Engineering = Problem Solving!

Engineering makes life Comfortable!

Dr. Siddharth G. Shah,

Professor & Head, Civil engg dept
Contents of the presentation
 What is Engineering? Definition
 science v/s Engineering
 Classification & Brief about each
engineering discipline
 World without engineers!
 History
 What engineers do

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 Definition of Engineering
Engineering is the application of scientific, economic,
social, and practical knowledge in order to invent,
design, build, maintain, research, and improve
structures, machines, devices, systems, materials,
and processes.
OR
The profession in which knowledge of the mathematical
and natural sciences, gained by study, experience,
and practice, is applied with judgment to develop
ways to use, economically, the materials and forces of
nature for the benefit of mankind.
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 The discipline of engineering is extremely
broad, and encompasses a range of more
specialized fields of engineering, each with a
more specific emphasis on particular areas of
applied science, technology and types of
application.
 The term Engineering is derived from the
Latin ingenium, meaning "cleverness" and
ingeniare, meaning "to contrive, devise".

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SCIENCE vs. ENGINEERING
SCIENCE
 Analysis: ask questions, look
for patterns, develop
knowledge
 Produce knowledge
 Characteristic activity:
research ( learn about nature)
 Study of what is
 Tryscience.org
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci
ence
 taken from ― Engineering: How is it
related to Science ,Technology, math,
and Society?‖ – Dr. Alexander Flueck.
Illinois Institute of Technology
ENGINEERING
 Synthesis: integrate bits of
knowledge to create
something new
 Produce processes and
things (part of technology)
 Characteristic activity:
creative design
 Study of what never was
 Tryengineering.org
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Engineering
What are Some Types of
Engineering?
 Just as science is divided into separate
fields such as biology, chemistry and
physics, engineering is divided into a
variety of disciplines. The five largest
engineering disciplines are chemical,
civil, electrical, industrial and
mechanical. Engineers within all of
these disciplines can work in product-
oriented companies, government, or
academia.
 Automobile

Mechanical
Industrial

Aerospace
Production

Chemical
Engg

Civil

Engineering Branches Instrumentation &

Development Conrol engg

Computer
Electrical engineering
Electronics &
communication
Electronics

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 Civil Engineering The design and
construction of buildings, dams,
water supply & treatment and
carrying systems, Collection of
waste water its treatment air
pollution controls, and
transportation systems are the
responsibilities of civil
engineers. Subheadings of civil
engineering include: geotechnical,
environmental, structural,
transportation, materials, and
project management.

http://www.engr.utexas.edu/wep/Precollege/Whats_engineering/engineering_disciplines.htmr
 Structural Earthquake

Bridge engineering

Geotechnical Engg
Foundation & Tunnels

Road & highways

Civil
Transportation Traffic Engg

Railway engg
Environment Engg/
Water supply Drainage
Docs & Harbour

Agriculture/Irrigation
Airpot Engg
Town & County Planning

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Civil & Environment
Basic Skills & Behavior

 You should like drawing, materials, maths & physics.

 You should be outspoken, able to work in team and
like to move around during working times.

1. Are you interested in building making.

2. Have you ever think how this can be done after
seeing a building ?
3. Do you like to make different things in different
shapes.
4. Do you ever think how can we handle pollution.
Civil & Environment
What you study

Design Structure Irrigation Planning

Town Planning Transportation Engineering

 Indian Projects : Civil Engineers
Required
1. Golden Qaudrilateral: Express way connnectivity to all metro cities
2. 100 Smart Cities: It means, housing, commercial complex, ele
ctricity supply, water supply, drainage, solid waste manageme
nt, sewage treatment, road connectivity etc
3. Bullet Train: new tracks, bridges, crossings, road over bridges-ROB
s, its control operation,
4. Intelligent toll booth: along with computer/electronics dept sen
sors & cameras to detcte the toll from HSRP number plate etc
:
5. Vishwakarma yojna, Jyoti Gram yojan, Pradhna matnri sadak
yojna, Inerlinking of rivers & many more…
 Civil Engineer

Consultancy: solving problems of field with expertise- Field work: Teaching

Execution of job on career
office job
site

Desinger:
Water
supply
scheme Execution
of
Town building,
Valuer/ plannig Safety/Q
Dam
Environm Structure Foundati uality
filling up Road/can Bridge,
ent audit Designer on expert control &
tenders al/railway Canal,
testing
/pipe line pipe
allignmen lines,
t towers
MOST DEMANDING ENGINEERS IN NEXT 15-20 YEARS!
MOST DEMANDING ENGINEERS IN NEXT 15-20 YEARS!
 Civil & Environment
Who hire you
Private companies: Government & Semi Governme
nt companies
 City level: Sheth builders, • NTPC , ONGC, HPCL, BPCL,
Jalaram developers etc IOC,NPCIL etc
 State level, Krunal • Central Road Research
construction, Ranjeet Institute –CRRI,
construction etc GERI,ISRO,SERC etc
 National level:Tata • PWD, R & B, GWSSB,
Consultnacy Servieces, SAIL Municipality-Urban
, Essar Constructions authorities:VUDA, AUDA
Limited,Hindustan etc,
construction,Simplex
construction
 Multi national Companies:
LARSEN & TOUBRO LTD,
Civil & Environment
Learning Environment

7
Civil & Environment
Learning Environment

7
Civil & Environment
Learning Environment

7
 Agricultural Engineering
 Agricultural engineering focuses on:
 Soil and water
 Structures and environment
 Electrical power and processing
 Food engineering
 Power and machinery

21
Mechanical Engineering Engineers within
this discipline tend to focus on one of three
aspects of mechanical engineering; design,
manufacturing, or energy/power. Cars,
airplanes and toys are just a few of the
areas in which mechanical engineers work.
Industrial Engineering
 Industrial engineers design, install, and
improve systems that integrate people,
materials, and machines to improve
efficiency.

23
Automobile Engineering:
This deals with design of automobliiles i.e car,
scooter, bus trcuk and other all amchines
Aesthetics
1. Efficiency
2. Safety
3. Speed
4. Comfort
5. Power
6. Low Maintainance
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 Aerospace Engineering :
Aerospace engineers design, analyze,
model, simulate, and test aircraft,
spacecraft, satellites, missiles, and
rockets. Aerospace technology also
extends to many other applications of
objects moving within gases or liquids.
Examples are golf balls, high-speed
trains, hydrofoil ships, or tall buildings
in the wind. Aerospace engineers are
typically specialists in fields with fancy
names such as aerodynamics,
propulsion, navigation, flight testing,
and more.

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 It deals with electricity,
magnetism, and light and
how it is used. Electrical
engineers are found in a
variety of companies
including the computer,
communications, and
automotive industries.
http://www.engr.utexas.edu/wep/Precollege/Whats_engineering/engineering_disciplines.htmr
Computer and Electrical
Engineering
 The world’s business is centered
around computers, and their uses are
only increasing
 Electrical is the largest branch of
engineering
 Involved in:
 Communication Systems
 Computers and Automatic Controls
 Power Generation and Transmission
 Industrial Applications
27
Computer scientists and
engineers are involved in the
development of both hardware
and software for computers.
They work on computer-
related systems like CD-
ROMs, modems and monitors,
as well as cutting-edge
projects including robotics and
virtual reality systems.
http://www.engr.utexas.edu/wep/Precollege/Whats_engineering/engineering_disciplines.htmr
 Biomedical Engineering This is an interdisciplinary
field combining mechanical, electrical, and chemical
engineering to study the human body. Biomedical
Engineers study biology and medicine to develop
technologies related to health care. They develop
medical diagnostic machines, medical instruments,
artificial organs, joint replacement parts, and
prosthetic devices.

http://www.engr.utexas.edu/wep/Precollege/Whats_engineering/engineering_disciplines.htmr
 Chemical Engineering :
Chemical Engineers use their
knowledge of physics, chemistry,
and biology to discover and
manufacture better plastics,
paints, fuels, fibers, medicines,
fertilizers, semiconductors, paper,
and all other kinds of chemicals,
by carrying out chemical
reactions and purifications.

http://www.engr.utexas.edu/wep/Precollege/Whats_engineering/engineering_disciplines.htmr
Environmental Engineering
Keeping the water, air and soil
healthy are the responsibilities of
environmental engineers. To
accomplish this goal they deal
with issues including waste
management, pollution control
and irrigation.
Petroleum Engineering Petroleum
engineers study the earth to find oil and
gas reservoirs. They design oil wells,
storage tanks, and transportation
systems. They supervise the
construction and operation of oil and
gas fields. Petroleum engineers are
researching new technologies to allow
more oil and gas to be extracted from
each well. They help supply the world's
need for energy and chemical raw
materials.
Petroleoum engineering = CIVIL (geotechnical + off
shore)+ MECH+ELECTRICAL+COMP
 Energy engineering = CIVIL+
MECH+ELECTRICAL+COMP + IC +
ELECTRONICS

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 World Without
Engineering?

 What would the world be like without

engineers?

 Look at the following comics and

figure out what engineers do!

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The World Without Engineers MECHANICAL/
AEROSPACE ENGINEERING!

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The World Without Engineers
CIVIL ENGINEERING!

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 ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION
The World Without Engineers
ENGINEERING!

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 ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING!

The World Without Engineers

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 ELECTRONICS/ACOUSTIC ENGINEERING!

The World Without Engineers

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 CIVIL/ TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING!

The World Without Engineers

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 ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING!

The World Without Engineers

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42
Getting Started
 Prehistoric Culture
 Our Computer Age
 The Speed of History
 Quick Overview

43
The Beginnings of Engineering
 The Earliest Days
 Egypt and Mesopotamia

44
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ANCIENT ENGINEERING the Temples of Greece

46
ANCIENT ENGINEERING :
Roman Roads and Aqueducts

47
ANCIENT ENGINEERING
The Great Wall of China

48
Traveling Through the Ages
 1200 B.C. – A.D. 1
 Quality of wrought iron is improved
 Swords are mass produced
 Siege towers are perfected
 Greeks develop manufacturing
 Archimedes introduces mathematics in
Greece
 Concrete is used for arched bridges, roads
and aqueducts in Rome.

49
Traveling Through the Ages:
A.D. 1-1000
 Chinese further develop the study of
mathematics
 Gunpowder is perfected
 Cotton and silk manufactured

50
Traveling Through the Ages:
1000-1400
 Silk and glass industries continue to
grow
 Leonardo Fibinacci, a medieval
mathematician, writes the first Western
text on algebra

51
Traveling Through the Ages:
1400-1700
 First toilet is invented in England
 Galileo constructs a series of telescopes,
with which he observes the rotation about
the sun
 Otto von Guerick first demonstrates the
existence of a vacuum
 Issac Newton constructs first reflecting
telescopes
 Boyle’s Gas Law, stating pressure varies
inversely with volume, is first introduced.

52
Traveling Through the Ages:
1700-1800
 Industrial Revolution begins in Europe
 James Watt patents his first steam
engine
 Society of Engineers, a professional
engineering society, is formed in London
 First building made completely of cast
iron built in England

53
Traveling Through the Ages:
1800-1825
 Machine automation is first introduced in
France
 First railroad locomotive is designed and
manufactured
 Chemical symbols are developed, the
same symbols used today (Au, He)
 Single wire telegraph line is developed

54
Traveling Through the Ages:
1825-1875
 Reinforced concrete is first used
 First synthetic plastic material is created
 Bessemer develops his process to
create stronger steel in mass quantities
 First oil well drilled in Pennsylvania
 Typewriter is perfected

55
Traveling Through the Ages:
1875-1900
 Telephone is patented in the US by
Alexander Graham Bell
 Thomas Edison invents the light bulb
and the phonograph
 Gasoline engine developed by Gottlieb
Daimler
 Automobile introduced by Karl Benz

56
Traveling Through the Ages:
1900-1925
 Wright brothers complete first sustained
flight
 Ford develops first diesel engines in
tractors
 First commercial flight between Paris
and London begins
 Detroit becomes center of auto
production industry

57
Traveling Through the Ages:
1925-1950
 John Logie Baird invents a primitive
form of television
 The VW Beetle goes into production
 First atomic bomb is used
 The transistor is invented

58
Traveling Through the Ages:
1950-1975
 Computers first introduced into the
market, and are common by 1960
 Sputnik I, the first artificial satellite, put
into space by USSR
 First communication satellite—Telstar—
is put into space
 The U.S. completes the first ever moon
landing

59
Traveling Through the Ages:
1975-1990
 The Concord is first used for supersonic
flight between Europe and the U.S.
 Columbia space shuttle is reused for
space travel
 First artificial heart is successfully
implanted

60
Traveling Through the Ages:
1990-Present
 Robots travel on Mars
 The ―Chunnel‖ between England and
France is finished
 GPS is used to predict and report
weather conditions, as well as many
other consumer applications

61
Engineers are Inventors!

 Engineers use science and math to solve

real world problems!
 What are some of the types of engineers
you’ve heard of?
 Possibly:
 Chemical, electrical, mechanical, software, civil,
biomedical, and environmental. AND MANY
MORE!
Look around you, virtually every manmade
contraption you see was conceived of and
created by an engineer!
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 The Engineering Design
Process Loop
Redesign
Identify the
Present Your Problem
Design

Research the
Test and Modify Problem
Design

Construct an Find Possible

Initial Design Solutions
Select
One Solution
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You will be an Engineer!
 Throughout this curriculum, you will answer:
 1. What is the problem that we have?
 2. What can you find out about the problem?
 3. What ideas are there already out there that could
help us solve the problem?
 4. How can you use those ideas to determine a
solution?
 5. What would your design look like?
 6. Build and test it. Does your design work?
 7. Show others!
 8. Make it better!

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