Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
We deeply thank our honourable Chairman, SRI K. KUPPAIAH CHETTY for his moral support
throughout the course.
We express our deepest thanks and gratitude to our beloved Principal, Dr.S.SANKAR for
supporting us in completion of our Project work successfully by providing the required facilities.
Last but not least, we deeply acknowledge our PARENTS whose blessings are always there with us
in all our good deed
TEAM MEMBERS
U.PAVANKUMAR (143F1A0412)
M.KALYAN (143F1A0405)
A.E.MEENA (143F1A0408)
R.VISHNUPRIYA (13751A0409)
R.M.RAJESH (133F1A0422)
DECLARATION
TEAM MEMBERS
M.KALYAN (143F1A0405)
A.E.MEENA (143F1A0408)
R.VISHNUPRIYA (13751A0409)
R.M.RAJESH (133F1A0422)
ABSTRACT
In some of the water system contraption water system booking is done by means of
following soil, water prevalence with tension meters underneath trickle water system through the
computerization controller device in sandy soil. It is exceptionally vital for the rancher to save
the substance inside the subject. It is extremely hard to gauge the substance material of the
division. Presently a day there is no framework like this to quantify.
The proposed gadget has exceptional sensors, a small scale controller, GPRS and quality assets.
A few WSUs might be conveyed in-zone to design a dispensed sensor group for the programmed
water system gadget. Every unit relies upon on the miniaturized scale controller that controls the
radio modem GPRS and tactics statistics from the dirt dampness sensor, temperature sensor and
water degree sensor. In this remote sensor unit or transmission unit the sensor information from
various sensors (Soil dampness, temperature, moistness and water degree) are amassed within
the primary controller. This fact is shown on transmission section LCD. Arduino controller is
changed to some restrict estimations of temperature and soil dampness.
I
CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE NO:
ABSTRACT I
LIST OF FIGURE II
LIST OF TABLES IV
1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT 1
1.2 INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED SYSTEMS 1
1.3 EMBEDDED SYSTEM APPLICATIONS 2
1.3. 1 Consumer Appliances 2
1.3. 2 Office Automation 3
1.3. 3 Industrial Automation 3
1.3. 4 Medical Electronics 3
1.3.5 Computer Networking 3
1.3. 6 Telecommunications 3
1.3. 7 Wireless Technologies 3
1.3. 8 Insemination 3
1.3. 9 Security 3
1.3. 10 Finance 4
1. 4 OVERVIEW OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM 5
1. 4. 1 Central processing unit (CPU) 6
1.4. 2 Memory 7
1.4. 3 Input Devices 7
1.4. 4 Output Devices 7
1.4. 5 Communication Interfaces 7
1.4. 6 Application-Specific Circuitry 7
2. EXISTING SYSTEM 8
3. PROPOSED SYSTEM 9
4. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION 11
4.1 POWER SUPPLY 11
4.1.1 Need for power supply 11
4.1.2 Transformers 12
4.1.3 Voltage Regulators 13
4.1.4 Diode Bridge 13
4.1.5 Filter circuit 14
4.1.6 Rectifier 15
4.1.7 Circuit diagram of the power supply 16
4. 2 ARDUINO 17
4. 2. 1 Arduino hardware 18
4. 2. 2 Physical Characteristics 19
4. 2. 3 Power 19
4. 2. 4 Input output 20
4. 2. 5 Communication 22
4. 3 MICROCONTROLLER ATMEGA328P 22
4. 3. 1 Features 22
4. 3. 2 Pin diagram 25
4. 3.3 Pin Description 26
4. 3. 4 Block Diagram 28
4. 3. 5 Description 29
4. 3. 6 Memory 30
4. 3. 7 Register File 30
4. 3. 8 AVR Memory 30
4. 3. 9 Addressing modes 31
4. 3. 10 Stack point register 32
4. 3. 11 program status registers 34
4. 4 LCD (LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY) 34
4. 4.1 Pin Diagram 35
4. 4. 2 Pin description 35
4. 4. 3 Block diagram of LCD display 36
4. 4. 4 Control and Display Commands 36
4. 4. 5 Details of the Instructions 39
4. 4. 6 8-bit and 4-bit interfacing of LCD 43
4. 4. 7 8-bit mode 43
4. 4. 8 4-bit mode 43
4. 4. 9 LCD display interfacing- flowchart 44
4. 4. 10 Interfacing 16X2 LCD to ARDUINO-UNO 44
4.5 SOIL MOISTUER SENSOR 45
4.6 DHT11 SENSOR 46
4.7 GPRS 47
4.7.1 Functions of GPRS 47
4.7.2 Use of GPRS 47
4.8 SERIAL COMMUNICATION 48
4.8.1 UART 48
4.8.2 RS-232 BASICS 49
4.8.3 RS-232 Level converter 50
5. SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION 51
5. 1 ARDUINO IDE 51
5. 2 SKETCH BOOK 53
5. 3 UPLOADING 54
5. 4 SERIAL MONITOR 55
5. 5 PROJECT CODE 57
6. MERITS AND DEMERITS 62
7. APPLICATIONS 63
8. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 64
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE 66
BIBLIOGRAPHY V
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE PAGENO:
1.1 EMBEDDED SYSTEMS 2
4.1POWER SUPPLY 11
4.3VOLTAGE REGULATORS 13
4. 5CAPACITIVE FILTER 14
II
4.19 PIN DIAGRAM OF LCD 35
4.25GPRS MODULE 48
5.5 UPLOADING 54
5 .6 SERIAL MONITOR 56
III
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE PAGE NO:
1. DESCRIPTION OF STACK POINTER 33
IV
BIBLIOGRAPHY
[1] “W. A. Jury and H. J. Vaux, ―The developing worldwide water emergency: Managing
shortage and struggle between water users,‖ Adv. Agronomy, vol. 95,pp. 1–76, Sep. 2007."
[2] "X. Wang, W. Yang, A. Wheaton, N. Cooley, and B. Moran, ―Efficient enlistment of
optical and IR pictures for programmed plant water push appraisal, ‖Comput. Electron. Agricult.,
vol. 74, no. 2, pp. 230–237, Nov. 2010."
[3] "G. Yuan, Y. Luo, X. Sun, and D. Tang, ―Evaluation of a harvest water push record for
recognizing water worry in winter wheat in the North China Plain,‖ Agricult. Water Manag., vol.
64, no. 1, pp. 29–40, Jan. 2004."
[4] "S. B. Idso, R. D. Jackson, P. J. Pinter, Jr., R. J. Reginato, and J. L. Hatfield, ―Normalizing
the anxiety degree day parameter for natural variability,‖Agricult. Meteorol., vol. 24, pp. 45–55,
Jan. 1981."
[5] "Y.Erdem, L.Arin, T.Erdem, S.Polat, M.Deveci, H.Okursoy, and H. T. Gültas, ―Crop water
stretch file for surveying water system planning of trickle inundated broccoli (Brassica oleracea
L. var. italica),‖Agricult. Water Manag. vol. 98, no. 1, pp. 148–156, Dec. 2010."