KYAMBOGO UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL & PRODUCTION ENGINEERID YEAR FOUR SEMESTER I, 2015/2016 EXAMINATIONS BACHALOR OF ENGINEERING IN MECHANICAL & PRODUCTION ENGINEERING IG ME415: ENERGY PRODUCTION Date: Wednesday 13" January 2016 Time: 12:00-03:00pm Instructions: ‘© The paper consists of eight questions * Attempt only five + _ All questions carry equal marks of 20 each, Question one a) In literature, there is no generally accepted standard method or system of classifying energy, in this course however energy is grouped or classified into six forms, discuss. 22 marks b) Distinguish between the following terms as applied to energy i, Reserves and Resources 2 marks Conventional energy resources and Non-conventional energy resources 2marks ©) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of fossil fuels 4 marks / Question two a) What is a fuel cell I mark b) Describe with the help of a simple sketch the working principle of a fuel cell 7 marks ©) Fuel cells are differentiated from one another by their electrolyte, give at least four major types of fuel cells and write the electrochemical reactions of at least two of the fuel cells showing the anode , cathode and the overall reaction 6 marks 4d) Discuss three major applications of the fuel cells 6 marks ~ Question three x 1a) Discuss the three types of solar radiations received by a body on the earth's surface J marks b) Distinguish between the term active and passive solar heating 4 marks ©). Describe the working principle of a solar photovoltaic(PV) cell marks d) Describe the principle of operat €) Define the following types of sil i. Mono-rystalline silicon ii, Polycrystalline silicon iii, Amorphous n of a solar collector 4 marks -on used in making PV cells mark J mark I markQuestion four a) What is biomass b) Detine the following terms as applied to the study of biomass energy seolieaions i Combustion 2 marks ‘ii, Gasification 2 marks iii, Pyrolysis 2 marks iv. Biogas 2 marks ¥. Anaerobic digestion 2 marks ©) What do you understand by the term fermentation 2 marks 4) Biomass materials can be processed in various ways to produce heat, chemicals and other types of fuels. Using a diagram, show how biomass is converted into energy through various conversion Processes 6 marks \/ Question five bak orenhh Ye a) What is geothermal energy I mark b) Define the following terms as applied to geothermal energy production i. Geysers 2 marks ii, Aquifers 2 marks ©) Give three important characteristics of geothermal energy 3 marks 4) With the help of simple sketches distinguish clearly between the following types of geothermal plants for electricity generation i, Dry steam and binary cycle power plants S marks ii, Single flash and double flash steam power plants 5S marks €) Give at least two characteristics of a geothermal site 2 marks _Baestion six a) Discuss the reasons why wind energy is of interest and_ gaining popularity now in the energy sector 4 marks b) Wind is the movement of air across the surface of the earth, clearly describe how wind arises 6 marks ©) Discuss the following terms as applied to wind energy i, Betz’s law 2 marks wy ii, Tip speed ratio 4 marks ; 4) With the aid ofa simple sketch discuss how wind turbine works in real situations 4 marks ff ef Siuestion seven 2) Briefly differentiate between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion 4 marks b) Name two characteristics that a neutron must possess in order to be suitable for use to start off @ chain reaction 2 marks c) With the aid of the sketch discuss the main parts of a nuclear reactor 10 marks > 4) Describe how power is generated in the nuclear plant 4 marks ee + oo } 4m 1 OF\ Question eight a) How does a thermal power plant produce electricity?, and give two reasons why thermal powe plant efficiencies are very low 4 marks b)_ With the aid of sketch, discuss clearly the makeup of a thermal generating station 12 marks °) If the thermal station is located in a dry region, or far away from a river or lake, we still have tc cool the condenser, one way or another. We often use evaporation to produce the cooling effect Explain how evaporation can be achieved? END 4 marksKYAMBOGO UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGINEERING DEPAERTMENT OF MECHANICAL & PRODUCTION ENGINEERING Year IV, Semester I, Academic Year 2013/2014 Examinations Bachelor of Engincering in Mechanical and manufacturing Enginecring; Bachelor of Technical Teacher Education ME 415: ENERGY PRODUCTION Date: Friday 10" January, 2014 Time: 8:00a.m=11.00a.m Instructions: Candidates are not allowed to re-enter the Examination Room after getting out * This examination contains Six Questions, * Attempt any four Questions. * All Questions carry equal Marks. * Begin each question on a fresh page. You should have the following in this Examination. o_sAnswer Book Scientific Caleulaior, Graph Papers. Drawing Instruments Question One (2) _ Define the following terms as applied to electric power generation: @ Plant factor 2 marks Gi) Load factor 2 marks (b) Differentiate giving examples between Renewable and Conventional energy resources. (©) Asmall isolated community in a rural area is supplied with electric energy using a thermal power plant using diesel as the fuel. The capacity of the generator set used at the plant is 120 kW. If the plant is operated at an annual load factor of 60%, then calculate the average annual energy generation from the plant (give your answer in MWh). Assume the generator is operated 12 hrs daily for 365 days a year. (© Inquestion (c) above calculate the; ()_annval fuel consumption for the plant 3 marks annual expenses (in USS) on fuel to meet the annual energy consumption 2 marks 8 marks 4 marks Gi) (ii) estimate the annual CO2 emission from the plant 4d marks (Assume for a diesel generator set: for every 1 litre of fuel consumed 3kWh of electricity are generated, emission factor is 0.9 kg of CO2 emitted for every 1 kWh of electricity generated, and take | litre of diesel to cost USS 1.0) Question Two (2) __ Differentiate between the terms Biomass and Bio-fuel 3 marks (®) Give two (2) advantages and two (2) disadvantages of bio energy. 4 marks © @ Biomass materials can be processed in ‘various ways w produce heat, chemicals and other types of fuels. Using a diagram, show how biomass is converted into energy through various conversion processes. S marks (ii) __ Differentiate between Gasification and Anaerobic digestion. J marks 10 marks (@)__ Briefly describe the operation of a down draft and a cross flow gasifier. otVv Question Three (Compulsory) Below is a drawing of a component that was machined by a CNC Lathe at a cutting speed of 150 m/min and depth of cut of 0.5mm. The spindle speed was 1200 rpm. Further Information; \ © Radius = 4mm, © Chamfer=3 mm, * Drilled hole =2.5 mm deep and 1.5 mm in diameter * Rough Cut Tool 700100, i * Finishing Too! T0150, * Boring tool T00160, © Finish bore T00170 ‘You are required to write CNC Turning Program (Codes) for the operation. 25 marks ection ional: Answer on estion from this secti Question Four oie a) Consider these codes and interpret all the lines of Codes —rob¢e G00 x50.0 2 marks GOI X54.0 Z 0.2 F0.25, dmarks G03 X58.4 Z-2.0 R2.2; 4 marks 3 G01 Z-57.0; X62.0 Jmurks Ty G00 G97 20.2, 3 marks G30 U0.0 Wo.0 : 3 marks Mol J mark . Page 2013 kyambogo University (c) 20141} dena 7 P wont | | ' 4 4 |eroter pees PORE OE As b) Explain what is meant by the NOSE RADIUS of a tool, $ marks Question Five a) Consider the following codes: G00, G01, G02, G03, G04, G28, G30, G96, Mog, M00 10 marks 4) What are the limitations of a CNC machine? S marks ©) Study the figure 5 below and indicate the axes and with brief explanation where the cutting positions are. You may need to re-draw the figure in your answer book 0 as to clearly illustrate your answer S marks xT 1 a Fae 5: ONC Atet d) With reference to figure’S above, indicate the Front and the Right Hand Side (RHS) of the machine. You may need to redraw the figure to illustrate your S marks answer Question Six 2) Create a plan giving the sequence of operations which you will use to make your part. Explain why this sequence is appropriate 1S marks b) Explain in detail how you would know how tast to cut and how deep to cut for a particular insert and a particular work material 19 marks Question Seven Explain with the aid of sketch what is meant by the X-offset and the Z-offset a) 2 or ofa tool. 20 marks bt) Why are these offsets important and how ean they be measured? 5 marks Be ae The End and good Luck Pages of Kyamnoge Unwersity(C) 2014