seems to go against me .I had a car accident , only some minor injuries , though . 大
Q: What happened to John ? 学
9 .M: The taxi is waiting downstairs .Let’s hurry ! 英
语
W :Wait a minute .I’ll take some food with us .I don’t like the meals served on the trains . 四
Q: What are the speakers going to do ? 级
考
10 .W: Is that optional course as hard as everybody says ?
试
M: It’s actually even worse , believe it or not .
Q: What does the man say about the course ? 历
年
Section B
试
Passage One 题
My father woke me up early one morning when I was fourteen and announced“Get
, up ! You’re going with me to cut the 详
解
grass .”I felt proud and excited(11) , because my father thought I was responsible enough to help him in his business .Still , that
first day was very hard .From sunrise to sunset, my father , my younger brother and I cut and trimmed very large yards in a well
232
- to - do part of the city .By the end of the day, I was exhausted , but I felt good .I had put in a hard day’s labor and earned
6 dollars .One day , my father spotted some leaves I had missed cutting and pulled me aside“Cut
. that section again !”(12) he
said firmly“and
, don’t make me have to tell you to do it again .”The message was clear .Today I stress the importance of do-
ing the job right the first time .( 13) In every job I have held , from cutting lawns to washing dishes, to working a machine on a
construction site, I have learned something that helped me in my next job .If you look hard enough , you can learn from any job
you do(13) .
11 .How did the speaker feel when his father asked him to help cut grass ?
12 .What did his father do when the speaker missed cutting some leaves ?
13 .What did the speaker want to tell us in this passage ?
Passage Two
I live in a small village in the country .My wife and I run the village shop .We have a very peaceful life—boring , some
might say , but we love it .We know all the people in the village , and have plenty of time to stop and chat .I have plenty of time
for my hobbies too—gardening , fishing ,walking in the countryside .I love the outdoor life .
第 It wasn’t always like this , though .I used to have a really stressful job(15) ,working till late in the office every evening ,
二
部 and often bringing work home at the weekend .The advertising world is very competitive and when I look back , I cannot imagine
分 how I stood it .( 14 )I had no private life at all—no time for the really important things in life .Because of the pressure of the
job(15) , I used to smoke and drink too much .The crisis came when my wife left me .She complained that she never saw me
and I had no time for family life .This made me realize what was really important to me (16) .I talked things through with her
and decided to get back together again and started a new and better life together .I gave up tobacco and alcohol and searched
for new hobbies .Now, I’m afraid of looking back , since the past life seemed a horrible dream .
14 .What did the speaker used to do for a living ?
15 .What do we know about the speaker’s life in the past ?
16 .What made the speaker change his life style ?
Passage Three
“Where is the university”is the question many visitors to Cambridge ask , but no one could point it to them in any one di-
rection , because there is no campus(17) .The university consists of 31 self - governing colleges .It has lecture halls, libraries,
laboratories, museums and offices throughout the city .
Individual colleges choose their own students(18)who have to meet the minimum entrance requirements set by the univer-
sity .Undergraduates usually live and study in their colleges where they are taught in very small groups .Lectures and laboratory
and practical work are organized by the university and held in university buildings .There are over 10 , 000 undergraduates and
大
学 3 ,500 postgraduates .About 40 % of them are women and some 8% from overseas .As well as teaching , research is of major
英 importance .Since the beginning of the 20th century, more than 60 university members have won Nobel prizes .The university
语
四 has a huge number of buildings for teaching and research .It has more than 60 specialist - subject libraries as well as the uni-
级 versity library(19) ,which , as a copyright library , is entitled to a copy of every book published in Britain .Examinations are set
考 and degrees are awarded by the university .It allowed women to take the university exams in 1881 , but it was not until 1948
试
that they were awarded degrees(20) .
历 17 .Why is it difficult for visitors to locate Cambridge University ?
年 18 .What does the passage tell us about the colleges of Cambridge University ?
试
题 19 .What can be learned from the passage about the libraries in Cambridge University ?
详 20 .What does the passage tell about women students in Cambridge University ?
解
1 .D 解析 : 关键词 : make a reservation , eating out
2 .A 解析 : 男子的陈述使用 I wonder if . . .和 I’d like you to . . .等句式 , 表示一种委婉的邀请 ; 女子“I’d love
233
to . . .”是接受邀请 , I’ve heard . . .一句是补充信息 , 由此可排除 C。

3 .D 解析 : 对话问及男方话语的意思 , 由 I think . . .一句的否定句式转换便可得到答案 D。
4 .D 解析 : 问题指向男子的话语 , 测试重点是 a real bargain 这一短语的理解 , 表示“很便宜 , 价廉物美”。
5 .A 解析 : 男子话语中谈到“Mary doesn’t want me to take the job”并提出理由 : it requires much travelling ; 女子则建
议男子 talk to her again 以 find a way out , 同时还建议男子在 make the decision 前权衡利弊( gains and losses) , 由此归
纳并推知 A 为答案。
6 .C 解析 : 先由男子向女子征求意见“Do you think I should . . .”, 再由女子提供建议 :No hurry , 可得出选项 C。
7 .A 解析 : 问题涉及到女子的对话内容 , 由 didn’t read it straight through 和 just covered a few chapters that interested
me most 推知那本书她没有全部读。
8 .B 解析 : 由男子对话中的 I had a car accident 和 only some minor injuries 转换得到选项 B 的信息。
9 .C 解析 : 由 The taxi is waiting downstairs, 和女子的“take some food”及“meals served on the trains”归纳推知他们正
准备出游。
10 .C 解析 : 对话中两处的比较级 as hard as 和 even worse 再加上短语 believe it or not (信不信由你 ) , 强调了选修第
课 much worse than people think 这一事实。二
部
11 .B 12 .C 13 .C 14 .C 15 .A 分
16 .B 17 .D 18 .B 19 .B 20 .B
21 .C 解析 : 结合 the same time crunch( 危机) 所出现的上下文 , 儿童的时间危机显然指第一段空暇时间减少的现

状 , 父母的时间危机则与“more mothers are working outside the home”有关 , 故选 C( 要注意短文主题围绕 leisure time
展开) 。
22 .B 解析 : 短文第二段后半部分括号中的内容是作者的评价 , 其中对单亲家庭来说 , 儿童与父母交流时间确
实减少很多 , 但对于 double - income 家庭 , 母亲出去工作并没有明显减少孩子与父母的 interactive time。故 S .
Hofferth 所给原因部分正确 , 部分不正确。
23 .B 解析 : 由题干 develop better 确定本题指向第三段要点 , 对该段第二句、第三句前一分句的内容归纳即可推
知本题答案。
24 .A 解析 : 本题主题涉及孩子自由活动 (unstructured play)时间大大减少及其原因和危害———不利于其全面发
展 , 由此推断作者所担心的问题是孩子的时间越来越多地被分割到集体、有组织的非人性化活动中去了 ( 上学 ,
大
集体体育活动等 ) 。学
25 .A 解析 : 由短文各要点———孩子 leisure time 日趋减少、自由活动有利于儿童成长等———可推知本题中只有英
语
A 正确 ( extracurricular activities 课外活动包括自由活动 ) ; B、C 显然与短文最后一段内容相悖 ; 选项 D 虽合乎情
四
理 , 且并不与短文最后一段相矛盾 , 但该选项显然不是本文主题内容 ( 注意正确答案必须与主题密切相关 ) 。级
【参考译文】考
试
3～12 岁的美国小孩平均每周花 29 小时在学校 , 比 1981 年时多了 8 个小时。他们还要做更多的家庭作业 ,
参加更多的诸如足球、芭蕾舞等有组织的活动。尤其是参加体育活动的时间从 1981 年到 1997 年间几乎增加了历
年
50% : 男孩每周平均花 4 小时参加体育活动 ; 女孩花差不多一半的时间。然而 , 总体上来说 , 孩子们的空闲时间
试
由 1981 年的每天 40% 降至现在的 25% 。题
“时间危机影响了孩子们的父母 , 孩子们也受到同样的危机影响”,Sandra Hofferth 说。她负责最近的针对儿详
解
童时间状况的研究。她认为主要原因是更多的母亲走出家门参加工作。 (然而 , 在父母都有工作和主要靠父亲
工作养家的家庭中 , 孩子花在与其父母交流上的时间相对较多 , 分别为 19 小时和 22 小时。相反 , 孩子们只花
234
了 9 小时与他们的单身母亲交流。)
总是工作而没有玩耍会导致孩子精神紧张。“玩耍是孩子探知世界、了解自己的最有效的方式”, 哈佛医学
院的 T .Berry Brazeton 教授说。没有约束的自由玩耍鼓励独立思考 , 使得孩子们可以自己处理与同伴的关系 , 但
3～12 岁的孩子每周只有 12 小时可以这样自由玩耍。
被抽样调查的孩子将猛然增加的“自由时间”的四分之一用来看电视。但是 , 信不信由你 , 这是一个父母可
能当作是好消息的研究结果。如果孩子们少花点时间看电视 , 他们也不会将多出的时间用来读书。尽管人们
努力想让孩子们对书籍产生更大的兴趣 , 孩子们每周却仅用 1 小时阅读。让我们正视一下这个问题吧 , 到底是
谁用去了时间 ?
【词语注释】
log[ l g] n .①原木 , 木料②航海( 或飞行 )日志 vt .正式记录
make for①走向 , 朝…前进②促成 , 有助于
mess[ mes] n .①凌乱状态 , 脏乱状态②混乱的局面 , 困境 vt .弄糟 , 弄脏 , 搞乱
【难句点拨】
第 1 .The children sampled spent a quarter of their rapidly decreasing“free time”
watching television .But that , believe it or
二
部 not,was one of the findings parents might regard as good news .
分注意第 2 句中 that 的指代对象是前一句话 : The children sampled spent a quarter of their rapidly decreasing“ free
time”
watching television .
第 2 句是一个省略了 that 的主从复合句 : parents might regard as good news 是定语从句修饰 findings。
2 .Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books , the children spent just over an hour a week reading .
Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books 是一个介词结构做状语。介词结构是一个重要的语法现象 ,
考生要加以注意。
26 .B 解析 : 本题无法从短文的某个地方直接找到答案出处 , 应结合第一段第二句“The U .S .way of life is based

on the values of the business world”, 再联系短文主题及全文各要点 , 推知选项 A、
C、D 错误 , 从而确定答案 B。
27 .D 解析 : 由本题题干确定答案应从第二段得出。该段第二句为主题句 , 而后通过 For example, . . .in addition
及 moreover 从三个方面展开段落主题 , 层层递进。答案由第三个层次归纳而知。
28 .D 解析 : 由题干中 immigrants . . .dreaming 确定答案在第三段第二句 , a better job 即是本题答案依据。
29 .C 解析 : 由题干中的“negative”确定答案在第四段 , 本段从消极的角度理解 H .Ford 关于 business 的陈述 , 即
指与劳方对立的大公司 , 过去充满着争取工资提高 , 工作条件改善的斗争 , 今天又因为利润最大化成本最小化
的减员给劳方带来焦虑 , 带来不安。由此可归纳出本题的答案。
大
学 30 .A 解析 : 由题干中“keep expenses low and profits high . . .”将本题定位到短文最后一句 , 句中不定式 to keep . . .
英是目的 , downsizing 或 the laying off of thousands of workers 是结果 , 相信在中国谈了多年“下岗”问题后 , 考生不会不
语
四熟悉 lay off 一词。
考亨利・福特 , 著名的美国发明家和汽车制造者 , 曾经说 “
: The business of America is business( 美国的事情是商
试
业) 。”他是说美国的生活方式以商业世界的标准为基础。
历很少有人会对福特的这句话有异议。大概浏览一下日报就可以生动地表明美国有多少人在考虑商业问
年题。例如 , 几乎每份报纸都有商业版 , 每天报道的就是生意、工程、金融、管理、股价、公司的劳动问题。此外 , 商
试
题业新闻还可能出现在其他任何版面上。大多数有关国家的新闻都有重要的财经内容。福利、外国援助、联邦预
详算、联邦储备银行政策都深受商业影响。此外 , 商业新闻还出现在一些与商业不相干的地方。文艺界和娱乐界
解
常被称为“娱乐产业”。
福特的话的积极方面可以从商业给美国社会生活带来的繁荣中看出。许多人从世界各地移居美国的一个
235
最重要的原因是梦想找到一份好工作。由于美国经济体系被竞争推动 , 工作机会得以大量产生。人们认为这

种体系创造更多的财富、更多的就业机会、更好的物质生活。
当“business”被理解为大商业时 , 可以看出福特此话的消极方面。大商业———指那些最大的公司———被看
作是与工人对立的。美国历史上 , 劳动者一直都不得不为相对较高的工资、较好的工作条件和组织工会的权利
而斗争。今天 , 许多旧的劳动纠纷解决了 , 但仍有许许多多被雇佣者感到担心。缩小规模———为降低成本增加
利润而解雇数以千计的工人———使得许多人缺乏安全感。
【词语注释】
business[ biznis] n .①交易 , 生意 , 营业( 额 )②工商企业 , 商店③职业 , 工作 , 任务④事务 , 事
downsizing n .减少规模缩小化
31 .D 解析 : 本题涉及调查过程的内容 , 以下各题涉及调查结果。本题答案出处在第一段第一句 , subjects 即调
查参与者 35 people .
32 .A 解析 : 由 discovered 推定本题问及研究结果和发现 , 与第一段第二句中的 find 相对应 , 由 fell into groupings
和( nor) random 确定本题答案为 A。第
33 .C 解析 “programme
: assembly failures”(程序汇编/ 组合错误 )出现在第二段最后 , 结合上下文 , 本段是通过一二
位女子的实例来说明这种错误的 , 她每天早晨上班前做两件事 : 喂狗吃饼干和自己戴耳环 , 但由于 absent - 部
分
minded , 她的这两个行为“got reversed”, 这种行为先后顺序颠倒即属于 programme assembly failures .
34 .A 解析 : 题干明确要求我们对第三段要点作出归纳 : 一天中出现这种 unintentional lapses 的时间似乎有规律
可循 , 男女之间有不同的变化模式。
35 .D 解析 : 问及“结论”, 必然到短文最后寻找答案 , 本题的答案可从短文最后一句“But trying to avoid silly slips
by concentrating more could make things a lot worse— even dangerous”(意即刻意集中精力无济于事 , 反而更糟以至更
危险) 推知 , 这种 lapses 与 concentration 没有相关性。
【参考译文】
史密斯教授最近说服 35 个人 (其中 23 个人为女性) 在两个星期内每天记录下他们走神的行为。当他在一
份科学报告中分析他们那些令人尴尬的差错时 , 他惊讶地发现几乎所有人都属于某几类情形。这些差错也并
非完全是随机的。
例如 , 一位女士在一天早晨离家上班时将她的耳环扔给小狗 , 而试图将一块狗吃的饼干往耳朵上戴。教授
解释说 “
: 可以这样理解这种现象 : 大脑就像一台电脑 , 人们按程序让他们自己有规律地做某些活动。每天早晨
给小狗扔两块饼干 , 然后戴上耳环是这位女士的习惯。但有时该程序中行为会发生颠倒。”在这些志愿者报告
的事故中 , 大约二十分之一属于这类“程序装配失败”。
这些志愿者记录了 433 次他们发现的自己走神的情况 , 平均每人 12 次。看起来一天中似乎有几个高峰期大
我们易犯这种可笑的错误。它们是上午 8 点和中午之间的 2 个小时 , 下午 4 点和 6 点之间 , 另外晚上 8 点到 10 学
英
点间也是一个相对较小的高峰期。“男性的高峰期似乎是在大脑‘程序’发生变化时 , 例如在上下班之间。”女性
语
报告的平均差错数要略微多些 , 为 12 .5 次 , 而男性是 10 .9 次 , 这可能是因为女性是更为可靠的报告者。四
研究结果让人有些吃惊 : 这种走神现象在我们做熟练的事情时是一种危险。通常你可能会认为熟练能减级
考
少犯错的次数。但是试图通过更加专心来避免这种可笑的疏忽可能会使事情变得更糟———甚至危险。试
【词语注释】
fortnight [ f tnait ] n .十四天 , 两星期历
年
changeover[ t eind uv ] n .( 生产方法 , 装备等的 ) 完全改变 , (方针的 )转变试
slip[ slip] vi .①滑( 倒 ) , 滑落②溜走③下降 , 跌落 vt .悄悄放进 n .疏漏 , 差错题
详
解
236
【难句点拨】
A startling finding of the research is that the absent - minded activity is a hazard of doing things in which we are skilled .
本句结构为 : A startling finding is + that 引导的表语从句 ; 表语从句 that the absent - minded activity is a hazard of
doing things in which we are skilled 也是一个主从复合句 , 其中 in which we are skilled 是定语从句修饰 things。
But trying to avoid silly slips by concentrating more could make things a lot worse——— even dangerous .
在这个句子中我们可以看到几种典型的非谓语动词的用法 : trying to avoid silly slips 是动名词短语做句子的
主语 , 其中 to avoid 是动词不定式做 try 的宾语 ; concentrating 则是动名词做介词 by 的宾语。 a lot worse— even dan-
gerous 是形容词做 things 的宾语补足语。
36 .B 解析 : 本题问及 Florida 法官的裁决 (ruling) 是基于何种考虑。第二段最后一句及第三段谈到这一裁决 , 其
中 , 第三段是对此裁决的评论性阐述 , 由该段内容应可推知答案 B。
37 .A 解析 : 本题继续问及 Kimberly 一案 , 因此需继续从短文相关部分寻找有关此案的裁决依据、评论及法官
态度 , 有关内容包含上题提到的相关段落及最后两段 , 故本题涉及短文的主题并需进而作出推论。其中短文第
5 段第 2 句、第 3 句是主要推论依据。
第 38 .C 解析 : 短文在第四段提及 the Twiggs , 该段主要介绍了 Kimberly 出生时被和另一婴儿错换及 the Twiggs 最
二
部后发现自己身边 (已去世 ) 的孩子不是自己的亲生女儿 , 因此 sparking a custody battle 的背景 , 也解释了第二段为
分什么 Kimberly fits neither description( 与第一段两种情况均不吻合 )的原因。
39 .A 解析 : 由第四段内容( 见 38 题详解 ) , 即可判断 Kimberly 之成为 Mr .Mays 的养女是由于 mistakenly switched ,
故选 A。
40 .D 解析 : 作为论说文 , 作者的观点态度一定渗透在短文的字里行间 , 本题问及作者对法官就 Kimberly 监护
权作出的裁决的态度 , 集中体现在短文第三段的最后一句 , 这种不把血缘关系作为决定父母子女关系的惟一考
虑的做法是一个重大的发展 , 而这种发展原本早就应该成为一种司法实践了。
【参考译文】
众所周知 , 很多与养父母生活的孩子比与亲身父母生活的孩子要健康、幸福 , 尤其是对于那些因法律盲目
支持血缘关系而生活在污言秽语的家庭中的孩子更是如此。当然 , 也有一些因为养父母不能或不愿照顾好他
们而又不肯放弃监护权而在收养孩子的家庭多年遭受痛苦的小孩 , 这是事实。
14 岁的 Kimberly Mays 不属于上述任何情形 , 但她最近在法庭上的胜利将有助于那些有着上述情形的孩子。
Kimberly 曾是其养父母与亲生父母之间一场激烈的监护权争夺战的目标 , 她从未与其亲生父母共同生活过。佛
罗里达的法官判决这位十多岁的孩子可以继续留在其养父 ( 她以前以为她就只有这一位父亲而不知还有一位
亲生父亲 ) 身边 , 她的亲生父母对她没有法律上的主张权。
尽管该判决也许会被推翻 , 但它没有遵循这样的原则 : 血缘关系是亲子关系中的决定性因素。这是一个重
大
学要的进步 , 迟来了很久的进步。
英 Kimberly Mays 1978 年出生后不久 , 她和另一位婴儿被误换了 , 来到了非亲生父母的家。她的亲生父母 ,
语
四 Ernest 和 Regina Twigg 收到并抚养的孩子在 1988 年因心脏病去世。医学鉴定表明那个孩子不是 Twigg 夫妇的亲
级生女儿 , 他们的亲生女儿是 Kimberly ,Twigg 夫妇与 Robert Mays 间发生了一场监护权争夺战。1989 年 , 两家达成
考协议 Mays 先生继续享有监护权 ,Twigg 夫妇有看望孩子的权利。如果 Mays 先生认为 Kimberly 受到了伤害 , 将终
试
止 Twigg 夫妇的看望权。
历让 Kimberly 留在 Mays 先生身边的判决同时给予 Kimberly 上诉权。法官明确宣布 Kimberly 有权就自己的利
年益起诉。这说明了一点 : 她不是一件由父母随意处理的财产。
试
题当然 , 父母和孩子间的血缘关系是最基本的关系。但是亲生父母并不总是比养父母优越 , 亲生父母也不能
详享有绝对的所有权而完全不顾孩子的权利。
解
【词语注释】
adoptive [ d ptiv] adj .收养关系的 , 采用的
237
abusive [ bju siv] adj .辱骂的 , 滥用的

determinant [ di t min nt] adj .决定性的
render[ rend ] vt .①使得 , 致使②给予 , 提供③翻译
【难句点拨】
It’s also true of children who suffer for years in foster homes because of parents who can’t or won’t care for them but
refuse to give up custody rights .
本句主干结构为 : It’s also true of children .句中 who suffer for years in foster homes because of parents who can’t or
won’t care for them but refuse to give up custody rights 是 children 的定语从句 , 其中 because of parents 是原因状语 ;who
can’t or won’t care for them but refuse to give up custody rights 做 parents 的定语从句。
41 .A 译文 : 她因生病而取消了她的纽约之行。解析 : 与宾语 trip 搭配 , 只能选 A ) called off“取消”。B) closed 第

二
down“ 关闭 , 歇业”; C)put up
“ 投宿 , 提供 ; 张贴”;D)went off
“爆炸 ; 突然走失 ; 中断”。部
42 .A 译文 : 要不是遇到风暴 , 这船应该已经准时到达目的港了。解析 : 由句子谓语的虚拟形式确定选 A) But 分
for“要不是……”。B) In case of . .“假如
. , 如果发生……”; C) In spite of“尽管……”; D) Because of . .“由于……
. ,因
为……”。
43 .D 译文 : 我们应集中精力急速降低利润以使经济摆脱萧条。解析 : 句中 economy , interest rate ( 利率 ) 等是本
句涉及的话题 , 由此选与此相关的一词 D) recession“ (经济) 衰退 ( 期 ) ; 萧条”。A) rejection“拒绝 , 摒弃”; B) restric-
tion“ , 限制 , 约束”; C) retreat“退却 , 规避”。
44 .A 译文 : 能在加利福利亚找到金矿的希望吸引了许多人在那儿安家落户。解析 : 由 of 引导的定语修饰语
“在加利福利亚找到金矿”确定这是一种 prospects“ 期待 , 展望 , 成功可能性”。B) speculations“ 推测 ; 投机 ”; C)
“赌注 , 赌本”; D)provisions
stakes “预备 , 准备 ; 条款 ; 供应”。
45 .D 译文 : 我因为工作压力太大而感到精神极度疲倦。解析 : 本题题干句子包含一对因果关系 : stress from
work 是因 , mental fatigue (精神疲劳 )是果。A) damage“ 损害 , 毁坏”; B) release“ 解脱 , 释放”; C) relief“轻松 , 缓解 ; 救
济”。
46 .C 译文 : 剩下的半天是看书还是娱乐完全由他自己定夺。解析 : at one’s disposal 意为“任某人处理 , 供某人
使用”, 其他三个名词均不能构成类似短语。A) dismissal“解雇 , 不受理 , 打发”; B) survival“幸存 , 生存”; D ) arrival
“到达”。
大
47 .B 译文 : 在极度饥饿时 , 你不会对食物过分挑剔。解析 : be particular about 意为“讲究 , 挑剔”; A、D 为近形近学
义 , B、C 为近形近义 , 但只有 particular 能与介词 about 搭配。A) special“特殊/ 别的 , 专门的”; C) peculiar“特有的 , 英
语
独特的”;D) specific
“特定/ 有的 , 明确的”。
四
48 .B 译文 : 全世界的犯罪率都在上升 , 并且我们完全有理由相信这种上升趋势将延续到下一个十年。解析 : 级
题干两个分句 , 第二分句为第一分句的展开 , 其中要延续到下一个十年的 , 就是“Crime is increasing”这种“ trend” 考
试
(趋势 )。A) emergency“紧急情况 , 不测事件”; C) pace
“步速 , 节奏”; D)schedule
“时刻表 , 明细表”。
49 .C 译文 : 你不该在书的页边上写东西 , 因为这是图书馆的书。解析 : 题中 B、C、D 为近义 , 但涉及书“边”的历
年
只有 C) margin , 指每一页印刷版面以外的“页边空白”, 常可用以作一些笔记。B) border 常指领土的“边境 , 边界”
试
或指用以装饰的“滚边”;D) edge 指有刃的 , 或扁平物体最外的“边缘”;A) interval“间隔 , 间距”。题
50 .A 译文 : 飞机发动机的轰鸣声预示着空袭即将开始。解析 : 题中 A、C、D 均表示与声音相关的象声词 , A) 详
解
roar 指低沉的“轰鸣声”, 通常用以模拟引擎的声音 ; C) whistle 指清脆的“汽笛、口哨声”; D) scream 指刺耳的“尖
鸣、呼啸声”; B) exclamation 指人的“惊叫 , 惊叹 , 大喊”。
238
51 .A 译文 : 这张门票可以让你免费在湖上坐游船。解析 : 用于～ sb .to do sth .这一句型的动词只有 A) entitles

“给 sb .做某事的权利/ 资格”和 B) appoints
“任命 , 委派 sb .做某事”, 根据主语为“ticket”, 只能选 A)。B) appoint 要
求“人”作主语 ; C)grants
“授予 , 准予 , 同意”;D) credits
“信任 ; 把……归于 ( to)”。
52 .B 译文 : 这位就是我生病住院期间护理我的护士。解析 : 四个选项中 , 用于不及物动词 , 且与介词 to 搭配 ,
只有 B) attended( to)“照应 , 护理 ; 专心于”。A) accompanied 常用于及物 , 表示“陪伴 , 伴随”; C) entertained vt “招待
. ;
使快乐”;D) shielded vt“保护
. , 防护”。
53 .D 译文 : 正准备划火柴时 , 我记起了汤姆的警告。解析 “划火柴”
: 英语为 strike a match , 不能用 A) rub“擦 , 摩
擦”; B)hit“打击 ; 碰撞”或 C) scrape“刮 , 擦”。
54 .B 译文 : 广告上说这种面料水洗时不缩 , 但实际上却缩了。解析 : 选项中 A 和 B 均有“缩小”之意 , 但 A) con-
tract 指金属 , 肌肉等的“收缩 , 缩小”, 侧重“缩成一团”; B) shrink 专指面料等遇水“收缩”, 多指大小 , 数量 , 尺寸的
“缩小”; C) slim
“变苗条 , 减轻体重”;D) dissolve“溶解 , 融化”。
55 .D 译文 : 他为能被选中参加比赛而感到自豪 , 并向我们保证会在比赛中尽其所能。解析 : 本题涉及多种题
型的交叉重叠 : A、
C、D 为近形 ;A、
B、D 为近义。而决定本题答案的是～ sb .that . . .这一动词句型。A) insured( 与
第 assured 同根 “
) 给……投保 ; 确保( 同 ensure , 用于～ that 或～sb .sth .等句型 )”; B) guaranteed . .“保证
. , 保证( 用于～
二
部 sth .to do; ～that . . ., ～ to do sth .等句型) ”; C) assumed( 与 assured 近形 “
) 承担 , 担任 ; 假定”。
分 56 .C 译文 : 新的训练设施不仅使专业人员也使业余选手从中得益。解析 : 与介词 from 搭配的动词有 A) derive
“由…派生 , 起源于”和 C) benefit“得益于”, 由句子前后内容 “
: 专业与非专业人员”从“新的训练设施”中应该是
得益“benefit”。B) acquire“取得 , 获得”为及物动词 ; D)reward“报答 , 酬劳”也为及物动词。
57 .B 译文 : 工作几乎接近尾声时 , 我们却接到命令让我们不要再干下去了。解析 : 与介词 with 搭配 , 只有动词
“ 继续进行”, 相当于 go on。A) progress
proceed “前进 , 进展”; C) march“前进 , 行军”;D) promote“促进 , 增进”, 为及物
动词。
58 .D 译文 : 我等了他半个小时 , 但他始终没露面。解析 : 与等待 ( waited) 相对应的通常是出现 , 露面 , 到达 , 即
“ 上交 ; 上床”; B) turned down
D) turned up。A) turned in “ 拒绝 ; 关小”; C) turned off“关掉 ; 拐入( 小路 )”。
59 .A 译文 : 对于一幢有煤气泄漏危险的房子 , 人们可以立即破门而入。解析 : 受 gas( 煤气 ) 修饰 , 只有 A) leak
“泄漏”。B) split“裂口 , 分裂”; C) mess
“凌乱 , 困境”;D) crack
“ 裂缝 , 缝隙”。
60 .C 译文 : 深色西装比淡色西装更适合做晚装。解析 : 题支中与介词 to 搭配的选项有 A) favourable“ 对…有利
的”, B) suitable“对…合适的”和 C)preferable
“比…更可取 , 更好 , 更合意的”。题干中涉及 a dark suit 和 a light one
的比较选择 , 故选 C。D) proper“适合的 , 正当的”, 通常不与 to 连用。
61 .B 译文 : 正是在美国我结识了琼斯教授。解析 : make the acquaintance of sb .或 make sb .’s acquaintance 意为
大 “结识某人”。A) acknowledgement“承认 ; 原谅”; C)recognition“承认 , 认可”;D) association“ 伙伴 , 同事”。

学 62 .D 译文 : 请拿一张空白纸 , 并把你的名字写在上方。解析 : 一张白纸 , 用 D) blank“ 空白的”。A) bare 指物体
英表面“赤裸裸 , 无遮盖的 , 光秃秃”; B)vacant 指职位、座位、房间因无人占着而“空着的 , 空缺的”; C) hollow 指物体
语
四里面“空心的 , 中空的”。
级 63 .C 译文 : 与公民具有不同文化背景的民族相比 , 公民具有相似宗教信仰和价值观文化的国家更有可能制定
考代表民众意愿的法律。解析 : 题干的比较结构涉及语义上的对比 , 第一种文化以“similar”为特征 , 被比较文化应
试
以 diverse
“各种各样 , 多元的”为特征。A) extensive“ 广泛的 , 广阔的”; B) influential
“有影响的 , 有权势的”; D) identi-
历 cal“相同的 , 同一的”。
年 64 .D 译文 : 学生有特别困难的地方需要特别仔细地讲解。解析 : 名词 care 不与 by 搭配 ; 与 in 连用时 , 表示在
试
题 (某人 )的护理 , 关心下 ; 与 under 搭配 , 表示“( 某人) 照管、负责”; 与 with 连用 , 意为“小心 , 谨慎的”。
详 65 .A 译文 : 他保证 , 会以友好的态度来处理这些事情。解析 : 在题中 , 名词后接不定式短语的选项有 A) pledge
解
“保证 (做某事 )”和 D)motion
“ 提议 , 示意 ( 做某事 )”; 但只有 A)pledge 能与动词 gave 搭配。B)mission“ 使命 , 任务 ,
天职”; C)plunge“猛跌 , 骤降”。
239
66 .A 译文 : 别让小孩玩剪刀 , 以防他割破手。解析 : 题干第一分句的祈使句提出警示“别玩剪刀”, 与第二分词

“划破手”的关系是 (否定 ) 目的关系 , 故选 in case“为了避免 , 以防”。
67 .C 译文 : 除了来自敌方进攻的危险外 , 人们还得对付诸如粮食、衣服、燃料等几乎每一种供应的短缺。解
析 : 由题干句法分析可知 , 逗号前只有一个名词短语 , 故只能选择连接性介词 C) As well as
“除了”, 相当于“ apart
from”。A) As far as 作连接性介词时 , 表示程度 , 只能放在动词之后 ; B) As long as 为连词 “只要”
, , 作介词时 , 表示
时间“长达”; D) As soon as 只作连词。
68 .D 译文 : 商业不景气期间有许多人失去了工作。解析 : 空格处名词作定语 business 的修饰 , 故只有 D)depres-
sion“ ( 生意) 不景气 , 萧条”才正确。A) desperation“ 拼命 , 孤注一掷”; B) decrease“ 下降 , 降低”; C) despair“ 绝望 , 失
望”。
69 .C 译文 : 每次大公司接管了小公司 , 其产品质量几乎总是恶化。解析 : 大公司对小公司通常为“接管”( takes
“ 与…相处 , 继续”; B) cuts down“ 削减 , 砍倒”; D) puts up with“忍受 , 容忍”。
over)。A)gets on with
70 .B 译文 : 史密斯先生是声称大火是蓄意而为的惟一证人。解析 : 作表语的形容词修饰主语 fire, 只有 B) de-
“故意的 , 蓄意的”符合题意。A) mature“ 成熟的 , 深思熟虑的 ”; C) meaningful“有意义的”; D) innocent“无辜
liberate 第
的 , 没有恶意的”。二
部
分
S1 .lively and attractive personality 或 great personal charm ; 本题指向第二段要点。

S2 .both desirable and essential ; 本题指向第三段要点。
S3 .(1)weaknesses, ( 2) immature in nature ; 答案在第三段最后一句。
S4 .able to put on an act 或 good at acting 或 a bit of an actor ; 本题涉及第四段要点。
S5 .By self - discipline and self - training ; 本题问及第五段。
S6 .teaching method 或 the method by which they teach ; 本题涉及第六段中 three principal objects of study 中的第二个对
象 , 第一个已在本题题干中归纳。
S7 .the students 或 the person( s) to whom the subjects are to be taught ; 本题指向第三个研究对象。
S8 .cooperation 或 interaction ; 本题答案在短文最后一句。
Part Ⅴ Writing
大
An Eye - Witness Account of a Traffic Accident 学
范文 1 : 英
语
I was sitting in a window seat in a cafe in the 5th Avenue, New York City , in the afternoon of April 13th , 2001 .It is my 四
year - long habit of watching the city scape with coffee during that time of day .At first everything was fine : the traffic flows 级
smoothly , the pedestrians passing by on the sidewalks .When I was ready to enjoy the coffee and muffin I just ordered , suddenly 考
试
I noticed a Black BMW was rushing through the crossroad with great speed while the traffic lights were still red .It inevitably
crushed with a yellow Ford driving in another direction .From my angle I could only see the number on the BMW was SPY - 历
年
007 .Soon the police came , collected the evidence and cleared the road .I think the main cause of the accident is that the driver
试
of the BMW’s breaking of traffic rules . 题
I certify that the above is true and not biased . 详
解
George B .
April 14th , 2001
240
An Eye - Witness Account of a Traffic Accident

范文 2 :
We often see traffic accidents reported on TV, but we seldom witness a real one happening right before our eyes ! On
June 18 , 2003 , a red taxi crashed head - on into a bus on the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge, about 50 meters south of the North
Bridge Tower , resulting in the immediate death of the taxi driver and serious injury of the bus driver and several passengers on
the bus .
We were on our school bus to Jiangpu Campus when it happened .I noticed the red taxi changed in the fast lane on the
left suddenly and narrowly missed a truck there .In a desperate attempt to avoid the speeding truck , the taxi driver made a
sharp turn of the wheel , causing the vehicle to slip into the opposite lane where a queue of vehicles were running the other
way .The bus driver did try to stop his bus, but it was so abrupt for him .Before I knew it , I heard a bang , mixed with a
screech .The taxi smashed right into the bus, the front half of the taxi was almost gone , and the head of the bus was badly dis-
torted .There was blood and glass everywhere , and all the traffic was held up on the bridge .
第 There are several causes accounting for this disaster , and it was clear , I think , that the taxi driver was chiefly responsible
二
部 for the whole tragedy .The seat behind the wheel is not the position for tired and sleepy persons and the driver , after doing his
分 business for a whole night ,was exhausted .So when he tried to shift lanes, he seems to have forgotten to switch on the turn sig-
nal or even to look around him .Another factor for the accident was the rainy weather ,which left the road very slippery .And fi-
nally , the truck driver was speeding at the moment the taxi changed lanes, and so he was partially to blame .
大
学
英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
241
Section A
1 . M: I can’t understand why Bob isn’t here yet .Do you think we should try to call him or go look for him ?
W: He probably just got held up in traffic .Let’s give him a few more minutes .
Q:What are the speakers probably going to do ?
2 . M: Hi, Susan .Have you decided where to live when you get married ?
W: I’d like to live in the downtown area near my work , but Nathan wants a house in the suburbs to save on expenses .
Q:Why does Susan want to live in the city ?
3 . M: I’d like to buy a copy of Professor Franklin’s book on Amcrican culture . 第
W: I’m sorry .The book has been out of print for some time now . 二
Q:Where does the conversation most probably take place ? 部
分
4 . W: I’ve just locked my keys in my room .Now what should I do ?
M: I can’t believe it .You’re always so careless .Anyhow, let’s calm down and try to figure things out .
Q:What does the man suggest ?
5 . W: Can you give us your email address so we can get back to you as soon as possible ?
M: I’ll send you an email so we don’t have to do the spelling on the phone , okay ?
Q:What are the speakers doing ?
6 . W: Hi ,George .Could you give me a ride ? I want to buy some food for the picnic .
M:Okay .I’m going home, but I can drop you at the supermarket .
Q:What does the woman want to do ?
7 . W:My name is Helen Ware .W - A - R - E Can I get a class permit for biology ?
M:Oh , no .Not now .Registration for students whose last names begin with“W”doesn’t start until tomorrow .
Q:What does the man mean ?
8 . M: What was the weather like when you left New York last week ?
W: It was very much like the weather here in Beijing .So you needn’t take a lot of clothes if you don’t plan to stay there
long . 大
Q:What do we learn from the conversation ? 学
9 . W: What are these things in our suitcase ? There aren’t any toys at all .Where have you put them ? 英
语
M:Oh , no .This is not our suitcase .The old lady must have taken ours by mistake .She was sitting next to us at the restau- 四
rant . 级
考
Q:What can we infer from the conversation ?
试
10 . M:Are you really leaving for Hong Kong tomorrow morning ?
W: Yeah , I guess so .I’ve got my air ticket and I just can’t wait to see Bill there . 历
年
Q: What it the woman going to do ?
试
Section B 题
Passage One 详
解
Pamela Royal and her partner , Edith Clark , are the owners of the Sea View Hotel in Brighton .As much of their business
is seasonal , they do a good deal of the work themselves .In order to make a profit, it is necessary to keep down the clost of extra
242
staff .Although they will never make a fortune, for the last ten years they have earned a reasonable living from the hotel .
They work extremely well together and each has her own duties .In general , Pamela does the book keeping .She is excel-
lent with figures and seldom makes a mistake .She also takes care of the decorations , particularly the flower arranging ,which is
her hobby .Edith , on the other hand ,makes all the staff arrangments , and when necessary does the cooking .She is a very pa-
tient woman , and if guests make complaints she tries her best to solve their problem .
However , the two ladies do not do all the work themselves .They usually employ college students to do the cleaning and
the washing up .Bob Albert ,who is a retired policeman , goes in two hours a day to do the gardening , or take care of the swim-
ming pool .
Both ladies are very popular .They believe in having an informal relationship with the guests, and often make friends with
their regular visitors .Last month was their tenth anniversary in Brighton , and they had a dinner with their friends to celebrate .
Pamela gave a speech and everyone wished them loads of success for the future .
11 .How do Pamela and Edith manage to keep down the cost of the hotel ?
12 .What jobs in the hotel are given to the college students ?
第 13 .Why are the two ladies popular in the area ?
二
部 Passage Two
分 Some people dream of being President of the United States .Some dream of becoming stars in a Hollywood movie, and oth-
ers of making millions of dollars overnight .But , could a dream like that come true in real life ? Well , it did happen to Peter
Johnson .
Peter was an auto mechanic .One day, he walked into the Union Trust Bank in Baltimore and took 5 , 000 dollars that did
not belong to him .The guards and other employees stood back and let him stuff the bills in his shirt and pants without trying to
prevent him from taking the money .No one tripped an alarm .No one pulled a gun .No one called the polioo .Why did they al-
low him to get away with it ?
Well , everything was legal .Peter had won a contest promoted by a Baltimore radio station .The first prize entited him to
enter the union Trust bank and gather up as much money as he could lay his hands within five minutes .Because he could not
bring any large bags or boxes into the bank , all the money had to be placed in his pockets .
As the time went by , Peter ran about wildly , trying to pick up as many large bills as he could find .When his time was up ,
he was out of breath , but was 5 , 000 richer .
14 .Why did Peter go the Union Trust bank ?
15 .What was Peter’s job ?
16 .What did the guards do when Peter started gathering the money ?
大
学 17 .Why didn’t Peter take more money from the bank ?
英 Passage Three
语
四 Larry Smith is one of the rescuers on the Golden Gate Bridge .His job is to save people who attempt to jump into the sea .
级 If the telephone rings at three in the morning , he knows it’s trouble .Someone is threatening to commit suicide .Larry will get
考 his things ready , and in no time he’ll be out the door and heading to the spot .
试
“If you aren’t too late , ”Larry says,“you climb out onto the cold steel and try to talk to the poor poul, and pull him any-
历 how back to safety .For many suicide attempts are made on the spur of the moment , and lives can be saved .But if you fall , If
年 the person jumps into the bottomless pool , there’s no describing how helpless you feel .Often , would - be jumpers are driven to
试
题 despair and see no hope out of their misery .The trick is to open channels of communication with them .Following are some
详 tricks that have worked‘If
: you’re going to jump , at least give me your mom’s phone number so I can call and tell her .’or
解
‘That’s a nice watch .If you’re going to jump , can I have it ?’Sometimes , all it takes is the voice of the human be - ing who
cares .”
243
Larry estimates he has rescued about thirty people in his ten years of service .
18 .What is Larry’s job ?
19 .What is happening if Larry’s phone rings at 3 o’clock in the morning ?
20 .What does Larry Smith usually do to stop someone from jumping off the bridge ?
1 .D 解析 : 这是一个推断题。男士不知鲍勃怎么还没到 , 就问女士该给鲍勃打电话还是去寻找他。女士认为
鲍勃可能遇到交通堵塞 , 就说 “Let’
: s give him a few more minutes”, 建议多等一会儿。结合上下文很易于推断出
答案。
2 .A 解析 : 这是一个细节题。男士问苏珊结婚后打算在哪儿住 , 苏珊回答说想住城中上班近 ( to live in the
downtown area near my work)。显然 A 是正确答案。
3 .C 解析 : 这是一个推断题。男士说想买一本富兰克林教授有关美国文化的书。女士回答说这书已脱销一段
时间了。谈话地点当然是书店。
4 .B 解析 : 这是一个理解题。女士说她把钥匙锁屋里了 , 不知该怎么办。男士虽然话中稍有责备 , 但还是深
明事理 , 建议一起平静地想对策 ( let’s calm down and try to figure things out )。第
5 .C 解析 : 这是一个细节题。首先要注意到这样一个细节“so we don’t have to do the spelling on the phone”。其次二
部
是要听清楚问题 ( What are the speakers doing ?)。分
6 .A 解析 : 这是一个理解题。其实只要听出“I want to buy some food for the picnic”, 结合选项就可以得出答案。
7 .B 解析 : 这也是一个理解题。听出“Registration for students whose last names begin with‘W’doesn’t start until to -
morrow”十分关键。
8 .C 解析 : 这是一个推断题 , 也是一个理解题。男士想了解纽约的天气情况 , 女士告之了纽约的天气情况之
后 , 还建议男士不打算久呆的话不必多带衣服。因此很容易得出答案 C。
9 .B 解析 : 这是一个推断题。女士抱怨说箱子里都放了些什么 , 根本没有玩具 , 问男士把玩具放哪儿了。男士
一看不是自己的箱子 , 因此认为一定是就餐时被旁边的老太太误拿了 ( The old lady must have taken ours by mis-
take )。
10 .A 解析 : 这是一个理解题。听清楚问句十分重要 ( Are you really leaving for Hong kong tomorrow morning ?)。而
且下文还有补充信息“I just can’t wait to see Bill there”。所以容易得出答案 A。
11 .D 12 .C 13 .C 14 .D 15 .C
16 .A 17 .D 18 .A 19 .D 20 .B
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehenslon 大

学
21 . B 解析 : 本文谈论的是未成年驾车者的问题 , 因此 A 和 C 被否定 , 从第一段和第二段内容综合来看 , 其事故英
语
原因有二 : 一是驾车时有搭载乘客 , 二是午夜后容易出事故 , 因此 B 为最佳选择。
四
22 . C 解析 : 由第三段第二行至第三行可知 , Robert Foss 认为未成年人驾车的事故率主要和“ a lack of driving ex- 级
perience”, 即缺乏经验有关 , 而并非是“really stupid behavior”。即愚蠢的行为。考
试
23 .D 解析 : 从第三段后半部分可知 , Robert Foss 说 “基本问题是
: , 负责发放驾驶执照的人没有认识到驾车是一
项复杂和需要技术的任务。”对应选项为 D。历
年
24 .D 解析 : 从第四段可知 , 研究者设立了一种新的具约束性的执照发放体系 , 即经过重重考验之后 , 未成年人
试
才可获得驾车的所有权利。对应选项为 D。题
25 . C 解析 : 最后一段第二行和第三行说到有一半的州已采用这种体系 , 但完善程序还不够 , 对应选项为 C。详
解
26 . C 解析 : 从第一段和第二段的大意来看 , 不仅仅是学位 , 工作经验或专业方面的训练也是用人单位考虑的
要素 , 因此 C 为正确选项。
244
27 . B 解析 : 文中原句的意思是 ,MBA 的证书的一开始可以带来高薪 , 而五年之后其冲击力将会逐渐减弱 , 结合

第四段内容可知 , 公司在提拔管理人员时 , 看中的是多面手而非专业能手 , 所以并不是因为五年之后 MBA 不受
欢迎 C 项 , 也不是因为 MBA 课程没有给学生打下坚实基础 ( A 项) , 或是五年之后人们忘记了 MBA 获得者曾得
到的学位 D 项。
28 .A 解析 “huts
: and bolts”为固定词组 , 表示某一工作的基本要点或组成部分。Scheetz 说这番话表达的意思
是 , 管理层人员应该是不拘泥于专业工作的细节 , 而是从全局考虑问题的人 , 对应项为 A, 即有战略头脑的人。
B. 艺术专长者 ; C. 有抱负 , 积极进取之人 ; D. 机械工艺方面受过训练的人。
29 .A 解析 : 最后一段前半部分已详细说明全学位的人才的素质应是交际能力 , 组织能力 , 适应能力 , 思维的开
放性及分析解决问题的能力 , 应对的选择项应为 A, 即能处理不同的情况。B 项刚好与此相反 ; C 项在文中虽有
对应信息 ( 最后一段倒数第五行 ) , 但不成其为选择人才的理由 ;D 项在文中无对应信息。
30 .D 解析 : 本题拟就文章大意对作者的态度观念进行推测 , 属于主旨题 , 本文的主旨在前几题的分析中已表
达清楚 , 对应项应为 D 项 , 即多面手将比专长手胜出 , A, B , C 在文中没有相关信息。
31 . B 解析 : 据第一段内容及第二、三段中的观点 , 可以推测出 B 项。A. 儿童心理问题的确定迹象 ; B . 不应该
第
二在儿童身上发生的问题 ; C. 儿童心理发展的必经阶段 ;D. 人类 , 包括儿童都会存在的心理状态。
部 32 . B 解析 : 从第五段第三行“Children have always been……”一句可以看出 : 成人是逐步地分阶段地告知孩子们
分成人世界的秘密 , 以前 , 我们告诉给六年级孩子的事情对五年级的孩子是保密的 , 对应选项为 B。
33 .A 解析 : 第六段清楚地显示了作者对电视对儿童的影响这一问题的态度 , 电视节目是不区分观众的 , 任何
信息都可以传播。这造成了儿童的成人化 , 对应项为 A. 电视的广泛影响。B . 教学内容没有得到管理 ; C . 人类
智力的快速发展 ; D. 生活水平的持续提高。
34 .D 解析 : 答案在最后一段第一句 , 意为书本能对孩子们可获得的社会信息进行有效控制 , 并综合上一段对
电视的评价 , 选项应为 D。
35 . B 解析 : 结合文章的主要内容 , 作者提出了对儿童早熟现象的思考 , 以期引起广泛关注 , 对应项为 B。A. 他
被孩子们的早熟行为逗乐了 ; C. 他认为这是积极的发展 ;D. 他对此感到不安。
36 .A 解析 : 最后一段说到 , 每人都有权利发表自己的看法 , 这不仅被允许 , 而且被保证 , 对应项为 A。
37 . B 解析 : 从第二段的举例说明可以看出 , 有时反驳别人的意见非但不可忍受 , 而且愚蠢 , 对应选项为 B。
38 . C 解析 : 本题与 37 题一脉相承 , 第二段后半段谈到有时反驳别人的意见是愚蠢 , 因为别人仅仅是在表达纯
粹个人的喜好 , 是品味的问题 , 所以不值得反驳。对应选项为 C。
39 .D 解析 : 第三段应用最高法庭一例说明 , 判决与个人喜好不同 , 原因在于其来自于调查研究之后得出的判
断。对应项为 D。A. 它是法庭上做出的宣判 ; B. 它反映公众的喜恶 ; C. 它是争论的结果。
大 40 . C 解析 : 根据最后一段可知 , 一个人可以按自己的看法行事 , 条件是不要伤害别人。对应项为 C。
学
英
语
四
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Stucture
级
考 41 .A 译文 : 激光发出的光束与电筒发出的光有多处不同。解析 : differ from 为固定搭配 , 意为“与……不同”。
试
A. 意为“发出 (光、气体等 ) , 发射 (导弹、火箭 ) ”; B . 意为“运输”; C. 意为“发动 , 驱动”; D. 意为“翻译”。
历 42 .D 译文 : 我们在饭店预订了房间 , 以免在到达时找不到空房。解析 :A. 意为“无论何时”; B. 意为“如果”; C.
年意为“自从”; D. 意为“以免 , 以防”, 后接虚拟语气 should + 动词原形 , should 有时也可省去。根据对句意的逻辑
试
题推理 , 应选 D。
详 43 .A 译文 : 现代交通讯方式对打破阿拉斯加与世隔绝的生活起到了很大作用 , (阿拉斯加为美国最北部的一
解个州 , 以寒冷著称) 。解析 :A. 意为“突破 (围攻 , 防线等 ) ”; B. 意为“机器故障 , 车辆抛锚”; C. 意为“闯入房屋 ,
打断别人谈话”;D. 意为“( 战争) 爆发”
245
44 .A 译文 : 我们从痛苦经历中明白到 : 自由永远不会由压迫者给出 , 而应由被压迫者要求而得到。解析 : A.

意为“不容否定的要求”, 后常跟权利、金钱等。; B . 意为“指挥”; C. 意为“需要 , 要求”; D. 意为“ (礼貌地 )要求”
45 . C 译文 : 一个人是否称职与其肤色、性别无关。解析 : 此题考的是“be relevant to”这一固定搭配 , 意为“与
……有关”
46 .A 译文 : 感谢来自世界各国的丰足食物 , 这些国家至今已多年没有感受到人口带来的压力了。解析 : A. 感
谢( 支持或帮助) ; B. 通过……方式 ; C. 与……平齐 , 与……相同 ;D. 考虑到。根据句意的逻辑推理 , 应选 A
47 . B 译文 : 研究学院应不计价格地为自己配备最新的电脑和科研方面的硬件。解析 : A. 意为“由于 , 因为”;
B. 意为“不考虑 ( 代价 , 花费等) ”; C. 意为“而且”, 表递进关系 ;D. 意为“更不用说”
48 .D 译文 : 三个大学被奖励六十万美金以促进其教学发展。解析 : A. 意为“提升 (职位等 ) , 促销”; B. 意为“包
括在内”; C. 意为“保证……的安全 , 挽救”;D. 意为“奖励”
49 . C 译文 : 快速发展的通讯技术正在改造着人们穿越时空的联系方式。解析 : A. 意为“心情”; B . 意为“使
命”; C. 意为“与人交往的态度”;D. 意为“视觉 , 视力 , 眼光 , 调察力”
50 . C 译文 : 琼斯先生强烈反对电脑游戏 , 主张关闭一切与此相关的游戏娱乐设施。解析 : A. 意为“辅助 , 协第
助”; B. 意为“承认”; C. 意为“提倡、主张”;D. 意为“许可 , 让……进入” 二
51 . C 译文 : 精细艺术的工作者通过其创造性的工作来传达思想和情感。解析 : A. 意为“ ( 无线电 , 电报机 ) 发部
分
送 , 传送 (电讯 , 音信等 )”; B. 意为“详尽地说明”eg .Just tell us the facts without wasting time on elaboration .只要简单
地告诉我们真相 , 不必浪费时间详细说明。C . 意为“传达 , 表达 ( 思想、感受等 )”eg .I can’t convey my feelings in
words .我无法以文字表达我的感受。D. 意为“贡献 , 奉献”
52 .A 译文 : 尽管很少 , 蚂蚁却和地球上其它的动物一样 , 是一种生灵。解析 : 本题主句中用到的是“ as… as…”
的比较结构 , 后一个 as 引导的是一个比较状语从句 , 且为倒装 , 其谓语动词应与主句谓语动词一致 , 主句中谓
语动词为 be 动词 , 而 animals 是复数形式 , 故选 A。
53 . B 译文 : 警察宣称被害人一定是从背后被人打击的。解析 :A、
C、D 三项均为虚拟语气过去式中主句谓语动
词的用法。Should have + 过去分词 , 及 ought to have + 过去分词表示“本来应该……”,would have + 过去分词 , 表
示“本来可以……”; B 项 must have + 过去分词为情态动词的特殊用法 , 表示对过去事情的肯定推测 , 故选 B。
54 . B 译文 : 找工作有时会令人沮丧和失望 , 所以你做些准备是很重要的。解析 :A. 剥削的 , 追求私利的 ; B. 令
人沮丧的 , 使人挫败的 ; C. 追求利润的 ; D. 误导的 Eg .Although at times, learning a language was frustrating , it was well
worth the effort .尽管有时学习语言会令人感到灰心丧气 , 但它却完全值得你所付出的努力。
55 .D 译文 : 英国政府常说应绝对优先考虑给孩子们提供通道进入信息高速公路。解析 :A. 程序 ; B . 保护 Eg .
So much time was spent on settling procedure that little actual business was finished at the party political meeting .该政党政
治会议在程序安排上花了很多时间以致实际事务完成得很少。C. 允许 , 顾及 , 津贴 Eg .Most people who travel in 大
the course of their work are given traveling allowances .大部分人出差时都可拿到出差津贴。D. 通道 , 入口 , 进入的途学
径或权利 , 多与“ to”搭配 Eg .Students need easy allies to books .学生需要有方便的借书途径。英
语
56 . C 译文 : 夏威夷大学的路易斯・霍尔曼已设计出了一系列新实验 , 在此实验中 , 一些动物已学会理解语句。四
解析 :A. 装设 , 装置机器等 ; B. 配备 , 装备 Eg .They can’t afford to equip their army properly .他们无力把军队好好装级
考
备起来。C. 计划 , 发明 Eg .He devised an instrument to measure light waves .他发明了一种测量光波的仪器。D. 安
试
排形式或格式。比较四个词义的区别 , 选 C 项。
57 .A 译文 : 伊利诺斯大学的研究者们已确定 , 父亲参与有助于提高孩子的学习成绩。解析 :A. 牵涉 , 参与 , 卷历
年
入在本题中意义为父亲参与到孩子的学习事务当中来。B. 相互作用、相互影响 ; C. 联合、联合会、协会 Eg .My
试
association with that firm didn’t last long .我与那家公司的合作没有持续多久。D. 通讯 , 交流 , 沟通题
58 .D 译文 : 我们接受你的订货 , 条件是必须提前付款。解析 : A. 相信 …… ; B . 目的是 …… ; C . 作为…… 的辩详
解
解 Eg .On the excuse he failed in the exam he said he had been ill .他以生病来作为他考试失败的借口。D. 以……作
为条件 Eg .She will join us on the condition that we divide all the profits equally .她加入我们的条件是 , 我们所有的盈利
246
要均分。
59 . C 译文 : 信托行业里许多人希望信用卡可以最终在几乎所有买卖中替代纸钞。解析 : A. 交换 ; B. 减少 ; C.
代替 ;D. 贸易 , 交易。根据题意分析 , 应选 C。
60 .D 译文 : 在这新年里 , 您做出的任何捐献都可以帮我们减轻无家可归者的贫若和狐单。解析 : A. 提升 ; B.
补缀( 在衣服上) ; C. 安慰 , 抚慰 , ( 宾语常为人 ) ;D. 减轻 , 缓解 , ( 宾语常为伤痛 , 疾患等) Eg .I eased him of his dif-
ficulty by telling him what to do .我告诉他怎么做 , 帮他解决困难。
61 .A 译文 : 在印度有一百多种语言被使用 , 其中仅有十四种被确认为官方语言。解析 : 此题考的是介词 + 定
语从句的形式 ,which 的先行词应为 More than one hunderd languages , 即 Only fourteen of them are recognized as official .
故选 A。
62 . B 译文 : 对睡眠的处理技巧包括学会同时控制身心 , 这样才会有睡眠产生。解析 :A. 培养 , 培植 ( 植物或习
惯 , 爱好 ) ; B. 推动 , 推进 ; C. 加工 , 处理 , 小心检查 ; D. 加强 , 加固 Eg .The friendship between them strengthened during
the crisis .危机中 , 他们两人间的友谊加强了。
63 .D 译文 : 区分语法规则和书面语言的习惯是很重要的。解析 : A. 确定 , 如选 A, 原句应为 determine the differ-
第 ence between… ; B. 确定 , 确认 , 识别。解释同 A; C. 探索 , 开发 , 探测 , Eg .to explore all the possibilities .探索所有的
二
部可能性。D. distinguish between… and…为固定表达式 , 表示“区分……和……之不同”。故选 D。
分 64 .A 译文 : 现在还很难说 IBM 公司的竞争者能否以可负担的花费让他们的产品适应新的硬件。解析 : A. 让
……适应 ; B. 坚持 , stick to 为固定搭配 , 意为“坚持 ( 意见 )等”; C . 让步 yield to 意为“向……让步”; D. 采纳或收
养( 孩子等 )。本题考的是 adapt… to…这一固定搭配 , 表示“调整……以适应……”Eg .He adapted an old car engine
to drive his boat .他改造了旧车引擎来推动他的小艇。
65 . B 译文 : 这一研究吸引了所有相关人士的关注 , 并已在 BBC 电视台的“明日世界”里播出。解析 : 定冠词加
上形容词可表示某一类人 , the involved 意为所有有关人士。A. 数据 ; B. 卷入 , 和某事相关 ; C. 随函附寄 ; D. 包
含其中
66 . C 译文 : 我刚发出信就记起来我忘了随信附上支票。解析 : A. 强加 ; 强迫。 Eg .The conquerors imposed diffi-
cult conditions of peace on the defeated enemy .征服者提出苛刻的和平条件强加于战败的敌人身上。B. 卷入 , 包括 ,
以……作为结果 ; C . 随函封入 ;D. 包括 , 包含在内。
67 . B 译文 : 她脸上的表情很紧张 , 似乎预知有麻烦。解析 : A. 就算是 , 哪怕是 ; B . 同“as if , ”似乎 , 好象 ; C. 哪
怕当……的时候 ; D. 既然 Eg .Now that he has come ,we can start our meeting .既然他已经来了 , 我们可以开始会议
了。
68 .A 译文 : 他们因为是外国人 , 而未被允许参观军事展览。解析 : A. 否定 ( 事实 ) , 剥夺 ( 权利或机会 ) Eg .He
大 was denied the opportunity to go to school because of poverty .他由于贫穷而被剥夺了上学的机会。B. 常与 of 连用 , 表

学示“剥夺”; C . 否认 ; 否定 ; 拒绝 ; D. 反对 ; 拒绝接受 Eg .To choose the good apples and reject the bad ones .挑好的苹
英果 , 把坏的挑出来。
语
四 69 . B 译文 : 看到我的名字出现在印刷品上 , 我有一种奇怪的兴奋感。解析 : A. 希望 ; 愿望 Eg .She doesn’t like
级 the prospect of having to live alone .她不喜欢将来独居。B. 印刷 ; 印刷品 ; 印迹 ; 痕迹 Eg .His books haven’t been in
考 print for 20 years .他的书已经绝版二十年了。C. 过程 ; 小心检查 ; D. 按 , 压 ; 出版社 ; 新闻界
试
70 .A 译文 : 居民们在割草坪 , 洗车 , 或者就是懒洋洋地打发掉一个明媚的晴天。解析 : A.“ idle away”为固定搭
历配 , 表示“不做事而虚度光阴”。B. 带走 , 拿走 ; C. 赶走 ; D. 赶走 , 撵走
年
试
题
详
解
247
S1 .a fast route to wealth .

解析 : 答案在第一段第三行 “sports , can be fast route to wealth , and many athletes play more for money than for love .”
S2 .Money 解释同上。
S3 .A wreath of olive leaves .
解析 : 答案在第二段第一句。
S4 .professional
解析 : 答案从第二段后半部分推测 “ , the contests become increasingly less amateur .” “ less amateur”意为“more pro-
fessional”。
S5 .barred
解析 : 答案在第三段第二行 “The , rules bar athletes who…”
S6 .He gave up running forever . 第
解析 : 答案在第三段第五行。二
S7 .Ski equipment to fast food . 部
分
解析 : 答案在第三段最后一行。
S8 .(1) hotel (2) medal ,symbols, Tv rights, souvenirs, food and drinks .
解析 : 答案在第四段第三行。
Part Ⅴ Writing
The Day My Classmate Fell Ill

When I first saw the title on my test paper ,what occurred to me it one fo the most tiring yet most valuable experiences in
my life .It hapened almost two years ago ,when we were just became freshmen in the university .Arter a demanding day of mili-
tary training , every one of us hungered for sleep so much so that we even ignored our supper in order to fall asleep earlier .We
were in our sound sleep when I was suddenly waken up by groans .It was the“Big Head”from the upper bed .It seemed that he
was in acute pain of stomachache .I quickly wake up all my roommates ,who decided that we had no time to lose and must send
him to hospital as soon as possible .All of us were in quick action .It was quite hot out there and the “Big Head”was big and
fat .In spite of all these ,we managed to carry him to the hospital in time .It was a narrow escape since the doctor told us that
a little time later the“Big Head” would be in danger .We were very tired .to tell the truth ; but relieved , too .
The whole thing is still so clear in my mind as if it happened last night .I learned that the affection and help between each
大
other is important since we live as a society , not as an individual .We are indispensable to others just as others are in - dis- 学
pensable to us .I am sure that it will give me some illumination to my future life in this changeable world . 英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
248
Section A
1 .M: I like the color of this shirt .Do you have a larger size ?
W :This is the largest in this color .Other colors come in all sizes .
2 .M: Look , the view is fantastic .Could you take a picture of me with the lake in the back ground ?
W : I am afraid I just ran out of film .
Q: What do you learn from the conversation ?
3 .M: The food in this restaurant is horrible .If only we’d gone to the school dining hall .
第 W : But the food isn’t everything .Isn’t it just nice to get away from all the noise ?
二
部 Q: What can we learn from the conversation ?
分 4 .W : Can I help you sir ?
M: Can you show me the way to gate 9 for flight 901 to Hong Kong ? I am quite confused here .
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place ?
5 .W :My headache is killing me .I thought it was going away, but now it is getting worse and worse .
M: I told you yesterday to make an appointment .
6 .M : I’d like to but I am already five minutes late for my appointment with Mr .Johnson .And his office is on the other side of
the campus .
W: Can you give me a hand Mike ? I want to move a few heavy items into the car .
Q: What will the man most probably do ?
7 .M: I think you’d better find another partner .I love table tennis , but I don’t think I am improving .
W :Look Paul it’s still too early to quit .Nobody expects you to be a superstar .
8 .M: Would you like to try the banana pie ? It’s incredible .
W :To tell the truth .I don’t care much for desert .
大
学 Q: What does the woman say about the banana pie ?
英 9 .M: I am exhausted .I stayed up the whole night studying for my midterm math exam ?
语
W :Why do you always wait until the last minute ?
四
级 Q: What does the woman imply ?
考 10 .M: I really can’t afford any more interruptions right now .I’ve got to finish the assignment .
试
W: Sorry, just one more thing .Could you give me a ride to school tomorrow ?
历 Q: What can be inferred from the conversation ?
年 Section B
试
题 Passage One
详 Do you remember a time when people were a little nicer and gentler with each other ? I certainly do .And I feel that much
解
of the world has somehow gotten away from that .Too often I see people rushing into elevators without giving those inside a
chance to get off first , or never saying thank you ,when others hold a door open for them .We get lazy and in our laziness we
249
think that something like a simple thank you doesn’t really matter .But it can matter very much .The fact is that no matter how
nicely we dress or how beautifully we decorate our homes,we can’t be truly elegant unless we have good manners , because el-
egance and good manners go always hand in hand .In fact I think of good manners as a sort of hidden beauty secret .Haven’t
you noticed that the kindest most generous people seem to keep getting prettier ? It’s funny how that happens, but it does .Take
the long lost art of saying thank you .Like wearing a little makeup , or making sure your hair neat .Getting into the habit of say-
ing thank you can make you feel better about yourself .Good manners add to your image , while an angry face makes the best
dressed person look ugly .
12 .What does the speaker say about people of the past ?
13 .According to the speaker how can we best improve our image ?
Passage Two
“Go to the playground and have fun , ”parents will often say to their kids .But they should remember playgrounds can be 第
dangerous .Each year about 200 , 000 children end up in hospital emergency rooms with playground injuries .Many injuries in- 二
volve falls from too high equipment onto too hard surfaces .Nearly 70 percent of the injuries happen on public playgrounds .Re- 部
分
cent studies show they may be badly designed , their protective surfaces are inadequate , and their equipment is poorly main-
tained .Parents should make sure that the equipment in the playground is safe and that children are playing safely .Last year ,
the national program for playground safety gave the nation’s playgrounds a grade of C for safety after visiting more than 3000
playgrounds nationwide .Parents should watch closely .They should always be within shouting and running distance of their chil-
dren .Young children don’t understand cause and effect .So they may run in front of moving swings .They’re also better at
climbing up than at getting down .So they may panic at the top of a ladder .It’s important for children to know you’re watching
them .Once they feel that sense of security, that’s when they can be creative .
14 .What is the cause of playground injuries ?
15 .What should parents do to prevent playground injuries ?
16 .What does the speaker say about young children ?
Passage Three
For twenty - five years I was a full time thief, specializing in picking pockets .Where I come from in southeast London
that’s an honorable profession .Anyone can break in a house and steal things, but picking somebody’s pocket takes skill .My
sister and I were among the most successful pickpocket teams in London .We worked hotel and theatre lobbies, airports, shop- 大
ping centers and restaurants .Now we don’t steal anymore , but this crime is worldwide .Here’s how to protect yourself .Profes- 学
英
sion pickpockets do not see victims, only handbags , jewels and money .Mothers with babies , the elderly , and the disabled are all
语
fair game .My preferred target was the lone female , handbag at her side , the right side to be exact .So if I’
m next to her , I can 四
reach it cautiously with my right hand across my body .Only about one woman in a thousand carries her bag on the left , and I 级
考
tended to steer clear of them .Women whose bags are hanging in front of them are tricky for the pickpocket as there isn’t a 试
blind side .If you want to make it even harder , use a bag with handles rather than a strap .For men one of the best places to
keep a wallet is in the back pocket of tight trousers .You’ll feel any attempts to move it .Another good place is in the buttoned 历
年
up inside pocket of a jacket .There is just no way in .Even better , keep wallets attached to a cord or chain that is fastened to a 试
belt .A pickpocket needs targets who are relaxed and off guard .The perfect setting is a clothing store .When customers wander 题
among the racks they are completely absorbed in the items they hold up .The presence of a uniformed security guard is even 详
解
better .A false sense of security makes a pickpocket’s job much simpler .
250

17 .Why does the speaker say that picking somebody’s pocket is an honorable profession in southeast London ?
18 .According to the speaker ,who is most likely to become a victim of pickpockets ?
19 .In the speaker’s opinion ,what is the best place for a man to keep his wallet ?
20 .What is the perfect setting for picking pockets according to the speaker ?
1 .D 2 .C 3 .A 4 .C 5 .B
6 .D 7 .C 8 .A 9 .B 10 .D
11 .A 12 .D 13 .C 14 .B 15 .D
16 .A 17 .B 18 .D 19 .D 20 .A
第 21 .D 解析 : 依据本文第一段第一句“I’m usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are ei-
二 ther . . .”中的 skeptical 与选的 questionable 为同义词关系 , 故 D 正确。
部 22 . B 解析 : 根据第三段内容“Given that we can’t turn the clock back , adults can still do plenty to help the next genera-
分
tion cope .”故 B 为最佳选择。
23 . C 解析 : 根据第一段最后一句 “
: In fact , the analysis showed , normal children ages 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of
anxiety . . .”。故 C 为最佳选择。
24 . C 解析 : 依据第四段内容。所以 C 是最佳选择。
25 .A 解析 : 依据文章最后一段 , 这正是选项 A 所表达的意思。
【参考译文】
通常情况下我对任何有关现代人比 50 年前的人的幸福或不幸这类研究结论持怀疑态度。尽管这些说法
中的任何一个可能是真实的 , 但是实际上我们不可能科学地证明它们。我被一个报道震惊了 , 这个报道说现在
的普通孩子比 50 年以前的孩子表现出更多的精神上的焦虑。实际上 , 这个分析表明今天九至十七岁的正常孩
子比 50 年以前患精神病的孩子表现出一种更高水平上的焦虑。
美国的小孩为什么如此受压抑 ? 报道暗示了两个主要原因 : 一个是被高离婚率和少参加社团活动等等而
引起的身体孤独感 , 另一个是认为世界是一个更危险的地方的这一观念。
鉴于我们不能把历史的时钟倒转过来 , 这说明我们不可能回到从前 , 也就不可能改变孩子们所面临的社会
现状。
大
学解决孩子心理问题的首要措施是限制他们的个人主义的发展倾向 , 增强他们同社会的联系。
英为了帮孩子与他人建立较强的联系 , 你可以让他们远离电视和电脑。你的家人以后会感谢你的。他们有
语更多的时间去和别人面对面的交流 , 由此他们会安心的睡更多的觉。
四
级限制你的孩子玩电视游戏和电影 , 让他们少看那些凶杀案和犯罪的新闻。
考对你的孩子的期望值不要太高。很多成功人士从来没有进入哈佛或耶鲁。
试
每天参加煅炼等活动将有助于你摆脱自己的焦虑。尽管焦虑是不可避免的 , 但是它并不会毁灭你的生活。
历【词语注释】
年 skeptical[ skeptikl ] adj . 不肯相信的 , 常怀疑的
试
题 practically[ pr ktikli ] adv . 几乎 , 实际上
详 given[ givn] prep . 考虑到
解【难句点拨】
In fact , the analysis showed , normal children ages 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were
251
treated for mental illness 50 years age .

“normal children ages 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety . . .”是一个宾语从句 , 宾语从句中又包含着一个限
定性定语从句 who treated for mental illness 50 years age , 它修饰 children .
26 .D 解析 : 依据文章第一句话 “It
: is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement . . .wage increases .故 D 正确。
27 . B 解析 : 文章第一段第二句 “One
: thing , however , is certain : your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are
less if you don’t at least ask for it .”所以 B 为最佳选择。
28 .A 解析 : 第三段第一句 “It
: would be nice if we all . . .to most organizations .”故 A 是最好选择。
29 .D 解析 : 依据文章第四段内容。故 D 正确。
30 . C 解析 : 文章最后一段 , 故 C 正确。
【参考译文】
在进入企业的时候谈妥薪水是比较容易的。一旦你进入到该企业 , 其约束可能会影响到你加薪。如果你
不主动要求的话 , 那么你获得晋升的机会会小得多。要求更多 , 得到的会更多 , 不仅仅是工资会增加 , 还会获得
其它的一些好处。现在来听听 Beth 的故事 : 第
当我没有要求时我没有得到我所想要的。我的公司有小隔间办公室和带窗户的办公室。我和几个男同事二
坐在小隔间办公室。他们一个一个地搬进了带窗户的办公室 , 而我仍然在小隔间 , 甚至比我后进公司的几位员部
分
公也搬进了窗户办公室。一个同事特别告诉我他正在给办公室里的人联系 , 为工作而谈判的事。我猜想他们
认为我满足于呆在小隔间 , 因为我从来没有以任何方式发表我的意见。
如果公司能够根据个人的才能自动给员工加薪的话 , 那么自然很好 , 但是这种好事在大多数的企业是不可
能的。如果你觉得值得提薪 , 你得自己去要求。
个人的表现是要求加薪的最好筹码。你必须向你的老板表现出值得让他给你加薪的东西。选择恰当的时
间也是一个很好的筹码。如果在做出加薪决定之前你能够给你的老板提供他所需要的东西 ( 如一位新的客户
或一份有分量的合同等 ) , 你得到加薪的可能性会更大。
把信息也作为一个筹码。查清楚在这个开放的市场你到底值多少。
如果是别的老板 , 他会为你所作的工作而付多少薪水。
加薪谈判要取得成功 , 你就必须在适当的时候拿出你的筹码 , 并使得谈判的方向朝着有利于你的方向发
展。
【词语注释】
negotiation[ ni g u i ei n] n . 商议 ; 谈判
in particular 尤其 , 特别
automatic [ : t m tik] adj . 自动的大
【难句点拨】学
Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared to use communica- 英
语
tion style to guide the direction of the interaction . 四
两个 prepared 前面都省略了 which are , 由 and 把这两个并列定语从句连接起来作 negotiations 的定语。级
考
31 . B 解析 : 第二段最后一句 “For
: makers of fine china in Britain , it spells economic herd - times .”所以 B 是最佳答
试
案。
32 . B 解析 : 第五段第二句“In a time of long work hours and denanding . . .dinner party .”故 B 为正确答案。历
年
33 .D 解析 : 见 31 题的解释。另外 , 第四段第二句 “
: A spokesman for Rayal Dulton admitted . . .toward casual dining .”
试
故 D 为最佳选择。题
34 . C 解析 : 第四段第二句指出公司面临的这种困境主要是没有及时抓住就餐简单随意的这种发展趋势。而详
解
人们生活方式的这种变化趋势主要是由于繁忙的工作安排所改。故 C 为最佳选择。
35 .A 解析 : 根据最后一段第二句 “The
: fine points of etiquette that children might once have learned at the table by . . .
252
must be picked up elsewhere .

【参考译文】
当圣诞聚餐来临时 , 一些家人坚持按照祖母那一代一样遵循传统的规矩。桌子上应该摆放精美的餐具 , 穿
着也应该正式。
但是在很多其它的家庭 , 精美的陶瓷已让位于一种粗陶而且过节的形式完全是一种无害的随便 , 人们的穿
着也是一样的随便。对主人和客人来说 , 这种改变更多地意味着简单化和舒适化。对于英国的高级陶瓷工业
来说是一个发展的艰难时期。
上个星期在 Stoke - on - Trent , 最大的雇主 Royal Doulton 宣布取消了一千个职位 , 相当于总劳动力的五分之
一。这一事情致使在十八个月内陶瓷行业丢失了四千多个职位。威基伍德陶器和其它的陶器厂更早地降低产
量。
Royal Doulton 承认公司并没有及时地了解这种现代生活的趋势———随意就餐。家人在一起吃饭的机会越
来越少 , 更多的人是单独一人吃饭 , 或者因为他们是一个人就索性在电视前吃饭。
甚至只要可能晚宴都很随便。在这样一个工作强度大 , 家庭计划安排紧密的时代 , 那些工作繁忙的主人宁
第愿选择简单的就餐方式。他们宁愿在卧室里享受纸盘的意大利脆饼也不愿去等待一次丰盛的晚宴。通常这精
二
部彩的一刻从来不会到来。熨好一张精美的桌布 ? 忘记它吧 , 擦银器 ? 谁有时间 ?
分尽管那种正统的礼仪在丢失。孩子们通过观察或是从父母和祖父母那里学到的礼仪也会在其他场合用得
上。一些公司还对其员工进行礼仪培训 , 这些员工一般在专业上很称职 , 但是在社交上很无奈。
【词语注释】
formality[f : m l ti ] n . 规范 , 正统
assume[ sju : m] v . 设想 , 以为
shift [ ift] n . 改变 , 转变
【难句点拨】
In a time of long work hours and demanding family schedules, busy hosts insist , rightly, that it’s better to share a takeout
pizza on paper plates in the family room than to wait for the perfect moment or “
a real”dinner party .
“In a time of long work hours and demanding family schedules”时间短语作状语。主语是“busy hosts”, that 引导一
个宾语从句“it’s better to share a takeaut pizza . . .dinner party .”宾语从句中 it 是形式主语 , 两个不定式是真正的主
语。
36 . C 解析 : 依据第三段第二句 “In
: Hugo’s wake , all new shoreline houses are required to meet stricter , better - enforced
codes .故 C 为最佳选择。
37 .A 解析 : 依据第四段最后一句 :“ The house’s wooden frame is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra
大
学 strength .”故 A 正确。
英 38 .D 解析 : 依据第五段内容。D 为最佳选择。
语
四 39 . B 解析 : 第六段的第二句 “The
: shell masks the pilings so that the house doesn’t look like it’s standing with its pant
级 legs pulled up .”故 B 正确。
考 40 . C 解析 : 文章最后一段最好一句“In the event of a storm surge, the shell should break apart and let the waves rush
试
under the house , the architect explained .”故 C 为最佳选项。
历【参考译文】
年一些房屋被设计得很灵巧。另一些房屋有灵巧的设计。美国建筑学院的获奖作品就是一例。这种获奖的
试
题房子坐落在南卡罗莱纳州苏里文岛沿岸 , 形状似堤坝。它被用来代替十年前那些被飓风雨果摧毁成片的房子。
详 1989 年 9 月 , Hugo(雨果 )袭击了南卡罗莱纳州 , 18 人丧生 36 ,000 所房子被毁。
解
Hugo 袭击以前 , 根据建筑师 Ray Huff 的说法南卡罗莱纳沿海一带建的新房子建造质量差 , 也没有严格的遵
循建筑规则。Ray Huff 因此很有创意地设计了堤坝房屋。在飓风“雨果( Hugo)”造成的毁灭性破坏的警示下 , 所
253
有的新建筑都必须满足更严格 , 强度更大的要求。这种新的堤坝房屋在苏里文岛将能够经受住每小时 179 至
209 千米的 3 级飓风。
一眼看上去 , 苏里文岛上的房屋除了不像飓风以外什么都像。据一个观察者说 , 它的红木外壳使它在晚上
看起来像一个大灯笼。但是外表容易使人受骗。为了获得额外的强度 , 房子的木制筐架用长钢棒加强了强度。
为了进一步保护房子不受飓风的破坏 , Huff 用木桩将房子抬高了 2 .7 米。桩子可能看得好像不安全 , 但是
它们足够强大到支撑整个房子的重量。这些木桩使房子高出咆哮的潮水很多。打桩的目的是为了让潮水能够
从房子底下冲过去 , 而不冲进房子里面。Huff 说 “
: 这些高涨的潮水以及快的速度冲上岸使岸边的建筑物毁于
一旦。”
Huff 设计的木桩部分地被房子从地面到层顶这个壳掩盖起来了。Huff 说 “
: 外壳包住了桩子 , 就可以避免
桩子看起来像穿着短裤的腿。”到洪水的冲击 , 外壳应该很容易破裂 , 所以让大水从房子底下冲过去。
【词语注释】
enforcement[ in f : sment ] n . 执行 , 加强
resemble[ ri zembl ] v . 相似 , 像第
deceive[ di si : v] v . 欺骗 , 误解二
部
【难句点拨】分
Located on the shore of Sullivan’s Island off the coast of South Carolina, the award—winning cube - shaped beach house
was built to replace one smashed to pieces by Hurricane Hugo 10 years ago .
“Located on the shore of sullivan’s Island off the coast of South Carolina”是原因状语从句。主语是“the award - win-
ning cube - shaped . . .”
41 . C 译文 : 他要我们帮他们执行其计划。解析 : provide 供应 , 供给 ; arouse 意为“唤起 , 激起 ; 唤醒”; assist 帮助 ,

协助 , 支援 ; persist ( in) 坚持 , 固执 (所为、所信 ) 。
42 .D 译文 : 正如大家原先所预料的那样 , 代表们提出了许多建议。解析 : 这里只有 as 可用来引导非限制性定
语从句 , 相当于 which。
43 . B 译文 : 他是一个充满活力的演讲者 , 在三个小时的演讲中时时刻刻都吸引着我们的注意力。解析 : dy-
namic 精力充沛的 , 有活力的 ; specific 明确的 , 详尽的 , 清楚的 ; heroic 英雄的 , 勇士的 ; diplomatic 有外交手腕的 , 老
练的。
大
44 . C 译文 : 到家后 , 男孩把寝室里发生的事情告诉了父母。解析 : incident 指小事情 , 小事件 ; occasion 场合 , 时学
机 , 机会 ; matter 物质 , 物体 ; issue 意为“问题 , 争论点 ; 发行 , 发行物”。英
语
45 . B 译文 : 岩石之间的空间非常小 , 但是男孩设法挤了过去。解析 : squeeze 意为“ ( 使 ) 挤进 ; 压挤 , 压榨 ; 勉强
四
通过”; press 压 , 按 , 推 ; stretch 意为“拉伸 , 伸展 ; 扩张 , 扩大 ; 伸开 , 延续”; leap 跳 ; 跳跃 , 跳越。级
46 .D 译文 : 他们竭力利用工厂排出的废物以从中牟利。解析 : exploit 利用 , 开采 ; expose ( to) 意为“使暴露于 ( 日考
试
光、风雨等 ) , 使遭受 ( 危险等) ; 泄露 (秘密 ) 等”; exhaust 使筋疲力尽 ; exhibit 意为“展示 , 陈列 , 展览 ; 表示 (感情、性
质等) ”。历
年
47 . B 译文 : 经理强烈要求他的职员不要错过这个绝好的机会。解析 : miss 意为“未中 ( 目标 ) ; 没能搭上 ( 车
试
等) ; 错失 ( 机会) ”; drop 意为“下降 ; 落下 ; 下跌”; escape (from) 意为“逃走 ; 逃亡 ; 逃避”;slide 滑过 , 缓慢潜行。题
48 .A 译文 : 尽管我欣赏作为诗人的大卫 , 但是我并不喜欢他的为人。解析 : much as 尽管 , 不管……程度多高 ; 详
解
if only 若是……那该多好啊 ; as much 同样多。
49 . C 译文 : 由于原先定好的约会 , 劳拉不能参加我上周六举行的生日派对。解析 : prior( to) 意为“预先的 ; 在前
254
的”; pioneer 开拓的 , 开拓者的 ; premature 过早的 , 草率的 , 时机未成熟的 ; past 过去的。
50 .A 译文 : 连续的大雨使谷物的收割推迟了两周。解析 : set back 阻碍 , 使…… 延迟 ( 某段时间 ) ; set off 意为
“出发 , 动身 , 启程 ; 开动 , 启动”; set out 意为“出发 , 动身 ; 着手 ; 陈列 , 装饰 ; 宣布 , 明白陈述”;set aside 意为“保留 ,
储蓄 ; 宣告无效 , 驳回 , 废止”。
51 .A 译文 : 对英语掌握不熟练可能会成为你达到自己目标过程中的重大障碍。解析 : obstacle 障碍 ( 物) , 妨碍 ,
an obstacle to( progress) (进步 ) 的障碍 ; fault 过错 , 缺点 , 毛病 ; offense 触怒 , 不悦 , 冒犯 ; distress 意为“痛苦 , 苦恼 ; 麻
烦 , 困境”。
52 .D 译文 : 孩子睡觉时你轻声说话 , 真是太体贴了。解析 : considerate 体贴的 , 体谅他人的 , 考虑周到的 ; con-
cerned 有关 (方面 )的 , 被牵连的 , 优虑的 ; careful 谨慎的 , 小心的 ; considerable 相当大的 ; 相当多的。
53 . B 译文 : 许多被看好的球员都已经离开网坛。解析 : disappear 消失 , 不见 ; dispose ( to) 有 ……倾向 , 有意于 ;
discourage 使丧失勇气 , 使气馁 , 使沮丧 ; discard 放弃 , 丢弃 , 抛弃。
54 .A 译文 : 她晕过去了 , 泼些水在她的脸上 , 她就会醒过来的。解析 : come round 恢复知觉 ; 苏醒过来 ( = come
to) ; come along 进展 , 进步 , 进行 ; come on 出现 , 出场 ; come out( 照片上) 显露 , 结果是。
第 55 . C 译文 : 一切想把孩子从着火的房子中救出来的努力都是徒劳的。解析 : rescue (from ) 营救 , 救出 ; regain 意
二
部为“取回 , 收回 ; 恢复 ( 健康等) ; 再到 , 回到 ( 某地、某种状态 )”; recover 恢复 , 收回 , 恢复 ( 健康等 ) ; reserve 预订 , 预
分约。
56 . B 译文 : 计算机技术将给工商管理带来一场革命。解析 : bring around 使复苏 , 使恢复健康 ; bring about 引起 ,
造成 ; bring out 揭露 , 显示 , 解释 ; bring up 培养 , 提出 , 引出。
57 .D 译文 : 大学建立了一个研究中心 , 主要是为了开发一种新的办法以便对付具有抗药性的细菌。解析 :
combat 跟……战斗 , 斗争 ; regulate 意为“调节 ( 温度、速度等 ) , 调整 ; 校准 ( 机器、钟表等 ) ”; halt 停止 , 停顿下来 ;
interrupt 阻断 , 中断。
58 . C 译文 : 这本书的总体目标是消除研究和教学之间的隔阂 , 尤其是研究者和教师之间的隔阂。解析 : overall
全部的 , 总的 ; joint 共有的 , 共同的 ; intensive 密集的 , 集中的 , 强烈的 , 增强的 ; decisive 决定性的。
59 .D 译文 : 通信技术的快速发展正在改变人们在不同时空的联系方式。解析 : route 路 , 路线 , 路程 ; transmission
传递 , 移转 , 传播 ; vision 视力 , 视觉 , 眼光 ; manner 做事的方法 , 事情发生的方式。
60 .A 译文 : 如果可能的话 , 我晚上骑车出去 , 而不用汽车。解析 : rather than 而不是 ; regardless of 不顾 , 不管 ; in
spite of 尽管 ; other than 除了。
61 . B 译文 : 没有可靠证据表明 , 人们可以控制自己的梦境 , 至少实验室实验状态如此。解析 : solid 可靠的 , 殷
实的 ; rigid 坚决的 , 坚定不变的 ;smooth 平稳的 , 不颠簸的 ; harsh 严厉的 , 残酷的 , 无情的。
62 .A 译文 : 每种文化都对某些食物和饮料有特殊的偏好 , 对其他的一些食物和饮料则表现出强烈的排斥。解
大
学析 : preference 偏爱 , 嗜好 , 优先 ; expectation 期待 , 预料 , 指望 ; fantasy 空想 , 幻想 ; fashion 时髦 , 时尚。
英 63 .D 译文 : 据说在人权问题上 , 乌拉圭理解而且支持中国。解析 : back( 用金钱 ) 资助 , 支持 , 援助 ; grant 准予 ,
语
四准许 ; abandon 抛弃 , 舍弃 , 离弃 ; change 改变 , 变化。
级 64 .A 译文 : 只有几个人能够了解事件的真相。解析 : have/ gain/ get/ obtain access to 能够接近 , 能够会见 , 可以进
考入 , 可以使用 ; contact 联系 ; resort to 诉诸于 , 采取 ; path to 通向……的道路。
试
65 . B 译文 : 他竭尽全力跳过篱笆的时候把裤子扯烂了。解析 : split 意为“裂开 ; 劈开 ; 撕开”; crack 意为“破裂 ;
历打破”; break“打破 ; 打碎”; burst 使裂开 , 突破 , 冲破。
年 66 . C 译文 : 至今为止 , 季风和洋流依旧把大片的石油保留在大西洋的东南海岸。解析 : prevailing 占优势的 , 主
试
题要的 , 有力的 ; governing 治理的 , 统治的 ; blowing 打击的 ; ruling 统治的。
详 67 .D 译文 : 作者要求上交一篇有 200 字摘要的研究论文。解析 : abstract 意为“摘要 ; 摘录”; edition 版 , 版本 , 版
解
次 ; editoral 社论 ; article 文章。
68 . C 译文 : 随着旧帝国的解体和新国家的建立 , 新的官方语言也快速地发展起来。解析 : spring up 跳上来 , 发
255
生 , 萌芽 , 出现 ; bring up 教育 , 培养 , 提出 ; build up 树立 , 增大 ;strike up 开始演奏 , 建立起。

69 .A 译文 : 许多病人坚持住院时戴手表 , 尽管他们没有日程需要遵守。解析 : since 既然 , 因为 ; even though 即
使 ; for 因为 , 但 for 表示原因的时候一般用作补充说明 ; as if 仿佛。
70 .D 译文 : 有些植物对光线很敏感 , 它们更喜欢呆在阴凉的地方。解析 : sensitive ( to) 敏感的 ; sensible (和 of 搭
配比较多 ) 可感觉的 ; 能注意到的 ; objective( 不和 to 搭配 ) 客观的 , 真实的 ; flexible ( 不和 to 搭配 ) 易弯曲的 , 灵活
的 ; 有伸缩性的。
Part Ⅳ Cloze
71 .A 解析 : 这里是考察 very 的用法 , the very 或 that very 表示就是那个 , 起强调作用。这句话表示一天早上你
挥手向上学的孩子告别 , 到了那天晚上你带着同情的眼光看着挑灯夜战的孩子。
72 .D 解析 : 这句话的意思是“在提高教育水平的竞赛中 , 学校不断把书本扔给孩子”。无疑学校是给孩子书本
的主体。第
二
73 . B 解析 : 根据前后文的关系 , 这里应该是表示递进。这句话的意思是“即使是小学生都在抱怨家庭作业的部
压力”。所以用 even。分
74 .A 解析 : 根据 73 题的分析 , 这里应该选用表示压力的词语 , fatigue“疲劳”, 意思最为接近 ; confusion 混乱 ; duty
责任 ; puzzle 迷惑。
75 .D 解析 : 这里是考 it 的用法 , it 在这里虚指 , 没有实际的意义 , 用法类似于 it is said。这话句的意思是“尽管
这种情况不尽如人意 , 但是父母们还是应该坐下来冷静地思考一下”。
76 . C 解析 : 这里选 by , 表示一种方式 , 前半句的意思是尽管你可以通过帮助孩子来替他渡过难关。
77 . B 解析 : 根据前后文的意思 , 这里应该选 answer , 表示检查孩子作业的答案。
78 .D 解析 : 这里是一个动词词组搭配的固定用法 , keep sb .from doing sth .表示阻碍某人做某事。后半句话的意
思是“你这样做可能会妨碍孩子独立完成自己的作业”。
79 .A 解析 : 根据 78 题 , 推断这句话应该是“我不建议父母去检查孩子的每一份作业”。根据词义 , 只有 single
“单个的 , 个别的”意思最为接近。piece 一片 , 一块 ; page 一页 ; other 其他的。
80 .D 解析 : 这里考察的固定搭配 , lack of 表示“需要”。short of 表示缺乏 , 前不加 a。另外两个单词不能加 of 搭
配。
81 . B 解析 : 这里应该选 earn , earn the grade 表示获得成绩 , 这里不选 acquire , 虽然 acquire 有获得的意思 , 但是它
侧重于技术、能力的获得。这句话的意思是“让你的孩子得到他们应该得到的成绩”。
大
82 . C 解析 : 根据第三段第一句话的前半句“许多专家认为父母应该检查孩子的作业”, 我们可以推断 , 检查之学
后一定会找到错误 , 所以这里我们选择 mistakes
“错误”。英
语
83 .A 解析 : 根据这句话的开头 but , 说明句子意思是表示转折 , 前一句说父母们都希望帮助孩子们找出错误的
四
地方并让他们从中吸取教训 , 父母的目的是让孩子取得更好的成绩 , 但不要让他们觉得不能犯错误。所以这里级
选 perfect“完美的”。考
试
84 .D 解析 : 上句提到父母们不应该希望孩子觉得作业应该是完美无缺的 , 这句话在语意上又是转折 , 表示“那
不等于说父母们应该不管孩子”, 从词义上来说 , ignore
“忽略”最为接近。forget 忘记 ; refuse 拒绝 ; miss 错过。历
年
85 .A 解析 : 下文讲到的都是学生的作业量 , 所以这里应该选 have , 这句话表示“首先 , 父母们应该控制孩子的
试
作业量”。题
86 . C 解析 : 这句话中的 and 前后是并列关系 , 前面半句意思是“在小学的初级阶段一天的作业量是 30 分钟”, 详
解
所以后面的并列结构应该是小学的高年级阶段 , 也就是四、五、六年级 , 所以这里选 grade。
87 . B 解析 : 前文交代了学生的作业量不能太大 , 所以这里应该选 no , no more than 表示“不超过”, 整句话的意思
256
是“初中学生的作业量不能超过一个半小时”。
88 .D 解析 : 前文交代了学生的作业量的范围 , 这里指出“如果孩子的作业量总是多于适当的数量 , 那么家长就
应该联合起来同老师交涉这个问题了”。所以这里选 consistently“ 总是地 , 一贯地”。previously 以前地 ; rarely 很
少地 ;merely 仅仅地。
89 .A 解析 : 这里要使用表示连接对象的介词 with , 表示“同其他的家长一起”。
90 . C 解析 : 根据 88 题的解释 , 家长们找老师的目的是为了减少学生的作业量 , 所以这里选 reducing“ 减少”。
finish 完成 ; lower 降低 ; decline 下降 , 衰落。
Part Ⅴ Writing
A letter of Reply to a Friend

December 27 , 2003
Dear
第
二 When it comes to which major you should choose , I propose that you apply for the major of English .To begin with , Eng-
部 lish is the most popular language in the world ,which is widely used in all fields such as teaching, translation , foreign trade and
分
so on .What’s more, it goes without saying that English majors are more likely to find a good job in the tighter and tighter job
market .
In order to study at English Department , you have to meet the following requirements .In the first place , you have to spend
a lot of time on it , just as the old saying goes,“Practice makes perfect”.In the second place , the basic skills of reading ,writ-
ing , listening and speaking are necessary , because they are the foundations for your future study .Last but not the least impor-
tant , you need an intense interest in learning English since“interest is the best teacher .”
As far as the preparation work is concerned , you should first of all review all the required vocabulary .In addition , you’d
better spend some time on reading and writing .Only through these measures can you hope to enroll in our university .
Yours
大
学
英
语
四
级
考
试
历
年
试
题
详
解
257
专业英语八级考试试卷答题卡
学校 : 学校代号准考证号
姓名 :
[ 0] [0 ] [0 ] [0 ] [0] [0] [ 0] [ 0]
试
卷 [ 1] [1 ] [1 ] [1 ] [1] [1] [ 1] [ 1]
代 [ 2] [2 ] [2 ] [2 ] [2] [2] [ 2] [ 2]
用 HB - 2B 铅笔按这样填写 [ —
A] 号 [ 3] [3 ] [3 ] [3 ] [3] [3] [ 3] [ 3]
划
线不允许这样填写 [ A
/ ] [ 4] [4 ] [4 ] [4 ] [4] [4] [ 4] [ 4]
要要有一定粗度 , 浓度盖过于字母底色 [ A] [ 5] [5 ] [5 ] [5 ] [5] [5] [ 5] [ 5]
求 [ B]
不能用钢笔或圆珠笔 , 否则试卷作废 [ 6] [6 ] [6 ] [6 ] [6] [6] [ 6] [ 6]
注意不要划错行 ( 可用直尺对齐 ) [ C]
[ 7] [7 ] [7 ] [7 ] [7] [7] [ 7] [ 7]
[ D]
[ 8] [8 ] [8 ] [8 ] [8] [8] [ 8] [ 8]
[ 9] [9 ] [9 ] [9 ] [9] [9] [ 9] [ 9]
1 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 22 [ A] [ B] [C ] [ D] 43 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 64 [A ] [ B] [ C] [D] 78 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
66 [A ] [ B] [ C] [D] 80 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
3 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 24 [ A] [ B] [C ] [ D] 45 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
67 [A ] [ B] [ C] [D] 81 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
4 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 25 [ A] [ B] [C ] [ D] 46 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
68 [A ] [ B] [ C] [D] 82 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
5 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 26 [ A] [ B] [C ] [ D] 47 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
69 [A ] [ B] [ C] [D] 83 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
6 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 27 [ A] [ B] [C ] [ D] 48 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
70 [A ] [ B] [ C] [D] 84 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
7 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 28 [ A] [ B] [C ] [ D] 49 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
71 [A ] [ B] [ C] [D] 85 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
8 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 29 [ A] [ B] [C ] [ D] 50 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
72 [A ] [ B] [ C] [D] 86 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
9 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 30 [ A] [ B] [C ] [ D] 51 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
73 [A ] [ B] [ C] [D] 87 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
10 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 31 [ A] [ B] [C ] [ D] 52 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 88 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
74 [A ] [ B] [ C] [D]
11 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 32 [ A] [ B] [C ] [ D] 53 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 89 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
75 [A ] [ B] [ C] [D]
13 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 34 [ A] [ B] [C ] [ D] 55 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 77 [A ] [ B] [ C] [D]
14 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 35 [ A] [ B] [C ] [ D] 56 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
15 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 36 [ A] [ B] [C ] [ D] 57 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
16 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 37 [ A] [ B] [C ] [ D] 58 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
注意: 评
17 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 38 [ A] [ B] [C ] [ D] 59 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]
考生不能卷 [ 0] [1 ] [2] [3 ] [4] [ 5] [6] [ 7] [8 ] [ 9]
员
18 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 39 [ A] [ B] [C ] [ D] 60 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 在此栏填代 [ 0] [1 ] [2] [3 ] [4] [ 5] [6] [ 7] [8 ] [ 9]
19 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 40 [ A] [ B] [C ] [ D] 61 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 号
写 , 否则 [ 0] [1 ] [2] [3 ] [4] [ 5] [6] [ 7] [8 ] [ 9]
20 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 41 [ A] [ B] [C ] [ D] 62 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 试卷作废
21 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D] 42 [ A] [ B] [C ] [ D] 63 [ A] [ B] [ C] [ D]

A2029250

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

A2029250

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

大学英语四级考试历年试题详解

1 . A) The man saw Mark on the street two months ago .

will be left defenseless with just handguns .”

of hands, the modulation of space“What

A) convention B) confinement C)principle D) discipline

57 . At yesterday’s party , Elizabeth’s boyfriend amused us by Charlie Chaplin .

Example : You will hear :

1 .A ) They are twins . B) They are classmates .

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)

A) smokers should not expect to become airline pilots

A) to stress the impact of the computer on society

43 .Ann never dreams of for her to be sent abroad very soon .

76 .A) acquired B) considered C)ordered D) required

Example : You will hear :

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)

C) the English people have a special liking for thatched houses

A)Americans are more ambitious than people in other countries

A)how to make a wise buying decision

C) reading ability is something acquired rather than taught

his boss angrily .

“new form of discrimination”( Line 4 ,Para .4) ?

Part Ⅴ Writing (30 minutes)

Example : You will hear :

10 .A)She can tell Joan when she sees her at noon .

D) They made native American life styles well - known .

D)Because experts lack adequate equipment to do such research .

A) speak at least one foreign language fluently

A)peculiarly B) indifferently C)vigorously D) inevitably

Example : You will hear :

48 .Some diseases are by certain water animals .

88 .A)general B) natural C) similar D) specific

Example : You will hear :

1 .A )She is not interested in the article .

9 .A ) The weather is mild compared to the past years .

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)

A) The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45 .

A)postpone B) refuse C)delay D) cancel

A) extensive B) spare C) extra D) supreme

S3 .( Lines 4～5 , Para .2 , Passage 3)

S4 .( Line 3 ,Para .1 , Passage 4)

Example : You will hear :

1 .A )Get some change from Jane . B) Use the woman’s phone .

C) She’s willing to go swimming . D) She enjoys the wonderful weather .

C) Increasing people’s awareness of traffic problems .

A) in that B)so long as C) in case D) as far as

76 .A)received B) addressed C) made D) taken

Example : You will hear :

1 .A )A math teacher and his colleague .

9 .A ) Wear a new dress . B)Attend a party .

A) it is too costly and will endanger neighbouring areas

C) enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports

B) construct big pumping stations

Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)

A) to be completed B) is completed C) being completed D) completed

61 .A)on B)of C) to D) for

Part Ⅴ Writing (30 minutes)

Example :You will hear :

B) The woman should have been more attentive .

18 .A) Two to four months . B) About three weeks .

C) A retractable arm . D) A computer controller .

D)prevent large - scale fox hunting

B)when women and men enjoy equal rights

A)behind B) between C) along D) among

Example : You will hear :

在办公室里你可能就具备以上的三种品质 , 或者具备更多。但是专家说 , 要想在事业上取得成功 , 除了具

31 .A 译文 : 我正走着没想什么特别的东西 , 只是随便看看周围的事物。解析 : in particular 意为“特别 ; 尤其”; in

警惕”; presentation 意为“介绍 , 陈述 , 呈现”; preparation 意为“准备工作 , 预备 ( 状态 ) ; 预备措施 ”; prediction 意为

如果能够意识到并且接受真正的幸福跟乐趣是没有关系的 , 这种认识就会给我们带来更大的自由。首先 ,

人的话 , 就必须扩大潜在雇员的圈子。通过观察出生率增长的区域以及人口结构变化的区域 , 他们意识到扩大

63 .D 译文 : 据估计有超过三分之一的人口无法获得保健服务。解析 “Have

能掌握的。教师所应做的是给学生创造一个好的环境和条件 , 激发学生阅读的渴望 , 培养出良好的阅读习惯、

45 .C 译文 : 这个女孩在朴素的生活氛围中接受教育 , 这是她父母所希望的。解析 : 从成分判断 , 空格处应充当

这是一个复杂句 , 主句中的“so interdependent”充当宾语“ the nations”的补足语 , 连词 that 引导一个状语从句 ,