Preface

Thank to Almighty Allah Swt and not forget to Shalawat and Salam to our big Prophet
Muhammad SAW who has given His bless to the writer for finishing the English paper
assignment entitled “Learning to listen”.

The writer also wish to express his deep and sincere gratitude for those who have guided in completing
this paper. This English paper is contains the explanation about Learning to listen in a good way.

We realized this assignment is not perfect. But we hope it can be useful for us.
Critics and suggestion is needed here to make this assignment be better.

Medan,27 September 2018

Group 1

1
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface.......................................................................................................................................... 1

Table of Content ..........................................................................................................................2

Chapter I
Introduction

A. Background.............................................................................................................................. 3
B. Identifications of problem........................................................................................................3
C. The objectives of problems.................................................................................................................3

Chapter II
Discussion
1.1 . Listening............................................................................................................................... 4
2.1. Vocabulary............................................................................................................................. 6
2.2. Type of Vocabulary............................................................................................................... 7
2.3. The correlation between vocabulary and listening................................................................ 9

Chapter III
Conclusion and suggestion
A. Conclusion..............................................................................................................................10
B. Suggestion...............................................................................................................................10

Reference.....................................................................................................................................11

2
 CHAPTER I

Introduction

A. Background

Listening is receiving language through the ears. Listening involves identifying the
sounds of speech and processing them into words and sentences. When we listen, we use our
ears to receive individual sounds (letters, stress, rhythm and pauses) and we use our brain to
convert these into messages that mean something to us. Listening is very different with hearing.
in listening we process the voice with our mind, but for hearing, we only hear that word.

In this Paper, we will discuss the basic of listening, that is Learning and vocabulary
basic. As we know, when we listen, we must know as much as vocabulary, because to be a good
listener, we must know and understand what is the speaker talking about.

B. Identifications of problem

1. What is Listening ?

2. What is Vocabulary?

3. Why we need to learn Vocabulary as a basic for listening?

4. What are some example of vocabularies?

C. The objectives of problems.

1. To know understand what is listening.

2. To know what is vocabulary.

3. To know the importance of learning vocabulary as the basic of listening.

3
 4. To know what are some example of vocabularies.

CHAPTER II

Discussion

1.1. Listening

Listening is the language modality that is used most frequently. It is a vital component
of the oral communication, or the interactive process in which the individual takes the roles of
speaker and listener through a verbal and non verbal component. Listening with concentration
can be called active listening because we are not just passively allowing speech to enter our
ears, but instead are bringing as much of our listening capacity into the act as possible. Our ears
become hungry for the words they are listening to, and chew the words as finely as possible
before digesting them.

Simply having good hearing does not make one a good listener. In fact, many people
who have perfectly good hearing are not good listeners. Having good hearing does facilitate
one’s perception of sound; but good listeners don’t simply hear words—they focus on the
meaning. We communicate effectively with each other insofar as we share meaning.1 Effective
listening implies that the listener understands what the speaker means. The difference between
hearing and listening can be stated this way: Hearing is the reception of sound, listen - ing is the
attachment of meaning to the sound. Hearing is passive, listening is active. Understanding the
difference between hearing and listening is important for listening effectively. The first step in
listening effectively is to recognize certain fallacies or false notions.

Listening involves a sender (a person, radio, television), a message, and a receiver (the
listener). Listeners often must process messages as they come, even if they are still processing

1
John.A.Kline, Listening Effectively, Alabama : Air university press, 1996

4
what they have just heard, without backtracking or looking ahead. In addition, listeners must
cope with the sender's choice of vocabulary, structure, and rate of delivery. The complexity of
the listening process is magnified in second language contexts, where the receiver also has
incomplete control of the language. After knowing what is listening, now we will learn what is
listening based on the expert of listening.

1. ( Rost,1994) “ Listening is considered to be a part of oracy, a capacity to

formulate Thought verbally and to communicate with others, Chapter so it is the
skill that underlines all verbal communication”
2. ( Miller, Goodith, 2001, 48 ).Listening is not merely not talking…it means taking
a vigorous human interest in what is being told us. You can listen like blank mall
or like a splendid auditorium where every sounds comes back fuller and richer”
3. Listening is the ability to identify and understand what the speaker is saying
through understanding his accent, pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary and
grasping his meaning. Those sub components of listening are well explained by
(Rost,1994) as he draws a particular list of components to master when dealing
with this skill: - Discriminating between sounds . - Recognizing words. -
Identifying stressed words and grouping of words. - Identifying functions(such
as apologizing )in conversations - Connecting linguistic cues to paralinguistic
cues (intonation and stress) and to non linguistic cues (gestures and relevant
objects in the situation) in order to construct meaning. - Using background
knowledge and context to predict and then to confirm meaning. - Recalling
important words, topics and ideas. - Giving appropriate feed back to the speaker.
- Reformulate what the speaker has said. Rost(1994) insists on the fact that
students must deploy all these sub skills to realize a successful process when he
states: "Successful listening involves an integration of these component skills .In
this sense, listening is a coordination of the component skills, not the individual
skills themselves. This integration of these skills constitutes a person's listening
ability
4. (Feyten, 1991).  Listening has emerged as an important component in the process
of second language acquisition.

5
 5. (Wipf, 1984)Listening is an invisible mental process, making it difficult to
describe. Listeners must discriminate between sounds, understand vocabulary
and grammatical structures, interpret stress and intention, retain and interpret this
within the immediate as well as the larger socio-cultural context of the utterance.

2.1.
Vocabulary

Vocabulary is one of English components or sub-skill that must be taught to the learners,
because vocabulary has the primary role for all languages. No matter how well the student
learns grammar, no matter how successfully the sounds of second language just can not happen
in any meaningful way (Schmitt and McCarthy, 2000:140). This statement shows us how
important vocabulary in communication. It is not only for English, but also for the other
languages all over the world. Communication happens if the speaker and listener understand
what they tell and they hear. In order to get meaningful communication, the knowledge about
the meaning of the word must be mastered and before master in the meaning of the word itself,
the vocabulary knowledge will be the first ability that must be mastered. The knowledge of it is
also really useful in helping students to master the four language skills in order to reach the
communicative competence.

A vocabulary is a set of familiar words within a person's language.

The noun vocabulary (or vocab for short) refers to the words used in a language.
The word vocabulary can have at least three different meanings:

1. all of the words in a language

 New words are constantly being added to the vocabulary of English.

2. the words used in a particular context

 If you want to do an MBA you need to improve your business vocabulary.

 My neighbour is a doctor so he has an extensive medical vocabulary.
 I've just bought a book on the vocabulary of slang.

3. the words an individual person knows

 The teacher says that my vocabulary is good.

6
 Vocabulary is also one of the linguistic aspects of language. It means that vocabulary
plays a very important role in learning a foreign language because it would facilitate
students in production stage of the language learning, e.g. listening comprehension. Al
Kufaisi (1998:42) states that vocabulary is a vehicle of thought self expression,
interpretation, and communication. It can be said that the students should posses a large
number of vocabulary items to succeed in educational, intellectual, and professional fields.
There are so many definition of Vocabulary in English, according to the expert. Such as :

A. (Linse,2005:121).Vocabulary is the collection of words that an individual knows .

B. Hatch and Brown (1995:1)define that vocabulary as a list of words for a particular
language or a list or set of word that individual speakers of language might use.
Furthermore, in
C. Webster Dictionary(1985:1073), vocabulary is define as a list or collection of words
usually alphabetically arranged and explained or lexicon, stock of words use in language
or by class ,individual, etc.
D. Roget (1980:1036), vocabulary is:
A. A list of words often defined or translated.
B. All the words of Language.
C. Specialized expression which are indigenous to a particular field, subject, trade
orsubculture.

2.2 Type of Vocabulary

Listening Vocabulary: The words we hear and understand. Starting in the womb, fetuses
can detect sounds as early as 16 weeks. Furthermore, babies are listening during all their waking
hours – and we continue to learn new words this way all of our lives. By the time we reach
adulthood, most of us will recognize and understand close to 50,000 words. (Stahl, 1999;
Tompkins, 2005) Children who are completely deaf do not get exposed to a listening
vocabulary. Instead, if they have signing models at home or school, they will be exposed to a

7
“visual” listening vocabulary. The amount of words modeled is much less than a hearing child’s
incidental.
Vocabulary Intervention involves three tiers: Tier 1 – basic words (happy, clean, fast)
Tier 2 – high frequency words; mature language users; multiple meanings; used in many
settings (cluster, sympathy, estimate) Tier 3 – low frequency, specific to classes such as:
science/math/social studies (lathe, chasm, warp)

Examples of Vocabulary:

 Minute - Extremely or infinitely small.

   The CBI will find out every minute detail about the fraudulency.

 Complicated- difficult to understand, analyse, or explain.

   This sum is too complicated.

 Evident- Clear understanding.

   It was evident that his boss was dissatisfied with his performance.

 Appoint-to assign to a position or designation.

  He was appointed as Company Secretary by Human Resource Department last month.

 Days &
 Alphabets          Animals             Colours               Greetings          Numbers             
Dates      

 Nationalitie
 Seasons  Shapes  Time  Countries  Weather
s

 Food &
 People  Buildings   Clothes  Education  Entertainment 
Drinks 

 Life & Death   Politics  Money  Shopping  Sport  Transport

8
 Profession  Idioms  Synonyms   Phrases  Proverbs  Songs

 Appearance
 Antonyms  Sizes  Language  Football  Elections
s

Basic English Vocabulary include

2.3. The Correlation between Listening and Vocabulary

Logically, there is a significant correlation between vocabulary mastery and listening ability.
According to Wise (2007:50), expressive vocabulary knowledge and listening comprehension skills were
found to be independently related to word identification abilities. It means that there is a linkage between
vocabulary mastery and listening ability in order to know the word in its usage, meaning and class. It can
be noticed when people are listening to an English song, they can absolutely understand about the words
said by the singer if they have a good skill of vocabulary mastery.

Typically, students of English from countries where English rarely used outside the
school may head well but have had little experience in listening to English. If the students have
a very limited vocabulary, then vocabulary can be taught through English listening. According
to Hughs (2003:179), vocabulary supports other language skills such as listening, speaking,
reading, and writing, and it must be mastered when learning a foreign language. It means that
listening is one of the skills in English language which can be influenced by the mastery of
vocabulary. Additionally, expressive vocabulary knowledge and listening comprehension skills
were found to be independently related to word identification abilities (Wise, 2007:50). It
explains that the vocabulary has a special relationship with listening.

As we know, Vocabulary is basic wherever you want to learn something, without

vocabulary, we don’t know how to say something. This case can be seen when students have
already known by rote a song lyric, they will easily sing that song while the song is being
played. It can also be said that when people master in a listening then they must also master in
vocabulary. In listening to a foreign language, the students have been on an experience of
thinking that the language is a spoken abnormally fast. They may be able to identify a single
word or phrase, but by the time they have the impression of having blanked out. Sometimes
they missed the words. So, when people listen to something they must concentrate of what the
speaker said. However, they are able to listen to exactly the same data again; they quickly
identify those words or phrases, which have been isolated in the previous hearing. They also are

9
able to build their vocabulary quickly. Besides that, listening enriches their vocabulary because
by listening they can get new words and spelling. From the description above, it can be said that
more vocabulary people have, better they master the language.

CHAPTER III
Conclusion and Suggestion

3.1. Conclusion

From this paper, we can learn that between listening and vocabulary have a big
correlation. Without vocabulary, we can’t listen clearly and we can’t understand what the
speaker said. And there will be misunderstanding between the speaker and the listener. Even,
when we are being a speaker, we cant talk. Vocabulary is very important since, without
vocabulary, we can’t speak and we can’t listen. vocabulary is one of the elements in language.
Among all the elements of language have interaction with others elements. Language
knowledge well can be known from vocabulary used.

3.2. Suggestion

As we know vocabulary is very important, we must learn vocabulary everyday. We

can learn vocabulary through games, song, or reading book. More vocabulary we know, more
clever we can be in listening and speaking.

10
 Reference

John.A.Kline, Listening Effectively, Alabama : Air university press, 1996

Milestones in ELT, The Teaching of Listening Comprehension,1981

file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/245989918-The-Correlation-Between-Vocabulary-Mastery-and-
Listening-Achievement.pdf ( 24 September 2018, 14:00)

https://youtu.be/u5yrKM08a9M ( 24 September 2018, 14:30)

https://english.tutorvista.com/vocabulary.html ( 26 - September-2018 [11:32 A.m])

11