Part 1: Choose the correct letter of your choice

1. This is one of the culture deviance theories whose premise is that obedience to the norms of their
lower-class culture puts people in conflict with the norms of the dominant culture.

A. Strain theory
B. Culture Conflict Theory
C. Differential Association Theory
D. Theory of Anomic
2. Under the social control theory, there are factors of attachment, commitment, involvement and
belief. How are these called?
A. Social Behavior C. Social Bonds
B. Social Contracts D. Social Learning
3. The _________ theory of criminality attributes delinquent and criminal behavior to a conscience
that is either to overbearing that it arouses feeling of guilt or so weak that it cannot control the
individual’s impulse and the need for immediate gratification.
A. biological C. psychological
B. psychoanalytic D. classical
4. ___________ theory states that crime and delinquency result when an individual’s bond to society
is weak or broken.
A. social structure C. social process
B. labelling D. socialdisorganization
5. This is one of the culture deviance theories whose premise is that obedience to the norms of their
lower-class culture puts people in conflict with the norms of the dominant culture.
A. ecological theory
B. theory of differential opportunity
C. theory of anomie
D. culture conflict theory
6. This theory argues that intelligence is largely determined genetically; that ancestry determines IQ;
and, that low intelligence as demonstrated by low IQ is linked to behavior including criminal behavior:
A. nature theory C. cultural deviance theory
B. strain theory D. labeling theory
7. This social training theory’s major premise is that people commit crimes whenever and wherever
expectations of gain from crime exceed expectation of losses with respect to social bonds.
Expectations determine conducts.
A. neutralization theory C. commitment theory
B. differential assn. theory D. labelling theory
8. These theories view crime and delinquency as a result of the frustration and anger people
experience over their inability to achieve legitimate social and financial success.
A. strain theories C. diff’tl. assn. theory
B. psychological theory D. labeling
9. This theory suggests that when people find they cannot achieve valued goals through legitimate
means they experience stress and frustration, which in turn may lead to rule – violating behavior.
A. Strain theory C. control theory
B. sociological theory D. cultural deviance theory

10. Social learning theorists view violence as something learned through behavior modeling. The
following are the sources of behavior models, except:
A. family member C. mass media
B. political leaders D. environmental experience
11. This personality system controls the getaway to action.
A. alter ego C. id
 B. ego D. superego
12. This contemporary approach relates behavior to events taking place inside the body, particularly in
the nervous system.
A. neurobiological approach
B. phenomenological approach
C. cognitive approach
D. psychoanalysis approach
13. One school of criminology advocated by John Dewey, George Mead, Charles Cooley and W.I. Thomas.
That the development of criminal behavior is considered as involving the same learning process as does
the development of the behavior of banker, doctor etc.; that the content of learning not the process
itself, is considered as the significant element determining whether one becomes a criminal or non-
criminal.
a) Social psychological
b) Socialist]
c) Sociological
d) Physical and environment
14. Argues that delinquency and crime patterns are learned and adopted.
a. Differential identification theory
b.Imitation suggestion theory
c.Differential social disorganization
d.Conflict of culture theory
15.What are the three existing factors to develop criminal and anti-social behavior?

A. Biological, cultural and environment

B. Sociological, psychological and education
C. Socio-economic, political and cultural
D. Biological,Sociological, psychological
16. One of these was studied and presented by William Sheldon, a theory that established a link
between different body types and criminality;
a. ectomorph c. physiology
b. physiognomy d. craniology
17. It refers to an study showing the relationship between the physical built of a person to his
personality structure and the type of offense he is most prone to commit
a. physiognomy c. physiology or somatotype
b. phrenology d. psychology
18.A police officer’s frustration in the realization of his ambition and goals in life both as an
officer of the law, and as a private citizen, can push him to a life of crime, as pointed out in
this particular theory.
a. Disorganization Theory
b. Differential Association Theory
c. Culture Conflict Theory
d. Strain Theory
19. This particular theory allows, encourage and even demands behavior that will violate the     
law.
a. Social Structure Theory
b. Differential Association Theory
c. Cultural Deviance Theory
d. Culture Conflict Theory
20. Man’s personality structure was defined by ____in his psychoanalysis theory

a. A.H. Maslow
b. Cesare Lombroso
c. Emile Durkheim
d. Sigmund Freud
21.views that disadvantage economic class position is a primary cause of crime
a. strain theory
b. social disorganization theory
c. social learning theory
d. routine activity theory
22.views crime ridden neighborhoods as those in which residents are uninterested in community
authorities - are weak and disorganize
a. strain theory
b. social disorganization theory
c. social learning theory
d. routine activity theory
23. holds that crime is a function of the conflict between the goals people have and the mean they
can use to legally obtain them.
a. strain theory
b. social disorganization theory
c. social learning theory
d. routine activity theory
25. views that disadvantage economic class position is a primary cause of crime
a. strain theory
b. social disorganization theory
c. social learning theory
d. routine activity theory
26. - focuses on the conditions within the urban environment that affect crime rates
a. strain theory
b. social disorganization theory
c. social learning theory
d. routine activity theory
27. individuals imitate others in proportion to the intensity and frequency of their contact.
a. strain theory
b. social disorganization theory
c. social learning theory
d. routine activity theory
28. One school of criminology based on writings of Marx and Angels, began in 1850 and emphasized
economic determinism, that crime is only a by product; variations in crime rates in association with
variations in economic conditions.
a. Socialist School of Criminology
b. Sociological School
c. Social Psychological School
d. All of them
29.School of criminology which interpreted crime as function of social environment emphasizing
importance of “imitation” in crime causation.

a. Socialist School of Criminology

b. Sociological School
c. Social Psychological School
d. “M Naghten Rule”
30.It is means of disseminating techniques of delinquencies, of training in delinquency, of protecting
its
members engaged in delinquency, and of maintaining continuity in delinquency.

__A) Gang __C) Rural criminality

__B) Family __D) Neighborhood
31. It is the first agency to affect the direction which a particular child will take, and that no child is so
con-
stituted at birth that it must inevitably become a delinquent or that it must inevitably be law-
abiding.

__A) Gang __C) Rural criminality

__B) Family __D) Broken home
32. One of the most obvious elements in the delinquency of some children is the criminalistic behavior
of
other members of the child’s family.
__A) Gang __C) Rural criminality
__B) Family __D) Broken home
33. It emphasizes of morals and life’s highest spiritual values, the work and dignity of an individual,
and
respect for the person and property of others, general powerful forces.
__A) The school __C) The government
__B) Religion _D) The police agency
34. The general explanation of one topic in relation to criminal behavior is that causes of crime lie
prima-
rily in the area of personal interaction, and that personal interaction is confined almost entirely to
local
communities and neighborhood.
__A) Social institutions and crime
__B) Culture areas and crime
__C) Crime and social process
__D) The home and family in relation to crime
35. A sub-discipline of criminology which focuses on victims of crime.
A. Penology
B. Criminal psychology
C. Criminal profiling
D. Victimology
36. The principle which states that man, by nature, always tries to maximize pleasure and avoid pain.
a.Utopia
b.Hedonism
c.Socialism
d. Atavism
37. This type of physique has relatively predominant muscles, bones and motor organs of the body.
a.Viscerotonic
b.Mesomorphic
c.Endomorphic
d.Ectomorphic
38. The mental capacity to distinguish right from wrong.
a.Discernment
b.Morality
c.Ethics
d.Imbecility

39.It has the power to define and punish crimes.

a.Church
b.State
c.Judiciary
d.Police
40.Which of the following is not a victimless crime?
a.Vagrancy
b.illegal gambling
c.illegal detention
d.illegal possession of prohibited drugs
41. The purpose of penalty in the Positivist School of Criminology.
a.Retribution
b.Reformation
c.Rejection
d.Restitution
42. A doctrine which criminals were seen as distinct types of humans who could be distinguished from
non criminals by certain physical traits.
a.theory of biological inferiority
b.theory of natural selection
c.theory of differential association
d.theory of evolution

PART 2. IDENTIFICATION
1.Who is the founder of strain theory
2. A THEORY which is also known as symbolic interactionism
3.The first as well as the most prominent labelling theories
4.In Merton’s theory it is the tendency to align your attitudes beliefs and behaviors with those around
you.
5.It is the rejection of both the goals and means then work to replace them through arms or defiance
6.It is a theory which asserts that it is the cognitive process that observation or direct instruction is one
factor in criminal behavior
7.It is a theory which asserts that if the target is attractive enough crime may happen because the
lifestyle of an individual plays an important role in crime causation
8. It is the principle which states that we ought to choose the one that will produce the best overall
result for the wellbeing of others
9. Who is the prominent advocate of psychoanalytic theory?
10.it is a theory which posits that people who violate the law learn to neutralize the orthrodox attitude
and values of the society?

PART 3 Enumeration (Place your answer at the back portion of this page.)
1. Enumerate at least 3 reasons why biological trait of a person is it attributed to criminal
behavior.
2. Enumerate at least reasons why psychological or emotional condition of man is it attributed
to criminal behavior.
3. Enumerate at least 3 reasons why environment is attributed to criminal behavior.