Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Simulation
Operations Management - 6th Edition
R b t R
Roberta Russell
ll & B
Bernard
dWW. Taylor,
T l III
Beni Asllani
Copyright 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
Lecture Outline
1
Simulation
2
Distribution of Demand
x=2
x=1
60
3
Generating Demand
from Random Numbers
4
15 Weeks of Demand
WEEK r DEMAND (x
(x) REVENUE (S)
1 39 1 4,300
2 73 2 8,600
3 72 2 8 600
8,600
4 75 2 8,600
5 37 1 4,300
6 02 0 0
7 87 3 12,900
8 98 4 17,200
9 10 0 0
10 47 1 4,300
11 93 4 17,200
,
12 21 1 4,300 Average demand
13 95 4 17,200 = 31/15
14 97 4 17,200 = 2.07 laptops/week
15 69 2 8,600
Σ = 31 $133,300
E(x) = (0.20)(0)
(0 20)(0) + (0
(0.40)(1)
40)(1) + (0
(0.20)(2)
20)(2)
+ (0.10)(3) + (0.10)(4)
= 1.5 laptops per week
•Steady-state result
•an average result that remains constant after
enough trials
5
Random Numbers in Excel
Simulation in Excel
6
Simulation in Excel (cont.)
7
Decision Making with
Simulation (cont.)
Waiting Lines/Service
Complex systems for which it is difficult to develop
analytical formulas
Determine how many registers and servers are
needed to meet customer demand
Inventory Management
Traditional models make the assumption that
customer demand is certain
Simulation is widely used to analyze JIT without
having to implement it physically
8
Areas of Simulation
Application (cont.)
9
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10