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• Process of increasing the bulk density of a soil Soil is being compacted for the following reasons:
or aggregates by driving out air. 1. To increase strength and stability
• For any soil, at a given compactive effort, the 2. To decrease permeability
density obtained depends on the moisture
3. Resistance to erosion
content.
4. Decrease compressibility under load
• “Optimum Water Content” exist at which it will
5. Minimize settlement
acheve it’s “Maximum Density”
Standard Proctor Test
6. Moisture Container
6. Graduated Cylinder
4. Thermostatically controlled oven (105°C +-
7. Sieve No.4.
110°C)
7. Mixing Tools
(Spoon, Trowel and Spatula)
4. Fit the collar & compact the moist 5. Remove the collar trim the compacted soil even with
soil in three equal layers by the the top of the mold with a straight steel edge.
rammer with evenly distributed blows
Clean outside of the mold & base plate & weigh it.
to each layer.
6. Remove the soil from the mold, split it & take
- Use 25 blows for 4 inches
diameter & 56 blows for 6 inches about 100 grams sample for water content
diameter mold to the total height of determination.
mold with collar.
Standard Proctor Test Procedure Standard Proctor Test Procedure
7. Break the soil lamps, mix it with remaining soil in 8. Calculate Water content for each trail &
the tray. corresponding dry density.
-Add more water to increase the water 9. Plot the compaction curve between water-
content by 2 to 3% & repeat the compaction content as abscissa & dry density as ordinate.
procedure for each increment of water until the 10. Note the water content against the peak of the
mass of the compacted soil decreases. curve as optimum moisture content & the
corresponding dry density as maximum dry density.
Modified Proctor
Test
• Modified Proctor Test is used to determine • Its process is almost same as Standard
the compaction of different types of soil and Proctor Test with little differences
the properties of soil with a change which you will know here in details.
in moisture content;
• and the relationship between Dry Density
and Moisture Content.
Modified Proctor Test Standards: Modified Proctor Test Standards:
2. Rammer, weighing 10 lbs (4.5 kg) & having fall of 4. Thermostatically controlled oven (105°C +-
18 inches (45.7 cm. 110°C)
SPT: Apparatus Modified Proctor Test Procedure
3. Place the mold With the collar attached on a solid base and 4. Remove the collar carefully strike off the
compact the soil mass into the mold using standard compaction
in five layers with 25 blows per layer; projected part of the compacted soil by steel
- and with a 4.5 kg rammer dropping from a height of 45 cm. straight edge.
- Take care to distribute the blows uniformly over the surface of - Then weigh the mold + soil.
each layer, and to let the rammer fall freely.