Tutorial Task 1.

TASK 1 (Individual work)

1.1 Individually, by using suitable thinking tools including i-Think maps, define the term
‘curriculum’ in one/two sentences.

TASK 2 (Group work)

2.1 Individually, identify the core curriculum for primary English implemented at your school

2.2 In your group, use suitable thinking tools including i-Think maps to differentiate the types
of curricula by comparing and contrasting the characteristics.

2.3 Explain to your peers in other groups the characteristics of each type of curriculum.

Tutorial Task 1.2

TASK (Group work)

1.1 Question Stimulus:

Do you think that the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages [CEFR]-
aligned syllabuses & textbooks used in Malaysia adequately reflect our national ideology and
the demands of our society?

1.2 In your group, discuss on the issue. Share with the class.
Tutorial Task 1.1

TASK 1 (Individual work) - TAQ

1.1 Individually, by using suitable thinking tools including i-Think maps, define the term
‘curriculum’ in one/two sentences.

academic
content

Curriculum

students' schools or
experience programmes

Definition of “curriculum”

Curriculum refers to academic content taught in schools or programmes that deals with
students’ experiences.
Tutorial Task 1.1

TASK 2 (Group work)

2.1 Individually, identify the core curriculum for primary English implemented at your school -
- CEFR is the core curriculum for Year 1, 2, 3 and 4. Core curriculum for primary Year 5 and
6 is KSSR.

2.3 Explain to your peers in other groups the characteristics of each type of curriculum.

hidden
curriculum

Types of
curriculum

enacted planned
curriculum curriculum

Planned curriculum (overt/ explicit/ intended/ formal/ official)

- The planned curriculum is set forth in the content standards for a particular subject
and grade level.
- It is simply that which is written as part of formal instruction of schooling experiences.
It may refer to a curriculum document, texts, films and supportive teaching materials
that are overtly chosen to support the intentional instructional agenda of a school.
Thus, the planned curriculum is usually confined to those written understandings and
directions formally designated and reviewed by administrators, curriculum directors
and teachers often collectively.

Enacted curriculum

- Enacted curriculum is the content of instructions delivered by classroom teachers

designates.
- It also refers to all the teaching-learning experiences that take place in the classroom
between the teacher and the students that involve deliberate and explicit instructions
of subject content knowledge and practices of the content, skills and values taught.
Hidden curriculum (unplanned/ covert/ invisible)

- Hidden curriculum refers to outcomes or messages derived from mere organization

of schools which are not explicitly stated.
- Eg: can be found in any activities, programmes, rules (rituals, protocols, regulations,
arrangement for co-curricular activities) of a school have positive impact on learning
in terms of :
o Inculcating positive values and attitudes
o Love for school, nations
o Respect for teachers, elders
o Sense of justice, right and wrong
o Autonomy, democracy
o Inculcating good social behaviour
o Cleanliness, tidiness, punctuality, obedience, discipline
- Hidden curriculum may include both positive or negative messages, depending on
the models provided and the perspectives of the learner or the observer.

Tutorial Task 1.2

TASK (Group work)

1.2 In your group, discuss on the issue. Share with the class.

Lack of studies
done on the
implementation
of CEFR

CEFR Teachers still

not adequately
Issues trained.