Im 1475475193 PDF

ESE-2017 PRELIMS TEST SERIES
Date: 2nd October, 2016
ANSWERS
1. (b) 21. (a) 41. (c) 61. (b) 81. (b) 101. (c)
2. (d) 22. (b) 42. (b) 62. (b) 82. (d) 102. (b)
3. (b) 23. (b) 43. (b) 63. (c) 83. (c) 103. (b)
4. (a) 24. (b) 44. (c) 64. (c) 84. (c) 104. (a)
5. (c) 25. (d) 45. (c) 65. (c) 85. (c) 105. (d)
6. (d) 26. (c) 46. (d) 66. (d) 86. (a) 106. (b)
7. (d) 27. (b) 47. (a) 67. (b) 87. (d) 107. (a)
8. (b) 28. (a) 48. (d) 68. (b) 88. (d) 108. (d)
9. (d) 29. (a) 49. (d) 69. (d) 89. (d) 109. (c)
10. (c) 30. (b) 50. (d) 70. (b) 90. (d) 110. (d)
11. (c) 31. (c) 51. (d) 71. (d) 91. (b) 111. (c)
12. (b) 32. (c) 52. (a) 72. (c) 92. (d) 112. (c)
13. (b) 33. (a) 53. (c) 73. (c) 93. (a) 113. (a)
14. (c) 34. (d) 54. (c) 74. (a) 94. (d) 114. (d)
15. (a) 35. (b) 55. (b) 75. (d) 95. (d) 115. (b)
16. (d) 36. (c) 56. (c) 76. (c) 96. (b) 116. (c)
17. (c) 37. (c) 57. (b) 77. (a) 97. (b) 117. (a)
18. (b) 38. (b) 58. (b) 78. (b) 98. (a) 118. (c)
19. (b) 39. (b) 59. (b) 79. (a) 99. (c) 119. (c)
20. (d) 40. (c) 60. (a) 80. (d) 100. (v) 120. (b)
(2) (Test-1 Solution) 2nd Oct 2016
121. (a) 131. (d) 141. (d) 151. (d) 161. (b) 171. (d)
122. (b) 132. (d) 142. (a) 152. (c) 162. (c) 172. (a)
123. (c) 133. (b) 143. (b) 153. (d) 163. (a) 173. (a)
124. (c) 134. (c) 144. (a) 154. (b) 164. (a) 174. (b)
125. (d) 135. (c) 145. (b) 155. (d) 165. (d) 175. (a)
126. (c) 136. (a) 146. (b) 156. (c) 166. (c) 176. (a)
R
127. (b) 137. (a) 147. (c) 157. (c) 167. (c) 177. (a)
128. (c) 138. (a) 148. (d) 158. (b) 168. (b) 178. (a)
E
129. (b) 139. (d) 149. (c) 159. (c) 169. (d) 179. (c)
T
130. (a) 140. (b) 150. (c) 160. (d) 170. (a) 180. (b)
S
A
M
S
IE
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(Test-1 Solution) 2nd Oct 2016 (3)
1. (b) 4. (a)
Energy dissipated in the resistance Given combination of capacitor is
= Energy stored in capacitor
2 C1 + + + + C2
1 Q0 V
i.e E = V1 – – – – V2
2 C
 Q0 = 2C·E
Total charge q = q1 + q2
= 2  0.5  106  2.5  10 3
= C1V1 + C2V2
= 25  1010
Equivalent capacitance of the combination is,
= 5×10–5 F
= 50 F Ceq = C1 + C2
2. (d) Hence, the voltage across the parallel
Given v = VmSin t combination
R
then, current i = ImSin(t  ) q C1V1  C2 V2
V = C  C C
Vm eq 1 2
and   90
E
where Im =
C 10  5    5  11 105
= 
So, instantaneous power 10  5  15
= 5 volt.
T
P = v.i
=  Vm Sin t  Im Sin(t  90) 5. (c)
Since, voltage across inductance,
= Vm Im Sin t cos t
=
1
2
Vm Im  2Sin t cos t 
S VL (t) =
d
dt
(t)
A
1 d
= Vm Im Sin 2t = L(t).i(t)    LI
2 dt
M
1 Vm d 
 1  e  e 
t t
= Vm Sin 2t =
2 C dt
Vm2 d  t
e  e2t 
= Sin 2 t =
2C dt
3. (b) = e t  2 e2t
S
12 = e t  2e t  1
1T 
2
RMS 
value = T
 0
V dt 

6. (d)
IE
7. (d)
 Vrms =
12 Here, admittance of each branch
 10103 2 
 1  1 
3   t  .dt  Y1 =
1 1
 1
 10  10


0
 10  103  
 R 1
12 1 1
 102  10 4 3 Y2 = jL  j10   j0.1
=  . 10 2  
 3 
1
1 Y3 =  j 0.1
=  0.578V 1 jc 
3
So, Yeq = Y1 + Y2 + Y3 = 1 mho
Since, the voltage waveform is a linear
function,  Voltage across inductance
1 VL = VR = VC = I. Yeq
 Average value Vav =  0.5V
2 = (141 Sin t).1
Vrms 0.578 = 141 Sin t
 Form factor, FF = V  0.5  1.156
av

8.(b) R 1 3 I
I0 = I   Is  s
If the input current is 45° lagging with the R  2R 3 8 8
input voltage, the net reactance of the  Is  8 I0
parallel branches of the circuit must be
11. (c)
 j20  .
Since the battery is rated at 15V and each
Equivalent reactance of parallel branches cell at 3V,
1 15
jL  So, cells connected in series =  5 cells
c
j jL 3

Xeq =  L 1  1  2LC 20
 j  c  Number of parallel paths =  4.
 j  5
L Given, Rating of one paralled path = 15A
So, = –20
1  LC So, total current = 1.5 × 4 = 6A
0.5
R
 Power = V × I
 = –20
1  0.5C
= 15 × 6
41
 C=  2.05F = 90 W
E
20
9.(d) 12. (b)
Mean length of ring = 2 rmean
T
For the series R–L circuit, power factor
angle 1
= 2   ri  r0 
2
1   L  S
 = tan   1
 R  = 2    0.5  0.7 
2
 Where, I is 
= 1.2 meter
A
1  L  I  current flowing 
= tan      Area of croosection 
 R I   through R & L    = 10 × 10–3 × (0.7 – 0.5)
 of ring 
1  VL 
M
= tan  V  = 10 × 10–3 × 0.2

 R
= 2 × 10–3 m2
1  10 
= tan   So, resistance of the ring,
 17.32 
l
1  1  R= P
= tan 
S
 a
 3
= 30° 8 1.2
= 2  10 
2  10 3
IE
So, power factor of the circuit,

= 1.2  105 
Cos  = Cos 30° = 0.866
13. (b)
10. (c)
Given circuit is,
R R I R
– +
5Vs
I0 (I s–I2)
Is R R + I2
R Is Vs 5 1
– 15
Applying current division rule, we get

Applying KVL in loop (1), we get,
R 3 Vs+5Vs–15 I2 = 0
I= I  I
5R s 8 s
R  6 Vs = 15 I2
3
Again applying current division rule we get  6×[5(Is–I2)] = 15 I2  Vs  5(Is – I2 )
 30 Is – 30 I2=15I2

 30 Is = 45 I2 Applying KVL is loop (1), we get

I2 30 2  5VR – 6I – VR – 2 = 0
 =   4VR – 6 I = 2
Is 45 3
14. (c)  4 (I – 3) – 6I = 2  VR  (I  3)
 –2 I = 2 + 12 = 14
Ia
+  I = – 7A
+ I1 P I3  VR = I–3=–7–3 = –10Volt
1
V1=240V In
V3=120V – P3 So, power delivered by controlled source
–
V1=120V P2 P = 5VR × I = 5 × (–10)×(–7)
+ Ib I2
– = 350 W
P1 1200 17. (c)
I1 = V  240  5A
1 Let the initial charge on 80F capacitor is
P2 3600
I2 =   30A Q0.
R
V2 120
1 Q2
P3 6000 6000 Since, Energy E =
I3 = V  V  V  120  50A 2 C
E
3 1 2
Q0 = 2CE
So, Ia = I1 + I3 = 5 + 50 = 55A
= 2  80  106  100  10 3
and Ib = I2 – I3 = 30 – 50 = –20A
T
= 4 × 10–3 C
15. (a)
After connecting with 40F capacitor, the total
Applying KVL in each loop, we get,
V1–Vi– (I1–I2) R1 = 0
 V1–I1Ri–(I1–I2)R1 = 0
S
 Vi  I1 Ri 
charge will remain same ie. 4×10–3C
Equivalent capacitance,
A
Ceq = C1 + C2
 V1–5I1–(I1–I2)15= 0 = 80 + 40
V1 = 20 I1 – 15I2 ...(1) = 120F
M

and, Av i + (R2 + R0) I2 + (I2 – I1) R1 = 0 So, final energy of the system
2
 40×5 I1 + (15+45)I2 + (I2–I1)×15 =0 1 Q0
= 2C
eq
 185 I1 + 75 I2 = 0
2
1  4  10 3 
S
185 I1
 I2 =  = 
75 2 120  106
putting value of I2 in equation (1) we get 1
IE
=  0.066J  66mJ
15
 185 I1 
V1 = 20 I1 – 15 ×   18. (b)
 75 
 V1 = 57 I1 Given circuit is,
V1 V1 1 I2 2 V 2
 input resistance = I  57k
1 I1 1 I3
5A 2 4 2I 1
16. (d)
The given circuit is,
Applying KCL at node (1), we get
3A
6
V1 V1  V2
+ I 5   =0
1 VR 2 1
– +  3V1 – 2V2 = 10 ...(1)
2 (I–3) 1 5VR
+ Now, applying KCL at node (2), we get
–
2V
– V2  V1 V2
  2  I1 = 0
1 4

V2 V  V1  = 12   0.6 2  0.8A

  V2  V1  
4
 2 1 = 0
2  I1  2 
V
 V2  0  1  = CV  0.8
ie.  
So, from equation (1) V1  10 3 volt  C 
V1 10 10 5 0.8 0.8
I1     A,  C = 
2 32 6 3 2f  V 2  50  240
= 10.6F
V1  V2
I2 = 21. (a)
1
10 V 250
= A, Impedance z =   31.25
3 I 8
V Since, P = VI cos 
I3 = 2
4 P 1200
 Cos = 
=0A
R
VI 250  8
19. (b) 1200
=  0.6
2000
Given, v = 75 Sin (t  30) volt
E
 Sin = 1  cos2   0.8
i = 4 Sin (t  60) A Hence, zcos  = R = 31.25×0.6
T
i = 18.75
60° and,  z sin  =   31.25  0.8  25
reference axis
90° 30° S ie. one circuit element is resistance and other
v element may be either inductor  X  j25  
It means current through the load leads the
A
or capacitor  X  – j25   .
voltage by an angle  = 90° ie. load is purely
22. (b)
capacitive
M
75 4 C1 C2
Apparent power S= V I =   150VA
2 2 V1 V2
Active power, P = V I cos   0 Charge stored in capacitance,
cos90  0 Q1  C1V1  10  5  50C
Apparent powerQ = VI sin  and Q2  C2 V2  5  2  10C
S
= 150  sin90 Since, both capacitors are connected in series,

so same current will flow through both
= –150 VAR
IE
capacitances.
Note:- Q is positive for lagging load and, Q is
Hence, the maximum charge that can flow
negative for leading load.
= Min (Q1, Q2)
20. (d)
I = 1A
= Q2
+
Ic IR = 10C
240V C R Corresponding to this charge, voltage of 10C
Qmax 10
V1 =   1V
– C1 10
2
V 2  240  So, safe voltage that can be applied across
Here, R =   400
P 144 the series combination
V 240
So, IR =   0.6A = V1  V2  1  2  3volt.
R 400
Now, I = IC  I R 23. (b)
Given circuit is,
 I = I2  IR 2

I1 I2 210
1 1  iL =  3.5A
60
200–30°  a + Vab – b
25. (d)
j2 –j2
In the figure, by observing the sense of winding
 200  30  on the core, we can say that the magnetic
I1 = 1  j2 flux developed in the winding L1 and L2 will
200  30 oppose each other.
= 1  j2 
5 Hence, Leff = L1 + L2 – 2M
=  40  30  1  j2  26. (c)
 200  30  Given,
I2 = 1  j2
K = 0.8
200   30
= (1  j2) M = 15H
5
R
=  40  30  1  j2  N1 = 200
Applying KVL from a to b, N2 = 300
E
Va + I 1 – I 2 = Vb 12 = 0.9Wb
 Vab = Va – Vb = I2 – I1 Since,
T
=  40 – 30  (1  j2  1  j2) N2 12
Mutual inductance, M =
I1
= 16060 V
N2 12
24. (b)
At t  0  ; V(t) = 50 u(t) = 0; and inductor is

S  I1 =
M
300  0.9
A
=
15
treated as short circuited
= 20 × 0.9
40
= 18 A
M
20
27. (b)
4A
iL Given,
so, iL (0–) I1 = 30A
40
S
= 4 1 = 0.9 Wb
40  20
N1 = 4N2 = 200
160
=
IE
60 K = 0.8
= 2.66A 12
Since, current through inductor can’t change Since, Mutual inductance M = N2
I1
instantly.
K 1
So, iL (0+) = iL (0–) = 2.66A  M = N2 I  12  K1
1
Now, at t   , 0.8  0.9
40
= 50 
30
20 = 1.2 H
50V  4A 28. (a)
iL d iab di
Vab = L1  m cd
Applying KVL in loop we get dt dt
50 – 40 (iL–4) – 20iL = 0 = 8  103  5  100 cos t

 60iL = 210
15  103  5  100 cos t

= 4cos t  7.5cos t volt. Also, Va–10 = Vb

 Va = Vb + 10 = 20 + 10 = 30V
= 11.5 cos t volt.
i.e. Va  30 V
d icd di
Vcd = L2  M ab and, Vb–5 = Vc
dt dt
= 24  103  5  100 cos t  VC = 20 – 5 = 15V
15  10 3  5  100 cos t VC  15 V

= 12 cos t  7.5cos t 32. (c)
= 22.5cos t volt. Given circuit is,
Where   100rad / s. 5 i
29. (a) (i–iL)
Here, the instantaneous v oltage and 1
3
R
instantaneous current are in phase which 4A 1
3i 
indicates that the circuit is in resonance so,
the net impedance z = R.
Current through 5  resistor, i  4A
E
Vm
 R = I Applying KVL is loop (1), we get
m
3i + (i – iL) – 3iL = 0
T
75
=  5  4 i = 4iL
15
 iL  1 A
At resonance, S
1 So, voltage across 3  resistor = iL×3 = 3Volt
20 =
LC 33. (a)
A
1
R
 L = R
02 C
1 r
M
= 2
r
100   400  10 6
B Y
1 B
= Y
4
= 0.25 H Let VRY  VYB  VBR  V
S
30. (b) If all the resistance are present is load

Since the current flowing in the loop is ‘i’, Power, P = 3 VPh·IPh cos 
IE
Hence, V
= 3·V·  cos   1, resistive
3i – 5 = i R
2i = 5 3V 2
 =
R
 i = 2.5A If one of the resistances of the load gets open
So, the voltage across the 5  resistor.. circuited,
Power P = 2 VPh IPh cos 
VL = 5i
V
= 5 × 2.5 = 2V
R
= 12.5 volt 2V 2
=
31. (c) R
From the circuit, we can observe that voltage % reduction in power
at point ‘b’ is 20V P  P 32
=  100   100
Vb  20 V P 3
= 33.33%

34. (d) However, the supply voltage being the vector

sum of the drops VR and VL.
In a power measurement of 3 unbalanced
load, V =  VR C
 VRH   jVL
 W1  VL IL cos (30  )  (200)2 =  50  50 2  VL2

 
 W2  VL IL cos (30  )
VL2 = 2002 – 1002
 W2  W1 
and, tan   3  W  W  VL = 173.21 V
 2 1
173.21 173.21
When,  = 0 ie. Pf is unity XL =   17.23
I 10
 W1 = W2 > 0
This gives the impedance of the choke as
When,  = 60° ie. pf = 0.5 (lag)
 W 1 = 0 but W 2 > 0 Z= R2C  XL2  52  (17.32)2  18 
When,  = 90° ie. pf is zero
37. (c)
R
 W 1 = –0.5 Vl IL
Given voltage source, v = 1+sint
and W 2 = 0.5 VL IL
ie. W 2 = –W 1 or, W 1 + W 2 = 0. 2
E
v
35. (b)
we see that, 0  0,
A. For RL circuit voltage loads current by an 1
 i  10v
T
1  L
angle   tan t
R
B. For RC circuit voltage lags current by an
angle   tan
1 1
RC
S Here, v = the voltage across the non linear
Voltage across the non linear resistor
= v –1×i =v –i
A
C. For a pure capacitive circuit current leads  i = 10 (v – i)
voltage by an angle  2 . i = 10 v – 10 i
M
11i = 10 v
D. For a pure inductive circuit current lags
voltage by an angle  2 . 10
i = v
11
36. (c) = 0.91 (1+sint)
Choke
S
50V 10A 38. (b)

Heater A
IE
200V, 50Hz i1
v  i
 ai1
R
Given : I 10A, VH (drop across heater) = 50V
RC ( Resistance of choke) 5 
Vs = 200V KCL at node A
50 i + ai1 = i1
 RH (Resistance of heater) = 10  5
i = (1 – a) i1
Hence, net resistance of the circuit is,
V
i1 =
R = RH + RC = 5 + 5 = 10  R
39. (b)
VRH (drop across RH) = RH × I = 5× 10 = 50V
I 3 VA I1 V B
VRC = RC × I = 50V 8 I2 4 7.5mA I0=7.5mA
Vs  7 6 6
VRL (drop across XL, the inductive reactance
12
of the choke) = I XL = 10 XL V.

VB =7.5×10–3×6 = 0.045V 1 1
= (1/ jc)  2  j  1
I1 =7.5mA + 7.5mA = 15mA
VA  VB 1
=15 × 10–3 C = j2 
4 2  j2
VA =15×10–3×4+0.045 = 0.105V
1
VA 0.105 C = j2  (2  j2)
I2 =   0.015A  15mA 8
7 7
Since, I is in phase with Vs, so Y will be
I3 =I2 + I1 = 15 + 15 = 30mA
resistive in nature.
VS  VA
=30 ×10–3 1
8  12 So, Im(Y) = 0  2C  0
 VS =20×30×10–3+0.105 4
 VS =0.705V. 1
40. (c)  C = F
8
R
i = 10 cos (5000t – 23.13°) 1
v  I1 = jVs  2 
v = 50 cos (5000t + 30°) 8
E
i lags v by 53.13° 30° Vs Vs
= j  90
the elements are 23.13° 4 4
R and L
T
i Vs V
Vmax 50 2 2 2 = = (2  j2)
=  5  R  (  L) ...(1) 2  j2 8
Imax 10
tan 53.13° =
sin 53.13
L
R
S =
Vs
8
 8  – 45
i.e. I1 leads I2 by (90° + 45° = 135°)

L
A
=
cos 53.13 R
0.8 L 42. (b)
 =
M
0.6 R

4 Current I is the vector sum of inductive
 L = 3 R ...(2)
current IL and capacitive current IC .
Substitute the L from eqn (2) to egn (1) we
i.e. I = IL I C
get;
S
V
4 
2
2
= 20  X
5 = R   R C
3 
IE
 1 
16 = 20  (1090)  j 40  
 100 
 5 = R 1
9 = 20   4180
5 = 2180
 5 = R
3
 R = 3 43. (b)
4
L = 3 R Applying KCL at Junction, we get
30 24 40
4R  5 =  10
L = R 6 4
3
30
4 3   10  5  4 = 1
=  R
3 5000  R = 30
= 0.8mH
44. (c)
41. (c) Y = Y1 + Y 2
The given circuit can be redrawn as.

(By using   Y transformation) = 1 + 0.5e–5t Volt
46. (d)
At t = 0–, capacitor will be open-circuited.
2
VC(0–) = (12 × 6) = 72V = Vc (0 )
I 2 At t = 0+, circuit will reduce to,
24V 2
I
r
3
r r 12A 6 + 72V
–
2 
I
24V
R
2
72
 I =  = –24A
3
2
E
47. (a)
In core type transformer, the windings
T
66 36
where r =   2 surround the considerable part of steel core
6  6  6 18
but in shell type transformer, the steel core
24 surrounds a major part of the windings.
So,
45. (c)
I =
6
 4A
S So, for a given output and voltage rating,
core type transformer requires less iron
A
but more conductor material as compared
At t = 0¯, capacitor will be open circuited. to a shell-type transformer.
So, VC(0–) = 5 × 0.3 = 1.5V
M
48. (d)
 VC (0 ) = VC (0 )  1.5 V

Given X13 = 0.12 pu
At t   , capacitor will be open-circuited, X12 = 0.09 pu
X23 = 0.05 pu
 0.6 
VC () =  5   0.3
S
Hence,
 0.3  0.6   pu reactance of hv winding,
1
0.6 X1 = (X12  X13  X23 )
IE
= 5  0.3 2
0.9
1
= 1V = (0.09  0.012  0.05)
2
0.3  0.6 1
Time constant;  = Req .C = 1 =  0.16 = 0.08 pu
0.3  0.6 2
 pu reactance of mV winding,
0.18
= 1
0.90 1
X2 = (X23  X12  X13 )
2
1
= 0.2 sec. = sec 1
5 = (0.05  0.09  0.12)
2
 Voltage across capacitor,,
1
= (0.02) = 0.01 pu
{Vc(t) = V( )  [V()  V(0)]e  t/ 
} 2
pu reactance of lv winding
= 1 – [1 – 1.5]e–5t

1 V1
X3 = (X13  X23  X12 )
2
1 Iw 60° I'0
= (0.12  0.05  0.09)
2

1 Im
= (0.08) = 0.04 pu
2
51. (d)
49. (d) Eddy current loss per unit volume of the
Given transformer is delta-star, material.
I1 I2 Peddy = Ke f 2 Bmax
2
2
Where, Ke is eddy current loss coefficient
f is frequency of applied voltage
R
Since,  is thickness of lamination.
N1 2Ph Also, Peddy =  2eddy R
E
=
N2 1Ph
V2
150 =
3 R
T
 = 
2 1Ph
V2
1Ph =
2  150 =    l 
 = 100 A S
3  a
So, line current in primary = 100 3 i.e., eddy current loss decreases with increase
in resistivity of the core meterial.
A
= 173.2 A
52. (a)
50. (d)
M
Given, 53. (c)

i0 = 2 sin(628t – 60°) A Excitation current,  e leads flux m by some
time angle which depends upon the hysteresis
V1 = 100 2 sin(628t) V
loop of the core material. This angle is called
S
i.e. no-load current lags the applied voltage “hysteretic angle” represented as ‘  ’.
by 60°. +E1
IE
i.e., 0 = 60° (lagging)

Ie
 Core-loss component current, 
m
2
 w = 0 cos 0 =  cos 60
2 54. (c)
2 1 The tertiary winding in a 3  transformer can
=  = 0.7076
2 2 be used:
and, magnetising current, (i) To supply an additional small load at a
different voltage. Then, tertiary winding is
2
m = 0 sin 0 =  sin 60 called “Auxiliary winding”.
2
(ii) To indicate v oltage in a hV testing
2 3 transformer.
= 
2 2 (iii)To supply phase compensating devices
= such as capacitor required for power factor
1.5 = 1.22 A
correction.

(iv)In star/star transformers, a delta connected Rated current in 100V winding

tertiary winding reduces the zero-phase
sequence impedance and allows adequate 30  103
1 =  300 A
earth fault current to flow for operation of 100
protective device in order to limit the voltage
So, the kVA rating of auto-transformer.
imbalance which may be produced when
the load is unbalanced. = V1  1
= 500 × 300
55. (b)
Due to increase or decrease in loading of = 15000 VA
transformer, oil in the transformer gets heated = 150 kVA
and cooled respectively, which leads to
expansion and contraction of oil. When oil 58. (b)
expands air is expelled out while if it contracts Efficiency of transformer,
air is drawn in from the atmosphere. This is
R
called breathing of transformer. To prevent the (x)(S)  (power factor)
% =  100
moist air entering into tank breather is used. (x  S  power factor)  x 2 Pcu  Pi
Breather contains a dehydrating material like
E
For maximum efficiency,
silica gel crystal which is blue when dry and
becomes whitish pink when damp. x 2 Pcu = Pi
T
Hence,
56. (c)
At maximum efficiency, copper loss is equal x  S  Pf
to core-loss.
2
i.e., x Pcufl = Pi
S %  max =
(x  S  pf )  2x 2 Pcu
0.8  100  0.8

A
 0.98 = (0.8  100  0.8)  2  (0.8)2  P
cu
P2 1080
x = 64
 Pcufl = 1920  0.98 = 64  1.28P
M
cu
3  64  64 
=
= 0.75
4  1.28 Pcu =  
 0.98 
i.e., maximum efficiency will occur at 75% of
 Pcu = 1020 kW
full-load.
= 1020 W
S
 Max. efficiency,,
(x  s  pf ) 59. (b)
max = (xs  pf )  losses
IE
The windings in a shell-type transformer have

greater capability of withstanding forces
(0.75  100  103  0.8)
= produced under short-circuit conditions as
(0.75  100  103  0.8)  2  1080
these windings are surrounded and thus
60000 braced by the core over a large portion of
= = 0.9652 length.
60000  2160
i.e., = 96.52% In shell type of transformer, the windings can
be easily subdivided by using sandwich coils.
57. (b) Hence, by doing this leakage flux can be
reduced and hence leakage reactance can
I'1
– be reduced to any desired value.
100V
+
+ 60. (a)
V1 = 500V
In the auto-transformer, one winding is
600V 600V = V2
eliminated completely, the resistance and
– leakage flux of this winding are zero. Hence,

the voltage regulation of the transformer is 64. (c)

superior as voltage drops in resistance and 
reactance get reduced.  A
Also, the effective per-unit impedance of an Load 1
B
autotransformer is smaller as compared to a
C
2-winding transformer. Hence, the short-circuit
current in an autotransformer will be larger Load 1
than 2-winding transformer.  D
For a given dot in primary winding, the

61. (b) direction of flow of flux is shown in fig.
The autotransformer given in the question can According to Lenz’s law, the direction of
be represented as, current in secondary and tertiary winding are
in such a way that the flux developed would
+
oppose the primary flux. Hence, in secondary
R
and tertiary winding. position of dot will be at
2300 V
‘B’ and ‘C’ respectively.
2070 V
–
E
– 65. (c)
230V
+ Since, applied voltage for this test is equal to
the rated v oltage on the lv side (star
T
i.e., the output voltage = 2300 – 230
connected), hence the test is performed on
= 2070 Volts. the lv side.
62. (b)
The given auto transformer is,
S Per phase applied voltage,
V1 =
415
= 240 V
A
3
I'2
– Per phase excitation current,
200 V Ie = 5A
M
I'1 +
+ Per phase core loss,
V'1 = 2000 V 2000 V V'2 = 1800V Pi =

1200
= 400W
3
– Since,
S
Applying kVL in secondary side, we get V1  e cos 0 = Pi

V2  200  2000 = 0  Core-loss component,
IE
Pi 400 5
 V2  1800 V e cos 0 =  
V1 240 3
so, rating of autotransformer = V2  2 = 2.67
= 1800 × 500  Magnetising current,
= 900kVA
e sin 0 =   e 2   e sin 0 2
63. (c)
2
The magnetising inrush currents have a high 5
= (5)2   
component of even and odd harmonics (about 3
63% of second harmonics and 26.8% of third
harmonics). Harmonic component in short- = 4.71 A
circuit currents of transformer is negligible.
This is the fact used for restraining the 66. (d)
harmonic restraint relay from operation during Since, 300V is a fraction of the rated voltage
initial current inrush. on hV side, it means the test is performed on

hV side. transformers supplies a balanced 3 load

Applied voltage/phase = 300 V (delta side)
operating at a power factor cos , the angle
100  103 between the line voltage and line current in
Rated current on hV side = one transformer is (30  ) and other
3  11000
Rated current per phase on hV side transformer is (30  ) . i.e, power factor of
one transformer is cos(30  ) and other
100  103
=
3  3  11000 transformer is cos(30  ) .
100 Load power factor = 0.866
=  3A
33
i.e., cos = 0.866
1620
Ohmic loss per phase = = 540 W
3    30
R
VSC 300
Now, ZeH = =  100   Power factor of transformer – 1
ISC 3
= cos  30  30  = 0.5
E
PSC 540
and, reH = 2
  60  Power factor of transformer – 2
ISC 9
= cos  30  30  = 1
T
 XeH = Z 2eH  reH
2
69. (d)
= (100)2  (60)2  80 
67. (b)
S The short-circuit test of transformers provides
following parameters:
A
(i) The copper loss at the current under test.
As 200 V (rated voltage) is applied in O.C.,
test, hence the test is conducted on lV side. (ii) Equivalent series resistance and reactance.
Core-loss, Pi = 200 W By using series resistance and reactance, we

M
can find the voltage regulation of transformer.

Since, 50 V is a fraction of the rated voltage
on hV side, hence the test is conducted on
70. (b)
hV side.
The load that can be carried by the open-
Now, rated current on hV side,
delta bank safely is 57.7% of the original load
S
carried by the  -  bank.

20  103
hV =  10 A
2000 Sv  v 1
IE
i.e., S
= = 0.577
Given, ohmic loss of 320 W is due to short- 3
circuit current of 8A.
so, rating of open-delta connection
 Ohmic loss at full-load current of 10A
2
= 0.577 × S
Pcu = 320   10   500 W = 0.577 × (3 × rating of
 8 
individual transformer)
%1/2 = = 0.577 × 3 × 25
 1  20  103  0.8  = 43.275 kVA
 
2   100 71. (d)
2
1 3   1 For 2-winding transformer,
  20  10  0.8      500  200
2   2
V2 N2 300
= 96.1% = 
V1 N1 200
68. (b) 300
 V2 =  100  150 Volt
When an open delta connection of two 200

2 N1 200 74. (a)

and, 1
= N  300 Energy loss in Iron = Iron loss × No. of hours
2
200
of operation
 2 =  30 = 20A = (300 × 24) Wh
300
i.e., VAC = 150V and AB  20A = 7200 Wh
= 7.2 kWh
VAC NAC 30
Now, VBC
= N  10 Energy loss in copper =
BC

10
 VAC 
VBC =
10
 150  50V  Copper loss  No of hours
30 30
 2 
Now, VAC   AB = VBC  Load  1
150 × 20 = 50 × ILoad =  400   4   8  +
 
 Load = 60 A
 400  12  6  +
 
R
72. (c)
 2 
Given, percentage full-load voltage drop in 3
 400     6 
resistance, 4
E
 
 ere2 400
 100 = 1.5 =  158
E2 16
T
= 3950 Wh
 22 re2
  100 = 1.5 = 3.95 kwh

2E2
 22 re2 =
1.5
  2E2
S 75. (d)
100
A
Given, impedance drop = 10%
1.5 Reactance drop = 8%
=  5  103
100
So, the resistance drop
M
= 75 watt
i.e., full – load ohmic loss = 75W
= (0.1)2  (0.08)2  100
= 6%
73. (c)
 2R2  2 X2 
Phasor group of DY5 gives the following Now, % regulation =  V cos   V sin  
S
information,  2 2 
(i) D indicates that hv is connected in delta. × 100
IE
(ii) Y indicates that lv is connected in star. Where, +ve sign for lagging load
(iii) 5 indicates that the lv (i.e., star) line voltage and, –ve sign for leading load
lags the hv (i.e., delta) line voltage by So, for regulation to be zero, the power factor
5 × 30° = 150°. should be leading.
or, hv line voltage (i.e., delta connected) leads 0.06  cos   0.08  sin  = 0
the lv line voltage (i.e., star connected) by
5 × 30° = 150°. 0.06 3
 tan = 
0.08 4
hv (delta)
= 0.75 (leading)
76. (c)
5 × 30° = 150°
77. (a)
(i) If there is no path for harmonic currents,
then magnetising current will be sinusoidal,
lv (star)
the flux wave will be flat topped and the

induced emfs in primary and secondary single phase transformers requires two identical
windings are peaky due to strong third transformers. The primary windings of the two
harmonic emf. transformers are connected in parallel and
(ii) If the transformer is provided a path for supplied at rated voltage. The secondaries are
harmonic currents to flow, then applied connected in series with their polarities in phase
voltage will be sinusoidal, the flux wave opposition.
will be sine wave and the magnetising It gives the following information:
current due to saturation will be peaky due (i) Core losses
to strong third harmonic current.
(ii) Copper losses, and
78. (b) (iii) Maximum temperature rise.
a2 81. (b)
A 2B 1 Efficiency of transformer,
R
30° x  S  pf
% =  x  S  pf   x 2Pcu fl  P2
a1
B2C2
C1 b1
E
× 100
c2
b2 where, x is the fraction of full-loading.
T
A1C2 S is rating of transformer
pf is power factor
PcufL is copper loss at full-load.
So, the connection will be Dy1.
79. (a)
S Pi is iron loss.
We can observe here that efficiency of
A
 2R2 cos    2 X2 sin  transformer depends on the power factor but
% regulation = does not depend on where it is lagging or
V2
leading i.e., efficiency will remain same whether
M
× 100
it is lagging or leading.
Now, rated secondary current,
82. (d)
40  103
2 =  100A
400 Hysteresis loss Ph  B1.6
m f
S
Equivalent resistance of transformer referred

2 2
to secondary and,Eddy current loss, Pe  Bm f
2 From transformer equation,
IE
R 2 eq = 10   400   0.02
 6600  V
i.e., Bm 
= 0.056  f
Equivalent reactance of transformer referred V1 800

here, = 8
to primary, f1 100
2
V2
X2 eq = 25   400  = 0.09 and, =
600
8
 6600  f2 75
 % regulation = so, Bm will be constant.
(100  0.056  0.8)  (100  0.09  0.6) 300 100
× 100  Ph  f  
400 Ph2 75
= 2.47%
 Ph2 = 225 W
80. (d) 2
400  100 
The sumpner’s test or back-to-back test on and Ph2  f 2  P =  
h2  75 

 Pe2 = 225 W 0.022  3  112

=
0.25
83. (c) = 32
84. (c) 86. (a)

Loading on transformer A,
In a split phase motor, the running winding
ZB
SA = Z  Z .SL has v ery low resistance and high
A B inductance. Thus, the current Im is the
0.015 running winding (or main winding) lags the
=  30
0.010  0.15 applied voltage by nearly 90°.
= 18 kVA
I S
18 IM
Percentage of rated capacity =  100
R
20 RM
1– IA
= 90% Supply V
XM
Now, loading on transformer B,
E
ZA
SB = Z  Z  SL RA XA
T
A B
0.010 The auxiliary winding has a high resistance

=  30
0.010  0.015 S and low inductance so that current IA is
= 12 kVA nearly in phase with applied voltage. Thus,
there will be time phase difference between
12
A
the currents in the two windings, which is
 Percentage of rated capacity = 15  100
necessary to start the induction motor.
= 80% 87. (d)
M
85. (c) In capacitor start and run motor, the

capacitive resistance should be large.
Per unit value of resistance on HV side,
Hence, the value of capacitance should be
3  103 small. Usually a oil-filled paper type of
= = 12 × 10–3 capacitor is used.
250  103
S
= 0.012 pu 88. (d)

Per unit value of resistance on LV side,
The magnetic field produced by stator and
IE
2.5  103 rotor of an induction motor rotate in the

= = 10 × 10–3
250  103 air-gap in the same direction at
= 0.010 pu synchronous speed. so, the relative speed
between rotor and stator magnetic field will
So, total equivalent pu resistance
always be zero.
rpu = 0.012 + 0.010
89. (d)
= 0.022 pu
Startingline current with star  delta starter
Now, for delta side base resistance,
Startinglinecurrent withdirect switchingindelta
kV B2 2
3  kV B
 VL 3 
rB = =
(MVA)B / 3 (MVA)B  
Ist Y  ZSC  1
 
r  (MVA)B = 3 Ist   3 .VL  3
Therefore, rpu = 2  
3  kV B  ZSC 
rp  3  (kV)B2 Startinglinecurrent with star  delta starter

r = Also, Startingtorque withdirect switchingindelta
(MVA)B

2 running and hence it is used to improve

 VL 3  1
  0.33 starting torque.
=
 VL 2 3
94. (d)
90. (d) For induction motor The core material of the machine is already
designed for maximum magnetic flux
1 density, Bm.
Maximum torque, Tmax 
X20
Since, V  Bm.f
i.e. maximum torque of induction motor
depends on rotor rectance and does not V
 Bm   
depend on rotor resistance.  f 
91. (b)
 V1   V2 
For the rotation of machine, the rotor poles i.e. f  = f  [As Bm constant]
 1   2 
must be equal to stator poles. Otherwise,
R
motor will oscillate, but fail to rotate.
400 V2
92. (d)  =
60 50
E
Speed of rotor field with respect to stator
structure 400  50
 V2 =  333.33V
T
60
120f1 120  50
=   1500rpm So, the voltage applied should be less than
P 4
333.33 volt.
structure S
Speed of rotor field with respect to stator
95. (d)
A
120f2 120  25 Starting current when the motor is started
=   750rpm
P 4 V
on line Isc  Z
M
In a 3-phase induction motor, rotor speed SC
Nr + speed of rotor field w.r.to rotor Starting current when the motor is started
by means of auto-transformer of ratio x.
= speed of stator field with respect
to stator  xV 
ISt  X x  
S
 Nr + 750 = 1500  Z sc 
Nr = 1500  750
IE
2 V 
= 750 rpm or 2250 rpm. X  
 Zsc 
93. (a) 2
 X Isc
In a 3 –  induction motor, higher rotor Ist

resistance gives a higher starting torque  x
Isc
and lower starting line current at a higher
power factor. Therefore, for good starting
performance, rotor resistnace should be 2.5Ifl

high, and under normal operating condition, 5Ifl
rotor resistance should be low.
1
Sometimes, copper bars are placed deep 
2
in the rotor to obtain high rotor resistance
at starting and low rotor resistance at = 0.707

96. (b), 2
 2Sm  5Sm  2  0
Rotor frequency = Slip × stator frequency
 Sm  0.5
i.e. fr = s  fs
[Since, Sm  2 is not possible]
 Ns  N 
=  N   fs Slip at maximum torque,
 s 
R2 0.04  r
= fs [Since, N=0] Sm = X  0.5  0.12
2
= 50 Hz
r =0.06 – 0.04 = 0.02  / phase
R
97. (b)
Since torque developed  copper loss in 99. (c)
winding.
E
For braking, Speed = Negative
2 2
Ti Ii Ri  Z0  Ri Ns –  –N  N
Hence, T  2    1
T
I0R0  Zi  R0 Slip, s=
0 Ns Ns
S i.e. 1< s <2

2
 2 2
  (0.08)  (0.06)  For motoring, Speed N < Ns
 
A
Ns – N N
Slip, s=  1–
2 Ns Ns
 2 2 
 (0.08)  (0.06) 
   0.06
M
2
i.e. 0< s <1
 2 2  0.08
 (0.06)  (0.08)  For Generating, Speed N > Ns
 
Ns – N N
Slip, s=  1– <0
3 Ns Ns

S
4
i.e. –1 < s < 0
= 0.75
IE
100. (b)
98. (a)
Maximum Torque
for induction motor
3V2 2
T 2 Tmax =
 2ns  2X2
Tmax S S
 max
Smax s
i.e. maximum torque decreases with increase
in rotor leakage reactance only.
At staring, s  1
101. (c)
Tst 2 for 0 3  induction motor :

  0.8
T
So, m 1
 Sm
Sm
1. Absolute speed of stator mmf = Ns

2. Absolute speed of motor mmf = Ns 104. (a) Synchronous speed,
3. Absolute speed of stator = 0 (zero) 120f 120  50

Ns    1500rpm
p 4
4. Absolute speed of rotor = N
Slip at maximum torque,
5. Relative speed between stator mmf and
rotor mmf = zero
Ns  N 1500  1350 150
sm     0.1
6. Relative speed between rotor mmf and Ns 1500 1500
rotor  Ns  N
Since, maximum torque occurs when,
102. (b)
R2
R
Let the synchrous speed = Ns sm 
X2
and, speed of motor = N
E
So, R2  Sm X2
Given, slip with respect to backword field,
T
 0.1 4.2
Ns  (N) NS  N
s 
= 0.42 
Ns Ns
N  (s  1)Ns
S 105. (d)
A

Slip of the induction machines for different
Hence, slip with respect to forward field, modes of operation.
M
Generating 1  s  0
N  N Ns  (s  1)Ns
s'  s 
Ns Ns
Motoring 0  s1
S
 1 s  1 Braking 1 s  2
 2s 106. (b) For 3  induction motor,,

IE
103. (b)
Pair.gap : Pcu : Po/p :: 1: S : (1  s)
Number of poles of rotor is always equal
to the number of poles of stator. Hence,
Given, Po/p  20kw
speed of rotation of mmf produced by rotor
is also equal to the speed of rotation of
stator mmf which is synchronous speed, s  0.04
Ns
1
Here, Syndronous speed, So, Pair  gap   Po/p
(1  s)
120f 120  50
Ns    1500rpm 1
p 4   20
1  0.04

A
1
  20 v
0.96 zsc
B
 20.8 kw C
120f
107. (a) Synchoronous speed Ns  Now, motor is started with star-delta starter.
P
A
120  50 zsc
 v v/3
4
B
 1500 rpm C
R
Ns  N
Slip at full-load, S  Now, Isc Phase  (Isc )Line
E
Ns
(V / 3)

T
1500  1440 Zsc
 S
1500

60
1500
S 
1 V
.
3 zsc
A
1
  200
 0.04 3
M
= 115.47A
Hence, the frequency of rotor current
110. (d)
fr  sfs When a 3-phase winding carrying sinusoidal

current, develops space harmonics of the order
S
 0.04  50 n = 6k  1; where k = 1, 2, 3 .....
The space harmonic waves rotate in the same

IE
 22Hz direction as of fundamental wave if n = 6k  1

108. (d) i.e., n = 7th harmonic and in opposite direction
Rotating magnetic flux produced by three if n = 6k –1 eg. n = 5th harmonic.
phase currents of a blanced supply system
has : Hence, there is dip in Torque-speed
characteristics near (1/7) and (1/5) of the
3 synchronous speed. But the dip near (1/7) of
(i) Magnitude at every instant is m
2 synchronous is more dominant.
(ii) Speed of rotation = Ns 111. (c)
(iii)Direction of rotation is some as the phase
sequence of the supply. 3 induction motor will have stable operation
if it operates on point P and S. Since, increase
109. (c) When the motor is started directly online,
in torque at this point results into decrease in
speed and vice versa.
V
Isc Phase   200A
112. (c)
Zsc
In reluctance motor, torque is produced due to

the saliency of rotor. Due to saliency of rotor where f 2 = sf = rotor frequency

the ratio between maximum torque and
So, torque developed due to eddy current
minimum torque developed is high at low
speed. Hence, this motor has high torque ripple
at low speed. Pe  K e ·f 2B 2 
Te =   s
ss  s 
113. (a)
The rotor of hysteresis motor does not contain ie. Te  (slip)
any winding. The material used for rotor of
118. (c)
hysteresis motor possesses f ollowing
properties: In a (V/f) control of induction motor, for speed
below base speed, V/f is kept constant so that
1. It is made of magnetic material.
the maximum torque remain constant and
2. The material used for rotor should have motor can drive a constant torque.
high hysteresis loss.
R
For speed higher than base speed, voltage
3. High hysteresis loss means the hysteresis needed is more than the rated voltage to keep
loop should be wide and have large area. (V/f) constant. But voltage above rated voltage
E
is not possible, so (V/f) in this speed region is
114. (d) allowed to reduce and motor torque reduces
Since, slip at maximum torque proportional to (V/f)2. In this region of speed
T
control, the motor can drive constant power
R2 R2 load.
Sm  
X2 2f· L2
ie., with increase in frequency slip at maximum

S 119. (c)
The per phase rotor current,
A
torque decreases.
sE 2
Maximum torque remain unaltered with change I2 = r  jsX
2 2
in frequency as.
M
3 V2 E2
Tmax =  = r
s 2X2  2
 jX2
s
S
3 f 2 V02
=   (f ). jX 2 R2 jX 2
2f·ns 2·2f L 2 
I2 r2 1
IE

E2 s

E2 r2   s 
3 s·f2
V02 s 
Torque =  f
2f·ns R
ie. torque increases with increase in frequency. 120. (b)
115. (b) The rotor equivalent circuit is,

116. (c)
117. (a)
r2 X2
Since, eddy-current loss, 1 
E2 r2   1 
s 
Pe = K e f22B2
= K e (sf )2 B2
According to maximum power transfer

= K e s2 f 2B2 ; theorem, the maximum power will be

developed when,
Tmax
 Tfl
= 1.196
1 
r2   1 = r22  X22
s 
123. (c)
Given number is hexadecimal by correcting it
r2 (1  s)
 = r22  X22 into binary code.
s
121. (a) (26)16 = + + + + + + +
Skewing in induction motor: 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0
1. It is used for squirrel cage induction motor.
2. It reduces motor noise and vibration.

0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1
3. It increases the starting torque.
R
3 5
4. It reduces the starting current.
= (35)16
5. It increases the rotor resistance due to
E
But answer is in decimal system. So
increase in length of rotor bars.
converting it into decimal system, we get
122. (b)
T
(35)16 = 3  161  5  160
Synchronous speed, = 48 + 5
S = (53)10
120f 120  50
Ns =  124. (c)
P 24
In a Venn diagram in SOP form
A
= 250 rpm
So, slip at full-load torque, A

M
Ns  N
sfl =
N
AB
250  240 10
=  AB AB
S
250 250
Also, slip at maximum torque,

IE
B
R2
sm = X
2
0.02 2 AB
 sm = 
0.27 27
Tfl 2 A
Now, Tmax
= s s
fl
 m
sm s fl
So from the given Venn diagram the shaded

2 portion is outside A and inside B hence AB

=  1 27   2  is the correct answer.
   25 
 25 2   27 

125. (d) shown below :

VCC
The o/p gate 1 is AB (NAND)
R
o/p of gate 2 is AB (NAND operation getss
A R
cancelled)
B
o/p of gate 3 is AB (NAND operation) R
o/p of gate 4 is C (NAND)
o/p of gate 5 is C = C(NAND) (OR gate) (NOT gate)
o/p gate 6 is ABC = AB  C A (A+B) A  B 

 ECL
B NOR gate
(by demorgan’s law)
The same o/p can be obtained from option 128. (c)
R
(d) i.e. ABC  AB  C In order to solve this problem there is a trick
Hence option (d) is the right option.  16   no.of o plines of 4 ×16 decoder   16 
E
i.e.  41 no.of o p lines of 2  4 decoder  2
126. (c)   4 
The K-map is given in product of sum form = 4+ 1
T
i.e. f  A,B,C   M 1,3,5  = 4 decoders
i.e. the denominator o/p lines will be squared
on f  A,B,C   M  0,2,4,6,7 
Solving in any of the above form, we get
solution
S and added up to the required o/p lines of
numerator.
A
129. (b)
Method that 1 POS form
f1 y
BC 1
f2
M
A 00 01 11 10
In the case of given circuit 1st gate is AND
0 0 0 gate, we know from AND truth table the output
is 1 only when both are 1 i.e. in order to get
1 0
the output of the gate both functions should
have common numbers.
S
Common numbers in the above case are


Y = A C B C   y = m  0,1,2 
IE
= AB  C The second gate is an OR gate and for OR

[From Distribution Law] gate if any one i/p is 1 then o/p is 1 therefore
all the numbers will come as o/p
Method 2 of SOP form
f1 m(0,1,2)
BC f2 1
A 00 01 11 10
2
f3 m(0,1,2,4,5,8)
0 1 1
130. (a)
From the truth table of J-K flip-flop
1 1 1 1
J K Qn1
Y = C  AB 0 0 Qn  Nochange 
0 1 0  Re set 
127. (b)
1 0 1  set 
If we observe the circuit we can see it is
cascading of two gates NOT and OR as 1 1 toggle condition (Qn )

First o/p = 0 A AB
= It can be from 00 (or) 11 B
Second o/p = 0
= No change so input is 00 (or) 01 ABCDE
C CDE
D  AB  CDE
Third o/p = 1 E
= toggle (or) set Bubbled OR = NAND gate
= input an be 1/(or) 10 Hence option C is the correct option.
Hence, verifying from the options we get option 136. (a)
a.
Solving the expression
131. (d)
F = ABD  CD  ACD  ABC  ABCD
In order to find 8’s compliment we have to
find (7’s compliment + 1). = ABD  CD  ACD  ABC 1  D 
R
7777  1 X  1
   3260
= ABD  CD  ACD  ABC
E
7' s complim ent  4517
 1 = ABD  CD 1  A   ABC
 4520 8
T
= ABD  ABC  CD
132. (d) Hence answer is (a).

S
Verifying from the options we get the option D
is right option as we know
137. (a)
w(x + yz) = wx + wyz (distributive law)
XOR gate o/p = 1 when inputs (0, 1) (1,0)
A
138. (a)
XOR gate o/p = 0 when inputs (1,1) (0,0)
• It is undesirable state of the bus of
133. (b) computer.
M
The time period of output waveform = 50 s • When more than one memory mapped
device (or) CPU is attempting to place
= 200 KHz output values onto the bus at once.
Therefore for Mod - 10 counter • Normally IC circuits try to make bus
contention as nil if the chips are operated
S
fi
f0 = input frequency  within the rated set-up times and so forth.
10
• If the buses are driven too fast these setup
IE
fi times may be v iolated leading to

20 K =  200KHz contention.
10
139. (d)
1
Input square wave time period (TT) = Generally the RAM timing permeates
200K
tRC = time taken to a Read cycle
= 5 s tWC = time taken to write cycle. Hence option
D.
134. (c)
140. (b)
1048576 Bytes = 1 M Byte
To have 16 bits we need 16 flip flops
= 2 20  2 3
Each counter = 4 flip-flops
= 223
So 4 cascade counters = 16 flip-flops
No. of address lines = 23
The no. of o/p states (or) modulus = 216
135. (c)
To have modulus of 50000 remove
Verifying from the given circuit diagrams we = 65536 – 50000
get option C as correct answer.

= 15536 states We know that from absorption law

141. (d)  x  xy    x  y 
RAM : Volatile memory
ROM : Permanent (or) Non volatile memory  x  xy    x  y 
PLA : It is RAM chip with both i/p AND o/p Proof :
OR gates programmable
PAL : It is a type of RAM chip where AND
 x  xy    x  x  x  y  [From distribution
gates are programmable. law]
142. (a) = (1) (x + y) ( x  x  1) ,

Drawing the TTL totem pole NAND gate as By Complimentation law
shown below and applying inputs A, B = 0, 0 = (x + y)
VCC Hence proved.
R
So absorption law is used in step (2).
R R
146. (b)
R Q3 ON
From the given circuit diagram
E
D For 0101 o/p Y5 =0. Hence LED 5 will be
B C
E o/p = y
0=A E
C forward biased and glow.
Q2
T
0=B Q1 B For 011 o/p Y3 = 0. Hence LED 3 will be
OFF Q4 C
ON OFF forwards biased and glow.
For 111 there is no valid output hence none
For NAND gate o/p y = 1 for inputs A = 1, B

S of LEDs will glow.
A
= 1. 147. (c) For 1st instruction = Opcode Fetch
In order to have o/p y = 1, Q4 should be in (4T)+
OFF state. This will happen because
M
whenever Q4 ON the base of Q2 is not forward +memory read (3T)

biased hence. Q2 is OFF. =Total 7 T states
When Q2 is OFF Q3 becomes ON as base

2nd instruction =Opcode Fetch (4T)
of Q3 is forward biased as Q3 is ON current
flows through the capacitor C and gets most
=Total 4T states
S
charged to VCC therefore both sides of the

diode have voltage and diode D gets reverse
3rd instruction =10T states if condition
biased and hence Q4 becomes OFF.
IE
is satisfied
143. (b)
Statement I is true because in case of ripple = 7 T states if condition is not satisfied
adder (or) parallel adder there is propagation
delay in carry from one flip-flop to other. Total T-states =7T + 4T×9 + 10T × 8 +7T
Statement II is false because this propagation
delay in carry is reduced by using carry look (Condition not satisfaction at 9th time)
ahead adder.
= 7T + 36 T + 80 T + 7 T
144. (a)
MUX-Serial to parallel conversion = 50 T + 80 T
DEMUX - Parallel to serial conversion
FULL ADDER - 9 NAND gates are used. = 130 T-states
Carry look ahead adder - Reduction in carry 148. (d) (1) FORTRAN is a general purpose,
propagation delay. procedural, imperative programming
145. (b) language that is especially suited to
numeric computation and scientif ic

computing and the language used to drive 152. (c) Compiler : A program that translates
a microprocessor based system is english-like words of a high-level language
assembly language hence statement I is into the machine language of a computer.
false A compiler reads a given program, called
source code, in its entirety and then
(2) The instructions LDA and STA are
translates the program into machine
assembly language instructions hence
language which is called an object code.
statement II is also false
Interpreter :A program that translate
Hence both the statements I and II are
english-like words of a high level language
false
into a machine language of a computer.
149. (c) an interpreter translates one statement at
Step-1: Move immediate data 12 H into register A a time from source code to object code.
Assembler : A computer program that
A  0001 0010
translates an assembly language program
R
Step-2: Move immediate data 24 H into register B from memories to the binary machine code
B  0010 0100 of computer.
Step-3: Add the contents of A and B and store the Hence statement-I and Statement-II are
E
result in accumulator observed Statement-I is false statement-II
is true.
A  00010010
T
B  00100100 153. (d) In the above problem
(+) SUB B is an arithematic instruction. If the
A  00110110 (36)H
Step-4: The data (36)H is sent to the output device

S subtraction instruction is executed all the
flags of S, Z, CY, P, AC will be affected
when S  Sign flag
A
through output port 25 H. Z  Zero flag
150. (c) TRAP = RST 4.5 = 4.5×8 = 36 16 36 Cy  Carry flag
M
2 4
= (0024)H P  Parity flag
16 44
AC  Auxillary carry flag
RST 5.5 = 5.5×8 = 44 2 C
= (002C)H
154. (b) The above program is used for exchange
S
RST 6.5 = 6.5×8 = 52 16 52

of contents of memory location 2000, 2001
3 4
= (0034)H with 1000, 1001.
IE
RST 7.5 = 7.5×8 = 60 16 60 LHLD 1000 (Load register pair direct from
3 C HL  4535 memory location 1000, 1001)
= (003C)H
XCHG
151. (d) We know that in 8255A
DE  HL (exchange the contents of
CS = Master chip select DE&HL register pair)
A0  DE  4535

A1  Connected to MPU address lines LHLD 2000
CS A1 A2 Selected
HL  2010
0 0 0 Port A
XCHG (exchange the contents of DE&HL
0 0 1 Port B register pair)
0 1 0 Port C
DE  HL
0 1 1 Control Register
1 × × 8255 A is not selected DE  2010
HL  4535

SHLD 2000 (Store the contents of HL as memory pointers and Instruction pointer
register pair directly into 2000, 2001 also.
location)
XCHG exchange the contents of DE&HL 157. (c) W e know that 8086 is a 16-bit
microprocessor and in this
DE  HL 1000 10 microprocessor the address and data lines
1001 20 are multiplexed i.e. (AD0-AD15) whenever
DE  4535 ALE=HIGH.
HL  2010 2000 35
Lower order 16-bit address bus (A0-A15) is
2001 45 selected ALE = Low
SHLC 1000 (Store the content of HL
register pair into 1000, 1001 memory data bus (D0-D15) is selected is selected.
location) 158. (b) In 8086 microprocessor in the minimum
 HL  2010 mode interface the value of S4S3 indicate
R
the following.
DE  4535
S4 S3 Segment Register
155. (d) Memory Mapped I/o Interfacing :
E
0 0 Extra
 Both the memory and I/o devices are
addressed by 16 bit addressing 0 1 Stack
T
 entire memory is distributed between 1 0 Code/home
memory and I/o devices. 1 1 Data
I/o Mapped I/o interfacing :
S
 In this type memory is addressed with 16
159. (c) The following are the flags of 8086
microprocessor.
A
bit address where I/o dev ices are (1) Overflow flag (OF)
addressed with 8-bit addressing.
(2) Direction flag (DF)
 In this mapping 256 I/o devices can be
M
connected hence both statements are (3) Interrupt-enable flag (IF)

false. (4) Single step flag (TF)
156. (c) We know that the 8086 Microprocessor has (5) Sign Flag (SF)
following types of registers
(6) Zero-flag (ZF)
S
Category Bits Register Names

(7) Auxilliary carry flag (AF)
(8) Parity flag (PF)
IE
General 16 AX, BX, CX, DX

(9) Carry flag (CF)
8 AH
Pointer 16 SP, BP 160. (d)  The BIU (Bus Interface unit) uses a
Index 16 SI (Source Index) mechanism known as instruction stream
queue to implement a pipeline architecture.
DI (Distination Index)
Segment 16 CS (Code Segment)  The queue permits pre-fetch of upto 6 bytes
of instruction code. Whenever the queue
DS (Data Segment)
of BIU is hot full, it has room for atleast
SS (Stack Segment) two more bytes and at the same time the
EU (Execution unit) is not requesting it to
ES (Extra Segment)
read (or) write operands from memory, the
Instruction 16 IP (Instruction pointer) BIU is free to look ahead in the program
Flag 16 FR (Flag register) by pre-f etching the next sequential
instruction.
In this Index and pointer registers are used

161. (b) Hence, to judge the efficiency of distribution

If n = number of independent node equations transformer, energy efficiency or All day
efficiency is calculated.
m = number of independent mesh
equations
164. (a)
j = number of junctions Application of Kirchoff’s voltage law (kVL) in
b = number of branches the primary demands that core flux should
then, in nodal method, number of independent remain constant no matter whether the
equation required. transformer is loaded or, not. This requirement
can only be met if primary draws a definite
n = j –1 amount of additional current to nullify the effect
and for mesh method, number of independent of the mmf produced by the secondary.
meth equation required.
i.e., N12 = N2 2
m = b – (j – 1)
and, 1 = 0  2
R
If m < n, the mesh method is advantageous
If m > n, the nodal method is advantageous 165. (d)
E
When number of parallel path in the circuit is The value of maximum flux density (Bmax)
more, nodal method is preferred. required for a particular transformer depends
on the applied voltage and frequency. It does
T
162. (c) not depend on the core material used
In the transformers, usually the open-circuit However, definite type of core is used
S
(OC) test and short-circuit tests are according to the calculation of Bmax.
conducted on low voltage and high voltage V = 2 f  N
sides respetively.
A
 V = 2 f  (Bmax  A)  N
The OC test is performed at rated voltage,
so, if it is done on low voltage side, it V
requires the instruments with standard  Bmax   
M
f 
ranges. On the other hand, if OC test is
performed on high voltage side, a source
of such a high voltage may not be available 166. (c)
easily. The input power given to transformer while
performing open-circuit (OC) test is indicated
The SC test is performed on hV side
S
by wattmeter reading which includes core loss

because:
and ohmic loss both. But, as excitation current
(i) The rated current on hV side is lower than  e is only about 2 to 6% of the full load current,
IE
that on lv side. This current can be safely

measured. hence the copper loss  r 
2
e 1 during open
(ii) Since, the applied voltage is less than 5% circuit test is negligible in comparison with
of the rated voltage of the winding, greater the normal core loss. Hence, the wattmeter
accuracy in the reading of the voltmeter is reading can be taken as equal to transformer
possible when the hV side is used as the core loss.
primary.
167. (c)
163. (a)
Hysteresis loss is minimum if the flux lines
The transformers used to supply low are along the direction of rolling. In cold-rolled-
tension (LT) consumers are called grain oriented steel, the grains are along the
distribution transformers. Hence, the load direction of rolling. Also, CRGO has the
on such transf ormers v ary widely maximum permeability in the direction of the
Therefore, it is not suitable to calculate grain orientation.
efficiency of the distribution transformer at
a particular load with a fixed power factor. 168. (b)

Buchholz relay consists of an oil filled chamber

VAB = Vm3 sin3t
consists two floats. The relay is placed
between transformer tank and conservator.
VB3 = Vm3 sin(3t  360)
In case of a fault, gas bubbles are generated
in the transf ormer tank on account of
= Vm3 sin(3t  360)
increased heating produced by fault currents.
These bubbles rise and go towards the
= Vm3 sin 3t
conservator through the pipe. The gas bubbles
are trapped in the upper part of the relay
VC3 = Vm3 sin 3(t  240)
chamber and since the chamber is full of oil,
the oil is displaced with lowers the top float.
= Vm3 sin(t  720)
The float sinks ultimately thereby causing the
closure of contacts of the “alarm circuit”.
= Vm3 sin t
Hence, we can conclude that, conservator is
R
neccessary for use of Buchholz relay. Also, Now, the line voltages are,
the relay is useful for fault developed inside
the transformer. VAB3 = VA3  VB3
E
= Vm3 sin3 t  Vm3 sin3t
169. (d)
For a given window area of transformer, if = 0
T
window height is increased, the length of
leakage flux path becomes more. It means and, VBC3 = VCA3  0
will be more. Hence, for given mmf the S

the reluctance offered to leakage flux path
leakage flux is reduced and coefficient of

i.e., In a 3 star-connected transformer, the
line voltages do not contain 3rd harmonics.
A
coupling between windings get increased.
173. (a)
In an induction motor, starting torque can
M
be controlled by change in rotor resistance.

A increase Increase in rotor resistance increases the
A
in length for starting torque. This is possible only in case
leakage flux
of stip-ring induction motor as the rotor
path
resistance can be varied but in squirrel
cage induction motor, as the rotor bars are
S
170. (a) short-circuited, it is not possible to increase

In a tap-changer of transformer, the winding the rotor resistance at starting and hence
IE
should be tapped in the middle of winding, starting torque cannot be controlled in

not at the end of winding. Because, if the squirrel cage induction motor.
tapping is done at the end portion, then some
of the turns will be cut-out by tap changer and 174. (b)
then in addition to radial forces, axial forces In case, the operating speed of the rotor
will also be developed which will compress of 3 –  induction motor becomes equal to
the winding axially. Under short-circuit
the synchronous speed in the same
condition, this axial force will be very high
direction, there will be no-relative speed
and may damage the winding.
between stator rotating magnetic field and
rotor bars and hence there will be no
171. (d)
induced emf and no current developed in
In the transformer, the magnetic saturation of rotor. Hence, there will be no torque
core does not result in any power loss. It produced in rotor.
distorts the excitation current waveform.
The mmf produced by both stator and rotor
rotates at synchronous speed in the same
172. (a) direction.
The third harmonic phase voltages are,

175. (a) why this is commonly used in windmill

generator.
In 1 shaded pole motor, the induced current
178. (a)
in shaded coil lags the induced current in
unshaded coil, hence there is time phase Due to hysteresis the rotor magnetization lags
difference between these currents which lead behind the stator mmf by angle ‘  ’ which is
to the production of 2-phase rotating magnetic
hysteresis dependent and remain constant at
field rotating from unshaded pole to shaded
all rotor speeds. Hence, the hysteresis torque
pole.
also remains constant at all speed of motor.
176. (a)
179. (c)
Pole changing method is usually done in Assertion is true
squirrel cage type of induction motor as its
Reason is not true because the o/p is
rotor automatically develops same number of
connected back to the i/p in the ring counter
poles as that of stator which is a necessary
as shown below. Hence reason is false.
R
condition for production of torque. In slip-ring
Q2 Q1 Q0
motor, to develop the same number of poles o/p
as that of stator, we will have to reconnect the D2 Q2 D1 Q1 D0 Q0
E
rotor winding which is very complicated. So,
Q2 Q1 Q0
this method is not suitable for slip-ring
induction motor.
T
C/K
177. (a) 180. (b) Assertion is true
W indmill operates at diff erent speed S Reason is also true

depending upon the blow of wind ie. speed of but both are independent statements so R
windmill is non-fixed type. Since, induction is not the explanation of A.
A
generator is asynchronous in nature, that is
M
S
IE

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ESE-2017 PRELIMS TEST SERIES

Date: 2nd October, 2016

Mob. : 8130909220, 9711853908 E-mail: ies_master@yahoo.co.in, info@iesmaster.org

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= tan  V  = 10 × 10–3 × 0.2

So, power factor of the circuit,

Applying current division rule, we get

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 30 Is = 45 I2 Applying KVL is loop (1), we get

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V2 V  V1  = 12   0.6 2  0.8A

= 150  sin90 Since, both capacitors are connected in series,

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Applying KVL from a to b, N2 = 300

At t  0  ; V(t) = 50 u(t) = 0; and inductor is

50 – 40 (iL–4) – 20iL = 0 = 8  103  5  100 cos t

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= 4cos t  7.5cos t volt. Also, Va–10 = Vb

15  10 3  5  100 cos t VC  15 V

30. (b) If all the resistance are present is load

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34. (d) However, the supply voltage being the vector

 W1  VL IL cos (30  )  (200)2 =  50  50 2  VL2

50V 10A 38. (b)

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i.e. I1 leads I2 by (90° + 45° = 135°)

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(By using   Y transformation) = 1 + 0.5e–5t Volt

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N1 2Ph Also, Peddy =  2eddy R

Given, 53. (c)

i.e., 0 = 60° (lagging)

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(iv)In star/star transformers, a delta connected Rated current in 100V winding

0.8  100  0.8

The windings in a shell-type transformer have

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the voltage regulation of the transformer is 64. (c)

For a given dot in primary winding, the

V'1 = 2000 V 2000 V V'2 = 1800V Pi =

Applying kVL in secondary side, we get V1  e cos 0 = Pi

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hV side. transformers supplies a balanced 3 load

Core-loss, Pi = 200 W By using series resistance and reactance, we

can find the voltage regulation of transformer.

carried by the  -  bank.

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2 N1 200 74. (a)

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Equivalent resistance of transformer referred

Equivalent reactance of transformer referred V1 800

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 Pe2 = 225 W 0.022  3  112

84. (c) 86. (a)

0.010 The auxiliary winding has a high resistance

85. (c) In capacitor start and run motor, the

= 0.012 pu 88. (d)

2.5  103 rotor of an induction motor rotate in the

rp  3  (kV)B2 Startinglinecurrent with star  delta starter

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2 running and hence it is used to improve

In a 3-phase induction motor, rotor speed SC

In a 3 –  induction motor, higher rotor Ist