Nama : Muhamad Bayu Saputra

NPM : 011180171

1. Please write the definition, rules, form of simple present tense and give an example in
positive, negative, and intterogative by using verbal and nominal!
2. Please write the definition, rules and 5 examples of active passive form!
3. Please write the the definition, kinds and give an example sentence of conjunction!
4. Please write the rules, the form, and give an example of Direct and indirect speech
5. Please write the definiton, kinds, and give 2 examples of eliptical sentence!

Answer :

1. Definition:

Simple Present Tense - Definition Simple present tense is a form of tense that explains the work
or event that is happening right now. This form of tenses uses the first form of verb or Verb 1 in
the preparation of the sentence.

Rules:

Positive Sentences (+) Subject + Verb 1 (s / es) + Object

Negative Sentences (-) Subject + Do / Does + not + Verb 1 + Object

Question sentence (?) Do / Does + Subject + Verb 1 + Object?

Example:

Verbal : (+) I go to school

(-) I don’t go to school

(?) Do I go to School?

Nominal : (+) they are a famous dancer

(-) They are not a famous dancer

(?) are they a famous dancer ?

2. Definition:

Active and Passive Voices are the two ways of expressing an action taken by a subject on an
object.  Meaning of the sentence either in active or passive voice doesn’t change except few
structural changes.

Rules:

Active : Subject + Verb + Object

Passive : Object + Verb + Subject

Example :

Active :

1) I stop the car.

2) He spread the cheese.

3) The pillow is squeezed by them.

4) Dogs are fed by her.

5) He starts the generator.

Passive :

1) The car is stopped by me.

2) The cheese is spread by me.

3) They squeeze the pillow.

4) She feeds the dogs.

5) The generator is started by them.

3.definition :

A conjunction is a part of speech that is used to connect words, phrases, clauses, or sentences.
Conjunctions are considered to be invariable grammar particle, and they may or may not stand
between items they conjoin.

Kinds of word conjunction

And
But
Both ….. and
Either ….. or
Neither ….. nor
Not only …. but also
If
That
Although
Unless
When
While
Because
In order that
Even-though
Therefore
However
Otherwise
Beside
In additionKinds of conjunction :

1. Subordinating Conjunction
2. Coordinate Conjunction
3. Correlative Conjunction
4. Conjunctive Adverb
Example :

1. I rather choose Earl Grey OR Lipton tea

2. Her sister like to do ballet BUT Lisa hates it so much.
3. I do not want to be her friend FOR she always blame me for everything.

4. Direct Speech :

The message of the speaker is conveyed or reported in his own actual words without any change.

Indirect Speech :

the message of the speaker is conveyed or reported in our own words.

Rules :

Following punctuation rules in reported speech are applied Inverted comma are excluded The
question mark is converted into a full stop The exclamation mark is silenced Comma, in some
cases, is used.

Example :

Direct :

The boy said, “I’m happy with my results.”

Indirect :

The boy said that he was happy with his results.

Direct : She said, “I have baked a cake.”

Indirect : She said (that) she had baked a cake.

5. Definition :

Elliptical Sentence is a combination of two sentences that have different subjects but have the
same predicate, and are used to avoid repeating words.

Kinds : Ellipse sentences are divided into two, namely ellipse sentences for equivalent combined
sentences that use the conjunctions "and" and equivalent combined sentences that use the
conjunction "but".

Example Sentence :

1. and…too; and so…

Tony is playing football. Rudy is playing football.

Tony is playing football and Rudy is too.

Tony is playing football and so is Rudy.

2.and neither….; and…either 

He isn’t studying English. She isn’t studying English.

He isn’t studying English and neither is she.

He isn’t studying English and she isn’t either.

3. But

He isn’t studying English.

She is studying English.

He isn’t studying English but she is.