Republic of the Philippines

PROFESSIONAL REGULATIONS COMMISSION

Manila

BOARD OF CRIMINOLOGY

CRIMINOLIGISTS Licensure Examination

Thursday, August 7, 2003 08:30 a.m. – 11:30 a.m.
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CRIMINAL SOCIOLOGY, ETHICS & HUMAN RELATIONS SET B

INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following

questions. Mark only the answer for each item by shading the box
corresponding to the letter of your choice on the answer sheet
provided. STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. Use pencil no. 1 only.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. A ____________ period during the peak of an anger reaction.

A. “cooling off” C. winding up

B. completion D. “cleaning up”

2. It is a behavior pattern where an individual return to a state

of form adjustment and attempt to experience them again in memory.

A. phobia C. anger
B. frustration D. regression

3. Defense mechanisms are used to shield one’s self from:

A. anger C. fear
B. pleasure D. pain

4. This set of laws control the action of the criminal justice

agencies and defines the rights of the criminal defendant.

A. civil law C. criminal law

B. remedial law D. political law

5. This is one of the culture deviance theories whose premise is

that obedience to the norms of their lower-class culture puts
people in conflict with the norms of the dominant culture.

A. Strain theory
B. Culture Conflict Theory
C. Differential Association Theory
D. Theory of Anomic
6. Under the social control theory, there are factors of
attachment, commitment, involvement and belief. How are these
called?

A. Social Behavior C. Social Bonds

B. Social Contracts D. Social Learning

7. You are the Chief of the Records section of the Administration

Division. When you were absent, the Division Chief issued orders
not in agreement with standing orders you have issued to your men
in your section. What shall you do?

A. tell your staff to promulgate their own rules

B. instruct your staff to follow your orders
C. call for meeting and discuss the new order with staff
D. approach your Division Chief and courteously discuss
the matter with him

8. Ms. Pamela Garcia was underweight when she was issued a

temporary appointment. What will happen to her if she does not
gain the required weight after six (6) months from her
appointment?

A. she will be charged for violation of recruitment policy

B. she will be dismissed from the service
C. she will be put under probation
D. she will be reassigned

9. Human behavior is man’s response to the interpretation of the

__________ from within the person or from his environment.

A. stimulus C action
D. perception D. inclination

10. Which of the following items does not belong to the group?

A. Prostitution C. assassination
B. Sabotage D. bombing

11. The ________ character of the police requires adherence to

the rule on merit and fitness system.

A. Civilian C. social
B. Authoritarian D. democratic

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12. It is characterized by infantile level of response, lack of
conscience, deficient feeling of affection to others and
aggression to environment and other people.

A. schizoprenic personality C. compulsive neurosis

B. psychopathic personality D. neurotic personality

13. Which of the following agencies forms part of the courts

pillar of the criminal justice system?

A. Regional Trial Court

B. Board of Pardon & Parole
C. National Prosecution Service
D. Philippines National Police

14. The Chief, PNP has a term of office of __________ years?

A. three (3) C. four (4)

B. six (6) D. five (5)

15. You are a member of a PNP Screening Committee. As to age

qualification, who among the four (4) applicants will you
consider?

A. Mr. C who was born on March 05, 1975

B. Mr. D who was born on December 20, 1963
C. Mr. A who was born on December 20, 1978
D. Mr. B who was born on February 20, 1964

16. What law protects children from child abuse, exploitation and
discrimination?

A. R.A. No. 7610 C. R. A. No. 6425

B. P. D. No. 1179 D. P. D. No. 603

17. What is the primary purpose of a public relation program?

A. to plan for a police – community relations program

B. to recruit new members for community relations programs
C. to train police officers in community relations
D. to develop mutual understanding between police & public

18. If a police officer detains a suspect beyond the period

allowed by law, he can be held liable for:

A. neglect of duty C. infidelity of custody

B. arbitrary detention D. illegal detention

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19. Where is a prisoner who is sentenced to a term of three (3)
years and above incarcerated?

A. district jail under the Bureau of Jail Management and

Penology
B. national prison under the Bureau of Correction
C. municipal jail under the Bureau of Jail Management and
Penology
D. provincial jail under Provincial Governor

20. The _________ theory of criminality attributes delinquent and

criminal behavior to a conscience that is either to overbearing
that it arouses feeling of guilt or so weak that it cannot control
the individual’s impulse and the need for immediate gratification.

A. biological C. psychological
B. psychoanalytic D. classical

21. What was the Philippines criminal law which was promulgated
in 1433?

A. Code of Hammurabi C. Philippine Constitution

B. Code of Sumakwel D. Code of Kalantiaw

22. ___________ theory states that crime and delinquency result

when an individual’s bond to society is weak or broken.

A. social structure C. social process

B. labelling D. control

23. Who constitute the Holy Three in Criminology: 1) Cesare

Lombroso, 2) Emil Durkheim, 3) Enrico Ferri, 4) Raffaeli
Garaffalo, and 5) Henry Goddard?

A. 1, 3, and 4 C. 3, 4 and 5
B. 2, 3 and 4 D. 5, 4, and 1

24. This is one of the culture deviance theories whose premise is

that obedience to the norms of their lower-class culture puts
people in conflict with the norms of the dominant culture.

A. ecological theory
B. theory of differential opportunity
C. theory of anomie
D. culture conflict theory

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25. The classical theory in criminal law provides that the basis
for criminal liability is human free will and the purpose of
penalty is:

A. repression C. deterrence
B. rehabilitation D. retribution

26. The participation of local chief executive in police

administration is a nagging issue. The mayor exercises
disciplinary powers over policemen in his jurisdiction aside from:

A. choosing the chief of police from a list of five (5)

recommendees of the provincial director
B. appointing police officers
C. recommending location of police precincts/police boxes
D. recommending quota allocation for recruitment

27. A complex whole consisting of interdependent parts whose

operations are directed towards goals and which are influenced by
the environment within which they function:

A. model C. system
B. design D. framework

28. This theory argues that intelligence is largely determined

genetically; that ancestry determines IQ; and, that low
intelligence as demonstrated by low IQ is linked to behavior
including criminal behavior:

A. nature theory C. cultural deviance theory

B. strain theory D. labeling theory

29. What is the pillar of the criminal justice system which

includes responsibility for the custody, supervision, treatment
and punishment of convicted prisoners?

A. Law enforcement C. Corrections

B. Prosecution D. Courts

30. A crisis imposes certain conditions on the Crisis Management

Team (CMT) and its members, as follow, EXCEPT:

A. insufficient strain for making importance decisions

B. emotional strain due to the responsibility for human
life
C. the need to consider strategic implication of
seemingly mundane elements of a crisis
D. the knowledge that the government is not giving full
support to the operations

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31. Which of the following is the most important function of a
good public relations officer of a police station?

A. training of police members

B. recruiting qualified applicants
C. generating community awareness and support
D. planning special projects

32. The concept that the manner in which the police were viewed
was likely to influence the degree of cooperation they were to
receive was espoused by _________.

A. Sir Robert Peel C. Max Weber

B. Friedrich Taylor D. Edwin Sutherland

33. Detention prisoners who are awaiting judgment of their cases

are under the supervision and control of the:

A. Bureau of Corrections
B. Provincial Jails under Governors
C. Davao Penal Colony
D. Bureau of Jail Management and Penology

34. When was the Code of Kalantiaw promulgated?

A. 1433 C. 1521
B. 1512 D. 1498

35. This social training theory’s major premise is that people

commit crimes whenever and wherever expectations of gain from
crime exceed expectation of losses with respect to social bonds.
Expectations determine conducts.

A. neutralization theory C. commitment theory

B. differential assn. theory D. labelling theory

36. What program is concerned with creating a favorable public

image of the police?

A. human relations C. press relations

B. community relations D. public relations

37. What changes must occur given an effective police community

relations programs?

A. Attitudinal and behavioral changes in policemen

B. Political and social changes in policemen
C. Attitudinal and mental changes in policemen
D. Social and economic changes in policemen

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38. Which agency is responsible for the custody and
rehabilitation of a youthful offender?

A. Board of Pardons and Parole

B. Department of Social Welfare and Development
C. Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
D. Bureau of Corrections

39. Excessive use of force or police brutality is a violation of

the ethical standards. PNP members shall exercise proper and
________ use of authority in the performance of duty.

A. effective C. proportionate
B. legitimate D. responsible

40. These theories view crime and delinquency as a result of the

frustration and anger people experience over their inability to
achieve legitimate social and financial success.

A. strain theories C. diff’tl. assn. theory

B. psychological theory D. labeling

41. Edwin Sutherlan expounded the theory of _________ which

contended that criminal conduct is learned behavior, the learning
is occurred by communication with others, that the information
learned is about criminality thus, one tends to become a criminal.

A. differential association C. containment

B. psychoanalysis D. mobility

42. The key to professionalism is the implementation of a

________ program which includes the equitable distribution of
recruitment, fair promotion, rationalize approach in assignment,
skills development, grant of reward and award, and decent living
upon retirement.

A. human resource development C. organizational dev’t.

B. system and procedure D. compensation

43. Which of these statements is FALSE?

A. Religion in advanced societies tends to the collective

or group experience.
B. Participation in organized religious activity is
higher among women, especially widows.
C. Some religions are attractive to the deprived because
they promise rewards in the other world.
D. Religion has served as a functional alternative to
political extremism

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44. Which of the following factors are considered as
psychologically related to delinquency: 1) mental deficiency and
retardation, 2) psychoneurosis, 3) psychosis, 4) emotional
tensions, and 5) learning capacity?

A. 4, 5, 1, and 2 B. 3, 4, 5 and 1
B. 1, 2, 3, and 4 D. 2, 3, 4 and 1

45. They play an important role by bringing criminal events to

the attention of the police?

A. judge C. fortuitous witnesses

B. jail guards D. victims

46. What is the law which provides for the care and treatment of
youthful offender from apprehension to the termination of the
case?

A. R. A. No. 6425 C. P. D. No 603

B. P. D. No. 1184 D. R. A. No. 6975

47. The authority to make decisions without reference to specific

rules or facts, using instead one’s own judgment.

A. plea bargaining C. arraignment

B. sociological theory D. negotiation

48. This theory suggests that when people find they cannot
achieve valued goals through legitimate means they experience
stress and frustration, which in turn may lead to rule – violating
behavior.

A. Strain theory C. control theory

B. sociological theory D. cultural deviance theory

49. A child who is associated with people who are alcoholics and
drug addicts will almost likely become like them. This is the
theory of ____________.

A. neutralization C. social bond

B. differential association D. delinquent subcultures

50. Social learning theorists view violence as something learned

through behavior modeling. The following are the sources of
behavior models, except:

A. family member C. mass media

B. political leaders D. environmental experience

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51. All PNP members must have the moral courage to sacrifice
self-interest in keeping with the time-honored principle of:

A. delikadeza C. amor propio

B. pakikisama D. balikatan

52. It is the state of affairs requiring tact to protect the

integrity of a person.

A. virtue C. delicadeza
B. courage D. honesty

53. This is one of the features of criminal law and it means that
it includes only those rules created and enforced by authorized
agents of the state.

A. uniformity C. penal sanction

B. politicality D. specificity

54. A defendant’s pleading of guilty to a criminal charge with

reasonable expectation of receiving some consideration from the
state for doing so, usually a reduction of the charge.

A. commutation of sentence C. negotiation

B. plea bargaining D. arraignment

55. POI Juan C. Alba PNP governs and disciplines himself by means
of reason and sound judgment. What value does he practice?

A. endurence C. prudence
B. courtesy D. patriotism

56. Which of the following is NOT a common tactics in terrorism?

A. Robbery C. Bombing
B. Hijacking D. Kidnapping

57. It is studied that as one goes older in age, there is a

decline in criminal activities. This is known as:

A. Age-Line Curve C. Aging-Out Phenomenon

B. Parkinson’s Law D. Gender-Crime Relation

58. In the history of Philippine criminal laws, the Code of

Kalantiaw was promulgated in __________.

A. 1433 C. 1512
B. 1521 D. 1498

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59. If the population in municipality A is 195,000 and the crime
volume is 2,540, what is the crime rate?

A. 1230.6 C. 1465.2
B. 1302.6 D. 1203.5

60. How is the modification of home conditions by death, divorce,

or desertion referred to?

A. family cohesiveness C. family disintegration

B. family migration D. broken home

61. This personality system controls the getaway to action.

A. alter ego C. id
B. ego D. superego

62. A PNP member who retires compulsorily from the service shall,
for purposes of _______, be retired one rank higher than the rank
he last held.

A. monthly salary C. retirement pay

B. longevity pay D. pay and allowances

63. The PNP is the most inspected and audited agency in

government. The inspection and audit authorities include the
NAPOLCOM, CSC, COA, and __________.

A. Internal Affairs Service, PNP

B. National Bureau of Investigation
C. Presidential Management Staff
D. Department of Justice

64. Republic Act No. 8551 provides for the reorganization of the
Philippine National Police. Which of the following is NOT a
guiding policy in the preparation of the reorganization plan?

A. Enhancement of community and service orientation of

the police
B. Maintenance of a civilian and national police force
C. Attainment of efficiency and effectiveness
D. Adoption of military command structure

65. The following are causes of alcoholism, EXCEPT:

A. it gives soothing effects

B. it is an appetizer before meals
C. infantile level of response
D. it is escape from personal problems

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66. Who among them is considered youthful offender if convicted
of a crime they committed at their given age: 1) Johnny who is 15
years old, 2) Peter who is 22 years old, 3) Sancho who is 18 years
old, and 4) Carlo who is 8 years old?

A. 1 and 3 C. 4 and 1
B. 3 and 4 D. 1 and 2

67. A person suffers from __________ when he developed a

maladaptive behavior in his childhood as a result of an eternal
influence that later on becomes a part of his lifestyle and which
he uses to relate to the world around him.

A. personality disorder C abnormal behavior

B. personality behavior D. abnormal personality

68. Under the continuous trial system, the following are its
functions, EXECEPT:

A. Disciplinary sanctions may be imposed on the trial

judge and the lawyers for failure to terminate the
trial within ninety (90) days from initial hearing due
to causes attributable to them, both criminal & civil
B. Parties are required to submit a pre- trial brief at
least three days before the pre-trial conference.
C. A pre-trial brief is not required in criminal cases;
however the offended party is required to appear at
the pre-trial for purposes of plea bargaining, or
other matters requiring their presence
D. Disciplinary sanctions may be imposed by the judge to
the lawyers for failure to terminate the trial within
sixty (60) days form initial hearing due to
cause attributable to them, both civil and criminal

69. Appeals from decisions of the C, PNP are filed with the:

A. Napolcom National Appellate Board

B. Napolcom Regional Appellate Board
C. People’s law Enforcement Board
D. PNP Summary Disciplinary Board

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70. The role of preserving the internal and external security of
the state rests with the AFP and the PNP. The PNP assumes the role
of preserving the national security and the AFP assumes the role
of preserving external security. However, the AFP takes over
primary responsibility over internal security when the following
conditions exist, EXCEPT:

A. there is serious threats to national security and

peace and order
B. insurgents have gained considerable foothold in the
community
C. crimes committed are index in nature
D. a need for the employment of bigger tactical forces

71. What is a process of interpreting our own behavior in ways to

make it more acceptable to the self usually with the use of good
reasons or alibis to substitute for real cause?

A. projection C. Sublimation
B. rationalization D. compensation

72. What happens to the case if a youthful offender if he shows

good conduct and behavior while under rehabilitation at DSWD?

A. case is going for hearing C. open for review

B. decided finally by judge D. dismissed & discharged

73. If a youthful offender has a good conduct while in the

custody of DSWD or a training institution and has shown his
capability to useful member of the community, his case shall be:

A. remanded to the Fiscal C. open for review

C. decided finally the judge D. dismissed & discharged

74. What is the most important supervisory principle in order to

improve the morale of staff?

A. be strict on attendance
B. be kind and respectful
C. be forgiving of offenses committed
D. be fair and just

75. This contemporary approach relates behavior to events taking

place inside the body, particularly in the nervous system.

A. neurobiological approach
B. phenomenological approach
C. cognitive approach
D. psychoanalysis approach

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76. In cases of eviction or demolition of squatter’s dwellings,
which of the following should the police do?

A. exercise maximum tolerance while giving scty. asst.

B. exercise limited force
C. participate in actual demolition
D. exercise maximum force in dealing with squatter

77. Arnie is 10 years old when he raped a girl of his age, what
would happen to his sentence handed down by the court?

A. his sentence shall be suspended

B. his sentence shall be mitigated
C. his sentence shall be commuted
D. his sentence shall be served

78. It is referred to as the planned use of mass Communication

for public purpose.

A. advertisement C. propaganda
B. publication D. press release

79. The best measure for the competence of police officer is:

A. ability of his men to prepare reports

B. high morale of his men
C. command of words
D. high level of education among his men

80. Absolute or conditional pardon is granted by whom?

A. President of the Philippines

B. Secretary of Finance
C. Director, National Bureau of Investigation
D. Secretary of Justice

81. If a youth commits a crime, he shall be dealt pursuant to:

A. RA 6975 C. RA 6141
B. RA 6963 D. PD 603, as amended

82. Murder cases numbered 180 in 2000 and 220 in 2001. What was
the percentatnageresent increase?

A. +22.2% C. +20.2%
B. +22.0 % D. +20.0%

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83. How is a child who has no proper parental care or guardian or
whose parents or guardians have deserted him for a period of at
least six (6) continuous months classified?

A. neglected child C. separated child

B. abandoned child D. orphaned child

84. The study of criminology in relation to physical constitution

of man is called:

A. criminal ecology C. criminal demography

B. criminal psychology D. criminal anthropology

85. What happens to the sentence of a convicted youthful

offender?

A. sentence is reduced C. sentence is implemented

B. sentence is suspended D. sentence is mitigated

86. One of the following is not a terroristic act.

A. hostage taking C. robbery

B. bombing D. assassination

87. There are four (4) applicants to the police service who do
not meet all the qualification requirements and they applied for
waiver. A is more than 30 years old. B is only 5 feet 2 inches
tall C, is only 80 pounds in weight. D completed only 72 college
unit. If you are the Police Personnel Officer, who among the four
(4) applicants will you consider for the only vacancy?

A. D, because he resides in a place where there are no

colleges universities
B. A, because his age disqualification can be waiver as
provided under RA 8551
C. C, because weight is just a temporary disqualification
and he can increase his weight easily.
D. B, because height is not that important for a police

88. The preliminary investigation of offenses within the

jurisdiction of the Sandigangbayan shall be undertaken by the:

A. Department of Justice C. Integ. Bar of the Phil.

B. Nat’l. Prosecution Office D. Tanodbayan

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89. An example of police immorality is __________.

A. going to the office not in uniform

B. living with a woman not his wife
C. smoking while patrolling
D. always absent from his post

90. In the history of Philippine criminal laws, the Code of

Kalantiaw was promulgated in _____________________.

A. 1433 C. 1512
B. 1521 D. 1498

91. Defense mechanisms are used to shield one’s self from:

A. anger C. fear
B. pleasure D. pain

92. Where is a prisoner who is sentenced to a term of three (3)

years and above incarcerated?

A. district jail under the Bureau of Jail Management and

Penology
B. national prison under the Bureau of Correction
C. municipal jail under the Bureau of Jail Management and
Penology
D. provincial jail under Provincial Governor

93. If a youth commits a crime, he shall be dealt pursuant to:

A. RA 6975 C. RA 6141
B. RA 6963 D. PD 603, as amended

94. The PNP is the most inspected and audited agency in

government. The inspection and audit authorities include the
NAPOLCOM, CSC, COA, and __________.

A. Internal Affairs Service C. Nat’l. Bureau of Inves.

B. Pres. Management Staff D. Department of Justice

95. This contemporary approach relates behavior to events taking

place inside the body, particularly in the nervous system.

A. neurobiological approach
B. phenomenological approach
C. cognitive approach
D. psychoanalysis approach

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96. In cases of eviction or demolition of squatter’s dwellings,
which of the following should the police do?

A. exercise maximum tolerance while giving scty. asst.

B. exercise limited force
C. participate in actual demolition
D. exercise maximum force in dealing with squatter

97. A PNP member who retires compulsorily from the service shall,
for purposes of _______, be retired one rank higher than the rank
he last held.

A. monthly salary C. retirement pay

B. longevity pay D. pay and allowances

98. The PNP is the most inspected and audited agency in

government. The inspection and audit authorities include the
NAPOLCOM, CSC, COA, and __________.

A. Internal Affairs Service C. Nat’l. Bureau of Inves.

B. Pres. Management Staff D. Department of Justice

99. What does the Latin maxim ”Nullen crimen, nulla poena sine
lege” means?

A. There is no crime if there is no punishment

B. There is no crime if there is no law punishing the act
C. There is no crime if there is no victim
D. There is no crime if there is no suspect

100. The right to due process is the right to be treated with

fundamental fairness. It includes the following, EXCEPT:

A. to appeal the case, if convicted

B. right to be notified of charges
C. to have an opportunity to confront hostile witnesses
D. to have favorable witness to appear

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