MODULE 1- GATHERING AND PROCESSING INFORMATION

1. CAPE 2003
Read the extract below and answer the question that follows.

Trade winds kissed me as I stepped off the airplane in St Thomas. Like playful sprites,
they tugged my hair and caressed my skin. “Welcome back,” they seemed to sing in my ear. I
didn’t feel at home, though, until my husband and I had boarded the ferry to St John, the smallest
of the U.S. Virgin Islands. It was our seventh visit, and with each trip, our passion for St. John
has deepened.

St. John is among the most romantic spots in the world, an idyllic escape from distracting
hype. There are no mainstream tourist attractions. No casinos or nightclubs bursting with co-eds.
No marine parks where tourists swim with stingrays. There are, however, unsullied beaches and
forests lined with 20 miles (32 km) of hiking trails. There are brilliant sunsets, mountaintop
vistas and luxurious villas that allow clothing-optional sunbathing. It’s an island getaway, even
for islanders.

St. John eschews the behemoth hotels that crowd St. Thomas. There are two major hotels:
the Westin Resort St. John and five-star Caneel Bay Resort. Caneel boasts seven beaches,
including the public Honeymoon Beach. The 176 manicured acres, complete with exotic fauna
on-site, is like golf course without holes. It’s worth a visit.

Caneel Bay was founded by Laurance Rockefeller, who stumbled on the island during a
1952 sailing ship. Back then 85 per cent of the island was jungle. Rockefeller purchased the
property, which in 1956 he gave to the Jackson Hole Preserve, a non- profit foundation.

The unspoiled island is a magnet for nature-lovers. For those so inclined, there are two
main campgrounds, the national park’s operation in Cinnamon Bay and the Maho Bay Camps.
We, however, prefer the villas that dot St. John’s hillsides. Many sit 800 feet (240 m) above sea
level, offering the perfect vantage-point for breath-taking sunsets.

Driving is an adventure, but jeeps (US 390 weekly) are a great way to go. We stopped
frequently for four-footed pedestrians. Goats cluster on mountain roads, pausing to nibble fronds.
A bull and his harem command the right of way. At one point a wild donkey and an egret crossed
one way, while a goat went another.

This is an island where beautiful beaches are strung out like pearls on a chain, one gem
after another. Among the most private locations is tiny Jumbie Beach. Jumbie, an African word
meaning “supernatural being” earned its name after the 1733 slave rebellion, when salves
committed suicide off its cliffs.

At the end of a long day of touring, St. John offers a veritable buffet of romantic dining
spots.
Pam Carlson, “Un spoiled St. John”,

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 Island Life Magazine, Issue #3, 2001, pp. 75-76

(a) State the writer’s main point in not more than 20 words.
Answer:
The writer highlights the unspoiled beauty of ST. John and everything that
makes it a perfect getaway even for the locals.

(b) Write an essay identifying the writer’s purpose and commenting on the strategies and
language techniques used.
Answer:
The Writer’s Purpose:
The writer’s purposes are:
- To appeal to the nature lovers
- To highlight special features of the island of St. John
- It is informative as it provided background information on the islands
history and culture

Strategies and language techniques

(a) The use of short paragraphs and sentences: This is very effective
as it evades confusion by making the extract very easy to read. This
strategy appeals to readers who normally find wordiness very tedious.
(b)The use of many figurative languages:
The writer uses a lot of figurative languages. The use of the
personification in the first line, “Trade winds kissed me as I stepped”,
the similes, “Like playful sprites, they tugged my hair and caressed
my skin,” and “This is an island where beautiful beaches are strung out
like pearls on a chain”, and Imageries. This strategy is very much
evident throughout the extract and it helps to carry out the writer’s
overall purposes. It creates vivid description which appeals to the
readers.
(c) The is the use of emotive words such as tugged, caressed, which
appeals to the emotion of the readers
(d)The use of a combination of descriptive and expository writing:
As evident the writer gives a plethora of information about St. John
which includes its cultures, history and geography, but it also describes
things to us as well such as its natural beauty.
(e) The language is very formal, that means that it can appeal to
everyone, which is the overall aim of the writer as he wants bout locals
and tourists to visit ST. John. It is also important that the way in which
the language is executed makes it very simple yet persuasive.

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 (f) The Tone is very pleasant and calm as it encourages the readers to
visit the island.
(g)There is also the use of punctuation marks:
It is after all easy to remember that punctuation is use for clarify.
Commas, quotation marks, hyphens, and the correct use of full stops
are used to provide further explanation which makes reading clearer
and more interesting.
(25 marks)
2. CAPE 2004
Read the excerpt below and answer the questions that follow:

The value of taking supplements, vitamins and minerals is often questioned by many.

They often ask: Do you really need to take supplements?

If you are basically healthy, is there any advantage to taking supplements on a regular basis?

And, if you develop a disorder or ailment, can you expect supplements to offer any help?

The general consensus has long been that as long as people who seem healthy eat well enough to
avoid specific nutritional deficiencies, they don’t need to supplement their diet.

The only thing they have to do is to consume a diet that meets the Recommended Daily
Allowance (RDA) and other guidelines for vitamins and mineral intakers.

And therein lies the problem.

Even if people accept the RDA standards do provide vitamins and minerals intakers that are
adequate for good health, the evidence is overwhelming that most people don’t even come close
to meeting those basic nutritional requirements.

Surveys show that only nine percent of all people in industrialized countries eat five daily
servings of fresh fruits and vegetables, the amount recommended for obtaining the minimum
level of nutrients believed necessary to prevent illness.

For example, average calcium consumption in the United States and Canada is estimated to be
about 60 per cent of the current suggested level of 1 000 mg for young adults, and far below the
1 200 mg recommended for men and women ages 50 to 70.

According to a review of national data by experts at the University of California, Berkeley,

people often make food choices that are nutritionally poor.

For example, they are more likely to select French fries that broccoli as a vegetable serving, and
will generally select a soft drink rather than water, fruit juice, or a glass of skim milk as a
beverage.

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Not only may these and other foods contribute too much fat and sugar to your diet, but they can
also result in less than optimal intakers of vitamins, amino acid, chelated minerals and disease
fighting phytonutrients.

Many diets, these experts point out, contain half the recommended amounts of magnesium and
folic acid. Vitamins A, C and B6, as well as iron and zinc, are other nutrients that surveys show
are at very low levels in most people’s diets.

Even with the best nutritional planning it is difficult to maintain a diet that meets the RDA’s for
all nutrients.

For example, vegetarians, who as a group are healthier than meat eaters, still may be deficient in
some nutrients, such as iron, calcium and Vitamin B12.

And most people who want to maintain a healthy low-fat diet will have a problem obtaining the
recommended amounts of Vitamin E from their food alone, because so many food sources for
vitamin E are high in fat.

Another complication is that a balanced diet may not contain the more specialized substances
such as fish oils, soy isoflavones, enzymes, or alpha-lipoic acid that researchers think may
promote health.

For generally healthy people who cannot always eat a well balanced diet everyday, a supplement
can fill in these nutritional gaps and/ or boost the nutrients they consume from adequate to
optimal.

There are various other reasons why people who maintain good eating habits might benefit from
daily supplement.

Nutritional scientists now believe that exposure to environmental pollutants such as car
emissions and industrial chemicals and wastes can cause damage in many ways inside the body
at the cellular level, destroying tissues and depleting the body of vital nutrients.

Many supplements, particularly those that act as antioxidants, can help control the cell and tissue
damage that follows toxic exposure.

Recent evidence also indicates that certain medications, excess alcohol, smoking, and stress may
interfere with the absorption of certain key nutrients. Even an excellent diet would be unable to
make up for such a shortfall.

In conclusion, specific nutritional programme of vitamins, minerals, and other supplements take
into account these and other environmental and lifestyle factors which affect nutrient levels in
the human body.

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Therefore, their use affords you an excellent opportunity to enhance your diet and, by extension
your life.

“Value in Vitamins”, Better Health,

May-June 2002, Nation Publishing Co. Limited, p.4.

(a) State the writer’s main purpose in no more than 30 words.

Answer:
The writer addresses the importance of taking supplements. People who eat
well or even vegetarians may have deficiencies and may need additional
supplements. A balanced diet can extend life.
(b) Write an essay of no more than 500 words in which you include reference to the
following:
(i) The writer’s purpose
Answer:
The writer’s purposes are as follows:
- To outline the importance of nutrients our bodies need
- To state why our bodies need supplements even though we may try to
eat healthy
- To point out that supplement ensures that our bodies get the nutrients
we need whether we are busy or generally eat unhealthy foods.

(ii) Strategies and language techniques used

Answer:
(a) There is the use of short sentences as well as short paragraphs:
As goods writers know the ways in which pieces of writings are
presented suggest how a reader looks at it. Just looking at the extract,
readers are willing to read it because it is not look long and rather than
looking boring it seems interesting. As such making the paragraphs
short and the sentences as well brings interest to one’s writing before
it is even read. Furthermore, this strategy helps to avoid tediousness
as many writers unconsciously create in their writings.

(b) There was the use of many persuasive techniques: One of the main
one was the use of Rhetorical questions. These questions make the
readers willing to read more, and add to the persuasive tone
throughout the overall extract. The writer wants you to start taking
supplements, how is he going to do that. Indeed he is going to inform
you of its advantages but also persuade you as well. The writer’s
organization is well much evident of its persuasive outlook. His view
is quickly evident and he makes it clear in his conclusion. It provides

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 facts to back up his claims such as data from the University of
California which suggest the use of authoritative sources. There is
also the use of statistics etc. One should also mention the fact that
the writer gives constant examples to back up his claims.

(c) There is the use of loaded and emotive words which appeals to the
reader’s emotion.

(d) The Use of Punctuation Marks such as the commas, the question
marks, and the correct use of full stops which brings clarify throughout
the entire extract. It adds to the evading of tediousness.

(iii) Appropriateness of the tone and register used.

Answer:
The writer uses a formal register throughout the extract. And the tone is very
conversational, which suggest that you can actually think you are talking to a
person who has this information. What does this suggest? Well, it appeals to
many readers as the language is formal and very simple, thus making it very
easy to read. Though this is true it adds to the seriousness of the passage.
(25 marks)

SECTION B

MODULE 2 – LANGUAGE AND COMMUNITY

1. CAPE 2003
Read the poem below and answer the question that follows.

The following is a poem written by Evan Jones, a Jamaican poet who lived in England. In this
poem, the speaker is grieving over the fact that he has to be away from his homeland.

The Lament of the Banana Man

Gal, I’m tellin’ you, I’m tired fo’ true
Tired of England’, tired o’ you.
But I can’ go back to Jamaica now…
I’m here in Englan’, I’m drawin’ pay,
I go to de underground every day –
Eight hours is all, half- hour fo’ lunch
M’ uniform’s free, an’ m’ ticket punch –
Punchin’ tickets not hard to do
When I’m tired o’ punchin’, I let dem through.
I get a paid holiday once a year.
Ol’ age an’ sickness can’ touch me here.
I have a room o’ m’ own, an’ a iron bed,
Dunloppillo under m’ head,
A Morphy- Richards to warm de air,
A formica table, an easy chair.

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I have summer clothes, an’ winter clothes,
An’ paper kerchiefs to blow m’ nose
My yoke is easy, my burden is light,
I know a place I can go to, any night.
Dis place England’! I’m not complainin’,
If it col’, if it rainin’, it rainin’.
I don’ mind’ if it’s mostly night,
Dere’s always inside, or de sodium light.
You won’ catch me bawlin’ any homesick tears
If I don’ see Jamaica for a t’ousand years!
…Gal, I’m tellin’ you, I’m tired fo’ true,
Tired of Englan’, tired o’ you,
I can’ go back to Jamaica now –
But I’d want to die there anyhow.

I don’ min’ white people starin’ at me

Dey don’ want me here? Don’t is deir country?

Evan Jones, “The Lament of the Banana Man”.

New Ships: An Anthology of West Indian Poems.
Oxford University Press, 1980, pp. 29

In an essay of about 500 words, discuss:

(a) The factors that may have led the speaker to use a mixture of English and Jamaican
Creole features in the lament
Answer:

(a) The speaker is showing appreciation for both countries and showing
that both languages are acceptable
(b)The process of Inter-culturation: As the speaker suggest he is home
sick, that must suggest that he has been in England for quite a period
of time. As such, it may be that over time he had acquired some
attributes of the way they speak during socialization.
(c) It may be because he is not a person of the upper class

(b) What the poet achieves by using a mixture of the two languages in this context
Answer:
(a) The poet makes the poem very creative by using the native tongue
which shows that the persona ironically really misses his homeland.
(b)It shows how comfortable she is with that aspects of her island culture
(c) It makes the poem interesting as Creole is sometimes seen as a
comical language

(c) The implications for the wider acceptability of the Jamaican Creole arising from the
poet’s use of language
Answer:

For most part, many people don’t see Creole as a language and this is seen
in the way that they look down on people that uses it on a daily basis. The
way in which the poet uses the creoles implies that he as a user of this

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language sees it as a means of communication with its own syntax,
lexicon, and morphology which suggest that Creole is itself a language. In
some words the last letter is deleted, but it still can be understood e.g. tellin’
Englan’

(d) How a video presentation of the poem would enhance its meaning.
Answer:
- The video presentation would highlight the speaker’s expression as he
uses the two languages. Maybe one would be more expressive and this
would be evident in his expressions.
- The words would be heard clearly creating a striking difference
between the Creole and the standard English
- Lighting would also be useful in conveying how the writer feels as he
speaks the lighting could reflect his expressions and his mood
- His costume would also give an idea of who he is and this would
probably highlight why he speaks the way he does.

Total 25 marks
SECTION C

MODULE 3- SPEAKING AND WRITING

The questions in this Section tend to rely on a candidates ability to write and express one’s
self. As such it is important for one to understand that anything that has to do with
composing a presentation or has to rely on one’s opinions will not be answered. It is keen to
know however that you will be directed as to how to approach it.

1. CAPE 2003
Read the scenario below and answer the question that follows.

You are a member of an environment protection group that is concerned about shipments
of nuclear waste through Caribbean waters. Your group is trying to sensitize persons in
the community to the potential threat, and persuade them to join a protest march.

(a) Indicate an appropriate channel and medium that you would use for the above
purpose. Compose your presentation.
Answer:
(i) One may use a written channel that will carry a medium such as
the Gleaner- letter to the Editors OR a spoken channel where the
medium may be a general meeting or a speech.

(ii) Composing your presentation:

In composing your presentation, first think about what you ought to
write. The question mentions shipments of nuclear waste through
Caribbean waters. Hence, introduce the listeners/ readers about such

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 shipments? After that make sure that the readers are well informed:
Where are they coming from? What are Nuclear wastes? How harmful
can it be? How can it impact on the lives of the Caribbean (both people
and animals)?

Remember to be very persuasive: Use Persuasive techniques to win

them over
- Rhetorical Questions
- Authoritative Sources or any Statistical Data- Are they any evidence
of its impact on Caribbean Society.
- The use of a formal Register

Remember that you are in an exam and as such the examiner does not really
expect you to know any real Scientist that knows about nuclear waste, hence
it is safe to make it up:

Example: According to James Smith, Researcher of Aquatic live in

Caribbean, Nuclear waste is very dangerous. Who is James Smith? We don’t
know and we don’t care. You are in an exam and the aim is to prove that
someday in the future you can make a presentation. Be free to make up as
many statistics and sources you want or need.

Using these guides write your presentation:

(b) Write a paragraph explaining the appropriateness of your composition.

Answer:

The composition is very important as it brings to the listeners/readers the

harms of nuclear waste in the Caribbean society. It is very persuasive and
informative and uses a conversational tone. The tone is also very pleasant
and the register very formal thus making it appeal to everyone. The readers
are therefore made to understand the main point of my composition, and the
overall purpose of my composition. Not only that, they would also act
towards it and do something about it.

Not everyone’s composition would be related to the answer above.

Remember what you write is up to you and the way you organize it
and thus present it would suggest its appropriateness.

Total 25 marks

2. CAPE 2004
Read the scenario below and answer the question that follows.

Your community market has just been renovated and vendors and authorities are quite
pleased with the results. However, at a management meeting the need for vendors to
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 cooperate with the authorities to maintain the market’s cleanliness has been raised. You have
been approached to conduct a campaign to make vendors aware of their responsibilities. You
are well aware that the subject matter must be handled in a delicate manner.

Discuss the approach you would take in creating the campaign in terms of:

(a) The communication challenges you would expect to find when targeting the vendors
Answer:
- Deciding on the best medium and channel
- Understanding the best way to communicate with the vendors in a
delicate manner.
- What particular language should be used or considered to make it
absolutely clear
- How to make it very persuasive

(b) The information that must be relayed, and the vocabulary and register you would
consider appropriate
Answer:

Information that must be relayed:

- The renovation of the market
- The importance of this renovation
- The cost of such a Renovation and therefore the need for it to be
maintained
- The responsibilities of the vendors
- A brief idea of the consequences of them ignoring the warnings and
their responsibilities

Vocabulary: The Vocabulary should be quite simple and persuasive which

should create seriousness in the message being said. The message should
avoid using words that the vendors would not understand as this would
cause confusion and loss of interest.

Register: The register should be very formal which means that it should
appeal to everyone since they are strangers.

(c) Any other organizational strategies, as well as visual approaches you would employ
in your campaign.
Answer:
- The information should be very persuasive
- Posters would be placed around the market reminding them of their
responsibilities e.g. KEEP HERE CLEAN
- There would be the monitoring of the facilities
- Regular meetings would be organized
- There would be the building of dumps around the market
Total 25 marks

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 3. CAPE 2005
Read the scenario below and answer the question that follows.

Your country’s Board of Tourism intends to promote the country as a destination that
offers cultural and business opportunities to visitors. Wealthy elite travelers from Europe
and North America are to be targeted in this campaign.

(a) Identity the medium you think would effectively promote the campaign.
Answer:
The best medium would be a televised advertisement

(b) Write the presentation that the Board of Tourism could use to promote your country.
Answer:

- In composing your presentation think about your tone, your

audience and the register that is appropriate. Your tone must be
pleasant and the register very formal
- Think about the special features of your country and what would
make it appealing to tourists. The beaches, the attitude of the
people, the unique blend of cultures in Jamaica
- Your message should be very persuasive and so there should be the
use of Persuasive techniques. Include illustrations, Rhetorical
Questions,
- Use loaded and emotive words

Using that as a guide: Compose your presentation:

(c) Point out the strategies you would employ to enhance the presentation and explain
why you would consider these appropriate.
Total 25 marks

4. CAPE 2006
Read the scenario below and answer the question that follows.

You are a school counsellor who has been asked to make separate addresses to parents and
guardians of teenagers aged 14 – 17, and to teenagers themselves. The address would be
based on the sensitive subject of sexual activity and sexually transmitted diseases (STD’s)

(a) Identify and justify the difference in approach that you would use in your address to
BOTH audiences. Your response should focus on your use of content, language and
register.
(b) Describe those strategies and visual aids that could be used to enhance your presentation
to BOTH audiences.
Total 25 marks

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14. You are studying at an overseas university and you have been asked to make a presentation
entitled “My Country”.
(a) Name TWO types of non-verbal communication, other than body language, that you can
use as part of your presentation.
Answer:
(a) Dress/ Fashion
(b)Artifacts such as a guitar
(c) Accentuation

(b) Give ONE reason why EACH type of non-verbal communication you named in 14 (a) may
enhance your presentation.
Answer:
(a) One might want to dress himself in the national fabric of the country,
bandana. This would sensitize the audience as to the national colours
of the country
(b)The use of artifacts would enhance the idea that the country’s music,
that is, Reggae, is an important part of its heritage and identity
(c) They can hear the distinct accent of the people

15. You have been asked to undertake a research project in your country. The data have been
collected and is time to write your report.

List FOUR features of language organization necessary to create a good written report.
Answer:
(a) The use of correct sentences
(b)The use of proper paragraphs
(c) Grammar and other of words
(d)The choice of words and thus the vocabulary is necessary to create a
good written report.

16. Interviews are being held for vacation attachments. Your best friend tells you that she did
well in the interview even though nothing to that effect was actually stated.

What THREE non-verbal clues from the interview may have led to her assumption?
Answer:
- Gestures of the interviewees e.g. a smile instead of a frown
- Postures of the interviewee e.g. sitting up straight instead of leaning
back which may suggest him/her being bore
- Tone of voice of the interviewee e.g. pleasant as opposed to rude

MODULE 2- LANGUAGE AND COMMUNITY

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Read Susan’s monologue below, then answer questions 3-4

‘Lord, mi Chile, every time mi go by Tantie, she does seh mi does talk too bad. She does say ah
does chop up de words an dem and mix up de language too much. She does seh mi doesn’t
‘communicate’ right. Lord! Dem big words dere she expec mi to use. She does seh I must speak
the standard language so that I may move up in society. An yu know, I was talking nice wid
Merican accent an ting!’

3. (a) Susan laments being told by Tantie that she does not communicate well. Give THREE
examples of structure in Susan’s monologue to which Tantie would object.
Answer:
(a) The leaving off last letters of words such as expec instead of expect
(b) Grammars such as “she does she mi does talk bad”.
(c) The misspelling of words e.g. Chile instead of Child
(d) Pluralization : de words an dem

(b) State FOUR reasons why Tantie sees the standard language as “good language”.
Answer:
(a) This is what society tells her as Susan puts it “speak the standard language so that I may
move up in society”. Tantie believes that standard languages are the appropriate way to
speak as it is enforced in society.
(b) She may be unaware of the fact that Creole is a language.
(c) Our History has given details of plantation slavery where planters forced their languages
onto the slaves. It is this retention in Caribbean people that makes us think that standard
English is “good languages”
(d) Education enforces the use of standard languages instead of Creole

4. (a) State four arguments you would use to convince Tantie that what Susan is speaking is a
language.
Answer:
(a) Creole is used as a means of communication thus serving the purpose of languages
(b) It has its own grammar
(c) It has its own phonology
(d) It has similar characteristics as that of standard languages i.e. symbolic, arbitrary etc
(e) It has its lexicon

(b) Describe how history has influenced the language situation in a named territory you have
studied.
Answer: Jamaica
It is evident that the way we speak in Jamaica is influenced by our African heritage as well as
our European heritage. Infact it has been a merging of both languages. Caribbean Slaves were
forced on the plantation to abandon their languages and take up that of Europeans masters.
African Retention of their previous languages made it difficult and so they simply merged such
languages thus creating Jamaican Creole. We still use the Standard English as the main means of
communication especially in the schools and the workplace.

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5. Read the scenario below, then answer the questions that follow.

In the Caribbean, it is normal for politicians to use Creole during election campaign when they
move from district to district. However, when they become government ministries, they typically
make their speeches in the standard language.

(a) Give two reason why a political might use the two languages varieties.
Answer:
- Being a politician means that he/ she has to make speeches and be public speakers at time
hence standard English is imperative in a formal situation
- Using Creole allows for easier understanding by the people in society, it creates an idea
that the politician is just a simply human as the rest of citizens and also adds to maintain
culture among the people: this is who we are and what we are proud of

(b) Identify THREE other groups of person who use the two different varieties in their
spoken language.
Answer:
- Doctors
- Teachers
- Entertainers e.g. comedians

(c) For any ONE of the groups identified in 5 (b) (i) above, state the context in which each of
the two language varieties may be used.
Answer:
- Teachers use the Creole in class activities such as drama presentation to make it more
cosmic and interesting to the students
- Teachers use the Standard English when delivering a speech at a school function or when
teacher a class.

6. Read the scenario illustrating below, then answer the questions that follow

(a) In advising Paul against using too much Patios in the valedictory address, what point is Ron
making about language and setting .
Answer:
Ron is indicating that Patois is not an acceptable language to be used at that particular setting;
the graduation is a formal rather than informal occasion.

(b) What FOUR technological devices could Paul use to enhance his presentation?
Answer:
(a) A Microphone
(b) Tape Recorder
(c) The use of a projector
(d) The use of the computer

(ii) Explain how ONE device you identified in 6 (b) above could enhance Paul’s presentation.

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Answer:
- The microphone allows for greater projection without the speaker straining his/her voice
for listeners to hear.
- He/she can record their voice on the tape recorder so as to notice where they are mis-
pronouncing, or to determine the best tone.

4. Read the dialogue below and answer the questions that follow:

Joseph: I believe the greatest gift we’ve got from slavery experience is the English Language

George: Hum! You think so? I think it’s Creole

Joseph: What? Creole? What can you really do With Creole? You can’t write laws or exams or
anything like that!

George: But certainly you can. You can produce formal writing in Creole. After all Creole is
symbolic as English!

(a) Identify TWO Differing attitudes to Creole expressed in a dialogue above. (2 marks)
Answer:
(a) Respect and appreciation for George
(b) Degrading and uncivilized for Joseph

(b) Stat FOUR characteristics of language, other than its symbolism, that Creole and English.
(4 marks)
Answer:
(a) Language are very systematic
(b) Both are dynamic as new words and pronunciation are added thus changing it constantly
(c) Both are non- instinctive
(d) Arbitrary in nature

(c) State ONE advantage of students writing their examination in Creole. (1 marks)
Answer:
It highlights a special part of their culture; it shows that it is a language and it can be used as a
means of communication

5. (a) you are about to open your own small business. List TWO pieces of technology equipment,
other than a desktop computer, that you would purchase for this business. Explain how EACH
could enhance the management of your business. (4 marks)
Answer:
(a) The Telephone: leads to better communication and effectiveness in the workplace
(b) Fax Machine: Quick means of communication, very inexpensive to send effectiveness
and it allows for effectiveness

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 (c) State TWO effects that computer technology has had on language. Give ONE examples
of EACH effect. (4 marks)
Answer:
(a) Due to computer technology there is more wider recognition to different languages for
example, the internet has much information about these languages
(b) Due to computer technology, languages has become more dynamic- The Internet merges
different languages together thus creating changes

6. (A) Two members of the youth group in community have been invited to a regional youth
camp to be held in another territory. There will be tours and group members will be expected to
take part in outreach programmers.

State THREE areas of differences with respect to language that young people from your territory
may experience at his regional camp. (3 marks)
Answer:
(a) The phonology used in different territories tend to differ- the accent for Jamaican and
Trinidadian has a marked difference
(b) The Vocabulary may differ
(c) Language is symbolic: what one people attach to a certain word may not be how one sees
it

(b) Representatives from each territory have been asked to portray some aspect of their culture to
be showcased at a Culturama show. State FOUR means by which your representatives may
showcase their culture. (4 marks)
Answer:
(a) Their costumes
(b) The bringing of props e.g. national dress, food
(c) Performing music- Reggae
(d) Dancing: new dances are created in Jamaica daily
Total 30 Marks

16