LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

General abbreviations

ACCI the active citizenship composite indicator

AES Adult Education Survey
ALL Adult Literacy and Life-skills Survey
ARWU The Academic ranking of World Universities
CEPES Centre Européen pour l'enseignement supérieur/
European Centre for Higher Education (UN organisation based in Bucharest)
CHE Centre for Higher Education Development
CILT UK National Centre for Languages
CIS Community Innovation Survey
CIVED Citizenship Education Survey (IEA study of 1999)
CRELL Centre for Research on Lifelong Learning
CVET Continuing vocational education and training
CVT Continuing Vocational Training
CVTS Continuing Vocational Training Survey
ECTS the European Credit Transfer System
ECVET European Credit for Vocational Education and Training
EEA European Economic Area (EU 27+Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein)
EIT European Institute of Technology
EMU European Monetary Union
ENQA European Network of Agencies
EPL Employment Protection Legislation
ESCS Economic, social and cultural status
ESPAIR Education par le sport de plein air contre le décrochage scolaire
ESS European Social Survey
EQF European qualifications framework
EUR PPS Euro in purchasing power parities (taking into account different price levels)
EU-SILC EU-Statistics on Income and Living Conditions
FTE Full-time equivalent
FYR Former Yugoslav Republic (of Macedonia)
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GERESE European Group of Research on Equity of Educational Systems
GNP Gross National Product
IALS International Adult Literacy Survey
ICCS International Civic and Citizenship education survey
ICT Information and Communication Technology
IEA International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement
ILO International Labour Organisation (UN-Organisation based in Geneva)
IREG International Ranking Expert Group
ISCED International Standard Classification of Education
ISCO International Standard Classification of Occupations
LFS Labour Force Survey
MST Maths, science and technology
NACE Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community
NEET Not in employment, education or training
NFER National Foundation for Educational Research
NGOs Non-government organisations
OMC Open Method of Co-ordination

155
OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
OJC Official Journal of the European Communities
PIAAC Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (OECD study)
PIRLS Progress in International Reading Literacy Survey
PISA Programme for International Student Assessment
PLA Peer Learning Activity
PPS Purchasing Power Standards
R&D Research and development
SCI Science Citation Index
S&E Science and engineering
SENDDD Statistics on students with disabilities, learning difficulties and disadvantages
SES socio-economic status
SSCI Social Science Citation Index
TALIS Teaching and Learning International Survey (OECD study)
THES Times Higher Education Supplement
TIMSS Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study
UIS UNESCO Institute for Statistics (based in Montreal)
UN United Nations
UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (based in Paris)
UOE UIS/OECD/Eurostat (common data collection)
VET Vocational education and training
WUR World University Ranking

Country Abbreviations

EU European Union PT Portugal

BE Belgium RO Romania
BG Bulgaria SI Slovenia
CZ Czech Republic SK Slovakia
DK Denmark FI Finland
DE Germany SE Sweden
EE Estonia UK United Kingdom
EL Greece
ES Spain CC Candidate Countries
FR France HR Croatia
IE Ireland MK FYR Macedonia
IT Italy TR Turkey
CY Cyprus
LV Latvia EEA European Economic Area*
LT Lithuania IS Iceland
LU Luxembourg LI Liechtenstein
HU Hungary NO Norway
MT Malta
NL Netherlands Others
AT Austria JP Japan
PL Poland US/USA United States of America

* EEA includes also the EU countries

156
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