Now at your distributor •

RF LINEAR
AMPLIFIER
BIG . .. with a husky. go-places power rating of 1500 walts PEP . •.
SMALL. .. only a foot across the front-less than one-and·a-half feet in depth !
No space problem here-these are true "table-top" dimensions.
Fine looking- modern industrial designer styling- fi nished in durable,
attractive light colors. Bl endswell with existing equipment.
Features and features •.•
Full bandswitching 80-40-20-15 and 10 meters • pi network output · stable, efficient
grounded gr id ci rcui t ry · Power input rating, 1500 watts PEP SSB • 1000 watts CW
• 400 watts AM • can be driven by exci ter s in the 65-150 watt category, GSB· IOO
and similar unit s ' Low cost Type 81lA tubes used in amp li fier · long life sil icon
rectif iers replace ol der vacuum tube rect ifiers in high voltage po we r supply •
An t enna cha ngeover relay is built i n • pa nel switch allows tu ne up at low po wer
50
• full vision pane l instrument is swi tc hable to i ndicate amplifie r plate current or
relati ve RF output - Dimension s, 8th " high, 12 ~ '" wide, 17" deep.
Model #3340

GO N SET Division o/YoungSpring & W ire Corporation

601 SOU T H ...... I N 'I T. , B U RB ... NK , C"' L I~ O R N I'"

EXPORT SA.L ES : WES TREX COR P . , S AO WEST 5 8 TH ST, NEW YORK 19 , N . Y.

 ou can't mi~~ earin t i~!

• .- . - • -
e--:-e
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. , .. •
•

TRANSMITTER for 6 & 2

•• .185 Watts of Solid "Talk Power"Tops the Band!

Again ...
Clegg Labo ratories hrin gs VHF'ers a new power packed performer .. . A new
beaut y that's gua ranteed to produce more ca rrier outpu t and a higher level
of modulati on power than any other commerciall y b uilt VHF amateu r t ran s-
mitter now a vai la ble. •
Pu t a Zeus on 6 am) 2 and wat ch the QSO's roll in . If you like DX. listen
to this ! - You'll ha ve 185 solid walls on both. A, r aud C\\' , , , aud you'l l
have automatic modulati on control that will act ually let you "out-talk" m all Y
kilowatt rigs!
CHECK THESE FEATURES AND SEE WHY A NEW ZEUS
WILL PUT YOUR CALL ON THE "MOST WANTED LIST"
• H igh Level Plat e a nd Screen Modulati on • Two U n i t Co ns t r u c t io n with R e mote
• H i ~ h l y Efficient T ype 703·l Final Amplifi er Mo dulator and Powe r Supp l y Conserves
Sp ace at O per at ing Positi on
• Self-Conta ined Stahle VFO
Amate ur :"et Pr-ice: Only $595. Compl etel y
• Built-In Autom atic :Modulat ion Con trol wire d an d tested with all tube s. ~l odul ator,
• Simple nand Switching and Tune-Up P ower Sup p ly, "FO, ca b les, etc.

"LASORA TOR I ES
RT. 5 3 , MT. TABOR , N . J . • OAkwood 7-6800

A sk your Cle g f{ Distri butor ( listed l,elow) lor full in /orm ation. Jl(!'U b e ~ [a d 10 ser ue y ou .
Ca lilorn io Ma ryla nd Ohio
Henry Ra dio, los Ang e lu , Severns, Hemel Key Electronics , W hea la n u elve n el Service, Col umbuS"
S ' ernber g~, Iee., Cincinn at i
Cannecfi cut Ma n o c h u~e "~
Kau fman Elec tronics, Bridgeport De Ma mbro Ra dio Supply, Boston Ok lah oma
Dela ware Michigan Radio, te e. , Tulsa
Delawa re Electron ics Su p., W ilmington Purcha se Ra dio Sup ply, Ann Arbor Pf!'nnly lvania
Florida Radio Pa rts, Inc" Gr a nd Rapi ds Tyd ings Company, Pitll burgh
Ama teur Ra dio Center, Inc" Mia mi Missouri Eu gene G. Wil e , Phila del phia
Eleetre ei e Eq ui pme nt Company, tnc. , Miomi Henry Ra d io, Buller South Caroli na
Wo lter Ashe , St. touil Oi .i e Ra d io Supply Company, SUm lf!'f
Ind ia na
Brown Oilt rib ulors , Fort Wayn e New Me.ico Sce tb Da kato
Von Sidl e Ra d io Supply" I nd ianapali ~ Cor Pa rll Depot, ROlwe ll Ookala Supp ly, Ya nk ton
Iowa Vo lle y Eng ineer ing , l o~ A l a m o~ Virgi nia
W orld Radio, Council Blu As New JerJey Key Electronics, Arli ngton
Ka nSOI Fed erat ed Pu rcha ser, Mountoinside W a lh inglon
Acme Ra d io & T. V., Hutchi nso n New Yor k Ra dio Su pply Company, Seattle
Termina l Elect ron." , New York
Harr ison Rad io Corp. , New York

MAY 1961 I
 1000 KC 10
137 MC-.Ol%
TOLERANCE

Wire mounted , plate d crystals for use by amateurs and experi -

m enters where tolerances of .01% a re perm iss ibl e and wide-
r ange temperatu res a rc not encountered .
Just any crystal in any oscillator will NOT combine to produce
spo t frequencies. These crystals are designed to operate into
a 32 mmf load on their fundamenta l between 1000 kc and 15000
kc. Over tone cr ystals operate at an ti-resonance on 3rd mode
and se ries r esona nce on 5th and 7th m ode crysta ls.
• HOLDERS: Metal, hermet ica lly sealed. FA-S a nd FA-9 ore HC/6U
pin type while the FM·9 is a n He/ 18U pin type.
• FREQUENCIES (Specify crystal type a nd fre quency whe n ordering. )

FA·S and FA·9 Price FM·9 Pric e

- 1000 - 1499 kc $ 5.75 Not available
Fundamenta l 1500 - 1799 kc $ 4.95 Not available
1800 - 1999 kc $ 4.40 Not ava ilable
•
2000- 9999 kc $ 3.30 8000 - 9999.999 ke $ 5.00
10000 - 14999 ke $ 4.40 10000 - 15000 ke $ 5.50
15000 ·20000 ke $ 5.50 15001 · 19999.999 ke $ 6.50
10· 14.99 me $ 4.40 Not available
I
Over tone (3rdl 15 - 29.99 me $ 3.30 20 - 39.99 me $ 5.00
30 · 59.99 me s 4.40 40- 59.99 me s 5.50
60 - 75 .99 me $ 4.95 [
-60 - 89.99 me $ 6.50
,

Overtone 15t h) 76· 99.99 me s 7.15 90-100 me s 8.50

Not available 101 · no me $10.00
Overtone (7th) 100 - 137 me s 9.35 Not available I
Overtone crystals a r e calibrated on thei r overtone frequency .
They are valuable for receiver-converter applications a nd are
NORMALLY NOT UT ILIZED IN TRANSM ITTERS , si n ce
only a small a mou nt of power IS available under s ta ble oper-
ating conditions.
• CALIBRATION TOLERANCE : ± .01% of nominal at 30 ° C.
• TEMPERATURE RANGE : _ 4 0 ° 10 + 70 0
C. ± .01 % of freq -
uen cy 01 30 ° C .

• DRIVE LEVEL : Recommended. maximum 3 milliwalh for ove rtones;

up to 80 mill iw al h for fvnd cmentols, d e pending on frequency .

2 73 MAGAZINE
73 Magazine May 1961
Vol. I, No. 8
1379 East 15th Street
Brooklyn 30, N. Y.
Table of Contents
G4 Zed Smith Hartland Smith W8VVD . 9
A trf-bandee wi thout ]"lI'linJ/: coils or t r a ps; c u n lie tun ed (rom the s h a c k !
Feed/ine Economy W illiam Roberts W9HOV 18
Open·wire line j u"t mny h ('(' ll m ~ l"'I, u la r lI~lI i ll IICt('r y ou r ead t h is one.
Propagation Special Foature Dave Brown K21GY . . . .. .. . . . . . . 20
Taking a look at s u ni'lJlo t nu rnb ora w ith an eye to lll'e,li('it io n s.
Testing the KT-200 Receiver Allie C. Peed K2DHA . . . . . . . . .. 22
Next mon th we ha ve some uf Bill O r- r ts idea s (01' mudifyin~ this receiver.
Ham Calendar R. M. Case K4YNO . .. .... ... 25
Just what we've been needing, Shou ld g o n icely w ith 8 35 hour clock.
Build a Vary-Volt Joseph Leeb W2WYM . . . . . . . . . . 26
A piece o f test equ ip m e nt t ha t is worth its w~igh t in snm cth i ng or other.
Moonstruck Dave Bell W8GUE/6 28
E YE'Witness account.
Moon C hart Bill Ashby K2TK N . . . . . . . . . .. 31
H o w to get radio s ig na ls ba c k f rom the moon, reduced to a c ha rt.
Sideb and Exciter Angel Fernandez W 2N QS . . . . . . . 32
W ha t. with Turret constt-ue t io n an,1 a s im p le c irc uit yo u may try this o n e.
Testing the Knight GDO Steve Abrams W2 0 KU 35
Porsche-pushing- h am tests Knhtht G DO, likes it , t ells a ll .
Propagation Charts Dave Brown K21GY . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
W ha t time to whe r e , w hrn on what bands Ilrobllbl y.
Custom Resistors Roy E. Pafenb erg .... .. .. ... 38
H ow to m ove pt-eci sion r es is t o r s to the valu e you need.
AC Calibration of your VOM William Bentley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
W e' ll be giving you m o r e a n d mo r e o n p r eci si on and calibration .
Ohms by the Yard . '" ' Jim Kyle K5JKX/6 . . . . .. .. . . 41
This ties in w ith the precis ion res is tors on page 38.
Blowers Melvin Leibowitz W3KET . . . . . . .. 42
W h a t s ize b lower you nero to keep a cool riJ~·.

How Low The Fi Staff . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . .. . 44

Our technical erttc te : e xamin ing the a u d io s tag es o f you r receive r .

Misc.: Stall:
Ie ble o f C o ntents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3 ed itor-publisher . W a yne Green W2NSD
Edito rie l 4 publicatio ns mo nage r _ Da vid Fish
Subscript io n Rete s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
essocie te ed it o r Don Smith W3UZN
H ig h Volte qe Insula t io n for Me te rs 21
C lub Subscri ptic ns . . . . . . . .. 30 e ssociete ed it or J im Kyle K5JKXj6
O uid e nd Cheap , .. .. .. .. 37 associ ate edi tor M ~rvin li pton VE3 DQX
Improve d Mete r Accu-ecv 49 essccie te editor , C ha rles Spitz W 4API
l ette rs 5I sa les re prese ntative J im Mo rrissett WA6EXU
Map s Ma ps Maps Ma ps Mtl p s Ma ps Maps 52
H e m H ead line s . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. 55 3rd e ssiste nt vice -p re sid e nt . . J c hn Peterson W A2F MF
AF MAR S Te chnice ! Bro tl d ctl sts . . . . . . . ... 55 ph otoq re pher , J oe Sch imm el W2Q DM
Pub lic [nlo rmeti on Fi e ld Day . .... . ....... 56 subscript ions. . . . .. Mrs. W ayne ( Virg inia I Gr een
$65 Sid e b e nci Tra nsceive r 57 t -a nsportetio n Pc eseh e
O th e r Hem Publicat ion s . . . . . .. . . . . .. 59
Ad ve rtising Ind e x _ 62 pr inting ... .... Ye Old e O 'briene Pre sse

COVER: Segm ent of Netione ! NC -270 Dial.

73 !ol • •• Inll' Ia publ lah«l month lJ' bJ' Am.teur Radi o P ubl iJh inll. I n... . 11 6 )I .lr~ l? trf'f'1. .s"rw.lk . Co nne<'tl.cu t. ~~llne!1 om ee . 13.9 F:II~
l ;,th I"~f? .. t. Brookl)'n 30 . .s _ 'I' ..... k . T II'I" I' ho" ,, : in: 6 _S ~"Il . ~ub...,. lptl on n h'~ : 1 . 1"..\ . and ro::,".' " ll on s. .\10 . 1'1 U. 1.. 'lll a,b and ~1 eJ: l ro.
13 00 t yea.. $5 00 ' three J'..... $1 00 Fore lln ' one y...r $~ OO ' t.." J'u n $, .00 !'ero"" ·I'I... polt a l e rald .t N.......U••
~ln~·I~ u t . Pri nt:: In t he U.S .A . . :Atl r. conl e n·l.I •OOPJtllhl ' 19111 b J' A m .t e ~r R . d i o I'u blllhlnil. tne. Peurnllter : Pie... ..04 forti!
i51t to 13 ' )l&llulno. 1319 Ean 15t h Str ~l. Brooklyn 30 . :-;'lI'I' '1'<>111. .

3
MAY 196 1
 • • • de W2NSD
More Congrat ulations
A re in orde r . You fellows are without a
doubt the liveliest group of mag-azine readers
ever a ssembled. You've not only been brain-
\v a shing our advert isers with information re-
quests, but you've been sending them checks
with abandon. It is qui te a pleasure for me,
a s chi ef adverti sing sa lesm a n, to call adver -
ti sers and find that I don't have to suggest
t hat maybe next month things will pick up a
bit. 'Vh en I call they sell ?JUl. They mu st be
ex ag ger a t ing a bit when they sa y that they're
getting a s good results from advertis ing in
73 a s they do fr om magazines with twice or
three t imes the circulation. I like t o hear it,
but I don't really believe it. You aren't work-
ing that hard, are you?
The post ca r d we bound in th e la st issue
gave me some wear)' ni ght s clipping all those
informat ion req uests out and sor t ing them for
the adverti sers. It also gave me some terrifi-
cally effective ammunition for shoot ing down
some of t h e more reluctant prospective ad-
vertisers. There are s t ill some well known ham
manufa cturers con spicuous by their absence
as su p por te rs of the magazine. A few of t he
readers, noticing this absence, requested in-
for mation from mis si ng advertisers. Thi s is
probably a much better advertising s a les talk
than the on e t hat I have been u sing, wh ich
draws more on their heartstrings than their
bu s in ess acumen.
Three in One
The Totah ARC of Farmington, N.M. have
di scovered an unusual spot for a DXpedition.
Look fo r 'em on the bands on May 27-28 oper-
ating from th e junction of the W5-\V7-\V¢ call
areas, wh ich is also t he meeting poi nt for four
states . Your QSL will bring you a colorful
certi fic ate .
Too Many Ads
\Ve r eall y shou ld have put in a few more
pages this month, but we're s till t r ying to
work our way out of the difficulti es and ex-
pense of moving our office to new larger (and
just a s ugly) quarters. So bear with u s for a
little lon ger a s we try to get this thing on an
eve n keel. we've got a lot of interesting st uff
in preparation for you. Two meter ops will be
4 13 MAGAZINE
(never say die)
pretty excited over the new mobile (and fixed
st a tion ) a ntenna we've g ot coming. Thi s one
seems to have a lot of advantages over the
halo. Sidebanders will like our coming tra ns-
ceiver. Then we have a 21\'1 transceiver too . . .
and it can mostly be built from junk parts
from old TV sets or FM sets . P lu s allsor ts of
sma ll projects.
FCC Actions
The Maritime Mobile Amateur Radio Club
ha s petitioned the FCC for a very long over-
due modification of t he regulations to permit
l\! :\l st a t ions to use 20 meters world-wide and
al so 40 meters while in North and South
A me r ican waters. This is particularly im-
por t a nt in view of t he rapidly deteriorating
ba nd conditions which are leaving the ten and
fifte en meter bands high and dry and about
a s u seful a s two meters. Let's hope that this
proposal goes right through without t he usual
t h ree year battle.
Phoenix May 26-29
Virgi nia and I are looking forward to meet-
ing a s many of you a s possible at t he big
Kla tch in Phoenix this month, This will be a
combination subscr iptio n gathering e xpedition
and honeymoon for u s . . . in case you missed
the not too cryptic n ot e on page three la st
mon th . If you're within driving or flying di s-
tance this extended weekend sh ind ig will make
a fine vacation for you.
In add ition to lots of equipment displays you
will get a chance to h ea r S enator Barry Gold-
water (ex 6BPI) , Bill Orr 'V6SA I, Leo Earn-
sh a w ZL2AAX, Don Stoner \V6TNS, \Ves
Schum W9D YV, Merrill Swan W 6AE E , and
other int er est ing spea ker s.
Drop a line quickly to K7A \ VI , Box 7 155,
Phoenix, Arizona for all the details, or else
show up on the 26th and join the fun. It's at
t he w estward H o H ot el. And wow do they
have prizes lined up for you!
W ise Words for W eary Writers
No matter what t he Boy in t he Ba ck Room
sa ys, $20 in the hand is worth a lot more than
$40 in the bu sh. when you subm it an articl e
to 73 you either get it back or you get a check
. . . and with no on e, two or three year wait.
 Mil tOll s e
3909 H! arI1ey
£; p en Vi e ... Rd •
• eCl".la
, IllJ:no.11i

gO-WATT CW
TRANSMITTER- NEW!
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Kit $79 .95
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" Top Dual i ty " _ ELECTRONIC
KITS GUI DE. Ideal for ve teran or
TRANSMITTER
# 723
Kit $49.95
Wired $79.95
Ideal for novice or advanced ham
I
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Single and
novice . 90W CW, 65W exte rna l
plate modulation. 80 t hrough 10
needing low-power , stand-by rig.
60WCW, SOW exte rnal plate moo-
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mete rs . I utancn. 80 t hrough 10 meters. I From Kit $59.95 Wired $89.95
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Kit $49.95 Wired $79.95 I # 710 I lttf) 1;1
Delivers SOW undtstort ed aud io. , Kit $29.95 Wired $49.95 , l; \. & · UNI·PRO BE:ID ~
Modulat es tra nsmitters having In cludes complet e se t of coil s ~ P iD Kit S29.95 '"
RF inputs up t o lOOW. Unique I f or full band cove rage. Cont i nu- I '
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Wi red $129.50
Kit $79.95
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Wi red $1 09.95
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Wi red $39.95
TV-FM SWEE P GENERAT OR
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# 425 Kit $44.95 Wi red $79.95 I Kit $34.95 Wired $49.95 Kit $69.95 Wi red $11 9.95
I
EICO , 3300 N. Blvd. , L.I.C. 1, N. Y. I '.' ' 731)
o Send free Catalog & name of I Name ..

~~~~~ti~:~:~~~;~g~~iiJe for I Address .

36·page STEREO HI·FJ GUIDE : I
2Sc enclosed for posta ge I City Zone State .
& handlin g. I Add 5% in the Wf1I .

ENCINEERS: Exce l lent car eer oppor t unit ies in creat ive el ectronics design. Write t o th e Chie f Engineer.

MAY 1961 5

b 1$ k>"l
STRENGTH
o Feedbac k
z THR EE REASONS WHY
YOUR BEST BUY IS ...
E-ZWAY
Sot1Q.ttL\60~
I torized GDO by W3KET, B ulld-Save- Learn-
...
I-
E·Z WAY AERO-DYNAMIC
d esi gn d ec r ea ses wind lco d
and . pro vides te le s c o p in g
a ction that per mits rai si n g
, a nd low e ri ng a f tow er s ect io ns .
CRANK UP TO 60 FEET.
DOWN TO 25 FEET and
TIL TS OVER FOR ACCESS
TO ROTOR OR .6 EAM .
STRENGTH IS buit t -i n t o
every E · Z Way T ow er . •. Heavy
wa ll s te el u b ing I" g s , c a n.
ti nuou s dia g o nal br a c in g o f
solid s t eer rod an d e le c t ric.
c a t1 ~ we ld e d thr a ug h o ut. .• . no
lo o s e b2 lts or nu ts he re. E - Z
Way e s ign a nd s tre ng t h a re
you r a ss u ran ce of DEPEND-
ABILITY t hat you ca n cou nt
o n yea r after yea r. See you r
nea rest distribu to r t ad a y or
wr ite for free l it er atur e .
Q The SATellITE
Z Mod e l RBX '60-3P (Po int ed) $335.00
Mode J R BX·60-3G (Ga lva nized) $4 10.00
< MOUNTING kiTS:
IIllI GPK X60-3 (Ground P os t )
- BAK X (Wa ll Bracket)
$125 .00
$17.00
Fr ei ght Prepaid a nywh ere in (48) U.S.A .
E ..Z
P. O. BOX 57b7 • TAMPA 5. FLA.
6 73 MAGAZINE
(Ed itorial from page 4)
It is not even necessary to produce two docto r s
a nd one m ini ster a s evidence t hat you need
immediat e r em uneration. Our Ha ndy Guid e on
How To Sneak Th ing s By The E ditor is a vail-
able a t the bargain pri ce of f ree if you se nd
a self-addr essed sta mped (we 're not on ly la zy ,
we're cheap) envelope. Mark it "Style Sheet"
so you won't be flooded with ditto pri nted trivia
f r om t he ed itor a s promised back in March.
Doggone if you all did n't s ur pr ise me this
time. We had so many articles in the Ma rch
iss ue that th e votes were rather more scat -
tered than usua l. It was , however, n ip and
tu ck all the way a long between the Tr an si s-
H ave Fun by W8VVD. a nd U p Front by the
Staff. The winner by on e lone vote wa s
W8 VVD who gets a check f or another 50 %
payment on hi s article a s a r ewa rd fo r your
enthus ia sm. \V3KET made second, pr ovi ng
agai n t hat tran si sto r s are of great interest.
T he Kyle All Ba nd Antenna placed 4th and
Ig nit ion In t er f eren ce p laced 5th. All had h eavy
voting.
The combinati on voting card a nd readers'
ser vice card in the April issue ha s grea tly in-
creased th e voting. To date, with on ly a f ew
hu ndred cards in, Nuvistor Converter by
K8 BYN and No ise Limi ter by K5JKX / 6 are
neck and neck at about 200 votes each. Not too
fa r beh in d is th e big techn ical article again.
This seems to make one of the top spots each
month , gue ss we' ll have to continue t he ser ies
and mayhe r un t wo pe r issu e eventually.
Tea l' t he card out of th is issue and send it in
r ight away. This will ser ve sever al purposes:
your magaizne will be easier to r ead with that
confounded ca r d torn out; we'll fi nd out how
you feel a bout t he arti cles in thi s issue a nd be
governed accordi ngly; and our ad vertisers will
ex pectantly se nd you whatever literature or
ca ta logs you r equ est . If the response is go od
th ey may buy you more pages of Magazine for
next month. . .. \V2N SD
Subscription Rates
Whi le we do not cons ider a subsc r ip -
t ion blank a n absolute necessity for
st a r t ing or r enewi ng your subscr iption,
it may simplif y matters fo r you . We have
bound one in hi s issue so it is not neces-
sa r y to rip your copy of 73 a ll to shr eds .
Rates: $3 per year; $5 two years; DX
oper ators $4 per year. Back issues : 50¢
each. Subscriptions s tart f r om cu rren t
issue only.
 •

at
AMER ICAN GElOSD v.r.o.'s
Wind , testee, ul iltnted, ready
for use . Mod, 4/104 fir driving
one 801 Of 6146 final in AM or
CW under Class " C" tDall iti ons. 2 & 6 METER
Mod . 4/1 02 for dri,in, two 801's
or 614&' s fina l. Has 5 bands.
CONVERTERS
Crysul Controlled
•
,•
......
Suppl ied wi th Mo d. 1640
dial ass',. Olin : over 30 db ~..~""",,~
:Solie FII:ure : better than t db
Mod. 4/103 for 144-148 me:
bands. Comb ines vro prim ar)' T ube L ineup : ;! meter Comerter hu new, Imported 6E88 h1llh
t... freq . of 18 me wit h xli I ..In . low nolle. eucode h i R F Amp., 6t'S A 2nd RF Amp. &
)Uxer, 6J6 OIC.-)J ultl pll tr ,
fU ;lllamental h ell, of 12 me.
Suppl ied with Mod. 1641 6 meier ceevene r hu 6BSS encode R F Amp and
6l'SA ) l!nr and OfC.
dial ass',. 6 lIlet et>
Conve nt r oomplfte with lube•• nd :ull
Mod . 4/104 , 4/102 or 41103 for 7· 11 or 14-18 me. I F eutpu t In CB·6
less tub es and xtal, each $29.95 Kit for m with Inn ructlona $1 9.95
W ired ~nd tested 527.50

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" Wonder Bar" 10 Meter Anlenna Mod. 4/111 desianed for use
witlt two 8DJ's or 61 46's (il Plf-
As featured In Nov. 1956 QST. Complete with 8 .. W all ell. Frell, Ranft :1.5 to 29.1 JIlC;
3013 Minidudor. Onl, • ft lonl tor 10 meters. Mod, 4/112 is desila ed for use
Wt. 5 Ibs. witll sinlle . 01 or &14&. Handles
Amaleur Nel $7.85 1112 to &0 w, Ranl e: 3.5 ta 29.1 me.
Mod . 4/111 or 4/112, each $4.95
Ver.ante Miniature Tzan.former
Same as used In W2EWL SSB Rlit - Ma;cb
195& QST. Three sets of CT wlndin,s tor
a combination of Impedances: &00 ohms,
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 ANNOUNCES

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NEW ! Temperature compensated crystal oscillator circuits for ex-
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NEW! Increased mike pre-amplifi er gain. Compensates for weak
voices or low output microphones .
NEW! Smooth as silk two speed tuning knob with 5 KC per turn
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COMPLETELY BROAD-BANDED. You tune onl y the VFO . Inher-

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 The
Gee Fou r
Zed Smith
•1 com pact,
light.veight,
rem otely tu ned
tri-ban d beam
Hertlend B. Smith WBVVD
467 PMk Avenu e
Birminghem , Mic higon
OW wou ld you li ke to own a beam with
H t hese important cha racteristics?
1. It is light in weight , u nder 10 pou nds, to
be exa ct.
2. It is st r on g enough to with st and the high
wind s and icin g conditions encou ntered d uring
winter mo nths.
3. The t urni ng radius is less t ha n 11 feet .
4. It has n o t rap s or loading coils, items
wh ich are difficult to design, const r uct a nd ad-
just w ithout extensive lab a nd shop f acilities.
5. E a ch element can be tuned by remote
cont ro l, righ t f rom the shack.
6. It performs sat isfa ctor ily on 14, 21 and
28 me.
7. Best of all, t he cost is surprisi ng ly low.
The a nte nna at my QTH boa sts all of these
important f eatures. The how and why of its
con struction a re set f orth in the f ollowing
paragraphs.
Althoug-h plans f or a great many different
beams h ave a p peared in ham publications dur-
ing the last twent y years, none of these quit e
seemed to fit my needs. The one which came
closest, however, was the G4ZU a nt enn a de-
sc r ibed by Dick Bird in t he RS GB B ulletin,
CQ, R eviet« Teletrrafica, etc. I decided t hat
with a few ch anges a nd mo difications , t he
G4ZU could be mad e to meet ever yone of my
specifica t ions.
Th ose of yo u who a r e un famili a r with the
design and theory of t he G4Z U s hould refer
to Fig. 2 which sho ws a popu lar vers ion of
t hi s ingenious a er ia l. A twin boom su ppor ts
t he elemen ts . The director, cut for the 28 me
MAY 1961
•
"
-
•
Fig. I. You probably can't see the wire dan-
g lers on the end of each element to reduce the
overall size of the G ee Four Zed Smith three
bend bea m.
ba nd , is split a t its ce nter where a 28 me
open quarter wave st ub is connected. The st ub
acts a s a short circuit a t 28 me. Consequently ,
for all practical purposes, the director ap-
pears a s though it isn't sp lit at all. On 21 me,
however, t he st ub is n o longer a shor t circuit.
21 me energy ca nnot j ump t h e gap in the
d irector a nd so it must detour down the boom
to the 21 m e sho r ti ng hal' and t hen proceed
ou t the other leg of the boom to the rest of
the director. That portion of the boom between
t he director a nd th e 21 me shorting bar acts
a s a 1 turn coil wh ich loads the director f or
21 me oper ation. Thus, the director is a ctive
on both t he 28 me and 21 me bands.
T he d riven element is insulated from the
boom and is fed wi th open wire line. I t is an
ord inary dipole a t 21 me. On t he 28 me band
it appears a s two sh ortened collin ea r elements,
while on 14 me it work s a s a sing le short di-
pole.
The 21 me reflector, li ke t he director, is
s plit a t it s center . A 21 me qu arter wave open
s t ub a cts as a short a cr oss the break on 21 me.
A t 14 me, the st ub is no longer effect ive and
so rf energy must detour down the boom to
the 14 me shor ting bar . As with the director,
th is a rrang ement provides a loading effect
which r esonates the r eflector on 14 me.
The beam a ct s a s a two element affair on
20 meters with a radiator and reflector . De-
spite its smaller than normal size for a 20
meter antenna, perf ormance on this band is
qui te good, especiall y if care is exer cised in
the tuning process. On 15 meters, the G4ZU
9
 - •

make up t he balance of the required electrical

length. Strain on the solde r ed joints wa s
28 we. 114 " STUe
minimized by insulating ea ch dangler with
electr-ica l tape for a distance of about 3 inches
,I 21 Me SHORT
DI RECTOR -l$' f r om its as sociated lug and t hen wr a pping
the dangler once around the end of the ele-
ment. To prevent moi sture induced corrosion,

t" 14WC. SHOAT

the entire a rea arou nd t he solde r lug was
well ta pe d. I used ordi nary bare tw isted a n-
tenna wire for the da nglers.

1 Since t he driven element is self resonant

only on 15 meters , a tuned feedline is requ ired
fo r t hree band operation. Rota tion is no prob-
lem if one e nd of a 4 foot length of t ubu lar
sTue
twinlead is connected to th e radiator and the
opposite end is fa stened to a 2 inch open wire
Fig. 2. Stend e rd G4ZU bea m. li ne which r u ns from a point near t he top of
t he m a st down i nto t he shack. Th e tu bula r
performs a s a 3 element beam with a f un lead can twist and sq uir m during' rotation
len gth r eflector and a loaded director. Al- without an)' danger of sh or t ing ou t or signifi-
though only t he radi a tor a nd director would cantly cha nging impedance.
appear to operate at 28 me, the beam is more Don 't wor ry a bout T V I bein g accentuated b y
effective t han an ordinary two eleme nt 10 the open w ire line. The anten na t uner wh ich
meter a erial. According t o G.,lZ U, t his is be- is required by thi s st yle of feeder definitely
cau se a sign ifica nt amount of ga in is con-
tr ibuted by the collin ear configurati on of th e , ,
"'
1".',,'--_.'-v
r a di a tor . Add itional 10 meter di rectivity is j. \""01"
provided by the 20 meter r eflector wh ich acts j
a s a non-resonan t passive elemen t. If you are • to _ ..._ _ _ <>">GO'" Yf/
interested in learn ing more about the t heory
beh ind thi s particular type of beam I sugges t , .., .
...,.-
,
that you cons ult some of the r eferences listed /.. - -... ..' - --l
~ .
\

,t ..-~-
12
·00.... ........
~ ~. ~"" "" -
a t th e end of the a rticle. / ~.-
/
Becau se self-su ppor t ing elements mu st be
fair-ly hu sky, I concl ude d that a st a nda rd " ,._-,_. I
,

1/. .
.~

...--,_....
I

G4ZU wou ld be too heavy for my fl ims y 36 •

f oot dural mast . Conseque nt ly, I built my ver-
* I , <r- ,I ,

,- - /
•
sio n out of in ch aluminum t ubing' held up
L,_.......
.. .......
.. "_,
"-f'..
< ~
'"
by umbrella t ype guys. Although I used half
hard tubing because it was given to me with-
ou t charge, an ST alloy would be preferable
/': -.-
,~ ... . .. .... ...
,
...
- '

since it h a s less tende ncy to take on a perma-
nent be nd in a severe wi nd stor m.
I n order to su ppor t the light w eight ele-
ments, I extended the rotati ng sh a f t a nd ran
guy wires from the top of the sha ft to th e
elements and to the end s of t he boom . The guy
wires were ins ulated with electrical tape
wh ere they touched t he s ha ft a nd the ele-
ments. Th e wires were also broken with plastic
in sula tors to keep them from resonating at
10, 15 or 20 meters. If you e xa m ine Fig. 1
closely, you'll n ot e that the guys tend to g ive
the director and reflector a somewha t bowed
appearance. Since e lement s pa cing is not
critical, the effect on performance of this
slig ht di stortion is in significant.
Even t hough t he longest element of t he
st a ndard G4ZU measures only 2.,& feet, I ha ve
tree problems whi ch won't permit me to swing
a beam of th at size. F or thi s r eason I found
it necessary to kee p the horizontal s pa ns of
t he radiator and r eflector down to 18 feet. I
fa stened solder lugs to each end of these two
elements with sheet metal scr ews. \Vire
danglers were then solde r ed to the lugs to
Fig. 3. Gee Four Zed Sm ith bea m.
discr imin a t es again st harmo nics which m ight
esca pe from t he low pa ss fi lte r at t he output
of the tran smitter. L ine pickup and radi ation
apparently are in significant because, a s the
beam rotates whi le t he receiver is tuned to a
steady s ign a l, t he S me ter dr ops al most to
zero on the end s and to a 10'.... value off the
back.
The driven elem ent may be peaked on any
freq uency in the 14, 21 or 28 me ba nds by
me re ly twi sting a couple of k nobs on t he tuner
which ca n be located near the ope r a t ing posi-
tion in the sha ck. Some other method, however,
m u st be provi ded to remotely adju st the di r ec-
tor a nd r eflector. I chose 1 RPM ti ming motor s
to do the job. T hese are a ctuated by S.,& and
S5, t oggle swit ches mounted on th e panel of
the antenna tuner. Suitable motors are li sted
in a n umber of mail order ba rg-a in f lyer-s . D u-
plica tes of the ones I used ca n be obta ined for
$1.25 each from Her ba ch and Rademan, Inc.,
1204 Arch St., Philadelph ia 7, P a. A sk for
catalog number T ~1 4 21 2X .

10 73 MAGAZINE
 INTERNATIONAL
1961
CATALOG

AMATEURS-
Com plete data on International's all
transistor s u b assem b lies; 6 a nd 2
m eter trans m itt ing an d r ece iv ing gear ;
cry stal con t rolled converters for 75,
40, 20, 15 and 10 meters.
CITIZEN L1CENSEES-
In te rn a tional t ransceivers . accessories
and a n tennas for d ependable 2-W ay
rad io com m u n ica ti on. See Interna-
tional's k it for const r ucting you r own
Cit izens t ransce iver.
EXPERIMENTERS -
P r inted circui t oscillators. RF con-
verters, IF u n its. aud io u n its. tran -
s is to r s u b a s se m b li e s, c r ys t a ls a nd
crystal oven s.

Mo il today for your FREE Catalog!

""'''''''''''''''....'''''' "'w''"'''''''''·:••
lnternationaj Cryst al MI g. Co., Inc .
••
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Se nd Free 1961 Internat iona l Cataloi •••
•
Name _ •••
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MAY 196 1 II

Fig. 4. Plastic le..box d ishes protect th e ele-
ment t uning capa citors a nd motors from rain
a nd snow. 1/4" shafts. sold ered t o th e o ut p ut
q ears of the motors. d rive the ca pacitors via
insulated coup li ngs.
The motors d rive variable capaci tors which
are wired across the open ends of th e director
an d reflector st ubs. T he stu bs , cut from Beld en
type 8275 foam filled 300 ohm tw inlead, are
made somewha t s hor t er than an electrical
qua rt er wave and are t hen load ed by the vari-
able ca pacitors. As these capacito rs a r e t uned,
the resonant fr equ encies of the di rector and
reflector change to a noticeable extent. Since
t he capacitor rotors are not at rf g r ound po-
te ntial, bak eli te or cera mic in su lated shaft
couplers mu st be used bet ween the motor s and
the capacitors.
A capacity of 25 mmfd and a plate s pacin g
of % inch shou ld pr ove sat isf act or y fo r the
st ub capacitors. No arc-over troubles have de-
veloped during two seasons of operati ng at
transmitter power-s of 1000 watts P EP S B
a nd 350 watts AM wh ile us ing capacitors with
these s pecs. Housed in plastic ice box dishes,
the capacitors are mounted as shown in Fig.
4. near t he center of the boom. The exact posi-
tion s of these containers depend on t he lengths
of t he director a nd reflecto r stubs wh ich run
between t heir respective elements and the
motor driven ca pa citors . The st ubs can be su p-
ported below the boom by small st andoffs cut
from tA inc h sheet pla stic.
T a pe t he cont r ol wires fo r t he tu ning mot ors
to the boom and t he sha f t. Allow enoug h slack
in them for rotation and th en run them down
the mast, preferably to the bottom, before t ak-
ing t hem into t he sh ack. This procedu re will
minimize rf pickup on the ac line.
Fig. 5 shows how th e elements are mounted
on the boom and al so how the boom is fa st-
ened to the rotating s huf't. Ordi nary 6-32 bolts
a nd sheet met al scr ews can be used for h ard-
ware, provid ed th ey are dubbed or s pr a yed
with Ru st-Oleum Pr-imer, No. 769, to discour-
age ru st and elec tro lys!s. Also paint t he s pot s
where t he r efl ector, d ir ector and shor t ing bars
contact the boom . Ap ply two coats of good
qua lit y s pa r varn ish to the wood dowels whi ch
act as element in su lators and braces.
12
Like an y other bea m, thi s one mu st be ca re-
fully adjusted before it is mounted perma-
nen tly atop a mast. T emporarily set it on a
step ladder or other support at least 7 or 8
feet off the ground. P oin t t he beam at a field
str engt h meter loca ted more t han 100 feet
away. F eed 28 me energy to the radiator.
Don't bothe r with a tu ner at t hi s time..Ju st
hook the fe ecll ine directl y to a low power t r ans-
mi tter. Turn on t he director t un ing motor.
T r im the director a few inches at a time until
the maximum field strength rea ding occurs
wh en the pl ates of t he d irector t un ing ca-
pacitor are half meshed. Switch to 21 me
and set both moto r driven capacitors to mid -
range. Adj ust the position of the d ir ector
sho rting ba r and the le ngth of the r eflector
dan glers for the best meter deflection .
Rot at e the a ntenn a 180 0 or unt il the re-
flector is nearest the field st r ength meter. 'Vith
14 me energy a p plied to t he rad iator, position
t he reflector shorting bar f or a minimum field
st rengt h meter r eadin g. R echeck sever al t imes
on 28, 21 and 14 me to make sure that adju st-
men t s for one ba nd haven't ser iously u pset
those of an oth er. As soon a s max im um fo r war d
gain on 28 an d 21 me and min imum ba ck radi-
ation on 14 me all occur when t he stub capaci-
tors are half meshed, you can hoist the beam
to its fi nal loca tion .
The a ntenna tun er is a bandswi tchin g uffuir
b uil t into an 8" x 10" x 12" u tili t y box. The
coil dimen sions and tap positions shown in the
schema t ic are the ones which worked out best
at my pa rt icular QTH . These values have been
included only a s a g ui de . Due t o d ifferences in
feeder length and anten na height, you 'll un-
doubtedly have to ex per ime nt a little to di s-
cove r the best coil an d ta p adju stments. This
procedu re, however, wo n't. be very difficu lt be-
Fig . 6. Th e ant enna tun er, reflected power
meter and motor controls a re housed •In a n
8" x 10" x 12" ca binet .
cause a r eflected power meter is inclu ded as a
perm anent f ea ture of th e tu ner.
Ll is a 12" lengt h of RG8U co-a x which
ha s bee n modified to ser ve as a pickup li ne
for the reflected power meter. It is prepared
by fir st sli tt ing an d then removi ng t he outer
n MAGAZINE
 ,' , ~..,.Jf: r-: ~
I - .,~;] JTI"n
E.JJ
~ l i~3STROM ) 'i l<-,;~
' c_
r" ,.
, - I " .
"0~Q
I I -
II
- :'-
" l'

--- ~, --, "-------

J •

\, 1/
..""..

\"
n ---
"
'" "

\ "
." i.,.... ~

"

HERE'S A NEW HEATHKIT"

GROUNDED GRID KW LINEAR ... JUST $229 95
T he new Heathkit " Wa rrior" is a com ple tely self-contained , desk-top kilowatt linear . loaded with special
featu res, at half the cos t of com para ble units ! Compare feature for feature , quality compo nent for quality
co mponent, you'll fi nd no sho rtc uts •• • on ly t he fine st watt- per-dolla r value in a linear amplifie r on t he
am ateur market t oday!
Max im u m po we r Input : SS B-l000 wall s P. E.?..
CW-1000 watt s , AM--400 walls (5iXl wall s u s;nQcarri e r
c ontrolled mod ulat ion), RTTY--650 watt s , Or iv in o
pow • • •• qui red : 50 to 75 wa !!s--<lepe ndi nQ on Ire-
QUI" ncy. Outpu t c i.cu it : Variab le pi-'Wlwork ISO 10 75
ohms) . Input circu it: Broa d banded- . ... Qu ir"'S no l un·
irI/J. Input im p ed.. nc e : Approx. 70 oh ms. B.. nd eev -
Ir r " lIe : 80. 40. 20. 15. 10 meters, P .. n e l m ete.ino :
Switch-selected, g rid c urre nt . pIal'" cu rren l. high voll·
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T u b e c o m p lem en l : 4·8 I1A. 2·866A . Sin : 19X· W
xlI X· H x rs- D., ._ "
Thi s insi de view shows the neat ci rc uit layout
and hu sky co mponents t hat emphasiz e qu ality.
Note t he i nternal shieldi ng of plate ci rcu it for
maximum pro te cti on ag ai nst TVI.
CHECK THESE FEATURES, ••
Co mpfctrfll ~ df-c(J lI t(l ill('d .• • H V. F'il. a nd B ia s s u p plies built in.
Versa tile . . . May be d riven hy any 50 to 125 watt transmitter
or exclter -c- no matchi ng or s wa m pi ng netwo rk required .
Ejfiri,.IIt • • . Stable grounded grid rircuitry allow!'! most drillin!!:
power to appear in o u t pu t for up to iO c.7c efficiency,
(I il-fitlcd capacitor . . . And 5-50 henry s wi ngtng-c hok e prov ide
the excellent d y na mic regulation required fo r high pea k p ower
output with lo w distortio n.
l lle:r pl' II ,,,; n ' fubrR . . • .\ paralleled St t A's and 2-866A 's, fo rced -
air cooled h y silent b uilt-in fan .
Sta ble • . carr-l u ll dt'!oIigh provides a hi gh degree of over-all s t a-
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E:rrhou"rf' . . . I n t e rn al R F s h iel di ng of nlate circuit fo r maxi-
mum TV J suppression .
I nter locked s w ; l r ll ;1I 9 • •• prevents acciden t al application of
H V before s wit c hi ng on filament and hias.
R II (} !lI',J rU1/Jlfr lld;(J 1I • •• 16 ~au~p s t"..1 chassis- U '" a luminum
fron t pa nel c-weld ed one-piece cuhinr-t .
Kit Mod el HA·tO 100 l bs . $23 dn ., $20 mo $229.95
Ass embl ed Mod el HAW·tO . • .
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1------------------
FREE CATALOG I HEATH COMPANY
I Benton H arbor 11 , Mich i gan
Send today for
your Free Cat alog
I 0 Please send my Free copy of t he complete Heat hkit Catal og.
describing over
200 di ffe rent : NAME
Heath kit produ ct s
in Hi·Fi , T est ,
Amateur Radio,
I ADD RESS
Marin e and General I
I CITY ZONE ST ATE
co nsumer f ields.

0. ' ..
- . ........'"
·'.... _'111
...,.. ~
1 the output impedance of your t ra nsmitter or
' OP ~ ,._
, ,
--, \'
... . .-
' 'l
'0)
/
~ u ""'
•
te l
Fig. 5. [e] Meth od for mounting th e para sitic
elements to th e boom. (b I Met hod for lnsulat-
ing the radiator from the boo m. lei Two
sq uare alum inum plates are used to faste n the
boo m t o the rotati ng shaft.
vinyl jacket of the co-ax. About a half inch
from each end of the sect ion of co-ax, make
holes in the exposed shield braid by means
of a n ice pick or the blad e of a sma ll scr ew
driver. Thread a piece of fine wire t h roug h
one hole and then along under the sh ield , next
to the poly insulat ion. and t hen out the other
hole. Th is can be most ea sily accomp lished if
you s hor ten t he br a id by pushi ng on each end
so that it bunches u p near the center of t he
co-ax. No. 30 ena meled wire may be used if
you are ca refu l not to break the insulation dur-
ing the threading- process. I employed very
fine pla st ic covered wire for the purpose. After
t he wire has been t hreaded through , stretch
t he shield out agai n un t il it as sumes its origi-
nal length. Repla ce the vinyl jacket on t he
co-ax and spir a l wrap it with electrical tape.
The exact value for Rl must be found by
14
ex periment. T emp ora rily di scon nect the wires
wh ich run f ro m 8 1A t o the 10 and 15/20 meter
'" ~.-
link s, L3 and L5. At t ach a d ummy load be-
tween the movable a rm of 8 1A and ground.
T he impedance of thi s dummy sho uld match
low pass fil ter. Use only non -reactive carbon
r esi stors fo r t he du mmy. F eed 10, 15 or 20
meter ene rgy from th e transmi tter into J1.
Th row 82 to t he F ORWARD position and ad-
just R2 for a full sca le reading on ~11. Switch
82 to the REF LEC T ED position and try dif-
:: j
ferent values at R1 until the meter r eads zero.
The cor rect va lue fo r t hi s carbon resistor will
pr obab ly fa ll somewhere between 50 and 250
ohms. A car bon potent iometer may be used
a t thi s poi nt if you'd rather not fiddle a r ound
with fixed resi stors while trying to discover
how many oh ms are required.
After removing the dummy and replacing
the L3 and L5 lead s on 8 1A , you ca n hook
the feed li ne f ro m the beam to outpu t con-
nector s F1 and F 2. Set 8 1 and 83 to 20 meters
and 82 to FO R WAR D. Feed 20 meter energy
from your transmitter into J 1. Adjust t he
S ENS IT IVIT Y control, R2, until 1\11 reads
fu ll sca le. P ut 82 in t he REFLE CTED posi-
t ion an d T une Cl for min imum deflection of
.,,_11
' ''''" 001 1\11. Tu ne C2 and t ry to reduce the reading of
1\11 even more. At some combi nation in the
sett ings of Cl and C2, the :M 1 reading should
drop to zero indicating that the tuner is trans-
fo rm ing the f eedline impedance to that of t he
co-ax feeder from your tran smitter or low
pass filt er. If a zero r eading cannot be
ach ieved, the 20 mete r feed li ne tap positions
on L2 shou ld be changed . Bea r in mind that
the closer these taps are kept to the outer
edges of the coil, the lower will be the circulat-
ing cu rrent. As a r esult, there will be less coil
heat ing and power loss. F urthermor e, the
r esonant point of t he tuner will be br oadened
and you'll be able to Q8 Y f ur ther from your
original freque ncy without having to r etune.
After locating the proper 20 meter tap posi-
tions, set 8 1 and 83 for 15 a nd make the
necessary ad j ustments on that band .
Wh ile setting the tun er u p f or 10 meter s
yo u may find it necessa r y to st r etch out or
squeeze toget her t he turns of L5 in add ition to
changing tap positions on L4 in order to
achi eve a zero reflected power reading. As
soon a s t he coil taps for the t hree bands have
been permanently loca ted and solder ed , you
can put the tun er chass is into it s case.
To go on t he a ir , mer ely switch 8 1 and 83
to the same band as the t ransmitter. P ut 82
in the F ORWAR D position and set R2 for a
fu ll sca le reading of M1. T hrow 82 to RE-
FLE CTED an d tu ne C1 a nd C2 for a zero
meter r ead ing. When going from one band to
another you 'll find t hat this t une- u p pr ocedur e
takes only a minute or so. Wh ile not qui te so
conven ient a s a trap tribander, the Gee F our
Zed Smith boasts a very import a nt advantage.
13 MAGAZINE
 LPA-l ---.

AVAILABLE
IN KIT FORM
The most copied grounded-grid l-KW linear amplifier by
those who build their own.

AMPLIFIER KIT
LPA- 1 Kit- (1css t ubes, ca binet a nd blower), , , ' $269.50
B lower - (optiona l for wa rm cl imate use ) . 19 .95
Cabinet- , . 48.75
LPA-1 Am plifier-Fa ctory wired a nd tested
Complete with cabinet, blower and tubes ' . 375.00

POWER SUPPLY KIT TOO

' LPS-1 Kit - (com plete with cabinet but less t ubes ) . $ 169.50
• LPS-1 Power Supply-Fa ctory wired and t ested
Com plete with cabinet a n d t ubes . , . . , . .. . , . . . . 205.00
(See Nov. QST, page "5 and Nov. CQ, page 27, for outstanding features)

LPA .MU Malch in g Un ll Pr ice $36 .0 0

LPA·MU·2 Matching Unit Price $36 .5 0
Fgdory wired Gnd I. tled

LP5.1 Power Supply for LPA_I

,
Canal and Beaver • Bristol, Penna.
Fore ign Sa l e s-Ro yal National Corp., 250 W e st 57th St. , N ew York 19, N.Y.
OTHER B&W EQU IPMENT : Transmitters AM-CW-SSB. Transistorized Power Converters and Inverters. Dip Meters . Match maslers . f requency
Multipli ers . Low Pass fi lters . T-R Switches . R. f. Filament Chokes . I ransmittmg R. F. Plate Chokes . Band-Switching Pi-Network Inductors
• Cyclometers . Antenna Coaxial Connectors Balu ns • Variable Capacitors . Toroidal Transformers . Coaxial Switches . Fixed and Rotary edg6Wound
Inductors . Plug-in Coils with fixed and variable lin ks . Straight type air wound coils in a variety of dimensions.

MAY 1961 15
It radiates efficiently on only one band at a
time. Thus , you need have little worry about
pu tti ng out a 10 met er ha r moni c \.... hen yo u're
switched to 20 or a 20 meter subharmonic when
you're on 10.
The director and reflector can be remotely
peaked for optimum performance in t he fo l-
lowing manner. Put your t r a ns mitte r on your
favor ite 28 me frequency and reson ate t he
tuner by means of the reflected power meter.
Turn off the transmitter a nd tune your r e-
ceiver to a st rong local s ignal near t he same
fr equ ency. P oint the beam toward the source
of this signal. Throw on S4 to actuate the
director tuning motor. Let it run until the re-
ceiver S-meter is at its highest poin t . T urn Fig. 1. Rea r view of tuner. LI runs along right
off 8 4. Switch to 14 me. After resonat ing the ha nd ed ge of t he chassis. L2 a nd L3 a re to th e
driven element with the transmitter and tuner, right of the two gang capacitor CI. L4 and l S
put the back of the beam toward a steady ca n be seen between til e meter a nd tile ceramic
local. Turn on the reflector motor with S5 and band switch S3.
all ow it to run until the r eceiver S-meter drop s f ormance.
to its lowest va lue. Normally, if the director If you li ve in a sparsely populated area with
is peaked on 28 me and the reflector is op- no nearby hams, use a transistor oscillator
timized for 14 me, no 21 me adjustment of located several hundred feet from the sh ack
t he pa rasitic elements will be required. How- as a signal source. Altho ugh you can check
ever, when you need t hat last db of ga in f or t he results of your tu ning efforts by feeding
a 21 me sked or to break through to some power into the antenna and having someone
choice DX, you can touch up both the director observe the deflection on a field strength meter ,
and reflector to achieve t he best possible per- this a rrang-ement is much less conven ient th an
Fig. 8. Schematic of Gee Four Zed Sm ith a nte nna tune r.

,
S.. "
:10- 2001\.
• OAA",,"

--
s,. ,
• ."
- ,,.
O-lmG
" + N,
r
" '0 0-20 000
-
s,.
1- ea
'0'
u
-- ~=

s"
'0
• ,,,
....'"
o"s
I~ ' ,.
'0 cz
•
S
•
L>

TERW IAL
s~ ""'"
NO''''
I
""""'"
-0 --; •
.::~ ~ ~ -€)- ',, ~

-
S..
"eo ,~ 0 "
ro

•
1:1-20
,
s. Ss

-
._-- _.. " ,

s"
~
• 20 ~
• 20

s,. -I'-20' , 0 l'l'Wl'll

"
I.

16 73 MAGAZINE
 C\N· FSK· FAX S '
SINGLE SIDEBAND
W IT H TMC 's MODEL

• HIGH STABILITY, MULTI·PURPOSE AUDIO

TONE KEYER
• TRUE FREQUENCY SHIFT BY MEANS OF
200 KC OVEN CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR
W ITH REACTANCE CONTROL
• VARIABlE FREQUENCY SHI FT, 12 TO 1000
CYCL ES
• SELECTABLE CENTER FREQUENCIES FOR
FOLLOWING OPERATION ,
A. 1,900 cps INTERNATIONAL STAND·
ARD FO R FAX TRAN S·
MISSIONS
B. 2,000 cps PROVIDES COMPATIBIL.
ITY FOR TRANSMITTERS
AND REC EIVERS LIMITED
TO TUNING IN 1 KC
Featuring : STEPS
ADJUSTABLE C. 2,550 cps STANDARD FREQUEN CY
FREQUENCY SH IFT WIDELY USED FOR 850
CPS SHIFT
DIRECT READING IN
D. OPTIONAL TO BE CUSTOMER SELEC·
CYCLES TED
• VOLTAGE OR CURR ENT IN PUTS
• COMPLET E COMPATABILITY WITH CURRENT
For further
FSK SYSTEMS
inf orma tion
write for • 1,000 cps CW CHANNEL IO THERS AVAIL·
Bulle rin No . 24.5 ABLE AT CUSTOMERS REQUEST)

THE TECHNICAL MATERIEL CORPO RATION

IN CANADA. TMC ICa",' al lt. " o nAWA, ONTARIO MAMARONECK, NEW YOR K
MAY 1961 11
t he rece ived signal method.
Originally designed especially for installa-
tion on a flimsy mast, the antenna worked so
well during its fi r st season t hat I decided to
k eep on using it wh en I changed to a t ilt-over
crank-up tower la st fa ll. The 10 and 20 meter
front-to-back ratio, according to a nearby
75A4, is about 20 db. On 15 the figure run s
between 25 and 30 db .
Althoug-h no ga in tests h ave been made, per-
forma nce on 10 and 15 see ms to compare very
favorably with that of the average 3 element
beam. When my 300 watter is feeding power
to the antenna I ca n work just about every
DX station I h ear , often on the first call.
Once, while using a 120 milliwatt transis-
torized C' V rig, I raised a P uer to Rican with-
out prearrangement. Another time I had a nice
phone chat with a J A while r u nn in g 25 watts
to my exciter.
On 20 meters, the antenna provides excellent
Stateside QSO's with lots of S9 plus, plus re-
ports. I haven't tried serious 20 meter DXing,
h owever , because it seems rather silly to buck
t he kilowatt QRM with a condensed 2 element
beam , especially since it has proven so easy
to get across the pond on 15 and 10.
Tuning changes which result from accumu-
lations of moi sture, snow or ice on the ele-
men ts and feed line ca n be easily cou nteracted
by a slight readjustment of th e remote control
circuitry. Even though high wind s cause the
danglers to flop back and forth a bit there
seems to be no significa nt degradation of per-
formance in breezes under 50 mph.
If you're cramped for s pace, have a thinly
p added pu rse or r equ ir e a beam that's suit-
able for mounting- on a slender TV mast, I
suggest that you ca refully consider t he ad-
vantages offered by thi s modified G4ZU. T he
fac t that :,rou can tune it right on the n ose
while comfortably seated in the shack is a plus
f ea ture well worth t he effort required to build
it yourself.
Coil T able
L1-Sre tex t.
L 2-10 tu rns. no. 12 w ire. 2 ¥.:" d iam.• 1'h " long. B-W
3905 -1 (A i r D u x 20U6) Tap s 1 a n" 6. y.: tu rn from
each e nd. T aps 2 nnd 5. 1 1,1:: tu r ns f ro m each end.
Taps :1 and 4 . 3% t u r ns f rom each end.
1.3--3 turns no. 12 w in'. 2" d iam .• ~~ " lonlZ. mounted
inside L2.
L4 - I;1h tu rns no. 10 w ir e. JI, ~ " djam .• I" to ne. Tapped
1 turn from each end.
L5- :1 t urns no. 14 wi r-e, 1" -Hnm., %" lon lt. mou n ted
inside L4.
R efereneee
G. A . Bird . G4Z U- T hf' G-tZ U Thrf'f' Ran d Minih nm.
RSG R Buf tettn , Pebruarv, 195ft
- T he S t or y of thc Three Hund Mlnlbeam, CQ
Magazine, Mu r ch. Hl57. p aae 20 .
- Mo re Aho ut the Mlniheam . RSGR Bulletin.
October . 1957. page 168.
-::\Io r .. A bou l th e ::\linibnm-Parl I. CQ 1'Ilqa.
aine, July. 195 8. pailI' 52 .
- Mo re Ahout the l\Iinibeam-l'art II . C Q Maga-
z ine. August, 1!l58. page 28 .
R obert C. Bunce. K 6QH Z-The ::\1iC'kfY Matc.-h. QST.
November, 1958. page 26.
R. Lynn K a lrnbnch, W4IW- A ::\Iolor Tuned Ream . CQ
Maeaalne, July. 1959 .

Bill Roberts W 9 HO V
Ho use of Ante nne. s
Economy?
Ch eapn ess alon e d oes not make a bargain.
L OOK at the follow ing table which has been offered by one of the leadi ng cable manu factur-
ers in wh ich they describe the amount of attenuation on their products per hundred feet.
A t te n uafio n ,H "0 r.... 1
3.' m, 7.00 m, m, m, m,
RG8U ••• •• ••••• 0 .30 0.45 "0.66
21
0.83
28 m e
0.98
• 50
1.35
'"2.50m'
RG58U • •••••• • • 0.68 1.00 1.60 1.90 2.20 3 .10 5.70
RGlIU • • • • • • • • • 0.38 0.55 0.80 0.98 1.1 5 1. 55 2.80
RG59U • • • • • •• • • 0 .64 0.90 1. 30 1. 60 1. 80 2.40 4 .20
Open w ire •••• • • 0.03 0 .05 0.07 0.08 0 .10 0.13 0.25

Now, what does all th is tell u s ? F irst let's
say that we are using 100 feet of line ( sho rter
lines and longer lines are proportionate) . It is
a commonly known thing that a gain of 3 db
is equal to dou bling of power (therefore a 3
db loss would halve it ).
Let's take a hypothetical case where " A"
runs 100 watts on 28 me with a line 100 feet
long. The table shows us that there is an
antennuat ion of 0.98 db with R G8U a nd 2.20
db with RG58U. If a 3 db loss h alves yo ur
power the 1 db loss with RG8U means you
have lost 1/3 of 50 watts, or n early 14 watts
power. W it h RG58U you have lost 22/30ths
or .73 of 50 watts. T hat fig ures to about thir ty
fi ve watts.
Now let's look at it another way. Let's say
you h ave 100 watts and you h ave chosen
RG58U because it is cheap. You h ave saved
a few cents a foot for 100 feet, t ha t is t r ue,
bu t you h ave doubled you r losses. As we have
shown, you lose 14 watts wi t h RG8U and 35
watts with R G58U . So you ha ve saved about
$6.00 on cable and you have thrown away 21
watts. At higher levels it is even more out-
st and ing because t he wattage goes up and
the savi ngs ( ??) stay the s ame.
With the cost per watt of present day trans-
mitters it sure is poor economy to save money
by buying less expensive coax. Mor al-use the
heaviest cable yo u can a fford, or u se open line
if you h a ve t he nerve. . .• W9HOV

18 73 MAGAZI NE
 MODEL HE·26
HYBRID PHONE PATCH
Perfect f or AM·SSB Phone Pat ch
ope ration. VU Meter monitors
l ine level for Q5 phone pa tches.
An unmatched low-

24.50 II

MODEL TM·15
WAVE METER
Checks t ransm itter output f or
harmonics, partsrtrc s. and cut-
of-ba nd ope ration . Pro vide d
with mag netic feet. Perfect for
the novice .

MODEL TM·14
FIELD STRENGTH METER
37.50
-
Com plete , no wires to connect.
Mon it or tr an s mitt er ou tpu t;
HE·28 RF WAITMETER che ck antenna s, etc. Perfect
for mobi le, provided with mag-
AND SWR BRIDGE neti c feet.
150 watts full scale-Built-in
dummy ' load-Wattmeter =:5 %
to 54 mes o SWR =:5 % for In
line use . 6.95
LAFAYETTE PROFESSIONAL QUALITY • Superhet Circuit Utilizing 8 Tubes and
Rectifier Tub e • Built-in " S" Meter with Ad·
~~~~~~C O M M U N I CATI O N S ju stment Control. Fu ll Covera ge 80-10 Meters
• Covers 455kc to 31 mc • Variable BFO and
""' RECEIVER RF Gain Controls • Switchable AVC and Auto·
KT·200WX matic Noise limiter
in Kit Form The Communications Receiver that meets
every amateur need -avai lable in easy-to-
64.50 assemb le kit form. Signal to noise ratio is 10
db at 3.5 MC with 1.25 microvo lt signal.
5.00 Down Se lectivi ty is - 60 db at 10 kc, image reo
flection is - 40 db at 3 MC.
-- •

•
.a ~.A."Y"ETTE
~ .A. X» X <>
165-0g LIBERTY AV£NUE, JAMAICA 33, N. Y.
OTHER LOCATIONS
.
'

NEW TORK, N. T'I NEWARK, N. J. I

BRONX, N. T. PARAMUS, N. I
BOSTON, MASS. J'I
PLAINFIElO, N.
100 6th Avenue 24 Central Avenue 542 E. Fordham Rd. 182 Route 17 110 Federal Street 139 W. 2nd Street
I J.
---------------~--------------------------------------
I Lafayette Radio DepL 73E-l P.O. Bo. 190 Jamaica 31, N. Y.
. . FREE 324-Page: 0 I Enclosed. Send Stock # ........................ 0 Rush FREE 324 Page Cata log 610
1961 I 0 $, OOWn Payment Enclosed for Stock # ~ .
Catalol No. 610: Lafayette Easy Pay Application Will Be Forwarded Upon Receipt of Down Payment

~i
I Him.
Cut Out & Paste I Add...,.
on Post Card cllJ Zone lut-

MAY 1961 19
 Propagation
David A. Brown K21GY
Part I Associate Editor

T liE present Sunspot Cycl e, Number 19,
which reached an all time high in late 1957,
is now rapidly on the decline. To understand
what kind of DX conditions will exist this com-
ing winter and for the rest of the cycle, it is
important that one under stands first, the Sun-
spot Cycle and second how propagation condi-
tions follow this cycle.
••
:; tnt;
~
~
seen . Note that the maximum RZ number oc-
curred in October, 1n57 and was 262.9. The
highest daily number ever observed was 355
on December 24 and 25, 1957.
In propagation analysis we are interested
in the 12-month running average of the RZ
numbers, for it is thi s smoot hed curve that
the yearly variations in ),IUF follow, and not
the very erratic variations in Fig. l.
Fig. 2 is the 12-month running- average of
the RZ numbers and it is this curve that we
call the "Sunspot Cycle." Sunspot Maximum
is the time when the Sunspot Cycle reaches its

:m rn8fr1J maximum value, and not when the RZ numbers

are highest.
The time of Sunspot Maximum is not easy
-
to determine, in fa ct there is an apparent dis.
+-=i='= crepancy be tween the American and Zurich
maximums, probably due to the method of
reduction of the observations. Most maximum s
are quite broad and there is always some un-
certainty in the determination of the time of
greatest activity on the Sun. A difference of
over a year between RZ and RA, maximums
is found in the present cycle, RZ having oc-
r ~
llo - - -
»'1 l'l' ·
lO -
M ··
nH _ "'-
i I l-
' ~
MU- ~ ·~ -
..... .., ­
...
curred in 1947.5 and RA, in 1948.8. The Zurich
Th e r elative su nspot number is not the Sunspot Cycle is u sed a s the standard, and
count of the number of suns pots seen on the to date th ere is data for eighteen complete
di sk of the Sun, rather, it is an index of sun- cycles, the current one being Number 19.
spot activity observed on the entire visible disk
of the Sun, which is determined each day by
many observers throughout the world.
Sunspots usually occur in groups and the
Relative Sunspot Number was set up to in-
clude the number of groups a s well as the
number of s pots , and is defined a s: R = k
(lOg + s ) , where R is the relative su nspot
number; k is a sca le fact or (usually less than
one) which depend s on the observer and his
instrument and is intended to be used a s a
conversion back to the original scale set up
by Wolf in 1841); g is the number of groups
or clusters of s pots ; s is the number of in-
dividual s pots . This number is determined each
day and the average (mean) value given for
each month. The American Relative Sunspot
Numbers are designated RA, and the Zurich
Relative Sunspot Numbers a s RZ. Fig. t is a The most reliable data is for cycles #8
graph of the HZ numbers. through # 18. Thi s data ha s been averaged and
Examination of Fig. 1 will show that the the result is called the Mean Sunspot Cycle,
sunspot number is a highly unpredictable quan- which has a period of 11.1 years. The rise from
tity in itself, but the cyclic nature is easily minimum to maximum takes 4.6 years while

20 73 MAGAZINE
 •
TWO ANTENNAS
•
IN ONE**a n o t h e r FIR ST from FINCO
••
---- -- • -
. . . ---
•
,.
• • -
S' Sf JT Jo .. .. to

t he fa ll f rom ma ximum to mi ni mum t akes 6.5

yea r s. Th e a ve rage m a x imu m number is
Patent RE 24.41 3
around 96.4. The leng t h of a cycl e is deter- Other patents pending
mined fr om one max imum to the next. The 6 & 2 Meter
Model No. A ·62
s hor t est cy cl e w a s 7.3 years (1 830-1837 ) and Amateur Net A-62 $33.00
t he lon g est 17.1 yea r s (1 788-1 805) . F or th is Stacking Kit AS-62 $2.19
r ea son it is prac t ically imposs ible t o predict
when the next maximum will occu r in adva nce
wi t h a ny rel iab il it y. The Only Single Feed Line
The pr esent cycle rea ch ed a ma ximum
around 1957.7 making the leng th of cycle # 18
only 10.2 years long, almos t a ye a r s ho r ter
6&2
t ha n t he a vera ge cycl e. \Ve a r c now m ost in- METER COMBINATION ANTENNA
t er ested in wh en t he next m inim um w ill occu r . ®
Since the t welve -mont h run ning average valu es
of RZ are s ix months behind the R Z values , from F'NCO
th e la st six mont hs of the Suns pot Cycle ha ve
to be predicted. A lso, t he da t a for predi ctin g
._ Heavy Duty Sq ua re Alum in um Boom,
the l\l UF's must be available f or a t lea st t hree 10 Fl. l ong
mo nths in ad vance, based on cu rrent Cri ti ca l
• All Elem ent s are Sleev e Rei nforced
Frequenci es a nd a pred icted S moot he d S un- And Com pl et ely Pre-assem bled With
spot N u m be r . Thi s mea ns that th e smo ot hed "Snap-Out" Lock-T ite Bracket s
numbers s ho uld be predi cted a t lea st ten • Boom Suspension Rods Are Supplied
mont hs in a dva nce. Comple te ly Pre-assem bl ed . Rea dy To Be
T o a id in th e determ inat ion of the smoot hed Sn apped Into U pper End Of Mast
n um be r s, I use a seven mon th an d a th r ee ON 2 M ET ERS: O N 6 M ETE RS:
month s moothed r unn ing' ave rage, cu rves wh ich 18 Ele m e nt s Full 4 El e m e n t s
are F ig . 3 and Fig. 4 res pectfu lly. N otice how I -Fol d e:d Dipole Plu s Specia l I - Fo ld e d
Pha sm g St u b Dipole
the cu rve in Fig . :~ ap proxi mate s th e s moot h ed 1- 3 Ele m e n t Coll inear I -R efle ct or

. I'fE~HH~1c~on~I~;n~ued ++ ::h±~
o n p age 53 ,,1
Refle ctor .
4- 3 Elem e nt Co ll inea r
D ir ectors
Z-D irecto r s

A2-10 2 Meier 10 tlem ent

A6·4 6 Meier 4 Element Amateur Net $11.88
Amateur Net $1 7.16 S k· K· AS 2 II ' 3
SlllckingKi t AS.6 $2.19 tee Ing It - .

AI %-l O 11"
~
Meier 10 Element ~~
Amateur Net $11 .88 ~---.:
Stacking Kit AS-I IA $1.26

See Your F,NCO Distributor

or write for Catalog 20-226 to ;
THE FINNEY COMPANY
--
• •
, ...
• • •
... <-
De p t. • 34 W. In t e r s t ate St., Be d ford , O h io

MAY 1961 21
 v
_ _ _"'1IIIi1
'. I q
The Lafayette
KT-200 Receiver
As a kit, the KT.200 represents a depar-
ture from the usual kit practices. As soon
as you unpack it, you'll note that by the usual
kit standa rds you are a bout half fini shed al-
ready. All of the mechanical mounting is
already completed for you. Tube sockets, tran s-
formers, main tuning capacitor, filter capaci-
tor, cont r ols , and even knobs and pilot lamps
are all in place. The tuning mechanism is al-
ready installed and operat ive. The dial cords
are st r ung and the flywh eels are in place. And,
best of all, the complex a ssembly of coils and
alignment capacitors for the oscillator, mixer,
and rf amplifier stages are mounted and pre-
aligned, but more about thi s later.
Circuitwi se, the KT-200 is conventional,
str a igh tforwa r d, good design. It consi sts of a
6BD6 rf amplifier, a 6BE6 mixer, a se pa r ate
6BE6 oscillator, two GBDG's a s 455-kc if am-
plifiers, a 6A V6 detector, ave rectifier, and
fir st aud io amplifier, another 6AV6 beat fre-
quency oscillator and shu nt-t ype noise clipper.
A GAR5 ser ves as the audio power amplifier
and a 5Y3 as the r ectifier completes th e nine-
tube complement.
It is to be noted that many r eceivers com-
monly use a sing le 6BE 6 pe ntagr-id tube as
both oscilla tor and mixer. However, in the in-
terest of sta bility, the designers of this cir-
cuit have chosen to devote se pa r ate 6BE6's
to the mixer and oscillator functi on s. This
contributes to st ab ilit y since it greatly reduces
22
."
All ie C. Peed, Jr. K2DHA
34 Ashley Drive
Roche ste r 20, New York
_
,
a revt e't£)
the tendency of the oscillator to "pull" on
st r ong sign a ls and p r oba bly it also lessens
thermal drift probl ems.
AV e voltage is applied to 'both the rf and
if amplifier st ages. A front panel control pr o-
vides for disabling the avc in its mvc (Manual
Volume Con t r ol ) position. This same switch in
it s third position (BFO) ser ves the dual pur-
pose of turning on the beat oscillator and
di sabling the avc for copying CW or SSB s ig-
nals.
In st ead of the traditional rf gain control,
the KT-200 is provided with a manual if gain
control. Thus, the rf amplifier runs fully open
all of the time except a s modified by t he ave
bias. A minor point here is that the if gain
control is s imply a 10K potentiometer in ser ies
between ground and the two cathodes of the
if amplifier tubes . Therefore it does not afford
a complete range of control from cut-off to
full gain as is the case with rf gain controls.
It does, however, provide su fficient control to
keep st r ong signa ls from over -dr iving and dis-
torting.
A st and-by switch opens t he plate supply
lead to the rf amplifier, mixer, and oscillator
st ages while leaving the remainder of the
stages powered. This is perfectly adeq uate a nd
probably contributes to quick recovery time
and stabilit y wh en break-in operation is used.
The s tand-by swit ch terminals are brought out
to a five-pronged socket on the rear apron of
73 MAGAZINE
 the chassis f or con nection to a brea k-in relay
in the station control system if desired.
All of the components are of Japa nese man-
ufacture and appear to be of excellent qual ity.
The use of a fe w wax impregnated by- pass
ca paci tor s is probably t he lone except ion.
Wh ile these are of good qual ity, modern re-
ceiver construction practice is to use plastic
or ceramic encapsulated capacitors wh ich can
be expected to g ive long er service.
Th e cabi net, panel, and chassis are a pleas-
ant s ur p r ise. T hey are of heavy gauge steel
including two heavy diagonal braces between
t he chass is and top of the front panel. This
contri bu tes to the r ecei ver having the r ug ged.
ness of a piece of m ilitary gea r when com-
pleted. It s hou ld assure good mechanica l
stability of the fin ished a ssembly. The cabinet
a nd p anel are finished in gray wrinkle fin ish ,
and t he cabinet is provided with n umerous
louvr es to allow good circulation an d heat
di ssipat ion from the int erior. Bot h bottom a nd
top are provided with hinged access doors of
a mple s ize and good fit.
A u nique fe a t ure of the chassi s is th at
grou nd points a re f ormed by pu nching out " U-
sha ped " tabs in the chass is. These are bent
out from the underneath side of the chassis
by the constructor and ground leads are
wrapped around th em and so ldered. This fe a-
t ure s hou ld give positive grounds avoiding dif-
ficulties with loosening of screwed-on ground
lugs, and interface corrosion between ground
lugs and t he ch as sis. H owever , t he kit builder
using a low wattage solder ing iron might en-
coun ter difficult y in h eating- these ground t abs
hot enough to assure a good solder job.
T he S-meter is one of the small 1* inch
square type a nd it is connected with a mul-
tiplying r esistor and ca libr a tion control from
t he ca t hode of the rf a mp lifier to g round . E s-
sentially, it measures t he voltage developed
on the cathode which is a direct function of
t he st r eng t h of t he received sig nal. Calibration
of t he S-meter is a ccomplished by tempora r ily
shor t ing the anten na terminals on t he back
of the set and adju sting the "S Meter Ad j ust "
control on the front panel until the meter
r eads zero. Unfortunately, t his zero pos ition
va ries fro m band to band an d req uires f re-
quent re-adj ust ment if you are band-hopping.
\Vh en the meter is adju sted to give proper
read ings on the short wave bands, swi tching
to t he b r oadca st ba nd will pin t he meter
unless you back off on th e control. Th en you
are out of calibr ation when yo u return to the
hig her frequency bands. P er h a ps the best op-
erational scheme here is to tune the receiver
to a clear spot on t he band in question and
adjust the cont r ol to m ak e the meter r ea d just
slightly above zero. You r S-meter read ings
then will be in terms of signal strength above
background noise which is a meaningful rela-
tive r ead ing.
Assembly of the k it consists ch iefly of wir-
MAY 196 1
ing in all of the componen ts which are
mounted on their pigtail lea ds, and connecting
the terminals of those items which are pre-
mounted on the chassis and panel. T he only
pa r t wh ich might be considered difficul t is the
wiring of t he bandswitch since thi s r equires
careful attention to d irections and some work
in rather cramped s pa ce at times. Tot al wir-
ing time for a careful, experienced worker
shouldn 't exceed ten to twelve h our s, an d even
the rankest n ovice k it constructor should be
able to complete the j ob in fiftee n to twenty
hours.
Pre-Alignment
Your writer h as, through experie nce, de-
veloped a tongue-in-cheek attitude towa rd kits
which are sold claiming pre-alignment of the
tuned circuits. 1\lost such kits result in a com-
p leted u nit which is aligned well eno ugh to
work after a fash ion, but most of them r equire
alignment for optimum operation . The KT-200
proved to be almost an excep t ion however. By
virtue of the fact that the tuning coils and
capacitors are p remounted a nd aligned, the
overall alignment was quite good a nd on ly r e-
quired a minimum of touching up to ach ieve
t he sensitivit y and selec tivit y claimed in t he
s pecificat ions. In particular, the frequency cal-
i bration of t he main tu ning d ia l scales was
outsta nding. An yon e who has ever spent h ours
tuning between the top and bottom of four
bands while juggling padder and coil adj ust-
ments will certainly apprec iate this feature of
the KT-200.
Similarly, the if tra nsf or mers were close
enough to proper alignment to allow them to
be peaked by ear by the k it constructor who
is not equ ipped with a sig n a l generator and
voltmeter. The only exception t o t his g ood
alignment was the bfo coil which was con -
s ider a bly out of tune. H owever , thi s is aligned
by simply adjusting the core until a zero beat
is heard in the speaker or phones, and h ence
it was n ot d ifficult to bring into line.
I t was previously mentioned that f'requen-
C':l calibration of the main tun ing dial was ex-
cellent. However, two-dial tuning of this type
in g eneral su ffers from poor re-set accur acy
and since, in this case, the main t un ing dial
23
 but there are a sp r ink ling of errors a nd omi s-
s ions which mu st be watched. For example, a
correction sheet enclosed with thi s particular
kit changed t he instructions for wiring the
main filter ca pa cito r. However, this kit ap-
peared to ha ve one of th e ori g ina l type ca-
pacitors in it. Wh en wired accordi ng to the
cor r ect ion sheet, the second sec tion of the
filt er ca pacito r wa s con nected with reverse
polarity and the f:r st section was ungrou nded.
As a r esult, all of the voltages were low by
a large amount and t here was ex cessive hum.
Indeed, thi s could lead to th e dem ise of t he
filte r capacito r if not found and corrected
quickly. Reference to the terminal notation on
does not ha ve index mark s for se tti ng to the the capacitor ca n clear up thi s problem.
amateur ba nds , locati on of t he ham bands be- A couple of omi ssions wh ich will be caught
comes a small problem. Th e ba ndspread dial quickly by the ex per ienced kit builder but
is not ca libra ted exce pt for an ar bit r a r y 0- wh ich mi ght trip the novice are worthy of
100 logging scale. Th e selectivit y of the re- mention. Cne r elates to the pilot lam p wiri ng.
cei ver is good enough to j ust ify the us e of There are two pilot lamps-one for each tun-
a grea t deal of bandap r eading, i.e., the band- ing d ial. The in structions direct the wiring
sp r ea d control provides for a slow tuning rate only of the one on the band spread dia l wh ile
enabli ng accu ra te tu ni ng . But, th is good fea- the second one is not mention ed or shown in
t ure is a t t he ex pense of coverage on the any of the illustrations. Perhaps thi s a change
bandspread dial and on e complete sweep of in the design which ha s not yet bee n worked
the ba ndap read scale does not cove r fully any in to t he manual. It is necessary only t o run
ham band in its entirety. It is necessary to re- a couple of leads from t he wired lamp socket
set the main t u ning in or der t o tune a whole to t he other one in order to make both opera te.
band. Anoth er overs ig ht a ppea rs in the rather
If a 1000 kc crysta l calibr a tor is available, detai led in str ucti on s for al igning the bfo. I n
it ca n be used to good adva nta ge in s potting t he course of thi s procedure t he manual fa ils
the proper ham band sett ings of th e main to direct that the bfo be turned on with the
t un ing. Set the ba nds prea d dial to 100 (maxi- front pan el swit ch.
mum capacity) and t une in the 1000 kc mark- I n the tabulatio n of voltages, the instruc-
er a t th e lower end of the band in question. tions fail to give directi on s for the sett ings of
Then the band spr ead will tune up the band all of th e front pan el controls. This can lead
fr om t he lower ed ge. At th e limit of th e band- to some readings which are perfectly nor ma l
s pr ead tun ing if you wish to tune further up bu t quite at va r ia nce with those g iven in the
the band, it will be necessa r y t o "fudge" the table. F or ex ample, it is obvio us that the bfo
ma in tu ning- up a fraction. In practice, this mu st be turned off to obtai n t he r eadings given
isn't as much of a handicap a s is sounds since in the ta bula ti on on the bfo tube. Likewise,
t he band spr ead is suffic ien t to cover the entire some of the grid voltages will be different fr om
phon e or CW sub-ba nd on most of th e bands, those in the table depending on whether t he
a nd it is seldom th a t a n operator operates both ave is ac tivated or not, and whether a sig na l
modes a t one oper ating session. is present or not.
The lack of bandspread calibration is no
r eal hand icap in modern oper at ion which calls Modifications
~or zero-bea ti ng the statio n that you ar e ' ...·or k- Two modifications suggest them selves as
ing with your transmitter vfo. You must, being worth cons ider a t ion by those who may
however, ass ure yourself that your transmit- a ssemble one of these uni t s in th e future. One
t er is oper at ing withi n t he proper frequency is to ta ke advan tage of the three unu sed
lim its by some ot he r method t han your re- prongs of the five-prong rea r apron socket to
ceiver's cali br ation, unless you provide the bring out a power take-off for a Q-l\1ultiplier,
r ecei ver with a cr ystal calibr ator and learn to TR Switch, cr yst al calibrator, or other low-
use it properly. drain auxiliary s ta t ion accessory. Connect one
Mechanically, th e bandspread tun ing is in- pin to ground, on e to the 6.3-volt filament line,
te res ti ng. In the ma in tu n ing ca pacitor , one and one to t he plat e voltage from the output
plate is omitted in the center of each of the of the filter. It is a good idea to mark these
three ro tor sections. Then, on a sepa r a t e shaft on the chassi s beside the socket so that when
fr om the opposite si de of t he ca pacitor , a you want to use it , you ca n recall how you
single plate is turned into thi s gap in each wired the socket without having to open the
sta tor sect ion f r om the bandspreud tuning ca binet and trace the wiring.
sh aft-a ve ry neat arrangement. The second modification r elates t o the 10-
The in st ru ction manual is quite complete, wa tt resi stor used as part of the power sup ply

24 73 MAGAZIN.

filter ( R21) . This generates considerable heat
and it is in rather close prox imity to t h e os-
cillator coils and padders. Since the set was
found to have a very substantial amount of
drift for about the first ten to fifteen minutes
of it s operation from a cold start, it seemed
prudent to move this resistor over to t he
s ide of t he chassi s away from the coils and
nearer some of the ventilating holes. Th is move
diminished the warm -up drift appreciably and
made for more rap id stabilization.
Th e bfo in t he particular un it tested failed
to provi de su fficient injection to allow f or good
88B reception. It was necessary to increase
the size of the s ma ll tubular capacitor which
coupled the bfo output into the second detec-
tor. The 2.2-mmfd capacitor supplied was too
smal l. A l O-m mfd disc ceramic gave more suit-
able in j ect ion level and a n even larger one
might be desirable. (Two pieces of hook-up
wire twisted into a gimmick capacitor might
ser ve as well.)
Wh ile the receiver is capable of good SS B
reception , it must be observed th at tu ning in
a sideband s ig na l with t he small bfo knob on
the panel can be a bit tediou s. A larger knob,
or planetary reduction drive would be of some
assistance.
Hey Fri. Fri. Thu. w-e. Sat. Sun.
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 The Ideal
16 15 14 13 12 11 9
23 22 21 20 19 18 17
31 30 29 28 27 26 24
38 37 36 35 34 33 32
through the ages civilization has de-
D OW N
veloped int o its present, though ever
changing form . In the wake of it s evolution
it has left the remain s of [nu mer able outmoded
ideas and once useful articles. Some of these
have been revised to meet the times, while
others were simply discarded.
One th ing' tha t ha s survived unseat-red a nd
u ncha nged throughout centur ies of use a nd
m isu se is t he ca lendar.
After many long years of diligent research
on the subject I have developed the following
plan f or ca lendar revision. I propose that this
pla n be adopt ed for t he good of all am a teu r
radio operators a nd a ny and all in dividuals
associated with them.
Ha ms , a s everyone knows are inclined to
"put off till tomorrow what should be done
today." Wi t h t his calen dar you can put off
wash ing t he car on the seventh a nd st.ill get
it done by t he third.
Ever notice how your Friday night net
meetings always clash with the XYL's bridge
parties or other great socia l occasions which
demand your presence? No longer. Not with
two Fridays in each week!
Now you can go ahead and buy that expen-
MAY 1961
-
Operation of the KT -200 for a limited time
since its con struction has left the impr ess ion
that it is definitely a hot performer even on ten
meters where many single-conversion general
coverage units with 455-kc if's fall down. No
problem was encountered with images, no
doubt due to t he iso lation a nd attenuation pro-
vided by the rf amplifier s tage. Sensitivity is
very good and selectivit y is adequate although
the addition of a Q -~Iultipler would be u seful
for operation in the crowded ham bands. After
the war m-up drift previou sly discussed, t he
stability is excellent-good enough even to al-
low sa t isf a ctor y reception of single sideband
s ig n a ls. I nciden t all y , as sor t of a bonus, this
receiver is an outstanding performer on the
broadcast band.
In summary, the KT-200 appears to be a n
excellent val ue for a m iddle-priced ge neral
coverage receiver. It is worthy of ser ious con-
s ider at ion by anyone ready to graduate from
the inexpensive five or six tube general cov-
erage receivers, but not yet in a position to
pu rchase one of t he top-flight communi cations
receivers. Or it might be useful as a second
receiver to su p plement your ham-band-only
hearing aid.
. . . K2DHA
Ham Ca lendar
R. M. Cese K4YNO
sive K 'V rig you've had your eye on without
worry about the first of the month payments
on it as t here isn 't a ny first. T he tenth a nd
twenty-fifth have al so been eliminated in case
you are asked to pay on those days.
The number of week-days has been cut to
four leaving a glor ious three-day week end for
h a mming .
Th ose bot her some Mondays have been eli mi-
nated a ltogether and an extra day : H eyda y
has been added to round out the week. It is
hoped that with a little persuasion Frank's
Country Cou sins would aIlow unrestricted op-
eratio n on t his day.
A ft er you ha ve carefully scrutin ized the in -
tricate details of thi s wonderful new calendar
and feel that you would like to join our cam-
paign for its adoption please stop by our head-
qu arters at t he 8 .A.H.F.H.B.A.0.C. H.**
If yo u don't have enough time to devot e to
th is worthy cause at least stop by to see u s
some time. ' Ve are allowed to have visitors
from one till four o'clock on Wednesday and
Friday afternoon s.
··Sunny A cral Home for H alf Baked and Otherwise
Cra zy H a m s.
25
Build a Vary-Volt
A variable-voltage su pply is general ly in the
lu xury class, as far a s t he a vera ge ex-
peri mente r is concerned-nice to have, but ex-
pen sive. Yet it need not be beyond your reach ,
beca use you probably ha ve t he mak ings in your
j u nk box right now. Once you 've u sed t he
Va ry-Volt , you 'll won der how )'OU ever got by
without one.
Before dig-gi ngo into the const ruction , let's
+~
~ With the aid of an oh mme ter locate th e
+ - . +
"/
~'iv-+-'tv-+-,tv~ . the h igh voltage windi ng a nd will not be used,
+
, ""-1$
- mnry ; pu t a t ag on it. The r em ain in g w ind-
see h ow t he Vary-Vol t works . Suppose we
st a r t with some dry cell s. 'Ve all know that if
we connect our cell s in ser ies, observing- pola r -
ity, th e final voltage is t he s um of the voltages
of a ll the cells . If each cell de live r s 1 % vol ts,
two in se r ies will give 3 volts, three in series,
4 % volts, Hod so on . A l it tle ca relessness in
observi ng pola ri ti es, howeve r, will g ive some
une xpected resu lts. F or example, foul' cells,
connected a s shown in Fig. 1, with one cell re-
ver sed, will give , not 6 volts , but 3 volts ! T he
fir st three cells g ive 4 ~ volt s, but t he fo u r t h
cell , bei ng con nected with reversed polarity,
bucks t he voltage of t he fir st th r ee cells, a nd
t he r esu lt is 4 % mi nus 1 % , or 3 volts.
Alth ough we a r e not a ccu stomed to t hink-
ing of tran sformers a s having polarity, their
windings do, nevertheless, ha ve definite po-
la rity at an y g-iven in stant when t he cur ren t
+ t he two voltages add , connect in the third .
"V
2b
J ose p h leeb W2WY M
549 Green Vell ey Re ed
Perern us. New J e rsey
flows. If we connect two windings on a tran s-
fo rmer in ser ies we will get either th e su m or
t he di fference of t he t wo voltages, depending
upon whether we connect the windings "se r ies
addi ng" or se ries bucking." ( See Figs. 2 and
3 ). I n ou r case the primary is u sed with th e
fi lament windi ngs , ma k ing the Vary-Volt an
auto-transformer with buck a nd boost.
To build t he Vary-Volt we need a fila ment
or power t r a nsfo r me r w ith sever al fi lament
windings. An old TV tra nsformer will do
nicely.
w indin g with the hig hest r esistance. T hi s is
so tape up the leads ca refu lly to keep them
out of h arm 's way. Now fi nd the winding with
t he second highest r esi stance. Th is is the pr-i-
ings are the fila me nt wind ings .
•
PRl hl AR Y
• •
'V
Con nect a cord a nd plu g to t he primary in
seri es with a 50 at' 60 watt la m p. T he la m p is
a sa fe ty preca ution, used on ly while check ing
out t he wind ings. Hook up the fi lament wind -
ings in scri ea and plu g t he primary in to t he
115 volt ac line. Measu re the t ota l volt age of
t he wi ndi ngs. If it adds up to the su m of the
individual fila ment wi nding voltages the ter-
mina ls a re cor r ectly polarized wit h r espect to
each othe r . If t he reading is less than ex-
pected, some of t he con nections w ill have to
be reversed. Th is is done by measuring fir st
one wind ing by itself, th en two in ser ies. If
Ag ain , if t he t hree voltages a dd, OK; if they
buck, r e ve r se the terminals of t he winding.
By connectin g the filament w ind ings in
se r ies with the pr imary in suc h a manner tha t
73 MAGAZIN E

TO II ~ AC U NE
5 0 0 R 60W L .....P
P RI.. ARY
the seconda r y voltages add to the primary
voltage, or reduce it by buck ing action, we
have a range of adj ustment from lin e voltage
minu s all seco nda r y voltages up to line volt-
age plus a ll seconda r y voltages. F or ex ample,
if our tra nsformer ha s filament wind ings de-
livering 6.3, 6.3 and 5 volts , and the line vol-
age is 115, th en our Va ry-Volt will give from
w it h the wiring completed, plug the Vary-
Volt in to a 115 volt ac outlet . Check the out-
put voltage with an ac voltmeter. If the volt-
age at each point on the select or switch is not
according- to t he Table in F ig. 6, recheck the
wiring, keepi ng in m ind that the points on
the selecto r swit ch become r eversed when
viewed from th e rea r.
As we warned you in the beginning, you'll
wonder how you ever mana ged without a
Va r y-Volt . The re is noth ing better for track-
ing down intermittent conditions in electronic
circuits caused by eit he r exces sively low or
excessively high lin e voltage.
Does your electric drill ru n too fast? Slow
it down with the Vary-Volt. Like to di ne by
su bd ued light? The Vary-Volt makes an excel-
lent dimmer. Soldering iron too slugg ish ?
Boost it s voltage with the Vary-Volt. Each
ti me you use t h is h andy shop ga dget yo u w ill
find mor e new and exciting applications for it.
W2WYM o 0 0

115 minu s 6.3, minus 6.3, minu s 5, or 97.4
volts, up to 115 p lu s 6.3, plu s 6.3 plu s 5, or
132.6 volts. The two-deck seven-posit ion swit ch
accompli shes t h is by tapping off the desired
number of windi ngs in ser ies with the pri-
ma r y, and proper s witch ing of polarity. For
o•
30 O ~
» a r ts List
T l -Jo·i lamen t O f power t r unsformer w ith sever a l fl lument
w indi ngs.
Sl - T og g le s w itch.
gz-c-z-deek . 7 position wafer s w itch.
Pj -e-Fus eho lder a nd fuse. F u se a mperage depe nds upo n
tra nsrormer s ize.
PLl-1l5 volt neon pi lo t light and s ocket.
Jl- P anel type con venience outle t.
AC li ne c or ti and p lug.
P ane l lind bOI(; s ize dependen t upon transformer dfmen-
arona,
H a r d wa r e : solder , w i re. screws. n u ts . washers. etc.

' 0 o.
INPUT Il~V AC

'0 0'
POWER SWITH
VAR Y -V(l LT

@
"" • "
r''-1f-------
SI NEON P ILOT

""--"""-'--+--=-,
6
""
POWER '"'"
o
+ 6 .3<0 '>----<l
+ 6.3..- .,
•
, • e
example, when the swit ch is in positions 1 to
4, the lower deck connects the filament wind- e ,
ings in ser-ies-buck ing wi th th e primary. I n OU T PUT
r
s witch positions 5 to 7 t he lower deck reverses
the con nection s to the fi lament wi ndings, plac-
ing th em in ser- ies-a iding with the primary. •
The upper deck of the switch selects the de-
s ir ed voltages. •r
Con struction of the Va r y-Volt is qui te s im-
ple. Dimens ions have not been inclu ded s ince S2 ~-,;::;;;;- ...J
VOLTAGE S EL ECTOfl S WITCH
they will vary with the s ize and sha pe of
tran sformer available. The pan el may be fas-
S WITC H
tened to a wood en baseboard or mounted in a POSITIO N
VOLTAG E

ventila ted cabinet. P r epa r e the panel for drill-

ing' a nd cut t ing by fo llowi ng F ig. 5. Mou nt ,, 11 5 - 5 -s.3 - s3 - 9 1.4
11 5 - s. 3-6.3 - 10 2 ,4
1I~- 6. 3 - 10 8.7
t he voltag-e selector s witch , power swit ch, pilot •e Il~-O - 11 5 .0
light, fu se ho lder and outlet as sho wn. Wire 1l~ .5 - 120.0
according to the diagram. Use color -coded wire •r 11 5 +5. S . 3 • 126. 3
1 1 ~. ~.S .3 .S.3· 132.6
if a va ilable. T hi s will reduce cha nces of errol'
a nd make troubleshooti ng easier.

MAY 1961
 WIBU
-

Moonstruck

Dove Bell , W 8GUE/6

3209 Nort h More ng o Ave .
Altedene, Celifoml e
 I could see the outline of the big di sh against
the f u II moon a s I followed J ack through
t he hangi ng feedl ines to Building C (t he
chicken coo p.) I fought my way t h rough th e
bu shes whi ch had somehow su r-vived t he
thron gs of h a ms who had pushed th em a side.
J ack th rew a switch with the ceremony of
lig hting u p a world's f a ir. He ha s a flai r f or
t he d ramatic. And well he might. Th e flood-
ligh t s ill um inated a hug e dis h , t wen t y-s om edown the ladder, several looks at t he chart, a nd
feet in d iamet er, which at that moment looked
like t he pride of Gold ston e.
"There s he is , Da vid ," he sai d with a mazin g
reserve. . I had neglected to tu ne. Gettin g t he dish on
I mumb led a wow or a gee or sim ilar.
"It's just a leetl e on e," he sa id, "but it 'll th e .4.5:/ dial ba ck and f or th . He squealed the
hit the moon all r igh t ."
Aft er fumbling a moment with his coat-
hanger "lock ," Jack s tep ped into Building C.
"C'mon in here and get warmed u p."
I told h im I'd be in in a minute a nd walked
over to t he di sh . It was held 15 or 20 feet in
th e air by two hug e, st eel pipes bu ri ed in se v-
era l yard s of concrete. In the gl a re of th e
lights I cou ld see what looked li ke a n automo-
bile different ial welded to t he top of the su p-
porting pipes, and on th is was mounted the
al umin um an d chicken wi re dish. A huge cou n-
ter weight bala nced the a ffa ir. It occurred to
me that a ll Jack needed was a heanstalk and
he could have convinced th e "Twilight Zon e"
producers that he h ad stolen the g iant's sieve.
" C'mon in he re. You'll freeze yourself out
t here ."
Build ing C had n 't wa r med up much , but Jack
wa s r ubbing his hands over t he kerosene stove.
He pointed to sever al, ora nge-crate su pported
benches which bulged with equ ipment.
"That's t he deevice."
I looked at t he collection of commercial ,
home-brew, and bread-board ge a r.
"I sn't t hat a sigh t ?" he a sked .
I had to agree t hat it was.
" Sammy ought t o be on righ t now. Soon a s
ever yt hing warm s up we'll be hearing m oor/ -
bounce."
I looked at the equ ipment. A commercial
power su pply with cont rols completely fo reign
to t he or dina ry ha m ( me.) A r ack f ull of what
I think we re filters of various ki nds. Th e on ly
recognizable object was a Be .45.1 surrou nded
by a dozen t ubes and i-f ca ns to "get the fre -
que ncy down to eart h."
J ack bent over the receiver, pointed to a spot
on the dial, a nd sa id t h at was Sa mmy's f re-
quency. He r ocked the r eceiver dial back and
fo rth, squealed the Q-mu lt iplier a cou ple of
t imes, and ad j usted the parametric ampl ifier came a low, beat note. It went off, then came
power su pp ly.
HI don't hear h im," he sa id with mock in -
credu lity. "I can't u nder st a nd it." He look ed
at me as if he expected me to come up with of looki ng ."
a solut ion.
"I know," he sa id , " we f orgot t o point the
thing ." He la ughed at his joke and pushed moon, to the semi-wilderness of Dor set , Ohio
MAY 1961
the warped , coop door.
"You t une and I'll ai m," was his parting
shot.
1 moved to the door to watch him point the
ant enna. W hen he had it un tied a nd f ree-
swingin g, he a imed it r oug hl y at t he moon ,
then climbed a step la dder a t t he base of t he
mou nt to check his compass r eadi ng s aga inst
h is pocket-c hart. After sever a l t ri ps u p and
innu merable sig-hting's through t he telescope,
he t ied eve ryt hing do wn and ca me ba ck ins ide.
" Hea r h im yet? "
t arget was a fasci nating operation. J ack rocked
Q·m ulti pli er. He looked at his wat ch.
" Be about a minute before the moo n catches
u p with t he dish ," he sai d, a nd we nt back to
t uni ng . \Ve listened t o the roa r an d hi ss come
out of t he small s peaker. J ack boosted t he
volume and started a rustic tape recorder. He
again looked a t his watch.
" Maybe t he moon's ru n n ing a little slow
tonight," he said, and the n la ugh ed.
U H F noise, tube noise, and Q-multipl ier
squea l fi lled Bu ilding C an d mu ch of the empt y
cou ntryside .
"Hea r anything, Dav id ?"
" No," I sa id .
"You don't ?"
"No ."
" well , I don't either," said J ack. " Must be
someth ing wrong."
--
We we nt ou ts ide. As .Iack ge ntly n udged t he
d ish, I sighted the moon t h rough the telescope.
" Put the cross hairs on the leading edge of
the moon."
I did a s I was told. T he cross hairs wer e j ust
off cen te r. At that mome nt, fr om Building C.
on a ga in .
"There's old Sa mmy. W e f ound h im ," sa id
J ack. " I knew he was t here. J ust t akes a bit
He was th ere. And loud. From the Rh odo-
dendrom Swam p of \Valt ha m , Ma ss., to the
29
 t he 1, -1000 linear lighted up with what, mo-
me nts befor e, had been a 1296 me signal. A fter
playing a minute or so of the loudest portion
of t he tape, Jack picked up t he microphon e.
" I guess my receiver is working OK, eh
Sammy?"
"It sounded pretty good tonight," sa id Sam.
He's not noted for su per la tives.
" \Vh at did you t hink of it, Lew ?" asked J a ck .
Lew, it seemed to me, sounded a little breath-
less. If so, it was understandable.
After t he schedule wa s affirmed for the fol-
lowi ng even ing a nd WIB U had sig ned off, an
AM s ta t ion came on "the frequency com pla in-
ing about the nuts wh o imitated Russian jam-
ming sig nals. I su ppose Jack 's ta pe recording
did sou nd a bit lik e a jamming st a t ion. It oc-
in about two seconds. Quite a trip at 1296
megacycles. And there I stood on a ladder
under a ch icken-wire dish listeni ng to t he
wavering note.
"He's not ver-y loud yet", s aid Jack.
I thought he was at least 8-9 on any con-
ser va tive meter.
"You got it on th e leading edge ?"
I checked the moon in the cross hairs .
.Ja ck t ied the a nten na down while I kept
him sighted on target. \Ve went inside to
listen t o the loud se ries of dashes which s ig-
nall ed another success for Jack and Sam. After
we liste ned for It few minutes, the moon moved
on and the sig na ls fad ed out. Jack rewound
the tape r ecorder and lifted off the tape.
"That was a pretty good test," he sa id with
rare modesty. " Let's go in and play this to
Sa mmy."
The familiar s ide ba nd kilowatt at W8LIO
was warmed up (a s u sual) and set to 7250
kc for the schedule with \VI B U /\VI F ZJ.
"Hello, Sam; Hello, Sam; Hello, Sammy.
Thi s is W8LIO calling you. \V1 B U, t h is is
W8LIO."
Immed ia tely came the an swer.
"\V8LIO, thi s is \VIBU."
This st a nda r d reply caught .Iuck off g uard .
"Who's this?" he a sked.
"This is Lew, \VlICP:'
"Is Sammy there, Lew ?"
"He's coming in now." Fred Collins WIFRR t uni ng W I BU
lIOK. I'll play my little tape for you boys
if you 'r e r eady." cur -red to me then that hams are in two gen-
J ack st a r ted hi s battered tape recorder, a eral categories: the pioneers a nd everybody
tw in of the one in Building C. H e plugged e!se. For a moment that night, I was among
the ou t pu t of th e r ecorder into the 20-A and the pioneers. • .. W8GUE /6

More About Club Subscriptions

Same m essage a s last month. Clubs subs are only $2.50 each in groups of five or more sub-
scr iptions . Please list name, call a nd address. Subs must all st ar t with next published issue.
All back issues must be ordered sep a r a tely at 50¢ each. Clubs must be a bsolutely bonafide.
having been in existence for at least ten minutes before ordering group subsc r ip tions.

30 73 MAGAZI NE
 Moon Relay
B;l1 Ash by K2TKN
Requirements Box 9 7
Pluckemin, New Jersey

MOON RELAY REQUIREMENTS

•
z ClC., Odb
,,
-,'"
0:1>-
(J)>g '~, I I +
,, 10 db
"'0- ", ". . I
X
;c:
-,
-t-t
0 ,
,, I
'.I
''''C~
-, !'S< I
I
I -t
+", 0
,, 1',(0" " I I
'",
'll
20 db
"''''
0'll
<,
, , I '~.s'~ •
'~ I c
"'c ).<"0- ,, I ,, , I '"'" 30 db

'" I ,,~~+. •-, I • I

0
<
40 db
I "' , I ,, • I '":I>z
I 2SIdb " , I • , 'i.
-2S0db , , ,,
-t 50db
• C')
, ~
-260db
• -Z. 60 db
•

-270db 70 db

80 db
SO
MC
100
MC
I ISOOMC 1K MC I SK
MC
I44 132 1296
MC MC MC

Given: Receiver sen sit ivit y of - 175 db below mum

1 watt.
Transmitter power output 0: 300
watts on CW or SS B.
Acid: Actu a l gain in db above a dipole of
both receiving and tran smitting an-
tennas, less feedline loss.
P la ce this gain on chart on the fre-
quency you are using. The number of
db t h is extends int o the shaded por-
• tion gives you the signal/noise ratio.
Faraday Shift and other fading: 10 db mini-
mu m
Doppler Shift: 3.5 cycles per megacycle maxi-
Why? If you can get 10 db into the shaded
portion you can talk to other amateurs up to
12,000 miles away 365 days of the year!
This is based upon recent, extremely ac-
curate, moon circuit loss info and agrees with
every actual bounce we know of . . • W4AO,
WIFZJ. W2NLY. W,.,ETJ. etc. With the big-
gest 50 me antennas you could get up (20 db)
it would take 3 KW output from the trans-
mitter. On two meters (23 or 24 db antenna)
it takes a full KW output (not input). And
thi s just gets the minimum detectable signals.
.• • K2TKN

MAY 1961 31
 Simple
., Super
•

•
~
• •
Sideband
•
• •
• i

• •
• • •
A ng e l Fer nondez W2N Q S
20 17 Ho rne che st A ve nue
Bro oklyn 29. N. Y.

SOME like single s ideb and a nd some do n't
a s the sa ying goes, but like i t or not this
si deband exci ter ca n g ive you a taste of side-
band operation with a rig in the Cadill ac
class at a price more in line with "compact"
quality.
Built around the new RCA type 7360 beam-
deflection tubes, it gives 60 db or more of
carrier suppression and more than 40 db sup-
pression of the unwanted sideband. These
fig-ures decome all the more astonishi ng when
you note that it's a phasing-type exciter rather
than a filter riR'_
Before you rush into the shack and start
slinging solder, though, please note that t his
unit as described is an exciter only . Its output
is 1 volt peak-to-peak at 1700 kc. It still needs
a mixer to get to your favorite band, and this
mixer can be combined with a VFO to give
you band hopping ability.
The complete exciter is show n in block-dia-
gram form in Fig. 1. RF generated by the
carrier oscillator is fed into a phase-shifting
network and from there into a pair of 7360's.
Audio from the mike, meanwhile, is amplified
and phase-shifted separately. Each audio chan-
nel is then phase-split to get a push-pull signal,
and these two push-pu ll audio signa ls are also
fed to the 7360's.
To those familiar with phasing exciters, this
block diagram won't look too different from
the conventional type. Just a d ifferent kind
of balanced modulator, that's all. But therein
made, don't creep and consequently require
little readjustments later.
One note a bou t the 7360 at th is poi nt. L ike
all cathode-ray tu bes (and t hat's about wh a t
it is, although it doesn't. look much like the
usual CRT) this bottle doesn't like stray mag-
netic fields. T hey play hob with its ope ration.
T he r efor e, it must be kept a s fa r as possible
from all such chunks of iron as transformers
and filter chokes.
Keeping this point in mi nd, constr uction is
straightfo rward . T he sc hemat ic d ia gr am is
shown in Fig. 2. You can u se the chassis lay-
out shown in photo or fit it into your own
s pace ; however, if la yout is cha nged be sure
to keep all components and w iring associated
with the plates and the deflecting electrodes
symmetr-ical, Extremely sma ll differe nces in
stray capacitance can give you ba lan ce trou-
bles later on.
Construction is simplified by use of Vector
turret sockets, permitting each section to be
wired separately and installed in t he chassis
after wiring is finished.
..., .w "M
.,'!£' t311'''"1"'' -1:'.'11 <t- ." ..,~
_.
I I-
'w
.- .j..
~ ~.

.._. L ,-
~ f-
lies the secret of success, for adjustment of
the 7360 balanced modulator is simple and t A""'U
't:H
'"
~

-
n ro
.~
- - f- M~ •

straightforward, u nl ike adjustment of t he ,~ ~

conventional diode-ring or lattice modulators. •

w het 's more, the balance adjustments, once Fig. I

32 13 MAGAZINE
 r- . - - - - -
.-.,
•

-
• I I
-
•
• o
o
•
-
•
•

:-
.,
•
---- -~
.,
:. :,
• ••
,• -,
"
1 •

.
.~;b­
-
~ ::: .
! § .. ,.
•••
~
I ,j
,I;""

! • g
,~
, '0•
,
•~.
"
-, ~•
•
•

•
• • ."
l~., .-
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ie
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,
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,•
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.. f-+ ,
- ...
""·
•
H ,
i ,
,•
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.,• •
, ,,d l-
• •
,
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, ~.
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i
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1.<J-f
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,

Fig . 2

MAY 1961 II

• justing for maximum indica t ion on the VTVM.
Once built, t he rig must be adjusted. Ini-
tially, you n eed a r eceiver tunable to 1700 k c,
a VT Vl\I with rf probe, and an af oscillator.
Operational ad j u st men ts are made using the
sha ck receiver only.
I niti a l adj ustment of the exciter is as fol-
lows:
1. Check t he power supply t o ma ke certain
its outp ut is humfr ee. One way of doing t his
is to connect a pair of phones in series with
a 0.1 mid 600-volt capacitor from B + to
ground (CAUTION: Turn off power first) and
li sten.
-
Use of vector turret sockets 9reatly simplifies
th e constru ction of t his exciter. This 7360
bala nced modu lator lools more complicated
than it is due to t he artistic double mirror photo
by W2Q DM who wanted you t o see all sides
at once.
l4
2. Adjust R5 until th e VR tubes glow. Make
certain that they remain lit with the exciter
operating; if they go out , readjust R5.
3. Resonate the low-pass filter at 3 kc u sing
an af oscill a tor a s shown in Fig. 5 and ad-
4. Adj ust LA until measured voltage from
pin 6 of the 6C4 t o ground is-18 vde.
5. A pply a I kc s ig nal to MI KE input and
moni tor voltage at pin 6 of V3. Adjust R6 for
a read ing of I volt R~IS (2.8 v P -P ) . Ma rk
set ting', return to zero.
6. U sing t he receive r. locate the carrier n ea r
1700 kc. Unbal ance Ita and R4 a nd pea k t he
signa l w ith receiver tu ning. Adjust R 3 a nd R4
in t ur n unt il sign al nu lls out. When adjust -
ment is correct, the currier will be completely
g on e and can not be loca ted even w ith BFO.
7. W it h 1 kc sig na l at MIK E input. adjust
R6 until receiver 8-me ter indica tes approx i-
mately 8-8. You should hear a 2-kc tone. Wit h
receiver select ivit y in sh a r pest position, tune
higher in frequency until S-meter peaks.
P la ce SIDEBAND SELECTOR switch in po-
s it ion 1 and adju st Rl and R2 in turn to null
out th e sig na l. Place SIDEBAND SELECTOR
swit ch in position 2 and signal should return.
8. Return switch to position 1 and slowly
t une 2 kc lower in frequ ency until sig na l is
again peaked. Place switch in position 2 and
touch up adju stments of Rl and R2 if neces-
sa r y. T hese adjustments are somet h in g of a
compromise, but even at worst you will get
somet hing like 40 db su ppr ession of the un -
wa nted sideba nd. Ad j u st ment is now complete.
F eed output of ex citer to mixer and amplifier
of you r own choosing and BeNU on the bands.
9 Me Output
Since many of you will be wanting t o have
the out put on 9 me, you will wa nt to know
what changes a re necessary. The osc illa tor
should have a 3 uh coil {Ld} made up of 11
turn s of #26 enu m. on a Nation al XR -72 f orm
with a three turn link on the cold end of the
winding'. Cha nge the crystal to a 9 me cr ys t a l.
The plate conde nser sh ould be ch a nged from
330 to 100 mmfd. The two .001 condensers in
t he bridge circu it of the oscillator output
should be ch a nged to 175 mmfd.
Parts List
Hl ~R 2 -500 o hms linear Ohmi te CU-5011 2W
R3-R4-5000 ohms linear Ohmite CU-5021 2W
C I- 20 mmfd pe r sect io n d ifferential variable Johnson
160-311
RFG-2.5 mh N a t ional R50
Ll ·L2 ~TV linearity coil. Miller 63 15 4-30 mh
L3-4 t u rns #26 enam. o n col d e nd of U
U -L5--4 3 turns #,l 6 enam. o n ~4 " dia m eter f o rm.
Na tional XR-7 2
L6-4 t u r ns wound o n cente r of L5
'" W2NQS
73 M A GAZI NE
 TESTS

the Knight-Kit G. D. O.

Stephen Abre ms W20KU

BYnow the reader of 73 Magaai ne must be qu ency ranges, ditto. \ Vhy , t hen, t he great
number of a r ticles ? Ther e are a t least two
. r a t he r fa m iliar with t he subject of grid-
dip m,eters. The circuits are basically similar; rea sons. The fi r st is s imple. Give the reader
the SIzes of the "boxes," likewise; the f1'e- a sa m p le of what is available in specifications
and equipment. The second is only slightly
more subtle. Occasionally a manufacturer will
provide a " something" in hi s equipment, either
Price: $22.95 making its u se more convenient or providing
a novel u sage, that may make it more worthy
Time for construction: One evening of consideration by the buyer. This kit, happily,
Range: 1.5-300 mc satisfies both reason s.
Red 1.5-3 .5 Th e Knight G ~30 lists for $22.95, a n d is
Viole! 3A-8.5 avail able only in kit form . It covers t he fre-
Blue 8.2-20 quency range from 1.5 to 300 mc in six bands
Orenqe 19 -45 a s listed in the s pecifica tions column. The case
Yellow 45 -110 is of sa t in fini shed aluminum and occupies a
Green 105 -300 s pa ce of 6 1,4 x 3 ;S x 1 th inches. The completed
Input power: 105-125 volts. 50-60 cps. unit is quite light, weighing in at 1 lb. 10 oz.
at 3 wetts .~'~ II. This, combined with the serrated dial extend -
Uses: Determine tuned circuit frequency~ ing beyond the case, permits easy one-hand
Determine circuit 0 operation.
In a ny gr id-d ip meter a point of m aj or i n-
Measure inductance
tere st is t he freq uency scales. I n t his kit the
Measure cepecitence
prewound plug-in coils which determine the
Phone end CW monitor
C rystbl tester end mar~et gen- frequency range have been color-coded to cor-
respond to sim ila r coloring located on the case
erator
below the markings on the clear plastic tuning
SigMI qeneretor
Nejrtrelizeficn adjustment dial. If you have ever u sed a GDO and sud-
denly found yourself wondering which scale
aresitic lind harmonic checks
should be read you wuold appreciate t his fea-
Coa~se frequen1Y measurement
t ure. The sca les are clearly marked on the
(Continued on pag e 37)

MAY 1961 35

!
 Propagation
Charts
DliVid A. Brown K21GY
30 La mb ert Ave nue
Ferminqdele. N. Y.
The hands listed are ~IUFs and a higher
ba nd will not work for th e time period listed.
Lower bands will work, but not nearly as well.
Times are G~IT. not local time.
T hese charts are to be used as a guide to
ham loa d openings for the month of May,
1961 to t he various countries li sted. I will he
interested to hear of your results in u sing
these charts and to know what other areas
)'OU might wi sh included in future charts.
Advance:! Forecast: May 1961
Good 6-7, 16-1 8, 20-3 I
Fair I, 3.5 , 8, 12-15, 19
Bad 2, 9· 11
Quick and Cheap
Exp erimenters will fi nd a. mi niature double
clip, made by solde r ing two of the s ma llest
allig-ator clips tog-ether end to end, an almost
indispensable a id to breadboard construction
of electronic projects. U sing the miniature
twin-clip eliminates solder ing- of components in
early assembly stages, a nd allows instant sub-
st it ut ion when determin ing exact parts values
for experimental projects. Cos t of the midget
clips used to maek t he tiny twin -clip is 7 cents
each in indi v idua l quantitie s, or 44 cents for
100making the twin-clip's cost negligible in
comparison to the cost of parts s a ved through
its u se. . . . K5JKX
MAY 1961
(G .D.C . from page 35)
knob with litt le cha nce for parallax a s there
is only sm a ll clearance between t he sca le and
ha irline. The quality a nd quantity of the dial
markings are su it a ble fo r the ranges pre-
sen ted. A part icularly desirable feature of this
unit is the inclu sion of a movable hairline.
Thi s permits the e xact sett ing of a particular
frequency and a higher than normal frequ ency
accuracy for t he im mediately s u rround ing
regi on of the dial. The data pl otted in Fig. 1
wa s tak en by setting th e hairline t o a mea s-
u r ed who le-numbe r fre quency near the cen te r
of the range tested, and varying the dial
set t ing from that point. Setting th e hairlin e
parallel to the length of the chass is, a s is done
in the initial calib ration, results in frequen cy
accuracies comparable to other units in the
sa me pr ice range.
T he st a bilit y of th e unit with changes of
line voltage wa s found to be a lmost indepen-
dent of operating f r eq ue ncy. The average sh if t
was I DO cps /volt of line variation. A s thi s
variation wa s mea su red for voltages from 90
to 130 vac (let's hope yours is never worse) J
ac line st a bilit y should be no probl em.
Constr uction of the meter proved to be quite
easy a s the instructions are almost childishly
s im ple. Care must of course be taken in wiring
the rf circuits. The unit wa s built in the
course of one evening with n o perspira tion ap-
pearing on the brow of the a ssembler. It is
plea sa nt to be a ble to st a t e that it worked
immediately; due credit mu st again be given
to the instructions . It is worth noting- here
t hat the manua l accompanying the equipment
incl udes, in addition to const r uct ion a l detail s,
complete descriptions of how to use the GDO
in all the applications mentioned in the s pecs
colum n . Al so inclu ded is a reactance-frequency
nomograph (easy to u se) ha ndy for some of
the appl ications : inductance and capacitance
determination.
E lect r ica lly the cir cu it is one which ha s
almost become st a nda rd . A 6A F4A UHF triode
is u sed as a Colpitts oscillator with the r eso-
nan t circuit made up of the plug-in coil and
dial dr iven var iable ca pacitor connected be-
twee n grid and plate. Provis ion for the use of
hea dphones for audio monitoring is made with
a pan el jack which s imu lt a neousl y removes
the indicating meter from the circui t . Use a s
a wuvemeter is a ccomp lished by se tti ng the
uni t for minimum sens it ivi t y which removes
s up ply voltage from the tube, permitting it
to act a s a tuned diode de tector.
All in a ll the G-30 is a sa t isf actor y exampl e
of a dev ice which shou ld be present in every
ham sh a ck. A s to why you should have one
in your sh uck , I refer you to the list of u ses
prin ted here a nd t o t he Radio Amate ur Hand-
book (ARRL).
• • • W 20 K U
31
Econom ical Custom Resistors
A L ow C ost Approach to th e Precision R esistor Problem
ex per imen ter, faced with t he problem of
T HE
ob taining prec ision or h igh sta bilit y r e-
sistors, has a variety to choose from. Accurate
wire-wound and deposit ed film carbon r esi stors
may be purch ased in many stock values and
packaged in a number of configur at ions . In ad-
dition, other sophisticated t ypes are available
to suit those with exotic tastes a nd thick wal-
lets.
Two complications ari se which limit th e ap-
pl ication of th ese components in the general
run of home construction proj ects . First, the
cost is h igh, rangi ng fr om under a dollar f or
en amel insulated, carbon film types t o over
$15.00 f or the high er value wir e-wou nd re-
s istors . The secon d problem is that r equired
values, in the desired tol erances, may not be
stocked . Th is is true despite t he wide range
of listed values. F or example, t he cat alogs Hat
nearly 500 stock r esistance values in th e IRC
and Tex as Instrument lin es of encapsulated,
depos ited fil m r esistors.
The usua l answer to t he problem of pro-
hibi t ively expensive components , at lea st f or
t he amateu r or ex pe r imenter , is to turn to
military or commercial su r plus stocks. While
th is an swer is st ill valid, th e chances of ob-
ta ini ng a high percentage of requi red preci-
s ion va lues from these sour ces are mi nimal.
Before and after view of altered resistors.
Ca rbon film unit is protected by nail polish
while the wire-wound resistor has a layer of
plastic tape applied.
Th ere is a si mple, low cost solution to thi s
p roble m but , before going into the methods
a nd procedu res, a look at th e basic character-
istics of these components is in order.
In general terms, a precision resistor is a
38
Roy E. Pefen berq
resi stor that may be manufactured to very
close r esi stance t olerances, rangin g from a
sma ll fraction of one percent to about t wo per-
ce nt deviati on from their nominal value. Such
resistors will maintain thi s degree of accuracy
for long period s of t ime and under adverse
conditions of temperature and hum idity. Any
variation of resista nce with respect to tem-
perature is s mall and, when the temperature
is restored to normal, the resistance return s
very close to the original value. Each of the
t ypes menti oned above f all in t his gener a l
catego r y.
The conventional pr ecision wire-w ound r e-
sisto r is simpl y a length of suit a ble r esistance
wire, wound on a bobbin or other form, an d
p rov ided with terminal s or leads. l\1any types
are available and the fi ni shed r esistor mayor
may not be encapsu lated. T hese resi stors ma y
be manufactured to extremely close t olerances
and are r elatively expensive.
The carbon film resi stor consists of a ec ru -
mic rod with a layer of carbon combu stion
products deposited on the outer su rface. Ter-
min ation is effected by crimping end ca ps and
leads on eit her end of the rod . The r esist a nce
is often broug-ht to final value by cu tt ing a
sp ir al groove, through t he carbon, for the
length of the rod. In thi s event, t he th ickness
of the fi lm and the pitch of the s pir a l deter-
mine t he resistance. The fini shed r esi stor may
be protected by ena mel insulation or may be
potted in casti ng r esin. The basic manufactur-
ing process is low in cos t and wide tolerance,
film resistors are becoming common in all
types of equipment. In spection and testing to
close tolera nces increases t he cost con si der-
ably. E ven so, they are the least expensive of
the precision resi stor fami ly, with so me types
of 1 % tolerance available at under sixt y cents
eac h.
A review of ex per iment al applicat ions of
precision, high stabili t y and / or low noise r e-
sistor s is in or der . Requirements for such
r esi stors f all in four gener a l eategm-ies :
1. P recis ion, high st ab ili ty resi sto r s of pre-
determined value a nd tolerance.
2. Precis ion, high st a bility resistor s of u n -
73 MAGAZINE
 determined value, the resistance of which
mu st be adjusted, in circuit, to meet
known st a nd a r ds of performance.
3. Two or more precision resistors for use
where the absolute r esistance valu e is of
minor importance, bu t wh ere the r esi st-
ance r elationship of on e to the other
mu st be controlled to a high degree of
accuracy.
4. Re s is tors of t he precision type f or use
where the absolute r esistance valu e is of
min or importance but where th e char-
acteristics of high stabilit y and low noise
are required.
The cost of new st ock , carbon film and wire-
wound precision r esistors is often prohibitive,
however both types are r eadily available on
the s u r p lus market. Fantastically low prices
are the order of the day. For example, TAB
of New York lists them a t 35 for $.99,
LEKTRON of Chelsea, Mass. at $3.00 per
pound and Br ook s Radio a nd TV Corporation
of New York at 40 for $1.00. Both the carbon
film and wire-wound resistors, of the un-en-
capsu lated types, may be cha nged in value to
meet specific requirem ents. Th e j ob is rela-
tively s imp le and pays off in dollars sa ved .
The firs t step in producing cu stom resistor Carbon film resistor is quidly raised to desired
values is to obta in an ins trument of sufficient value by removing a portion of th e carbon film
accuracy to sa t isf y the application at hand with sandpaper.
and thi s requ irement ca n vary widely. In the
s implest case, where th e value of a resistor
mu st be adju sted to achi eve known st a nda r ds
of equipment performance, on ly the test equip-
ment no r ma lly required for maintenance of
the device would be needed. In ot her cases,
where sta bili ty rather than ext reme accuracy
is t he objective, a good oh mmeter may suffi ce.
A resistance comparator bridge, such as de-
scr ibed in the December, 1959 issue of Radio-
El ectronics, is a low cost solut ion if very close
to le ran ce, matched r esi stors are required. In
the article, "Match Resistors Fast," I. Queen
gives con strucion detail s for H very inexpert-
aive but very accurate instrument. As a matter
of fa ct, t he money saved on a couple of
matched pair requirements will probably cover
the cost of the parts to build the bridge and a
reason a ble s tock of su r plus , carbon film re-
sisto rs.
However, for t hose applications where ab-
solut e res istance value is of importance, an
accu r a te r esi stance bridge is the best answer.
These inst ru ments , t ho ug h si mple and wid ely
used, are relatively ex pens ive. Substantial sav-
ings can be obtained on the s u r plus and used
equipment market but the cos t is s t ill high.
If a b ridge is not available, it sho uld not
prove too difficult to secur e the use of one for
the shor t time required. Suggested sou r ces are
Wire-wound resistors respond to similar treat- t he larger distributors, t rade schools , public
ment. Preset the bridge to the desired resist.
ence value and connect one end of the re o schools and private industry.
slstor to the bridge. Unwind resistance wire Enamel insulated, ca r bon film resi stors are
from the free end of the resistor, passing it ver y easy to adj ust to any rea sonable, higher
through the other terminal of the bridge, until r esistance value. It is recommended that the
the bridge indicates balance. initial value be at least half the desired value

MAY 1961 39
to avoid st abilit y problem s and excessive re-
duction in the wattage rating of the resistor.
To change th e va lue of the resi stor, mount the
unit on the br idge te rminal s a nd a dj ust the
br idg-e to t he desir-ed final resi stance value.
Loop a st r ip of fine sa nd or emery paper over
the body of t he resistor and sa nd lightly unt il
the bridge indicates balance. P r oceed cau-
tiou sly to prevent undu e heating- of the re-
sistor and to avoid overshoot ing t he desired
valu e, This method is foolproof and is both
qu ick a nd acc urate. The photog-r a ph shows the
procedure a nd it is a s si mple as it appears. A
coa t of na il pol ish, in your favor ite shade , will
provi de moisture protection and give a cu stom
appearance. l\Iarking decal s rn a)' be added f or
a truly cu stom job.
wire-wound r esi stors respond equally well,
although th e t echnique is slig-ht ly d ifferent.
The resi st or selected mu st be of higher re sist-
ance t han the deaire-I valu e an d the redu ction
in wattage rating will be in d irect proportion
to the percentage of resist a nce wire r emoved.
Expose the resistance win ding, clip and then
unwind a portion of the winding. Set the
bridge control s to ind icate th e desired value
and conne ct the undi sturbed t erm inal of the
resi stor to one term ina l of the bridg-e. Con-
ti nue to unwind t he re sistance wire a nd s lide
the wire through th e other terminal of the
brid ge u ntil balance is indicated. Enamel in-
sulat ion can be scr a ped on the terminal post
to make con tact until the balance point is ap-
proached . P or t ions of wrap ped in su latio n ma y
be removed in a s imila r f a shion. When the
balance point is localized to a f ew inches of
wire, ca ref ully r emove all th e insulation in
t hat area and arri ve at t he final balance point
with t he wire secu rely clamped in the terminal
post . Mark thi s point, slide a length of insulat-
ing tubing over the bare wire, and rewind on
t he bobb in. Caref ully so lder the resistance
wire to the term inal and mea sure the re-
sist a nce to in sure that nothing has gone
wrong. A layer of plastic tape around the
bobbin will provide protection and give a com-
mercial appearance.
The photograph shows th e method used. The
t ime r equ ired to adju st a resistor to t he de-
sir -ed value is less t ha n t hat expended in rea d-
ing a description of the method . The remai ning
photograph sho ws before and after views of
both ca r bon film and wire-wound units.
The techn iques outlined above wiII provide,
at nominal cost and li ttle effor t , precision re-
s istors for experimental applications a nd will
permit their use in proj ects where t heir cost
would normally be p rohibitive. I mp r oved and
predictable performance of critical circuitry
are two of t he maj or advantages gained.

Calibrate YOM AC Sea es ,

Th e ayerage VO.:\I can be checked for ac- pendabl e read in gs. . .. Bentley
curacy qu it e easily on DC and OH1\lS scales
{us ing mercury cell s and precision r esistors),
but the AC sca les arc usually a problem. Try-
in g to calibra te t he instrument us ing the line
voltage a s a sta nda rd is gener ally a wa ste of
ti me , si nce vari at ions a re so great and un -
pr ed ictable.
F or less than twen ty do lla rs , you ca n pur-
chase a devi ce t hat will act as a s ta ble r egu-
lated su pply for s mall in strument s and al so
serv e to calibrate you r V01\1 within on e half
percent! Select a Ra ytheon Voltage Regul at -
ing T'runsformer, accordi ng to the wattage of
the ot her inst ru me nts you wa nt t o power. I
chose th e ~ o wa tt model, a nd use it to power
my VTV)I and my scope ca librator . The out-
pu t of each of the available t ransf ormers is
115 volts, RMS, %'10 t oler a nce.
To calibrate you r YOM, sim ply connect the
test lea ds to the trun sf'orrne r outp ut socket . A
word of caution: t he out put of t he tran sformer
is not a sine wa ve, and ca nnot he used to cali-
b ra te pea k-to-peak YTV.:\ls. Con fine yo ur t est s
t o RMS sensi ng inst r uments , such as VOM s,
and you 'll be rewa r ded wit h accurat e and de-

40 73 MAGAZINE
 Ohms by the Ya rd
Jim Kyle KSJKX/6

in the brea dboard st a ges, a rig t he sa me t hing . It ca n be subst it u ted a s a un it

E SP ECIALLY
often requi res a high-resol ution voltage
div ider or potentiometer ca pa ble of be ing set
wit hin less t ha n ha lf a deg -ree-c-or in m ore
u su a l la ngu a ge , cap a ble of bei ng ad justed to
wit hin a fr a ction of a volt yet havi ng a n over-
a ll r a nge measured in ten s of volt s.
A case in point is a 1296 me parametric am-
pl ifier rece ntly described el sewhere, w hi ch
u ses a s u r plus 2K21 a s the pump-frequency
generator. Th is reflex klystron is electrically
tu ned, and adju stment of the repeller voltage
must be exact.
A n expen sive an swer to th is problem is a
10-t ur n pot eni ometer, Thi s gadget, unknown
to ma ny hams but common in the anal og-
compu ter fiel d, req ui r es 10 fu ll turns of t he
inp ut s ha ft to t r a vel from one end of it s range
to the other. You might ca ll it a poten tiometer
w it h bunds prea d. The p r ice puts qui te a sp r ea d
on t he bank bal ance, too-it costs a m ini mum
of $10.
He r o's a less-ex pen sive device w hich does
a nywh ere a 10-t ur n pot is speci fied, but eve n
if a ll parts are pur cha sed new will cost you
less t han $6. T he $4 saved w ill more t han pay
for a year's subscr ipt ion to 73.
A s shown on th e sc hem a t ic dia gram, th is
u n it ha s a tota l r es istance of 100,000 ohms .
It wa s devel oped for u se wi t h t he 1296 me
para mp previously me ntioned. T o a dap t it to
any other total-resistance va lue, s imply ad just
a ll resi stance va lues in pro portion.
Ba sica lly, thi s gadget is a switc hed voltage
divi der, one leg of which is an ordinary TV-
type pot entiom eter. E ach sw itc h posit ion
moves the pot entiometer one-tenth of the way
up its r a ng e, effectively dividing sha ft motion
by 10 a s a result. T h us, w it h the s witch i n
position 1 a nd the poten t iometer d ial set a t
20 percent of full r otat ion, t he wipe r a r m is
2 percent of t he \va y u p the total r a nge . I n
t he s ame swit ch position wit h the pot a ll t he
wa y up, t he w ipe r is effectively a t the 10 per-
cent poin t. Movin g to s wit ch position 2 and

., eas ." Ill!>•

'28
'" ' 30 ."
'"
0,' ,-, ,- ,.. ,-, e-e H r -e ,., . - 10

... O-~ P2
1000 OtlM " W
T V POT
R... 01600 0'. ,. 10 % CARBON ..
2.P lOT ,_

Rot .,0 ee aaa ." ." ." .,. m

BOTTOM
ROO ROO RO'
'" ' OR ,OS
'" '" ."
0 -10 10- 20 20 -~ 0 30-40 40 -5 0 50- e O 6 0 - 70 10-eo eo-so 90-100

R · l0K 2 W 10'1\, CARBOO 2P lOT SW "

RO R2 .. OR .. '6
" .. ..
'00

Fiq . 2

MAY 1961 41

_________ 1
 •

sett ing the pot at zero maintains t he 10 per-

ce nt poin t, w hile opening t he pot t o 20 percent
on position 2 g ives you an effective 12 per cent
of total range. I n this ma nner, the entire range
is cove r ed.
l~O .
POWER
SUPPLY
•
- "'"
BOTTON
... •
sc-r",0<
CONT ~UOUSCY
T he idea can be expanded by adding one .., ". IAB LE

more switch and 18 more fi xed res istors as ,. TO

M' 'OlT
"'TH~

shown in F ig. 2 to give t he equivalent of a •

100-tu r n potentiometer at the same cost as -
a sta nda r d l Octurn unit. This amount of reso-
lution would allow you to choose an output
voltage between say 50 and 150 volts to withi n
0.0 1 volt if desired (a diagram of such a su p- Fig. 3
ply is shown in Fig. 3.) For most purposes,
though, the unit of Fig. 1 will su ffice. Fig. I

"'"
..0
." ." ." ." ., ." ." ...
ie-ee 20-M) 30- 40 4 0 - 50 ~0· 60 60-10 >0- 00 80-80 80-'00

...
0 ·1 0 "10 K 4W
T" POT
R_ 10K 2 . IO' CAII8ON

1l0TTO M
"' "' "' .. "' "' "' .. ..

Blowers:
Facts a nd Figures
Melvi n Leibowitz W 3KET
220 West 4th Street
Wilmington I, Delewere

F ORCED air cool ing in ham transmitters ; vir.
tually unheard of a decade ago, is now
becom ing commonplace. It is the pu r pose of
this article to help the home-brewer select t he
proper blower as information on this subject
Th e second situation can not be treated so
Iightly. T hi s is where external anode tubes
~

in contemporary literature is virtually non- •

existent. "•
There are two general situations that re-
quire forced cooli ng. The first is where a lot
•
of heat is produced in a confined space as in ,•
a high power final amplifier. Short lead con-
st r uct ion and thorough shielding required in ,•
modern construction seriously restricts the •, ~
na t ural flow of a ir and somet hing ha s to be
done to get the air moving aga in. This pr oblem •,
ca n be solved sim ply by placi ng a 3 or 4 inch c
fa n at a str a t eg ic place in t he e nclosu re so c • • 6 $ 10 ' :l '"
SlAne PRESSlIlE t..cIIES Of' "UR J
16
t hat it wiII st ir up a breeze.

42 73 MAGAZINE
 s uch a s th e 4 X 2 5 0 , PL1 7 2 , 4CX 1,OOO, e tc. are
used. These tubes must ha ve a defi nite amount
of air blown t h r oug h th ei r pl at e st r uct ure if
nor ma l tube life is to be expect ed. In-as-much
--
a s these t u bes are expensi ve, t ube life be- eo
comes a se r ious cons iderat .ion an d the h a m de-
sig ne r will want to be su r e that he is su pply ing
enoug h air.
Moat ha ms will obtain the ir blower from
military su r plus. Very often th ey will not be
- •

Fct·~
ra ted in term s of ai r outpu t but t he motor
s peed and blower s ize a re almost a lways g ive n.
The cha r t s and ta bles g ive n her e will help , ,
rtt:
~. , ~ , ,
you t o determ ine the out p ut of your blower.
c
sune: PIlESSURE ( _ S Of" WAT£R J
• to

Blowe r s come in several different sizes ac-

cord ing to th e wheel diameter. These" range
f ro m a n um ber 1 to n umber 3 as shown in about 15 0 0 -3 00 0 R.P .)1.
Tab le 1. The size of t he blower is u sually [ f you in tend to buy a su r plus blower bea r
st a mped or mould ed into the s ide of the hous- in min d th at man y of t hem a re br ush ty pe
ing . Table 1 a lso lists sever a l commo n speeds motors designed fo r low voltage direct current.
for eac h s ize wheel and t he corresponding out . Th ey will work on A. C. but the re is a possibil -
put . You can s t ill deter mine t he output if ity of them causing QR N in t he receiver. It
your blower s peed is not listed by inter polati ng ma yor may not be possible to filter them by
between t he figures given. Thi s is not st r ictly bypassing t he brushes t o the case of the
accurat e but close eno ugh f or a ll practical p ur- motor.
poses. These figures are typ ical h ut n ot neces- I n su mmati on : select t he lar g est, slowest
sar ily exa ct a s t he thickness of the wheel also blower th a t you ca n fit in the cabinet. Allow
in fluen ces th e output. It is most impor t an t t o a sa fet y facto r of 2 or more. Clean t he r otor
st r ess t hat t he figur es in Ta ble 1 a re for bl ow- blad es every f ew months p arti cula r ly if your
ers worki ng into open air , not und er pressure. transm itter is loca ted in your living quarters
a s t he blades will p ick up quite a bit of lint
and du st. A pipe cleaner moistened in water
~.
is good for t his. Be very nice to your p ar t s
-
ec
s u pplier and he may let yo u select t he qu ietest
ma chine fr om his stock.
"- Mu ny h ams are needlessly prejud iced
ag-a inst fo rced a ir cooli ng, but if t he p r inci-
ec
r.s ples set f orth h er e a re followed, dependable,
qu iet oper a t ion will r esult. . . . 'V3KET
•
- Tabl e I
c • ~ "
•
ac
"
STATIC "PRESSLtIE l'NCIlES Of" ..ATEAI
,. aa
O utp ut
Size Speed C.F.M.
The output will d r op under pressure. F ig ur es
2, 3, and -1 sho w the out pu t of di fferent s ize I 18.000 9
machines at various pressures. 1'/2 3.000 4
T he tube data sheet will tell you how much 8.000 12
a ir is r equ ired and at what pr essu r e. T wo 11 .000 I7
t ubes will r equire t wice the volu me of air but r 5,000 23
t he pressure will be the s a me a s fo r one t ube.
2 3,000 10
It would be wise to allow a sa fety f actor of at
6,000 20
least 2 a nd pref er ably 3 a s t here will be some 10,000 30
a ir leaks in the system a nd ot her los ses. 13,000 40
In spection of Table 1 shows t hat sma ll blow-
ers mu st turn at very h igh speeds in or der to 2 '/2 2.750 17
pr od uce u sable a mounts of air. Small blowe r s 6,000 35
are t o be avoid ed f or th is r eason if qu iet op- 9 ,000 52
12,000 70
erat ion is desired. T he m otor itself may be
qu iet but the h igh s peed chop ping of the a ir 20/4 1,500 25
by the fan blad es t ends to set up a loud hi ss 3,000 55
a pproach ing a n effect so met hing like a siren.
3 1.500 4()
Ther e is bou nd to be more vibration in a h igh
3.000 75
speed motor th an in a slower one. F or r ea son s 6,000 150
of quietness t hen, select a s low speed machi ne

MAY 1961 43
 How Low the Fi
NeE a radio sig na l ha s bee n detected, it's
O still somewh a t useless for our purposes
until we ca n hear it. That's the job of the
a udio sect ion in any r eceiver. Every receiver
marketed includes s uc h a sect ion , and most of
us pre t ty well take it for granted.
However, t he performance of the audio por-
t ion can make or break a set 's overall ability
fo r ham usage-and some of t he mo st highl y
ru ted receivers in rece nt yea rs have fall en
s hort in t he a udio de partme nt.
F our maj or r equ ir em ent s must be met f or
an audio section to be completely a cceptabl e:
it must have adequa te gain to allow the weak-
est sign al detected to be hea rd ; i t must have a
f requency r esponse no greater than neces sary
for t he r eception mod e chosen; it mu st be free
f r om fati guing di stortion; and, finally, its
power output mu st be no greater than neces-
sa ry for the intended serv ice.
Fortunately, all these requirements ca n be
a chi eved eas ily through homebrew modifica-
t ion s. Let 's exami ne them more closely.
Gain is an a ppa re ntly simple t hing- b ut it 's
necessu ry before anything el se becomes impor -
tant . T he audio sig na l present at the output
of m ost detectors is between 1 and 10 volts,
and most power out put st a ges require a mini-
m um of 30 volts to dri ve them to full output
(reme mb er that a udio stages-in r eceivers at
lea st- a re alway s ope rated Cl a ss A and arc
vol tage-r a ther t h a n power-driven ).
T es tin g fo r adequate g ai n is sim plici t y it-
self. Ju st di sconnect the a ntenna, turn the
audio g a in a ll the way u p, a nd li sten a t the
spe a ke r f or the hi ss of random or "white"
norse.
Howeve r , a noisy fi rst-a udio st a ge can neg-
ate the valu e of th is t est. To check for that,
pull the last if tube. If noi se per sists, your
a udio st age is noi sy. If th e no ise goes away
wh en t he if tube is pu lled, your audio sect ion
ha s su ffi cien t gain.
An operationa l test for a dequacy of ga in is
si m ply to note wha t position of the af gain
control is u sed most often. It should be at
about 12 o'clock when listening to a normally-
modulated sig na l (such a s on the broadcast
band ) . If it's o pened wider, you can use more
audio ga in eve n if the se t pa sses the preli-
mina r y test . If it's not th at far open, you
al ready have too much ga in and it mu st be
r edu ced. We'll go into ways and means of ac-
com plishing both a little far ther on.
44
Staff
Much has been written about the need for
li mited frequency res pon se in ha m rece ive r s ,
a nd t he re 's not too much to add in the way
of th eor y- bu t a little la ter we' ll go into some
not-too-w idely-k nown ways of a ch ieving the
theoretical ideal.
Ba sically , the idea beh ind frequency sha p-
ing is thi s : telephone engineers learned long
ago that while the average ea r can hear sou nds
from somewhe re around 30 cycles up to 15 or
20 kc. onl y 2700 cycl es of this s pect r um are
necessary to convey the human voice. Fre-
quenci es lower than 300 cycles or hi gher than
3000 cycles may add to a voice's char a ct er ,
but they don't add much to intelligibility.
Therefore, since the bandwidth required f or
every form of modu lation is at lea st partially
dependent on the bandwidth of the modulating
s ign a l itself, the engineer s rea soned that for
best efficiency a ll voice commu nication should
be lim ited in f requency range to the band from
300 to 3000 cycles .
While t his sounds a s if it a pplies primarily
t o t r ansmitt er s (a nd it doe s) it also ha s great
benefits in receivers. E ven if the tra nsm itted
signal cover s t he fu ll au dio s pect r um, it's like-
ly to be more intelligible a nd less fatiguing
if receiver audio bandwidth is limited to t he
2700-cycle voice-communication range .
The reasons ure twofold. First, no matter
how good the equipment, you 'll always have
some noise along' with the incoming sig na l at
the sig na l st r e ngths u sually encountered in
ham operation. W hile this noi se is evenly d is-
tributed throughout the spect r um, th e sens i-
tlvity of your ears is not so even. Most per-
sons show a peak in their hearin g between
4000 and 8000 cycles, with the maj ority of in -
dividual s ha ving the peak neal' 6 kc.
F or th is rea son a lone, cutting audio r e-
sponse off sha r ply at 3 kc makes an appar-
ently d ra stic improvement i n sign a l-t o-noise
ratio. In a ddition, th e a ctual noise voltage
p resen t is a direct fun ction of band wid th , so
by slicing down t he audio ba ndwidth t he actu-
a l sig na l-to-noise ratio is a lso in cre a sed.
Th e other reason for freq uency s ha ping is
somewha t more subtle. It begin s with a rec-
ognition of the fact t hat most ham operation
is under conditions de scribed by engineer s a s
"worst possible case." We work with incoming
s ign a ls in the microvolt-and-under range, we
habitually attempt to copy marginal doubl e-
hop sign a ls, a nd we usu ally work much closer
13 MAGAZIN E
 to t he M UF th an do t he commerc ials.
A ll of these conditions contrib ute to un-
avoidable di stortion of the rece ived s ig na l-
and much of thi s distortion is second-h a rmon ic
in nature. T h is means th at, even if t he or igi-
nal s ign a l ha s a clean 300·3000 cycle ba nd-
wi dth , by t he ti me it gets ou t of ou r detectors
it extends up to 6 kc- and those upper k ilocy-
cles are all highly-distorted s ig na l.
Howeve r , if we trim back to the origi nal 3
kc upper limit in t he aud io stages, that di s-
to rted portion of t he s ig n a l is d iscarded and
what we h ear, w hil e not so clea n a s the origi-
na l, is much i m pr oved in quality.
Occasionally you'll hear theoret icians among
us argue that audio frequ ency shaping- in a
receiver is u se less, e specia lly if t he if ba nd-
pa ss is li m it ed to 3 k c. You ca n see, however,
that both the rea son s cited above st ill exist
even when if bandwidth is reduced- since
much of the noi se and the distortion are gen -
erated in the detector st a ge of the r eceive r.
Th ese a r gumen t s lead d irectly to the next
r eq u irement f or an accepta ble a udio section :
that it be f ree f r om fat igu ing distortion .
The fad for high fidelity (and don't be mi s-
led if you 've a hi-f buff- so is the author) has
shed muc h new light on t he qu est ion of how
mu ch d ist or t ion is a ccept ab le in a ud io.
In olden days, engi neer s fig ured 5 per cent
di stortion a s a good figure . T hey're st ill using
tha t figure in communications receivers .
Howe ve r , h i-fi designers have made some
valid-soundi ng cla im s t ha t a s little a s one per-
cent di stor tion w ill prove objectionable over
a ny extended pe r iod of time.
Befor e going any farther, though, we'd be t -
ter define "distortion," s ince it means not just
one, but many things. T he re is frequency dis.
tort.ion, harmoni c distortio n, am pli tude distor-
tion, pha se distortion, intermod ulation di st or-
tion . . . .
Only two of these concern us primarily at
thi s point, and only those two--harmonic and
int er- mod ula t ion distortion-are meant. A ft e r
all, we de libe r a tely introdu ce a mplitud e a n d
freq uency di sto rtion when we na rrow the
bandpass .
But harmonic di stortion and 1M are the mo st
fatiguing to li sten to, and they're the ones on
which we shall concentrate.
The maj or causes of bot h t r ace back to a
sing le root- the a t t em pt to get too much fro m
a sing le tube. Th is is in the accepted amateur
tradition of st r etch ing each bottle to its limit
and then some, but the result can be ext r emely
un pleasant in th is ca se.
\Vhen an y tu be is stretched pa st its ce pa-
bility, it is forced to operate on non-li near
portions of its transfer curve. Thi s means that
the output sig na l is no longer an exact repl ica
of t he input signal. I n the u sual case, negative-
going pea ks of t he output signa l are slightly
fla ttened .
T he result is second -order harmonic di stor-
MAY 196 1
t ion, since t he wavesha pe becomes exactly t he
same a s t he origin al would be if between 5
and 10 percent of its second harmon ic were
added to it.
At t he sa me time thi s is going on, D [ also
rears its head . Reme mbe r ba ck to the front
en d a nd th e p r odu ct detector, and what h a p-
pen s when two freq uencies are impressed at
the sa me time on any non-linear device? Your
overdriven audio tube is certa inly non-linear,
and just a s you m ight expect, you'll get a m ix-
ing action. A ssu me t ha t t he orig in a l sig na l
consisted of only t wo tones-500 cycles ann
950 cycles . At the output, you wi ll fi nd the
original two t ones , their s um (1450 cycles),
t heir di fference (450 cycles), their secon d
harmoni cs ( 1000 cyc les a nd 185 0 cycles), the
su m ( 2850 cycles ) and t he differ ence (850
cycles) of the ha r m onics , p lu s the sum a nd
difference products of every frequency listed
so far (taken in pairs) and every fr equency
so determ ined . Some of these s pu r ious out-
put s include 1350 cycles, 100 cycles, 200 cycles,
300 cyc les, 4700 cycles, and 7550 cycles. Quit e
a mess from just two inp ut f req uencies, no ?
A nd the voice ha s not just two, but dozen s of
sim u lt a neous frequency components.
\Vh ile the picture may appear mighty black
a t th is poi n t, it's not so bad as all that. T hi s
probl em fortunate ly, can be cured pe n na-
nently in any r eceive r for le ss than a dollar.
Befor e going into circuitry, though, let's ex-
amine t he last specificati on f or acceptable
aud io: power output no greater than neces-
sary.
You wouldn't fire up a 50-foot sem i-t r a ile r
to drive the kids to school any more than you
would attempt to move seve n r oom s of furni -
ture cros s-country in a Volk swagon, but ever y
day sim ila r extr avagances of powe r- are com-
mitte d in r ecei ver a udio sect ions .
One excellent conversio n article published
a couple of years ago included as a major st ep
the incre a s ing of the set's out put power from
its rated two watt s to 10 watts. w h ile the pro-
ced ure descri be d was pe r f ect, it re prese nted
wasted effo rt fo r t he m ost part, since virtu a lly
all fixed -station ham work is carried on with
less than two watts audio.
A ct ua lly , if your sha ck is in a normally-
q uie t location, a half-watt of audio will be
more t ha n am ple with m ost s pea kers . Th e hi-
fi ex perts, agai n, ha ve p r oved that 250 milli-
watt s of a-udio power (not to be con f used with
the sa me number of milliwatts a ppl ied t o the
speake r , since the best s pea ke rs are only some
10 pe rcen t efficient) is e nough to dri ve one
sc rea m ing- fro m t he r oom . About 50 mill iwatts
of sound energy is t he average li stening level.
A ud io required for mobile work is con sider-
ably greater, si nce th e s pea ke r in th e auto
mu st compete with engine roar, wind , a nd
other tra ffic noises. There, five to 10 watts is
useful. Bu t in the fixed station , for loud-
s pea ker operation, two watts should be suf-
4S
-- 1
ficient to allow a good safety margin of power.
Of course, if you 're using phones exclusively,
power r eq uireme nt s w ill be mu ch less. In this
case, voltage am plifi ca t ion a lone is a ll th at's
necessary, since most eat-phones fu nction ad-
mirably with around 10 milliwatts of power
applied and almost any voltage ampl ifier will
furnish this small power at the high imped-
ance level of most phones.
H a vin g completed the t heoretica l discussion,
we' re rea dy to embark on the second stage of
ou r sea r ch for imp r oved au dio--the a ch ieve-
me nt of these fo ur goals.
Taking them in order, let's look aga in at
gam .
Fiq . I. Th is out board a ud io sta ge will q lve a
volta ge g ain of about 50. It ca n be add ed to
an y set suffe ring insufficient q eln by br e aking
th e co nnection to the top of the volume con-
trol , a s shown , and inserting t he a mplifier in
•
serIes.
If you need more gain, you have two choices.
You can either add an outboard stage of audio
(as in F ig. 1) or you can modify the existing
stages f or increased g ai n at the possible price
of in creased di stort ion. If you're al so intend-
ing to reduce distor tion while mai nta ining t he
same output power and int r oduci ng freqe ncy
shaping, the best bet is to add the outboard
stage.
Wir -i ng for the added stage of audio is non-
critical, except that grid and plate leads should
be se parated from each other a nd f r om a ll ac-
ca rryi ng w ires such as fi lame nt lead s . Th e
stage should be a dded ahead of the volume
control, t hus enabli ng you to keep from ove r-
load ing subsequent stages should you tune to
an unusuall~r-strongly-modulatedsignal.
If you're going to modify existing stages for
increased gain, the place to start is at t he
plate load resistor of each t ube. Thi s is based
on t he assum ption t hat you've a lre a dy subati-
t uted t ubes with h igh er amplification factors
for t he original bottles. If you haven't, do so.
Substitutes for some of the popular audio
tubes include: 6SF5 for 6J5 (requires rewir-
ing of socket); 12AX7 for 12AU7; 6AV6 for
6C4 (requires rewiring); and 6A V6 for 6AT6.
46
Other substitutes can be located in a few m in-
utes w ith a good tu be ma nual.
N ow, inc r ease t he va lues of t he plat e loa d
resistors . They shou ld go up to 470,000 ohms
in most cases, but to some deg r ee this is a
trial-and-error process. Start w ith t he first
stage and test as you go. If distortion increases
radically, trim the resistor value back a bit.
A "And)" Ohmmaker" comes in ha nd y at this
stage.
When pl a t e resistor values a r c cha nged, the
values of g r id resistors in subseq ue nt stages
must also be changed in t he same r a t io to
maintain maximum gain . However , grid re-
sistors should never exceed 2.2 megohms-s-and
the grid resistor of a power output stage
shouldn't go h ig her tha n about 47 ,000 ohms
becau se of g ri d-emi ssion effects w hich ca n
ser iously da ma ge the t ube.
If you're t r oubled by excess ga in , you a lso
ha ve two cho ices. Either you can install a re-
s istance pad as shown in F ig. 2 to get rid of
the excess audio, or you can trim the gain back
to size with feedback.
If the only modification you pl an to make is
in the gai n depa r t ment, the r esist a n ce pad is
th e bes t bet-ma inly because it 's si m pler.
H owever, if you plan to r educe distortion or
to add frequency sh a ping, wa it u ntil t hose
steps are completed before modifying the gain,
because your gain requirements are subject to
change as the modification proceeds.
F r equ en cy shaping can be attacked in many
ways . Y ou can use LC fil t er s, RL filter s, R C
filters, or combinations of any or a ll of t hese.
In a dd iti on , fee dback tricks open whole new
vistas of frequency shaping, including a djust-
able cutoff points.
The classic approach to the situation has
been through the use of LC filters. These are
__ IN SET
III
...
AI
•x e
Atten uatio n
Desire d RI a nd R2 R3
10 db 270 K ohms 330 K ohms
20 db 420 K o hms 100 K ohms
30 db 470 K ohm s 30 K ohms
40 db 470 K ohm s 10 K ohms
Fig. 2. Excessive audio g ain ma y be cure d by
insta ll ation of a T-p ad as shown. Valu es g iven
a re for repla ce men t of a 470 K g rid re sistor:
fo r oth er grid -resistor values. th ey ma y be
sca led up or d own in pr oportion.
73 MAGAZINE
 .~.
filter must be minimized. Toroidal inductors
are recommended for purposes of isolation, but
they're usually expe nsive and h ard to locate.
As a matter of fact, u n less yo u like to t inker
with the mechanical end of thi s hobby of ours,
K><,' ,as'"
00'''-
TtRMlNATlNG you'Il probably find it better to either u se the
FlESISTOR
commercia l filter or to investigate some cir-
cuits yet to be descri bed. Construction of a
- good low-pass audio filter is one of t he trick iest
th ings in ham radio.
Fig. 3. l ow-pa ss fil ter for use at IOOO-ohm im- Tur-ning again to the hi-fi designers, we find
ped anc e le vel. Cutoff fr eq uen cy is 3500 cycles. t hat they too have faced a similar problem in
Passband is fl at t o 3000 cycles. a nd all Irequ- the design of the electronic crossover network.
encies a bove 4000 cycles are down 50 db or
more. A cathode follower (not shown) is sug-
There, by sk illf ul u se of feedback, they h ave
gested to drive t he filter. managed to get LC-filter results with RC com-
ponents. Since it's the inductive element that
ava ilable commercially at a cost of approxi- plays havoc with homebrew fi lters, these cir-
mately $15, and can be homebrewed for about cuits bear investigation.
$5 (depending on the contents of the junkbox One of these circuits is sh own in Eig. 4. The
and your requirements). low-f r eque ncy cutoff is s wit ch-selected , but at
Such a filter, designed to pass freque ncies the h igh end you have continuou s adj u st ment
below 3 kc without attenuation and to su p- of t he passband. Th is enables you to cut it
press frequ encies a bove 4 kc by 50 db or more, down to 100 cycles or less for C\V reception,
is shown in Fig. 3. Note that the amount of back out to 300 and 3000 cycles for voice, and
rejection obtai nable with this filter is s imila r even wider if you like to li sten to S \V music
to the st abili ty of a VF O- it 's determined as broadcasts from time to time.
much by the mechanical construction of the Naturally, a project such a s t his is an out-
gadget a s by the electrical cir cu it used. board unit with its own controls and power
In put and output of the filter must be com- su p ply. About the only way to include such a
pletely sh ielded f rom each other. In addition, gadget ins ide the receiver ca se is to transis-
magnetic coupling between elements of the t or ize it, and that's left up to you, the creative

.,.
.,.
.8 2 M .4 7M .5 6 101I
b
.04 7
.0' .0'

<W
12AU1 • OUT

0-1
. 47 101I .27M .2 7 11II
r
---
, cr ca ca
r
•• e
.cor .00' .00' •
"OR ,.
tv ". .2 7 M .2 7 101I .2 7 M 22'
2,2 1(
LoESS
"
3 GANG
3651 SEC TIO N
40 40
+ +

--t--.=--. .. "2 ' "2.

SR-400. SI U CON DIODES

'0

Fig. 4. Va ria ble bandpass fi lte r which provides cycles. It may be varied by cha nging values of
40 d b rejectio n of unwa nt ed frequencies. Upper C I, C2 , and C3 . Doubli ng th e size of each will
cuto ff freque ncy is continuously variable from lower t he cutoff frequency by approximately
1.8 ke. to 20 ke, l owe r cutoff is fix ed at 350 t wo times. Ove r-all gain of t he filter is unity.

MAY 1961 47
r ead er. Design for mulae and exam ples ca n be
f ound in the references.
Some ti me ba ck, when discussi ng di stortion,
we sai d t hat it could be cured permanently for
less than a dollar. T his is the poi nt at which
the detail s are to be revealed.
Going back fOI' a moment to t he h i-fi de-
s igner s, we fin d th at one of th e major ad -
van ces in t he audio art was the int ro duction
of t he negut.ive- Ieedback concept. In case the
ter m is fore ign to your experience, here's the
idea in capsule form.
Distor t ion consi sts of the origina l sig nal,
pl us the d istor t ion com ponent. If the dl stor-t lon
component could be st r ipped out of the di s-
torted sig-na l, only the u ndi storted original
wou ld r ema in.
Since any voltage can be counteracted by an
equal voltage of opposite polar-ity, we have a
way by wh ich t he distortion can be reduced .
If the a mplifier output is r ed uced to a point
at which it equ als t he input, r eversed in po-
Ia rity, and the n applied back to the inp ut, th e
only par t of the signal that isn 't ca nce lled is
the distortion components.
Th is look s at if it 's self-defeat ing , a nd in
th is for m it is. But if all in put is can celled,
there's no f eedback sign al. The pr ocess adju sts
itself so that t he composi te in put to the am -
plifier will consist of a s mall input s ignal
and a la rge d istor ti on compone nt. Th is di stor-
tion is out-of-phase with the dis trot ion gen-
,,
'" *'e---
--- -- ~
'u
I-"
.. "
'. t .8
,r
I/ CeI
-L " s ig na l to the poin t of acceptability. In cr ea sed
-I="
, outboard sta ge or by chang-ing com ponent
'I.,
"'"
- --
® stage. T h us, t ak ing t he signal f rom the out -
Fig. 5. Typica l feed bad loo ps. Shown at A is
$ing le-stage loop ; at B is two-stage feedback .
Peedback voltage is d etermin ed by ratio of Rf
to the parallel combinati on of Rp I . R II , and
Rg in A, and of Rf to R~1 in B. Cf bleeks plate
voltage but must b. larg e enough to b. a
vi rtual ,hort to th e aud io at all frequen c;io$ .
48
",,,
6AU6
""',,
--- t--+-,
o-jH--+-t---
so rc
veers vc
"INPUT 411(
-
Fig. b. This output shge will deve lop 300 milli-
watts at approxi mately I p ercent distortion, and
d raws only 15 ma at maximum si':lna l. Tra ns-
former ma y b e a universe] t yp e. or one de-
sig ned for battery It'Jbe -typ e) portable use.
Note use of feed bad to reduce di$tortion. If
feedbaek resistor is o mitted , dri ve requirem ent
is only 3 volts pe ak-t o -peak but distortion rises
te nearly 10 percent.
erated in t he stage, and so is ca ncelled out.
Si nce a trace of ori g-inal input was left, we
will have a trace of distortion al so-c-but in
pr actice, this component is reduced fa r more
t ha n is the desir ed sig na l.
The disad vantages of n egati ve feedback a s
applied t o commun ications r eceiver aud io are
t h reefo ld : If too much f eed bac k is appli ed t he
ampli fie r may b reak into oscillation in spite
of the rever sed pola r ity ; the d riving voltage
r equiremen t s g o up in direct rat io to the
1 am ou nt of feedback used; and f eedback ex -
, tend s th e ba ndwidth of t he sta g-e.
,
T hat la s t item is usually consider ed an ad-
va ntage, and is an addi ti onal reason for u se
~
of feedb ack in hi-fi work. However, it wou ld
play the dickens with ou r carefully-worked-
out 300- a nd 3000 cycle cutoff poin t s Wer e they
incl uded within th e loop. This pitfall is avoid-
ed by add ing the f eedbac k loop in such a man-
-- ner th at all f requen cy sh a ping is done before
f eedback is appl ied to the s ignal.
\I Th e other two disadvan tages a re ta ke n care
/I of by pr oper des ign. In st a bili t y is avoid ed by
'0' 1 using- on ly enough f eedback t o clean up the
'-~- drive r equ ir ements are handled in the same
man ner as " in sufficient ga in"-by adding an
'e, "e values in ea r lier st ages.
'" T he only t r ick y th in g about th e addition of
f eedb ac k is to mak e cert a in that the phase is
cor-rect. Remember that the phase of th e audio
'8 si g nal under goes a I SO-degree change in each
put-tube plate a nd r eturning it to t he gr id
of t he same tube wou ld be cor rect, but r eturn-
ing it to th e g ri d of the drivin g t ube would be
di sastrous. T o include the driving t ube in the
loop, t he feedback mu st go t o its cathode
(wh ich t hen ca nnot be bypassed). Typical
f eedback loop inst allations are shown in A
a nd B, Fig . 5. Additional info rmation on feed-
73 MAGAZINE
 THE ONLY WAY TO GO MOBILE
•
meters -
SIX
ten meters -
-- -_
- -- .-
-- ..
. .': .:0. ...
... '~.,,'"
' ~

NEIL I-
MOBILEER VHF Phone Transmitter
- Bu ilt- in power supply; no edernol high vo lto g e required, i u ~t connect 10 your
12 voh bolter)'.
- T' o n sid o, ize d modulator and 12 vo ll plote tubes perm .t extremely low
battery drain.
- A ll (ontrols on front pone!.
-Uses 8 me crysta ls; no overtone circuits employed .
- Tw o bui lt-in t u ning me ters e liminote fumb ling for me ter switch; no guessing
which eeele to read.
-100% p tc te clOd screen modulotion, not mere ly screen moduloted, for constant
output, molt;mum audio.
-Ex'remely compoct, onl y 3 inches high.
- W it h the ease of tuning Clod tr ouble -free o pera t io n for which NEil is fam ous.
-Feotures new, updoted circuitry.
Pric e: MO BllEER , kit . .. ... . . . .. .. $134.00 MO B/ LEER, wired . , 5159.00
(specify band desired J
See your dealer or order from :
THE NEIL CO. 1336 Calkins Road, Pittsford, N. Y. • Baker 5·6170
For hi gh.r mob il. p o ..... r: N. il BETA tr gnsmitt.r. 60 ....gth . req uir.s ext.r n ~ 1 p o ....e r supp ly . Ki t $98 , W ired $125 .

Imp rove

M eter

Accuracy EVANS OFFERS

COMPLETE SERVICE

• To HAMS - - • By HAMS
Recently I acquired on the surplus market a (12 licensed employeesl
3 inch 0-20 rna meter. Unfortunately the in-
• EQUIPMENT a nd COMPON ENTS
ternal resi stance ''' 3 S not known. The st a nda r d (Ho m· El ectro nic - Electri col)
method of finding internal resistance, a s in
the ha nd book , gave 1.6 ohm s. Considering the • TRADE ·INS
(on new or used units)
inaccu racies th at were present, that figure wa s
• TIME PAYMENT S
proba bly withi n 10 % at best. When a meter (ne xible. financed e vn elve s}
is used a s is, th e in ter n al reaistance is not
• ENGINEERING DEPA RTM ENT
too important. For sh u nt ing , however, the in- (back ing all equipment sa les)
ternal resi stance mu st be known accurately. • RECONDITIONED EO UIPME NT
To improve meter accuracy, I add ed an 8.4 Largest inve nto ry in the Northeast
ohm 1 % (?) homemade resi stor in ser ies to • EXPERIENCE - - - 26 yean 01:
bring the "inter-nal" res istance to 10 ohms.
This resistor was wo und from a carefully "YOUR FRIENOLY SUPPLIER "
measured length of copper wire. S ince the
major in accu r a cy is now 10 0/0 of 1.6 ohms, or
.16 ohms, the total variation is now .16/10, or
about 2 % . This technique will work on any
meter with a low full-scale voltage drop.
. . • K"WM L

MAY 196 1 49
 •

r ······~~::~ ..··+········ ···· ··, ( •• , Lo t-i Irom page 48 J

i "'" .~ back in ge neral can be fo und in t he biblio-

• t he audio sect ion , t he last r equirement for ac-
: n.-\Imr~ \' ,\I .( 't: ~ Aln: " u UT Ofo' 'ruts WORLD "
~Nl d for yoo r 196 1 " l1I U :E SS H EET " C.\ T .-\LOG tooa)' :
lI undr. d l of ~(N'<'lab 00 to:'!ul pm.nt, components and tuues.
, . . Her e are a t rw sa mp les:
gra phy, Ju st be caref ul t hat neither t he vol-
um e control nor any frequency-shaping com-
ponents are in cluded in t he loop, and you'll
ha ve no trouble.
T his bri ngs us to t he subj ect of power for
ce ptability. A low-but-adequate-power audio
i ou tput st age is show n in Fig. 6,
The circuit, adapted from a Kor ea n-w a r-

Ceded Cab le : t:arh lead

" <'(II'" c:oded and ta iled
t
C. D, Ha", M Retatltf'. Br and new boxed. Compl ete. $1 10.00
M"ley TA· 36 10 . I~, and 20 meree bea m. ... .. .• , $125.00
~ . a Conduc tllr Ce lor. S P EC I A LS
• HC· :rnt ( HTS -S :\r at r h l nl
~pNker Inrluded FREt: . )
; vintag-e design for a portable Be set , proves
especially u seful for fixed -station work . It is
and numl... red. There ate r-r tee : $249.95 Cum plete. capable of about 300 milliwatts output, and
~ I Pade l Ull un Nrh end.
Line II eseeuent and In - .
+ x e d1arlte for I hl pp l ll&" In
('onU nt n ...1 l"8 .\ .
t with an efficient spea ker system will prove to
l u lated ...lth r unr.ee eccer- . . . NC _.flO @$795 .00 , :-,'O •• you that there 's no need to burn up some 35
t In c . ):ar h l ead h t ndll·ttl- .
uall1 ~"Ted ...llh rubber
cha rge for I hippl ll&" In
('ontlntntal rSA . ; watts with a pair of 6V6s in the receiver. It
; a l>o, for added prol.fdh ",. • • RC A PRE CI SION KC 5O(l
se- Roll $2.95 . C RYSTA L OS CI LLATOR.
" (Tur a..y p lul or m inu l 0.00 12%, Con:aln l prerls lon riOO K C
ca n easily be added to almost any set ,
..q l ta t . JU ts I.eb l ( ' r)"Stal even. 5840 l ub -mlnl a lu re tu be.

i llull1 t l lca ll y .ealed. :SIck el ptated r ertan jtul.r ease. :\Iou n ~ .

lie . ,:i
III 1l lIlld.rli , pin mlnl at ure 100·keo:!. R to:'! ulre& 6.3 "AO or
to 100 Y.n.c . W i t h ",bem .l h~, RCA T) pe
A t< S3I1:!OO·1. Slu t""'n J: 1-, /lG"\\' x 1% "D. wt. : 1 lb .
( ' a t. :: 1 · ~>(Iij C It V. (U riC. Gu'rt. Coit : $1, 2.00. \ vrnr
BIBLIO GRAPHY
Ampe rex A p plica tions Engin{'t'ring Labora tory, Audio
Ilt'IIi.-npt·8 lIandhook , P.rt Ill, Audio , February, 1960,
~ l't:CI.\ I •... ,." , , 0 :S1.1' $3 .75 pa g e 36 .
P",r Xfmr : I' r l : 115 "AO 60 C PS. S PC : 1260 YCT f!'l 4:!.5 Jqh n P . mUon, Improvinlr Audio Qualit y in A .C.-D ,C.
:\1& ; . 110 30 Y. fA- 1.05 "m p•. •' U. men t (I ) 6. ~ YAC ~
,.5 AlIll>' . ( 2) ~.3 V,\ C (<>' 3.7 Amp s. (3 ) :> Y .-\C (n ' 4 R H' eh t'TII, Rad io & Television Ne ws, February, 1955 ,
Ami" . I term ..Ue.llr 1..11'd. Order H aul l ine :: T H-128:>. p").:'e 70 ,
$12.;;0 Gt·.. r Ke Bonad io, W2W LR, Bet t ee Audio (or IO c. CQ ,
RC A Mh a C.p.d lor: 4.000 :\I mfd . 3000 V. I'..ak. U .95.
RCA PLATE Xf mr: 12110 V.C.T . @ 360 )1&. I'd : 115 V. February , 1958, page 115.
", /la pl . eo ct-s. 11,"". l id. U .95. R ober t W. B uchhetm, " 9J TH, Low-Pa ss Audio Filtt"TII.
J ah n"lln Va rl . ble Cap:vl tllf': D u . t 215 / 215 ":\I mtd . . 125 QST, J u ly, 194 8. page 18.
"11.('ln jt {4:tOO v.i . $,7 .75.
RCA Pl a le Xl mr: 905 " CT (fV 3(;0 :\Ia . Pri : 115 V. .... / ta P. Nurm HII H . Crowhuret, E lectroni c C r ossovPr DelliI'",
(<<' 60 C l ' 8. I le r m. •Id. $3 .95. Audto, Sentember-, 1960. p age 19,
Merit Cht*.e : l O lly 250 :\Ia . #C -:1182. $2.95.
StJper lor Pllwen bl Varl .ble AUlo.Xfmr Type 10 : I np ut : 120
Norman H . Crowh u rst, Imp r ovi n g Radio and Phono
Y . 60 (; 1':;. I Ph ll.llll Ou tpUL ; 0- 12U/ 132 V , fel 1.2;; AlIl l ,g. A m ll!i fieTl', R a d io-Elect.ro n ic s , Sep tember, 1958, page 40.
H,uIlU'o'eli from new IlIl u lpm ' t. W i th knob & di al. $5.!15. La w r-ence }o' It'mi n lC, A Variable Low- Pass . 'i1 tu, R a dle &
X mID . Varl .ble C.paei tllr: ApPTOX . 20 to 750 ~ hll rd . «V
4,000 VDC. I n »n .nnea IIlan enclosure. 6 %,"L x J1,.{,"1I T e lt' vi llioll Ne ws, May , 1955, p age 46.
1 3 1,{, " W ove rall. $11.95. Law r-en ce F le mi llg, Volta!rt" Am plifit"r D ill t or ition , R adio
J ohlll lln Sot ke t # 122·101 : F or V HF use w/t ubes 1I 11('h as & T elevisjon N ow a, Septem ber, 1956, page 55 ,
th e S26, 832. 4LJ 32, 4D 22, 1'1,(15( 9 & PI.6569 , etc. 8pedal
l" r rulnol . permit d i red m ill of gr i d coil s. Th is 7 " In wa fer GI-; H um News, Low-Pass A udio Pt tter, March-A p r il , 19&G,
sOl"ket on ly $1.01). (Brand Ne w I'lurp lull ) nuse 3.
Xml lt Varl ll;b le C. pael i llr: 72 to LOOS ) [1l1fd . @ 3500 V. F'. Lll ngford - Sm it h, Ra diotron D t"8ign t"r'& H a n dboo k.
Ce ramtc Ins. $8.50.
Varl ll;b le Capae l hll': 18 to 400 Almf . lOIN V. Cen 'ulc Ins. Fou r- th 1<;ditio ll, p a lCes 481-601.
$2.'i0. J , r'. N eil, Narrow·Bn nd Speech U n it, R adio & Tel evis io n
Min. 125 Watt Modulatl lln Xfm r: P r f: 10K P to 1'. Sec : News , Mu rc h, 1955 , page 71 .
4550 Oh ms , ( Se r een wi nding 3:100 Ohms ) I nsul ated for
llK V Pe.k. Orl g . del lined tor P P 4-65A' • . App TOX . 3" x .Jn rnes V. O' H em, W2 WZR, S i m p lt" Low-PasB Filtt"r Dt"-
3 " x 3". 3 II... . $6.95, s ill" Il, QS T , October, 1958, page 21 ,
SPllel.' El mac JAN 4. 65A ' . @ $1 01 .00 eacb . T h oma s Rodda m , Feedback Amplifiers all FIItt"TII, W i r e1 t"!1s
J llhrnon #2 13 Soc keh for 304T L &. 304T H. Brand ·n. w
(l u l1l luo). $1.1 5 e. ch . (4 for $4 .) W o rl d, J u n e , 1959, page 274.
Cat hode R. y Tll be Sh ie ld ( for tube Iype 2BPI I. $2.9 5. Dr. Carl F . Rot he, Audio Filter Has V ariabl t" Bandpa ss ,
Cor nell · Dubll illl' • MId . @ 4000 VD C Oil C. pae itor : $\1. 95 R ad io-Elect r rr nics, Ma y, 1958, page 48.
ea"h 13 for $27. 00 1.
UT C Type 8 · 32 S",l n.ln . Choke : S«:-Iy , .:I t"ctron .luhe C ir c u illl, McG raw- Hili, 1950, general.
5/ 25 1Iy lIy{:!:l5 )1 . / 120 Ohm. , A lv in G. Sydnor, Bandpass a n d Rejecl ion F ilter. Radio &
14.90. T e levision News . NO\'embt."r, 1956, page 14 8_
P I.le Xf mr : PrI : U5 VA C ~
60 C l >~ .../ laps. ~ec ; 3200 " CT F r ed e r ic k K TE'Trnan. EI t'C"tronic a n d R adio Engint'ol'rin llr.
(<l .PProx. 300 }la. $10.50. F ourth Edition, Ce n e rs l ,
fill lll' Choke : 8 111. @ 200 }r• .
(90 O hnll D .C. Itn la lallce l ,
Il ..rmel. lrall ,. .raltd. 1 1.75,
RCA CR V. 59A AC TV Cam era l
X... lr " Uh 1846 I ronolCQPe-
195.00
H l pen ll Type , , • Compat't
tonl t r udl oo . .\ PPI'ox. 3" x 3"
x 3", lo.Ie.1 for p. lr of 1 -6ri'\ ' 1
Colorado's 2400 ama-

i•
- $6 .95. teurs cross-referenced
.-\d<l ~,Ot !'en'l r e ( 'h.....e fur or der. under $ri.OO. Pri r Pli are
. · .o . n , S 1'C.
l ....... t' In and bm....e. We . r e OPe n :\100 . to 10'1'1. 9 to 6.
by name, call and lo-
•• ~ ..t. In I I> 2 I'!II .
cation in t he 1961
•; BARRY 512 BROADWAY,
Colorado H a m Direc·
tory, ~lil e-H i Aw a rd
ELECTRONICS NEWYORKI2,H.Y. rules, too. Available
II YEARS OF BUYERS- COiuID~NCE now for $1 from:
WAlker 5-7000 t THE DENVER RADIO CLUB
TWX' NYI -3731 t P.O. Box 356 Denver 1, Colorodo

50 13 MAGAZINE
 MlJ~l-
Reyco Multiband Antenna Coils
Tra ps f or d ip o les ••• h igh st re ng th • •• m oistu re MOBILE
05~AC EQUIPMENT
p ro of g uo ronteed 10 hood le a fu ll KW.
Model KW -40 c:oil5 w ill, w ith a 10 8 f oo l a ntenna ,
provide operotio n on 10·15·20-40-80. $12.50 set.
f or info rma ti o n 0 11 e the r mode ls w r ite:
FRED L. REYNOLDS W2VS, 492 Ra ....enswood Av e.,
Roche,ter 19, New York
CHOSEN
LETTER S for use aboard the S.S. HOPEI
Gr ~t i ng .0 1\1:
Problems! Ma r c h 73 page 12 sch ern a t ic leaves the 9 volt
battery always in circuit. T h e n . in my o .....n article, o n
pa g e 18, we (o r got to men t ion removi ng t h e j um per a n d
aUNch ing the cuax a lte r grid -d ip p ing. T h e n, m e a ga in, o n
page 013 i t is n ot clear t hllt t h e res istor got'S tu point X , TRANS-CITER
the volume control to point Y and ground to Z.
A I S e~·J .nd W 2IJIW
Alw m ! ~Vcll. 011 page 12, t ho ug h our schematic ag rees
with thot sent in by the autho r, I wo uld s uggl'st m oving
t1l6t g round we, t o t he oth..·, side 0/ tire 51A suntch;
Tlumks lor t he elwddation O K the other t u:o items.
RECEIVER
T o T he E d ito r:
On puge 60 o f the Ma rch 19 61 Is s ue ot 73 t he a rticle
t.ltled "Chassis M ou n t ing the PL-269" s ta t es: " The sec-
o nd item that ca n not be obtained commeretalty is a
doub le ended male plug.'" These d ou b le ma le plug1J a re
manu factu red by t he Do w Key Company a nd a r e i n-
s t oc k items i n m oat a mateur rad io s u p ply hou ses i n POWER SUPPLY
th is area.
Yi nc r nt Colli n g W A%E K P
l'\ R M Whol r l<ale Rad io, IRl~.

Dear OM :
R u n n i n g 70 watts o n s ix mete rs ( Viki ng Challenger)
I naturally ( 1) ran into T V I. Filters, etc., etc., were
tried wit h no s ig n i fica n t success. To condense t he
dra ma , here is ho w I co m pletely efi rn f na t ed m y TV!.
1 took m y o wn TV a nte n na dow n a nd c lea ned it c ure- JIM CLARK Wl ULU
fully w ith B ri llo , replaced the twi nlead and the sc re ws
attaching the reeder to t h e antenna. Presto : no more KIT WIRING & TESTING LABS
50 - 1« • 220 - 420 me
TVI. Even with t he rig poorly tu ned t he r e is no p rob- Nu vi ttor Preomplifiers .. ........ .. . .. . .. . . . . ..• $19 .95
lem . I s us pect t hat t he o x ide o n t he a nten na t e rm inals With built-in pow er $u p p ly ...• •• ..••••• . .••• .• • $32.95
rec t ified li nd r e r ad ia ted m y six m e t e r s ig na h" into the Comple te w it h 6CW4 -Slug t une d
neiehbor's T V sets, Now every body i s h a ppy. 2 Ai"'" 5t,e.t Tel. : HEmlock 2·3600 D.,ry. N. H.
Gibbons J eansonne 1\.5000

with
\1-1/
re
- U1-(3- -Une''-
with a "MATERIAL" difference!
Send for (or, at yo ur di strib utor) , PL 77 Technl-
cal Specifications and Perform ance Bull et in de-
scri bing 106 Antenn as f rom % th rou gh 80 meters
in cludin g "BALUN " -FED ROTATABLE DIPOLES,
MONO, DUO, TRI, 4·BAND AND "SPIRALRAY"
ANTENNAS, ROTATOR /INDICATOR SYSTEMS ,
TOWERS, BROAD -BAND " BAL U NS," ACCES-
SOR IES AND "NICE -TO ·HAVE ·AROUND·YOUR-
SHACK" INFO.
For TOP-MAN-ON- Communic at ion a n d TV Antennas
THE-FREQUENCY results .••
Install a Telrex antenna " ." dollar for
dollar better in every way! Antenna
SINC E
1921 rex LABORATORIES
systems from $6.95 to $12,000.00 ASBURY PARK 40, NEW JERSEY, U.S.A.

MAY 1961 SI
 Give your shack that BIG MAP DEAL
professional look- Th ese DOD ( 3· 0) maps are widely adver-
t ised at 59.95. Un fortunately we hav e been
unable to make a special purchase of these
fine maps and therefore we must bring them
install an to you at full list price : a low, low, only $9.951
Perhaps a glowing description ... ! the maps
will arouse your interest. Well, let's see .•.
ALDEN hmmm . Well, first of all they are prehy big.
28!-'2 " and 18!-S:" to be exact. And they are
printed with eight colors (all different ). But
HAM best of all are those mountains that you can
feel. They stick right up at you nearly an
inch. They are in the right places too. Amazing
job. They come complete with the frame and
..... -- BENCH a handy map inde x whi ch locates all the
pla ces for you. You can see the major highways
on the U.S. Map.
with pawer facilities.
See our full page ad in the January 73
(page 45) and order yours today. For
further information see your dealer or
write to

ALDEN PRODUCTS CO.

2186 North Main Street. Brockton, Mass.

MOBILE
POWER
SUPPLY
MOD EL
Al2!600!200
. NOW

$59.50
This 12V input de 10 d e transistorized converter is
conservatively rated for COl'ltinUOUI output of 120
watts at 600V or JOQY, or ony combination of 600
ond 300 volt Joads totaling 120 watts. -----------------------------_.
Sir: 4
High efficiency, small size, and light weight. plus Enclosed is $9.95. Please send me one of
freedom from maintena nce. COnserve your battery your 3·0 maps immed iately. U.S.- World-
and increose Ihe enjoym ent of mobi le operation. Name Call •.. . ...
Address • • • • ••• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
ElECTRONICS DIVISION City Zone State .
Please include at no charge with this order a
GLOBE INDUSTRIES, INC. one year (new) (renew) subscription to 73
525 MAIN STREET starting with the issue.
(Two years with two maps. )
BELLEVillE. NEW JERSEY Send order to: 73 Magazine, 1379 E. 15th St.,
Brooklyn 30, N. Y.

52 73 MAGAZINE
 VHF CONVERTER n; ~ ..' "
Two Meters .
.c

° t- o::~o
o~
.... J

.~,''''''
or J~---_I·<r
' .... :'

~ ~ ' -- -~ .,/
Six Meters
Model LW-61 $18.50
FEATUR ES,
• Comes comple te with t lilies a nd crystal
• 0.6-1.6, 7·11 or 14-18 m e ou tput
• Oth er IF outputs on special order (a cid .. 2 )
• Grou nded grid RF stage for Low Xoi ..e
• Broad band o ut p ut
• For fi xed or mobile Il !;C
• Use and Be or comm unic atio ns recei ver
( ••• Pro p a g ati on fr om pag e 21) • Coax in p ut and out p ut pl ugs provided
• Requi res only S rna n a nd 6 v
Sunspot Cycle quite well, and also what vari - • ,\ lId SOc for 12 volts
a t ion s are completely absorbed by t he smoot hed • Nut a ki t, wired and tested, ready to go
cycle in F ig. 1. Th is curve is only fou r months
Order Direct:
behind t he m ean mon thly cycle data . Th e
LW·51 Deluxe kit, le u tubes & xt ClI •.•• $59.95
curve in F ig . 4, whi le st ilI being very rough, LW-51 Delu xe kit, w it h tubes & Clny xt Clt. 74 .95
is only two months beh ind the mean monthly LW·51 Deluxe kif, wi re d & tested . . . . . . 89.95
cycle of F ig. 1 and from these curves the Sh ip weig ht 7 fbs.: 77c East Coost; 51.59 Western
LW-72 AC Power Supply f or LWS1 , wi re d 49 .95
tendency of t he smoot hed cycle ca n be kept LW-61 VHf Converters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 .50
up to date. LW-BO Pre -Amplifie rs ........ .•••••••.• 12 .50
T he time of m ini m um for t he present cycle
ca n not be determined exactly, very far i n a d-
vance, however, F ig. 5 is my prediction of LWELECTRONIC LABORATORY
ROUTE 2 JACKSON, MICHIGAN
smoot hed numbers for the rest of the cycle
which I t hink will ha ve its m in imu m a round
J une HJG4. A more accurate deter minatio n of
min imu m for a short cycle ca n be mad e whe n TEu,:r,OI'EwnITEIl EQUII'~IENT
the smoot hed numbers reach 1/ 9th of t he maxi- COLLINS S1J2, SJJ3, R-390A /URR Re cei vers (.50 . 30 .5 MC)
mum value ( a bout 22) because minimum t end s TELETYPE Printe rs # 14, #1 5, -# 19, # 20. # 26, .:t2B.
to come about one year later; a lso when t he KLEINSCHM IDT Printe rs # TT-4 A, n-76, TT-9B, n·"
TT.l00, GGC-3.
l / l1th va lue is r eached ( about 18 ) mi nim um TELEWRITER frequency Shift Con verter.
tends to come % of a yea r late r . Fo r ge ne ro t infor mot ion & eq uipmen t ti sl w rite,
To m W1A FN
P art II will cover t he va r iati ons in .l\I UF ,
d.ur nal, season a l, and w ith su ns pot cycle. ALLTRONICS·HOWARD CO.
BOl( 19. Boston I, Man. Richmond 2-0048
° ° K2I GY
0

nI1
, '.......~ ••I.. o

-~
fOR OVER 2S YEARS ONE OF THE WEST'S OLDEST AND LARGEST fiRMS
DEVOTED EXCLUSIVELY TO AMATEUR AND ElECTRONIC EQUIPMENT.

1331 India St. San Diego 1, Calif.

P. O. Box 1728 BElmont 9-0361

MAY 1961 53
 SIX METER
SOLAR SYSTEM VI TRANSCEIVER
RECEIVER TRANSMITTER fir . . . • . ..n.
• raN Statioa
e.- "- 'I. miu....... ,,',,'i,'!). 11 Wotto iIopotI to. S761
• Emorpncy
10 K Mlocm~" db ~
Oa.ot>io . . - - . _ "'t;,,;ry. .....,. ,.jotIO,
Hql .fr~, piotto .-d ~.......w. .....
hor M M
• AvbtJI.
...,j -.ar.;ry.. u_ popMt ; _ ..-pl.
..,..,.."'" ooca....... /... ,'ob*ty.

.
Vol!• IFT.} O ~
Up to 5 _10th .-lio 0IItp,II lor ........,1 ~...
".....,.,for
........
w .....-.....I--w. "",,,.;,0, VFO _ .....
t.9" 6,1 ....... d'14Il "'" _ r ~.
.I." fot hHdsoi out......
a..ll.... no;.. limit.., M>c:""Ph- : ...,dol, ;c ..........
Spoffinq ....ado lor ~ _ .0." and S(l.15 ohm ~ (...;I 'ch .I• ...wd ......
......mithot. ........ :..q whipf

pt ;fttM tir ;, boOt';').

f...m ~ ~ , Mol ... d • •• hed ... Iottori" 9
MECHANICAL ~
~ IMt
, off.
+....tIy _ .bIoo.
w..,. if,......, 15 powod. • 1'0\1 ~ ""Y it

.....
...,......... ..J.,.
s... io .··.11·' cI..,. to ("

~ .....?oo' ,I.
0.. p;..e. oIouWo ple!..l c'-M lot
............. or ..'" •

.!~ M'Id
POWER SUPPLY
s.H «Wtt..iooK ...."" _ ~ I... 6 .de.
~ f...... """' ..,.ly Iot~_ 12 110 'K .
..,.j
e-p., '-"- ...a, .-..1 for qoOd ....... NotIW.q boo, _no. ......,. of pow. _u·
10
.......1000 ... .....:1 _ .... ~.., . • to. ........ MC<IfWk
St.ol .... ,.;tfl r- ..~ r...... s.p.. _ -0. p'od. ~ "'" de ..... oK
AI ~ .. " ... . ,~ """ ,."hClh" I'- ...... For information send to ..•

12 HINSDALE STREET
SEC ELECTRONICS BROOKLYN 7, N. Y.

.. HAIL" COLUMBIA! ..
Largest Stu re-Warehoutle in the cou n try IIU A:e s tock o f electronic co m p o ne n ts

ARC ·5 Equipment. All in e xce lle nt THIS MONTH'S SPECIALS TUBES • • • ALL NEW
condition. 6C375 l00W Xmtr 200-
R·28 Ree 100 ·156 me 4 ch. . . . . 19.95 12.500 ke w ith proper ALL SPECIALS!
T·23 Xmlr 100-156 me 4 eh.•• 12.95 tuning un it. lN ••...• .. 14.95 4·65A ..••. .••....• . ..•.......• $7.50
SCR625 Mine Detector. ex- 4.125A .•.• ...•...•.•.•.....•• . 19.95
R·23 Ree 190 -555 ke. Q ·5'er .. 9.95 cellent •• . . .•. . ....• .. • 19.95
R·25 Rec 1.5-3 me. . . 14.95 DM35 Drno motor. 12V in. 4Xl50A .....••.....••..••. ...• 7.95
R·26 Ree 3·6 me•........•... 7.95 625V ~ 225 ma out. new 7.95 4CX2508 .....•.• . .•.•.•.• . . .•• 22 .50
TCS 12V Dynomotor• .uOV 4X250B . . • • . . . . . • . .. • . • . • • • .... 20.00
R·27 Ree 6·9 me•.........•.. 7.95 @ 200 mo o ut p ut brond
T·18 Xmtr 2.1 ·3 me . 4.95 new •.•.....•....••... 4.95 4-400A ..• _. . . . • . . . . • • . . . • • . . . • 25.00
T_19 Xmtr 3·4 me•...... . .••. 7.95 6C669 Xmtr .Rec 1680-4450 4.1000A ........•• ...•..•••..•• 65.00
ke 75W AM VFO/Xtol , 832 ••....•....•....•.•...•..• • 2.95
T-20 Xmtr 4-5.3 me.••....••. 4.95 e xee lteot 89.95
T·21 Xmtr 5.3·7 me..•....•.. 4.95 Power Supply f or 8C669 829B/3E29 4.95
T·22 Xmtr 7·9 me . 8 .95 (PE- 1l 0) 110VAC. excel - Rofts o f other tubes .•. tell us your need s.
lent .•••....•.......... 49.95
MD7 Modulotor for 011 ARC·5 .. 4.95 Connecting co b le for 8C669
& PE ·ll0 (COm) ...... 3.50 SILICON RECTIFIER SPECIALS
8C·620 FM Xmtr ·Rcvr 20 ·28
mc.• 5W with 6. 12 vdc 500 mo ot 500 PIV $.95
Pwr Supply. F6 fo r C 6. SA ot 50 PIV 1.49
Fi lter Choke , 6 Hy 150 mo , o r Amo teur. l ike Ne w .. 18.49 25A 50 PlV 2 9
2500v ins. ew 3x3x3 1h in. . . .9 5 AR R. 15 Coll ins 2. 18 me. of ... . . . .. . . . .. .. . . .. .4
Ten for .....•..•.••..... . . 7.95 Communicotions Rcvr Exc. 35A o f 50 PIV ,. . 3.49
Modu lo tion Tra nsfo rme r, 20W Condo , 49.95 70A o f 100 PlY 5.95
311l3x3lf2 in. 6K fo 6K CT. new .95 APX·6 1215 mc. Xmtr_Rcvr 200A 50 PIV 995
ElIlc. Condo l e n Tubes .. 4.95 ot .
(o ct ua lly hond le s 30W of APT.5 300-1400 mc. SOW lA ot 140 PlY 6ridge Auembly .•• 2.95
oudiol ) New, 10 for .. . • , •• 7.9 5 Xmtr . F6 for 432 or 1215 All brond new, monufoct ured b y Audio
mc. Exe. Condo ......•• 19.95 Di visi on. All Guaronteed.
• Fr..e n.. ll.., ;.... Jr'r/,... Tr~ .... i . ,i.. .. 0 .... ;rr...;II;bl4J bar..aln, !
. .... b ..,. .. . ed eq..ipme.. '. TS , eRC. " RC. " RC• • , e . L ., ... h ..,.. Jrom ,.010 .

~365 W. Pico Blvd . los Angele s 19, Col if.

ELECTRONICS • WE 8-3731

54 13 MAGAZINE
 -

Ham Headlines CITIZEN BAND

If ha"" radio mokn tit, " rtl'spapus iJlJ YO M-,. Iou"" "I,au TEXAS CLASS "D" CRYSTALS
srnd a eJippi" .Q to Ma rt'i" L i!'toJ1 VEJDQX. 31 1 R ou-
mary R oad . T oron to 10, O nta rio . COllada. A/ arvin ru" s til t'
."" All 22 Frequencie s in Stocle

73 N e·ws S O'vice, a monthly tm blication sent to all editors

of cllib bulletins. H e will digu t the m ost im portal'll
stories t hat are submitted each month lor u.s to prin' in 73.
3rr\
~. C
o~rrtone.
l'
HC'O/U holrten. ~ .. pin
apaf'lnl-.O.iO " Inl . (.11!!3
arall_Me. add 1St pe r t rYl t al ).
.005%
r e 'l u l r ~ " p n t5 .
to leune_ to meet

$2 95
U e r lll e l t r ~ l\ y
a ll
~"I1 ' ",t

EACH
H AMS A ID IS T ORN ADO
(Ching-o S u n_Ti m"" Ch ic_l(G. III. ) Scores o f h ams Th . h lla win. Clall " 0" CitllUI Sand fnqu.ne in In st.tk
Ur' Qur nti " lilted In m.,aeytlu ) : 26.965. 26.97 5. 26.9(15.
a nswered a S outh S ide C h lcaa o ham's p lea fo r he lp 27.005. 27.015, 27.02 5. 27 .035 . 27.0 55. 27.065. 27.075.
after a tor n a do s t ru c k the area. For hours during the 27.08 5. 27. 105. 27.11 5, 27. 125, 27. 135. 27.155, 27 . 165,
night they d irected t r a ffi c, provided t ran spo rta tion a n d 27. 175, 27. 185. 27.205, 27.2 15. 27.225 .
g enerall y a ssisted the police depa rtmen t. .\lalrhrd t rnta l lets for Globe, nonset , CU1· F on. and H alll -
erarttn UnH_ •• . $5.90 per l et. Sped t, eQulpmtflt mak • .
AMATEUR S UED FO R LENDING A ID ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
(C h i('a2o S u n_Ti mf'll. C h iullO, 111. ) Ma uric e R. ••
•
RADIO CONTROL CRYSTALS IN HC6/U HOLDERS
Spectf, f reQuenty. ~ .. pIn Ipadnl • . • I, ln d lamttrr .05
••
•
F ra n ks. Jr., a uni vers ity studen t and a vid h am oper- • (.093 pin diameter . add 15t) $2.95 ea. •
ator w ho plnyed a n important role in a recent Ch icago • FUNDAMENTAL FREQ. SEALED CRYSTALS •
t orna do found himself su b j ect o f a Su pe r ior Cou rt Suit. • In II CS/ holden •
A lanrllad y fi l£>,f t he su it claiming tha t F r an ks' tra ns - • F rom 14.00 KC 10 4.000 KC .005* Tol e ra ~e . .. • •. $4.95 ea. •
mitter Interfered w ith 100 televisio n sets i n he r a p art- • From 4.000 l\C to 15.000 l\C a n)' f reque",'y •
men t build i ng as he a ided i n storm communications .
• .005* Tole n ~e • • • • • . . . . • • • • • . • . • • • . • . • . • . . . . $3.50 ,1.. •
S he is aski ng t hat he be e njoi n ed f rom oper-atf ng- his • SEALED OVERTONE CRYSTALS •
• Supplied In metal H C6/ U hold..rl •
stat io n a nd also requ es ts a perm a ne nt injunction. • Pi n s paci nl .4.S6, d lametrr .0;;0 •
• 15 to 30 Me .005 T llle ranr 53.85 ,1.. •
R ADIO O P F A ILS TO S A VE WOMA N ' S L I FE • 30 to 4.5 MC .005 T oleranre $4.10 ea. •
• 45 to 60 MC .005 Tolera nce $l.50 ea. ~
( D a ily N e.... lI. Brooklyn. S . Y. ) Ang el F e rna ndes, a
B rook ly n ham rad io operator, made a d espe r a t e at- ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
tempt to save t he life o f a critically ill woman. M M!. QUARTZ CRYSTALS
R. Cocido, i n B ue n os Ai r es, Arg e n tina. S he wall in FOR EVERY SERVICE
gra "'e n eed o f a n ew a nt ibiotic m ade in U .S . F er-
All eryllall ma d e t rom Grade " A"
nandez recei ved a ra d io m e!l!\age a bout t he woman's Im port ed Quart z-lCrllu nd and etched to
plight and after spen di n g $160 or h ill own a nti a r ra ng- Plat t r r euue n e t e s . Uncon diti on ally
i n g for speedy delivery DC the medicine v ia N ational a-u.ren~eed! Supplied In :
a nd P ana g-ra A irli ne!l, he lear-ned that his r fforts were FT · 2 43 holden Me -7 hold.n
in ve!n. The drug arrived seven houn after ~t rs . Cocido Pin IPaclnl: ~ .. P in Ipacine "'.,
P in diameter . (19 3 P in diametlf .1 S5
died.
DC. :« h,lden F T . 171 h ol d .~
A~I ATlmR O~ ER A TOR S ST A N O-B Y I' ln I pad na- " .. l' ln I pacl ne "'''
Pin d iameter . 158 B ana na p lna
(Cle vela n d Pla in Deal er, Ctevel a n d , Ohio. S u b m itl (>d
by Tom Hill. K8DH X ) Twen t y fin' a mateu r ra d io oper - MADE TO OR DER CR YS TALS • Speci fy holder wanted
l Ol l KC to 26110 KC :
ators were at thei r se ts i n different parts oC the county . 11 1,", toleranc:• . • • •••.. . • . • • •• • • . • • •• • . • . • . • . • • . . • •. $2.00 . a.
to provide emergency communications after a severe . 00:;;* toler.nc:• . • • • . . • • . . . . . •. • . . . . . • . . . •• • . .•• •• •• •$2.7i e..
2601 KC t. 9000 KC :
s t o rm s t ru ck Greater Cle"'elanrl recently. . 005* loler. nc• • •• . . . . . • • ..• . •.. . . . . . . ... . • • • ••• • • • . $2.50 ea .
900 1 KC t . 11.000 KC
A C KN 0 W L EI U; 1\1 ENTS .Illl.~% tnillranf"r $3.00 .
We woul d lik e to ac k nowledge two ham stor-les t hat Amoteur, Nov ice , Technician Bond CrYltal1
. 01 ~ T olerance . • • $1.50 11.-80 meters (3101· 3749 K C).
appea red in the S y ra cuse H e ra ld -Jo u r na l and Buffalo 40 naden (1152 ·1198 KC). 15 mete n (1034· 7082 KC). 6 metera
fo: "'eni n g News. respectively, The for mer was wriUen (8335- 8850 l\ C ) ..Uhln I l\C
by K. Vl. T ho ma s , a ha m of 18 )"eJU"ll s ta n d in g . w ho FT-241 Latti ce CO'ltall In ,II t reQuend n fr om 310 KC to
540 KC (an tlcl\fI l 45:> KC and 500 K C). •• • •• •• • • • . • •504 ...
s u bst itu t ed a bit about ham rarl io for a regula r column - P in Ipadna: ~ " P In diameter .093
is t. T he latte r concer ned C. D. operatio ns DC a yout h . )[atched pain + 15 cnl.. $2.50 per pa tr
17 vea r old P et e r L a s eell, o f C ha u t a uq ua Cou n t y. N . Y. 200 li e Crysta ll. $2.00 ea.: 455 1iC cry,tah, $1.50 ea. : 500 li e
Crys tah. $1.50 ea.: 100 K C Freq uency 8tandard Cryst ah In
lI C6/ U holden ~ . 50 ea.: Sorket for FT· 243 cryl tal lSI: ea. :
Du al aorkrt tor FT·24.3 eryltall. 1.54 ea.; 80rketa tor !oIC · 7 and
FT.171 U)',ula 25, ea.: Ceramic lodlel fOl' H C6/ U cryd...
AF MARS TECHNICAL NET 20' "
W r it. rw new fr ee eat.lot # 860 te mplet, wllh Melllat ... cl"Culn
Su nda ys 2·4 p m EST 3295-7540. 157 15 ke AS K YOUR P ARTS D EAL E R FOR T E XAS C RYS TALS
May 1-Te le me try; Modern conc e p ts e nd e p pli- See b ll red d l, pl.,. . • . H h. dOllln' ~ Itork them, lend u.
h tl n ame an<l oroer di rect from our F1or t<l. factorY .
ce t ions.
NOW I E ne lneer lnl nmpl. . .nd . lII a ll flUanUIl" for proto·
May I4-Se mico nd ucto rs. ty p.. DIM m.d. ei ther at Chiea.a or F~. 11yen PI_nL. 24
liuu r ae retce t
May 2 1, 28, J une 4 , II - Re v ie w of ba sic IN C HIC AGO. P HO NE GLad.ho. 3 -3555
ph ysics. RUSH YOUR ORDER TO OUR NEW PLANT
Use coupon bel ow t ... lit Cla u .hlpment.

TEXAS CRYSTALS
ANNOUNCING THE De pt. G-51. 1000 CRYST L ORI VE . F ORT MY ER S . F LA.
Fer eatra f ut . erYlta. P hone WE 6 ·21 00

~bOrrCrr5t 2M CONVERTER I ATTACH THIS COUPON TO YOUR ORDER fOR SHIPMENT.

•
SUPER LOW .NOISE-CUSTOM BU ILT I VIA 1ST CLASS MAIL AT NO EXTRA COST I
USING RCA', NEW NUVISTOR I TERMS : All ite m s sub je ct to p rio r sa le and chong r of I
: price wi thou l notice . All cr ys to l o rde rs mud be eec cm - :
PAUL A. REVEAL W2ADD BOX 575 I ponied br che ck, co sh o r M.O. w ith PAYMENT IN FULL. I
Church Street Station, New Yorle 8, N . Y. • No . COD s . De p t . G ·51. I

,-------------------------------~
MAY 1961 S5
•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• • •
KEEP CANDEE HANDEE!
FAMOUS Q 5' ER I I I
T h la II th, tlntabu ioul oee t 190 -550 t e. T he r ....
e, l"er ' au ',.' been 100000Inc tor I t onl, $9.95
BC -454: 3 -8 lfc 7.95
BC·455 : 8·9.1 are 7 .95
MD ·7 MODU LATOR: Special _._ 3.95
A TRI O OF H EA DSET BARG A I NSI
HS -23 : II I Imp ed an ce. Lu t her cOf ered h ea db and.
It -a nd new. Great buy. Only • . •• ••• . • • . . • • . .. . $4.95
HS -33 : Low t mpedanre. J.ea th Pr eore eec head-
hand. Bra nd new. A . J . J . Candee Spoolal . .... 5.95
HI F l Hu dset : 15.000 eyclea! B rlUld new with
rh amnb e u ~hlnn s . It·, lerr iflc l Onl, ..• . . . . • .• •• 8.95
CD·307A Head set Eltensl en Cord : B rand new.
_' nnrnytm. ' ..I,. ~ ft . len l:lh. Only ... . ...... . . . •
APN ·I FM T RA NSC EI V E R
420- 460 Me. Compl. with lubes. Exc. F.a. . . .. .• . • . • $2.95
A,>prol . ~ h p . \\ 1 . per uni t 25 Ibs TW O for 5.00
YOU GOT IT I W E WANT IT! LET'S D EAL ?
We' re PU in Jil top $U tor GR C· 9 ; PU C- B. - 8 ••g . · 10 ;
r. N- ~II A : All el..Mmnl c t ....t e<l 1l 11l.
R-. A/ARR·2 RECE IVER
:1:3 4·2<;8 :Uc. :t lub" . U H F . t unable l'el'I!inf. See
AUll./59 C.Q. Mac u lne fot conu!'I"I ion_ E:e:eellent eond .
TWO for $5.00_ Ri ch ••. . . . • . • . • . • • • • . •• . • .•• •• • • $2.95
AP X · 6 TR A NSPO N DER
A midget warehouse or I'lIrts l ruoweee. tnree Veod..e-
Itoot counte rs , I. F . s lrlps. cavity. over 30 tubes. etc.
Includes 3 E29 tube. Good eeed, A STEA L AT O:"lLY $9.95
T-61 /A RC. 3 TRANS Ml n ER-
100 10 156 MC U$e d : $14 .95
R. 77 /A RC. 3 RECEIVER-
100 to 156 MC .•..... ........ . ... . Used : $ 14 .95
ADF AN /ARN.1
Reeeiver R5/A RN-7 ... ... .. . .. . .... . . ..... . . ••• . $29.95
LOG p LP2 1LM .. •.• . . . . • .• • . . . . . . • . . .• . . • . . . .. • •
lmomer MG .149F . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . • .. . . . . . . .
ContAI Bu C. 4/ A RN · 7
Mount FT .213 . .•• ....•.... _...... ... ........•..
SCR. S22 TR ANSCE IVER
4 -ehannel. Crystal eontfll lled 100- 156 Me. Ideal for
2 meters. Comp lete with tubes. Excel. • .. • • . . • • •.• $1• .95
APN-4 lORAN EQUIPMENT
Marine Of" a ir borne. Lon, range navI,aUo..1
t, det ermine exac t p,"l tlon of s hip or plane up to
1200 mil n f rom base. Compl ete with tUbes. ernt.ls.
Ell• .• ...• .•.•. .• . . .•• .•..• . . • • . .•• • • . • • . .. .. OnI)' $19.95
ART·13 COlliNS
Transmitter. removed Ifllm aireraft. IO.chan nel
au to- tune or ma nua l. 2 -18 . 1 Me. for Ham R ig with
8 i3 final. Output 60-1 00 W. CW Of" modu lated. CrY"
ca li brated lor VFO . Exl . Cond o Onl)' $33.33
RT91/ARC.2 TRANSCE IVER
Alrberne ; AM. CWo MCW, Output 40 W. IMlMlt
500 MW Fre(! . RiJn l o 2000 to 9050 KC In ei l ht
chan nels: In put 26.5 volt DC. eset. eGnd. -"Ip.
WI. 100 lbs.• w/eont",1 boll $39.9 5
A ll It em , FOB Burba n " . Co llI., , .. bJe~1 10 prio r ,tde.
I .. CaUl. ad d ,1-%. M l... o rder '3.95.
J. J. CANDEE CO.
+ 509 No. Victor y Blvd., Burbank. Calif.
: Phone : Vlctorio 9·24 11
• e • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • e .-. eel e •
56
h$ j)
... (j
' .... ",
Information Field Day-A full day of ha mming
in No rth Holl ywood P ar ~ with public d isplays
provin g th at " Ra dio ham" is not synonym ous
with " TV!." Members of San Fernan do Valley
Radio Clu b presidi ng.
Ji m Morrisseff WA6EXU
I watched the unusual meeting of
T ODAY
ham s (cool under the collar) discu ssing
TV I with civilian-televiewers (stra ngely not
about to blow their lid s, either) . In fact, calm
discuss ion was st ar tli ngly prevalent. The only
demonstrations were non-people type, peaceful
and effective. Potentially irate citizens watched
wi th interest, as side by side, sets with and
without TVI functioned in the mid st of a
howling nest of field day tran smitters on aU
amateur bands.
Publ ic Infor mation F ield Day. New name f or
a new event that pays off in good wil l.
7."
s.es
On a pleasant Sunday afternoon in Southern
. '.00
Ca lifo r n ia, the San F ernando Valley Radio
3.0<1 Club held its first annual PIFD. The location,
no f a r mou nta in top or obscure ham haven,
but a grassy park in the middle of North
Hollywood. Th e purpose, besides an excuse
f or a n outi ng, to promote better under standing
betwee n the pu blic and the radio amateur. The
'N/' FCC is co-operating fully and wishes that
clubs all over the coun t r y would do the sa me
to help them get TY -g r-ipers out of t hei r hair.
Between 9 and 4 on Sunday, F eb. 26,
hundreds of people sa unter ed in, stood around
getting informed, and sau nter ed out again.
Wh en t hey sa unt er ed out they carr ied with
them a hea lth ier attitud e toward amateur
radio. A few were kee n to know more about
thi s hobby, once they r ealized one could be a
TV-wa tcher a nd a ham, even s imult aneously
if )TOU ca re fo r t hat so rt of th ing.
The PIFD demonstration turned out to be
such a good idea it wa s repeated by request
at the Sportsman's Show at the Los Angeles
Coliseum Marc h 15-27, where K6BSA operated
four tran smitters s imulta neo usly, the SFVRC
D.pl. M S fu rni shing t he sa me before-and-after TVI a nd
de-TV I displ ay.
Troubled with the neighbors? If t hey' r e
miffed, invite them t o PIFD. . . . 'VA6F. XU
73 MAGAZINE
 Letters T A P ETO N E ' S NE W
W TC - 4 3 2 ,
3 / 4 M ET E R .
Il l'ar \V By no' , LO W -N O IS E .
H e r e is a rig y ou will be seein g a lot of berore long', CRYSTAL
Thill is UIW of r h.. hottest items I ' ve COfiW ac r oss yet. MIX ER
1.<;>!'8 s ee what y o u t h i n k of It, CONVERTER
The ki t of parts eeus (or $50, a b a r g a in . c anno t be
bought a c ross pa rts counter for this price. The boa rd. a
nifty job with all drilling done and bra s s eye le ts ins erted
at all connection p oi n t s , $15 . This is the extent of the
!!t u ff D enn e y ru rr ushes , besid es instru c t io n s .
O t her Pltrts n e ed ed :
Col li n s M ech un ic ul Fi lte r (about. $43).
Currie r crystal lor 2 c ry sta ls if u p per- ami lowe r
sid e b a nd deair-ed] , gn,un,1 to e xact f requen c y t o m ul ch Th is advanced design a pproach. se ld o m used b y
ColJins filter. amate urs but widely used in commercia l UHF r eceivers,
Tubes run about $17. ach ieves outstanding performance. It consists of a
Outboard VFO ollt" rnting a t o u t p ut f req ue nc y p :u s 455 decble-t uned cavi ty preselector, followed by CI crystal
kc . The ri gs a re n o rmally on 40, can be eun ve r- t .....1 without m ixer and low-noise IF preomplifier.
too m u ch trouble for 80 and 20.
E x t e rn a l vowe r : aoo v @ 100 rna . Fflumen t s 6 or 12
SPI:CUI'ICA.TIONS ,
vo lt s .
NOISE FIGURE : e.c DB
E xte rn a l sp ea k e r 3-4 o h m s .
GAIN , 20 DB
Ex te rna l r f gain contro l ( de only o n ca ble} , 50K . IMA GE REJE CT I ON : G R E A T E R THAN !50 0 11
Mo u n ts on 7 x 13 x 2 eha s s te. I F REJ E CTION : G REATE R T HAN 80 DB
2 good wat ts measured o u t p u t , enough t o dr-ive a k w , TUllE CO MPLI M E NT: t N 2I E . e e c .. . e sc .. .
Receive r- s e n ai tiv f t y I m y . R e por t s on the r-ecei v er- 12 A T 7 . eAKS
seet jo n art' that i t is v ery hot , S T A N D A RD MODI:U AYA ILAlJU ,
T - R is a ccomplished by switc h i n g of B-plus line. C ir- WTC · .. 3 2 IF OU T PU T F R EQ UENCY 50 · 5" MC .
eu itry is s uc h tha t no other connections need be s w it c h ed W TC · " S 2A
WTC ,"S 2N IF
'I" O U T P UT
O U T PU T
FR E Q U EN C Y
F RE Q U EN C Y
'5 1· '5'5 M C .
30 .'5 _S" .'5 M C ,
tor tra nsmlt-r ecel ve . De s ij{ n e,1 p rim a r il y (or m ob il e u se W T C ·"3 2 C I F OU TPU T FRE Q U EN C Y 2B -32 M C .
w her-e VOX is n o t des ired.
Loo k s lik e t his w ill fill II real n eed . A gO;:J(] . rel lu ble
PRICE: $ 126 .56
side ba nd tra n sceiver wit h w h ic h t he h um w h o k n ows
virtually not hing about s td eb a n d can make t he lea p to QST'e rs co n see Fe b , P. 46 f or 0 w r iteup on Ihi s conve rte r
s id eba n d. with a comp'lete s t a t io n costing less th an a
10 ARDLOCK PLACE,
comparable AM rig! TAPETONE, INC. W EBSTER, MASS.
(C ontinued with p i.: on pag e 58)

6-M£'IER
2·METER
HALO ANTENNAS
' ?ixe d ond M obile, fO f both 6 a nd 2 me ters . by
the pio neers in hor izon ta l poloriza tion for mob ile
• •
communtcctic ns.

~i . Pa r also m a n ufac tures a qua lity line o f

AT YOUR
antenn a s for omoleur, TV, FM a nd commercial
DISTRIBUTORS
se rvices.
OR
6-METER W RITE DIRECT

HI·PAR PRODUCTS CO •• FITCHBURG. MASS .

MAY 1961 57
 ( •. • Lett er f rom p a ge 57 J
NEW P& :E-1 LA-400-C The drcuitry wa s fi rst de veloped in the fabulou s Jen-
ninR"s s hae k by Don John wn W6AAQ. father a nd midwife
LINEAR AMPLIFIER to eorne of the most fa llCinating S8 rigS to appear on the
scene in recent yea rs.
NOW 800 WATTS PEP
FOR ONLY $164.95

by ITT FEDERAL LABORATORIES

The 80 thru 10 meier band -switch ing pi network is
designed for 800 watts PEP SSB, 400 walls CW, FM
or fSK and 230 watfs linear AM (co ntrolled corrier)
or 185 watts (co nsto nt co rrie r) with 50-70 ohm c c t-
put. Popular 100 watt SSB e xciters require no swa mp ing
or matching networks to drive th e low Z untuned
input . Grounded grid circuit uses fo ur 1625's or 837 ',
on custom ers request. Meier reads RF dr ive , plate
current, RF amps output. New mod ern compact 9 " X 15"
X 10ih" gray cabinet also con tain s p o we r supply using
81 b's. TVI sup p re ssed, Portu it ic fr ee .
On e·Ye or W orranty on 011 Ports and Tubes
SEE THE NEW LA·400 C AT YOUR DEALERS
LA·400C Ki t Com plete with tub e s • . . .. . . . . . . . $164 .95
LA·4IJO·C W ire d ond tes te d S219.95

1?& ELECTRONICS INC.

~
424 Columbio
TUBES WANTED!
ESPECIALLY KLYSTRONS,
MAGNETRONS, MINIATURE,
SUB-MINIATURE AND
OTHER SPECIAL PURPOSE TYPES
HIGHEST PRICES PAID
Orde r by phone fr o m Mr. Horwit of JSH
LofoYltte. Ind .
De nney Moore. W 6MHP. hl:ls ta ke n over production of
t he printed-eireuit boards a nd fu rnishing of t he ki ts o f
parts and i ns truct ions. W6MHP p lus M rs . Moore con st t-
t ute t he U. Moore Dompun y, w h ic h ha s earlier put out
the R l'l1 t-'Ct-O·M a t eh, a gt-' m am ung' SW R d e vices.
O r de rs a re no w bei ng fl llt...1 by D. Moore Compa ny. 1236
Vi r gi ni a Ave. , Retl w uod City. Calif.
• .• Jim .u o r r i llllf tt WA&EX U
IV I'll Jim, you're jllSt a bit a/lcad 01 me. I got a good
'ook at it in the JCNnings eX/libit at the IRE shO".o in
,\ fo rch ond am jllSt as f't1 thusiastic as )'OU about it. Paul
Ba rton, W6JAT u'cnt over all t he details lor tnt". From
u'hot / can see, AIrs•.Moore sholl/d SOO" be up to hu elbtr,.I·s
in printed circuit board drillings. Hope you gOVt" the m
one 01 ollr rate cords l'm'flh./ ••• IY ay ne.
GenUrml"n:

""'~ b
DE'ARTMENT

~~s
Wou ld you please a n nounce t he B u r -li n a ton Ama t eu r
13 Radio Club I n te rn a t ional Fi eld Da y H a mf'ee t Itt Bur-
1108 Veftitt 8lJulev,rd Itng ton Ve rm ont o n J une 17-1 8 , . . t he largl;"!!t h am-

J
l os Ao~1es 15, Clrlihllnll f est north of Swa mnecct t. Reg tat ra t lon is $3 t hru
W10J O. Bo x 684, B u r lin g t o n , or $3.50 at the Kate, and
[L EerRO NICS CO. RlchmorMl ' ·7[,44
Includes a two hou r fe rry r ide across La ke Champlai n .
KI CEG Hrrt P erry

58 71 MAGAZINE
 1111/111/1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111

Other Ham Publications

I n lieu of ha lf of t he magazine bei ng fille d
with s pecia lized departments, we r ecom me nd
that you subscr ibe t o th e bulletin of your
s pec ia l in terest. You g et a lot m ore news and
get it faster t his wa y . . . and you enco urage
the fellows who are putting out these bulletins.
73 HAM CLUB BULLETIN. Mervin lipto n VE3DQX.
3 11 Rosemory Rood . Toro nto 10. Onte rlc. C enede.
Sen t free to 011 editors of hom cl ub b ulletins month ly
to keep them ebreest of whet is g o ing o n with 011
the other hem clubs. This is on e xce lle nt sou rce of
news for p utting toge ther your clu b b ull eti ns. To sub .
scribe to th is news bulletin just send ., copy o f you r
o wn clu b b ulletin to Mervin.
SI DEBANDER. Officio I orqe n of the Single Sideba nd
A mateur Radio As sc ci e tion. J 2 I nn Street. Lynbrook,
L. I.. N. Y. Subs include membership to SSBARA: $3
per year. Monthly. Prim a rily operating news and chit-
chat for t he SS B OX gong.
THE O LD TIMER'S BULLETIN. Published by Bruce
Ke lly W2ICE. Me in Stre et, Holcomb, New York, fou r
times a veer. $1 pe r yee r, Pictures and discussions of
old ham gea r, old ha m c ps ond old ho m doin gs.
VHF AMATEUR. Published monthly by Bob Brown
K2ZSQ(TJ, 67 Russell Ave nue , Re hwev. New Jersey.
$2 pe r vee r. O pe ra ting news fo r VH F'ers.
DX·Q SL Ne ws Lette r. Clif Even s. K6BX. Box 385.
Bonito. Colifornio . Published q ue rterly. 40¢ ee ch: An-
nual subscri ption $1.25 (four copies ) by fi rs t class
moi l ($1 .50 for ox stettons}. Li sts all QS L Bureaus.
mana ge rs for re te ox stat ions, etc. Why not send
you r old Callbook to 0 OX ham? W rite CH f for t he
nome of some one who needs it.
DIRECTORY O F CERTIFICATES A ND AW ARD S.
Evans. KbBX. Box 385, Bonita, Co l. Comp lete Direc-
E
RADIOTELEPHONE
LICENSE MANUAL $5.75
Helps yo u pre pare for all U .S.A. commercia l
radi otelephon e ope rato r's licen se exa m s. Gives
th e basi s for a so und un derstandin g of eve ry
pert inent subject . Complete st udy-guide Ques-
t io ns and answers in one volume .
RADIO HANDBOOK -largest ever published.
Th e com prehe nsive referen ce so urce on rad io .
Gives simplified th eory . . . la test design data
. . . more "H ow-to-Build " data than any book
in field $8.50
WORLD'S RADIO TUBES ( Brans' Rad io Tubes
Vad e Mecum ). World' s most auth oritative tube
book $6.00
WORLD'S EQUIVALENT TUBES ( Brans' Equ iva-
lent Tu bes Vad e Mecum ) . Over 32,900 co m-
parison s . . $6.00
SURPLUS RADIO CONVERSION MANUALS
Practical co nversions of most popu lar surplu s
equipment, in 3 volu mes. Sen d stam ped envel -
o pe for list of conte nt s . . $3.00
each
·Order f rom Jour fnorile e ledronic pa tts d istributor.
If hi" cannot supply, sen d u .~ his name and your
remittuncr, an d U.'{' will su.pply; foreign, add 10%.
Cia
Summerland 8 Califo rn ia

~
(
tory plus one yeor of revisions [q uerte rlv] $3.50. Ad d r-
~
l ! Ou lers: Electronic distributors. order from us.
75¢ for lst class mail: $1.25 for airmoil ; OX stetions _ Book5 tores. libraries , newsdulers orde r from Baker &
1st class ma il edd $1 .00. Need less to say. th is is the .1;_ Taylor. Hillside. N. J. hPOrt (tlc. C;lnad;l ), order
trom H. J. Snyde, Co.• 440 Par k Ave. So.. N.Y. 16 ,
most comp lete collection of dat e on t he hundreds ot
certl flcetes and ewe rds eveileble.

~~~~~:~
b ~~// ~~~~
FLORIDA RTTY BU LL ETIN . Fred W. DeMotte
W4RW M. P.O. Box 6047. Devtcne Bee ch, Florid a. $3 //-0;;
-. .
per year including membership in Flo-Ide RTTY Red uces in terhr ence e nd for ALL Am;lteur Tr an s.
Nols. on All Mak es Short millers. Guaran leed for
Society. Mostly ope roti ng ne ws with 0 bit of technical Wave Receivers. Mak n World 500 Watts P ower for P I.
Wid e Receptl on Stron,or. Net or Li n k Direct f eed.
info now e nd the n. All TT men sh ould be gett ing Clearer on All Band s I li gh t. Neat. Wu.th enJr"f
t h is.
Complete .. Iho...n lou l leng lh 102 ft. "ltll 81 ft . or 12 ohm
bal anced ' eedll ne. III -Impact m"Med re~onant lrapl . ( Wt. 8 oz.
1" x 5 " l{,ng). You just t une to desired band for beamltke r e -
SOUTH ERN CA LI FO RN IA RTTY BULLETIN. M el ,; 11 SU ltl. E Xl'e lle nt for A LT. worM -wide snor t- wa ve eecef r ers end
L. Swen WbAEE. 372 West W arren Way. Arcedie. e maleur tram mHt..rs. F or K O" ICE AN D AI.1. C I .AS~ A~lA ·
TJo:r:1tS l :SO . :XTR.-\ TU:-;EltS on GA IlOF,TS NEEUED '
Celtfcmle. $2.75 per year, not including me mbe rship in Ell m lna lea 5 aepan le anle nn.. ...lt h ex"ellt'lll ~r'onnanf'fl
lII:ua ra n lN'd. Uae as InveN ed V for a ll band \)ower l a in . 1\0
Society. Operating news end some te chnical a rtic les. JlA YWIIlF. HOUNE Al 'PEAnAr.:CEI . :ASY IN STA LLATI O S I
This is t he old est TT -.lulletin going. All TT men should ~ O ·40 - 20 ·1 5 ·10 mete r banda. Ijomnle te. .• .. . • . . .• .. . • . •$ 14.95
40-20- 15- 10 meter bAnd s. 54-ft. a nt. ( uest. tor w-w awl' a) 13. 95
also ge t this one . Month ly. 20 ·1.~- 1 0 meier ha nda. nUBI Trllll. 24-ft. Ilnl.nn • . . . . • • •• 19 .95
S E ND ONLY $3 .00 (ruh. ek.• n,o ) anll I>a,. postma n bal anee
('0/1 plua poli ta.e on arrhal or lend fu ll pr ice tor postpaid
delhe..,..
A..lla ble onl,. trom :
I1IIII1111II1I111111111111I1I1111111111111I1I111111I1111111111I1 W£S TER N RADiO Oellt , A7 -5

M AY 1961 59
 SUICIDE Radio Bookshop
Doesn't it make a lot of sense to let On the ott cha nce t hat someone may read thi s
th e a nten na come down to yO ll 0 11 a a d w ho h as the bUJf t o r ead a little on t hei r
fa vorite s u b ject , we ve la id in a s toc k of the
KTV Tw ill-Track T ower rather th an follow irrg b ook s.
ri ski ug a lot of the insura nce co mpa ny's 2 - ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS' HANDBOOK -
mo ne y by cl im bi ng u p to make adj us t- Pender. Mci lwa in. This huge book should keep you
men ts or changes ? See pho tos of the busy for months just reading the interesting facts it
tower 0 11 page 6 of the March 73 and contains. There is hardly any problem in communi-
cation or electronics that yo u can't find covered
send for li terat ure, prices, specs. here. Excruciat ing ly thorough. 16 18 pages. $ 10.00
K'J'V 'l'OlVERS 6-VACUUM·TUBE CIRCUITS AND TRANSIS·
i-.o. nux 294· Sullivan, Illinois TORS-Arg uimba u. Designed for both beg inne rs
and eng ineers. Mat h ke pt to a minimum . Simple
explanations of complex ideas. You'll know a lot
more about rad io after you read t his book . 646
pages . $10.25
INTRODUCTORY OFFER 8-RADIO.TELEVISION & BASIC ELECTRONICS-Old field.

QUIl: WORLD FAMOUS

Lekt ron. Exclusive
JUMBO PAK Logical presentefion and de$criptive iIIu$trotion make
thi$ on ideal book for the beginner. Wri tten by plf·
le a rning o f electronics principle5. 342 page 5. $4.95

INCLUDES 13-REFERENCE DATA FOR RADIO ENGINEERS.

500 PIECES Table s, formu las, graphs. You will find this refer e nce
FREE boo k on th e d esk of almos t eve ry electron ic en-
GIANT
CATALOGS
FOR
ONLY
$3. 0 0 POST
gineer in the country. Publishe d by Inte rnational
Te le p hone an d Te le g ra ph. $6.00
(Wo rth $ 85) PAID 20-RTTY HANDBOOK- Kr elzman (W2JTP). A·Z of ham
• Ham Gear Our Pok Includes: Disc, Te letype . Ve ry popular book, low ~upply . $ 3.00
• Toolse Tubes Tub ulo r, a nd Cerom ic Con-
• Electronics dense rs-pius Precis ion Re - 32-RCA RADIOTRON DESiGNERS HANDBOOK -I 500
sislon-oll o re p a ge~ of de5ign notes on every pouible type o f circuit.
• Radio· HI-FI Guaranteed Per f ect
Fob ulo us. Eve ry d e s ign engineer needs t h is one. $7 .50
244 Everett Ave. • Ch ina SO. Mass. LEKTRON 33-WAVE PROPAGATION & ANTENNAS-Welch. Highl y
re com me nded by th e propoga tion experts a 5 the be5t
Book on th e subj e ct. $5.75
':"'1111111111 11111111 11111111 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 11111 11111 11111 1111111111111I111111Hl llIlllllllITntlll llllllll lllllllllllllllllll'~ 40-RADIO HANDBOOK, 15th EDITION-Orr (W6S AI).
~
r hi5 i5 f a r o nd away the be5t amoteur rad io ha nd bo ok
~
Old Call Books ~

a
~

a ever pri nted. O ver 800 pages. $8 .50

Few OX cperetcrs con efford to buy", C all- 52-HOW TO READ SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS- Mar kt.
=
book. If you have one that is less than three =
Com po ne nh & diagram 5; electrica l, e lectron ic, ec, de,
years old thot you would like to send to a DX a ud io , rf, TV. Storh wi th individua l circuih ond carrie5
hom then drop a card to Cliff Evans K6BX through com plete equipmenls. $3 .SO
and he will send you a letter from a DX a
49-ELECTRONIC COMMUN ICATION-Sh" d. "
hom that would li ke to have your C ellbc ok. Everything you need to know about e lect ro nics,
K6BX, Box 385, Bonita, Cellforni e. W e t hink electrici ty, a nd rad io to pass FC C amateur o r co rn-
_= this is a wonde rful se rvice and exte nd our best a merci a I license exa minatio ns. Thi s text has wh at
0=' regard s to Cliff for his work. ~ you hop ed to fin d in the Ama te ur H e ndbc ck : de-
~

~,1I1111111111111111111111111111111111111:111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111:1111111., ta iled thorough explenettcns of eve~y phase of rad io

an d electronics. 937 pages. This is one of th e fe w
really complete texts on the subje ct. $ 13.00
53 -BASIC ELECTRONIC TEST PROCEDURES-Tu rne r. Th i5
~OToR" DRIVEN book covers jU5t about every pouible type of electronic
te st equipment and ellplain5 in de tail how to U5e it for
~=o- .---~ MATCHING SYSTEMS every PUrp05e. r e di ng : audio equipment, re ce ivers,
trcnsmltters, tro n5i5ton , photoce15, di510rtion, tube s,
powe r • • • e tc. $8.00
76 -MODERN OSCILLOSCOPES & THEIR USES-Ru iter.
Se co nd e di tion. Sho ws what a 'scope is, w ha t it d oe5
a nd how to use it f or radio, TV, tra nsmitte rs, e tc. 346
poges. $6 .50
R EMOTE -BE4M 79 -TRANSISTOR PROJECTS-Skip the the ory a nd 51art
ANTENNA.
UNITY
I MATCHING .."..".....
SWR ...
having fun . Radi05' 5elf powered, shirt pocke t, regen.
erative, ecrner-powe r, headphone. In5trume nh and ee-
Ce5$orie5: $ine '5quore wove generator, p rea mps fo r
6,10 ""'11 METER SINGLE
10,11,15-20 SINGLE
TRI BAND ( WIT/.I CONS OL E)
Y'\ VTVM'5, gain checker, shortwave calibrator, p hase
5hifte r, $ub 5t it ut ion box. Plu5 re mo te Ira n5i5tor ear, elee,
..... R IT[ FOR BROC..VA CC _ Iron ic camp au, simple osci llato r, lamp co ntro l, multi•
lU:'ocll J5~~ ~, ue "eGe (:"rol'l' impeda nce amplifier, e le ctro n ic co u nte r, porta b le power
~ E L E CT RON IC: S IfA N$ AS CITY $6, M O.
sup p ly •• • e tc. $2.90

60 73 MAGAZINE
SO-SURPLUS RADIO CONVERSION MANUAL VOLUME
NO. I (second edition). This book g ives circuit d ia -
grams, photos o f mos t equipment, and rat her good and
co mp lete co nvers ion in structi ons f or the f ollo w in g : 8C-
MONOBAND BEAMS
22 1, BC-34 2, BC-3 12, BC-3 4S, 8C -412, BC-645, BC-946B,
SCR-274N 453A series receivers conversion to 10 meter
receivers, SCR ·274N 4!i7A ser ies transmitters (co nve r- 10 METER-3 Element • • $211.50
sion to VfO ), SCR -522 (SC-624 and SC-625 conversion Mode l No . A28-3. boom 10' JI: l 1h"
to 2 meten), TBY to 10 and 6 meters, PE-l03A, BC- 10 METER-.t Element • • $42.50
I06SA/1161A re ceiver t o 2 meters, Surplus tube index, Model No. A28.4, boom 18' x 1-%"
cr ou index o f A/N tubes v s. commercial types, TV & 15 METER -3 Element • • $32..50
fM channels. $3.00 Model No . A21 -3 b oom 12' )l 1!tV'
full Sind 20 METER-2 Elem ent • • $45.00
SI -SURPLUS RADiO CONVERSION MANUAL VOLUME
NO. II. O rigina l and co nve rsio n circuit diag rams, plus
photos of mos t equipments and fu ll conversion dis -
•
W id. Spaced
Model No. AU-3, b oom 10' x 1%"
2D METER-3 Element • • $62.50
Model No. AU-3, boom 20'6"xl -%"
cu uion of the following : BC-454/ A RC· 5 receive rs t o 10
meters, AN /APS-13 )lmtr/rcvr to 420 me, BC.457jARC-5
)lmlrs to 10 meters, Selen ium rectifier power units, ARC-5
•
Lig ht Weight
See you r d i,tribulor or write for
fREE CATA LOG
power and to includ e 10 meters, Coil data-s implified
VHf, GO-9/ TSW, BC·357, TA·1 2B, AN/ART.13 to ee
winding charts, AVT-112A, AM·261A IC, LM frequency
me te r, ro to to rs , p ower chart, A RB diagram. $3.00
SAVE TIME AND MONEY
82 -SURPLUS RADIO CONVERSION MANUAL VOLUME INCREASE VERSATILITY
NO . III - O rigi n al and conversion diagra ms , pl u. some ELIMINATE OBSOLESCENCE
photo of these : 701A, AN/A PN _I , AN /CRC-7, AN/URC-4, BUILD YOUR EQUIPMENT
C8Y -29 125, .50083, 50141 , 52208, 52232, 52302 ·09, fT. WITH VANGUARD
ARA, 8C· 442 , 453·455, 456-459, BC-6 96 , 9.50, 1066, 1253, " PCM', " *
241A f or )ltal filter, MBF (CO L- 43065), MD-7/ARC-5. · p r in ted circu it module s.
R-9/AP N-4, R23-R-28/ ARC-5 , RAT, RA V, RM -52 ( 53),
• Lar gest 'eled lon of cir _
RI-19/A RC _4, SCR·274N, SCR-522, T· 15/ A RC-5 to T. U lli.
23/ARC-5, LM, ART-1 3, 8C- 3 12, 342, 348, 19 1, 37.5.
• Lowest eeet ,
Sche ma t ic. of APT-5 , ASB·5, BC·6 59 , 1335A, A RR- 2 ,
• Every modul e Is luted . SPECIAL THIS MONTH
APA10, APT-2. $3.00 6 METER TRANSMITTER
lIuara nh ed a n d com ~I ct e
w I I h I u b e l . tl'llnSilton. $ 15.99 list
83-THE SURPLUS HANDBOOK, VOLUME I-Re ce ive r. and a nd cry slals When re o
Tra n sm itte rs. Th is boo k consist. Illntire ly of circuit d ia- Quired. NOW $7.99
gram s of surplus equipment and photo. o f the gear. thi' month anI.,
SPf"C'II'1 n tl oos: Crn tal oonlrolled . 1 .attl Input to 6CX! final,
One of the first t h ing s you really have to have to 52 ohm li nk out put,
even sta rt con.idering a conver.ion o f surplu. equip- I'....."·r rt'<luh..men te : 250 V. DC @ 35 ma.. 6.3 V. @ .45 •.
ment i. a g ood circuit diagram. Thi. book has t he Send Itamped self_addressed envelope for complete 1111 of
VA NGU A RD P CM ' s:
foll owing: APN-l, A PS-13 , ARB, ARC-4, ARC-5, A RC -S
VHF, ARN-S, ARR -2 , ASS -7, BC-222, -312, -314, -342, VANGUARD ELECTRONIC LABS
-3 44, -34B, -603, -6 11, -6 24 (SC R.522), BC-652, -6 54, Dept. H.5, 190-48 - 99th Av e .• Holli. 23, N. Y.
-6 59, ·669, ·683, -72 B, ·7 45, -764, -7 99, -794, BC-923,
-1000, -1004, -1066, -1206, - 1306, -1335, BC-A R.23 1,
CRe-7 , DAK ·3. G F-11, Ma rk II , MN -26, RAK-5, RA t-S,
RAX, Super Pro, TBY, TCS, Re.i.tor Code, Capacitor
Color Code, JAN/ VT tube index. $ 3.0 0 u. S. #1 ELECTRONICS
di vi si on o f AMB ER INDUSTRIAL CORP_
(:I Dept. A7
R235 -RADIO CONTROL fOR MODEl BUILDERS - W inte r.
One o f the be st and newest books a vailable on RC. $4.25 1920 E. EDGAR ROAD (Rig h t on Highway U.S. 1)
LINDEN, N. J .-OUOIS from ESSO RESEARCH LABS
R245 -HOW TO USE GRID_DIP OSCILLATORS-Turner PE- 103 Dm. : w/ftl ter . Itart. rei.,.. bat. eable
/ K6 AI). Con.tru ct io n & use., a n im p ortant book. $2.50 In 61' / 121' @ 211/11 .; out 5001' @

I
160m.. • • . • ••• ••.••• ••••. • ••. • • • • • • 12. 50

TERRIfiC BARGAIN I GO·9 TRANSMITTER, 9

100 W. 0 .:)..18 MCS_ BRAND NEW .•..•.•• • $5 .50

Order Form BC·6S9 F~r Ree. -X mll'. It.t. contr. ; 80 ch. :

27-38.9 mCI. . . .•. . • . • • . •••• .• ••...• 10.95
BC- G20 20- 27 9 mea la me al B C -GS9, but no
2 6 8 13 20 32 33 40 52 49 53 I pkr. •••• .•. .• .• . • . . • • •. . . • . • . • •• .• 10.95
76 79 80 81 82 83 R235 R245 SC R · 522 X rn tr A:\f. 4 ph.• xtal eon tr. 30w, 18
tubee very good . . • • • • • • • • • . .. .. . . .. 22.50
BC· 604 X mlr. 20-27. 9 mCI. 30w. I u-ch. :lt al
NlIIllO!. .•...... .• .•... .. •..•.. .• new 8. 50
Name .. . . . . . . . . . . . . Call . BC_684 ~ a llle as He · GOt . u cept 27-3 9. 1 mel . a.so
DM -35 121' Dyna motor ( Gr DC-G04 or BC- GSt 4.95
8 C.4SS X m tr 5.3-1 mn. complete .../ tub" &
:ltal • . _..... ...... .............. . .. 7.50
Address . . . ..... . . ... BC-1 206 nee. 195 -420 k,," wl 5 tu bes . 11Mb on
24 ·28 "de ••.. . . .• .•. . . ••. . . •.•. •••• 8 .95
Mp· 22 mal t base ter mGb itl mount .. . . . . ne" 1.95
T - 26 u",b lle phe~t m ike •. •..• • . ••• • .•. new 1.00
City . State .
Our new catalog is now reCldy. We held up
pu blicoti on in order t o ge t a 101 of brClnd n ew
su rp lu. iteml in it.
RADIO BOOKSHOP
THOUSA NDS Of ITE MS-T HOUSA NDS Of BA RGAIN S
1379 East 15th Street, Brooklyn 30, N. Y. Wr ite tor f rtf! Illlin g- 25"; d elJOl' lt on C.O.D. oroen-
ltlnlmum order $5.00. .\ 11 pr ices f.o.b. Li nden , X. J . Some
quanti ti es Bro lted. Prices Subject to Ch anle W ithout NoUce.
(N.Y.C. add 3% tax)

MAY 1961 61
 DIRECTIONAL POWER COUPLER
50 TO 500 MCS - 10 TO 1000 WATTS
41NSTRUMENTS IN ONE Advertisers Index
STANDING WAVE RATIO Alden 52
MOOUlATlON MONITOR
FielD STRENGTH METER
LINE lOSS
Allied Radio 64
52 oh m mode l; l52 Alltronics- Howard . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 53
75 oh m mo de l, L75
BULLETIN E-5275 Arrow Electronics, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . 7
$ 24 • SO ~a ,h
,n$ure
uni t ind ivid ua lly o l i ~ ne d . to
perfect meter cal Ibra tIon.
Barry
Candee
50
56
NUVISTOR PRE-AMPLIFIER Central Electronics 8
EXCEllENCE IN PERFORMANCE
Clark 51
MODELS TO COVER:
Clegg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I
48-60 MCS-
MODEL G-SO C olorado Hom Directory . . . . . . . .. 50
140-150 MeS·
MODEL G·l44
Columbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 54
210·240 MCS- Cushcraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 61
MODel G·220
410-450 MC5 Editors & Engineers " 59
MODel G-432 EICO 5
BULLETIN E-512. Evans Radio 49
$ 19 • 9S o p ti m u m Eoc~ un it i,:!div iduolly oligne d f o r
n oi se fi gure. E-Z Way Towers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 6
417.A GROUNDED GRID PRE-AMPLIFIER Finney 21
$21.95 LESS TUBE 539.90 WITH TUBE Globe Industries 52
Eliminate Ihe guenwo rk fr om yo ur motch ing p roblem s.
Quarter wove lil'le or ba lun transfo rme r. Gonset Cover II
Any frequency hom SO to sao me G raham 62
Any impedance ralio betwe en 50 cmd 600 ohms
Writ. for bulletin E50.-600 Heath . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. I3
ASSOCIATES Hi-Par 57
VHF-UHF P. O. BOX 1068
FAIRFIELD, CONN.
House of Ante nnas
Intern atio nal C rystal
62
2, I I
J SH 58

~
TWO METER KTV Towers 60
OMNIDIRECTIONAL Lafayette Rad io .... 19
TURNSTILE ANTENNA
$3.95 P.P.in
U.S.A. • Fixed or Mobile • Ca n be
Lektron . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 60
n ack ed s Li ~ h t Wei g ht . Excellent for CO & Nets. L-W Electronics 53
Elements, Hub\ H ardware. Phasing Section, an d In-
srrucrio n Sh eet neluded. Mach 60
MERCURY ENTERPRISES G':::Y:~~"". Mops 52
M e~ u ry. . . . . . . . . . . . 62
BOSTONIANS! - - - . Multi- Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 51
Ari, . 1 You',. surrounded by Bob O,<:Ihom W1KTJ . Not io na l Rad io C ove r IV
5Ite"licol? Well, look for yo urse lf . Visit .ith.r of the
Groho", slor• • and ••• trem endous quantiti•• of new Neil . 49
and reconditioned ham gear 01 New Englond's .,,,ly
. Jl d u.:.... hGm Ilot•• . It', worth the trip.
Petersen Cover III
~ o rlho f R" lt on .t S o u t h of Roston . t
P& H .. 58
505 1'h ln , R e adin. 1105 N . ~lain. R endolpb Radio Bcokshop 60
Phone I 9"""-4.0 00 Phone : WO 3.5005
Reyco 51
Seg Electronics . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 54
Shorecrest 55
50·144 m e
B ea m 220-440 m e
SUbSC ri.P rIons _ _.. _ _ 6
J S k eleto n
Sl"t
TAB
Tapetone
63
57
Now , the "s~ e leto n slot" a nte nna you ha ve Technical Material C orp. . . . . . . . .. 17
waited for . Ava ila b le in " 73 comhina tions"- Telrex 51
a ll with consta nt impe da nce - broad band ing _ Texa s Crvstels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 55
Coeul or o~n f_d-ligh' weight-rugged-Models US ;#: 1 Electronics 61
from 2 10 64 e le me nts-goins 10 match-low SWR .
Vanguard Electronic Lob 61
fl -,." .. n ..... / ..,. .1.. , aU s • _ • •naila ble ,h,..... , h J~« l~ ....
VHF-UHF Associates 62
HO USE OF ANTENNAS Western Radio (Nebra ska) 59
11 53 Easl 82nd sr., Ch ica g o 19, Ill ino is Western Radio (Son Dieqo] 53
Te le phone SO 8-9282
J BEAM J BEAM

62 73 MAGAZ INE
 "TA." FOR. THE BEST KITS I
... "TAB"
THAT"S A Buy
NEW " V AC D AC" jfl SILI CON
T UBE REPL ACEMENTS
WITH B UilT I N RF SU RG E &.
S E RI ES BA LAN CIN G
0. P ROTE CTI ON
0. 1 i"TAO" Tube. F.".", To.'ed. ,•••"d. TYPE VR MS / P IV AMPS
• Su Man thl Guaranteed ! N, Re jee tl ! SOllfeell
~T1l6fl 5000 /10400 0. 3
• GOYT & MfGRS Surplusl New & Used :-; n 16 r.o00/1000 0 .3
•
• ~:f . ~ !l 6 Bl 7 1.:!5 II, /3:. \ {, .\" 1 ST5R 4 19t10/2 S00 0 .5
• :-;TSl: 4 1120/ 1600 0 .6
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003
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6C4
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43
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.on SILI CON DIODES 750MA" TOP HATS
,,0 1.08 R K59 1 3'1 General Purpon 400 PIV at 300 MA
~i~ . 19 It, T ,,,d, / RK 60 1:11 Spee ial 2 lor SI 20 for S7
. ~lI!
--~~-
18 3 6C 8 6 MI HY 69 2.20
I Lot .99 6C D6 r.rn 75 .&1
I R4 5i~i :g[: I::~ ~3~7 5 ...: 5:~~ rmJ /pi...
17 / 2S
rllli lph
35 / 50
rills /pi...
70 /100
rllli /pl ...
1"0 /200
W, SUN.p TII}" I! Wh., Do l U H . J·" 14 _ 19_ 29 - 34 e
. ~8
IR 5
:~ ',:
6CB6 • • • • 89
6CGI 1.1:!
4PR 60A ' 31.50
" - I 25A !7.511
-;,~.c'"f~Pi ' ' r ills / pi... rills /p i... rills /p i...
21 0 /300 280 /4 00 3.50 / S00 " 20 / 600
IT4 ' ~j 6C M' ·r9 .X I ~O G I5.M 43 1 55 - 70 1 $1 .00
ITS :9j 6CSi _ ~O 4 X2" OB 41 .1111
l UI • 6C U6 1. . 9 • . 4GOA 41 J5 nrll /p l... rllll /., I... rllls /., i..- r 'lII /., I...
IU5
IX2
l SI
;s 6 06
6 E5 __.._
~ 6f"4
99
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4E 27A
2511TL
39 :nll
19.n
.. 90 / 700
SI. 25
560 / 800
SI. 50
630 /900
SI.10
700 / 1000
S2.00

'CO,
2C39A····_
,
........ . 50 SF'
6F5
%.49
63
99
307A
3 16A
VR92
2/S1
5 / S1
5 /11
L• • Pr n,d • n OG SILI CON DIODES
ra t~.1 3SIl(l"' / 2 fl6rm. «i 200 .\1& Id' I nll""
36 r n th : 10 for $3.25 ; 100 fa r 127 :
SenJ 2'; /0' C.'tUor!
~
',",3 8.50 H7 99 388A 3 /$ 1
! , 4 ~,
-----------------
~~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~ ~ ~~ ~~~ i
GT DI POWER ·DIAMOND .
l,; I
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2E24
2.11,1
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1.90
6f l
6H6
614
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1.39
1.7592
59
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3,-' 0
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'CAPACITOR INPUT DERATE 20·,. :
l $!i or mor r lhlK lI rm wr p a, 1'. I'. / I ' .S. A I
SPE CIAL! TRANSISTORS &. 0100£5 11 1
F'ar tor, Tr' tt<l h G uara nl"'llI.l l
TRAN Si STOR S 2E25 2.50 US :59 H .. 6 " 3. 911 FULL LENGTH LEADS
2E26 2., .·. 6J 7 .99 .. 168 HU ll

~
F act ory Tu ted :!:" I 23 1' :'01' 4!i ' . 12 for $5 , 100 /$37
- - · "MFGItU In U.S.A. 2E 30 Q 6JI 1.39 450TH .. ~ :1. 0 11 2:'0 292 :'0 1':'\ 4!i r . 12 lor U . 100 /S 37
Jt ~ p la l'i! 1 xred tum &
II IWa Uage Tyt>es
2E 35
2K25
1 1'; 11
9.15
li K6
6 K7
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59
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13.00
11 .:,11
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2 :'022:1 1':'01' Illl r
2::-;597 1':'0 1' $ 1.90
100 /$65
6 /tI O
2:'0 155. 21'0"156. 21'23 4.
2:"."256. 2:- 307, 2:"."554 2 1< 211 34. 00 6 KI .99 70 3A Q 2:'O 5 9~ t ' 1· ' 1.90 &/$10
G EN ERA L TO 3 GP SOt C!!' •• •• • 20 for $ 15 21<21 311 .nll 61 6 1.19 707B 3 ,5u 2:-;5!l9 1':'0 1' SJ .50 _ 3 / $ 10
P U RP OS E ••• . ••• • •• • • • . • .•• . • • _100/565 2VS 21St 6S N7 _7! 71 5C Ill.!ln
($IO ormore this "l"m we PU P _P. fU.S .A. ) 2:1: 2 4~ 61. , 9!1 717A S ' SI " SU NTA B" S SE LENI UM PHOTO CEL L
3 A4 ,n 6V6G T 90 72UB _._ 5.00 2BP 75 u a 3. 11. 3 . " t40 ~ . II f ... S4
Il TO I' H AT ~ IL I CO :'O DlOU E S $1 U S 1.00 6X5 .49 725.& ! .':; 5A P I " O la.• SBP / S\I &. Red 220 jla .1 55
Jo: XI·t;ItDIJo:"''\"Tt:n s K IT. VSE AS UPI 5.95 12AT6 59 103 _ 3 .50 IS A P 7SO u a. IS." Oi• . SI.4 5 @. .. for S5
1'lTA H'1'lTfl RS, Z E:'OO lt D IOD ES 38 P I 3.9!'I 12AT7 ~9 104 .. lutS 10 BP 350 u • . I . I I / 16" Red. 1 75 ~ . 10 I,r $7
~IETJo:f{ I'f{C YrECTW:'" CL I PPE R 3C2.. 3.50 12A U6 .ea 105 ...... 11.110 10CP 750 u 1 . B•• I! ." c I."S@, .. l or U
& In:CT IF It; R1'l ! $10 VAL V ,.:. SD 2S _.... 3.95 I2A U7 119 11"' T J I
W I' 8"7.' . tr' .. S,II! ' , .....
I)LUlo:'On l U S t: _\ IH ".\ ~lTG KI T .. $ .30 3£ 29 6:00 12AX7 .19 501 1.10
1U1l ' ~1l HMH; ~ 1 1t' A xrrn nrr.... $ .30 3Q4 68 12AY7 1.:!9 5/ $5. 10/ Sl ! G E N E R A L P URPO SE-PN P-
BELl 'O I'O \H:R Ut;AT 8 1:\" K WIT H 3Q 5 6 12B" .9.• CO MPU T E R G RA D El
t· ! :'O!'\ so S Q $ 1.25 4.65A 13. 50 12BA6 .6 a 1111 3.4 5 u se I I A mPllll.er---03dUalor-nIFl
xrr n IO!IJo:!i CO.\II' I; Tt:n 20 (' .8/$1 "·125A 2U iO 12BA7 .9!1 811A 4.41
L Olrlo-Serf oam p--Power S llPPly
P ulse Ampli fier or nigh Curren t S wiuh
KITTlISSTIt:'OI'Nor . ·J\' I'. 39(' @ . 3 for $ 1 4· 250A 34 .00 12BDII ,j !/ 812 ... " :Ian
I N34A DIODES 23c @ . 10 l or 52. 100/$ 18 4XI50A .. Q 12BE6 .S9 Veb. v ee. v ee Atlp ro'l 40V
JSIOormoce t hb Hem we P~)' 1'. 1'./ U. 8 . A.) 4X250 36.0u 12 B H6 .tn alsillS
11.!1.'
1.1.\
G P 3C r ated 300 M illiwattl 65(' , @ t o
.. X500 3'. 01l 12BH7 .99 l or $5. 100 for $39
GTDI HIP OWER.ROUND . 5 AP I 2 .9.-, 12 8 Y7 t.en 826 as G P IOC It a ted 1 \\Itt !lOt. 6 $5, 100 $63
TRN SISTR S F acwry Te~t ed ~ W ,mltJ T'II Sel' tlfl J Eq"ipm""
· · 'lIFO In U.!'I.A. 5BP I 1.95 12BZ7 .!I~I 1215 ........ 9 .00
2:\271 or 2:"."H I @ S%.ZS, SBP 4 1.9:> I2H6 .." . ;:; 1129 B ~ flU 2:'0155 51.39. 2::-;1;6 $1.80. 2N" 111 $ 1.
2:"."278 or 2:"."U2 @ $3.n, 5CP I _.. 4.99 12J5 69 832A 1.00 2::-;178 $1 .7 5. ZS2U 51.50. 2:"'255 51 .2 0.
2:'0113 or 2:'0443 $5_00 (<V 4 /$16 5CP7 9.00 12J7 69 833 A .. 361111 2:"."270 $.95. 2:'0 274 $1.25. 2::-;40B 5.80.
($10 or more this Item ....epul.. P ./U.S.A.) 5 R4 l.nll 12J I 1.3.; 137 ! , S2 2::-;5H 51.20. 2:"'5,8 51.80. 2:"579 52 .20.
$l" 90 12K I 119 I6flA • . •. :Z,45 2::-;S.'l1 $1 .25. 2:""''''2 $2 .10, 2:'0174 $8.50.
NEW POWER 5U" .99 12S A7 .6!1 95" III I S1 1=:C'~~~:':::':-:::~:::~7.::::::~;:;-;-
Z::-;H3 $.650. 2::-;610 $1.60. " ::-;671 $2.
CONVERTER 5 V4 119 12S C7 ~9 955 3 / 11
ns 60 12Sf 5 .S!l 957 3 / S1 NEW 8ATTER Y C H ARG ER BCIi.12V
12VDC to 500VDC 513 .S!l 12SG7 .. .89 951A 2/S I F O R 6V O R 12 VOLT BAT TERI ES.
up to 200MA S,nd 2'; 10' C.Mor,! TRI CK LE &. t U LL C H A RG E up to" A MP
TOO Wons; Tap at 15GP22 . 89 ,011 I2 SH7 89 991 ....... 5 111 Charges 8 & 12 volt batterll"1
250VDC 6 A7 1.00 12SJ7 15 1614 •••. 2,75

~ -.".
B uilt B C8 -12VD. • . • . '10.00
6AI 99 125K7 .15 161 9 , 5 / $1
· Ty pe Cl250E

rvr-r
$a
C6S0 E FOR 6 VOC INP UT $35
IIAB4
I AC7
6AG5
6AG7
59
12
.65
15
125L7
12SN7
12SQ7
125R7
: HI
69
89
89
1620
1625
1626
1629
2.00
3/ .$1
5 / S1
4 /!1
BC8. 12VK preauembled
Ki t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7. 50
ga me excene rated 2.5A
nCA12A n 8 .00 ,
...
..
12VD C to 250 VOC up to I SOMA nC6 .1 2AK Prosu l emblet
Typ e C I225 E $30 6 A I<5 69 I SE 1.1 9 2050 I. .~,
6Al5 59 15R 41SI 5517 1. 25 Kit •• . • .•• • .•.•. . 6.00
CS25 E for 6V DC Inp ut $30
"TA B" TOROID X F ';'-RS-'::~-=--­
SAQ5 .66 fGI7 Q 5601 395
T op US Paid lo r 304TL. 813. 81111 . 81111 Tu b" ! I 1 T U BE S P EC I AL I I I
TRANSI ST OR POWER CO NV E RT E RSI 6A Ra 1.9 5 1911 1.16 5618 3.2 .-. 4XI50 D-lll'ffiO"ed f ro m G ovt. eQulp-
T 8- 500E / 6\"DC I npt . 500 \" IlC It T ap. ){ u 6A5 7 3.49 24G 3 .50 565 1 1.3.• ment, T ested . $3 til .• 2 tor $5 . F il am ent
!tlO)fa $15. T1 2 · .~ OflE / 1 2Vl)C I npt. 5f'OV DC 6AlI 2/$1 25 A6 1.19 .~ 65.. 1.211 Xf mr. $2 . F l n L come, fint l u u d.
A T ap . ~I u 200l1a $15. T 6- 250E / 6VDC IiA U6 79 25 A7 2.19 5656 4.25
innl. 2.'j.() ' · I)C. )l u 1000.\la $I". TI2 -2 .~OE / 6 B8 1.3:> 25C5 ' ~l S 6~3 1.15
12VDC I npt . 250VDC. Join 150Ma $1.. . 6 BAli .59 25Lli 7. ~6 0 90 "YAB"_YHAY'S A BUY.
L~ .' ·fO r i llf' Charltf'r Sn',ms liB U .;)!'I 25T nll ,,6116 1.7.• BARGAINS
6 B Gli 1.49 2.;l5 7! :1687 1.1 5 -c ~W VarlaCI /or equl1" 0 _135vn .5A . 5 15.50
....;1 L T A 8 " SUi~.... Rf'~ riji,r
R fOp l a € f'm f'II '
fi B HI
6 B J6 .... -"
.79
.7!
2516
25Al
15
:J II!'!
569'
572 5
4.,11
1.9.•
xew
xew Va rl aa /oreQul1" O-135V /3 A mp $10.65
V a rl l('l / or eQul1" 0_132V/1.25A . $7 .25
,'1i o n . A g i n g Il f' r m .. , i €all" Sf'al.. d Top US P"id /0' XMTI R T"bt/ ! R F - '-fTG m ·;1415 )ra & 5 A mp S4@. 2/ $7
F O H 6 or 12 l"DC @ 100 .\ . 'I)'Pl' YJ9 $2.. 6 BK 7 __ H i 27 ..
. !lQ 3 !1l :1732 .... , ! on nc -~n:Tlm D ej ur BOO )(a / Z% " 53 ft. 2/ SS
6B L7 1.3 5 HV 27 19 39 5736 8;; no D C MTR 100)fa / 2 % " $3 @. 2/S5
--S"EtE NIUM F.W:-BRIOGE-RECTIFIERS- 6 B N4 6'1 28 0 7 .119 57" 9 I. !il ~, R F -IITR weston 7 50~ta/TC •• . . $4 @. 2/$6
DC 18VA C 36 VAC 72V AC 130V AC 6BN 6 1:UII t e l3 l a .on 5750 %.7;; DC - '-IETt: lt O ne ) ta /4" R d. $5 @ . 2/$8
I\MP 14V DC 28V DC 54 VOC 100VD C 6 B N7 1.1l9 EL 34 3 .4(1 573 1 .... 1. 25 TR~ I'WR DIODES ' Uti to 3amp . . 4 l or $I
:;:; '/2 $ 1.00 $ r.!lO $3.85 $5.00- 6 8 Q6 1.1 9 35A5 .II!'! 58 1" ...... 1.211 Tn.!'I PWR DIODES· Uti to Sam p . ... for $1
t; I 1.30 2.00 4.90 8 . 1.5 6 B Q7
6 B X7
.99
1.11
35 L6
HT
.39
4 HI
5879
5894
I 2n
$12 .0 n
- Heat li nk mounted.
2 2. 15 3.01) 8.Z.5 IU O RS O Ol ' Jo; H!'IC'O I' E 'rImE 2·· .• . $5 @ . 2/$9
l; 3 2.!HI 4 .00 8.GO 13.45 6 BY5 1. HI 35Z5 1.2 5 r.il r-: J -lo·AN II or 12V AC / 60 Cys $2@ . 3/$5
...... 6 4 .15 8.00 18.75 31 .90 6BZ 6 .9 1 R K3!l 2.99 No S'~-Wr ~l t ! J...:EW PH I r-: T CK T · PA NEl •• 1111 2:t:.on2'· $2
... 10 6. 10 12. 15 26 .30 4 1.60 TERMS : Min Order "-25'1, lN 34A 4St' @ .I !)/$S: lS 3!)$I : I N3f170. @:

C
to
I:
'~
20
2~
7.75
12.85
15.00
u.se
24.60
30.95 43.45
Writ l' F or
29.4 5 Rect ifier Catalog "TAB" .Ith erder F .O.B. N,. Yo," .
Ten Ill' Ivarantee. prlu .t
m du . , nl,. Our 11Ih , ..r.
" o ee l sho wn OI l' $lIbi ec ' ' 0 c /lon g e.
XT AI.. O".:N-1 15" &Tht-r mOitat .. •. . 52
JUower ~4 V DC/10nCFM , ..• . $3.98
Xm l tt ln r M lta· • .008 @ 2500\". 5 tor $1.00
4.1000 ..4. Air Rocke t. l ell chlmoe,.• •• •$9.95
8298 Sor1l:et sse . 18;1 !'locket • • . • •. . . • .• •$1
Send 25¢ for CataloC) llUJ Lib erty 51., N . Y. 6 , N . Y• • RE '2·6245 4:t:150 C"ramtt/LOK T.'L 2 f M' 51 .00

MAY 1961 63
 Mosley Model TA·33
I'Trap_Master'l Antenna Hy·Gain TH·4 4·Element
lO
Stock No. 92 CZ ~ ...• . . .. $91 .15 Thunderbird "Tribander
Stock No. 11 CZ 361 • .• .. $111 .50

Telrex TC·99 Challenger

· 'T ri· Ba nd Antenna
1
'

Stock No. 99 CZ 964 .. . .. $159.50

CDR Ham-M Rotator

Complete, heavy-duty system .
Stock No . 92 SX 351•. . . $111 ."

E-Z Way Towers

Hy·Gain Rotator
T he top-qual ity crank-up, tnt- ever un-
Indicator System guyed tower. A ll models in stock at
RB X-, " Rota- Br ake " (twin-motor ALLIED , fr om $90.00 up .
un1l). Stock No. 83 SU 691 . . $t29.95
•• •• • ••• • ••••••••••••••••• •• • ••
IN STOCK FOR IMMEDIATE DELIVERY I
CONTROL SY ST EM- wo rld map
A ll M o sl ey, H y-G a ln and Te l r e x
i nd icat or and control box .
an tennas . W hat ever yo ur antenna
83 SU 692. Central U.S .A . } E h needs . yo u'll save time and money by
83 SU 693. Far East Coast . ac
sending your order to ALLIED .
83 SU 694 . Far W est Coast. $10

order from

YOU GET MORE AT ALLIED ALLIED RADIO

• Get our famous "King-Size" trodes- r------------------ Immediate --~

they',e higheslt
• Only $2 down on o,de,s up '0 $50-
II ALLIED RADIO, Dept. 150-El
Delivery
100 N. Weste,n Ave., Chicago 80, III.
Ship me the following ;
I
I
I
only $5 up to $200! I
I 0 92 CZ 360 Mosley 0 83 SU691 RBX·I
• Enloy eve,y buying advanfage-top o 77 CZ 361 Hy-Il ain 0 83 SU692 I
se,vice and ,eo I "hem-te-hem" help! o 99 CZ 964 Telrex 0 83 SU 693 I
o 92 SX357 CDR 0 83 SU694 I
$ . • •• • •. • •• •• , • endosed
I
I
o Send Free Summer Sale Book No. 205 I
FREE! I
Send tor our I
big Sum me'
PLE"' SE P RI NT
Addreu' - _
I
Sale Book today! I
I
L City l one SIo'e JI

73 MAGAZINE
 - -

• •
It pays to insist on

STANDARD OF EXCELLENCE SINCE 1934

AMA T EU R TY P ES
40 and 80 Meters, PR Type Z·2
Z-2 R u g g ed . Lo w d r ift. fundamen tal osci lla to rs. H ig h ac t ivi t y a n d
po wer o u tput. Stands u p under m a xi m um crys tal cu rren ts. S ta b le.
lon g-Iastin g : + 500 cyc les S2 .95 Net
Th ird Overtone, PR Type Z-9A
H e r m e t ica ll y scaled : cali bra ted 24,000 t o 24, 666 an d 2.; ,000 t o
27,000 K c.. +3 Kc. : .0.10" pi ns.····· $4.95 Ne t

b Mete rs, PR Type Z-9A

F ifth o v er to ne ; for o p e ra t in g direc tly in 6- mctc r b a n d: h er-
metica lly sealed; calibra ted 50 t o 54 M c., + 15 Kc.: .0.iO" pins.
S6.95 Net
CITIZE NS BAND CLASS " 0"
Type Z-9R, Transmitter
FCC assigned frequencies in mega-
cycles : 26 .96; , 26.975. 26.985,
COMMERCIAL TYPES
Comm erc ial Crystals avai lable fr om
27.00 5, 27.01 5, 27.02 5. 27.0 35,
27.0 55. 27.06 5. 27.075. 27.085, 100 Kc. to 70 Me. Prices on request.
27. 105. 27.1 15. 27.1 25, 27. 135, Type Z-I, MARS and CAP
27. 155. 27.16 5. 27.1 75, 27. 185 ,
27.205, 27.2 15.27.225 ; calibrated O fficial a ssigne d freq uenci es ill
to .005%. (Be sure to specify manu - the ran g e. Calib rat ed to .005% .
facturer of eq uipme n t) $2.95 Net 1600 t o 10000 Kc S3.45 Net
Type Z 1, TV Marker
CITIZENS BAND CLASS " 0" Chann els 2 thru 13....S6.45 Net
Type Z-9R, Receiver 4.5 M e. Intercarrier,
Specify J.F. Frequency, also wheth - .01 % S2.95 Net
er receiver oscillator is above or 5.0 Me. Signal Generator,
below tran sm itte r frequ ency. Cali- .01 % S2.95 Net
brated to .00 5%. (Be su re to specify
ma n ufacturer of eq uipmen t.) 10.7 M e. FM. IF.
$2.95 Net .01 % S2.95 Net

2XP Type Z-9R, Rad io Control Type Z-6A,

FC C assign ed frequencies in mega- Frequency
c yc l e s : 26.995. 27.045 . 27.09 5. Standard
27. 145. 27.19 5. 27.2 55; calibrated To de termine band
to .00 5%. (Be su re to specify manu- edge, T o keep t he
fac ture r of equipmen t) $2.95 Net Y FO and receiver
properly calibrated .
Type 2XP 100 K , . . . 56.95
Su itab le for co nve rte rs, ex pe r imen ta l, e tc . Sam e h olde r Net
di men si on s a s Ty pe 2-2.
1600 t o 12000 Kc.• ( F und.) "' 5 Kc S3.45 Net Z-6A
12001 t o 2S 000 Kc, (3 rd O vertone ) ± 10 Kc S4. 45 Net
All PR CRYSTALS AR E UN CON DITI ONAllY GUARANTEED.
OR DER FROM YOUR JOB BER.

EXPO RT SAt ES: Royal N atio nal Co r po ra ti o n , 25 0 \ V. 5 7t h St reet , N e w York 19 , N . Y., U . S. A.

·it. built-in PRODUCT DETECTOR

THE "COSMIC BLUE" NATIONAL'S NEW HAMBAND RECEIVER

•

This newest and finest precision double conve rsion ama teur receiver with 6 meter coverage, bri ngs you
an ease of sideband tuning previously available only in the most expensive equipment. The NC· ::!70
features an exclusive "Ferrite Filter" for instant upper-lower SSB selection and a degree of selectivity
to conquer even the toughest A7\ 1 and C\V signal conditions. The soli d J.-o" steel panel. ceramic coil
forms. double-spaced tuning gang. and full ventilation cabinet combi ne to give mechanica l and
thermal stability that will surprise even the most critical operator. Eve n the color of the 'C-270 is
o utstandingly different, National's new duo-tone "Cosmic Blue: ' write for deta iled specifica tio ns.

Only $ 24.99 down'

Suggested cash price : S~~9 .95 . NTS·J Matching Speaker. SJ9.95lslightly highe r west of
the Rockies and outside the U .S .A .). "Most National distributors offer budget terms
and trade-in allow ances.

NATIONAL RADIO COMPANY, INC.

A WHOllY OWNED SUBS IDIARY Of NATIONAL CO ., INC . MELROSE 76, MASS.
A"d .\'miOl1tJ! Radio's pat-
t ll ted " Fli p Fo ot" matces Export: AD AU RIEMA, IN C" 85 Broad St ., New York, N, Y,
optraring the NC-1 10 so easy , Canada: CANADIAN MARCO NI CO.• 830 Bayview Ave., To ro nto 1 7. On t.