CHAPTER V

This summary will talk about children’s second language acquisition in conjunction with:
Grammatical Development, Semantic Development, Pragmatic development and Language
Development.

1. Children Second Language Acquisition in Conjunction With Grammatical Development

There are three types of second language acquisition in conjunction with grammatical
development such as:

a. Single-word utterances

That the early stage of grammatical development of a child, they hardly

seems like grammar at all. Most of the words use at this stage is about 60%
seemed to have a naming function and will develop into nouns. Other words
classes are found at this stage such as adjectives and adverbs, along with several
words that is difficult to assign to any word class ( example bye-bye ). This stage
are found at children in 12 and 18 months.

b. Two-word sentences

This stage are found at children in 18 months old. There is also a

transition period where words are brought together, but the sequence is not
uttered as a single.

c. Sentence Structure

Around the age 2 years old, many thaey produce many sentences
that are three or four words in length and combine these words in several
different way to produce a variety of grammatical construction such as
man kick ball, him got car, where daddy going and put that on there. The
age of 3 years old children produce sentence containing sentence more
than one clause. In age of 4 they govern the irregularities of syntax and
morphology and around the age of 7 they understand more advance
grammar construction, more sophisticated form of sentence connection,
using such word really, though, anyway, for instance, actually and of
course.

2. Semantic Development
 In semantic development deals with content of vocabulary. In early
months, children learn vocab through sub-conscious way with the following
content in their diary activities such as: people mainly relatives and house visitors,
action the way things move, food occasion, body parts, clothing of all kinds, kind
of animal on TV/picture, transportation, toys and games, household object,
location several general words, social words response noises, describing adjective
words, and situational words several pointing words.

3. Pragmatic Development

In pragmatic development deals with conversational skills. Between age 2

and 4 children’s ability in conversation increase. They have learned many aspects
of conversational strategy by the age of 3 and between 3 and 5 these skills
develop greatly such as the correct use of form address and markers of politeness
and how to make request in an indirect way.

4. Language Develop in School

Language develop in school deals with imaginative speech and writing. It

describes about children’s learning to read, learning to write. When they are in
school they meet with their friends which is have unfamiliar regional, social and
ethnic background and linguistics form that different greatly from their own. They
have to learn linguistics skills such as reading, writing, and spelling.

STRUCTURE VS USE

Children have to develop their linguistics skills, so they will promote

educational growth inside school as well as social and personal development
outside school.

 Parsing is the traditional structure approach of getting children to analyze

grammar in conscious way.

 Language in use: develop child’s awareness of what language is and is

used and extend their own competence in handling it.

 Current trends aims: to stimulate child’s curiosity about language and

integrate various elements of language training in school both vertically
and horizontally such as learning to read, learning to write, functional skill
and linguistic skill.