ALCOHOL DETECTION AND

VEHICLE CONTROL

MICROPROCESSOR AND
INTERFACING
J COMPONENT - REPORT

SAGAR JAIN – 18BCE2044

SANUJ RAJ – 18BCE2077
TABLE OF CONTENTS

SR. NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

1. Abstract
2. Chapter - 1
2.1 AIM
2.2 Objective
2.3 Introduction
3. Chapter - 2
3.1 Related works or Literature Survey
3.2 Existing and Proposed System
4. Chapter - 3
4.1 Proposed System Design architecture
4.2 Architecture Explanation
4.3 Algorithms & Pseudocode
5. Chapter - 4
5.1 Results & Discussions
5.2 Conclusion & Future Work
6. Reference
ABSTRACT
This system is aimed at making vehicle driving safer than before. This is implemented using
Arduino. We have derived the driver’s condition in real time environment, and we propose the
detection of alcohol using alcohol detector connected to Arduino such that when the level of
alcohol crosses a permissible limit, the vehicle ignition system will turn off and the GPS module
will capture the present location of the vehicle. Also, the GSM module will automatically send
distress message to police or family members.
Keywords: - Alcohol detection system, Vehicle controlling system, Accident prevention system,
GSM, GPS, Arduino.
CHAPTER 1
AIM
Make driving safer than before

OBJECTIVE
To implement alcohol detection system on vehicles to prevent accidents using Arduino.

INTRODUCTION
The main purpose behind this project is “Drunk driving detection”. Now a days, many accidents
are happening because of the alcohol consumption of the driver or the person who is driving the
vehicle. Thus, Drunk driving is a major reason of accidents in almost all countries all over the
world. Alcohol Detector in Car project is designed for the safety of the people seating inside the
car. Alcohol breath analyzer project should be fitted / installed inside the vehicle.

CHAPTER 2
RELATED WORKS OR LITERATURE SURVEY
The author has proposed a method to detect alcohol but uses GPS and GSM module which
increases the overall cost which could be avoided. In our project, we are using a buzzer which
will be more cost efficient. Use of buzzer will alert the people nearby and hence any kind of
necessary action can be taken. The authors propose to use a smart helmet to avoid accidents.
There are many flaws with their design. A major shortcoming is the limitation of the its
application to only vehicles which use helmets, i.e. 2 wheelers which is not a feasible idea while
driving, especially for short distances. Another drawback being, the system when implemented
makes the helmet too heavy which is not favorable for driving. Also, they have used an
expensive microcontroller whereas we are using open source hardware, which is very cheap. The
authors discuss about complex health monitoring systems and infrared sensor to detect the
presence of alcohol. A major drawback of this system is the possibility of a false alarm. The
system is designed in a manner that even a slight change in some particular condition can result
in ringing false alarms even though everything was normal. In our project, we are using only the
required technology thereby making the system more reliable and cost effective when
implemented. The authors have proposed a system to prevent the accidents due to drunken
driving. Major drawback of this system is that they have used PIC16F877A microcontroller
which is not as useful as Arduino Uno microcontroller that we are using. Also, they have used an
old design system which is not useful and increases the overall cost of the system which makes it
expensive and somewhat unaffordable to certain segments of society thereby limiting its scope to
be used. Hence, our system is more cost effective and can be easily afforded. The authors discuss
the problem of drunken driving and propose to solve it by suggesting a system. However, the
major drawback of their system is that they are using MQ2 alcohol sensor which is not accurate
and is not specifically sensitive to alcohol. In our project, we are using a MQ3 sensor which is
designed to be accurate towards alcohol detection which gives more accurate results and saves
from raising false alarms. Also, they have used a PIC microcontroller which is expensive when
compared to Arduino Uno which is open sourced. The author has tried to design a system to
tackle the problem of helmet negligence and alcohol detection at the same time. The system is
overly complex.

EXISTING SYSTEM
Now-a-days, mobile phone is used almost by all people. With internet usage are also at all.so
these mobile phone also provide communication platform as they are equipped with 2G or 3G
network.
M.H. Mohamad , Mohd AminBin Hasanuddin,Mohd Hafizzie Bin Ramli “Vehicle Accident
Prevention System Embedded with Alcohol Detector”, IJRECE,Volume 1-Issue 4 October

PIC 16876A controller, Alcohol sensor, LCD Display And Alarm system to notify driver only,
ignition system was immediately off when detected alcohol.
“Alcohol Detection and Accident Prevention of Vehicle ” ,IJIERE, Volume 2,Issue 3,2015

GSM and GPS was used to send location and alcohol detected related message to relative of
driver. Location was normally in longitude and latitude which was difficult to locate. Ignition
system directly turn off when detected alcohol.
“Automatic Drunken Drive Prevention System”,IJSRTM,Volume2,March-April 2014, ISSN
2321-2543, pg. 74-77

IR LED 894 was used. It was produces high intensity IR ray’s ,which mean’s it absorb alcohol of
only high content from air, so this symbolies that this mechanism will work only when driver is
over drunk for lower concentration of alcohol it was detected accurately.
“Embedded Controller For vehicle Obstacle Detection and Cabin Alert System” .pdf

IR sensor was used to detect obstacle which comes in front of this sensor(vehicle), and when
obstacle detected vehicle was stop. It was also monitoring the toxic gases such as CO2,LPG,
Alcohol from inside area of the vehicle .If there is high content of gases then SMS had been send
to authorised person to notify only.
“Accident Prevention using eye-blinking and head movement ” ,ETCSIT2012,IJCA
It describes a real-time online prototype driver-fatigue monitor. It uses remotely located charge-
coupled-device cameras which is equipped with active infrared illuminators to acquire video
images of the driver. Various visual cues that typically characterize the level of alertness of a
person are extracted in real time and systematically combined to infer the fatigue level of the
driver. The visual cues employed characterize eyelid movement, gaze movement, head
movement, and facial expression. If the eye of driver is being continuously closing it mean eye-
blink frequency is beyond the normal state and it is in sleeping condition, then ignition system
would be off immediately.
Proposed system
This system is aimed at making vehicle driving safer than before. This is implemented using
Arduino. We have derived the driver’s condition in real time environment, and we propose the
detection of alcohol using alcohol detector connected to Arduino such that when the level of
alcohol crosses a permissible limit, the vehicle ignition system will turn off and the GPS module
will capture the present location of the vehicle. Also, the GSM module will automatically send
distress message to police or family members.

CHAPTER 3
PROPOSED SYSTEM DESIGN ARCHITECTURE

Pin diagram for LCD Display

Pin diagram for MQ3 Sensor

Pin diagram for Motor
Pin diagram for GSM Module

ARCHITECTURE EXPLANATION
The system implemented by us aims at reducing the road accidents soon due to drunken driving.
The system detects the presence of alcohol in the vehicle and immediately locks the engine of the
vehicle. At the same time an SMS along with the location of the vehicle is send to pre-selected
contacts. Hence the system reduces the quantum of road accidents and fatalities due to drunk
driving in future.
Arduino Board
The Arduino board is the central unit of the system. The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board
based on the ATmega328. It is a programmable micro controller for prototyping
electromechanical devices. You can connect Digital and Analog electronic signals: • Sensors
(Gyroscopes, GPS Locators, accelerometers) • Actuators (LEDS or electrical motors) It has 14
digital Input / output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz
ceramic Resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset button as shown
in figure 2. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a
computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.
Alcohol Sensor MQ-3
The analog gas sensor - MQ3 is suitable for detecting alcohol, this sensor can be used in a
Breathalyzer. It has a high sensitivity to alcohol and small sensitivity to Benzene. The sensitivity
can be adjusted by the potentiometer. Sensitive material of MQ-3 gas sensor is SnO2, which with
lower conductivity in clean air. MQ-3 gas sensor has high sensitivity to Alcohol, and has good
resistance to disturb of gasoline, smoke and vapor. The sensor could be used to detect alcohol
with different concentration; it is with low cost and suitable for different application.
Specifications: • Power supply needs: 5V • Interface type: Analog • Pin Definition: 1-Output 2-
GND 3-VCC • High sensitivity to alcohol and small sensitivity to Benzene • Fast response and
High sensitivity • Stable and long life • Simple drive circuit with size: 40x20mm
GSM Module
The GSM net used by cell phones provides a low cost, long range, wireless communication
channel for applications that need connectivity rather than high data rates. Machinery such as
industrial refrigerators and freezers, HVAC, vending machines, vehicle service etc. could benefit
from being connected to a GSM system. The protocol used by GSM modems for setup and
control is based on the Hayes AT-Command set. The GSM modem specific commands are
adapted to the services offered by a GSM modem such as: text messaging, calling a given Phone
number, deleting memory locations etc. Since the main objective for this application note is to
show how to send and receive text messages, only a subset of the AT-Command set needs to be
implemented.

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic display module. A 16x2 LCD means it can
display 16 characters per line and there are 2 such lines. In this LCD each character is displayed
in 5x7 pixel matrix. This LCD has two registers, namely, Command and Data. The command
register stores the command instructions given to the LCD. A command is an instruction given to
LCD to do a predefined task like initializing it, clearing its screen, setting the cursor position,
controlling display etc. The data register stores the data to be displayed on the LCD.

DC Motor
This DC or direct current motor works on the principal, when a current carrying conductor is
placed in a magnetic field, it experiences a torque and tends to move. This is known as motoring
action.

BUZZER
Buzzer gives a beep sound when a condition is met.
Setup for connecting hardware and software
• • Install Arduino IDE
• • Set board to Arduino and PORT given in dropdown menu
• • Bifurcate Gnd and Vcc of uno board so that other sensors can use it
• • Set MQ3 Sensor : Analog pin to A0 of Arduino board

Vcc to Vcc and Gnd to Gnd of Arduino

• • GSM – SIM900 has 4 pins(Transmitter, Receiver, Vcc and Gnd)
• • Arduino’s TX and RX are connected to RX and TX of GSM module respectively
• • LCD : 16*2 display Set RS(Register Select), EN(Enable), and DATA pins as shown in
‘www.arduino.cc’
• • Motor driver is used to run the toy-car(model).
• • A power supply is required as Arduino cannot run motor
• • The following is the pin configuration:-
• 1. PIN 9,10 : RX and TX
• 2. PIN 7 : Register Select
• 3. PIN 11 : Used to Enable GSM module
• 4. PIN 2,3,4,5 : DATA handling pins
• 5. PIN 8 : Buzzers and RED LED
• 6. PIN 6 : Green LED
• 7. PIN 12,13 : Connected to each input socket of Motor driver
• 8. Output sockets of Motor driver are connected to Gnd

ALGORITHMS & PSEUDOCODE

#include <SoftwareSerial.h> // libraries
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
SoftwareSerial gsm(9, 10); // Initializing the GSM module
const int rs = 7, en = 11, d4 = 5, d5 = 4, d6 = 3, d7 = 2; // declaring the LCD module pins
LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7); // Initializing the module

int AOUTpin=A0; // A0 pin of Arduino to Analog Pin of MQ3 sensor

int value;
int flag=0;
int flag2=0;
int buzzer=8; // Digital Pin 8 of aruduino get interfaced with buzzer with help of a GND part
int led=6;
const int inputPin1 = 12; // For motor1
const int inputPin2 = 13; //For motor 2
void setup() {
gsm.begin(9600);
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(AOUTpin, INPUT);
lcd.begin(16, 2);
lcd.cursor();
lcd.print("ACCI- PREVENTION");
pinMode(buzzer,OUTPUT);
pinMode(led,OUTPUT);
pinMode(inputPin1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(inputPin2, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(inputPin1, HIGH);
 digitalWrite(inputPin2, LOW);
}

void loop() {
value= analogRead(AOUTpin);
Serial.print(" Alcohol value: ");
Serial.println(value);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(led,HIGH);
//lcd.display();
if (value>=600) {
flag+=1;flag2+=1;
digitalWrite(led,LOW);
lcd.begin(16, 2);
lcd.display();
digitalWrite(buzzer,HIGH);
lcd.print("Stopping Engine");
delay(10000);
if(flag==1){
gsm.println("AT+CMGF=1");
delay(1000);
gsm.println("AT+CMGS=\"+918010139833\"\r");
delay(1000);
gsm.println("Your ward has been caught drunk driving");
delay(100);
gsm.println((char)26);
delay(1000);
}
if(flag2==1){
digitalWrite(inputPin1, LOW);
digitalWrite(inputPin2, LOW);
}
}
digitalWrite(buzzer,LOW);
}
CHAPTER 4
RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Whenever a drunk person tries to take control of vehicle, the alcohol sensor will detect the
presence of alcohol and if presence of alcohol is detected by the sensor, it will shut down the
vehicle’s engine and sound a buzzer thereby alerting the nearby people. The LCD screen present
in the vehicle will display “Alcohol Detected” so that people are aware of the situation and hence
can take the necessary action that may be required. A message will also be sent to the family
members of the person as well as the local authorities. Therefore, by using this system on a
vehicle, any kind of loss of life or damage to property can be avoided. Simulation of the system
has been done in Arduino IDE. All the components have been tested and connected as required
thereby providing us with the desired result.

In this project, we have developed an efficient system to tackle the menace of drunken driving.
Our main aim is to minimize the loss of lives and property which happen due to drunken driving.
This system once implemented on a large scale will prove to be really helpful by shutting down
the vehicle’s engine and alerting the nearby people before any mishap takes place. The sensor
used in the project is very accurate and can be configured according to the requirements thereby
increasing the efficiency.

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK

We have provided a very effective solution to develop an intelligent system for vehicles for
alcohol detection whose core is Arduino. Since sensor has fine sensitivity range around 2 meters,
it can suit to any vehicle and can easily be hidden from the suspects. The whole system has also
an advantage of small volume and more reliability. As the growing public perception is that
vehicle safety is more important, advances in public safety is gaining acceptance than in the past.
Future scope of this system is to control the accidents causes due to alcohol consumption. This
system improves the safety of human being. And hence providing the effective development in
the automobile industry regarding to reduce the accidents cause due to alcohol.
REFERENCE

[1] Joson, Rommel Anacan, Roberto Dela Cruz Electronics Engineering Department,
Technological Institute of the Philippines- Manila Manila, Philippines-Design of Alcohol
Detection System for Car Users thru Iris Recognition Pattern Using Wavelet Transform[2016 7th
International Conference on Intelligent Systems, Modelling and Simulation]
[2] Cahalan, D., I. Cisin, and Crossley, American Drinking Practices: A National Study of
Driving Behaviour and Attitudes. 1969, Rutgers University Press: New Brunswick, NJ.
[3] MUGILA.G, MUTHULAKSHMI.M, SANTHIYA.K, Prof.DHIVYA.P- SMART HELMET
SYSTEM USING ALCOHOL DETECTION FOR VEHICLE PROTECTION[International
Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology (IJIRTSE) ISSN: 2395-
5619, Volume – 2, Issue – 7. July 2016]
[4] Dhivya M and Kathiravan S, Dept. of ECE, Kalaignar Karunanidhi Institute of Technology-
Driver Authentication and Accident Avoidance System for Vehicles[Smart Computing Review,
vol. 5, no. 1, February 2015]
[5] Babor, AUDIT: The alcohol use disorders identification Test: Guidelines for use in primary
health care. 1992, Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization
[6] Lee, Assessing the Feasibility of Vehicle-Based Sensors To Detect Alcohol Impairment.
2010, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration: Washington, DC.
[7] http://www.arduino.cc/
[8] A. ISuge, H.Takigawa, H.Osuga, H.Soma, K.Morisaki, Accident Vehicle Automatic
Detection System By Image Processing Technology , ©IEEE 1994 Vehiclee Navigation &
information Systems Conference
[9] Paul Baskett , Yi Shang , Michael V. Patterson , Timothy Trull , Towards A System for
Body-Area Sensing and Detection of Alcohol Craving and Mood Dvsregulation , © 2013 IEEE.