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1. Urban heat island is a phenomenon where urban areas are hotter than surrounding rural areas due to factors like lack of vegetation and higher absorption of solar radiation in cities.
2. Chimney effect is the tendency of warmer air or gas to rise in a vertical space, drawing in cooler air from below.
3. Precipitation is the total amount of rain, snow, hail or other forms of moisture that falls from clouds as measured in rain gauges over a period of time.
1. Urban heat island is a phenomenon where urban areas are hotter than surrounding rural areas due to factors like lack of vegetation and higher absorption of solar radiation in cities.
2. Chimney effect is the tendency of warmer air or gas to rise in a vertical space, drawing in cooler air from below.
3. Precipitation is the total amount of rain, snow, hail or other forms of moisture that falls from clouds as measured in rain gauges over a period of time.
1. Urban heat island is a phenomenon where urban areas are hotter than surrounding rural areas due to factors like lack of vegetation and higher absorption of solar radiation in cities.
2. Chimney effect is the tendency of warmer air or gas to rise in a vertical space, drawing in cooler air from below.
3. Precipitation is the total amount of rain, snow, hail or other forms of moisture that falls from clouds as measured in rain gauges over a period of time.
1. A phenomenon where the urban 7. Wind direction of Habagat.
temperature is hotter than rural a) NW
temperature. b) SE a) Albedo Effect c) SW b) Urban Heat Island d) NE c) Wind Shadow d) Azimuth 8. The temperature of the outside air in contact with a shaded wall or roof which 2. The tendency of air or gas in a shaft or would give the same rate of heat transfer other vertical space to rise when heated, and the same temperature gradient as the creating a draft that draws in cooler air or combined effect of solar radiation and air gas from below. temperature. a) Coriolis force a) Dry-Bulb Temperature b) Chimney Effect b) Wet-Bulb Temperature c) Thermal Mass c) Sol-Air Temperature d) Uniform Heat Emission d) Surface Temperature
3. The total amount of rain, hail, snow, 9. Measured by a pyranometer, on an
dew, measured in rain gauges and unobstructed horizontal surface and expressed in mm per unit time (day, recorded either as the continuously varying month, year) irradiance (W/m2), or through an a) Cloud Cover electronic integrator as irradiance over the b) Precipitation hour of the day. c) Humudity a) Cloud Cover d) Air Movement b) Sunshine Duration c) Dry-bulb Temperature 4. Wind direction of Amihan. d) Solar Radiation a) NW b) SE 10. Integration in time of weather c) SW conditions, characteristics of a certain d) NE geographical location. a) Climate 5. Any cool mass that is available for the b) Temperature absorption of excess heat, including water c) Weather bodies, the ground, and massive building d) Season materials. a) Heat Sink 11. Maximum solar heat factor for roofs in b) Water Features warm humid tropics. c) Cooling Breezes a) 3% d) Radiant Cooling b) 4% c) 5% 6. Instrument used for measuring relative d) 6% humidity a) Thermometer b) Hygrometer c) Vane anemometer d) Pyranometer 12. Regional climate 18. What is the annual mean temperature a) Mesoclimate if the highest DBT of the year is 37oC and b) Macroclimate the lowest DBT is 16oC? c) Microclimate a) 53oC d) Diurnal b) 26.5oC c) 35oC 13. Flow of heat through a material by d) 17.5oC transfer from warmer to cooler molecules in contact with each other. 19. What will be the center of the comfort a) Evaporation range of the above in E.T.oC? b) Conduction a) 23 c) Convection b) 23.5 d) Radiation c) 23.82 d) 24 14. Which of the following statements is not true? 20. Rate of heat transfer that occurs a) Heat gain in the tropics is due mainly to through a unit thickness of material for a solar radiation at the building surface. unit area subjected to a unit difference in b) In hot climates, heat gains are highest temperature. when there are low wind speeds. a) Conduction c) Relative humidities in the tropical b) Conductivity regions are very low. c) Resistance d) Absorptivity of the surface to solar d) Resistivity radiation is of primary importance in tropical regions. 21. What is the conductivity of the wall with a thickness of 15cm, an area of 10sqm 15. Transfer of heat from one place to and temperature difference of 5oC? in another by the flow of molecules from one W/moC place to another a) 0.003 a) Evaporation b) 0.3 b) Conduction c) 13.33 c) Convection d) 0.133 d) Radiation 22. As a rough guide, the wind shadow will 16. Maximum solar heat factor for walls in be _____ times the height of the building warm humid tropics. including the pitched roof. a) 4% a) 3 b) 5% b) 4 c) 6% c) 5 d) 7% d) 6
17. Range under which most people feel
comfortable a) “U” Value b) Thermal Heat Capacity c) Comfort Zone d) Lowest DBT of the Year 23. Wind speed increases rapidly as the 28. Heat gain in the tropics is mainly due percentage opening area in walls increases to what? from 0 to _____%. a) High Air Temperatures a) 10 b) Solar Radiation b) 20 c) High Humidity c) 30 d) Evaporation d) 40 29. Which of the following is true? 24. Conductivity is equivalent to which of a) Resistivity is Proportional to the following? Conductivity a) Per meter thickness / (area*temp b) Resistivity is Inversely Proportional to difference) Conductivity b) Per meter thickness / (volume*temp c) Resistivity is Equal to Conductivity difference) d) Resistivity is the Ability to Resist c) Area / (per meter thickness*temp Radiation. difference) d) Volume / (per meter thickness*temp 30. Wind speed __________ with the difference) increase in height above the ground. a) Increases 25. The rate of flow of radiant heat from b) Decreases the sun can be found from the ________ c) Is not Affected when it is placed over the sun path d) Deflects diagram. a) Electromagnetic Waves 31. What is the “U” value of a wall with an b) Conductivity external surface resistance of 0.05, wall c) Radioactive Waves layers with total resistance of 0.21 and d) Radiation Overlay internal surface resistance of 0.12 and a wall thickness of 0.25m? (resistance in m2 26. Angle of the sun above the horizon, oC / W) measured from the horizon. a) 0.38 a) Azimuth b) 0095 b) Sun Path c) 10.52 c) Latitude d) 2.63 d) Altitude 32. What is the resistance of a brickwork 27. What is the resistivity of the wall with wall layer if the thickness is 20cm and a thickness of 10cm, an area of 15sqm and resistivity is 0.83m oC / W? (in m2 oC / W) temperature difference of 3oC? in moC/W a) 16.6 a) 0.5 b) 0.166 b) 0.03 c) 0.042 c) 450 d) 4.15 d) 4.5 33. What is the rate of heat flow Q through 37. What is the resistivity of the wall with a wall if there is a steady temperature a thickness of 10cm, an area of 15sqm and difference of 15oC between the inside and temperature difference of 3oC? in m2oC/W outside of such a wall and the area of the a) 4.5 wall is 40sqm and a “U” value of 2.2 W / b) 0.45 m2oC and a wall thickness of 20cm? (in c) 450 Watts) d) 45 a) 6600 b) 66 c) 264 d) 1320
34. Results from the movement of
molecules by pumps, fans, or other movement caused by external forces. a) Hot Air Rising b) Conductance c) Natural Convection d) Forced Convection
35. What is the sol-air temperature if the
outside wall surface resistance is 0.05m2 oC / W. a maximum radiation of 500 W/ m2; an absorptivity of 0.35; an outside temperature of 25oC; and thickness of wall of 20cm? (in oC) a) 33.75 b) 6.75 c) 168.75 d) 13.75
36. Angle of the position of the sun along
the horizon, measured to the east or west from true south. a) Azimuth b) Altitude c) Latitude d) Sun path
N A AnigboguandE B Anunike2014 STANDARDOFMATERIALSSPECIFICATIONSTHEIRIMPLEMENTATIONANDENFORCEMENTONBUILDINGCONSTRUCTIONPROJECTINNIGERIA ATBUJournalofEnvironmentalTechnology 7133-44 PDF
N A AnigboguandE B Anunike2014 STANDARDOFMATERIALSSPECIFICATIONSTHEIRIMPLEMENTATIONANDENFORCEMENTONBUILDINGCONSTRUCTIONPROJECTINNIGERIA ATBUJournalofEnvironmentalTechnology 7133-44 PDF