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ISBN 978-0-626-26148-1
SANS 10227:2012
Edition 2.1

SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

Criteria for the operation of inspection

authorities performing inspection in terms
of the Pressure Equipment Regulations

Published by SABS Standards Division

1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001
Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568
www.sabs.co.za
© SABS
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Edition 2.1

Table of changes
Change No. Date Scope
Amdt 1 2012 Amended to move reference to legislation to the foreword, update
the definitions of “audit”, “calibration”, “certificate of manufacture”,
“certificate of modification”, “inspection”, “pressure equipment”,
“quality control plan”, “surveillance” and “verification”, add
definitions of “AIA in-service” and “AIA manufacturing”, add an
abbreviation, modify a requirement for approvals of inspection
authorities, change and add a cross reference, include a clause on
pressure equipment marking and renumber clauses and
subclauses accordingly, update a requirement for stamp control,
include procedures for in-service and manufacturing AIAs, update a
requirement for nameplate, modify table 1 and include table 2.

Foreword
This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 58, Vessels and
systems under pressure, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in
compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement.

This document was published in December 2012.

This document supersedes SANS 10227:2007 (edition 2).

A vertical line in the margin shows where the text has been technically modified by amendment
No. 1.

Reference is made in 1.1, 3.1.2.2, 3.1.7, 4.2(a(2)), 6.2, 6.2(h), 6.2(j), NOTE to 8.2, clause 9, table 1,
table 2 and A.3 (annex A) to "relevant national legislation". In South Africa this means the Pressure
Equipment Regulations (PER).

Reference is made in 3.1.1, 3.1.5, NOTE to 3.1.17, and 5.1(d) to "relevant national legislation". In
South Africa this means the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (Act No. 85 of 1993), or the
Mine Health and Safety Act, 1996 (Act No. 29 of 1996) or both (as applicable), and all relevant
amendments and regulations promulgated in terms of these Acts.

Reference is made in 3.1.2.1 to “relevant national legislation”. In South Africa this means regulation
11.1(c) and (d) of the Pressure Equipment Regulations (PER).

Reference is made in 3.1.12 to "relevant national legislation". In South Africa this means the
Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (Act No. 85 of 1993).

Reference is made in 4.2(a) to "relevant national legislation". In South Africa this means the
Regulations for the control over the use or application of standards promulgated under the
Standards Act, 2008 (Act No. 8 of 2008).

Reference is made in 4.2(e) and 5.1(a) to "relevant national legislation", In South Africa this means
the Regulations of the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (Act No. 85 of 1993), or the Mine
Health and Safety Act, 1996 (Act No. 29 of 1996) (as applicable).
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Foreword (concluded)
This document should be read in conjunction with SANS 17020 as it provides specific accreditation
requirements for approved inspection authorities of pressure equipment.

This document was written in order to support a specific South African Regulation and, of necessity,
includes references to South African legislation. It therefore might not be suitable for direct
application in other jurisdictions where conflicting legislation exists.

Annex A forms an integral part of this document.

Introduction
This document specifies the requirements for approved inspection authorities (AIA) of pressure
equipment as laid down in the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (Act No. 85 of 1993),
Pressure Equipment Regulations, and the Mine Health and Safety Act, 1996 (Act No. 29 of 1996).

Any variation from this document by an inspection authority will constitute an exception. Such
variations will only be permitted on a case-by-case basis after the inspection authority has
demonstrated to SANAS that the exception complies with the requirements of the relevant clause of
the Pressure Equipment Regulations (PER), SANS 17020, and the intent of this document in an
equivalent way.

In the case of a dispute concerning the application of this document, the Department of Labour, or
the Department of Mineral and Energy, will adjudicate on unresolved matters.

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Contents
Page

Foreword

Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 1

1 Scope .................................................................................................................................... 3

2 Normative references ........................................................................................................... 3

3 Definitions and abbreviations ................................................................................................ 3

4 Approval of inspection authorities ......................................................................................... 7

5 Scope of activity .................................................................................................................... 8

6 AIA manufacturing ................................................................................................................ 8

Amdt 1
7 AIA in-service ........................................................................................................................ 9
Amdt 1
8 Records ................................................................................................................................. 10
Amdt 1
9 Pressure equipment marking ................................................................................................ 11
Amdt 1
10 Stamp control ......................................................................................................................... 11
Amdt 1
11 Personnel qualifications, training and experience ................................................................ 11
Amdt 1
Annex A (normative) Requirements for the verification of piping .......................................... 14

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................. 14

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SANS 10227:2012
Edition 2.1

Criteria for the operation of inspection authorities performing

inspection in terms of the Pressure Equipment Regulations

1 Scope
1.1 This standard covers the specific criteria for the operation of inspection authorities performing
inspection on pressure equipment in terms of the relevant national legislation (see foreword).
Amdt 1

1.2 It does not apply to gas test stations.

NOTE Gas test stations are covered in SANS 1825.

2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. All
normative documents are subject to revision and, since any reference to a normative document is
deemed to be a reference to the latest edition of that document, parties to agreements based on
this document are encouraged to take steps to ensure the use of the most recent editions of the
normative documents indicated below. Information on currently valid national and international
standards can be obtained from the SABS Standards Division.

SANS 347, Categorization and conformity assessment criteria for all pressure equipment.

SANS 17020/ISO/IEC 17020, Conformity assessment – Requirements for the operation of various
types of bodies performing inspection.

3 Definitions and abbreviations

For the purposes of this document, the following definitions and abbreviations apply.

NOTE Definitions of related terms can be found in SANS 9000 and SANS 17000. Amdt 1

3.1 Definitions
3.1.1
Act
relevant national legislation (see foreword) Amdt 1

3.1.2
approved inspection authority
AIA
organization that is approved by the regulatory authority

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3.1.2.1
AIA in-service
charged with duties as stipulated in the relevant national legislation (see foreword) Amdt 1

3.1.2.2
AIA manufacturing
charged with all other duties as stipulated in the relevant national legislation (see foreword) Amdt 1

3.1.3
audit
systematic, independent, documented process for obtaining records, statements of fact or other
relevant information and assessing them objectively to determine the extent to which specified
requirements are fulfilled Amdt 1

NOTE Whilst “audit” applies to management systems, assessment” applies to conformity assessment bodies.
Amdt 1

3.1.4
calibration
operation that, under specified conditions, in a first step, establishes a relation between the quantity values
with measurement uncertainties provided by measurement standards and corresponding indications with
associated measurement uncertainties and, in a second step, uses this information to establish a relation for
obtaining a measurement result from an indication

NOTE 1 A calibration may be expressed by a statement, calibration function, calibration diagram, calibration
curve, or calibration table. In some cases, it may consist of an additive or multiplicative correction of the
indication with associated measurement uncertainty.

NOTE 2 Calibration should not be confused with adjustment of a measuring system, often mistakenly called
“self-calibration” nor with verification of calibration.

NOTE 3 Often, the first step alone in the above definition is perceived as being calibration. Amdt 1

3.1.5
Certificate of Manufacture
certificate issued by the manufacturer and countersigned by the AIA (as applicable) to certify that
the pressure equipment concerned complies with the relevant national legislation (see foreword)
and has been designed, manufactured and tested in every respect in accordance with the relevant
health and safety standard (see 3.1.7) Amdt 1

3.1.6
certificate of modification or repair
certificate or record issued by the modifier or the repairer and countersigned by the AIA (as
applicable) to certify that the pressure equipment concerned has been modified or repaired in every
respect in accordance with the relevant health and safety standard. (see 3.1.7) Amdt 1

3.1.7
health and safety standard
Code of Construction
standard that is approved in terms of the relevant national legislation (see foreword) by the relevant
regulatory authority, and that contains requirements for the design, manufacture, repair,
modification, inspection and testing of pressure equipment (see SANS 347) Amdt 1

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3.1.8
inspection
examination of a product design, product, process or installation and determination of its conformity
with specific requirements or, on the basis of professional judgement, with general requirements

NOTE Inspection of a process may include inspection of persons, facilities, technology and methodology.
Amdt 1

3.1.9
modification
any change to the original design conditions of the pressure equipment concerned, including re-
rating, and the addition or removal of elements that could affect the integrity of the pressure
equipment

NOTE Modify has a corresponding meaning.

3.1.10
piping designer
person in charge of the engineering design of piping

3.1.11
pressure equipment
steam generator, pressure vessel, piping, pressure accessory and safety accessory, including but
not limited to, an accumulator, transportable gas container, fire extinguisher and hyperbaric
chamber designed for working under pressure Amdt 1

3.1.12
pressure equipment regulation
PER
pressure equipment regulation in the relevant national legislation (see foreword) for use in
South Africa and enforced by the regulatory authority Amdt 1

3.1.13
quality control plan
document specifying which procedures and associated resources to be applied, by whom and when
to a specific project, product, process or contract

NOTE 1 These procedures generally include those referring to quality management processes and to product
realization processes.

NOTE 2 A quality plan often makes reference to parts of the quality manual or to procedure documents.

NOTE 3 A quality plan is generally one of the results of quality planning. Amdt 1

3.1.14
re-certification
certification of previously certified equipment where the required traceability (to the applicable
statutory regulations and supporting documentation) is no longer available.

3.1.15
regulatory authority
authority which is legally charged with the enforcement of the requirements of the legislation that
relates to pressure equipment in South Africa

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3.1.16
surveillance
systematic iteration of conformity assessment activities as a basis for maintaining the validity of the
statement of conformity Amdt 1

3.1.17
verification
confirmation, through the provision of objective evidence, that specified requirements have been
fulfilled

NOTE 1 The term “verified” is used to designate the corresponding status.

NOTE 2 Confirmation can comprise activities such as

— performing alternative calculations,

— comparing a new design specification with a similar proven design specification,
— undertaking tests and demonstrations, and
— reviewing documents prior to issue.

NOTE 3 This is an all-embracing definition. The application of this standard should always be seen in terms of
the relevant national legislation (see foreword) that are in effect at any given time. Amdt 1

3.2 Abbreviations
AIA approved inspection authority

CP competent person in terms of the SAQCC

ECSA Engineering Council of South Africa

IPE inspector of pressurized equipment

MT magnetic particle testing

NDE non-destructive examination

PER pressure equipment regulation

PT liquid penetrant testing

RT radiographic testing

SANAS South African National Accreditation System

SAQA South African Qualifications Authority Amdt 1

SAQCC South African Qualification Certification Committee

UT ultrasonic testing

WPQ welder performance qualification

WPS weld procedure specification

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4 Approval of inspection authorities

4.1 The inspection authority is the authorized representative of the Chief Inspector of the
Department of Labour or of the Chief Inspector of the Department of Minerals and Energy, as
applicable, the inspection authority shall be a juristic person such as closed corporation, registered
company etc. in South Africa. However, it shall exclude a sole proprietor (individual). Amdt 1

4.2 The approval of an inspection authority by the regulatory authorities shall be conditional upon
the following:

a) The accreditation of the inspection authority in terms of the relevant national legislation (see
foreword). This shall include a partial assessment of the inspection authority's activities at least
once a year, with a full assessment (or equivalent) of its total activities once every four years.
The assessments shall be conducted
Amdt 1

1) under the control of the government-endorsed national accreditation body (SANAS),

2) to the requirements in this standard and in SANS 17020, to a specific scope as determined by
the health and safety standards, to accreditation requirements and to the relevant national
legislation (see foreword). Amdt 1

b) The Technical Manager (however designated) shall be in the permanent and full-time
employment of the inspection authority. Accreditation shall depend on the availability of the
Technical Manager within the inspection authority. Furthermore the IPE or CP (or both) (as
applicable) shall be employed either on a full-time basis or on a part-time basis of the inspection
authority. Amdt 1

c) The design verification engineer shall be employed either on a full-time basis or on a part-time
basis. Where it is necessary to use personnel for temporary situations, such personnel should be
formally contracted for the period that the inspection authority uses them. The inspection
authority shall ensure that such personnel are supervised and competent, and that they work in
accordance with the inspection authority’s quality system. Amdt 1

d) Should personnel that are vital to the scope of accreditation leave the permanent employment of
the inspection authority, SANAS shall be notified immediately and accreditation shall be
suspended until the inspection authority can prove to SANAS that the new incumbents have the
required experience, training and certification.

e) The Chief Inspector of the Department of Labour or of the Department of Minerals and Energy
shall only approve inspection authorities in terms of the relevant national legislation (see
foreword) after the inspection authorities have been accredited by SANAS. Accreditation by
SANAS does not mean that an inspection authority will automatically be approved. The Chief
Inspector of the Department of Labour or of the Department of Minerals and Energy might wish
to impose additional requirements on accredited inspection authorities before approval is
granted. Amdt 1

f) If an AIA loses its accreditation, it shall automatically lose its approval by the regulatory
authorities.

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5 Scope of activity
5.1 The extent of the functions provided by the AIA shall be documented and shall specify
a) the relevant national legislation (see foreword) with which the functions comply, Amdt 1

b) the applicable health and safety standard(s) with which the functions comply,

c) whether the scope of accreditation should cover only

1) manufacturing, or

2) in-service inspection, or

3) both of the above, and

d) any other related functions (pertaining to pressure equipment) that enhance the expertise of the
organization, but are not limited to the requirements of the relevant national legislation (see
foreword). Amdt 1

5.2 The documentation (see clauses 6 and 7) shall also specify which services and activities are
provided in-house and which services, if any, are obtained from outside the organization and on
what basis (for example, material testing and calibration of equipment). Amdt 1

5.3 The AIA, whether in-service or manufacturing, shall disclose to the client the extent and
limitations of its accreditation and services. Amdt 1

6 AIA manufacturing Amdt 1

6.1 Documented procedures shall be developed and maintained in accordance with the
requirements of SANS 17020 and shall include, but shall not be limited to, the following. Amdt 1

6.2 Responsibilities assigned to the AIA as part of the relevant national legislation (see foreword)
shall include the following: Amdt 1

a) surveillance of the supplier’s manufacturing programme;

b) certification and re-certification;

c) re-rating;

d) repairs;

e) modification;

f) any other procedure as required to establish compliance with SANS 347;.

g) conducting pre-commissioning inspections and tests;

h) allowing dispensation of internal inspections or hydraulic tests (or both), and test intervals in
terms of the relevant national legislation (see foreword);

i) verify conformity assessment review of the importer of pressure vessels, steam generators and
assemblies ensuring compliance to the relevant national legislation (see foreword) as
applicable; and

j) relevant national legislation (see foreword) related approvals not listed above.
Amdt 1

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6.3 The surveillance of the manufacturing programme in accordance with conformity assessment
modules as listed in SANS 347 shall include, but may not be limited to, the following:

a) design and drawing verification (requirements for the verification of piping shall be as in
annex A);

b) quality control plan (however designated);

c) material certification;

d) material identification;

e) examination of material cut edges and heat-affected zones;

f) approval or verification of weld procedures (WPS), as applicable;

g) approval or verification of welders and operators (WPQ), as applicable;

h) weld preparation, fit-up and quality of welding;

i) inspection of second side-weld preparation;

j) acceptance of non-destructive examination (NDE, including MT, PT, RT and UT) procedures and
test results;

k) witnessing and evaluation of the mechanical testing of production test welds;

l) heat treatment;

m) pressure testing;

n) final examination;

o) verification of as-built dimensions;

p) verification of pressure equipment marking and data plate hard stamping, as applicable;

q) acceptance of documentation; and

r) certificate of manufacture or certificate of repair or modification verification. Amdt 1

7 AlA in-service
Documented procedures shall be developed and maintained in accordance with the requirements of
SANS 17020 and shall include, but may not be limited to, the following:

a) pre-inspection preparation (review of previous reports);

b) data plate verification on pressure vessels and steam generators;

c) visual inspection of external pressure envelope surfaces;

d) visual inspection of external protective coatings, insulation, fire proofing, structures, foundations
and earth cables;

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e) internal visual inspection of main pressure envelope, attachments and internals;

f) internal visual inspection of paint linings, refractory etc.;

g) safety accessory inspection;

h) wall thickness testing, corrosion rate and remaining life calculations;

i) execution of non-destructive testing;

j) reporting of unacceptable discontinuities and deterioration;

k) compilation of inspection reports;

m) executing or witnessing in-service pressure testing (or both);

n) acceptance and evaluations of discontinuities and deterioration;

o) identification and testing of critical welds of fire-tube steam generators; and

p) other in-service inspection activities resulting from RBI studies. Amdt 1

8 Records Amdt 1

8.1 The AlA shall establish and maintain procedures for the storage and filing of those documents
and registers that give objective evidence of the execution of all activities that affect the quality of
the service rendered or of the pressure equipment concerned. Amdt 1

8.2 The procedures shall cover at least Amdt 1

a) the requirements for access to the files, the extraction and return of documents, and a list of
authorized personnel,

b) the files to be used, and the location, protection and preservation of the documents,

c) the category of documents to be filed, their confidentiality and their indexing, and

d) the retention times (at least five years).

NOTE The AlA Association and the statutory authority have agreed that (where applicable) only the
following certification records need to be stored:

a) certificate as required by the relevant national legislation (see foreword);

b) facsimile of equipment data plate;

c) design calculations as verified, or proof of design verification;

d) a drawing (however designated) containing the design parameters; and

e) in-service inspection reports and deferments.

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9 Pressure equipment marking

The AlA shall ensure that the manufacturer’s marking is in compliance with the requirements of the
relevant national legislation (see foreword) and relevant health and safety standard.

For pressure vessels and steam generators the AlA shall stamp the manufacturer’s data plate, as
applicable, with the AlA's unique mark. Amdt 1

10 Stamp control Amdt 1

10.1 The AlA shall develop and maintain documented procedures for the control, issue and
retrieval of hard and soft stamps. These procedures shall include the issuing of new stamps, the
configuration of the stamps, and the control of lost or damaged stamps. Amdt 1

10.2 The stamp holder shall complete the relevant documentation by: Amdt 1

a) printing or stamping and signing their names; Amdt 1

b) providing the date of signing; and

c) where applicable, including their registration numbers.

11 Personnel qualifications, training and experience Amdt 1

The AlA personnel who carry out an activity in terms of this standard shall have the appropriate
technical qualification and certification (see tables 1 and 2) for the type of work to be undertaken.
Amdt 1

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Edition 2.1
SANS 10227:2012
Table 1 — Qualification requirements for AIA manufacturing

1 2 3 4
Function Responsibilities Qualification/certification Experience
a
Design verification Verification of design calculations and Pr. Eng. or Four years of relevant pressure equipment design experience,
related drawings Pr. Technologist or with knowledge of design standards and statutory
Pr. Cert. Eng. requirements in terms of which the service is rendered
b
Technical manager (however Management of all AIA technical and University degree or Four years relevant pressure equipment experience with
designated) quality activities Higher National Diploma or knowledge of the relevant Code of Construction, quality
Certificated Eng. or management system requirements and statutory requirements
B Tech. in terms of which the service is rendered
c
Verification and surveillance Independent inspection, testing and SAQCC (IPE) Inspection and testing experience with knowledge of the
surveillance of items and activities specific Code of Construction and other statutory
c requirements incorporated in certification in terms of which the
Pre-commissioning, inspection Inspection and assessment of SAQCC (IPE/CP)
service is rendered
and pressure testing pressure equipment in accordance
with the relevant national legislation
(see foreword)
a
Only mechanical engineers are applicable in this context. Foreign qualifications need to be verified by SAQA.
b
The technical manager (however designated) is not authorized to perform IPE or CP functions unless certified by SAQCC. The technical manager may delegate the
management of the quality system to a qualified person with the relevant experience within the organization.
c
Inspectors can only perform functions within the limits of their certifications.
NOTE Only the following engineering disciplines are acceptable for a technical manager:
– Mechanical
– Metallurgical
– Welding
Amdt 1
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Table 2 — Qualification requirements for AIA in-service inspections

1 2 3 4
Function Responsibilities Qualifications Experience
a
Management of all AIA Technical manager University degree or 4 years of relevant pressure
technical and quality Higher National Diploma equipment design experience,
activities or Certificated Eng. or with knowledge of design
B Tech. standards and statutory
requirements in terms of which
the service is rendered
or
a minimum of SAQCC Minimum 5 years as CP
(CP) and Grade 12 or Inspector with relevant pressure
equivalent equipment experience with
knowledge of the relevant
health and safety standard,
quality management system
requirements in terms of which
the service is rendered
In-service pressure Inspection and testing SAQCC (CP) b Inspection and testing
equipment inspection of pressure equipment experience with knowledge of
in accordance with the the in-service and other
relevant national statutory requirements
legislation (see incorporated in certification in
foreword) terms of which service is
rendered
a
The technical manager (however designated) is not authorized to perform CP functions, unless certified by
SAQCC. The technical manager may delegate the management of the quality system to a qualified person
with the relevant experience within the organization.
b
Inspectors can only perform functions within the limits of their certifications.

NOTE Only the following engineering disciplines are acceptable for a technical manager:

– Mechanical
– Metallurgical
– Welding
Amdt 1

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Annex A
(normative)

Requirements for the verification of piping

A.1 The verification of the piping designer's qualifications shall be performed by an AIA in
accordance with SANS 347.

A.2 The AIA shall verify the completeness of the piping design package as required by SANS 347.

A.3 The AIA shall co-sign the declaration of conformity (Certificate of Manufacture) as required by
the relevant national legislation (see foreword). Amdt 1

A.4 The AIA may, at any time, require proof from the designer or the manufacturer for compliance
with the applicable health and safety standard requirements.

A.5 The AIA shall retain the declaration of conformity (Certificate of Manufacture) for the prescribed
statutory time period.

Bibliography
Standards
SANS 1825, Gas cylinder test stations – General requirements for periodic inspection and testing of
portable and transportable refillable gas pressure receptacles.

SANS 9000/ISO 9000, Quality management systems – Fundamentals and vocabulary.

SANS 9001/ISO 9001, Quality management systems – Requirements.

SANS 10378, General requirements for the competence of verification laboratories in terms of the
Trade Metrology Act.

SANS 17000/ISO/IEC 17000, Conformity assessment – Vocabulary and general principles.

Other publications
IAF/ILAC-A4: 2004, Guidance on the application of ISO/IEC 17020.

International vocabulary of basic and general terms in metrology, (VIM).

© SABS

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