TN1Ue 86438 Ethernet

TN1-
TN1-86400-
86400-438PS
Issue 1
January 2002
TN1Ue
SDH Multiplexer
86438 ETHERNET UNIT
Technical Practice
and
Installation Manual
Copyright © GE Power Management 2001

TN1Ue
SDH Multiplexer
Technical Practice and Installation Manual
Copyright  GE Power Management 2001, All Rights Reserved
The copyright of this document is the property of GE Power Management. This document must
not be copied, reprinted or reproduced in any material form, either wholly or in part, without the
written consent of GE Power Management.
GE Power Management reserves the right to make changes and modifications to any part of this
document without notice.
GE Power Management is not responsible for any damages or losses incurred as a result of
out-of-date or incorrect information contained in this document.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION PAGE
1. INTRODUCTION ................................................ 5
Related Publication and Documentation Support ............................ 5
Handling and Packing ......................................................................... 6
2. UNIT OVERVIEW ............................................... 7

Path Protection.................................................................................... 8
Spanning Tree ..................................................................................... 8
3. FRONT PANEL FEATURES ............................. 10

LED Indications .................................................................................. 10
Push-button (ACK) ............................................................................. 10
Craft Interface (C.I.) Jack ................................................................... 11
4. UNIT DESCRIPTION ......................................... 12

TIF Module .......................................................................................... 12
Envelope Routing ............................................................................... 13
ETHER Module.................................................................................... 13
TIF Port Receive ................................................................................. 16
TIF Port Transmit................................................................................ 17
Communication Processing .............................................................. 17
Bridging Requirements...................................................................... 18
MAC Address Management ............................................................... 18
5. INSTALLATION................................................. 20
Preinstallation..................................................................................... 20
Linear Network ................................................................................... 20
Ring Network ...................................................................................... 20
Shelf Position ..................................................................................... 21
Installation .......................................................................................... 22
Power Requirements.......................................................................... 23
Copyright  GE Power Management Corporation 2001

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SECTION PAGE
Paddleboard Connections ................................................................. 24
Paddleboard Installation..................................................................25
Replacing Ethernet Unit in a System in Service .............................. 26
Adding Ethernet Unit(s) in a System in Service .............................. 27
Adding Ethernet unit(s) on an unused TIFport ..............................27
Adding Ethernet unit(s) on a TIFport not fully utilized ..................28
Tying Ethernet Traffic ........................................................................ 31
6. CONFIGURATION............................................. 32
Main TLCI Screen Data....................................................................... 32
Unit Monitoring ................................................................................... 34
Address Data ...................................................................................... 35
"F8" Ethernet Alarm Screen .............................................................. 36
Ethernet Alarms.................................................................................. 37
LAN Configuration.............................................................................. 38
Ethernet Frame Counters .................................................................. 39
7. MAINTENANCE and TROUBLESHOOTING .... 42

F1 Help ................................................................................................ 42
Configuration ...................................................................................... 42
TU-11 Screen ...................................................................................... 42
TU-11 Path Testing ............................................................................. 44
Replacing Ethernet Unit..................................................................... 44
Troubleshooting ................................................................................. 44
8. SPECIFICATIONS ............................................. 46
Physical............................................................................................... 46
Electrical ............................................................................................. 46
Environmental .................................................................................... 47
Mechanical .......................................................................................... 47
EMC ..................................................................................................... 47
Safety................................................................................................... 47
Reliability ............................................................................................ 47
Ethernet............................................................................................... 48
Bridging Performance........................................................................ 48

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SECTION PAGE
9. ORDERING INFORMATION.............................. 49
Equipment and Option Code List...................................................... 49
APPENDIX A ......................................................... 50
List of Figures..................................................................................... 50
List of Tables ...................................................................................... 50
APPENDIX B ......................................................... 51
List of Acronyms ................................................................................ 51
List of Acronyms (continued)............................................................ 52

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1. INTRODUCTION
The 86438 Ethernet unit is one of the family of units in GE Power Management’s
TN1Ue digital transport/access system designed specifically for the requirements
of the utility (Power, Transportation, Pipelines, Oil & Gas, etc.) industry using
optical fibre transmission.
This manual explains how to operate, install and maintain the 86438 Ethernet
unit. The unit description and block diagram are included as well as detailed
description of the unit’s operation.
Engineering documentation includes EAS schematics for all unit circuitry.
Related Publication and Documentation Support
Additional information is provided in the TN1Ue Technical Overview and

Reference Manual for system planning and engineering. The user may also find
useful information in Technical Practice and Installation Manuals (TPIMs) for
other TN1Ue units.
Customer inquiries for information contained in this manual should be directed to

TN1Ue Product Line Management. GE Power Management appreciates
notification of any possible errors or omissions contained herein.
Shipped with all purchased TN1Ue nodes is a Node Assignment Drawing (NAD),
which provides necessary configuration details for the units and shelf location.
Channel, TU and TIFport are some of the assignments that are shown on the
NAD.

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Handling and Packing
Equipment with Electrostatic Discharge Sensitive (ESDS) devices or components

must be shipped in protective containers and necessary handling precautions
observed otherwise all warranties, expressed or implied, will be considered null
and void.
The following Electronic Industries Association (EIA) attention label appears on

all GE Power Management EAS schematics and should be attached on all
containers used for ESDS items to alert personnel that the contents requires
special handling.
ATTENTION
OBSERVE PRECAUTIONS
FOR HANDLING HANDLE & ASSEMBLE
ELECTROSTATIC PER 562-48043-01
SENSITIVE
DEVICES
THIS UNIT CONTAINS STATIC SENSITIVE DEVICES

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2. UNIT OVERVIEW
A TN1Ue STM-1 system provides a mechanism to transport various forms of
electronic data over an optical fibre. One application is to provide a bridging
function between two or more Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 LANs that are physically
separate. The 86438-21 Ethernet unit provides a means of performing this
application by acting as an Intelligent Bridge between the LANs, exchanging only
those frames that are not locally addressed.
The 86438-21 Ethernet Unit provides the interface between a LAN and a
TIFport1 on the STM-1 Aggregate or TUG-3 Unit. The TIFport has to be
configured for TU-11 mode of operation.
The TIFport interface provides bandwidth management by selecting 1 to 7

individual TU-1s for Ethernet access. The number of TU-1s assigned to the
Ethernet unit will depend on the expected inter-site Ethernet traffic and the
competing demands from other services (i.e. VF, DTT, 2 Mb/s, etc.) for the
TU-1s. The Ethernet unit can be paralleled (cascaded) with a CMUX unit,
VMapper-10 unit or another Ethernet unit on the same TIFport so that the
utilization of the TIFport can be maximized.
Some of the major features supported by the Ethernet unit are:

- IEEE 802.3 compatible 10Base-T interface for direct attachment to
10Base-T Ethernet LANs.
- IEEE 802.3 compatible AUI interface for attachment to all types of Ethernet
LANs by using an appropriate external MAU device.
- Redundant Intelligent Ethernet Bridging (protection against fibre and
equipment failure).
- Use of 1 to 7 TU-11s for inter-bridge data transport.
- Ability to share the allocated TU-11s between multiple sets of bridged
LANs. Privacy is maintained between the different sets.
- Module configuration parameters maintained in non-volatile memory.
- Support of IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree algorithm.
1 TIF is a TN1Ue Intermediate Format multiplex level. A TIF signal is capable of carrying a
maximum of seven TU-1s (seven TU-11s or seven TU-12s, depending on its mode of operation).
For more information the user is referred to the STM-1 Aggregate Unit Technical Practice and
Installation Manual and TN1Ue Technical Overview and Reference Manual.

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The Ethernet unit is divided into two sub modules; a TIF module and an ETHER
module. The TIF module provides the interface to the STM-1 Aggregate (or
TUG-3) unit and the ETHER module provides the interface to the Ethernet LAN
and is responsible for all aspects of the Ethernet bridging function.
Path Protection
Ring topologies offer the capability for traffic protection through route diversity for
all circuits. If a failure occurs in a STM-1 Aggregate or Ethernet unit, or a fibre is
damaged, traffic will automatically be rerouted to the other way around the ring.
The detailed structure of a pair of Ethernet units in a redundant TN1Ue ring is

shown in Figure 1. It can be seen that an Ethernet drop consists of two STM-1
Aggregate units and two Ethernet units. The STM-1 Aggregate unit provides the
interface to the STM-1 signal whereas the Ethernet unit provides the interface for
the Ethernet LAN.
A special "through" link between STM-1 Aggregate units provides ring

connectivity for all TU-1s not terminated by the Ethernet unit or other TIF level
units attached to the STM-1 Aggregate units.
The BY-PASS link provides ring connectivity for all Ethernet frames received at
this site from the STM-1 ring, but which are not addressed to terminate at this
site.
Spanning Tree
The Ethernet unit is compatible with the Spanning Tree Algorithm as defined by
the IEEE 802.1D standard. When the Spanning Tree feature is enabled (using
TLCI or TNCI software), the Ethernet unit can detect and correctly react to any
externally connected Ethernet bridge which uses the Spanning Tree algorithm.

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STM-1 FIBER PAIR

155.52 Mb/s
TX RX TX RX
LEFT RIGHT
STM-1 STM-1
UNIT UNIT
TU-12/TUG-3
THROUGH-TRAFFIC
P1 P2 P3 P1 P2 P3
TIFport TIFport
(in TU-11 (in TU-11
mode) mode)
STATUS
LEFT RIGHT
BY-PASS
86438 86438
(ETHERNET
ETHERNET ETHERNET
THROUGH-TRAFFIC)
BRIDGING BRIDGING
UNIT UNIT
LOCAL ETHERNET
Figure 1: Ethernet Unit Drop
Note: Each Ethernet unit requires an independent connection to the local

Ethernet LAN.

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3. FRONT PANEL FEATURES
LED Indications
LED indications are provided for each assigned TU-11.

1
2 ON (Green – On)
3 Indicates a normal condition of the received TU-11
4 signal.
5
ON (Green – Off)
6
Indicates an abnormal condition of the received TU-11
7 signal or the TU-11 is not assigned.
ON YEL ALM
YEL (Yellow)
ACK A steady YELLOW LED indicates that abnormal
condition of the transmitted TU-11 signal as received
at the far end. This is "TU-11 Path Yellow".
C.I.
Flashing YEL and ALM LEDs indicate a loss of clock
from the STM-1 Aggregate unit's TIFport.
86438-21
ETHERNET UNIT ALM (Red)
A steady red ALM LED indicates an abnormal
Figure 2: Front condition on the received TU-11 signal.
Panel Layout A flashing red ALM LED indicates an Ethernet LAN
alarm condition. These LAN alarms are listed in
Section 6 under Ethernet Alarms. Absence of shelf
clock from an associated STM-1 Aggregate unit will
produce flashing RED and YELLOW LEDs.
Push-button (ACK)
The first use of the push-button is a LED and microprocessor test. If the
Ethernet unit is operating normally, holding the front panel pushbutton down
causes all the LEDs to light. The main use for this test is to determine that the
front panel LEDs are functional and that the microprocessor firmware code is
running normally (microprocessor is not locked up).
Note: The microprocessor test does not cause any disruption in traffic.

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The second use of the push-button is to put the unit into a "sleep state". This
state is enabled when the Ethernet unit is inserted in the shelf with the ACK
button pressed. In this condition, the micro ignores all settings on the unit until
the TLCI software is run. On establishing the TLCI connection with the unit, the
TLCI will automatically clear the TIFport slot settings at which point the user can
configure the unit to the desired settings. If the unit is inserted with the ACK
button pressed and then removed (without establishing TLCI connection to the
unit) and inserted normally, all previous settings will remain.
Note: Inserting the unit into the shelf without ACK button pressed may cause a
traffic disruption in an in-service system.
Craft Interface (C.I.) Jack
The Craft Interface allows a user to connect a PC computer serial (COM) port to
the unit. The CI is an RJ-11 connector, which transmits and receives a 9600 b/s
RS-232 signal. The supplied DOS-based TLCI (TN1U Local Craft Interface)
software allows the user to configure the unit and monitor its status through the
CI port.

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4. UNIT DESCRIPTION
The reader can refer to Figure 3 for reference to signal paths and data flows.
The following descriptions are for the Ethernet unit only. For information on
operation of STM-1 Aggregate units, the reader is referred to the STM-1
Aggregate Unit TPIM.
The user should refer to EAS-86438-21 for complete circuit schematics of all
signals. Block diagrams have been included in this section for reference
purposes.
For a ring system, there are two Ethernet units, one for the Left STM-1
Aggregate unit and one for the Right STM-1 Aggregate unit. As explained
earlier, the Ethernet unit has two main assembly boards; a TIF module and an
ETHER module. The following describes each module independently and with
respect to data flow in one unit of the pair. The data flow for the companion unit
is identical.
TIF Module
The STM-1 Aggregate unit TIFport supplies a data stream of 7 TU-11s with a
total bandwidth of 12.96 Mb/s. The TIF module must be configured to process
from one to seven TU-11s depending on the Ethernet traffic. The user assigns
the TU-11s through the TLCI software. The module ensures that byte
synchronization and bit ordering is maintained in the active Ethernet transport
channel.
The ETHER module supplies a data stream at the rate requested by the TIF
module. This data comprises either an idle code or packets of inter-bridged
Ethernet data. The TIF module then passes this data from the ETHER module
to the STM-1 Aggregate unit for transport onto the fiber ring.

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Envelope Routing
All information carried by the TIF transport layer is carried in TIF envelopes
formed by the ETHER module. Each LAN frame is encapsulated in a TIF
envelope. The envelope also contains all information for delineation of envelope
boundaries, identification, routing and error checking. The TIF transport layer
carries and routes TIF envelopes from the source site to the destination site(s)
within the available bandwidth on the SDH TN1Ue ring. The bandwidth available
for the TIF envelopes = 1.6 Mb/s for each TU-11 assigned (i.e. 1.6 Mb/s to 11.2
Mb/s). This means that when all 7 TU-11s are assigned there is sufficient
bandwidth to carry wire-speed Ethernet traffic and the overhead present within
the TIF envelope structure.
At each site, the ETHER module examines all TIF envelopes present on the
TN1Ue ring. If the envelope is destined for the receiving Ethernet unit, it is
accepted and removed from the ring. If the envelope has come all the way
around the ring, back to the site where it was originated, it is removed from the
ring. If the envelope is destined for a different site, it is bypassed to the
companion Ethernet unit so that it can be inserted back onto the ring. Each
envelope has a "Life" field which is used to ensure that an envelope cannot
circulate around the ring forever.
ETHER Module
This section describes the ETHER module from an external perspective. As

already mentioned and explained, the TIF module provides the data path
between the ETHER module and a STM-1 Aggregate Unit's TIFport. The
physical interface between the TIF module and the ETHER module comprises
data, clock and control signals to send and receive the 12.96 Mb/s data stream
from the STM-1 Aggregate unit.
With reference to Figure 3, all signals to/from the ETHER module except for the
Designer's Test Terminal (DTT) port, connect to the TIF module.

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Ethernet Frame ETHERNET

Processing DROP PORT
BYPASS
BYPASS TRANSMIT
RECEIVE
TIF PORT
TIF PORT TIF Port 1.6 to TIF Port SERIAL OUT
SERIAL IN Receive 11.2 Mb/s Transmit
12.96 Mb/s 12.96 Mb/s
Ethernet
Frame
Buffer
Main Control and

Bridging
Processing
STATUS RCV STATUS XMT
Communication
DTT RCV DTT XMT
Processing
TIF MODULE TIF MODULE
MICRO-RCV MICRO-XMT
ETHER MODULE
DA TA
CONTROL
Figure 3: ETHER Module Block Diagram

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SITE 1 SITE 2 SITE 3

STM-1 STM 1 STM-1 STM-1 STM-1 STM-1
L R L R L R
ETHER ETHER ETHER ETHER ETHER ETHER
LAN LAN LAN
SITE 5 SITE 4
STM-1 STM-1 STM-1 STM-1
R L R L
ETHER ETHER ETHER ETHER
LAN LAN
Figure 4: Five-Site LAN Network

For a fully functional five site LAN as shown in Figure 4, traffic from Site 3 to
Sites 4 and 5 is bridged from the right, while traffic from Site 3 to Sites 1 or 2 is
bridged from the left. Table 1 indicates the bridging for all sites on the ring.
Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Site 4 Site 5

R L
R L
L R
L R
R L
R L
L R
R L
R L
R L
Table 1: Bridging of Five-Site LAN Network
Note: When a machine connected to a LAN is moved from one site to another,
communication between the moved machine, and any other machine at other
sites will be disrupted until the various Ethernet units around the ring "forget" the
moved machine's old site, and then learn its new site. This disruption may last
for approximately 24 minutes. If a machine is left unconnected from any
Ethernet unit bridged LAN for greater than approximately 24 minutes, no further
disruption will be incurred when the machine is finally connected to the LAN at
any site. The reader may refer to the MAC Address Management section for
more information.

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TIF Port Receive
With reference to Figure 3, the TIF Port Receive block accepts the 12.96 Mb/s
serial data stream from the TIF module. It reads and locates the header to
determine the routing of the incoming frames, either to the BYPASS port or to
the receive FIFO to be processed locally. Envelopes with an errored header are
not forwarded to the BYPASS port. A more detailed explanation follows.
Frames are processed by the TIF Port Receive block as follows:
1) The TIF Port Receive module receives the data stream from the TIF module.
The module extracts the TIF envelopes from the received signal.
2) Upon examination of each envelope, the ETHER module classifies it as one

of three possible types and takes the following action:
• Any envelopes that did not originate from the local Ethernet Unit drop port
and whose destination is not on the attached local LAN are classified as
BYPASS envelopes. These envelopes are passed to the companion
Ethernet Unit via the BYPASS path. The companion Ethernet Unit will
place the envelope back onto the fiber ring.
• Any envelopes that did originate from the local Ethernet Unit drop port or
that have an expired "Life" field are absorbed. They are neither sent out
the BYPASS path nor they are sent out to the local Ethernet LAN. This
prevents envelopes from continuously circulating around the ring.
• Any envelopes that did not originate from the local Ethernet Unit drop port
and whose destination is on the attached LAN are sent to the Received
Envelope FIFO. The Main Bridging Processor is notified when a complete
frame is in the FIFO. The FIFOs are capable of holding a complete frame
of the longest possible length. The frame is then transferred from the
FIFO to the Ethernet Frame Buffer by the processor. The Ethernet Frame
Processing block has an Integrated Local Area Communications
Controller (PC net32) which provides the interface between the processor
and the Ethernet ports.

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TIF Port Transmit
The TIF Port Transmit block accepts BYPASS or local LAN frames and sends
them out the TIF Port. The Main Control Processor examines all Ethernet
frames on the local LAN. The processor determines if the frame is targeted for a
site on the local LAN or to a remote LAN. If the frame is targeted for a machine
on the local LAN, the processor takes no action on the frame. If the frame has a
"broadcast" destination address, or the frame is targeted for a machine on a
remote LAN and this Ethernet unit is designated for bridging with the Ethernet
unit attached to the remote LAN, the envelope is written into the local transmit
FIFO.
An Ethernet unit is designated for bridging with a remote site if its path to the site
requires fewer hops through intermediate Ethernet units than does its companion
Ethernet unit's path to the same remote site. It is also designated if its
companion is unable to reach the remote site. The designation status is
determined automatically and adjusted dynamically as fault conditions or ring
topology is changed. This bridging status for the network example in Figure 4 is
shown in Table 1.
Any BYPASS frames received from the companion Ethernet unit have a higher
priority than the frames originating from the local LAN, thus the frames from the
local LAN wait until transmit bandwidth is available. Once bandwidth is available
for the local frame, it is sent out on the TIFport to the STM-1 Aggregate unit
which places the frame in the STM-1 signal.
Communication Processing
The STATUS path is used to carry status and control information between an
ETHER module and its companion. Should a failure occur on a module or signal
path, its companion ETHER module will detect the failure using information on
the STATUS path and automatically become the designated unit for all sites
which the companion can not reach.
A Designer's Test Terminal (DTT) port provides an asynchronous serial port to

the ETHER module. This port is used by factory personnel only.
An ETHERNET port provides a bi-directional communications link between the

processor on the ETHER module to the processor on the TIF module.

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Bridging Requirements
The ETHER module provides the means of establishing logical sets of bridged
LANs. This allows LANs within the same set, on the same fiber ring to be
bridged while preventing bridging between LANs that are not in the same set.
This set identification parameter is stored on the ETHER module as LAN ID and
must be set by the user. All LANs that are to be bridged together must be
assigned the same LAN ID. Bridging is prevented between LANs which have
different LAN IDs.
The user must also enter an ETHER SITE ID for each ETHER drop. Each pair
of Ethernet units at any drop site on the network must be programmed with a
unique ETHER SITE ID. Both Ethernet units at any site must have the same
LAN ID and SITE ID.
The ETHER module dynamically determines the location of all the sites on the
ring, and determines the "home" site of all MAC address. No user intervention is
required to establish connectivity between the sites. This is explained in more
detail in the next section.
To support the Spanning Tree Applications, each Ethernet unit is assigned a
MAC address. This assignment is carried out at the factory.
MAC Address Management

An Ethernet unit receives Ethernet frames from the locally attached LAN, some
of which must be bridged to a remote site. Conversely, an Ethernet unit receives
Ethernet frames from the TN1Ue ring, some of which must be delivered to the
locally attached LAN.
Each Ethernet frame contains a source and destination MAC address,
corresponding to the unique Ethernet identifier of the machine generating the
frame, and the machine to which the frame is being sent. Ethernet units are not
provided with an explicit mapping of which machines (MAC addresses) are
located at which TN1Ue sites. Instead, the Ethernet unit learns the identity of
sites and those MAC addresses that originate from the local LAN at each
specific TN1Ue site. An Ethernet unit will also accommodate dynamic changes
in the assignment of MAC addresses to sites, as machines are likely to be
moved from time to time.
When an Ethernet frame is received from the local LAN, the frame's source and
destination addresses are looked up in a "hash table". Depending on the
addresses, the frame is either sent to the remote site, ignored or discarded
(explained earlier in TIF Port Transmit and Receive).

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TO STM-1 AGGREGATE OR TUG-3 UNIT TIFPORT

TO SHELF SYNC CLOCK DATA DATA
POWER BUS IN IN OUT IN
A8 A7 A6 A5 A1 A2 A4 A3
+5V
TEMP. T1 T4 T2 T3
SENSOR Y1
U2
9 16 14 15
C.I. U1 U6 U7 SYNC CLOCK DATA

MICRO LATCH U11 RX TX RX TX RX TX
U3 ROM XC 4006 FPGA
68HC11 5 82 4 83 3 84
D1...D21
U8 RIBBON CABLE
RAM
P2 5 11 6 10 7 9
ACK
U2 U10
MICRO XC 4010-5 FPGA
XC 68349 FT
MEMORY U3 & U5 U4
CIRCUIT XMT FIFO RCV FIFO
U1
INTERGRATED LOCAL AREA
COMMUNICATION CONTROLLER (ILACC)
86438-02
SUBBOARD 14 13 11 10 8 7 5 4 2 1 J4
T6 T5
PE6891 +12V PE65723
ETHERNET
86438-21 ASSEMBLY J1 C16 C15 C14 C11 B1 C10 C9 C8 C7 C6 C5
86448-71
J10 4 3 2 1 13 10 3 9 2 12 5 J12
PADDLEBOARD
RXD N
RXD P
DO N
TXD P
DO P
TXD N
+12V
DI P
DI N
CI N
CI P
RJ45
DB15 AUI PORT
10BASE-T PORT
GE Power Management
NOTE: 1) REFER TO EAS-86438-21 FOR COMPLETE SCHEMATIC. BLOCK DIAGRAM

2) ONLY CUSTOMER CONNECTION FOR ETHERNET ETHERNET UNIT
UNIT IS SHOWN.
86438-21
Figure 5: Ethernet Unit Block Diagram

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5. INSTALLATION
The following section provides information for installing an 86438 Ethernet unit.
The Ethernet unit is shipped from the factory configured as per the Node
Assignment Drawing for the purchased system. All spare units or loose units are
shipped with factory default settings in memory.
CAUTION
The 86438 Ethernet unit has ESDS components and therefore standard
static protection precautions should be observed when handling, packing
or shipping the unit.
Preinstallation
Visually check the unit for damage. Ensure that screws are firmly tightened and
in place. Keep the shipping containers and packing materials for future use. If a
unit is damaged, file a claim with the shipping agent or local GE Power
Management representative.
Linear Network
At a terminal node (end node) in a linear (unprotected) network, one Ethernet

unit and one paddleboard are required to provide Ethernet interface to the
TN1Ue node.
At an add/drop node (intermediate node), two Ethernet units are required and
these units must be installed in adjacent shelf slot positions. One paddleboard is
required for the two Ethernet units.
Ring Network
In a ring network, two Ethernet units and one paddleboard are required at every
Ethernet drop site in order to provide redundancy in case of single unit or ring
failure. A pair of Ethernet units must be installed in adjacent shelf slot positions.

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Shelf Position
At a ring node or at an add/drop (intermediate) node in a linear network, a pair of

Ethernet units can be installed in slots 2-3, 4-5, 6-7, 8-9 and 10-11 of an
86430-21 Common Equipment Shelf and slots 2-3, 4-5, 6-7, 9-10, 11-12, and
13-14 of an 86430-22 Expansion Shelf. They share a common paddleboard
(two shelf slots wide) which is installed in the same slots on the rear side of the
backplane.
At a terminal (end) node in a linear network, an Ethernet unit is installed along

with a blank unit. They can be installed in slots 2-3, 4-5, 6-7, 8-9, and 10-11 of
an 86430-21 Common Equipment Shelf and slots 2-3, 4-5, 6-7, 9-10, 11-12, and
13-14 of an 86430-22 Expansion Shelf. They share a common paddleboard
(two shelf slots wide) which is installed in the same slots but on the rear side of
the backplane. The exact position of the Ethernet unit with respect to the
paddleboard (Left of Right) depends on which STM-1 Aggregate (or TUG-3) unit
the Ethernet unit is connected to.
A (pair of) Ethernet unit(s) is connected to an STM-1 Aggregate (or TUG-3) unit's
TIFport either alone, or cascaded with another (pair of) Ethernet, VMapper-10 or
CMUX unit(s). The cascaded (pairs of) units are installed in adjacent pairs of
slots on the same shelf. The cascaded units are configured for different TIFport
slots (e.g. first unit in the cascade is configured to use TIFport slots 1,2,3 while
the second one is configured to use TIFport slots 4,5,6,7).
Figure 6 shows a typical rack layout for a ring-configured system as it appears on

a NAD.

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FIBRE TO: SITE B FIBRE TO: SITE C
C L RING: 1 R
CBUS-S (PAIR 1) TU#4x: SITE H Bus L/R slot TU MODE CH 1
AGG. NODE: 1 AGG.
S L 1 4x STD
CH 3 CH 2 CH 1 CH 1 R R 2 13x STD
SYNC MODE
Q - 3 14x SHR
P - - - - NORMAL, LEFT
BC96 TX: 0023 BC96 RX: 0032
PAIR 1
48 V LS L R 48 V
TIFPORT 1
PWR DATA 4W DTT TX DTT RX CMUX CMUX BLANK O/W STM-1 SERV STM-1 PWR
CBUS-R (PAIR 1) TU#13x: SITE G E1 L/R slot TU E1 L/R slot TU

slot 1 TO 7
S R 5 10x S L 1 1x
CH 1 CH 2 CH 14 CH 9-13 CH 6 R L 6 11x R R 2 2x
TU 15x TO 21x
BC96 CH 8 CH 20 Q R 7 12x Q R 3 5x
TX: 0158 P - - - P L 4 6x
RX: 0815 BC96 TX: 0041 PAIR 2
PAIR 4 PAIR 3
BC96 RX: 0014
48 V CONTACT NX64 G703 L R L R L R 48 V
TIFPORT 3 TIFPORT 3 TIFPORT 2
PWR I/O CDR HCB DATA DATA BLANK E1 E1 E1 E1 ETHER ETHER PWR
CBUS-Q (PAIR 1) TU#14x

CH 1 CH 2 CH 3
R R L
SITE C
SITE H
SITE B
48 V 48 V
PWR 2W FXS 2W TO 4W BLANK BLANK BLANK BLANK BLANK BLANK BLANK BLANK BLANK BLANK PWR
TRANSMIT RECEIVE
CCT1 CCT2 CCT3 CCT4 CCT1 CCT2 CCT3 CCT4
86429-M2 DTT TEST PANEL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Figure 6: Typical Rack Layout
Installation
Before installing the Ethernet unit in the shelf, verify that 087-86430-90 CBUS
jumper is not installed underneath nor on either side of the Ethernet unit
paddleboard.
Linear Network
At a terminal node in a linear network, the Ethernet unit is connected to an
STM-1 Aggregate (or TUG-3) unit's TIFport. If an Ethernet unit is connected to

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the left STM-1 Aggregate (or TUG-3) unit's TIFport, the shelf slot to the right of
the Ethernet unit (looking at the front of the shelf) must be unequipped.
Similarly, if an Ethernet unit is connected to the right STM-1 Aggregate (or
TUG-3) unit's TIFport, the shelf slot to the left of the Ethernet unit must be
unequipped. The paddleboard must cover both the equipped and unequipped
shelf slot positions (the paddleboard is two shelf slots wide). Refer to the section
Shelf Position for proper selection of shelf slots.
At an add/drop (intermediate) node, the left Ethernet unit is connected to the left
STM-1 Aggregate (or TUG-3) unit’s TIFport while the right Ethernet unit is
connected to the right STM-1 Aggregate (or TUG-3) unit’s TIFport. Both
Ethernet units must be connected to the same TIFport #. The two Ethernet units
are inserted in adjacent slots in the shelf. The paddleboard must cover the shelf
slot positions where a pair of Ethernet units is inserted. Refer to the section
Shelf Position for proper selection of shelf slots.
Ring Network
At a ring node, the left Ethernet unit is connected to the left STM-1 Aggregate (or
TUG-3) unit’s TIFport while the right Ethernet unit is connected to the right
STM-1 Aggregate (or TUG-3) unit’s TIFport. Both Ethernet units must be
connected to the same TIFport #. The two Ethernet units are inserted in
adjacent slots in the shelf. The paddleboard must cover the shelf slot positions
where a pair of Ethernet units is inserted. Refer to the section Shelf Position for
proper selection of shelf slots.
Power Requirements
Power for the 86438 Ethernet unit is supplied from the shelf; therefore, no
external power supply is required. If a MAU device is used, it is supplied through
the AUI port with 12 V and up to 500 mA by the Ethernet unit's TIF module.
The Ethernet unit can be inserted and removed from the shelf with shelf power
applied; however, certain precautions should be taken before inserting or
removing the unit from a system in service. Refer to the sections Replacing an
Ethernet Unit in a System in Service and Adding Ethernet Unit(s) in a System in
Service before taking any action.

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Paddleboard Connections
The 86438-72 Ethernet Paddleboard Assembly (two shelf slot positions wide)
provides 10Base-T (RJ-45) and Attachment Unit Interface (AUI) ports for both
left and right Ethernet units (Figure 7). Normally, either 10Base-T or AUI
interfaces are used.
Note: With a proper MAU device, AUI port can support any 10Mb/s Ethernet
LAN (10Base-2, 10Base-5, 10Base-T).
At a ring node, each of the two Ethernet units sharing the same paddleboard
must be independently connected to the local LAN using the respective AUI or
10Base-T port on the paddleboard. This ensures a completely redundant path to
the LAN.
At an intermediate node in a linear network, each of the two Ethernet units

sharing the same paddleboard are independently connected to the local LAN if it
is required to support bridging of local traffic to both sides of the linear network.
Otherwise, only the Ethernet unit which position (left or right) corresponds to the
direction that the local traffic is bridged to is connected to the local LAN.
Note: If only one connection is made, the user should select OFF for the LAN
IDLE PROBE (through TLCI software) on the Ethernet unit that is not connected.
This will ensure that a LAN alarm is not raised by the Ethernet unit. The user
must remember to select ON once the connection is made. Refer to the
Configuration section for more information on the unit configuration options.
The Paddleboard Assembly consists of bottom paddleboard, top paddleboard

and EMC cover. The Paddleboard Assembly is considered one part (86438-72)
even though it comprises three sub-assemblies.
Note: The EMC cover must be installed to prevent excessive electromagnetic

emissions.
WARNING
For correct operation, the CBUS Jumper 028-86430-90 must not be
installed underneath nor on either side of the Ethernet unit paddleboard.

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AUI
Top (Right)
Paddleboard 10Base-T
(Right)
AUI
(Left)
Bottom 10Base-T
Paddleboard (Left)
(a)
(b)
(c)
Figure 7: Ethernet Unit Paddleboard:

3-D View without EMC Cover; (b) 3-D View with EMC Cover;
(c) 2-D View of EMC Cover
Paddleboard Installation
1. Separate bottom and top paddleboards. Do not detach EMC cover from top
paddleboard.
2. Insert bottom paddleboard into designated slot position ensuring that rear
connectors are fully mated. Ensure correct orientation of bottom paddleboard
prior to insertion.
3. Secure bottom paddleboard in position using fixing screws provided.

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4. Insert top paddleboard (with attached EMC Cover) onto bottom paddleboard
ensuring that connector pins are correctly aligned and fully mated. Ensure
correct orientation of top paddleboard prior to insertion.
5. Secure top paddleboard and EMC Cover in position using integral retaining
screws accessible through upper and lower apertures on EMC Cover.
Replacing an Ethernet Unit in a System in Service
Removing an Ethernet unit

1. Use the TLCI program to display the unit configuration. Write down the
settings in all configurable fields so that the replacement unit can later be
configured the same.
Note: If another Ethernet unit shares the same paddleboard with the Ethernet
unit being replaced, this step may be omitted as the user can always refer to
the companion unit to find out proper configuration settings.
2. Use the red tab on the face plate of the unit to ease the unit from the TN1Ue
shelf.
Inserting a replacement Ethernet unit
WARNING
Inserting the Ethernet unit into a working position without ACK button
pressed may cause traffic disruption in an in-service system!
WARNING
Do not use the red tab to force the unit into the shelf as this could result
in damage to the red tab.
1. With the ACK button pressed, gently insert the Ethernet unit into the shelf by
pressing the front panel. (Ensure the red tab is not preventing the unit from
insertion.) Note that the Ethernet unit inserted with ACK button pressed is in
the "sleep state" and any earlier programming on this unit is disabled at this
point.
2. Use the TLCI program to program the unit parameters in the same way as
they were programmed on the replaced unit. Do not program the Slot
Assignment fields until you have properly programmed all other unit
parameters.

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Adding Ethernet Unit(s) in a System in Service
Adding Ethernet unit(s) on an unused TIFport

035-86400-23 (45 cm) or
035-86400-01 (120 cm)
R L
AUI
PORTS
10 Base T
MS ISS
86438-72
ETHERNET
TIFPORT SLOTS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 2 8 14
TU-1 Assignment Table
TIF 2 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 (same for Left and Right
PORT STM-1 Units)
3
Figure 8: Example of TU-1s dropped on an unused TIFport

(ring application)
In the above example TU-1#15,16,17,18,19,20,21 are to be dropped on TIFport

#2 on both left and right STM-1 Aggregate units and are terminated on a pair of
Ethernet units.
1. Run TLCI and plug into the STM-1 Aggregate unit (or TUG-3 unit, if
applicable).
2. Locate an unused TIFport and program it for TU-11 mode of operation.
3. Assign TU-1s to slots on the selected TIFport in ascending order (TU-1#15 to
slot 1, TU-1#16 to slot 2, etc.) Refer to the TPIMs for STM-1 Aggregate and
TUG-3 units for more information on their configuration.
4. Repeat Step 1 to 3 for the companion STM-1 Aggregate (or TUG-3) unit
(applicable at ring nodes and add/drop nodes in linear networks).

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5. Install the Ethernet unit paddleboard on the shelf backplane in one of the slot
pairs listed before in this section (refer to Shelf Position and Paddleboard
Installation). Ensure that the CBUS Jumper (087-86430-90) is not installed in
the backplane underneath nor on either side of the paddleboard.
6. Establish TIFport cable connections from the left and right STM-1/TUG-3 unit
TIFport (for TIFport#2 these are female DB9 connectors J22 and J24 on the
Common Equipment Shelf backplane) to the upper and lower DB9
connectors above the Ethernet unit paddleboard respectively (see Figure 8).
(For more information on the shelf connectors and cabling refer to the TN1Ue
Equipment Shelf TPIM.)
Note: At a terminal (end) node in a linear network, only one (upper or lower)
DB9 connector is connected to the STM-1 Aggregate (or TUG-3) unit's
respective TIFport depending on whether the Ethernet unit is to be inserted to
the left or right paddleboard position.
WARNING
7. Insert (a pair of) Ethernet unit(s) into the shelf by pressing the front panel.
(Ensure the red tab is not preventing the unit from insertion.)
8. Using TLCI, configure the (first) Ethernet unit (assign the slot numbers, set
Ether Site ID, LAN ID, etc.). Verify that the correct TU-1 numbers are
displayed for the assigned slots. The user is referred to Section 6 for more
information on the unit configuration options.
9. At a ring node or an intermediate node in a linear network, repeat the
previous step for the companion Ethernet unit (the unit sharing the same
paddleboard). Both Ethernet units must be configured identically.
Adding Ethernet unit(s) on a TIFport not fully utilized
The Ethernet unit could be installed on the same TIFport that is used by a
VMapper-10, CMUX or another Ethernet unit (provided that not all 7 slots are
used on the TIFport). The cascaded units are installed in adjacent shelf slot
positions. A 4-inch (10.5 cm) 035-86400-02 cable is used to interconnect the
cascaded units (Figure 9).

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035-86400-23 (45 cm) or

035-86400-01 (120 cm)
R L R L
AUI AUI
PORTS PORTS
10 Base T 10 Base T
MS ISS MS ISS
86438-72 86438-72
ETHERNET ETHERNET
TIFPORT SLOTS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 1 6 19 21 4 9 13 035-86400-02 (10.5 cm)
TIF TU-1 Assignment Table (used for cascading only)
2
PORT (same for Left and Right
3 STM-1 Units)
Figure 9: Example of TU-1s dropped on a TIFport not fully utilized

(ring application)
In the above example TU-1#1,6,19,21 are already being dropped on the

TIFport#1 and terminated on a pair of Ethernet units (pair 1). TU-1 #4,9,13 are
dropped on the same TIFport and terminated on another pair of Ethernet units
(pair 2).
1. Run TLCI and plug into the STM-1 Aggregate unit (or TUG-3 unit, if
applicable).
2. For each new TU-1 to be dropped pick an unused slot on an STM-1
Aggregate (or TUG-3) unit's TIFport.
3. Assign TU-1s to these slots in ascending order (TU-1#4 to slot 5, TU-1#9 to
slot 6, TU-1#13 to slot 7). Refer to the TPIMs for STM-1 Aggregate and
TUG-3 units for more information on their configuration.
4. Repeat Step 1 to 3 for the companion STM-1 Aggregate (or TUG-3) unit
(applicable at ring nodes and add/drop nodes in linear networks).

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5. Install the Ethernet unit paddleboard in the shelf slots adjacent to the
paddleboard of the (pair of) cascaded unit(s) (see Figure 9; refer to Shelf
Position and Paddleboard Installation). Ensure that the CBUS Jumper (087-
86430-90) is not installed in the backplane underneath nor on either side of
the paddleboard.
6. Establish TIFport cable connection between the upper female DB9
connectors located below the cascaded unit paddleboards using cable 087-
86400-02 (see Figure 9). Similarly, using another cable of the same type
interconnect the lower female DB9 connectors underneath the two
paddleboards. (For more information on the shelf connectors and cabling
refer to the TN1Ue Equipment Shelf TPIM.)
Note: At a terminal (end) node in a linear network, only one (upper or lower)
of the two DB9 connectors below the cascaded unit paddleboards are
interconnected (depending on whether the Ethernet unit is to be inserted to
the left or right paddleboard position).
WARNING
Inserting the Ethernet unit into a working position without ACK button
pressed may cause disruption of the existing traffic!
WARNING
7. Insert (a pair of) Ethernet unit(s) into the shelf by pressing the front panel.
(Ensure the red tab is not preventing the unit from insertion.) Note, if the
units are being added to a system already in service, insert them with ACK
button pressed. (When inserted with ACK button pressed, the Ethernet unit
is in the "sleep state"; any earlier programming on this Ethernet unit is
disabled at this point).
8. Using TLCI configure the (first) Ethernet unit (assign the slot numbers, set
Ether Site ID, LAN ID, etc.). Verify that the correct TU-1 numbers are
displayed for the assigned slots. The user is referred to Section 6 for more
information on the unit configuration options.
9. At a ring node or an intermediate node in a linear network, repeat the
previous step for the companion Ethernet unit (the unit sharing the same
paddleboard). Both Ethernet units must be configured identically.

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Tying Ethernet Traffic
Ethernet traffic may be passed from one ring/linear TN1Ue network to another
using an Ethernet hub at a tie site (Figure 10).
Ether Ether Ether Ether

(R) (L) (R) (L)

(R) (L) (R) (L)
Ether STM-1 STM-1 Ether Ether STM-1 STM-1 Ether

(L) (L) (R) (R) (L) (L) (R) (R)
Ether STM-1 STM-1 Ether Ether STM-1 STM-1 Ether

(R) (R) (L) (L) (R) (R) (L) (L)
HUB
(L) (R) (L) (R)
Ether Ether Ether Ether

(L) (R) (L) (R)
Figure 10: Tying Ethernet Traffic

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6. CONFIGURATION
To configure the 86438-21 Ethernet unit, connect a PC running the supplied

TN1U Local Craft Interface (TLCI) software to the CI jack on the front of the unit.
An 84910-05 RJ-11 cable and an 84910-06 (9-pin adapter) or 84910-07 (25-pin
adapter) or equivalent are required.
The software displays programmable fields, information about the unit and the
unit status. The unit will be shipped with the programmable fields set as per the
Node Assignment Drawing for the purchased system.
The Ethernet unit does not have any hardware adjustable options. All
configurations are performed through the supplied TLCI software.
TLCI SCREEN INFORMATION
CAUTION
For proper Ethernet unit operation, the TIFport on the STM-1 Aggregate (or
TUG-3) unit that the Ethernet unit is connected to must be configured for
TU-11 mode of operation.
Main TLCI Screen Data
The user should refer to Figure 11. An explanation of each field and their
function follows.
SLOT #
There are seven available TIFport slots and they are numbered from 1
to 7. Each slot can be either assigned or turned off (-). These
assignments should be made in accordance to the NAD. Once the
slot has been assigned, the TU# that is assigned to that slot in the
STM-1 Aggregate (or TUG-3) unit is displayed (in the adjacent field)
and is not adjustable here.
The TIFport ID# in the bottom right corner of the screen displays which
of the three TIFports the Ethernet unit is connected to.
When equipped in pairs, both Ethernet units must be configured the

same.

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Figure 11: Ethernet Unit Main TLCI Screen
Function
Description
Key
F1 On-Line Help − provides definition and explanation of some of
the fields used in this screen.
F3 Used to enter the configuration mode. The first programmable
field is highlighted. The up and down arrow keys may be used
to go through different fields. F5 is used to edit the fields. The
left and right arrow keys may be used to display different
options.
F7 Displays the unit serial number, MAC address and firmware
version.
F8 Displays the Ethernet Alarms Screen.
F9 Displays the TU-11 Information Screen (see Maintenance and
Troubleshooting section).
Table 2: Function Keys in Main TLCI Screen
TU # (Not adjustable)
Displays the TU-11 that is assigned in the STM-1 Aggregate (or
TUG-3) unit to the corresponding TIFport slot.

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STATUS (Not Adjustable)

An "OK" indicates normal operation.
XMT TEST
This is a built in test feature allowing the user to test the integrity of
each TU-11 by sending a predetermined pattern in its C-11 bytes
between nodes. When the test is enabled at the near-end Ethernet
unit, the pattern should be received at the far-end Ethernet unit.
Patterns '11' through '77' (hexadecimal) are used for slots 1, 2,… 7
respectively. When the test for a slot is enabled, all 100 outgoing
C-11 bytes of the TU-11 assigned to this slot are carrying the same
pattern.
Note: This test disrupts the unit's outgoing traffic regardless of the
number of TU-11s being concurrently tested.
RCV TEST (Not Adjustable)

Displays the far-end transmitted TU-11 test pattern. The pattern
may be observed using the F9 "Show TU-11" screen.
LOCAL BER (Not Adjustable)

Displays the current VC-11 Path BER rate. Uses the BIP-2 bits in
V5 byte.
BER THRESHOLD
VC-11 Path BER threshold setting. An alarm condition is reported
if the threshold setting is exceeded.
FAR-END BER (Not Adjustable)

Displays the current BER rate of the remote Ethernet unit. Uses
the REI (former FEBE) bit in V5 byte.
YELLOW (Not Adjustable)

Indicates the detection of a yellow path alarm (bad TU-11 signal
received at the far end). This is also reflected on the respective
yellow LED on the unit's face plate.
Unit Monitoring
TIFport ID # (Not Adjustable)

Displays which of the three available TIFports the unit is connected
to.

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TIFport CLOCK (Not Adjustable)

Indicates received clock from STM-1 Aggregate (or TUG-3) unit.
TEMPERATURE (Not Adjustable)

Displays current temperature of the Ethernet unit.
LAN ALARM (Not Adjustable)

Indicates that there is a LAN alarm. The user should select F8 to
determine cause of alarm.
Address Data
ETHER SITE ID
Both Ethernet units at a node must have the same Ether Site ID.
No two nodes should have the same number. Range is 1 to 230.
LAN ID
All Ethernet units in the system using the same TU-11s should
have the same LAN ID if in the same set of connected LANs.
Bridging is only allowed between LANs that are in the same set.
Multiple LAN IDs may be used to establish multiple sets of LANs.
Bridging will occur between LANs which are members of the same
set, but will not be allowed between LANs which are members of
different sets. Range is 1 to 15.
RACK NUMBER (use is optional)

Identifies rack or cabinet in which the unit is located. This
information may be utilized on the NMS (Network Management
System).
RACK MOUNT POSITION (use is optional)

Identifies location of shelf in which the unit is located. This
information may be utilized on the NMS.
SHELF SLOT POSITION (use is optional)

Identifies slot position within the shelf (1 through 15) in which the
unit is located. This information may be utilized on the NMS.

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"F8" Ethernet Alarm Screen
The F8 key in the Ethernet Unit Main TLCI Screen selects the Ethernet Alarm,
Frame Counters and Configuration Screen (Figure 12). An explanation of each
of its fields and their function follows.
Figure 12: <F8> Ethernet Alarm Screen
Function
Description
Key
F3 Used to enter the configuration mode. The first programmable
field is highlighted. The up and down arrow keys may be used
to go through different fields. F5 is used to edit the fields. The
left and right arrow keys may be used to display different
options.
F6 Displays he unit's Ethernet frame counter readings
F7 Zeroes local Ethernet frame counters
F10 Return to the Main Screen.
Table 3: Function Keys in <F8> Ethernet Alarm Screen

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Ethernet Alarms
Output to LAN (Not Adjustable)

This alarm indicates that attempts by the LAN Controller to transmit
onto the LAN are not completing as expected. Verify correct
attachment to the local LAN.
Input from LAN (Not Adjustable)

This alarm indicates that attempts by the LAN Controller to receive
from the LAN are not completing as expected. Verify correct
attachment to the local LAN. Check if other equipment attached to
the LAN is faulty.
MAU INTERFACE UNIT (Not Adjustable)

If the AUI interface is in use then this alarm indicates a Signal
Quality Error (SQE). The SQE feature of attached transceivers
must be enabled for correct operation with the Ethernet unit. If the
10Base-T port has been configured and is in use, then this alarm
indicates the 10Base-T "link beat" signal is not being received.
Verify correct 10Base-T LAN attachment.
COMPANION LINK (Not Adjustable)

This alarm indicates that this Ethernet unit is not receiving correct
messages from the companion Ethernet unit. It does not
necessarily indicate a problem at the unit displaying the alarm. The
problem may be at the companion unit or it may be a faulty serial
link (paddleboard) between the two units. The paddleboard
provides the physical communication link connection.
COMPANION CONFIGURATION (Not Adjustable)

This alarm indicates that the two Ethernet units have different
configuration. Use TLCI or TNCI to fix.
SITE ID UNIQUE (Not Adjustable)

This alarm indicates that this Ethernet unit detects another site on
the ring with the same ETHER SITE ID. (All sites on the same
logical LAN must have different ETHER SITE ID numbers).

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LAN Configuration
GROUP TYPE
May be either RING or LINEAR and is dependent on system
configuration. If RING is selected then the status of the companion
Ethernet unit is monitored. If the companion unit is not capable of
bridging, the corresponding alarm is displayed in BRIDGING
STATUS field.
BRIDGING STATUS (Not Adjustable)

The BRIDGING STATUS will display ALARM when the unit is not
capable of bridging, REDUNDANT when both Ethernet units are
healthy and STANDALONE when the companion unit is not
capable of bridging. There are several reasons why a unit may not
be capable of bridging, including incorrect configuration, incorrect
attachment to the local LAN, faulty operation or failed SDH
interface (STM-1 Aggregate or TUG-3 unit).
LAN PORT SELECT

Selects which port on the paddleboard is used for LAN connection.
May be either AUI, 10Base-T or AUTO which automatically senses
the active interface. If AUTO is selected, and a LAN connection is
made to both the AUI and 10Base-T ports, the 10Base-T port will
be selected if it is receiving valid "link beat" pulses. The IN USE
field displays the current active port.
LAN IDLE PROBE

It is recommended that LAN IDLE PROBE be turned ON. This will
allow the Ethernet unit to verify that the connection to the local LAN
is functional even when there is no traffic being sent or received
to/from the local LAN. When LAN IDLE PROBE is ON, and there
is no traffic present on the LAN for approximately one minute, the
Ethernet unit will transmit a special "probe" frame. Probe frames
have an intentionally bad CRC to prevent their receipt by other
equipment attached to the LAN.
FARTHEST SITE ID (Not Adjustable)

Indicates the ETHER SITE ID of the farthest site visible on the ring.
In a ring system under normal conditions, this number will be the
same as the ETHER SITE ID for this unit and indicates that it can
"hear" all the way around the ring back to its companion. If the ring
is "broken", it will indicate the farthest site reachable before the
break.

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MAX # HOPS (Not Adjustable)

Indicates the distance (in number of hops) to the farthest site
visible on the ring.
LAN UTILIZATION (Not Adjustable)

Displays the percent utilization of the Ethernet LAN. The utilization
calculation is the ratio of the total number of bytes sent and
received divided by the theoretical throughput of 10 Mb/s. Under
normal conditions the LAN utilization value will range from 0 to 50
percent.
Ethernet Frame Counters
OUTPUT TO LAN (Not Adjustable)

A count of all Ethernet frames which the Ethernet unit has
attempted to transmit to the local LAN. This includes Probe frames
as well as bridged Ethernet frames which have been transmitted to
the LAN. OUTPUT OVERFLOW is a count of Ethernet frames
which the unit attempted to transmit onto the LAN and failed. LAN
conditions which can cause LAN transmit failures and hence
OVERFLOWS are:
- too many collisions;
- loss of carrier as reported by the LAN controller;
- late collision.
INPUT FROM LAN (Not Adjustable)

A count of all Ethernet frames received from the local LAN. INPUT
OVERFLOW is a count of Ethernet XMT FIFO overflows which
occurred causing frames from the LAN to be discarded. These
frames do not appear in the INPUT FROM LAN count. INPUT BAD
is a count of Ethernet frames received from the local LAN with an
incorrect CRC32. These frames are discarded and do appear in
the INPUT FROM LAN count. OVERFLOWS may occur if frames
are received faster from the LAN than they are able to be bridged
to the TIFport.

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TIF TRANSMIT (Not Adjustable)

A count of TIF envelopes transmitted by the ETHER module to the
TIF module. This count includes maintenance envelopes as well
as Ethernet frame envelopes.
TIF RECEIVE (Not Adjustable)

A count of TIF envelopes received by the ETHER module from the
TIF module.
TIF RCV OVERFLOW SEC (Not Adjustable)

A count of seconds during which any TIF RX FIFO overflows
occurred causing envelopes received from the TIF module to be
discarded.
BYPASS TRANSMIT (Not Adjustable)

A count of TIF envelopes transmitted over the bypass port to the
companion Ethernet unit. BYPASS envelopes that are not also
addressed to the local site do not appear in the TIF RECEIVE
counter.
BYPASS OVERFLOW SEC (Not Adjustable)

A count of seconds during which any BYPASS FIFO overflows
occurred causing envelopes received from the companion unit to
be discarded.
MAC ADDRESS OVERFLOW (Not Adjustable)

A count of overflows within the MAC ADDRESS database (causing
database entries to be discarded earlier than normal).
BRIDGE TIF TO LAN (Not Adjustable)

This is a count of actual Ethernet frames that have been bridged to
the local LAN from the TIF module.
BRIDGE LAN TO TIF (Not Adjustable)

This is a count of actual Ethernet frames that have been bridged
from the local LAN to the TIF module. This count is typically less
than the INPUT FROM LAN counter because not all frames
received from the LAN need to necessarily be bridged to another
site.

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CRC8 ERRORED SEC (Not Adjustable)

The Ethernet unit encapsulates each Ethernet frame in an
envelope with a header for routing. On receiving an envelope the
Ethernet unit performs a CRC8 check on the header. For each
second in which an incorrect CRC8 is received the CRC8 Errored
second counter is incremented.
If there were at least three CRC8 errored seconds within the
previous four seconds, then a Bridging Alarm is triggered and the
CRC8 ERRORED SEC field is highlighted.
SPANNING TREE
This field, which is only shown when Spanning Tree is enabled,
displays the current Spanning Tree activity status. The possible
values displayed are:
"–" The Ethernet Spanning Tree software is enabled
but no external Spanning Tree bridge is connected.
"ACTIVE" An external bridge is sending Spanning Tree
frames.
"CHANGED" A topology change has been detected by either the
Ethernet unit or by an external Spanning Tree
bridge. The Ethernet units are flushing their routing
tables.
Spanning Tree is enabled/disabled by selecting ON/OFF within the
F3 Configure selection for Spanning Tree.
MAC ADDRESS (Not Adjustable)

The Ethernet MAC Address shown in the "F7" About Unit TLCI
Screen is used as the source address for all Spanning Tree frames
sent from this unit.
The MAC address is a unique 48-bit value assigned to each
Ethernet transceiver.
CAUTION
Both left and right Ethernet units sharing the same paddleboard must be
programmed identically.

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7. MAINTENANCE and TROUBLESHOOTING
F1 Help
The "F1" key is a useful tool for explaining the capabilities and options of both
programmable fields and display fields of the unit. The user selects "F1" from
the TLCI screen and then chooses the topic he/she wishes information on.
Configuration
The 86438 Ethernet unit must be correctly configured as per the Node
Assignment Drawing. All software adjustable fields are detailed in the
Configuration Section of this manual. The user must ensure that all external
connections to the paddleboard are correct.
TU-11 Screen
Figure 13 is the TLCI screen that is displayed when the "F9" key is selected from
the Ethernet Unit Main TLCI screen.
The SHOW TU-11 screen is a maintenance tool which allows the viewer to
inspect the content of the received TU-11 for each assigned TIFport slot. The
screen displays a 108-byte TU-11 multiframe in 3 blocks with each block
consisting of 9 rows and 4 columns. The bytes in the first, second, third and
fourth column of each block belong to the first, second, third and fourth frame of
the TU-11 multiframe respectively. Note that the displayed information is not a
real time data as a TU-11 multiframe is captured once in a few seconds.
The first 4 frames (columns) in row #1 consist of bytes V1, V2, V3 and V4. The
V1 byte has a fixed value and should always be ‘6C'. Byte V2 is the TU-11
pointer byte which determines the location of byte V5 which in turn is displayed
on the screen as the only 'flashing' byte. V5 is part of the VC-11 path overhead
and denotes the beginning of the 104-byte VC-11. VC-11 comprises 100-byte C-
11 and 4 bytes allocated for V5, J2, N2 and K4.

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Figure 13: "F9" Show TU-11 Screen
The location of the V5 byte can vary from screen to screen (depending on the
present TU-11 pointer value carried in the byte V2). This location, as denoted by
the flashing byte, can also be calculated by converting the value of byte V2 from
hexadecimal to its decimal equivalent and overlaying this value with the TU-11
Display Mask supplied in Table 3.
During normal operating conditions the V5 byte value will always end with '2'.
Should the Ethernet unit indicate a yellow path alarm, the V5 byte value will end
with '3'.
Table 3 shows all the offset positions of the V5 byte in decimal, from V2, as
displayed by the TLCI Show TU-11 command.

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Block 1 Block 2 Block 3

Frame Frame Frame
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
Row #1 V1 V2 V3 V4 78 0 26 52 79 1 27 53
Row #2 80 2 28 54 81 3 29 55 82 4 30 56
Row #3 83 5 31 57 84 6 32 58 85 7 33 59
Row #4 86 8 34 60 87 9 35 61 88 10 36 62
Row #5 89 11 37 63 90 12 38 64 91 13 39 65
Row #6 92 14 40 66 93 15 41 67 94 16 42 68
Row #7 95 17 43 69 96 18 44 70 97 19 45 71
Row #8 98 20 46 72 99 21 47 73 100 22 48 74
Row #9 101 23 49 75 102 24 50 76 103 25 51 77
Table 4: Offset Positions of V5 from V2
TU-11 Path Testing
A built in test and monitoring capability allows for the insertion of a "TEST-TU"
into all of the outgoing TU-11s. This sets the 100 data bytes (C-11) in each
TU-11 multiframe to one value ('11' for slot #1, '22' for slot #2,... '77' for slot #7).
By monitoring the incoming TU-11 at the remote site, a validity of the TU-11 path
can be confirmed. This end-to-end TU-11 path testing checks the entire TU-11
path integrity and is performed through the supplied TLCI or optional TNCI
software.
Replacing Ethernet Unit
Refer to the procedure Replacing an Ethernet unit in a System in Service in the

Installation section.
Troubleshooting
If an 86411-21 Ethernet unit is suspected of being defective, substitute it for a

known-good 86411-21 unit and if the unit functions properly return the original to
GE Power Management for repair or replacement. Ensure that the substitute
unit is configured correctly. For unit replacement procedure, refer to the
procedure Replacing a VMapper-10 Unit in a System in Service in the Installation
section.
The following table is intended to provide the user with possible solutions to
problems that may be encountered during normal unit operation.

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Symptom Probable Cause / Solution

No transmission in - Ensure the STM-1 Aggregate units and TUG-3 units (if applicable) are
either transmit or not in alarm.
receive direction - Ensure that the TU-11 Paths are correct. TEST-TU feature can be
used to verify this.
- Ensure that Add and Drop configuration is correct per the NAD.
- Ensure that the proper TIFports on the STM-1/TUG-3 units are
physically connected to the TIFports (female DB9 shelf
connectors) above the Ethernet unit paddleboard.
- Ensure that proper TU-1s are dropped on proper slots on
STM-1/TUG-3 units' TIFports.
- Ensure that local and remote unit configuration is correct.
- Verify that both left and right Ethernet units sharing the same
paddleboard are configured the same.
- Verify that both Ethernet units sharing the same paddleboard are
configured the same
- Verify that the ETHER SITE ID is unique for all sites within the same
network (ring or linear system).
- Verify that both Ethernet units are connected to the LAN.
ALM LED steady on - The received TU-11 is abnormal. Check the respective Status field in
the unit Main TLCI Screen. Select the F9 key on the TLCI display,
select the corresponding TIFport slot, and verify correct V1, V2, and V5
byte as explained in "TU-11 Information Screen" section. If the V1 byte
is not ‘6C’, it indicates wrong configuration. If all VC-11 bytes are ‘FF’
(including V5 byte), check the far-end Ethernet unit is in place and
configured correctly. If BER is excessive, clean the relevant optical
connectors.
- Use TEST-TU feature to check end-to-end path integrity.
All ALM LEDs - Verify local LAN connection (this will be normal when no LAN
flashing connection is made and the probe is turned ON). If LAN connection is
correct then it may indicate a LAN alarm. Use TLCI (F8 screen) to
determine source of LAN alarm.
- Verify that ETHER SITE ID and LAN ID parameters are configured the
same in both companion units (units sharing the same paddleboard).
- Verify that a TEST-TU is not received from the far-end Ethernet unit.
YEL LED steady on - Indicates that the far-end Ethernet unit is receiving an abnormal TU-11
signal. The respective far-end unit's ALM LED is steady on.
YEL and ALM LEDs - Indicates loss of clock from STM-1 Aggregate (or TUG-3) unit. Check
flashing TIFport cabling. Check microprocessor by pressing ACK button.
All LEDs flashing - Indicates that the TIFport is not configured for TU-11 mode of
randomly operation. Configure it for TU-11 mode.
All LEDs OFF (in - The respective TIFport slot is not assigned (in Ethernet unit)
one row)
Table 5: Troubleshooting Table

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8. SPECIFICATIONS
Physical
The Ethernet unit is housed in either TN1Ue shelf (Common or Expansion) and
occupies a single shelf slot with the following dimensions:
1) Height: 89 mm (3.5 inches)
2) Width: 29 mm (1.135 inches)
3) Depth: 203 mm (8 inches)
4) Weight: 284 grams (9 oz)
Connector Type: AUI port or RJ45 10Base-T for each

Ethernet unit. Each unit requires
connection to the LAN.
Electrical
The input power requirements for the Ethernet unit is:
1) Voltage: 5.2 VDC ±5%
2) Current: 500 mA @ +5 VDC
3) Power Consumption: 2.5 W (Average)
Power consumption does not include external MAU device.

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Environmental
1) Temperature:
Guaranteed Performance: -10 to +60°C (+14 to +140°F)
Storage: -40 to +70°C (-40 to +158°F)
2) Relative Humidity: 5 to 95% @ 40ºC, non-condensing, 10 days
3) Shipping Altitude: 15,000 meters (50,000 feet)
Mechanical
1) Vibration: per MIL-STD 810E and

Bellcore TR-NWT-000063 (GR-63-CORE)
2) Bench Handling: per TS 1-00446.06,

IEC 68-2-27 and IEC 68-2-55
EMC
Meets the following specifications:

ETSI EN 300386-2
CENELEC EN 50082-2
ANSI/IEEE C37.90.1
Safety
Meets IEC 60950:1991 including amendments A1, A2, A3 and A4.
Reliability
The calculated Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) as per Bell technical
advisory TR-NWT-000332 for the Ethernet unit is:
MTBF = 68,300 Hours (7.8 Years)

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Ethernet
1) The Ethernet unit's AUI and 10Base-T ports comply with IEEE specification
802.3.
2) The Ethernet is compatible with both the conventional Ethernet frame format
as originally defined by DEC™, Intel™ and Xerox™ and the frame format
defined in IEEE 802.3.
3) The Ethernet bridge operates at the Ethernet MAC layer, and is therefore
transparent to whichever protocols are in use above the MAC layer.
Bridging Performance
Ethernet units are capable of "wire speed" bridging for Ethernet frames of length
256 bytes or greater. Even for the shortest possible length frames (64 bytes),
Ethernet units are capable of bridging more than 5000 frames per second.
The TN1Ue system does introduce some additional latency between when a
frame is generated by the source machine, and when that frame is delivered by
the bridge to the destination machine. This additional latency is approximately 1
millisecond (not including fibre propagation delay) per Ethernet site that the
frame must pass through between the source and destination LANs. (This is
based on maximum length frames and 7 TU-11s assigned for all Ethernet units.
This latency is reduced by shorter frames and increased by fewer TU-11s.)
This additional latency can reduce the throughput between a pair of machines if
the machines are using a protocol which requires the sender to wait for an
acknowledgment from the recipient after each frame is sent before the sender
will transmit the next frame (Stop and Wait protocol). Certain protocols, such as
TCP/IP are designed to accommodate latency well by using a "sliding window" to
allow several frames to be sent before requiring that the acknowledgment for the
first be received.

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9. ORDERING INFORMATION
This section covers the ordering information for a single 86438 Ethernet unit and
is not intended to replace standard engineering documentation or drawings.
Please contact the Account Manager for your area regarding ordering the 86438
Ethernet unit.
Equipment and Option Code List
Equipment Option Code Description

Provides the interface between one
STM-1 Aggregate (or TUG-3) unit's
TIFport and a 10Base Ethernet LAN.
Capable of providing 1.5 to 10 Mb/s inter-
86438 -21 bridge channel. Supports external
Spanning Tree bridges. Two required at
a ring node or ADM node. Must be used
with 86438-72 paddleboard assembly.
Paddleboard Assembly. One required

86438 -72 for a pair of 86438-21 units at a ring or
ADM node.
Table 6: Equipment and Option Code Table

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APPENDIX A
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
List of Figures
FIGURE DESCRIPTION PAGE
Figure 1: Ethernet Unit Drop...........................................................................9

Figure 2: Front Panel Layout ........................................................................10
Figure 3: ETHER Module Block Diagram .....................................................14
Figure 4: Five-Site LAN Network ..................................................................15
Figure 5: Ethernet Unit Block Diagram .........................................................19
Figure 6: Typical Rack Layout ......................................................................22
Figure 7: Ethernet Unit Paddleboard: ...........................................................25
Figure 8: Example of TU-1s dropped on an unused TIFport ........................27
Figure 9: Example of TU-1s dropped on a TIFport not fully utilized .............29
Figure 10: Tying Ethernet Traffic ..................................................................31
Figure 11: Ethernet Unit Main TLCI Screen..................................................33
Figure 12: <F8> Ethernet Alarm Screen.......................................................36
Figure 13: "F9" Show TU-11 Screen ............................................................43
List of Tables
TABLE DESCRIPTION PAGE
Table 1: Bridging of Five-Site LAN Network .................................................15

Table 2: Function Keys in Main TLCI Screen ...............................................33
Table 3: Function Keys in <F8> Ethernet Alarm Screen ..............................36
Table 4: Offset Positions of V5 from V2 .......................................................44
Table 5: Troubleshooting Table....................................................................45
Table 6: Equipment and Option Code Table ................................................49

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APPENDIX B
LIST OF ACRONYMS
• ADM Add/Drop Multiplexer

• ANSI American National Standards Institute
• AUI Attachment Unit Interface
• BER Bit Error Rate
• BIP Bit Interleaved Parity
• C Container
• CENELEC Comite Européen De Normalisation Electrotechnique
(European Committee For Electrotechnical Standardization)
• CI Craft Interface
• CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
• DC Direct Current
• E1 Primary Multiplex Signal 2048 kb/s
• EAS Electronic Assembly Schematic
• EIA Electronic Industries Association
• EMC Electromagnetic Compliance
• ESDS Electrostatic Discharge Sensitive
• ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
• FEBE Far End Block Error
• FERF Far End Receive Failure
• FIFO First In First Out
• FPGA Field Programmable Logic Gate Array
• IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
• IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
• ITU-T International Telecommunication Union – Telecommunications
Sector

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APPENDIX B
LIST OF ACRONYMS
(CONTINUED)
• LAN Local Area Network

• LED Light Emitting Diode
• MAC Media Attachment Unit
• MTBF Mean Time Between Failures
• NAD Node Assignment Drawing
• NMS Network Management System
• PC Personal Computer
• POH Path Overhead
• RAM Random Access Memory
• RCV Receive
• REI Remote Error Indication
• ROM Read-Only Memory
• SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
• STM Synchronous Transport Module
• TLCI TN1U Local Craft Interface
• TIF TN1U Intermediate Format
• TNCI TN1U Network Craft Interface
• TPIM Technical Practice and Installation Manual
• TU Tributary Unit
• TUG Tributary Unit Group
• VCXO Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator
• VC Virtual Container
• XMT Transmit

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TN1-

86438 ETHERNET UNIT

Copyright © GE Power Management 2001

Copyright  GE Power Management 2001, All Rights Reserved

2. UNIT OVERVIEW ............................................... 7

3. FRONT PANEL FEATURES ............................. 10

4. UNIT DESCRIPTION ......................................... 12

Copyright  GE Power Management Corporation 2001

7. MAINTENANCE and TROUBLESHOOTING .... 42

Copyright  GE Power Management Corporation 2001

Copyright  GE Power Management Corporation 2001

Engineering documentation includes EAS schematics for all unit circuitry.

Related Publication and Documentation Support

Additional information is provided in the TN1Ue Technical Overview and

Customer inquiries for information contained in this manual should be directed to

Copyright  GE Power Management Corporation 2001

Handling and Packing

Equipment with Electrostatic Discharge Sensitive (ESDS) devices or components

The following Electronic Industries Association (EIA) attention label appears on

Copyright  GE Power Management Corporation 2001

The TIFport interface provides bandwidth management by selecting 1 to 7

Some of the major features supported by the Ethernet unit are:

Copyright  GE Power Management Corporation 2001

The detailed structure of a pair of Ethernet units in a redundant TN1Ue ring is

A special "through" link between STM-1 Aggregate units provides ring

Copyright  GE Power Management Corporation 2001

STM-1 FIBER PAIR

Figure 1: Ethernet Unit Drop

Note: Each Ethernet unit requires an independent connection to the local

Copyright  GE Power Management Corporation 2001

3. FRONT PANEL FEATURES

LED indications are provided for each assigned TU-11.

Copyright  GE Power Management Corporation 2001

Craft Interface (C.I.) Jack

Copyright  GE Power Management Corporation 2001

Copyright  GE Power Management Corporation 2001

This section describes the ETHER module from an external perspective. As

Copyright  GE Power Management Corporation 2001

Ethernet Frame ETHERNET

Main Control and

Figure 3: ETHER Module Block Diagram

Copyright  GE Power Management Corporation 2001

SITE 1 SITE 2 SITE 3

ETHER ETHER ETHER ETHER ETHER ETHER

LAN LAN LAN

ETHER ETHER ETHER ETHER

Figure 4: Five-Site LAN Network

Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Site 4 Site 5

Table 1: Bridging of Five-Site LAN Network

Copyright  GE Power Management Corporation 2001

TIF Port Receive

Frames are processed by the TIF Port Receive block as follows:

2) Upon examination of each envelope, the ETHER module classifies it as one

Copyright  GE Power Management Corporation 2001

TIF Port Transmit

A Designer's Test Terminal (DTT) port provides an asynchronous serial port to

An ETHERNET port provides a bi-directional communications link between the

Copyright  GE Power Management Corporation 2001

MAC Address Management

Copyright  GE Power Management Corporation 2001

TO STM-1 AGGREGATE OR TUG-3 UNIT TIFPORT

C.I. U1 U6 U7 SYNC CLOCK DATA

NOTE: 1) REFER TO EAS-86438-21 FOR COMPLETE SCHEMATIC. BLOCK DIAGRAM