Imel Grace B.

Flordeliz 10-Neutron 11/21/2019

Social Science IV

Government of Brazil

Country name:

Conventional long form: Federative Republic of Brazil

Conventional short form: Brazil

Local long form: Republica Federativa do Brasil

Local short form: Brasil

Etymology: the country name derives from the Brazilword tree that used to grow plentifully
along the coast of Brazil and that was used to produce a deep red dye

Government type:

Federal Presidential Republic

Legal system:

Civil law; note - a new civil law code was enacted in 2002 replacing the 1916
code

Executive branch:

Chief of state
 President Jair BOLSONARO (since 1 January 2019);
Vice President Antonio Hamilton Martins MOURAO (since 1 January 2019);
Note - the president is both chief of state and head of government

Head of government
President Jair BOLSONARO (since 1 January 2019);
Vice President Antonio Hamilton Martins MOURAO (since 1 January 2019)
Cabinet
 Cabinet appointed by the president

Elections/appointments
 President and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute
majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term (eligible
for a second term);
Election last held on 7 October 2018 with runoff on 28 October 2018 (next to
be held in October 2022)

Election results
Jair BOLSONARO elected president in second round; percent of vote in first
round - Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 46%, Fernando HADDAD (PT) 29.3%, Ciro
GOMEZ (PDT) 12.5%, Geraldo ALCKMIN (PSDB) 4.8%, other 7.4%;

Percent of vote in second round - Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 55.1%, Fernando

HADDAD (PT) 44.9%

Legislative branch:

Description
 Bicameral National Congress or Congresso Nacional consists of:
 Federal Senate or Senado Federal (81 seats; 3 members each from 26
states and 3 from the federal district directly elected in multi-seat
constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 8-year terms, with one-
third and two-thirds of the membership elected alternately every 4 years)
 Chamber of Deputies or Camara dos Deputados (513 seats; members
directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional
representation vote to serve 4-year terms)
Elections
Federal Senate - last held on 7 October 2018 for two-thirds of the Senate (next
to be held in October 2022 for one-third of the Senate)

Chamber of Deputies - last held on 7 October 2018 (next to be held in October

2022)

Election results
 Federal Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PMDB 7,
PP 5, REDE 5, DEM 4, PSDB 4, PSDC 4, PSL 4, PT 4, PDT 2, PHS 2,
PPS 2, PSB 2, PTB 2, Podemos 1, PR 1, PRB 1, PROS 1, PRP 1, PSC 1,
SD 1; composition - men 70, women 11, percent of women 13.6%    

 Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PT

56, PSL 52, PP 37, PMDB 34, PSDC 34, PR 33, PSB 32, PRB 30, DEM
29, PSDB 29, PDT 28, SD 13, Podemos 11, PSOL 10, PTB 10, PCdoB 9,
NOVO 8, PPS 8, PROS 8, PSC 8, Avante 7, PHS 6, Patriota 5, PRP 4, PV
4, PMN 3, PTC 2, DC 1, PPL 1, REDE 1; composition - men 462, women
51, percent of women 9.9%; total National Congress percent of women
10.4%

Judicial branch:

Highest courts
Supreme Federal Court or Supremo Tribunal Federal (consists of 11 justices)

Judge selection and term of office

 Justices appointed by the president and approved by the Federal Senate;
justices appointed to serve until mandatory retirement at age 75

Subordinate courts
 Tribunal of the Union, Federal Appeals Court, Superior Court of Justice,
Superior Electoral Court, regional federal courts; state court system
 REFERENCE

The World Factbook: Brazil. Retrieved Novemeber 21, 2019 from

https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/br.html