CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

1.2 Problem Formulation

 CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

1.1 Definition
A. Definition of chronic renal failure
Chronic kidney disease includes conditions that damage your kidneys and decrease their
ability to keep you healthy by doing the jobs listed. If kidney disease gets worse, wastes can
build to high levels in your blood and make you feel sick. You may develop complications
like high blood pressure, anemia (low blood count), weak bones, poor nutritional health and
nerve damage. Also, kidney disease increases your risk of having heart and blood vessel
disease. These problems may happen slowly over a long period of time. Chronic kidney
disease may be caused by diabetes, high blood pressure and other disorders. Early detection
and treatment can often keep chronic kidney disease from getting worse. When kidney
disease progresses, it may eventually lead to kidney failure, which requires dialysis or a
kidney transplant to maintain life.

B. Definition of Tablet
Chronic kidney disease includes conditions that damage your kidneys and decrease their
ability to keep you healthy by doing the jobs listed. If kidney disease gets worse, wastes can
build to high levels in your blood and make you feel sick. You may develop complications
like high blood pressure, anemia (low blood count), weak bones, poor nutritional health and
nerve damage. Also, kidney disease increases your risk of having heart and blood vessel
disease. These problems may happen slowly over a long period of time. Chronic kidney
disease may be caused by diabetes, high blood pressure and other disorders. Early detection
and treatment can often keep chronic kidney disease from getting worse. When kidney
disease progresses, it may eventually lead to kidney failure, which requires dialysis or a
kidney transplant to maintain life.
2.2PREVALENCE

A. Chronic Renal Failure survey in Indonesia 2018

 In 2018 from the survey conducted by Ministry of Health most people with Chronic
Renal failure are in North Kalimantan , North Maluku and North Sulawesi.
 In 2018 from teh survey conducted by Manistry of Health at least with chronic renal
failure are in West Sulawesi.
 In 2013 the survey conducted by Ministry of Health most people with chronic renal
failure are in Sulawesi Tengah.
 In 2013 the survey conducted by Ministry of healt at least with chronic renal failure are in
NTB.
 According to the characteristics in 2018 most people with chronic renal failure occur
at age 65-74 years
 According to the characteristics in 2018 over the age of 15 years man ranked first
than women. Man 4,17 % and women 3,52 %.
 the number of patients with chronic renal failure is almost the same between in
villages and cities. Most the people living in the village don’t know what is chronic
renal failure. Information is so minimal that they don’t care about what is consumed,
maintaining health and other things that increase risk factors for chronic renal failure.
And there should be a Puskesmas equipped with chronic renal failure center. So they
better understand chronic renal failure. And because in the city all food is available,
so most people don't choose healthy foods and don't think about what they consume.
2.3Main Active

2.4Additive Agents
1. Filler : material used to increase the volume of the tablet
 the additive agents selected : amylum maydis 5 – 10%
 the reason: because amylum can be used as
well as a destroyer, able to expand
when in contact with water and
amylase
2. The binder : material used to bind / attach
powder particles to the tablet
 the additive agents selected : polivinilpirolidon
(PVP) 5%
 the reason: dissolve in water, form softer
granules, produce tablets that are
disintegrated faster and don't
harden on storage
3. Lubricant : material used to improve
powder flow
 the additive agents selected : talk 5%
 the reason: can improve the flow of material
that will be made of tablets,
increasing the tablet size
determination