SESSION TOPIC CASE STUDY

Mod: 1 History and nature of contractual Balfour v/s Balfour (1919)

1. obligations. 2 K.B.571

Definition of contract, agreement, Carl ill v. Carbolic Smoke

2. Elements and kinds, proposal & Ball Co. (1839) 1 Q.B. 256.
acceptance.
Lalman Shukla v. Gauri
3. Communication & revocation Proposal Dutt(1931) 11 All 489.
and invitations for proposal. Fitch v. Snedaker (1868,38
N.Y. 248)

4. Floating offers, tenders dumping of Williams v. Carwardine.

goods. (1833, 4 B.& Ad.621)

Mod: 2 Consideration: Need meaning, kinds Chinnayya v. Ramayya

1. essential elements, nudum partum (1881, 4 Mad. 137)
(ag without c) Carlill v/s Carbolic smoke
ball co (1839)1 Q.B. 256
2. Privity of contract & consideration its Lalmanshukla v/Gowri Dutt
exceptions, adequacy of consideration (1913)11 All J 489.

3. Present, past and adequate Carlill v. carbolic Smoke

consideration Unlawful consideration Ball Co.
and its effects
Sindha v. Abraham
4. Views of Law Commission of India on (20.Bom.755)
consideration

5. Evaluation of the doctrine of

consideration
Mod: 3 Capacity to contract
1. Meaning Capacity arising out of status Mohoree bibee v/s
and mental defect Dharmodas Ghose(1908)
301A114=30 Cal 539.
Capacity of Parties
Minority Nash v/s Inman (1908)2
Indian and English law KB 1 Roberts v/s Gray
Mentally unsound (1913)1 KB 520
Intoxicated

1. In Capacity arising out of status and Mighell v. Sultan of Johore

mental defect (1894, 1Q.B. 149)

2. Minor’s agreements, definition of a Mohori Bibi v. Darmadas

minor, accessories supplied to a Ghose (1903,30 Cal.539,
minor PC)
Arumugham v. Dhara Singh
(1914,37 M.38)
3. Agreements beneficial and
detrimental to a minor, affirmation Leslie v.Sheill (1914,
and restitution 3K.B.607)

4. Fraud by a minor, agmt. made on Mohori Bibi....

behalf of minor estoppel

5. Evaluation of the law

Mod: 4 Its need & defn. Factors vitiating free Renganayakamma v. Alwar
1. consent, coercion, defn Chetty(1889, 13 Mad.214)

2. Duress & coercion, economic duress Cooper v. Crane(1891, P.O.

and effect of coercion 369)
Allcard v. Skinner (1887,36
3. Undue influence defn, elements Ch.D 145)
parties

4. Illustrations of undue influence Effect

5. Misrepresentation, misrepn of law & Derry v. Peek(1889,

facts 14A.C.337)
6. Fraud, defn. whether silence is fraud

7. Active concealment of truth,

importance of intention

8. Mistake defn, mistake of law & fact, Cundy v. Lindsay (1878,

when mistake does not vitiate free 3A.C.459)
consent

Mod: 5
Legality
of objects
1. Void ag, lawful & unlawful Nordenfelt’s case
consideration & objects

2. Void, voidable & unlawful ag-effects

3. Unlawful considerations & objects Uphill v. Wright (1911.

1K.B. 506)
4. Fraudulent, injurious to person or
property, immoral against public
policy

Mod: 6
Void ag.

1. Ag without consideration, in restraint Abdul Azeez v. Mazum Ali

of marriage. Trade exceptions (1914,36 All.268)

2. Sale of goodwill sec. 11

Restraint on employees, legal Deshpande v. Aravind Mills

3. proceedings etc. (A.I.R.1946 Bom.423)
Ellesmere v. Wallace
4. Uncertain ag Wagering ag, its (1929,2Ch.1)
exceptions.
Mod: 7
Discharge

1. By performance, tender Dutton v. Poole

2. Reciprocal promises, time as essence Kingston v. Preston

of contract (1733,99 E.R. 434_

3. Breach, anticipatory, present Hochster v. D’La’Tour

(1853 2 E & B. 678)
4. Theories of frustration effect
Leaf v. International
5. Rescission & alteration Galleries (1950, 2 K.B.86)

Mod: 8
Remedies
of quasi
contract
1. Damages, kinds, remoteness Hadley v. Baxendale (1854,
9 Ex. 341)
2. Ascertainment of damages Injunction
Do”
3. Refund & restitution Specific
performance

Mod: 10

1. Nature, advantages, unilateral

character

2. Principles
To be added……
3. Judicial approach, exemption clauses

4. Clash bet. Standard form of contracts

5. Views of Law Commission of India

Mod: 11
Multi-
national To be added….
ag
Consequences of illegality Haribhai v/s Sharaf Ali
(1897) 22
Void ILR Bom 861

Voidable Kong YeeLone & Cov/s

Lowjee
Valid agreements enforceable Nanjee (1901) 281A239

Mod: 12
Strategies
&
Constraints
to
contractual
obligations Judicial methods redressal forum &
1. remedies

Other methods like arbitration, Lok

2. Adalat, non formal methods

Systemic constraints in settling

3. disputes

Court fees, service of summons,

4. injunctions, delay

Mod: 13
Specific
Relief

1. Specific performance of a contract

2. Cont. that can be specifically enforced

3. Persons agst. Whom it can be ordered

4. Rescission & Cancellation

5. Injunction temporary & perpetual

6. Declaratory orders

7. Discretion, powers of court

Books Prescribed

Avtar Singh – Law of Contract and Specific relief

Mulla – Law of Contract Vol 1&2

For Reference

G.C. Cheshire & Fifoot – Law of Contract

Anson – Law of Contract

Banerjee – Law of Specific relief (1998)

G.H. Tritel – Law of Contract