IC Engines/PHO/07 ME-428

IC Engines Lab
Practical Hand Out No. 07

Document Code IC Engines/PHO/07

Responsible Lab
Muhammad Waqas Mustafa
Engineer:

Responsible Faculty
Mr. Roman Kalvin
Member:

Last Updated on: March 19, 2019.

Access Link:

APPROVED BY:

Responsible Faculty Member: Head of Department Mechanical

Sign: Sign:

Date: Date:

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IC Engines/PHO/07 ME-428

LAB REPORT NO.7

Objective:
 To determine the brake horse power (BHP) of IC Engine and observe its variation with
change of speed and construct a graph between BHP and RPM.

Apparatus:
 Engine Test bench model GAE-5-10-HS-AV
 Stop Watch
 Tachometer

Engine Details:
Sailent features of Engine installed on the test bench are as under:
No of Cylinder = 1
Stroke Length = 120 mm
Dia of bore = 90 mm
Radius of Fly Wheel = 239 mm or 0.239 m
Torque Arm Constant = 0.239 m

Introduction:
Aim of this lab is to familiarize the students with BHP, torque and speed curve variation.

Graph 1. RPM vs. BHP and Torque

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IC Engines/PHO/07 ME-428

Indicated Horse Power:

Indicated Horse Power (IHP) is defined as "the power developed in the cylinders of an
engine” as calculated from the average pressure of the working fluid, the piston area, the stroke,
and the number of working strokes per minute. Device used for this purpose is perimeter.

IHP = (Pm* A*L*n*k) / 60 (Watt)

Where, Pm is Indicated mean effective pressure (N/m 2), A is area of piston (m2), L is
stroke length of piston (m), k is number of cylinders, n is N (rpm of driveshaft) and N/2 for 02
and 04 strokes engines respectively.

Brake Horse Power:

Brake Horsepower (BHP) was created to account for these losses and is the actual
measured output of the engine. There are standards in the automotive industry that determine
what accessories must be on the engine when measuring BHP. The "brake" comes in as the
machine used to measure the power is often a brake dynamometer. The BHP can be measure
with no alternator, water pump, or other accessories normally mounted on the front of the engine
along with a free flowing exhaust to maximize the numbers.
BHP < IHP (15% - 30% less than IHP)
BHP = IHP – FHP
BHP = 2πNT / 60 (Watt) or BHP = (BMEP* A*L*n*k) / 60 (Watt)

Where, T is torque (R*F; R is moment arm and F is brake load), BMEP is brake mean
effective pressure (N/m2), A is area of piston (m2), L is stroke length of piston (m), k is number
of cylinders, n is N (rpm of driveshaft) and N/2 for 02 and 04 strokes engines respectively.

An engine produces power by providing a rotating shaft which can exert a given amount
of torque on a load at a given RPM. The amount of torque the engine can exert usually varies
with RPM.

Frictional Horse Power:

The power developed in the combustion chambers of the engine is greater than the
delivered power because of friction and other mechanical losses. Thereby called the  friction
horsepower (FHP).

Frictional Losses /Mechanical Losses:

 Friction between cylinder and piston rings.
 Friction between gears and other transmission components.
 Friction on actuating of valves.

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IC Engines/PHO/07 ME-428

 Power needed to drive fuel pump, lubrication oil pump, alternator, compressor and water
pump.

Experimental Procedure:
1. Setup / couple the dynamometer on the engine flywheel and check it serviceability.
2. Start the engine after checking the following.
 Oil level in the engine.
 Fuel/ Petrol avaialabilty in the Fuel Tank.
3. Warm up engine for 5-7 minutes and maintain the speed.
4. Select the weight from dynamomeetr selector knob so that load can be applied to the
engine.
5. Note down the reading from spring balnace or load cell in term of weight (Kg) and
convert the same into Torque.
6. Now increase the weight gradually on engine.
7. Take atlest three-five readings and observe the variation of N (rpm) with application of
load/ torque.
8. Calculate values of Torque and BHP using following formula:
 T = W*L (Nm)
 BHP = 2πNT / 60 (Watt)

Observation and Calculation:

Table 1 BHP under Speed Variation
Load or Weight T = W*L BHP = 2πNT / 60
Sr. No. N (RPM)
(kg) (Nm) (Watt)
1

A 2

B 2

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IC Engines/PHO/07 ME-428

C 2

Graph:
 Construct a graph between:
o Speed variation vs. BHP.

Assignment / Questionnaire:
 What is difference between turbo-charging and super-charging?

Wah Engineering College, University of Wah, Wah Cantt. 5