Time Specific Objectives Content Teachers / Learners activities

!Unexpected

End of

FormulaA V

Aids

Evaluation

minutes

Introduces the

Topic

1. Introduction

Malaria is a communicable protozoal

disease caused by the sporozoan of the

genus plasmodium. It may exist in the

urban and rural community. Malaria is

originally associated with swampy

regions and breeding of mosquitoes.

80% of the population are exposed to

the risk of malaria, chemoprophylaxis

must be chosen to reduce the risk of

malaria.

minutes

States the

meaning and

definition of

malaria

1. Meaning

The name malaria originates from the

term mal air which means bad air.

Teacher interacts with subjects &

Questions:

Question: What do you mean by

malaria?
 Flash Cards What is

Malaria?

99Time Specific Objectives Content Teachers / Learners

activities

!Unexpected

End of

FormulaA V

Aids

Evaluation

States the

meaning and

definition of

malaria

1. Meaning

The name malaria originates from the

term mal air which means bad air.

 Teacher interacts with subjects &

Questions:

Question: What do you mean by

malaria?

Flash Cards What is

Malaria?

99

minutes

2. Definition of Malaria

Malaria is a protozoal disease caused

by Sporozoan of the genus

plasmodium and transmitted to man

by the species of infective female

anopheles mosquitoes called vectors

or carriers

Teacher interacts with the subjects Flash Card

 3 3. Causes of Malaria

minutes

Discuss the

causes of

malaria

Malarial parasite causes malaria,

The causes are:

Teacher Question

What is the cause of Malaria?

Teacher explains the cause of

malaria disease

Flash cards &

• Female Anopheline Mosquito

• Abnormal whether condition

• Heavy rain fall

• Favourable temperature

• Open drainage
 • Stagnated water

• Major environmental changes

• Water resources development

Irrigation

• Public works

• Wars

• Natural disaster

• Population movements

• Interruption of vector control

• Inadequate therapeutic services

• Drug resistances

Describe the

life cycle of

malarial

parasites

5. Life cycle of malarial parasite

The malaria parasite if transmitted

from person suffering from malaria to

another healthy person by certain

variety of mosquitoes. All mosquitoes

are not capable of transmitting

malaria, infection occur following a

bite of an infected female anopheles

mosquitoes which contain malarial

parasite in the salivary glands, when

the mosquitoes takes blood meal from

the healthy man, these parasites mixes

with saliva and are injected into the

bite. Once parasites gets into the

blood, the parasites travel to the liver

and enter liver cells, then grows and

matures, during this incubation period

(ie) after few days or several months

Teachers Questions
 How does a malarial parasite

travel from mosquito to Healthy

man?

Teacher explains the life cycle of

malaria

Flash card Describe the

life cycle of

malarial

parasites?

103

parasites leaves the liver cells and

enter red blood- cells once in the cells

they continue to grow and multiply,

after they mature the infected red

blood cells rupture and enter parasites

into the other red blood cells, then

toxins released when red blood- cells

burst that causes typical fever, chills

flu like symptoms, thus the para-sites

spends a part of its life in man and in

mosquitoes.

minutes Types of human

malaria

parasites

6. Types of malarial Parasites

™ Plasmodium vivax

™ Plasmodium falciparum

™ Plasmodium malariae

™ Plasmodium ovale.

Teachers Question

Teacher explains the types of

malarial parasites
 Flash Cards Mention the

types of

Human

malarial

parasites?

104

minutes Discuss the

mode of

transmissions

7. Mode of Transmission

Vector transmission through the bite

of female anopheles mosquitoes.

Direct transmission by sharing of

infected needles, and syringes, IV

Infusion, blood transmission, organs

transplantation.

Teachers Questions
 Teacher explains mode of

transmission

Flash cards and

live examples

How does

malaria

transmits?

minutes

Mention the

signs and

symptoms of

malaria

8. Signs and symptoms

™ High fever with chills (104 o F)

™ Head ache
 ™ Muscle ache

™ Tiredness

™ Nausea

™ Vomiting

™ Diarrhoea

™ Pallor

™ Cyanosis

Teacher questions :

What are the cardinal signs and

symptoms of malaria?

Teacher supplements the answer and

explain

Flash cards,

Live examples,

How will you

identify
 Malaria fever?

105

States the stages

of malaria

9. Stages of malaria

i. Cold Stage

ii. Hot Stage

iii. Sweating Stage

Teacher Questions:

What are the stages of malaria?

Teacher supplements the answer and

explains.

Flash card and

live examples

Mention the

stages of

malaria?
 5 Describe the

stages of

malaria

Cold stage

Cold stage begins with feeling of cold,

shivering, headache the individual

covers with blanket, fingers and lips

become bluish with dry skin, it may

continue for 15 minutes to 1 hour.

Hot stage:

The fever rises very high so the person

feels burning heat, he takes of the clothes

and the person feels intense headache with

nausea and vomiting. This stage lasts from

2 to 6 hours and feels intense thirsty.

Teachers Question:

What are signs and symptoms of cold

 and hot stage?

Teacher supplements the answer and

explains the stages of malaria

Flash cards and

live

demonstration

How will you

identify the

cold and hot

stages of

malaria?

106 Describe the

stages of

malaria

Sweating stage

In this stage fever comes down with

profuse sweating person normally

goes into deep sleep are awakening

feels weak. This stage lasts 2 to 4

hours.

Teachers Question

What are the signs and symptoms of

sweating stage?

Teacher supplements the answer

Flash card and

live

demonstration

How does the

malaria person

feels in

sweating

stage?

3 Discuss

diagnosis of
 malaria

10. Diagnosis of Malaria

Diagnosis of malaria depends on

demonstration of the parasites in the

blood and it is confined by detection

of malarial parasites in the thick and

thin blood films

Teachers Questions

What are the diagnostic procedure to

find out malaria?

Teacher supplement the answers

Flash cards and

real items

How will you

identify

malaria person

3 Discuss the
 treatment of

malaria

11. Treatment Presumptive

treatment

All the fever cases are assumed to be

due to malaria.

Chloroquine will be given for 3 days.

Teachers Question

What is treatment for malaria

Teachers supplements the answer

Flash card and

real items

Mention the

dosage for

 diffe The dosage for different ages as

 follows:
 Age in Years Dose
  0 - 1 75mg (1/2 tab)
 1 - 4 150mg (1 tab)
 4 - 8 300mg (2 tab)
 8 – 14 450mg (3 tab)
 14 & above 600mg (4 tab)
 2 Discuss the
 radical
 treatment of
 malaria
 12. Radical treatment
 Radical treatment will be given only,
 if the blood smear is found positive for
 malaria parasites.
 Tablet primaquine 0.2mg / kg body
 weight for 5 days will be given.
 Note: primaquine should not be
 administered to infants and pregnant
 women on empty stomach.
 When should give radical treatment?
 Teacher supplements the answer
  Flash card &
 real items
 What is the
 duration of
 radical
 treatment?

108 Mention the

side effects of

medication

13. Side effect of medication

• Nausea

• Vomiting

• Headache

• Blurring of vision

Teachers Question

What are the side effects of

medication?
 Teacher explain the answer

Flash card with

live examples

Mention the

side effects of

medication?

2 Discuss the

prophylaxis

treatment for

malaria

14.

15. Prophylaxis treatment

If the person has decided to travel

from one place to another place, he

has to take medical advice about pre

exposure treatment and post exposure

treatment.
The chloroquine tablet will be given

500mg / once a week that is 2 weeks

before exposure and 4 weeks after the

exposure.

Teachers Question

What is the dosage for prophylaxis

treatment?

Teachers supplement the answer

Flash card real

item

What is the

treatment for

prophylaxis

treatment? Mention the

complication of

malaria

16. Complications of Malaria

 • Anemia

• Kidney failure

• Jaundice

• Lungs Edema

• Cerebral Malaria

Teachers Question

What is the main complication of

malaria?

Teachers supplement the answer.

Flash card live

example

What are

complications

of malaria?

4 Describe 17. Personal Protective Measures

personal

protective
 measures

• Minimize out door activities

between dusk and dawn when

anopheles mosquitoes

commonly bites.

• Wear long sleeved shirts and

long trousers

• Apply insect repellents for the

exposed skin at dusk

• Windows and doors should be

close at Sunset

Teachers Question

What is main personal protective

measure?

Teachers supplements the answer

Flash card and

live examples
 Mention

personal

protective

measures?

110 • Use strong fan to inhibit the

flight of mosquitoes

Mosquito Bed Net

111 • Use mosquitoes bed net

• Avoid perfumes

• Cover up thick clothes rather

than thin clothes

2 Discuss

Biological

preventive

measures

Biological Measures

The use of larvivorus fishes provides

 very effective to kill the larvae.

Teachers Question

What are the biological measures for

malaria?

Teacher supplement the answer

Flash card and

live examples.

5 Discuss Environmental Measures

environmental

preventive

measures

• Keep the doors and windows

opened during the day time.

• Disposes all broken pots and

buckets from the house

Teachers Question

What are the main environmental

 measures for malaria?

Teachers supplements the answer

Flash card with

live examples

How will you

control

measures?

112 • Maintaining of closed drainage

• Fill up the pits and digs on the

roads

• Look for stagnated water to

flow

• Screened mosquitoes proof

should be provided for all the

doors and windows in the

house.

• Always closes the water

 contained lids

• Once in a week empty the

water container and over head

tank and allow to dry it in the

sun

113 Avoid wall plastering, after the spraying

the house with DDT or pyrethrium

extracts.

114 SECTION I: DEMOGRAPHIC DATA

Instruction to the interviewer: Introduces herself and explain the

purpose of study. The

interviewer will ask the question carefully and place the correct
responses given by the

subject in the appropriate box.

1. Code number

2.Age

a. 20-24 years
 b. 25-29 years

c. 30-34 years

d. 35-39 years

e. 40-44 Years

3.Sex

a. Male

b. Female

4.Religion

a. Hindu

b. Christian

c. Muslim

d. Others

5.Type of family

a. Nuclear

b. Joint

c. Extended

6.Type of house
 a. Kachha

b. Semipucca

c. Pucca

7.Educational status

a. Illiterate

b. Primary education

c. Secondary education

d. PUC and above

e. Graduation and above]

8.Occupation

a. House wife

b. Coolie

c. Self employed

d. Private

e. Government 9.Family income per month

a. Less than 1000Rs

b. 1000/- 3000 Rs
 c. 3001-5000 Rs

d. 5001 and above

10.Source of health information

a. Magazines and news paper

b. Radio and television

c. Health personnel

d. Mass health education programme

Section II: Structured interview schedule to assess the

knowledge of adults

regarding Malaria prevention

Instruction to the interviewer: The interviewer will ask the

questions listed below using

one to one technique. No additional information will be

provided to the adults other than

the alternatives. She will place the correct responses given by

the subject in the
appropriate box. Each correct response carries one mark.

1.What do you mean by communicable disease

a. Disease transmits from one person to another

b. Disease does not transmit from one person to another

2.What type of disease is Malaria?

a. Communicable

b. Non communicable

c. Fungal

d. Viral

3.What is the cause of Malaria?

a. Worms

b. Malarial parasites

c. Bacteria

d. Virus

4.How does Malaria transmit?

a. Mosquito

b. Water
 c. Food

d. Air

5.Which mosquito transmits Malaria?

a. Male anopheles

b. Female anopheles’

c. Aedes

d. Culex

6.Where does the Malarial parasite grow and mature in man?

a. Mouth

b. Liver

c. Kidney

d. Uterus

7.Where does mosquito breeding take place?

a. Closed drainage

b. Open drainage

c. Running water

d. Sea water 8.In which gender Malaria is more common?

 a. Male

b. Female

9.Who are at high risk of acquiring Malaria?

a. Farmers

b. Office employee

c. Mason

d. Carpenter

10. Which age group is at high risk of acquiring Malaria?

a. Young children

b. Adults

c. Adolescence

d. Newborn

11. What are the cardinal sign of Malaria?

a. Fever with rigor and sweating

b. Chest pain and difficulty in breathing

c. Cold and cough

d. Restlessness and Irritability

 12. How can Malaria be diagnosed?

a. Urine test

b. Blood smear test

c. Stool test

d. Sputum test

13. What is the prophylactic treatment commonly used for

Malaria?

a. Paracetamol

b. Chloroquine

c. Tetracycline

d. Cifrofloxine

14. When should one start prophylaxis treatment?

a. One day before exposure

b. Two weeks before exposure

c. During exposure

d. Four week before exposure

15. When should one take presumptive treatment?

 a. Diarrhoea

b. Fever

c. Nausea and vomiting

d. Head ache

16. Which is the medication used for radical treatment?

a. Tetracycline

b. Primaquine

c. Amoxycillin

d. Nimusilide

17. What is the side effect of Chloroquine?

a. Gastric irritation

b. Dizziness

c. Difficulty in breathing

d. Rashes

18. What are the complications of Malaria?

a. Heart disease

b. Anaemia
 c. Pneumonia

d. Arthritis

19. How does Malarial fever relapse?

a. Irregular treatment

b. Taking prompt treatment

c. Regular treatment

d. Taking self medication

20. What environmental measure will you take for prevention of

Malaria?

a. Opened drainage

b. Dumping garbage

c. Let to flow stagnant water

d. Open air defecation

21. Which mechanical barrier can we use to protect ourselves

from Malaria?

a. Sleeping over the cot

b. Use of bed net

 c. Sleeping out door

d. Sleeping on the floor

22.Which are the chemical measures used to protect against

mosquitoes?

a. Repellents

b. Fair and lovely

c. Lifeboy soap

d. Fair ever Section III: Structured interview schedule to assess

the practice of adults regarding

Malaria prevention.

Instructions to interviewer: The interviewer will ask the

questions carefully and place

the correct responses given by the subject in the appropriate box.

1. What precautions will you take to control breeding of

mosquitoes ?

a. Open drainage

b. Allow stagnant water to flow

 c. Dumping garbage

d. Open air defecation

2. What precautions will you take during Malaria epidemic?

a. D.D.T spray

b. Soap water spray

c. Face water spray

d. Tooth powder spray

3. What steps will you take after the spraying D.D.T in your
house?

a. Making mud plastering

b. House with out plastering

c. White washing

d. Washing with water

4. What physical precaution will you take at sun set?

a. Open the doors

b. Close the windows and doors

c. Open the windows

 d. Open the windows and close the doors

5. What mechanical barrier will you use to protect from

mosquito bites?

a. Sleeping under bed net

b. Sleeping on the cot

c. Sleeping out door

d. Sleeping on the floor

6. Which is the natural repellent used to avoid mosquito bites?

a. Coconut oil

b. Neem oil

c. Sun flower oil

d. Ground nut oil

7. What personal precaution will you take to prevent mosquito

bites?

a. Wearing cloths with full sleeves

b. Half sleeves clothes

c. No precaution required
 d. Sleeping without covering

8.When do you seek medical advice?

a. Fever with chills of first day

b. Fever with chills after a week

c. Fever with chills after two week

d. Do not seek medical advice

9. What do you do when the person is with high fever?

a. Go for blood smear

b. Take home remedy

c. Not taking any medication

d. Taking self medication

10. What diet will you take when you are with high fever?

a. Soft and liquid food

b. Spice food

c. Hard food

d. Fried food